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@@ -0,0 +1,351 @@ +Platform-Specific Configuration and Operation Notes +=================================================== + +1. configure --without-gnu-malloc on: + + alpha running OSF/1, Linux, or NetBSD (malloc needs 8-byte alignment; + bash malloc has 8-byte alignment now, but I have no alphas to test on) + + next running NeXT/OS + + all machines running SunOS YP code: SunOS4, SunOS5, HP/UX, if you + have problems with username completion or tilde expansion for + usernames found via YP/NIS + + linux (optional, but don't do it if you're using Doug Lea's malloc) + + QNX 4.2 + other OSF/1 machines (KSR/1, HP, IBM AIX/ESA) + AIX + sparc SVR4, SVR4.2 (ICL reference port) + DG/UX + Cray + + NetBSD/sparc (malloc needs 8-byte alignment; bash malloc has 8-byte + alignment now, but I have no NetBSD machines to test on) + + BSD/OS 2.1, 3.x if you want to use loadable builtins + + Motorola m68k machines running System V.3. There is a file descriptor + leak caused by using the bash malloc because closedir(3) needs to read + freed memory to find the file descriptor to close + +2. Configure using shlicc2 on BSD/OS 2.1 and BSD/OS 3.x to use loadable + builtins + +3. Bash cannot be built in a directory separate from the source directory + using configure --srcdir=... unless the version of `make' you're using + does $VPATH handling right. The script support/mkclone can be used to + create a `build tree' using symlinks to get around this. + +4. I've had reports that username completion (as well as tilde expansion + and \u prompt expansion) does not work on IRIX 5.3 when linking with + -lnsl. This is only a problem when you're running NIS, since + apparently -lnsl supports only /etc/passwd and not the NIS functions + for retrieving usernames and passwords. Editing the Makefile after + configure runs and removing the `-lnsl' from the assignment to `LIBS' + fixes the problem. + +5. There is a problem with the `makewhatis' script in older (pre-7.0) + versions of Red Hat Linux. Running `makewhatis' with bash-2.0 or + later versions results in error messages like this: + + /usr/sbin/makewhatis: cd: manpath: No such file or directory + /usr/sbin/makewhatis: manpath/whatis: No such file or directory + chmod: manpath/whatis: No such file or directory + /usr/sbin/makewhatis: cd: catpath: No such file or directory + /usr/sbin/makewhatis: catpath/whatis: No such file or directory + chmod: catpath/whatis: No such file or directory + + The problem is with `makewhatis'. Red Hat (and possibly other + Linux distributors) uses a construct like this in the code: + + eval path=$"$pages"path + + to do indirect variable expansion. This `happened to work' in + bash-1.14 and previous versions, but that was more an accident + of implementation than anything else -- it was never supported + and certainly is not portable. + + Bash-2.0 has a new feature that gives a new meaning to $"...". + This is explained more completely in item 1 in the COMPAT file. + + The three lines in the `makewhatis' script that need to be changed + look like this: + + eval $topath=$"$topath":$name + [...] + eval path=$"$pages"path + [...] + eval path=$"$pages"path + + The portable way to write this code is + + eval $topath="\$$topath":$name + eval path="\$$pages"path + eval path="\$$pages"path + + You could also experiment with another new bash feature: ${!var}. + This does indirect variable expansion, making the use of eval + unnecessary. + +6. There is a problem with syslogd on many Linux distributions (Red Hat + and Slackware are two that I have received reports about). syslogd + sends a SIGINT to its parent process, which is waiting for the daemon + to finish its initialization. The parent process then dies due to + the SIGINT, and bash reports it, causing unexpected console output + while the system is booting that looks something like + + starting daemons: syslogd/etc/rc.d/rc.M: line 29: 38 Interrupt ${NET}/syslogd + + Bash-2.0 reports events such as processes dying in scripts due to + signals when the standard output is a tty. Bash-1.14.x and previous + versions did not report such events. + + This should probably be reported as a bug to whatever Linux distributor + people see the problem on. In my opinion, syslogd should be changed to + use some other method of communication, or the wrapper function (which + appeared to be `daemon' when I looked at it some time ago) or script + (which appeared to be `syslog') should catch SIGINT, since it's an + expected event, and exit cleanly. + +7. Several people have reported that `dip' (a program for SLIP/PPP + on Linux) does not work with bash-2.0 installed as /bin/sh. + + I don't run any Linux boxes myself, and do not have the dip + code handy to look at, but the `problem' with bash-2.0, as + it has been related to me, is that bash requires the `-p' + option to be supplied at invocation if it is to run setuid + or setgid. + + This means, among other things, that setuid or setgid programs + which call system(3) (a horrendously bad practice in any case) + relinquish their setuid/setgid status in the child that's forked + to execute /bin/sh. + + The following is an *unofficial* patch to bash-2.0 that causes it + to not require `-p' to run setuid or setgid if invoked as `sh'. + It has been reported to work on Linux. It will make your system + vulnerable to bogus system(3) calls in setuid executables. + +--- ../bash-2.0.orig/shell.c Wed Dec 18 14:16:30 1996 ++++ shell.c Fri Mar 7 13:12:03 1997 +@@ -347,7 +347,7 @@ + if (posixly_correct) + posix_initialize (posixly_correct); + +- if (running_setuid && privileged_mode == 0) ++ if (running_setuid && privileged_mode == 0 && act_like_sh == 0) + disable_priv_mode (); + + /* Need to get the argument to a -c option processed in the + +8. Some people have asked about binding all of the keys in a PC-keyboard- + style numeric keypad to readline functions. Here's something I + received from the gnu-win32 list that may help. Insert the following + lines into ~/.inputrc: + +# home key +"\e[1~":beginning-of-line +# insert key +"\e[2~":kill-whole-line +# del key +"\e[3~":delete-char +# end key +"\e[4~":end-of-line +# pgup key +"\e[5~":history-search-forward +# pgdn key +"\e[6~":history-search-backward + +9. Hints for building under Minix 2.0 (Contributed by Terry R. McConnell, + <tmc@barnyard.syr.edu>) + + The version of /bin/sh distributed with Minix is not up to the job of + running the configure script. The easiest solution is to swap /bin/sh + with /usr/bin/ash. Then use chmem(1) to increase the memory allocated + to /bin/sh. The following settings are known to work: + + text data bss stack memory + 63552 9440 3304 65536 141832 /bin/sh + + If you have problems with make or yacc it may be worthwhile first to + install the GNU versions of these utilities before attempting to build + bash. (As of this writing, all of these utilities are available for the + i386 as pre-built binaries via anonymous ftp at math.syr.edu in the + pub/mcconnell/minix directory. Note that the GNU version of yacc is called + bison.) + + Unless you want to see lots of warnings about old-style declarations, + do LOCAL_CFLAGS=-wo; export LOCAL_CFLAGS before running configure. + (These warnings are harmless, but annoying.) + + configure will insist that you supply a host type. For example, do + ./configure --host=i386-pc-minix. + + Minix does not support the system calls required for a proper + implementation of ulimit(). The `ulimit' builtin will not be available. + + Configure will fail to notice that many things like uid_t are indeed + typedef'd in <sys/types.h>, because it uses egrep for this purpose + and minix has no egrep. You could try making a link /usr/bin/egrep --> + /usr/bin/grep. Better is to install the GNU version of grep in + /usr/local/bin and make the link /usr/local/bin/egrep -->/usr/local/bin/grep. + (These must be hard links, of course, since Minix does not support + symbolic links.) + + You will see many warnings of the form: + warning: unknown s_type: 98 + I have no idea what this means, but it doesn't seem to matter. + +10. If you do not have /usr/ccs/bin in your PATH when building on SunOS 5.x + (Solaris 2), the configure script will be unable to find `ar' and + `ranlib' (of course, ranlib is unnecessary). Make sure your $PATH + includes /usr/ccs/bin on SunOS 5.x. This generally manifests itself + with libraries not being built and make reporting errors like + `cr: not found' when library construction is attempted. + +11. Building a statically-linked bash on Solaris 2.5.x, 2.6, 7, or 8 is + complicated. + + It's not possible to build a completely statically-linked binary, since + part of the C library depends on dynamic linking. The following recipe + assumes that you're using gcc and the Solaris ld (/usr/ccs/bin/ld) on + Solaris 2.5.x or 2.6: + + configure --enable-static-link + make STATIC_LD= LOCAL_LIBS='-Wl,-B,dynamic -ldl -Wl,-B,static' + + This should result in a bash binary that depends only on libdl.so: + + thor(2)$ ldd bash + libdl.so.1 => /usr/lib/libdl.so.1 + + If you're using the Sun C Compiler (Sun WorkShop C Compiler version + 4.2 was what I used), you should be able to get away with using + + configure --enable-static-link + make STATIC_LD= LOCAL_LIBS='-B dynamic -ldl -B static' + + If you want to completely