6 files changed, 597 insertions, 10 deletions

diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/Bitmap.cpp b/core/jni/android/graphics/Bitmap.cpp
index f5fe086..0e5c88c 100755
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/Bitmap.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/Bitmap.cpp
@@ -150,12 +150,12 @@ Bitmap::Bitmap(void* address, void* context, FreeFunc freeFunc,
     mPixelRef->unref();
 }
 
-Bitmap::Bitmap(void* address, int fd,
+Bitmap::Bitmap(void* address, int fd, size_t mappedSize,
             const SkImageInfo& info, size_t rowBytes, SkColorTable* ctable)
         : mPixelStorageType(PixelStorageType::Ashmem) {
     mPixelStorage.ashmem.address = address;
     mPixelStorage.ashmem.fd = fd;
-    mPixelStorage.ashmem.size = ashmem_get_size_region(fd);
+    mPixelStorage.ashmem.size = mappedSize;
     mPixelRef.reset(new WrappedPixelRef(this, address, info, rowBytes, ctable));
     // Note: this will trigger a call to onStrongRefDestroyed(), but
     // we want the pixel ref to have a ref count of 0 at this point
@@ -1015,7 +1015,7 @@ static jobject Bitmap_createFromParcel(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject parcel) {
 
         // Map the pixels in place and take ownership of the ashmem region.
         nativeBitmap = GraphicsJNI::mapAshmemPixelRef(env, bitmap.get(),
-                ctable, dupFd, const_cast<void*>(blob.data()), !isMutable);
+                ctable, dupFd, const_cast<void*>(blob.data()), size, !isMutable);
         SkSafeUnref(ctable);
         if (!nativeBitmap) {
             close(dupFd);
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/Bitmap.h b/core/jni/android/graphics/Bitmap.h
index eadba5c..aaea178 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/Bitmap.h
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/Bitmap.h
@@ -51,8 +51,8 @@ public:
             const SkImageInfo& info, size_t rowBytes, SkColorTable* ctable);
     Bitmap(void* address, void* context, FreeFunc freeFunc,
             const SkImageInfo& info, size_t rowBytes, SkColorTable* ctable);
-    Bitmap(void* address, int fd, const SkImageInfo& info, size_t rowBytes,
-            SkColorTable* ctable);
+    Bitmap(void* address, int fd, size_t mappedSize, const SkImageInfo& info,
+            size_t rowBytes, SkColorTable* ctable);
 
     const SkImageInfo& info() const;
 
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/Graphics.cpp b/core/jni/android/graphics/Graphics.cpp
index 93259e7..b669871 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/Graphics.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/Graphics.cpp
@@ -613,7 +613,7 @@ android::Bitmap* GraphicsJNI::allocateAshmemPixelRef(JNIEnv* env, SkBitmap* bitm
         return nullptr;
     }
 
-    android::Bitmap* wrapper = new android::Bitmap(addr, fd, info, rowBytes, ctable);
+    android::Bitmap* wrapper = new android::Bitmap(addr, fd, size, info, rowBytes, ctable);
     wrapper->getSkBitmap(bitmap);
     // since we're already allocated, we lockPixels right away
     // HeapAllocator behaves this way too
@@ -623,7 +623,7 @@ android::Bitmap* GraphicsJNI::allocateAshmemPixelRef(JNIEnv* env, SkBitmap* bitm
 }
 
