aboutsummaryrefslogtreecommitdiffstats
path: root/doc/bashref.ps
blob: 8eb5d433390bd58ec63f3b030c337acfe90f8362 (plain) 
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
1265
1266
1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289
1290
1291
1292
1293
1294
1295
1296
1297
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307
1308
1309
1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
1316
1317
1318
1319
1320
1321
1322
1323
1324
1325
1326
1327
1328
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333
1334
1335
1336
1337
1338
1339
1340
1341
1342
1343
1344
1345
1346
1347
1348
1349
1350
1351
1352
1353
1354
1355
1356
1357
1358
1359
1360
1361
1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
1368
1369
1370
1371
1372
1373
1374
1375
1376
1377
1378
1379
1380
1381
1382
1383
1384
1385
1386
1387
1388
1389
1390
1391
1392
1393
1394
1395
1396
1397
1398
1399
1400
1401
1402
1403
1404
1405
1406
1407
1408
1409
1410
1411
1412
1413
1414
1415
1416
1417
1418
1419
1420
1421
1422
1423
1424
1425
1426
1427
1428
1429
1430
1431
1432
1433
1434
1435
1436
1437
1438
1439
1440
1441
1442
1443
1444
1445
1446
1447
1448
1449
1450
1451
1452
1453
1454
1455
1456
1457
1458
1459
1460
1461
1462
1463
1464
1465
1466
1467
1468
1469
1470
1471
1472
1473
1474
1475
1476
1477
1478
1479
1480
1481
1482
1483
1484
1485
1486
1487
1488
1489
1490
1491
1492
1493
1494
1495
1496
1497
1498
1499
1500
1501
1502
1503
1504
1505
1506
1507
1508
1509
1510
1511
1512
1513
1514
1515
1516
1517
1518
1519
1520
1521
1522
1523
1524
1525
1526
1527
1528
1529
1530
1531
1532
1533
1534
1535
1536
1537
1538
1539
1540
1541
1542
1543
1544
1545
1546
1547
1548
1549
1550
1551
1552
1553
1554
1555
1556
1557
1558
1559
1560
1561
1562
1563
1564
1565
1566
1567
1568
1569
1570
1571
1572
1573
1574
1575
1576
1577
1578
1579
1580
1581
1582
1583
1584
1585
1586
1587
1588
1589
1590
1591
1592
1593
1594
1595
1596
1597
1598
1599
1600
1601
1602
1603
1604
1605
1606
1607
1608
1609
1610
1611
1612
1613
1614
1615
1616
1617
1618
1619
1620
1621
1622
1623
1624
1625
1626
1627
1628
1629
1630
1631
1632
1633
1634
1635
1636
1637
1638
1639
1640
1641
1642
1643
1644
1645
1646
1647
1648
1649
1650
1651
1652
1653
1654
1655
1656
1657
1658
1659
1660
1661
1662
1663
1664
1665
1666
1667
1668
1669
1670
1671
1672
1673
1674
1675
1676
1677
1678
1679
1680
1681
1682
1683
1684
1685
1686
1687
1688
1689
1690
1691
1692
1693
1694
1695
1696
1697
1698
1699
1700
1701
1702
1703
1704
1705
1706
1707
1708
1709
1710
1711
1712
1713
1714
1715
1716
1717
1718
1719
1720
1721
1722
1723
1724
1725
1726
1727
1728
1729
1730
1731
1732
1733
1734
1735
1736
1737
1738
1739
1740
1741
1742
1743
1744
1745
1746
1747
1748
1749
1750
1751
1752
1753
1754
1755
1756
1757
1758
1759
1760
1761
1762
1763
1764
1765
1766
1767
1768
1769
1770
1771
1772
1773
1774
1775
1776
1777
1778
1779
1780
1781
1782
1783
1784
1785
1786
1787
1788
1789
1790
1791
1792
1793
1794
1795
1796
1797
1798
1799
1800
1801
1802
1803
1804
1805
1806
1807
1808
1809
1810
1811
1812
1813
1814
1815
1816
1817
1818
1819
1820
1821
1822
1823
1824
1825
1826
1827
1828
1829
1830
1831
1832
1833
1834
1835
1836
1837
1838
1839
1840
1841
1842
1843
1844
1845
1846
1847
1848
1849
1850
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
1860
1861
1862
1863
1864
1865
1866
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032
2033
2034
2035
2036
2037
2038
2039
2040
2041
2042
2043
2044
2045
2046
2047
2048
2049
2050
2051
2052
2053
2054
2055
2056
2057
2058
2059
2060
2061
2062
2063
2064
2065
2066
2067
2068
2069
2070
2071
2072
2073
2074
2075
2076
2077
2078
2079
2080
2081
2082
2083
2084
2085
2086
2087
2088
2089
2090
2091
2092
2093
2094
2095
2096
2097
2098
2099
2100
2101
2102
2103
2104
2105
2106
2107
2108
2109
2110
2111
2112
2113
2114
2115
2116
2117
2118
2119
2120
2121
2122
2123
2124
2125
2126
2127
2128
2129
2130
2131
2132
2133
2134
2135
2136
2137
2138
2139
2140
2141
2142
2143
2144
