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+// Copyright (C) 2014 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#ifndef EMUGL_COMMON_LAZY_INSTANCE_H
+#define EMUGL_COMMON_LAZY_INSTANCE_H
+
+#include <new>
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#  define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN 1
+#  include <windows.h>
+#endif
+
+namespace emugl {
+namespace internal {
+
+// A LazyInstance is a helper template that can be used to perform
+// thread-safe lazy initialization of static C++ objects without forcing
+// the generation of C++ static constructors in the final executable.
+//
+// In a nutshell, you can replace a statement like:
+//
+//    static Foo gFoo;
+//
+// With:
+//
+//    static LazyInstance<Foo> gFoo = LAZY_INSTANCE_INIT;
+//
+// In the first case, a hidden static C++ constructor is embedded in the
+// final executable, and executed at *load* *time* to call the Foo::Foo
+// constructor on the gFoo object.
+//
+// On the second case, gFoo will only be initialized lazily, i.e. the first
+// time any code actually tries to access the variable.
+//
+// Note that access is slightly different, i.e.:
+//
+//    gFoo.get() returns a reference to the lazy-initialized object.
+//    gFoo.ptr() returns a pointer to it.
+//    gFoo->Something() is equivalent to doing gFoo.ptr()->Something().
+//
+// 'gFoo' is stored in the .bss section and this doesn't use heap allocation.
+// This class can only be used to perform lazy initialization through the
+// class' default constructor. For more specialized cases, you will have
+// to create a derived class, e.g.:
+//
+//    class FoorWithDefaultParams : public Foo {
+//    public:
+//       FooWithDefaultParams() : Foo(<default-parameters>) {}
+//    };
+//
+//    LazyInstance<FooWithDefaultParams> gFoo = LAZY_INSTANCE_INIT;
+//
+// The implementation of LazyInstance relies on atomic operations and
+// POD-struct class definitions, i.e. one that doesn't have any constructor,
+// destructor, virtual members, or private ones, and that can be
+// zero-initialized at link time.
+//
+// You can also use LazyInstance<> instances as static local variables,
+// e.g.:
+//
+//     Foo*  getFooSingleton() {
+//        static LazyInstance<Foo> sFoo = LAZY_INSTANCE_INIT;
+//        return sFoo.ptr();
+//     }
+//
+// This is useful on Windows which doesn't support thread-safe lazy
+// initialization of static C++ local variables, or when the code is
+// compiled with -fno-threadsafe-statics.
+//
+// This class is heavily inspired by Chromium's implementation of the
+// same-named class (see $CHROMIUM/src/base/lazy_instance.h).
+
+// Atomic state variable type. Used to ensure to synchronize concurrent
+// initialization and access without incurring the full cost of a mutex
+// lock/unlock.
+struct LazyInstanceState {
+    enum {
+        STATE_INIT = 0,
+        STATE_CONSTRUCTING = 1,
+        STATE_DONE = 2,
+    };
+
+    bool inInitState();
+    bool needConstruction();
+    void doneConstructing();
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    typedef LONG volatile AtomicType;
+#else
+    typedef int volatile AtomicType;
+#endif
+
+    volatile AtomicType mState;
+};
+
+#define LAZY_INSTANCE_STATE_INIT  \
+    { ::emugl::internal::LazyInstanceState::STATE_INIT }
+
+}  // namespace internal
+
+// LazyInstance template definition, see comment above for usage
+// instructions. It is crucial to make this a POD-struct compatible
+// type [1].
+//
+// [1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plain_Old_Data_Structures
+//
+template <class T>
+struct LazyInstance {
+    bool hasInstance() const { return !mState.inInitState(); }
+
+    T& get() const { return *ptr(); }
+
+    T* ptr() const;
+
+    const T* operator->() const { return ptr(); }
+
+    T* operator->() { return ptr(); }
+
+    T& operator*() { return get(); }
+
+    // Really private, do not use.
+    union {
+        mutable internal::LazyInstanceState mState;
+        double mPadding;
+    };
+    mutable char mStorage[sizeof(T)];
+};
+
+// Initialization value, must resolve to all-0 to ensure the object
+// instance is actually placed in the .bss
+#define LAZY_INSTANCE_INIT  { { LAZY_INSTANCE_STATE_INIT }, { 0 } }
+
+template <class T>
+T* LazyInstance<T>::ptr() const {
+    if (mState.needConstruction()) {
+        new (mStorage) T();
+        mState.doneConstructing();
+    }
+    return reinterpret_cast<T*>(mStorage);
+}
+
+}  // namespace emugl
+
+#endif  // EMUGL_COMMON_LAZY_INSTANCE_H