 android::Bitmap* GraphicsJNI::mapAshmemPixelRef(JNIEnv* env, SkBitmap* bitmap,
-        SkColorTable* ctable, int fd, void* addr, bool readOnly) {
+        SkColorTable* ctable, int fd, void* addr, size_t size, bool readOnly) {
     const SkImageInfo& info = bitmap->info();
     if (info.fColorType == kUnknown_SkColorType) {
         doThrowIAE(env, "unknown bitmap configuration");
@@ -633,7 +633,8 @@ android::Bitmap* GraphicsJNI::mapAshmemPixelRef(JNIEnv* env, SkBitmap* bitmap,
     if (!addr) {
         // Map existing ashmem region if not already mapped.
         int flags = readOnly ? (PROT_READ) : (PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE);
-        addr = mmap(NULL, ashmem_get_size_region(fd), flags, MAP_SHARED, fd, 0);
+        size = ashmem_get_size_region(fd);
+        addr = mmap(NULL, size, flags, MAP_SHARED, fd, 0);
         if (addr == MAP_FAILED) {
             return nullptr;
         }
@@ -643,7 +644,7 @@ android::Bitmap* GraphicsJNI::mapAshmemPixelRef(JNIEnv* env, SkBitmap* bitmap,
     // attempting to compute our own.
     const size_t rowBytes = bitmap->rowBytes();
 
-    android::Bitmap* wrapper = new android::Bitmap(addr, fd, info, rowBytes, ctable);
+    android::Bitmap* wrapper = new android::Bitmap(addr, fd, size, info, rowBytes, ctable);
     wrapper->getSkBitmap(bitmap);
     if (readOnly) {
         bitmap->pixelRef()->setImmutable();
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/GraphicsJNI.h b/core/jni/android/graphics/GraphicsJNI.h
index bcd834b..b1d66b7 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/GraphicsJNI.h
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/GraphicsJNI.h
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ public:
             SkColorTable* ctable);
 
     static android::Bitmap* mapAshmemPixelRef(JNIEnv* env, SkBitmap* bitmap,
-            SkColorTable* ctable, int fd, void* addr, bool readOnly);
+            SkColorTable* ctable, int fd, void* addr, size_t size, bool readOnly);
 
     /**
      * Given a bitmap we natively allocate a memory block to store the contents
diff --git a/core/jni/com_android_internal_os_Zygote.cpp b/core/jni/com_android_internal_os_Zygote.cpp
index ac64edf..4f90bd9 100644
--- a/core/jni/com_android_internal_os_Zygote.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/com_android_internal_os_Zygote.cpp
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
 
 #define LOG_TAG "Zygote"
 
+#include <sstream>
+
 // sys/mount.h has to come before linux/fs.h due to redefinition of MS_RDONLY, MS_BIND, etc
 #include <sys/mount.h>
 #include <linux/fs.h>
@@ -53,6 +55,7 @@
 #include "ScopedLocalRef.h"
 #include "ScopedPrimitiveArray.h"
 #include "ScopedUtfChars.h"
+#include "fd_utils-inl.h"
 
 #include "nativebridge/native_bridge.h"
 
@@ -78,6 +81,12 @@ static void RuntimeAbort(JNIEnv* env) {
   env->FatalError("RuntimeAbort");
 }
 
+static void RuntimeAbort(JNIEnv* env, int line, const char* msg) {
+  std::ostringstream oss;
+  oss << __FILE__ << ":" << line << ": " << msg;
+  env->FatalError(oss.str().c_str());
+}
+
 // This signal handler is for zygote mode, since the zygote must reap its children
 static void SigChldHandler(int /*signal_number*/) {
   pid_t pid;
@@ -439,6 +448,9 @@ static void SetForkLoad(bool boost) {
 }
 #endif
 
+// The list of open zygote file descriptors.
+static FileDescriptorTable* gOpenFdTable = NULL;
+
 // Utility routine to fork zygote and specialize the child process.
 static pid_t ForkAndSpecializeCommon(JNIEnv* env, uid_t uid, gid_t gid, jintArray javaGids,
                                      jint debug_flags, jobjectArray javaRlimits,
@@ -453,6 +465,22 @@ static pid_t ForkAndSpecializeCommon(JNIEnv* env, uid_t uid, gid_t gid, jintArra
   SetForkLoad(true);
 #endif
 