2145
2146
2147
2148
2149
2150
2151
2152
2153
2154
2155
2156
2157
2158
2159
2160
2161
2162
2163
2164
2165
2166
2167
2168
2169
2170
2171
2172
2173
2174
2175
2176
2177
2178
2179
2180
2181
2182
2183
2184
2185
2186
2187
2188
2189
2190
2191
2192
2193
2194
2195
2196
2197
2198
2199
2200
2201
2202
2203
2204
2205
2206
2207
2208
2209
2210
2211
2212
2213
2214
2215
2216
2217
2218
2219
2220
2221
2222
2223
2224
2225
2226
2227
2228
2229
2230
2231
2232
2233
2234
2235
2236
2237
2238
2239
2240
2241
2242
2243
2244
2245
2246
2247
2248
2249
2250
2251
2252
2253
2254
2255
2256
2257
2258
2259
2260
2261
2262
2263
2264
2265
2266
2267
2268
2269
2270
2271
2272
2273
2274
2275
2276
2277
2278
2279
2280
2281
2282
2283
2284
2285
2286
2287
2288
2289
2290
2291
2292
2293
2294
2295
2296
2297
2298
2299
2300
2301
2302
2303
2304
2305
2306
2307
2308
2309
2310
2311
2312
2313
2314
2315
2316
2317
2318
2319
2320
2321
2322
2323
2324
2325
2326
2327
2328
2329
2330
2331
2332
2333
2334
2335
2336
2337
2338
2339
2340
2341
2342
2343
2344
2345
2346
2347
2348
2349
2350
2351
2352
2353
2354
2355
2356
2357
2358
2359
2360
2361
2362
2363
2364
2365
2366
2367
2368
2369
2370
2371
2372
2373
2374
2375
2376
2377
2378
2379
2380
2381
2382
2383
2384
2385
2386
2387
2388
2389
2390
2391
2392
2393
2394
2395
2396
2397
2398
2399
2400
2401
2402
2403
2404
2405
2406
2407
2408
2409
2410
2411
2412
2413
2414
2415
2416
2417
2418
2419
2420
2421
2422
2423
2424
2425
2426
2427
2428
2429
2430
2431
2432
2433
2434
2435
2436
2437
2438
2439
2440
2441
2442
2443
2444
2445
2446
2447
2448
2449
2450
2451
2452
2453
2454
2455
2456
2457
2458
2459
2460
2461
2462
2463
2464
2465
2466
2467
2468
2469
2470
2471
2472
2473
2474
2475
2476
2477
2478
2479
2480
2481
2482
2483
2484
2485
2486
2487
2488
2489
2490
2491
2492
2493
2494
2495
2496
2497
2498
2499
2500
2501
2502
2503
2504
2505
2506
2507
2508
2509
2510
2511
2512
2513
2514
2515
2516
2517
2518
2519
2520
2521
2522
2523
2524
2525
2526
2527
2528
2529
2530
2531
2532
2533
2534
2535
2536
2537
2538
2539
2540
2541
2542
2543
2544
2545
2546
2547
2548
2549
2550
2551
2552
2553
2554
2555
2556
2557
2558
2559
2560
2561
2562
2563
2564
2565
2566
2567
2568
2569
2570
2571
2572
2573
2574
2575
2576
2577
2578
2579
2580
2581
2582
2583
2584
2585
2586
2587
2588
2589
2590
2591
2592
2593
2594
2595
2596
2597
2598
2599
2600
2601
2602
2603
2604
2605
2606
2607
2608
2609
2610
2611
2612
2613
2614
2615
2616
2617
2618
2619
2620
2621
2622
2623
2624
2625
2626
2627
2628
2629
2630
2631
2632
2633
2634
2635
2636
2637
2638
2639
2640
2641
2642
2643
2644
2645
2646
2647
2648
2649
2650
2651
2652
2653
2654
2655
2656
2657
2658
2659
2660
2661
2662
2663
2664
2665
2666
2667
2668
2669
2670
2671
2672
2673
2674
2675
2676
2677
2678
2679
2680
2681
2682
2683
2684
2685
2686
2687
2688
2689
2690
2691
2692
2693
2694
2695
2696
2697
2698
2699
2700
2701
2702
2703
2704
2705
2706
2707
2708
2709
2710
2711
2712
2713
2714
2715
2716
2717
2718
2719
2720
2721
2722
2723
2724
2725
2726
2727
2728
2729
2730
2731
2732
2733
2734
2735
2736
2737
2738
2739
2740
2741
2742
2743
2744
2745
2746
2747
2748
2749
2750
2751
2752
2753
2754
2755
2756
2757
2758
2759
2760
2761
2762
2763
2764
2765
2766
2767
2768
2769
2770
2771
2772
2773
2774
2775
2776
2777
2778
2779
2780
2781
2782
2783
2784
2785
2786
2787
2788
2789
2790
2791
2792
2793
2794
2795
2796
2797
2798
2799
2800
2801
2802
2803
2804
2805
2806
2807
2808
2809
2810
2811
2812
2813
2814
2815
2816
2817
2818
2819
2820
2821
2822
2823
2824
2825
2826
2827
2828
2829
2830
2831
2832
2833
2834
2835
2836
2837
2838
2839
2840
2841
2842
2843
2844
2845
2846
2847
2848
2849
2850
2851
2852
2853
2854
2855
2856
2857
2858
2859
2860
2861
2862
2863
2864
2865
2866
2867
2868
2869
2870
2871
2872
2873
2874
2875
2876
2877
2878
2879
2880
2881
2882
2883
2884
2885
2886
2887
2888
2889
2890
2891
2892
2893
2894
2895
2896
2897
2898
2899
2900
2901
2902
2903
2904
2905
2906
2907
2908
2909
2910
2911
2912
2913
2914
