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+page.title=ExoPlayer
+page.tags="audio","video","adaptive","streaming","DASH","smoothstreaming"
+@jd:body
+
+<div id="qv-wrapper">
+ <div id="qv">
+ <h2>In this document</h2>
+ <ol>
+ <li><a href="#overview">Overview</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#trackrenderer">TrackRenderer</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#samplesource">SampleSource</a>
+ <ol>
+ <li><a href="#mediaextractor">Providing media using MediaExtractor</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#adaptive-playback">Providing media for adaptive playback</a>
+ <ol>
+ <li><a href="#format-selection">Format selection for adaptive playback</a></li>
+ </ol>
+ </li>
+ </ol>
+ <li><a href="#events">Player Events</a>
+ <ol>
+ <li><a href="#high-events">High level events</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#low-events">Low level events</a></li>
+ </ol>
+ </li>
+ <li><a href="#sending-messages">Sending messages to components</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#customizing">Customizing ExoPlayer</a>
+ <ol>
+ <li><a href="#custom-guidelines">Custom component guidelines</a></li>
+ </ol>
+ </li>
+ <li><a href="#drm">Digital Rights Management</a></li>
+ </ol>
+ <h2>Key Classes</h2>
+ <ol>
+ <li>{@link android.media.MediaCodec}</li>
+ <li>{@link android.media.MediaExtractor}</li>
+ <li>{@link android.media.AudioTrack}</li>
+ </ol>
+ <h2>Related Samples</h2>
+ <ol>
+ <li><a class="external-link" href="https://github.com/google/ExoPlayer">
+ ExoPlayer Project</a></li>
+ <li><a class="external-link" href="http://google.github.io/ExoPlayer/doc/reference/packages.html">
+ Class Reference</a></li>
+ </ol>
+ </div>
+</div>
+
+
+<p>Playing videos and music is a popular activity on Android devices. The Android framework
+ provides {@link android.media.MediaPlayer} as a quick solution for playing media with minimal
+ code, and the {@link android.media.MediaCodec} and {@link android.media.MediaExtractor} classes
+ are provided for building custom media players. The open source project, ExoPlayer, is a
+ solution between these two options, providing a pre-built player that you can extend.</p>
+
+<p>ExoPlayer supports features not currently provided by
+ {@link android.media.MediaPlayer}, including Dynamic adaptive streaming
+ over HTTP (DASH), SmoothStreaming, and persistent caching. ExoPlayer can be extended
+ to handle additional media formats, and because you include it as part of your app code,
+ you can update it along with your app.</p>
+
+<p>This guide describes how to use ExoPlayer for playing Android supported media formats, as well as
+ DASH and SmoothStreaming playback. This guide also discusses ExoPlayer events, messages, DRM
+ support and guidelines for customizing the player.</p>
+
+<p class="note">
+ <strong>Note:</strong> ExoPlayer is an open source project that is not part of the Android
+ framework and is distributed separately from the Android SDK. The project contains a library and
+ a demo app that shows both simple and more advanced use of ExoPlayer:</p>
+
+<ul>
+ <li><a class="external-link" href="https://github.com/google/ExoPlayer/tree/master/library">
+ ExoPlayer Library</a> &mdash; This part of the project contains the core library classes.</li>
+ <li><a class="external-link" href="https://github.com/google/ExoPlayer/tree/master/demo/src/main/java/com/google/android/exoplayer/demo/simple">
+ Simple Demo</a> &mdash; This part of the app demonstrates a basic use of ExoPlayer.</li>
+ <li><a class="external-link" href="https://github.com/google/ExoPlayer/tree/master/demo/src/main/java/com/google/android/exoplayer/demo/full">
+ Full Demo</a> &mdash; This part of the app demonstrates more advanced features,
+ including the ability to select between multiple audio tracks, a background audio mode,
+ event logging and DRM protected playback. </li>
+</ul>
+
+
+<h2 id="overview">Overview</h2>
+
+<p>ExoPlayer is a media player built on top of the {@link android.media.MediaExtractor} and
+ {@link android.media.MediaCodec} APIs released in Android 4.1 (API level 16). At the core of this
+ library is the {@code ExoPlayer} class. This class maintains the player’s global state, but makes few