+  // Close any logging related FDs before we start evaluating the list of
+  // file descriptors.
+  __android_log_close();
+
+  // If this is the first fork for this zygote, create the open FD table.
+  // If it isn't, we just need to check whether the list of open files has
+  // changed (and it shouldn't in the normal case).
+  if (gOpenFdTable == NULL) {
+    gOpenFdTable = FileDescriptorTable::Create();
+    if (gOpenFdTable == NULL) {
+      RuntimeAbort(env, __LINE__, "Unable to construct file descriptor table.");
+    }
+  } else if (!gOpenFdTable->Restat()) {
+    RuntimeAbort(env, __LINE__, "Unable to restat file descriptor table.");
+  }
+
   pid_t pid = fork();
 
   if (pid == 0) {
@@ -462,6 +490,12 @@ static pid_t ForkAndSpecializeCommon(JNIEnv* env, uid_t uid, gid_t gid, jintArra
     // Clean up any descriptors which must be closed immediately
     DetachDescriptors(env, fdsToClose);
 
+    // Re-open all remaining open file descriptors so that they aren't shared
+    // with the zygote across a fork.
+    if (!gOpenFdTable->ReopenOrDetach()) {
+      RuntimeAbort(env, __LINE__, "Unable to reopen whitelisted descriptors.");
+    }
+
     // Keep capabilities across UID change, unless we're staying root.
     if (uid != 0) {
       EnableKeepCapabilities(env);
diff --git a/core/jni/fd_utils-inl.h b/core/jni/fd_utils-inl.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a348745
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/jni/fd_utils-inl.h
@@ -0,0 +1,552 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <string>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <set>
+#include <vector>
+#include <algorithm>
+
+#include <dirent.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <grp.h>
+#include <inttypes.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/un.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include <cutils/log.h>
+#include "JNIHelp.h"
+#include "ScopedPrimitiveArray.h"
+
+// Whitelist of open paths that the zygote is allowed to keep open.
+//
+// In addition to the paths listed here, all files ending with
+// ".jar" under /system/framework" are whitelisted. See
+// FileDescriptorInfo::IsWhitelisted for the canonical definition.
+//
+// If the whitelisted path is associated with a regular file or a
+// character device, the file is reopened after a fork with the same
+// offset and mode. If the whilelisted  path is associated with a
+// AF_UNIX socket, the socket will refer to /dev/null after each
+// fork, and all operations on it will fail.
+static const char* kPathWhitelist[] = {
+  "/dev/__properties__",  /* Only on Android Lollipop and below. */
+  "/dev/null",
+  "/dev/socket/zygote",
+  "/dev/socket/zygote_secondary",
+  "/system/etc/event-log-tags",
+  "/sys/kernel/debug/tracing/trace_marker",
+  "/system/framework/framework-res.apk",
+  "/dev/urandom",
+  "/dev/ion",
+  "@netlink@"
+};
+
+static const char* kFdPath = "/proc/self/fd";
+
+// Keeps track of all relevant information (flags, offset etc.) of an
+// open zygote file descriptor.
+class FileDescriptorInfo {
+ public:
+  // Create a FileDescriptorInfo for a given file descriptor. Returns
+  // |NULL| if an error occurred.
+  static FileDescriptorInfo* createFromFd(int fd) {
+    struct stat f_stat;
+    // This should never happen; the zygote should always have the right set
+    // of permissions required to stat all its open files.
+    if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(fstat(fd, &f_stat)) == -1) {
+      ALOGE("Unable to stat fd %d : %s", fd, strerror(errno));
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+    if (S_ISSOCK(f_stat.st_mode)) {
+      std::string socket_name;
+      if (!GetSocketName(fd, &socket_name)) {
+        return NULL;
+      }
+
+      if (!IsWhitelisted(socket_name)) {
+        ALOGE("Socket name not whitelisted : %s (fd=%d)", socket_name.c_str(), fd);
+        return NULL;
+      }
+
+      return new FileDescriptorInfo(fd);
+    }
+
+    // We only handle whitelisted regular files and character devices. Whitelisted