2915
2916
2917
2918
2919
2920
2921
2922
2923
2924
2925
2926
2927
2928
2929
2930
2931
2932
2933
2934
2935
2936
2937
2938
2939
2940
2941
2942
2943
2944
2945
2946
2947
2948
2949
2950
2951
2952
2953
2954
2955
2956
2957
2958
2959
2960
2961
2962
2963
2964
2965
2966
2967
2968
2969
2970
2971
2972
2973
2974
2975
2976
2977
2978
2979
2980
2981
2982
2983
2984
2985
2986
2987
2988
2989
2990
2991
2992
2993
2994
2995
2996
2997
2998
2999
3000
3001
3002
3003
3004
3005
3006
3007
3008
3009
3010
3011
3012
3013
3014
3015
3016
3017
3018
3019
3020
3021
3022
3023
3024
3025
3026
3027
3028
3029
3030
3031
3032
3033
3034
3035
3036
3037
3038
3039
3040
3041
3042
3043
3044
3045
3046
3047
3048
3049
3050
3051
3052
3053
3054
3055
3056
3057
3058
3059
3060
3061
3062
3063
3064
3065
3066
3067
3068
3069
3070
3071
3072
3073
3074
3075
3076
3077
3078
3079
3080
3081
3082
3083
3084
3085
3086
3087
3088
3089
3090
3091
3092
3093
3094
3095
3096
3097
3098
3099
3100
3101
3102
3103
3104
3105
3106
3107
3108
3109
3110
3111
3112
3113
3114
3115
3116
3117
3118
3119
3120
3121
3122
3123
3124
3125
3126
3127
3128
3129
3130
3131
3132
3133
3134
3135
3136
3137
3138
3139
3140
3141
3142
3143
3144
3145
3146
3147
3148
3149
3150
3151
3152
3153
3154
3155
3156
3157
3158
3159
3160
3161
3162
3163
3164
3165
3166
3167
3168
3169
3170
3171
3172
3173
3174
3175
3176
3177
3178
3179
3180
3181
3182
3183
3184
3185
3186
3187
3188
3189
3190
3191
3192
3193
3194
3195
3196
3197
3198
3199
3200
3201
3202
3203
3204
3205
3206
3207
3208
3209
3210
3211
3212
3213
3214
3215
3216
3217
3218
3219
3220
3221
3222
3223
3224
3225
3226
3227
3228
3229
3230
3231
3232
3233
3234
3235
3236
3237
3238
3239
3240
3241
3242
3243
3244
3245
3246
3247
3248
3249
3250
3251
3252
3253
3254
3255
3256
3257
3258
3259
3260
3261
3262
3263
3264
3265
3266
3267
3268
3269
3270
3271
3272
3273
3274
3275
3276
3277
3278
3279
3280
3281
3282
3283
3284
3285
3286
3287
3288
3289
3290
3291
3292
3293
3294
3295
3296
3297
3298
3299
3300
3301
3302
3303
3304
3305
3306
3307
3308
3309
3310
3311
3312
3313
3314
3315
3316
3317
3318
3319
3320
3321
3322
3323
3324
3325
3326
3327
3328
3329
3330
3331
3332
3333
3334
3335
3336
3337
3338
3339
3340
3341
3342
3343
3344
3345
3346
3347
3348
3349
3350
3351
3352
3353
3354
3355
3356
3357
3358
3359
3360
3361
3362
3363
3364
3365
3366
3367
3368
3369
3370
3371
3372
3373
3374
3375
3376
3377
3378
3379
3380
3381
3382
3383
3384
3385
3386
3387
3388
3389
3390
3391
3392
3393
3394
3395
3396
3397
3398
3399
3400
3401
3402
3403
3404
3405
3406
3407
3408
3409
3410
3411
3412
3413
3414
3415
3416
3417
3418
3419
3420
3421
3422
3423
3424
3425
3426
3427
3428
3429
3430
3431
3432
3433
3434
3435
3436
3437
3438
3439
3440
3441
3442
3443
3444
3445
3446
3447
3448
3449
3450
3451
3452
3453
3454
3455
3456
3457
3458
3459
3460
3461
3462
3463
3464
3465
3466
3467
3468
3469
3470
3471
3472
3473
3474
3475
3476
3477
3478
3479
3480
3481
3482
3483
3484
3485
3486
3487
3488
3489
3490
3491
3492
3493
3494
3495
3496
3497
3498
3499
3500
3501
3502
3503
3504
3505
3506
3507
3508
3509
3510
3511
3512
3513
3514
3515
3516
3517
3518
3519
3520
3521
3522
3523
3524
3525
3526
3527
3528
3529
3530
3531
3532
3533
3534
3535
3536
3537
3538
3539
3540
3541
3542
3543
3544
3545
3546
3547
3548
3549
3550
3551
3552
3553
3554
3555
3556
3557
3558
3559
3560
3561
3562
3563
3564
3565
3566
3567
3568
3569
3570
3571
3572
3573
3574
3575
3576
3577
3578
3579
3580
3581
3582
3583
3584
3585
3586
3587
3588
3589
3590
3591
3592
3593
3594
3595
3596
3597
3598
3599
3600
3601
3602
3603
3604
3605
3606
3607
3608
3609
3610
3611
3612
3613
3614
3615
3616
3617
3618
3619
3620
3621
3622
3623
3624
3625
3626
3627
3628
3629
3630
3631
3632
3633
3634
3635
3636
3637
3638
3639
3640
3641
3642
3643
3644
3645
3646
3647
3648
3649
3650
3651
3652
3653
3654
3655
3656
3657
3658
3659
3660
3661
3662
3663
3664
3665
3666
3667
3668
3669
3670
3671
3672
3673
3674
3675
3676
3677
3678
3679
3680
3681
3682
3683