+ assumptions about the nature of the media being played, such as how the media data is obtained,
+ how it is buffered or its format. You inject this functionality through ExoPlayer’s {@code
+ prepare()} method in the form of {@code TrackRenderer} objects.</p>
+
+<p>ExoPlayer provides default {@code TrackRenderer} implementations for audio and
+ video, which make use of the {@link android.media.MediaCodec} and {@link android.media.AudioTrack}
+ classes in the Android framework. Both renderers require a {@code SampleSource} object, from which
+ they obtain individual media samples for playback. Figure 1 shows the high level object model for
+ an ExoPlayer implementation configured to play audio and video using these components.</p>
+
+<img src="{@docRoot}images/exoplayer/object-model.png" alt="" id="figure1" />
+<p class="img-caption">
+ <strong>Figure 1.</strong> High level object model for an ExoPlayer configured to play audio
+ and video using {@code TrackRenderer} objects
+</p>
+
+
+<h2 id="trackrenderer">TrackRenderer</h2>
+
+<p>A {@code TrackRenderer} processes a component of media for playback, such as
+ video, audio or text. The ExoPlayer class invokes methods on its {@code TrackRenderer} instances from a
+ single playback thread, and by doing so causes each media component to be rendered as the global
+ playback position is advanced. The ExoPlayer library provides {@code MediaCodecVideoTrackRenderer} as
+ the default implementations rendering video and {@code MediaCodecAudioTrackRenderer} for audio.
+ Both implementations make use of {@link android.media.MediaCodec} to decode individual media
+ samples. They can handle all audio and video formats supported by a given Android device
+ (see <a href="http://developer.android.com/guide/appendix/media-formats.html">Supported Media
+ Formats</a> for details). The ExoPlayer library also provides an implementation for rendering
+ text called {@code TextTrackRenderer}.
+</p>
+
+<p>The code example below outlines the main steps required to instantiate an ExoPlayer to play video
+ and audio using the standard {@code TrackRenderer} implementations.</p>
+
+<pre>
+// 1. Instantiate the player.
+player = ExoPlayer.Factory.newInstance(RENDERER_COUNT);
+// 2. Construct renderers.
+MediaCodecVideoTrackRenderer videoRenderer = …
+MediaCodecAudioTrackRenderer audioRenderer = ...
+// 3. Inject the renderers through prepare.
+player.prepare(videoRenderer, audioRenderer);
+// 4. Pass the surface to the video renderer.
+player.sendMessage(videoRenderer, MediaCodecVideoTrackRenderer.MSG_SET_SURFACE,
+ surface);
+// 5. Start playback.
+player.setPlayWhenReady(true);
+...
+player.release(); // Don’t forget to release when done!
+</pre>
+
+<p>For a complete example, see the {@code SimplePlayerActivity} in the ExoPlayer demo app, which
+ correctly manages an ExoPlayer instance with respect to both the {@link android.app.Activity} and
+ {@link android.view.Surface} lifecycles.</p>
+
+
+<h2 id="samplesource">SampleSource</h2>
+
+<p>A standard {@code TrackRenderer} implementation requires a {@code SampleSource} to
+ be provided in its constructor. A {@code SampleSource} object provides format information and
+ media samples to be rendered. The ExoPlayer library provides {@code FrameworkSampleSource} and
+ {@code ChunkSampleSource}. The {@code FrameworkSampleSource} class uses {@link
+ android.media.MediaExtractor} to request, buffer and extract the media samples. The {@code
+ ChunkSampleSource} class provides adaptive playback using DASH or SmoothStreaming, and
+ implements networking, buffering and media extraction within the ExoPlayer library.</p>
+
+
+<h3 id="mediaextractor">Providing media using MediaExtractor</h3>
+
+<p>
+ In order to render media formats supported by the Android framework, the {@code
+ FrameworkSampleSource} class uses {@link android.media.MediaExtractor} for networking,
+ buffering and sample extraction functionality. By doing so, it supports any media container format
+ supported by the version of Android where it is running. For more information about media formats
+ supported by Android, see <a href="{@docRoot}guide/appendix/media-formats.html">Supported
+ Media Formats</a>.