+    // character devices must provide a guarantee of sensible behaviour when
+    // reopened.
+    //
+    // S_ISDIR : Not supported. (We could if we wanted to, but it's unused).
+    // S_ISLINK : Not supported.
+    // S_ISBLK : Not supported.
+    // S_ISFIFO : Not supported. Note that the zygote uses pipes to communicate
+    // with the child process across forks but those should have been closed
+    // before we got to this point.
+    if (!S_ISCHR(f_stat.st_mode) && !S_ISREG(f_stat.st_mode)) {
+      ALOGE("Unsupported st_mode %d", f_stat.st_mode);
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+    std::string file_path;
+    if (!Readlink(fd, &file_path)) {
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+    if (!IsWhitelisted(file_path)) {
+      ALOGE("Not whitelisted : %s", file_path.c_str());
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+    // File descriptor flags : currently on FD_CLOEXEC. We can set these
+    // using F_SETFD - we're single threaded at this point of execution so
+    // there won't be any races.
+    const int fd_flags = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(fcntl(fd, F_GETFD));
+    if (fd_flags == -1) {
+      ALOGE("Failed fcntl(%d, F_GETFD) : %s", fd, strerror(errno));
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+    // File status flags :
+    // - File access mode : (O_RDONLY, O_WRONLY...) we'll pass these through
+    //   to the open() call.
+    //
+    // - File creation flags : (O_CREAT, O_EXCL...) - there's not much we can
+    //   do about these, since the file has already been created. We shall ignore
+    //   them here.
+    //
+    // - Other flags : We'll have to set these via F_SETFL. On linux, F_SETFL
+    //   can only set O_APPEND, O_ASYNC, O_DIRECT, O_NOATIME, and O_NONBLOCK.
+    //   In particular, it can't set O_SYNC and O_DSYNC. We'll have to test for
+    //   their presence and pass them in to open().
+    int fs_flags = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(fcntl(fd, F_GETFL));
+    if (fs_flags == -1) {
+      ALOGE("Failed fcntl(%d, F_GETFL) : %s", fd, strerror(errno));
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+    // File offset : Ignore the offset for non seekable files.
+    const off_t offset = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(lseek64(fd, 0, SEEK_CUR));
+
+    // We pass the flags that open accepts to open, and use F_SETFL for
+    // the rest of them.
+    static const int kOpenFlags = (O_RDONLY | O_WRONLY | O_RDWR | O_DSYNC | O_SYNC);
+    int open_flags = fs_flags & (kOpenFlags);
+    fs_flags = fs_flags & (~(kOpenFlags));
+
+    return new FileDescriptorInfo(f_stat, file_path, fd, open_flags, fd_flags, fs_flags, offset);
+  }
+
+  // Checks whether the file descriptor associated with this object
+  // refers to the same description.
+  bool Restat() const {
+    struct stat f_stat;
+    if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(fstat(fd, &f_stat)) == -1) {
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    return f_stat.st_ino == stat.st_ino && f_stat.st_dev == stat.st_dev;
+  }
+
+  bool ReopenOrDetach() const {
+    if (is_sock) {
+      return DetachSocket();
+    }
+
+    // NOTE: This might happen if the file was unlinked after being opened.
+    // It's a common pattern in the case of temporary files and the like but
+    // we should not allow such usage from the zygote.
+    const int new_fd = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(open(file_path.c_str(), open_flags));
+
+    if (new_fd == -1) {
+      ALOGE("Failed open(%s, %d) : %s", file_path.c_str(), open_flags, strerror(errno));
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(fcntl(new_fd, F_SETFD, fd_flags)) == -1) {
+      close(new_fd);
+      ALOGE("Failed fcntl(%d, F_SETFD, %x) : %s", new_fd, fd_flags, strerror(errno));
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(fcntl(new_fd, F_SETFL, fs_flags)) == -1) {
+      close(new_fd);
+      ALOGE("Failed fcntl(%d, F_SETFL, %x) : %s", new_fd, fs_flags, strerror(errno));
