/*
* Copyright (C) 2007 The Android Open Source Project
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package android.os;
import android.app.admin.DevicePolicyManager;
import android.content.Context;
import android.os.storage.StorageManager;
import android.os.storage.StorageVolume;
import android.text.TextUtils;
import android.util.Log;
import java.io.File;
/**
* Provides access to environment variables.
*/
public class Environment {
private static final String TAG = "Environment";
private static final String ENV_EXTERNAL_STORAGE = "EXTERNAL_STORAGE";
private static final String ENV_ANDROID_ROOT = "ANDROID_ROOT";
private static final String ENV_ANDROID_DATA = "ANDROID_DATA";
private static final String ENV_ANDROID_STORAGE = "ANDROID_STORAGE";
private static final String ENV_OEM_ROOT = "OEM_ROOT";
private static final String ENV_VENDOR_ROOT = "VENDOR_ROOT";
/** {@hide} */
public static final String DIR_ANDROID = "Android";
private static final String DIR_DATA = "data";
private static final String DIR_MEDIA = "media";
private static final String DIR_OBB = "obb";
private static final String DIR_FILES = "files";
private static final String DIR_CACHE = "cache";
/** {@hide} */
@Deprecated
public static final String DIRECTORY_ANDROID = DIR_ANDROID;
private static final File DIR_ANDROID_ROOT = getDirectory(ENV_ANDROID_ROOT, "/system");
private static final File DIR_ANDROID_DATA = getDirectory(ENV_ANDROID_DATA, "/data");
private static final File DIR_ANDROID_STORAGE = getDirectory(ENV_ANDROID_STORAGE, "/storage");
private static final File DIR_OEM_ROOT = getDirectory(ENV_OEM_ROOT, "/oem");
private static final File DIR_VENDOR_ROOT = getDirectory(ENV_VENDOR_ROOT, "/vendor");
private static final String SYSTEM_PROPERTY_EFS_ENABLED = "persist.security.efs.enabled";
private static UserEnvironment sCurrentUser;
private static boolean sUserRequired;
static {
initForCurrentUser();
}
/** {@hide} */
public static void initForCurrentUser() {
final int userId = UserHandle.myUserId();
sCurrentUser = new UserEnvironment(userId);
}
/** {@hide} */
public static class UserEnvironment {
private final int mUserId;
public UserEnvironment(int userId) {
mUserId = userId;
}
public File[] getExternalDirs() {
final StorageVolume[] volumes = StorageManager.getVolumeList(mUserId);
final File[] files = new File[volumes.length];
for (int i = 0; i < volumes.length; i++) {
files[i] = volumes[i].getPathFile();
}
return files;
}
@Deprecated
public File getExternalStorageDirectory() {
return getExternalDirs()[0];
}
@Deprecated
public File getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(String type) {
return buildExternalStoragePublicDirs(type)[0];
}
public File[] buildExternalStoragePublicDirs(String type) {
return buildPaths(getExternalDirs(), type);
}
public File[] buildExternalStorageAndroidDataDirs() {
return buildPaths(getExternalDirs(), DIR_ANDROID, DIR_DATA);
}
public File[] buildExternalStorageAndroidObbDirs() {
return buildPaths(getExternalDirs(), DIR_ANDROID, DIR_OBB);
}
public File[] buildExternalStorageAppDataDirs(String packageName) {
return buildPaths(getExternalDirs(), DIR_ANDROID, DIR_DATA, packageName);
}
public File[] buildExternalStorageAppMediaDirs(String packageName) {
return buildPaths(getExternalDirs(), DIR_ANDROID, DIR_MEDIA, packageName);
}
public File[] buildExternalStorageAppObbDirs(String packageName) {
return buildPaths(getExternalDirs(), DIR_ANDROID, DIR_OBB, packageName);
}
public File[] buildExternalStorageAppFilesDirs(String packageName) {
return buildPaths(getExternalDirs(), DIR_ANDROID, DIR_DATA, packageName, DIR_FILES);
}
public File[] buildExternalStorageAppCacheDirs(String packageName) {
return buildPaths(getExternalDirs(), DIR_ANDROID, DIR_DATA, packageName, DIR_CACHE);
}
}
/**
* Return root of the "system" partition holding the core Android OS.