3684
3685
3686
3687
3688
3689
3690
3691
3692
3693
3694
3695
3696
3697
3698
3699
3700
3701
3702
3703
3704
3705
3706
3707
3708
3709
3710
3711
3712
3713
3714
3715
3716
3717
3718
3719
3720
3721
3722
3723
3724
3725
3726
3727
3728
3729
3730
3731
3732
3733
3734
3735
3736
3737
3738
3739
3740
3741
3742
3743
3744
3745
3746
3747
3748
3749
3750
3751
3752
3753
3754
3755
3756
3757
3758
3759
3760
3761
3762
3763
3764
3765
3766
3767
3768
3769
3770
3771
3772
3773
3774
3775
3776
3777
3778
3779
3780
3781
3782
3783
3784
3785
3786
3787
3788
3789
3790
3791
3792
3793
3794
3795
3796
3797
3798
3799
3800
3801
3802
3803
3804
3805
3806
3807
3808
3809
3810
3811
3812
3813
3814
3815
3816
3817
3818
3819
3820
3821
3822
3823
3824
3825
3826
3827
3828
3829
3830
3831
3832
3833
3834
3835
3836
3837
3838
3839
3840
3841
3842
3843
3844
3845
3846
3847
3848
3849
3850
3851
3852
3853
3854
3855
3856
3857
3858
3859
3860
3861
3862
3863
3864
3865
3866
3867
3868
3869
3870
3871
3872
3873
3874
3875
3876
3877
3878
3879
3880
3881
3882
3883
3884
3885
3886
3887
3888
3889
3890
3891
3892
3893
3894
3895
3896
3897
3898
3899
3900
3901
3902
3903
3904
3905
3906
3907
3908
3909
3910
3911
3912
3913
3914
3915
3916
3917
3918
3919
3920
3921
3922
3923
3924
3925
3926
3927
3928
3929
3930
3931
3932
3933
3934
3935
3936
3937
3938
3939
3940
3941
3942
3943
3944
3945
3946
3947
3948
3949
3950
3951
3952
3953
3954
3955
3956
3957
3958
3959
3960
3961
3962
3963
3964
3965
3966
3967
3968
3969
3970
3971
3972
3973
3974
3975
3976
3977
3978
3979
3980
3981
3982
3983
3984
3985
3986
3987
3988
3989
3990
3991
3992
3993
3994
3995
3996
3997
3998
3999
4000
4001
4002
4003
4004
4005
4006
4007
4008
4009
4010
4011
4012
4013
4014
4015
4016
4017
4018
4019
4020
4021
4022
4023
4024
4025
4026
4027
4028
4029
4030
4031
4032
4033
4034
4035
4036
4037
4038
4039
4040
4041
4042
4043
4044
4045
4046
4047
4048
4049
4050
4051
4052
4053
4054
4055
4056
4057
4058
4059
4060
4061
4062
4063
4064
4065
4066
4067
4068
4069
4070
4071
4072
4073
4074
4075
4076
4077
4078
4079
4080
4081
4082
4083
4084
4085
4086
4087
4088
4089
4090
4091
4092
4093
4094
4095
4096
4097
4098
4099
4100
4101
4102
4103
4104
4105
4106
4107
4108
4109
4110
4111
4112
4113
4114
4115
4116
4117
4118
4119
4120
4121
4122
4123
4124
4125
4126
4127
4128
4129
4130
4131
4132
4133
4134
4135
4136
4137
4138
4139
4140
4141
4142
4143
4144
4145
4146
4147
4148
4149
4150
4151
4152
4153
4154
4155
4156
4157
4158
4159
4160
4161
4162
4163
4164
4165
4166
4167
4168
4169
4170
4171
4172
4173
4174
4175
4176
4177
4178
4179
4180
4181
4182
4183
4184
4185
4186
4187
4188
4189
4190
4191
4192
4193
4194
4195
4196
4197
4198
4199
4200
4201
4202
4203
4204
4205
4206
4207
4208
4209
4210
4211
4212
4213
4214
4215
4216
4217
4218
4219
4220
4221
4222
4223
4224
4225
4226
4227
4228
4229
4230
4231
4232
4233
4234
4235
4236
4237
4238
4239
4240
4241
4242
4243
4244
4245
4246
4247
4248
4249
4250
4251
4252
4253
4254
4255
4256
4257
4258
4259
4260
4261
4262
4263
4264
4265
4266
4267
4268
4269
4270
4271
4272
4273
4274
4275
4276
4277
4278
4279
4280
4281
4282
4283
4284
4285
4286
4287
4288
4289
4290
4291
4292
4293
4294
4295
4296
4297
4298
4299
4300
4301
4302
4303
4304
4305
4306
4307
4308
4309
4310
4311
4312
4313
4314
4315
4316
4317
4318
4319
4320
4321
4322
4323
4324
4325
4326
4327
4328
4329
4330
4331
4332
4333
4334
4335
4336
4337
4338
4339
4340
4341
4342
4343
4344
4345
4346
4347
4348
4349
4350
4351
4352
4353
4354
4355
4356
4357
4358
4359
4360
4361
4362
4363
4364
4365
4366
4367
4368
4369
4370
4371
4372
4373
4374
4375
4376
4377
4378
4379
4380
4381
4382
4383
4384
4385
4386
4387
4388
4389
4390
4391
4392
4393
4394
4395
4396
4397
4398
4399
4400
4401
4402
4403
4404
4405
4406
4407
4408
4409
4410
4411
4412
4413
4414
4415
4416
4417
4418
4419
4420
4421
4422
4423
4424
4425
4426
4427
4428
4429
4430
4431
4432
4433
4434
4435
4436
4437
4438
4439
4440
4441
4442
4443
4444
4445
4446
4447
4448
4449
4450
4451
4452