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    if (offset != -1 && TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(lseek64(new_fd, offset, SEEK_SET)) == -1) {
+      close(new_fd);
+      ALOGE("Failed lseek64(%d, SEEK_SET) : %s", new_fd, strerror(errno));
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(dup2(new_fd, fd)) == -1) {
+      close(new_fd);
+      ALOGE("Failed dup2(%d, %d) : %s", fd, new_fd, strerror(errno));
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    close(new_fd);
+
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  const int fd;
+  const struct stat stat;
+  const std::string file_path;
+  const int open_flags;
+  const int fd_flags;
+  const int fs_flags;
+  const off_t offset;
+  const bool is_sock;
+
+ private:
+  FileDescriptorInfo(int fd) :
+    fd(fd),
+    stat(),
+    open_flags(0),
+    fd_flags(0),
+    fs_flags(0),
+    offset(0),
+    is_sock(true) {
+  }
+
+  FileDescriptorInfo(struct stat stat, const std::string& file_path, int fd, int open_flags,
+                     int fd_flags, int fs_flags, off_t offset) :
+    fd(fd),
+    stat(stat),
+    file_path(file_path),
+    open_flags(open_flags),
+    fd_flags(fd_flags),
+    fs_flags(fs_flags),
+    offset(offset),
+    is_sock(false) {
+  }
+
+  // Returns true iff. a given path is whitelisted. A path is whitelisted
+  // if it belongs to the whitelist (see kPathWhitelist) or if it's a path
+  // under /system/framework that ends with ".jar".
+  static bool IsWhitelisted(const std::string& path) {
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < (sizeof(kPathWhitelist) / sizeof(kPathWhitelist[0])); ++i) {
+      if (kPathWhitelist[i] == path) {
+        return true;
+      }
+    }
+
+    static const std::string kFrameworksPrefix = "/system/framework/";
+    static const std::string kJarSuffix = ".jar";
+    if (path.compare(0, kFrameworksPrefix.size(), kFrameworksPrefix) == 0 &&
+        path.compare(path.size() - kJarSuffix.size(), kJarSuffix.size(), kJarSuffix) == 0) {
+      return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // TODO: Call android::base::Readlink instead of copying the code here.
+  static bool Readlink(const int fd, std::string* result) {
+    char path[64];
+    snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "/proc/self/fd/%d", fd);
+
+    // Code copied from android::base::Readlink starts here :
+
+    // Annoyingly, the readlink system call returns EINVAL for a zero-sized buffer,
+    // and truncates to whatever size you do supply, so it can't be used to query.
+    // We could call lstat first, but that would introduce a race condition that
+    // we couldn't detect.
+    // ext2 and ext4 both have PAGE_SIZE limitations, so we assume that here.
+    char buf[4096];
+    ssize_t len = readlink(path, buf, sizeof(buf));
+    if (len == -1) return false;
+
+    result->assign(buf, len);
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  // Returns the locally-bound name of the socket |fd|. Returns true
+  // iff. all of the following hold :
+  //
+  // - the socket's sa_family is AF_UNIX.
+  // - the length of the path is greater than zero (i.e, not an unnamed socket).
+  // - the first byte of the path isn't zero (i.e, not a socket with an abstract
+  //   address).
+  static bool GetSocketName(const int fd, std::string* result) {
+    sockaddr_storage ss;
+    sockaddr* addr = reinterpret_cast<sockaddr*>(&ss);
+    socklen_t addr_len = sizeof(ss);
+
+    if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(getsockname(fd, addr, &addr_len)) == -1) {
+      ALOGE("Failed getsockname(%d) : %s", fd, strerror(errno));
+      return false;
+    }
+
+
+    if (addr->sa_family == AF_NETLINK) {
+      (*result) = "@netlink@";
+      return true;
+    }
+
+    if (addr->sa_family != AF_UNIX) {
+      ALOGE("Unsupported socket (fd=%d) with family %d", fd, addr->sa_family);
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    const sockaddr_un* unix_addr = reinterpret_cast<const sockaddr_un*>(&ss);
+