* Always present and mounted read-only.
*/
public static File getRootDirectory() {
return DIR_ANDROID_ROOT;
}
/** {@hide} */
public static File getStorageDirectory() {
return DIR_ANDROID_STORAGE;
}
/**
* Return root directory of the "oem" partition holding OEM customizations,
* if any. If present, the partition is mounted read-only.
*
* @hide
*/
public static File getOemDirectory() {
return DIR_OEM_ROOT;
}
/**
* Return root directory of the "vendor" partition that holds vendor-provided
* software that should persist across simple reflashing of the "system" partition.
* @hide
*/
public static File getVendorDirectory() {
return DIR_VENDOR_ROOT;
}
/**
* Gets the system directory available for secure storage.
* If Encrypted File system is enabled, it returns an encrypted directory (/data/secure/system).
* Otherwise, it returns the unencrypted /data/system directory.
* @return File object representing the secure storage system directory.
* @hide
*/
public static File getSystemSecureDirectory() {
if (isEncryptedFilesystemEnabled()) {
return new File(SECURE_DATA_DIRECTORY, "system");
} else {
return new File(DATA_DIRECTORY, "system");
}
}
/**
* Gets the data directory for secure storage.
* If Encrypted File system is enabled, it returns an encrypted directory (/data/secure).
* Otherwise, it returns the unencrypted /data directory.
* @return File object representing the data directory for secure storage.
* @hide
*/
public static File getSecureDataDirectory() {
if (isEncryptedFilesystemEnabled()) {
return SECURE_DATA_DIRECTORY;
} else {
return DATA_DIRECTORY;
}
}
/**
* Return the system directory for a user. This is for use by system services to store
* files relating to the user. This directory will be automatically deleted when the user
* is removed.
*
* @hide
*/
public static File getUserSystemDirectory(int userId) {
return new File(new File(getSystemSecureDirectory(), "users"), Integer.toString(userId));
}
/**
* Returns the config directory for a user. This is for use by system services to store files
* relating to the user which should be readable by any app running as that user.
*
* @hide
*/
public static File getUserConfigDirectory(int userId) {
return new File(new File(new File(
getDataDirectory(), "misc"), "user"), Integer.toString(userId));
}
/**
* Returns whether the Encrypted File System feature is enabled on the device or not.
* @return true
if Encrypted File System feature is enabled, false
* if disabled.
* @hide
*/
public static boolean isEncryptedFilesystemEnabled() {
return SystemProperties.getBoolean(SYSTEM_PROPERTY_EFS_ENABLED, false);
}
private static final File DATA_DIRECTORY
= getDirectory("ANDROID_DATA", "/data");
/**
* @hide
*/
private static final File SECURE_DATA_DIRECTORY
= getDirectory("ANDROID_SECURE_DATA", "/data/secure");
private static final File DOWNLOAD_CACHE_DIRECTORY = getDirectory("DOWNLOAD_CACHE", "/cache");
/**
* Return the user data directory.
*/
public static File getDataDirectory() {
return DATA_DIRECTORY;
}
/** {@hide} */
public static File getDataDirectory(String volumeUuid) {
if (TextUtils.isEmpty(volumeUuid)) {
return new File("/data");
} else {
return new File("/mnt/expand/" + volumeUuid);
}
}
/** {@hide} */
public static File getDataAppDirectory(String volumeUuid) {
return new File(getDataDirectory(volumeUuid), "app");
}
/** {@hide} */
public static File getDataUserDirectory(String volumeUuid) {
return new File(getDataDirectory(volumeUuid), "user");
}
/** {@hide} */
public static File getDataUserDirectory(String volumeUuid, int userId) {
return new File(getDataUserDirectory(volumeUuid), String.valueOf(userId));
}
/** {@hide} */
public static File getDataUserPackageDirectory(String volumeUuid, int userId,
String packageName) {
// TODO: keep consistent with installd
return new File(getDataUserDirectory(volumeUuid, userId), packageName);
}
/**
* Return the primary external storage directory. This directory may not
* currently be accessible if it has been mounted by the user on their
* computer, has been removed from the device, or some other problem has
* happened. You can determine its current state with
* {@link #getExternalStorageState()}.