4453
4454
4455
4456
4457
4458
4459
4460
4461
4462
4463
4464
4465
4466
4467
4468
4469
4470
4471
4472
4473
4474
4475
4476
4477
4478
4479
4480
4481
4482
4483
4484
4485
4486
4487
4488
4489
4490
4491
4492
4493
4494
4495
4496
4497
4498
4499
4500
4501
4502
4503
4504
4505
4506
4507
4508
4509
4510
4511
4512
4513
4514
4515
4516
4517
4518
4519
4520
4521
4522
4523
4524
4525
4526
4527
4528
4529
4530
4531
4532
4533
4534
4535
4536
4537
4538
4539
4540
4541
4542
4543
4544
4545
4546
4547
4548
4549
4550
4551
4552
4553
4554
4555
4556
4557
4558
4559
4560
4561
4562
4563
4564
4565
4566
4567
4568
4569
4570
4571
4572
4573
4574
4575
4576
4577
4578
4579
4580
4581
4582
4583
4584
4585
4586
4587
4588
4589
4590
4591
4592
4593
4594
4595
4596
4597
4598
4599
4600
4601
4602
4603
4604
4605
4606
4607
4608
4609
4610
4611
4612
4613
4614
4615
4616
4617
4618
4619
4620
4621
4622
4623
4624
4625
4626
4627
4628
4629
4630
4631
4632
4633
4634
4635
4636
4637
4638
4639
4640
4641
4642
4643
4644
4645
4646
4647
4648
4649
4650
4651
4652
4653
4654
4655
4656
4657
4658
4659
4660
4661
4662
4663
4664
4665
4666
4667
4668
4669
4670
4671
4672
4673
4674
4675
4676
4677
4678
4679
4680
4681
4682
4683
4684
4685
4686
4687
4688
4689
4690
4691
4692
4693
4694
4695
4696
4697
4698
4699
4700
4701
4702
4703
4704
4705
4706
4707
4708
4709
4710
4711
4712
4713
4714
4715
4716
4717
4718
4719
4720
4721
4722
4723
4724
4725
4726
4727
4728
4729
4730
4731
4732
4733
4734
4735
4736
4737
4738
4739
4740
4741
4742
4743
4744
4745
4746
4747
4748
4749
4750
4751
4752
4753
4754
4755
4756
4757
4758
4759
4760
4761
4762
4763
4764
4765
4766
4767
4768
4769
4770
4771
4772
4773
4774
4775
4776
4777
4778
4779
4780
4781
4782
4783
4784
4785
4786
4787
4788
4789
4790
4791
4792
4793
4794
4795
4796
4797
4798
4799
4800
4801
4802
4803
4804
4805
4806
4807
4808
4809
4810
4811
4812
4813
4814
4815
4816
4817
4818
4819
4820
4821
4822
4823
4824
4825
4826
4827
4828
4829
4830
4831
4832
4833
4834
4835
4836
4837
4838
4839
4840
4841
4842
4843
4844
4845
4846
4847
4848
4849
4850
4851
4852
4853
4854
4855
4856
4857
4858
4859
4860
4861
4862
4863
4864
4865
4866
4867
4868
4869
4870
4871
4872
4873
4874
4875
4876
4877
4878
4879
4880
4881
4882
4883
4884
4885
4886
4887
4888
4889
4890
4891
4892
4893
4894
4895
4896
4897
4898
4899
4900
4901
4902
4903
4904
4905
4906
4907
4908
4909
4910
4911
4912
4913
4914
4915
4916
4917
4918
4919
4920
4921
4922
4923
4924
4925
4926
4927
4928
4929
4930
4931
4932
4933
4934
4935
4936
4937
4938
4939
4940
4941
4942
4943
4944
4945
4946
4947
4948
4949
4950
4951
4952
4953
4954
4955
4956
4957
4958
4959
4960
4961
4962
4963
4964
4965
4966
4967
4968
4969
4970
4971
4972
4973
4974
4975
4976
4977
4978
4979
4980
4981
4982
4983
4984
4985
4986
4987
4988
4989
4990
4991
4992
4993
4994
4995
4996
4997
4998
4999
5000
5001
5002
5003
5004
5005
5006
5007
5008
5009
5010
5011
5012
5013
5014
5015
5016
5017
5018
5019
5020
5021
5022
5023
5024
5025
5026
5027
5028
5029
5030
5031
5032
5033
5034
5035
5036
5037
5038
5039
5040
5041
5042
5043
5044
5045
5046
5047
5048
5049
5050
5051
5052
5053
5054
5055
5056
5057
5058
5059
5060
5061
5062
5063
5064
5065
5066
5067
5068
5069
5070
5071
5072
5073
5074
5075
5076
5077
5078
5079
5080
5081
5082
5083
5084
5085
5086
5087
5088
5089
5090
5091
5092
5093
5094
5095
5096
5097
5098
5099
5100
5101
5102
5103
5104
5105
5106
5107
5108
5109
5110
5111
5112
5113
5114
5115
5116
5117
5118
5119
5120
5121
5122
5123
5124
5125
5126
5127
5128
5129
5130
5131
5132
5133
5134
5135
5136
5137
5138
5139
5140
5141
5142
5143
5144
5145
5146
5147
5148
5149
5150
5151
5152
5153
5154
5155
5156
5157
5158
5159
5160
5161
5162
5163
5164
5165
5166
5167
5168
5169
5170
5171
5172
5173
5174
5175
5176
5177
5178
5179
5180
5181
5182
5183
5184
5185
5186
5187
5188
5189
5190
5191
5192
5193
5194
5195
5196
5197
5198
5199
5200
5201
5202
5203
5204
5205
5206
5207
5208
5209
5210
5211
5212
5213
5214
5215
5216
5217
5218
5219
5220
5221