remove any dependence on /usr, perhaps + to put a copy of bash in /sbin and have it available when /usr is + not mounted, force the build process to use the shared dl.so library + in /etc/lib. + + For gcc, this would be something like + + configure --enable-static-link + make STATIC_LD= LOCAL_LIBS='-Wl,-B,dynamic -Wl,-R/etc/lib -ldl -Wl,-B,static' + + For Sun's WS4.2 cc + + configure --enable-static-link + make STATIC_LD= LOCAL_LIBS='-B dynamic -R/etc/lib -ldl -B static' + + seems to work, at least on Solaris 2.5.1: + + thor(2)$ ldd bash + libdl.so.1 => /etc/lib/libdl.so.1 + + On Solaris 7 (Solaris 8, using the version of gcc on the free software + CD-ROM), the following recipe appears to work for gcc: + + configure --enable-static-link + make STATIC_LD='-Wl,-Bstatic' LOCAL_LIBS='-Wl,-Bdynamic -Wl,-R/etc/lib -ldl -Wl,-Bstatic' + + thor.ins.cwru.edu(2)$ ldd bash + libdl.so.1 => /etc/lib/libdl.so.1 + + Make the analogous changes if you are running Sun's C Compiler. + + I have received word that adding -L/etc/lib (or the equivalent + -Wl,-L/etc/lib) might also be necessary, in addition to the -R/etc/lib. + + On later versions of Solaris, it may be necessary to add -lnsl before + -ldl; statically-linked versions of bash using libnsl are not guaranteed + to work correctly on future versions of Solaris. + +12. Configuring bash to build it in a cross environment. Currently only + two native versions can be compiled this way, cygwin32 and x86 BeOS. + For BeOS, you would configure it like this: + + export RANLIB=i586-beos-ranlib + export AR=i586-beos-ar + export CC=i586-beos-gcc + configure i586-beos + + Similarly for cygwin32. + +13. Bash-2.05 has reverted to the bash-2.03 behavior of honoring the current + locale setting when processing ranges within pattern matching bracket + expressions ([A-Z]). This is what POSIX.2 and SUSv2 specify. + + The behavior of the matcher in bash-2.05 depends on the current LC_COLLATE + setting. Setting this variable to `C' or `POSIX' will result in the + traditional behavior ([A-Z] matches all uppercase ASCII characters). + Many other locales, including the en_US locale (the default on many US + versions of Linux) collate the upper and lower case letters like this: + + AaBb...Zz + + which means that [A-Z] matches every letter except `z'. + + The portable way to specify upper case letters is [:upper:] instead of + A-Z; lower case may be specified as [:lower:] instead of a-z. + + Look at the manual pages for setlocale(3), strcoll(3), and, if it is + present, locale(1). If you have locale(1), you can use it to find + your current locale information even if you do not have any of the + LC_ variables set. + + My advice is to put + + export LC_COLLATE=C + + into /etc/profile and inspect any shell scripts run from cron for + constructs like [A-Z]. This will prevent things like + + rm [A-Z]* + + from removing every file in the current directory except those beginning + with `z' and still allow individual users to change the collation order. + Users may put the above command into their own profiles as well, of course. + +14. Building on Interix (nee OpenNT), which Microsoft bought from Softway + Systems and has seemingly abandoned (thanks to Kevin Moore for this item). + + 1. cp cross-build/opennt.cache config.cache + + 2. If desired, edit pathnames.h to set the values of SYS_PROFILE and + DEFAULT_HOSTS_FILE appropriately. + + 3. export CONFIG_SHELL=$INTERIX_ROOT/bin/sh + + 4. ./configure --prefix=$INTERIX_ROOT/usr/local (or wherever you + want it). + + 5. make; make install; enjoy + +15. Configure with `CC=xlc' if you don't have gcc on AIX 4.2 and later + versions. `xlc' running in `cc' mode has trouble compiling error.c. + +16. Configure --disable-multibyte on NetBSD versions (1.4 through at least + 1.6.1) that include wctype.h but do not define wctype_t. + +17. Do NOT use bison-1.75. It builds a non-working parser. The most + obvious effect is that constructs like "for i; do echo $i; done" don't + loop over the positional parameters. + +18. I have received reports that using -O2 with the MIPSpro results in a + binary that fails in strange ways. Using -O1 seems to work. + +19. There is special handling to ensure the shell links against static + versions of the included readline and history libraries on Mac OS X; + Apple ships inadequate dynamic libreadline and libhistory "replacements" + as standard libraries. + +20. If you're on a system like SGI Irix, and you get an error about not + being able to refer to a dynamic symbol + (ld: non-dynamic relocations refer to dynamic symbol PC), add + -DNEED_EXTERN_PC to the LOCAL_CFLAGS variable in lib/readline/Makefile.in + and rebuild. |