+</p>
+
+<p>The diagram in Figure 2 shows the object model for an ExoPlayer implementation using
+ {@code FrameworkSampleSource}.</p>
+
+<img src="{@docRoot}images/exoplayer/frameworksamplesource.png" alt="" id="figure2" />
+<p class="img-caption">
+ <strong>Figure 2.</strong> Object model for an implementation of ExoPlayer that renders
+ media formats supported by Android using {@code FrameworkSampleSource}
+</p>
+
+<p>The following code example outlines how the video and audio renderers are constructed to
+ load the video from a specified URI.</p>
+
+<pre>
+FrameworkSampleSource sampleSource = new FrameworkSampleSource(
+ activity, uri, null, 2);
+MediaCodecVideoTrackRenderer videoRenderer = new MediaCodecVideoTrackRenderer(
+ sampleSource, null, true, MediaCodec.VIDEO_SCALING_MODE_SCALE_TO_FIT, 0,
+ mainHandler, playerActivity, 50);
+MediaCodecAudioTrackRenderer audioRenderer = new MediaCodecAudioTrackRenderer(
+ sampleSource, null, true);
+</pre>
+
+<p>The ExoPlayer demo app provides a complete implementation of this code in
+ {@code DefaultRendererBuilder}. The {@code SimplePlaybackActivity} class uses it to play one
+ of the videos available in the demo app. Note that in the example, video and audio
+ are muxed, meaning they are streamed together from a single URI. The {@code FrameworkSampleSource}
+ instance provides video samples to the {@code videoRenderer} object and audio samples to the
+ {@code audioRenderer} object as they are extracted from the media container format. It is also
+ possible to play demuxed media, where video and audio are streamed separately from different URIs.
+ This functionality can be achieved by having two {@code FrameworkSampleSource} instances instead
+ of one.</p>
+
+
+<h3 id="adaptive-playback">Providing media for adaptive playback</h3>
+
+<p>ExoPlayer supports adaptive streaming, which allows the quality of the
+ media data to be adjusted during playback based on the network conditions. DASH
+ and SmoothStreaming are examples of adaptive streaming technologies. Both these approaches
+ load media in small chunks (typically 2 to 10 seconds in duration). Whenever a chunk of media
+ is requested, the client selects from a number of possible formats. For example, a client may
+ select a high quality format if network conditions are good, or a low quality format if network
+ conditions are bad. In both techniques, video and audio are streamed separately.</p>
+
+<p>ExoPlayer supports adaptive playback through use of the {@code ChunkSampleSource} class,
+ which loads chunks of media data from which individual samples can be extracted. Each {@code
+ ChunkSampleSource} requires a {@code ChunkSource} object to be injected through its constructor,
+ which is responsible for providing media chunks from which to load and read samples. The {@code
+ DashMp4ChunkSource} and {@code SmoothStreamingChunkSource} classes provide DASH and SmoothStreaming
+ playback using the FMP4 container format. The {@code DashWebMChunkSource} class uses the WebM
+ container format to provide DASH playback.</p>
+
+<p>All of the standard {@code ChunkSource} implementations require a {@code FormatEvaluator} and
+ a {@code DataSource} to be injected through their constructors. The {@code FormatEvaluator}
+ objects select from the available formats before each chunk is loaded. The {@code DataSource}
+ objects are responsible for actually loading the data. Finally, the {@code ChunkSampleSources}
+ require a {@code LoadControl} object that controls the chunk buffering policy.</p>
+
+<p>The object model of an ExoPlayer configured for a DASH adaptive playback is shown in the
+ diagram below. This example uses an {@code HttpDataSource} object to stream the media over the
+ network. The video quality is varied at runtime using the adaptive implementation of {@code
+ FormatEvaluator}, while audio is played at a fixed quality level.</p>
+
+<img src="{@docRoot}images/exoplayer/adaptive-streaming.png" alt="" id="figure3" />
+<p class="img-caption">
+ <strong>Figure 3.</strong> Object model for a DASH adaptive playback using ExoPlayer
+</p>
+
+<p>The following code example outlines how the video and audio renderers are constructed.</p>
+
+<pre>
+Handler mainHandler = playerActivity.getMainHandler();
+LoadControl loadControl = new DefaultLoadControl(
+ new BufferPool(BUFFER_SEGMENT_SIZE));
+BandwidthMeter bandwidthMeter = new BandwidthMeter();
+
+// Build the video renderer.