5222
5223
5224
5225
5226
5227
5228
5229
5230
5231
5232
5233
5234
5235
5236
5237
5238
5239
5240
5241
5242
5243
5244
5245
5246
5247
5248
5249
5250
5251
5252
5253
5254
5255
5256
5257
5258
5259
5260
5261
5262
5263
5264
5265
5266
5267
5268
5269
5270
5271
5272
5273
5274
5275
5276
5277
5278
5279
5280
5281
5282
5283
5284
5285
5286
5287
5288
5289
5290
5291
5292
5293
5294
5295
5296
5297
5298
5299
5300
5301
5302
5303
5304
5305
5306
5307
5308
5309
5310
5311
5312
5313
5314
5315
5316
5317
5318
5319
5320
5321
5322
5323
5324
5325
5326
5327
5328
5329
5330
5331
5332
5333
5334
5335
5336
5337
5338
5339
5340
5341
5342
5343
5344
5345
5346
5347
5348
5349
5350
5351
5352
5353
5354
5355
5356
5357
5358
5359
5360
5361
5362
5363
5364
5365
5366
5367
5368
5369
5370
5371
5372
5373
5374
5375
5376
5377
5378
5379
5380
5381
5382
5383
5384
5385
5386
5387
5388
5389
5390
5391
5392
5393
5394
5395
5396
5397
5398
5399
5400
5401
5402
5403
5404
5405
5406
5407
5408
5409
5410
5411
5412
5413
5414
5415
5416
5417
5418
5419
5420
5421
5422
5423
5424
5425
5426
5427
5428
5429
5430
5431
5432
5433
5434
5435
5436
5437
5438
5439
5440
5441
5442
5443
5444
5445
5446
5447
5448
5449
5450
5451
5452
5453
5454
5455
5456
5457
5458
5459
5460
5461
5462
5463
5464
5465
5466
5467
5468
5469
5470
5471
5472
5473
5474
5475
5476
5477
5478
5479
5480
5481
5482
5483
5484
5485
5486
5487
5488
5489
5490
5491
5492
5493
5494
5495
5496
5497
5498
5499
5500
5501
5502
5503
5504
5505
5506
5507
5508
5509
5510
5511
5512
5513
5514
5515
5516
5517
5518
5519
5520
5521
5522
5523
5524
5525
5526
5527
5528
5529
5530
5531
5532
5533
5534
5535
5536
5537
5538
5539
5540
5541
5542
5543
5544
5545
5546
5547
5548
5549
5550
5551
5552
5553
5554
5555
5556
5557
5558
5559
5560
5561
5562
5563
5564
5565
5566
5567
5568
5569
5570
5571
5572
5573
5574
5575
5576
5577
5578
5579
5580
5581
5582
5583
5584
5585
5586
5587
5588
5589
5590
5591
5592
5593
5594
5595
5596
5597
5598
5599
5600
5601
5602
5603
5604
5605
5606
5607
5608
5609
5610
5611
5612
5613
5614
5615
5616
5617
5618
5619
5620
5621
5622
5623
5624
5625
5626
5627
5628
5629
5630
5631
5632
5633
5634
5635
5636
5637
5638
5639
5640
5641
5642
5643
5644
5645
5646
5647
5648
5649
5650
5651
5652
5653
5654
5655
5656
5657
5658
5659
5660
5661
5662
5663
5664
5665
5666
5667
5668
5669
5670
5671
5672
5673
5674
5675
5676
5677
5678
5679
5680
5681
5682
5683
5684
5685
5686
5687
5688
5689
5690
5691
5692
5693
5694
5695
5696
5697
5698
5699
5700
5701
5702
5703
5704
5705
5706
5707
5708
5709
5710
5711
5712
5713
5714
5715
5716
5717
5718
5719
5720
5721
5722
5723
5724
5725
5726
5727
5728
5729
5730
5731
5732
5733
5734
5735
5736
5737
5738
5739
5740
5741
5742
5743
5744
5745
5746
5747
5748
5749
5750
5751
5752
5753
5754
5755
5756
5757
5758
5759
5760
5761
5762
5763
5764
5765
5766
5767
5768
5769
5770
5771
5772
5773
5774
5775
5776
5777
5778
5779
5780
5781
5782
5783
5784
5785
5786
5787
5788
5789
5790
5791
5792
5793
5794
5795
5796
5797
5798
5799
5800
5801
5802
5803
5804
5805
5806
5807
5808
5809
5810
5811
5812
5813
5814
5815
5816
5817
5818
5819
5820
5821
5822
5823
5824
5825
5826
5827
5828
5829
5830
5831
5832
5833
5834
5835
5836
5837
5838
5839
5840
5841
5842
5843
5844
5845
5846
5847
5848
5849
5850
5851
5852
5853
5854
5855
5856
5857
5858
5859
5860
5861
5862
5863
5864
5865
5866
5867
5868
5869
5870
5871
5872
5873
5874
5875
5876
5877
5878
5879
5880
5881
5882
5883
5884
5885
5886
5887
5888
5889
5890
5891
5892
5893
5894
5895
5896
5897
5898
5899
5900
5901
5902
5903
5904
5905
5906
5907
5908
5909
5910
5911
5912
5913
5914
5915
5916
5917
5918
5919
5920
5921
5922
5923
5924
5925
5926
5927
5928
5929
5930
5931
5932
5933
5934
5935
5936
5937
5938
5939
5940
5941
5942
5943
5944
5945
5946
5947
5948
5949
5950
5951
5952
5953
5954
5955
5956
5957
5958
5959
5960
5961
5962
5963
5964
5965
5966
5967
5968
5969
5970
5971
5972
5973
5974
5975
5976
5977
5978
5979
5980
5981
5982
5983
5984
5985
5986
5987
5988
5989
5990