+    size_t path_len = addr_len - offsetof(struct sockaddr_un, sun_path);
+    // This is an unnamed local socket, we do not accept it.
+    if (path_len == 0) {
+      ALOGE("Unsupported AF_UNIX socket (fd=%d) with empty path.", fd);
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    // This is a local socket with an abstract address, we do not accept it.
+    if (unix_addr->sun_path[0] == '\0') {
+      ALOGE("Unsupported AF_UNIX socket (fd=%d) with abstract address.", fd);
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    // If we're here, sun_path must refer to a null terminated filesystem
+    // pathname (man 7 unix). Remove the terminator before assigning it to an
+    // std::string.
+    if (unix_addr->sun_path[path_len - 1] ==  '\0') {
+      --path_len;
+    }
+
+    result->assign(unix_addr->sun_path, path_len);
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  bool DetachSocket() const {
+    const int dev_null_fd = open("/dev/null", O_RDWR);
+    if (dev_null_fd < 0) {
+      ALOGE("Failed to open /dev/null : %s", strerror(errno));
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    if (dup2(dev_null_fd, fd) == -1) {
+      ALOGE("Failed dup2 on socket descriptor %d : %s", fd, strerror(errno));
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    if (close(dev_null_fd) == -1) {
+      ALOGE("Failed close(%d) : %s", dev_null_fd, strerror(errno));
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    return true;
+  }
+
+
+  // DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(FileDescriptorInfo);
+  FileDescriptorInfo(const FileDescriptorInfo&);
+  void operator=(const FileDescriptorInfo&);
+};
+
+// A FileDescriptorTable is a collection of FileDescriptorInfo objects
+// keyed by their FDs.
+class FileDescriptorTable {
+ public:
+  // Creates a new FileDescriptorTable. This function scans
+  // /proc/self/fd for the list of open file descriptors and collects
+  // information about them. Returns NULL if an error occurs.
+  static FileDescriptorTable* Create() {
+    DIR* d = opendir(kFdPath);
+    if (d == NULL) {
+      ALOGE("Unable to open directory %s: %s", kFdPath, strerror(errno));
+      return NULL;
+    }
+    int dir_fd = dirfd(d);
+    dirent* e;
+
+    std::unordered_map<int, FileDescriptorInfo*> open_fd_map;
+    while ((e = readdir(d)) != NULL) {
+      const int fd = ParseFd(e, dir_fd);
+      if (fd == -1) {
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      FileDescriptorInfo* info = FileDescriptorInfo::createFromFd(fd);
+      if (info == NULL) {
+        if (closedir(d) == -1) {
+          ALOGE("Unable to close directory : %s", strerror(errno));
+        }
+        return NULL;
+      }
+      open_fd_map[fd] = info;
+    }
+
+    if (closedir(d) == -1) {
+      ALOGE("Unable to close directory : %s", strerror(errno));
+      return NULL;
+    }
+    return new FileDescriptorTable(open_fd_map);
+  }
+
+  bool Restat() {
+    std::set<int> open_fds;
+
+    // First get the list of open descriptors.
+    DIR* d = opendir(kFdPath);
+    if (d == NULL) {
+      ALOGE("Unable to open directory %s: %s", kFdPath, strerror(errno));
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    int dir_fd = dirfd(d);
+    dirent* e;
+    while ((e = readdir(d)) != NULL) {
+      const int fd = ParseFd(e, dir_fd);
+      if (fd == -1) {
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      open_fds.insert(fd);
+    }
+
+    if (closedir(d) == -1) {
+      ALOGE("Unable to close directory : %s", strerror(errno));
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    return RestatInternal(open_fds);
+  }
+
+  // Reopens all file descriptors that are contained in the table. Returns true
+  // if all descriptors were successfully re-opened or detached, and false if an
+  // error occurred.
+  bool ReopenOrDetach() {
+    std::unordered_map<int, FileDescriptorInfo*>::const_iterator it;
+    for (it = open_fd_map_.begin(); it != open_fd_map_.end(); ++it) {
+      const FileDescriptorInfo* info = it->second;
+      if (info == NULL || !info->ReopenOrDetach()) {