+DataSource videoDataSource = new HttpDataSource(userAgent,
+ HttpDataSource.REJECT_PAYWALL_TYPES, bandwidthMeter);
+ChunkSource videoChunkSource = new DashMp4ChunkSource(videoDataSource,
+ new AdaptiveEvaluator(bandwidthMeter), videoRepresentations);
+ChunkSampleSource videoSampleSource = new ChunkSampleSource(videoChunkSource,
+ loadControl, VIDEO_BUFFER_SEGMENTS * BUFFER_SEGMENT_SIZE, true);
+MediaCodecVideoTrackRenderer videoRenderer = new MediaCodecVideoTrackRenderer(
+ videoSampleSource, null, true, MediaCodec.VIDEO_SCALING_MODE_SCALE_TO_FIT,
+ 0, mainHandler, playerActivity, 50);
+
+// Build the audio renderer.
+DataSource audioDataSource = new HttpDataSource(userAgent,
+ HttpDataSource.REJECT_PAYWALL_TYPES, bandwidthMeter);
+ChunkSource audioChunkSource = new DashMp4ChunkSource(audioDataSource,
+ new FormatEvaluator.FixedEvaluator(), audioRepresentation);
+SampleSource audioSampleSource = new ChunkSampleSource(audioChunkSource,
+ loadControl, AUDIO_BUFFER_SEGMENTS * BUFFER_SEGMENT_SIZE, true);
+MediaCodecAudioTrackRenderer audioRenderer = new MediaCodecAudioTrackRenderer(
+ audioSampleSource, null, true);
+</pre>
+
+<p>In this code, {@code videoRepresentations} and {@code audioRepresentation} are {@code
+ Representation} objects, each of which describes one of the available media streams. In the DASH
+ model, these streams are parsed from a media presentation description (MPD) file. The ExoPlayer
+ library provides a {@code MediaPresentationDescriptionParser} class to obtain {@code
+ Representation} objects from MPD files.</p>
+
+<p class="note">
+ <strong>Note:</strong> Building Representation objects from MPD files is not required. You can
+ build Representation objects from other data sources if necessary.
+</p>
+
+<p>The ExoPlayer demo app provides complete implementation of this code in
+ {@code DashVodRendererBuilder}. The {@code SimplePlaybackActivity} class uses this builder to
+ construct renderers for playing DASH sample videos in the demo app. It asynchronously fetches a
+ specified MPD file in order to construct the required {@code Representation} objects. For an
+ equivalent SmoothStreaming example, see the {@code SmoothStreamingRendererBuilder} class in the
+ demo app.</p>
+
+
+<h4 id="format-selection">Format selection for adaptive playback</h4>
+
+<p>For DASH and SmoothStreaming playback, consider both static format selection at the
+ start of playback and dynamic format selection during playback. Static format selection should be
+ used to filter out formats that should not be used throughout the playback, for example formats
+ with resolutions higher than the maximum supported by the playback device. Dynamic selection varies
+ the selected format during playback, typically to adapt video quality in response to changes in
+ network conditions.</p>
+
+<h5 id="static-selection">Static format selection</h5>
+
+<p>When preparing a player, you should consider filtering out some of the available formats if
+ they are not useable for playback. Static format selection allows you to filter out
+ formats that cannot be used on a particular device or are not compatible with your player.