5991
5992
5993
5994
5995
5996
5997
5998
5999
6000
6001
6002
6003
6004
6005
6006
6007
6008
6009
6010
6011
6012
6013
6014
6015
6016
6017
6018
6019
6020
6021
6022
6023
6024
6025
6026
6027
6028
6029
6030
6031
6032
6033
6034
6035
6036
6037
6038
6039
6040
6041
6042
6043
6044
6045
6046
6047
6048
6049
6050
6051
6052
6053
6054
6055
6056
6057
6058
6059
6060
6061
6062
6063
6064
6065
6066
6067
6068
6069
6070
6071
6072
6073
6074
6075
6076
6077
6078
6079
6080
6081
6082
6083
6084
6085
6086
6087
6088
6089
6090
6091
6092
6093
6094
6095
6096
6097
6098
6099
6100
6101
6102
6103
6104
6105
6106
6107
6108
6109
6110
6111
6112
6113
6114
6115
6116
6117
6118
6119
6120
6121
6122
6123
6124
6125
6126
6127
6128
6129
6130
6131
6132
6133
6134
6135
6136
6137
6138
6139
6140
6141
6142
6143
6144
6145
6146
6147
6148
6149
6150
6151
6152
6153
6154
6155
6156
6157
6158
6159
6160
6161
6162
6163
6164
6165
6166
6167
6168
6169
6170
6171
6172
6173
6174
6175
6176
6177
6178
6179
6180
6181
6182
6183
6184
6185
6186
6187
6188
6189
6190
6191
6192
6193
6194
6195
6196
6197
6198
6199
6200
6201
6202
6203
6204
6205
6206
6207
6208
6209
6210
6211
6212
6213
6214
6215
6216
6217
6218
6219
6220
6221
6222
6223
6224
6225
6226
6227
6228
6229
6230
6231
6232
6233
6234
6235
6236
6237
6238
6239
6240
6241
6242
6243
6244
6245
6246
6247
6248
6249
6250
6251
6252
6253
6254
6255
6256
6257
6258
6259
6260
6261
6262
6263
6264
6265
6266
6267
6268
6269
6270
6271
6272
6273
6274
6275
6276
6277
6278
6279
6280
6281
6282
6283
6284
6285
6286
6287
6288
6289
6290
6291
6292
6293
6294
6295
6296
6297
6298
6299
6300
6301
6302
6303
6304
6305
6306
6307
6308
6309
6310
6311
6312
6313
6314
6315
6316
6317
6318
6319
6320
6321
6322
6323
6324
6325
6326
6327
6328
6329
6330
6331
6332
6333
6334
6335
6336
6337
6338
6339
6340
6341
6342
6343
6344
6345
6346
6347
6348
6349
6350
6351
6352
6353
6354
6355
6356
6357
6358
6359
6360
6361
6362
6363
6364
6365
6366
6367
6368
6369
6370
6371
6372
6373
6374
6375
6376
6377
6378
6379
6380
6381
6382
6383
6384
6385
6386
6387
6388
6389
6390
6391
6392
6393
6394
6395
6396
6397
6398
6399
6400
6401
6402
6403
6404
6405
6406
6407
6408
6409
6410
6411
6412
6413
6414
6415
6416
6417
6418
6419
6420
6421
6422
6423
6424
6425
6426
6427
6428
6429
6430
6431
6432
6433
6434
6435
6436
6437
6438
6439
6440
6441
6442
6443
6444
6445
6446
6447
6448
6449
6450
6451
6452
6453
6454
6455
6456
6457
6458
6459
6460
6461
6462
6463
6464
6465
6466
6467
6468
6469
6470
6471
6472
6473
6474
6475
6476
6477
6478
6479
6480
6481
6482
6483
6484
6485
6486
6487
6488
6489
6490
6491
6492
6493
6494
6495
6496
6497
6498
6499
6500
6501
6502
6503
6504
6505
6506
6507
6508
6509
6510
6511
6512
6513
6514
6515
6516
6517
6518
6519
6520
6521
6522
6523
6524
6525
6526
6527
6528
6529
6530
6531
6532
6533
6534
6535
6536
6537
6538
6539
6540
6541
6542
6543
6544
6545
6546
6547
6548
6549
6550
6551
6552
6553
6554
6555
6556
6557
6558
6559
6560
6561
6562
6563
6564
6565
6566
6567
6568
6569
6570
6571
6572
6573
6574
6575
6576
6577
6578
6579
6580
6581
6582
6583
6584
6585
6586
6587
6588
6589
6590
6591
6592
6593
6594
6595
6596
6597
6598
6599
6600
6601
6602
6603
6604
6605
6606
6607
6608
6609
6610
6611
6612
6613
6614
6615
6616
6617
6618
6619
6620
6621
6622
6623
6624
6625
6626
6627
6628
6629
6630
6631
6632
6633
6634
6635
6636
6637
6638
6639
6640
6641
6642
6643
6644
6645
6646
6647
6648
6649
6650
6651
6652
6653
6654
6655
6656
6657
6658
6659
6660
6661
6662
6663
6664
6665
6666
6667
6668
6669
6670
6671
6672
6673
6674
6675
6676
6677
6678
6679
6680
6681
6682
6683
6684
6685
6686
6687
6688
6689
6690
6691
6692
6693
6694
6695
6696
6697
6698
6699
6700
6701
6702
6703
6704
6705
6706
6707
6708
6709
6710
6711
6712
6713
6714
6715
6716
6717
6718
6719
6720
6721
6722
6723
6724
6725
6726
6727
6728
6729
6730
6731
6732
6733
6734
6735
6736
6737
6738
6739
6740
6741
6742
6743
6744
6745
6746
6747
6748
6749
6750
6751
6752
6753
6754
6755
6756
6757
6758
6759