*
* Note: don't be confused by the word "external" here. This directory * can better be thought as media/shared storage. It is a filesystem that * can hold a relatively large amount of data and that is shared across all * applications (does not enforce permissions). Traditionally this is an SD * card, but it may also be implemented as built-in storage in a device that * is distinct from the protected internal storage and can be mounted as a * filesystem on a computer. *
* On devices with multiple users (as described by {@link UserManager}), * each user has their own isolated external storage. Applications only have * access to the external storage for the user they're running as. *
* In devices with multiple "external" storage directories, this directory * represents the "primary" external storage that the user will interact * with. Access to secondary storage is available through *
* Applications should not directly use this top-level directory, in order * to avoid polluting the user's root namespace. Any files that are private * to the application should be placed in a directory returned by * {@link android.content.Context#getExternalFilesDir * Context.getExternalFilesDir}, which the system will take care of deleting * if the application is uninstalled. Other shared files should be placed in * one of the directories returned by * {@link #getExternalStoragePublicDirectory}. *
* Writing to this path requires the * {@link android.Manifest.permission#WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE} permission, * and starting in read access requires the * {@link android.Manifest.permission#READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE} permission, * which is automatically granted if you hold the write permission. *
* Starting in {@link android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES#KITKAT}, if your * application only needs to store internal data, consider using * {@link Context#getExternalFilesDir(String)} or * {@link Context#getExternalCacheDir()}, which require no permissions to * read or write. *
* This path may change between platform versions, so applications should * only persist relative paths. *
* Here is an example of typical code to monitor the state of external * storage: *
* {@sample * development/samples/ApiDemos/src/com/example/android/apis/content/ExternalStorage.java * monitor_storage} * * @see #getExternalStorageState() * @see #isExternalStorageRemovable() */ public static File getExternalStorageDirectory() { throwIfUserRequired(); return sCurrentUser.getExternalDirs()[0]; } /** {@hide} */ public static File getLegacyExternalStorageDirectory() { return new File(System.getenv(ENV_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)); } /** {@hide} */ public static File getLegacyExternalStorageObbDirectory() { return buildPath(getLegacyExternalStorageDirectory(), DIR_ANDROID, DIR_OBB); } /** * Standard directory in which to place any audio files that should be * in the regular list of music for the user. * This may be combined with * {@link #DIRECTORY_PODCASTS}, {@link #DIRECTORY_NOTIFICATIONS}, * {@link #DIRECTORY_ALARMS}, and {@link #DIRECTORY_RINGTONES} as a series * of directories to categories a particular audio file as more than one * type. */ public static String DIRECTORY_MUSIC = "Music"; /** * Standard directory in which to place any audio files that should be * in the list of podcasts that the user can select (not as regular * music). * This may be combined with {@link #DIRECTORY_MUSIC}, * {@link #DIRECTORY_NOTIFICATIONS}, * {@link #DIRECTORY_ALARMS}, and {@link #DIRECTORY_RINGTONES} as a series * of directories to categories a particular audio file as more than one * type. */ public static String DIRECTORY_PODCASTS = "Podcasts"; /** * Standard directory in which to place any audio files that should be * in the list of ringtones that the user can select (not as regular * music). * This may be combined with {@link #DIRECTORY_MUSIC}, * {@link #DIRECTORY_PODCASTS}, {@link #DIRECTORY_NOTIFICATIONS}, and * {@link #DIRECTORY_ALARMS} as a series * of directories to categories a particular audio file as more than one * type. */ public static String DIRECTORY_RINGTONES = "Ringtones"; /** * Standard