+ For audio playback, this often means picking a single format to play and discarding the others.</p>
+
+<p>For video playback, filtering formats can be more complicated. Apps should first
+ eliminate any streams that whose resolution is too high to be played by the device. For H.264,
+ which is normally used for DASH and SmoothStreaming playback, ExoPlayer’s {@code MediaCodecUtil}
+ class provides a {@code maxH264DecodableFrameSize()} method that can be used to determine what
+ resolution streams the device is able to handle, as shown in the following code example:</p>
+
+<pre>
+int maxDecodableFrameSize = MediaCodecUtil.maxH264DecodableFrameSize();
+Format format = representation.format;
+if (format.width * format.height &lt;= maxDecodableFrameSize) {
+ // The device can play this stream.
+ videoRepresentations.add(representation);
+} else {
+ // The device isn't capable of playing this stream.
+}
+</pre>
+
+<p>This approach is used to filter {@code Representations} in the {@code DashVodRendererBuilder}
+ class of the ExoPlayer demo app, and similarly to filter track indices in {@code
+ SmoothStreamingRendererBuilder}.</p>
+
+<p>In addition to eliminating unsupported formats, it should be noted that the ability to
+ seamlessly switch between H.264 streams of different resolution is an optional decoder feature
+ available in Android 4.3 (API level 16) and higher, and so is not supported by all devices. The
+ availability of an adaptive H.264 decoder can be queried using {@code MediaCodecUtil}, as shown in
+ the following code example:</p>
+
+<pre>
+boolean isAdaptive = MediaCodecUtil.getDecoderInfo(MimeTypes.VIDEO_H264).adaptive;
+</pre>
+
+<p>The {@code MediaCodecVideoTrackRenderer} class is still able to handle resolution changes on
+ devices that do not have adaptive decoders, however the switch is not seamless. Typically, the
+ switch creates a small discontinuity in visual output lasting around 50-100ms. For devices that
+ do not provide an adaptive decoder, app developers may choose to adapt between formats at
+ a single fixed resolution so as to avoid discontinuities. The ExoPlayer demo app
+ implementation does not pick a fixed resolution.</p>
+
+
+<h5 id="dynamic-selection">Dynamic format selection</h5>
+
+<p>During playback, you can use a {@code FormatEvaluator} to dynamically select from the
+ available video formats. The ExoPlayer library provides a {@code FormatEvaluator.Adaptive}
+ implementation for dynamically selecting between video formats based on the current network
+ conditions.</p>
+
+<p>This class provides a simple, general purpose reference implementation, however you are
+ encouraged to write your own {@code FormatEvaluator} implementation to best suit your particular
+ needs.</p>
+
+
+<h2 id="events">Player Events</h2>
+
+<p>During playback, your app can listen for events generated by the ExoPlayer that indicate the
+ overall state of the player. These events are useful as triggers for updating the app user
+ interface such as playback controls. Many ExoPlayer components also report their own component
+ specific low level events, which can be useful for performance monitoring.</p>
+
+
+<h3 id="high-events">High level events</h3>
+
+<p>ExoPlayer allows instances of {@code ExoPlayer.Listener} to be added and removed using its
+ {@code addListener()} and {@code removeListener()} methods. Registered listeners are notified of
+ changes in playback state, as well as when errors occur that cause playback to fail. For more
+ information about the valid playback states and the possible transitions between them, see the
+ ExoPlayer source code.</p>
+
+<p>Developers who implement custom playback controls should register a listener and use it to
+ update their controls as the player’s state changes. An app should also show an
+ appropriate error to the user if playback fails.</p>
+
+<h3 id="low-events">Low level events</h3>
+
+<p>In addition to high level listeners, many of the individual components provided by the
+ ExoPlayer library allow their own event listeners. For example, {@code