+        return false;
+      }
+    }
+
+    return true;
+  }
+
+ private:
+  FileDescriptorTable(const std::unordered_map<int, FileDescriptorInfo*>& map)
+      : open_fd_map_(map) {
+  }
+
+  bool RestatInternal(std::set<int>& open_fds) {
+    bool error = false;
+
+    // Iterate through the list of file descriptors we've already recorded
+    // and check whether :
+    //
+    // (a) they continue to be open.
+    // (b) they refer to the same file.
+    std::unordered_map<int, FileDescriptorInfo*>::iterator it = open_fd_map_.begin();
+    while (it != open_fd_map_.end()) {
+      std::set<int>::const_iterator element = open_fds.find(it->first);
+      if (element == open_fds.end()) {
+        // The entry from the file descriptor table is no longer in the list
+        // of open files. We warn about this condition and remove it from
+        // the list of FDs under consideration.
+        //
+        // TODO(narayan): This will be an error in a future android release.
+        // error = true;
+        // ALOGW("Zygote closed file descriptor %d.", it->first);
+        it = open_fd_map_.erase(it);
+      } else {
+        // The entry from the file descriptor table is still open. Restat
+        // it and check whether it refers to the same file.
+        const bool same_file = it->second->Restat();
+        if (!same_file) {
+          // The file descriptor refers to a different description. We must
+          // update our entry in the table.
+          delete it->second;
+          it->second = FileDescriptorInfo::createFromFd(*element);
+          if (it->second == NULL) {
+            // The descriptor no longer no longer refers to a whitelisted file.
+            // We flag an error and remove it from the list of files we're
+            // tracking.
+            error = true;
+            it = open_fd_map_.erase(it);
+          } else {
+            // Successfully restatted the file, move on to the next open FD.
+            ++it;
+          }
+        } else {
+          // It's the same file. Nothing to do here. Move on to the next open
+          // FD.
+          ++it;
+        }
+
+        // Finally, remove the FD from the set of open_fds. We do this last because
+        // |element| will not remain valid after a call to erase.
+        open_fds.erase(*element);
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (open_fds.size() > 0) {
+      // The zygote has opened new file descriptors since our last inspection.
+      // We warn about this condition and add them to our table.
+      //
+      // TODO(narayan): This will be an error in a future android release.
+      // error = true;
+      // ALOGW("Zygote opened %zd new file descriptor(s).", open_fds.size());
+
+      // TODO(narayan): This code will be removed in a future android release.
+      std::set<int>::const_iterator it;
+      for (it = open_fds.begin(); it != open_fds.end(); ++it) {
+        const int fd = (*it);
+        FileDescriptorInfo* info = FileDescriptorInfo::createFromFd(fd);
+        if (info == NULL) {
+          // A newly opened file is not on the whitelist. Flag an error and
+          // continue.
+          error = true;
+        } else {
+          // Track the newly opened file.
+          open_fd_map_[fd] = info;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    return !error;
+  }
+
+  static int ParseFd(dirent* e, int dir_fd) {
+    char* end;
+    const int fd = strtol(e->d_name, &end, 10);
+    if ((*end) != '\0') {
+      return -1;
+    }
+
+    // Don't bother with the standard input/output/error, they're handled
+    // specially post-fork anyway.
+    if (fd <= STDERR_FILENO || fd == dir_fd) {
+      return -1;
+    }
+
+    return fd;
+  }
+
+  // Invariant: All values in this unordered_map are non-NULL.
+  std::unordered_map<int, FileDescriptorInfo*> open_fd_map_;
+
+  // DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(FileDescriptorTable);
+  FileDescriptorTable(const FileDescriptorTable&);
+  void operator=(const FileDescriptorTable&);
+};