directory in which to place any audio files that should be * in the list of alarms that the user can select (not as regular * music). * This may be combined with {@link #DIRECTORY_MUSIC}, * {@link #DIRECTORY_PODCASTS}, {@link #DIRECTORY_NOTIFICATIONS}, * and {@link #DIRECTORY_RINGTONES} as a series * of directories to categories a particular audio file as more than one * type. */ public static String DIRECTORY_ALARMS = "Alarms"; /** * Standard directory in which to place any audio files that should be * in the list of notifications that the user can select (not as regular * music). * This may be combined with {@link #DIRECTORY_MUSIC}, * {@link #DIRECTORY_PODCASTS}, * {@link #DIRECTORY_ALARMS}, and {@link #DIRECTORY_RINGTONES} as a series * of directories to categories a particular audio file as more than one * type. */ public static String DIRECTORY_NOTIFICATIONS = "Notifications"; /** * Standard directory in which to place pictures that are available to * the user. Note that this is primarily a convention for the top-level * public directory, as the media scanner will find and collect pictures * in any directory. */ public static String DIRECTORY_PICTURES = "Pictures"; /** * Standard directory in which to place movies that are available to * the user. Note that this is primarily a convention for the top-level * public directory, as the media scanner will find and collect movies * in any directory. */ public static String DIRECTORY_MOVIES = "Movies"; /** * Standard directory in which to place files that have been downloaded by * the user. Note that this is primarily a convention for the top-level * public directory, you are free to download files anywhere in your own * private directories. Also note that though the constant here is * named DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS (plural), the actual file name is non-plural for * backwards compatibility reasons. */ public static String DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS = "Download"; /** * The traditional location for pictures and videos when mounting the * device as a camera. Note that this is primarily a convention for the * top-level public directory, as this convention makes no sense elsewhere. */ public static String DIRECTORY_DCIM = "DCIM"; /** * Standard directory in which to place documents that have been created by * the user. */ public static String DIRECTORY_DOCUMENTS = "Documents"; /** * Get a top-level public external storage directory for placing files of * a particular type. This is where the user will typically place and * manage their own files, so you should be careful about what you put here * to ensure you don't erase their files or get in the way of their own * organization. * *
On devices with multiple users (as described by {@link UserManager}), * each user has their own isolated external storage. Applications only * have access to the external storage for the user they're running as.
* *Here is an example of typical code to manipulate a picture on * the public external storage:
* * {@sample development/samples/ApiDemos/src/com/example/android/apis/content/ExternalStorage.java * public_picture} * * @param type The type of storage directory to return. Should be one of * {@link #DIRECTORY_MUSIC}, {@link #DIRECTORY_PODCASTS}, * {@link #DIRECTORY_RINGTONES}, {@link #DIRECTORY_ALARMS}, * {@link #DIRECTORY_NOTIFICATIONS}, {@link #DIRECTORY_PICTURES}, * {@link #DIRECTORY_MOVIES}, {@link #DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS}, or * {@link #DIRECTORY_DCIM}. May not be null. * * @return Returns the File path for the directory. Note that this * directory may not yet exist, so you must make sure it exists before * using it such as with {@link File#mkdirs File.mkdirs()}. */ public static File getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(String type) { throwIfUserRequired(); return sCurrentUser.buildExternalStoragePublicDirs(type)[0]; } /** * Returns the path for android-specific data on the SD card. * @hide */ public static File[] buildExternalStorageAndroidDataDirs() { throwIfUserRequired(); return sCurrentUser.buildExternalStorageAndroidDataDirs(); } /** * Generates the raw path to an application's data * @hide */ public static File[] buildExternalStorageAppDataDirs(String packageName) { throwIfUserRequired(); return sCurrentUser.buildExternalStorageAppDataDirs(packageName); } /** * Generates the raw path to an application's media * @hide */ public static File[] buildExternalStorageAppMediaDirs(String packageName) { throwIfUserRequired(); return sCurrentUser.buildExternalStorageAppMediaDirs(packageName); } /** * Generates the raw path to an application's OBB files * @hide */ public static File[] buildExternalStorageAppObbDirs(String packageName) { throwIfUserRequired(); return sCurrentUser.buildExternalStorageAppObbDirs(packageName); } /** * Generates the path to an application's files. * @hide */ public static File[] buildExternalStorageAppFilesDirs(String packageName) { throwIfUserRequired(); return sCurrentUser.buildExternalStorageAppFilesDirs(packageName); } /** * Generates the path to an application's cache. * @hide */ public static File[] buildExternalStorageAppCacheDirs(String packageName) { throwIfUserRequired(); return sCurrentUser.buildExternalStorageAppCacheDirs(packageName); } /** * Return the download/cache content directory. */ public static File getDownloadCacheDirectory() { return DOWNLOAD_CACHE_DIRECTORY; } /** * Unknown storage state, such as when a path isn't backed by known storage * media. * * @see #getExternalStorageState(File) */ public static final String MEDIA_UNKNOWN = "unknown"; /** * Storage state if the media is not present. * * @see #getExternalStorageState(File) */ public static final String MEDIA_REMOVED = "removed"; /** * Storage state if the media is present but not mounted. * * @see #getExternalStorageState(File) */ public static final String MEDIA_UNMOUNTED = "unmounted"; /** * Storage state if the media is present and being disk-checked. * * @see #getExternalStorageState(File) */ public static final String MEDIA_CHECKING = "checking"; /** * Storage state if the media is present but is blank or is using an * unsupported filesystem. * * @see #getExternalStorageState(File) */ public static final String MEDIA_NOFS = "nofs"; /** * Storage state if the media is present and mounted at its mount point with * read/write access. * * @see #getExternalStorageState(File) */ public static final String MEDIA_MOUNTED = "mounted"; /** * Storage state if the media is present and mounted at its mount point with * read-only access. * * @see #getExternalStorageState(File) */ public static final String MEDIA_MOUNTED_READ_ONLY = "mounted_ro"; /** * Storage state if the media is present not mounted, and shared via USB * mass storage. * * @see #getExternalStorageState(File) */ public static final String MEDIA_SHARED = "shared"; /** * Storage state if the media was removed before it was unmounted. * * @see #getExternalStorageState(File) */ public static final String MEDIA_BAD_REMOVAL = "bad_removal"; /** * Storage state if the media is present but cannot be mounted. Typically * this happens if the file system on the media is corrupted. * * @see #getExternalStorageState(File) */ public static final String MEDIA_UNMOUNTABLE = "unmountable"; /** * Storage state if the media is in the process of being ejected. * * @see #getExternalStorageState(File) */ public static final String MEDIA_EJECTING = "ejecting"; /** * Returns the current state of the primary "external" storage device. * * @see #getExternalStorageDirectory() * @return one of {@link #MEDIA_UNKNOWN}, {@link #MEDIA_REMOVED}, * {@link #MEDIA_UNMOUNTED}, {@link #MEDIA_CHECKING}, * {@link #MEDIA_NOFS}, {@link #MEDIA_MOUNTED}, * {@link #MEDIA_MOUNTED_READ_ONLY}, {@link #MEDIA_SHARED}, * {@link #MEDIA_BAD_REMOVAL}, or {@link #MEDIA_UNMOUNTABLE}. */ public static String getExternalStorageState() { final File externalDir = sCurrentUser.getExternalDirs()[0]; return getExternalStorageState(externalDir); } /** * @deprecated use {@link #getExternalStorageState(File)} */ @Deprecated public static String getStorageState(File path) { return getExternalStorageState(path); } /** * Returns the current state of the storage device that provides the given * path. * * @return one of {@link #MEDIA_UNKNOWN}, {@link #MEDIA_REMOVED}, * {@link #MEDIA_UNMOUNTED}, {@link #MEDIA_CHECKING}, * {@link #MEDIA_NOFS}, {@link #MEDIA_MOUNTED}, * {@link #MEDIA_MOUNTED_READ_ONLY}, {@link #MEDIA_SHARED}, * {@link #MEDIA_BAD_REMOVAL}, or {@link #MEDIA_UNMOUNTABLE}. */ public static String getExternalStorageState(File path) { final StorageVolume volume = StorageManager.getStorageVolume(path, UserHandle.myUserId()); if (volume != null) { return volume.getState(); } else { return MEDIA_UNKNOWN; } } /** * Returns whether the primary "external" storage device is removable. * * @return true if the storage device can be removed (such as an SD card), * or false if the storage device is built in and cannot be * physically removed. */ public static boolean isExternalStorageRemovable() { if (isStorageDisabled()) return false; final File externalDir = sCurrentUser.getExternalDirs()[0]; return isExternalStorageRemovable(externalDir); } /** * Returns whether the storage device that provides the given path is * removable. * * @return true if the storage device can be removed (such as an SD card), * or false if the storage device is built in and cannot be * physically removed. * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the path is not a valid storage * device. */ public static boolean isExternalStorageRemovable(File path) { final StorageVolume volume = StorageManager.getStorageVolume(path, UserHandle.myUserId()); if (volume != null) { return volume.isRemovable(); } else { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Failed to find storage device at " + path); } } /** * Returns whether the primary "external" storage device is emulated. If * true, data stored on this device will be stored on a portion of the * internal storage system. * * @see DevicePolicyManager#setStorageEncryption(android.content.ComponentName, * boolean) */ public static boolean isExternalStorageEmulated() { if (isStorageDisabled()) return false; final File externalDir = sCurrentUser.getExternalDirs()[0]; return isExternalStorageEmulated(externalDir); } /** * Returns whether the storage device that provides the given path is * emulated. If true, data stored on this device will be stored on a portion * of the internal storage system. * * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the path is not a valid storage * device. */ public static boolean isExternalStorageEmulated(File path) { final StorageVolume volume = StorageManager.getStorageVolume(path, UserHandle.myUserId()); if (volume != null) { return volume.isEmulated(); } else { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Failed to find storage device at " + path); } } static File getDirectory(String variableName, String defaultPath) { String path = System.getenv(variableName); return path == null ? new File(defaultPath) : new File(path); } /** {@hide} */ public static void setUserRequired(boolean userRequired) { sUserRequired = userRequired; } private static void throwIfUserRequired() { if (sUserRequired) { Log.wtf(TAG, "Path requests must specify a user by using UserEnvironment", new Throwable()); } } /** * Append path segments to each given base path, returning result. * * @hide */ public static File[] buildPaths(File[] base, String... segments) { File[] result = new File[base.length]; for (int i = 0; i < base.length; i++) { result[i] = buildPath(base[i], segments); } return result; } /** * Append path segments to given base path, returning result. * * @hide */ public static File buildPath(File base, String... segments) { File cur = base; for (String segment : segments) { if (cur == null) { cur = new File(segment); } else { cur = new File(cur, segment); } } return cur; } private static boolean isStorageDisabled() { return SystemProperties.getBoolean("config.disable_storage", false); } /** * If the given path exists on emulated external storage, return the * translated backing path hosted on internal storage. This bypasses any * emulation later, improving performance. This is only suitable * for read-only access. ** Returns original path if given path doesn't meet these criteria. Callers * must hold {@link android.Manifest.permission#WRITE_MEDIA_STORAGE} * permission. * * @hide */ public static File maybeTranslateEmulatedPathToInternal(File path) { return StorageManager.maybeTranslateEmulatedPathToInternal(path); } }