+ MediaCodecVideoTrackRenderer} has constructors that take a {@code
+ MediaCodecVideoTrackRenderer.EventListener}. In the ExoPlayer demo app, {@code SimplePlayerActivity}
+ acts as a listener so that it can adjust the dimensions of the target surface to have the correct
+ height and width ratio for the video being played:</p>
+
+<pre>
+&#64;Override
+public void onVideoSizeChanged(int width, int height) {
+ surfaceView.setVideoWidthHeightRatio(height == 0 ? 1 : (float) width / height);
+}
+</pre>
+
+<p>The {@code RendererBuilder} classes in the ExoPlayer demo app inject the activity as the
+ listener, for example in the {@code DashVodRendererBuilder} class:</p>
+
+<pre>
+MediaCodecVideoTrackRenderer videoRenderer = new MediaCodecVideoTrackRenderer(
+ videoSampleSource, null, true, MediaCodec.VIDEO_SCALING_MODE_SCALE_TO_FIT,
+ 0, <strong>mainHandler, playerActivity</strong>, 50);
+</pre>
+
+<p>Note that you must pass a {@link android.os.Handler} object to the renderer, which determines
+ the thread on which the listener’s methods are invoked. In most cases, you should use a
+ {@link android.os.Handler} associated with the app’s main thread, as is the case in this example.
+ </p>
+
+<p>Listening to individual components can be useful for adjusting UI based on player events, as
+ in the example above. Listening to component events can also be helpful for logging performance
+ metrics. For example, {@code MediaCodecVideoTrackRenderer} notifies its listener of dropped video
+ frames. A developer may wish to log such metrics to track playback performance in their
+ app.</p>
+
+<p>Many components also notify their listeners when errors occur. Such errors may or may not
+ cause playback to fail. If an error does not cause playback to fail, it may still result in
+ degraded performance, and so you may wish to log all errors in order to track playback
+ performance. Note that an ExoPlayer instance always notifies its high level listeners of errors that
+ cause playback to fail, in addition to the listener of the individual component from which the error
+ originated. Hence, you should display error messages to users only from high level listeners.
+ Within individual component listeners, you should use error notifications only for informational
+ purposes.</p>
+
+
+<h2 id="sending-messages">Sending messages to components</h2>
+
+<p>Some ExoPlayer components allow changes in configuration during playback. By convention, you make
+ these changes by passing asynchronous messages through the ExoPlayer to the component.
+ This approach ensures both thread safety and that the configuration change is
+ executed in order with any other operations being performed on the player.</p>
+
+<p>The most common use of messaging is passing a target surface to
+ {@code MediaCodecVideoTrackRenderer}:</p>
+
+<pre>
+player.sendMessage(videoRenderer, MediaCodecVideoTrackRenderer.MSG_SET_SURFACE,
+ surface);
+</pre>
+
+<p>Note that if the surface needs to be cleared because
+ {@link android.view.SurfaceHolder.Callback#surfaceDestroyed
+ SurfaceHolder.Callback.surfaceDestroyed()} has been invoked, then you must send this
+ message using the blocking variant of {@code sendMessage()}:</p>
+<p>
+
+<pre>
+player.blockingSendMessage(videoRenderer,
+ MediaCodecVideoTrackRenderer.MSG_SET_SURFACE, null);
+</pre>
+
+<p>You must use a blocking message because the contract of {@link
+ android.view.SurfaceHolder.Callback#surfaceDestroyed surfaceDestroyed()} requires that the
+ app does not attempt to access the surface after the method returns. The {@code
+ SimplePlayerActivity} class in the demo app demonstrates how the surface should be set and
+ cleared.</p>
+
+
+<h2 id="customizing">Customizing ExoPlayer</h2>
+
+<p>One of the main benefits of ExoPlayer over {@link android.media.MediaPlayer} is the ability to
+ customize and extend the player to better suit the developer’s use case. The ExoPlayer library
+ is designed specifically with this in mind, defining a number of abstract base classes and
+ interfaces that make it possible for app developers to easily replace the default implementations
+ provided by the library. Here are some use cases for building custom components:</p>
+
+<ul>
+ <li><strong>{@code TrackRenderer}</strong> - You may want to implement a custom
+ {@code TrackRenderer} to handle media types other than audio and video. The {@code
+ TextTrackRenderer} class within the ExoPlayer library is an example of how to implement a
+ custom renderer. You could use the approach it demonstrates to render custom
+ overlays or annotations. Implementing this kind of functionality as a {@code TrackRenderer}
+ makes it easy to keep the overlays or annotations in sync with the other media being played.</li>
+ <li><strong>{@code SampleSource}</strong> - If you need to support a container format not
+ already handled by {@link android.media.MediaExtractor} or ExoPlayer, consider implementing a
+ custom {@code SampleSource} class.</li>
+ <li><strong>{@code FormatEvaluator}</strong> - The ExoPlayer library provides {@code
+ FormatEvaluator.Adaptive} as a simple reference implementation that switches between different
+ quality video formats based on the available bandwidth. App developers are encouraged to
+ develop their own adaptive {@code FormatEvaluator} implementations, which can be designed to
+ suit their use specific needs.</li>
+ <li><strong>{@code DataSource}</strong> - ExoPlayer’s upstream package already contains a
+ number of {@code DataSource} implementations for different use cases, such as writing and
+ reading to and from a persistent media cache. You may want to implement you own
+ {@code DataSource} class to load data in another way, such as a custom
+ protocol or HTTP stack for data input.</li>
+</ul>
+
+
+<h3 id="custom-guidelines">Custom component guidelines</h3>
+
+<p>If a custom component needs to report events back to the app, we recommend that you
+ do so using the same model as existing ExoPlayer components, where an event listener is passed
+ together with a {@link android.os.Handler} to the constructor of the component.</p>
+
+<p>We recommended that custom components use the same model as existing ExoPlayer components to
+ allow reconfiguration by the app during playback, as described in
+ <a href="#sending-messages">Sending messages to components</a>.
+ To do this, you should implement a {@code ExoPlayerComponent} and receive
+ configuration changes in its {@code handleMessage()} method. Your app should pass
+ configuration changes by calling ExoPlayer’s {@code sendMessage()} and {@code
+ blockingSendMessage()} methods.</p>
+
+
+<h2 id="drm">Digital Rights Management</h2>
+
+<p>On Android 4.3 (API level 18) and higher, ExoPlayer supports Digital Rights Managment (DRM)
+ protected playback. In order to play DRM protected content with ExoPlayer, your app must
+ inject a {@code DrmSessionManager} into the {@code MediaCodecVideoTrackRenderer} and {@code
+ MediaCodecAudioTrackRenderer} constructors. A {@code DrmSessionManager} object is responsible for
+ providing the {@code MediaCrypto} object required for decryption, as well as ensuring that the
+ required decryption keys are available to the underlying DRM module being used.</p>
+
+<p>The ExoPlayer library provides a default implementation of {@code DrmSessionManager}, called
+ {@code StreamingDrmSessionManager}, which uses {@link android.media.MediaDrm}. The session
+ manager supports any DRM scheme for which a modular DRM component exists on the device. All
+ Android devices are required to support Widevine modular DRM (with L3 security, although many
+ devices also support L1). Some devices may support additional schemes such as PlayReady.</p>
+
+<p>The {@code StreamingDrmSessionManager} class requires a {@code MediaDrmCallback} to be
+ injected into its constructor, which is responsible for actually making provisioning and key
+ requests. You should implement this interface to make network requests to your license
+ server and obtain the required keys. The {@code WidevineTestMediaDrmCallback} class in the
+ ExoPlayer demo app sends requests to a Widevine test server.</p>