6760
6761
6762
6763
6764
6765
6766
6767
6768
6769
6770
6771
6772
6773
6774
6775
6776
6777
6778
6779
6780
6781
6782
6783
6784
6785
6786
6787
6788
6789
6790
6791
6792
6793
6794
6795
6796
6797
6798
6799
6800
6801
6802
6803
6804
6805
6806
6807
6808
6809
6810
6811
6812
6813
6814
6815
6816
6817
6818
6819
6820
6821
6822
6823
6824
6825
6826
6827
6828
6829
6830
6831
6832
6833
6834
6835
6836
6837
6838
6839
6840
6841
6842
6843
6844
6845
6846
6847
6848
6849
6850
6851
6852
6853
6854
6855
6856
6857
6858
6859
6860
6861
6862
6863
6864
6865
6866
6867
6868
6869
6870
6871
6872
6873
6874
6875
6876
6877
6878
6879
6880
6881
6882
6883
6884
6885
6886
6887
6888
6889
6890
6891
6892
6893
6894
6895
6896
6897
6898
6899
6900
6901
6902
6903
6904
6905
6906
6907
6908
6909
6910
6911
6912
6913
6914
6915
6916
6917
6918
6919
6920
6921
6922
6923
6924
6925
6926
6927
6928
6929
6930
6931
6932
6933
6934
6935
6936
6937
6938
6939
6940
6941
6942
6943
6944
6945
6946
6947
6948
6949
6950
6951
6952
6953
6954
6955
6956
6957
6958
6959
6960
6961
6962
6963
6964
6965
6966
6967
6968
6969
6970
6971
6972
6973
6974
6975
6976
6977
6978
6979
6980
6981
6982
6983
6984
6985
6986
6987
6988
6989
6990
6991
6992
6993
6994
6995
6996
6997
6998
6999
7000
7001
7002
7003
7004
7005
7006
7007
7008
7009
7010
7011
7012
7013
7014
7015
7016
7017
7018
7019
7020
7021
7022
7023
7024
7025
7026
7027
7028
7029
7030
7031
7032
7033
7034
7035
7036
7037
7038
7039
7040
7041
7042
7043
7044
7045
7046
7047
7048
7049
7050
7051
7052
7053
7054
7055
7056
7057
7058
7059
7060
7061
7062
7063
7064
7065
7066
7067
7068
7069
7070
7071
7072
7073
7074
7075
7076
7077
7078
7079
7080
7081
7082
7083
7084
7085
7086
7087
7088
7089
7090
7091
7092
7093
7094
7095
7096
7097
7098
7099
7100
7101
7102
7103
7104
7105
7106
7107
7108
7109
7110
7111
7112
7113
7114
7115
7116
7117
7118
7119
7120
7121
7122
7123
7124
7125
7126
7127
7128
7129
7130
7131
7132
7133
7134
7135
7136
7137
7138
7139
7140
7141
7142
7143
7144
7145
7146
7147
7148
7149
7150
7151
7152
7153
7154
7155
7156
7157
7158
7159
7160
7161
7162
7163
7164
7165
7166
7167
7168
7169
7170
7171
7172
7173
7174
7175
7176
7177
7178
7179
7180
7181
7182
7183
7184
7185
7186
7187
7188
7189
7190
7191
7192
7193
7194
7195
7196
7197
7198
7199
7200
7201
7202
7203
7204
7205
7206
7207
7208
7209
7210
7211
7212
7213
7214
7215
7216
7217
7218
7219
7220
7221
7222
7223
7224
7225
7226
7227
7228
7229
7230
7231
7232
7233
7234
7235
7236
7237
7238
7239
7240
7241
7242
7243
7244
7245
7246
7247
7248
7249
7250
7251
7252
7253
7254
7255
7256
7257
7258
7259
7260
7261
7262
7263
7264
7265
7266
7267
7268
7269
7270
7271
7272
7273
7274
7275
7276
7277
7278
7279
7280
7281
7282
7283
7284
7285
7286
7287
7288
7289
7290
7291
7292
7293
7294
7295
7296
7297
7298
7299
7300
7301
7302
7303
7304
7305
7306
7307
7308
7309
7310
7311
7312
7313
7314
7315
7316
7317
7318
7319
7320
7321
7322
7323
7324
7325
7326
7327
7328
7329
7330
7331
7332
7333
7334
7335
7336
7337
7338
7339
7340
7341
7342
7343
7344
7345
7346
7347
7348
7349
7350
7351
7352
7353
7354
7355
7356
7357
7358
7359
7360
7361
7362
7363
7364
7365
7366
7367
7368
7369
7370
7371
7372
7373
7374
7375
7376
7377
7378
7379
7380
7381
7382
7383
7384
7385
7386
7387
7388
7389
7390
7391
7392
7393
7394
7395
7396
7397
7398
7399
7400
7401
7402
7403
7404
7405
7406
7407
7408
7409
7410
7411
7412
7413
7414
7415
7416
7417
7418
7419
7420
7421
7422
7423
7424
7425
7426
7427
7428
7429
7430
7431
7432
7433
7434
7435
7436
7437
7438
7439
7440
7441
7442
7443
7444
7445
7446
7447
7448
7449
7450
7451
7452
7453
7454
7455
7456
7457
7458
7459
7460
7461
7462
7463
7464
7465
7466
7467
7468
7469
7470
7471
7472
7473
7474
7475
7476
7477
7478
7479
7480
7481
7482
7483
7484
7485
7486
7487
7488
7489
7490
7491
7492
7493
7494
7495
7496
7497
7498
7499
7500
7501
7502
7503
7504
7505
7506
7507
7508
7509
7510
7511
7512
7513
7514
7515
7516
7517
7518
7519
7520
7521
7522
7523
7524
7525
7526
7527
7528
7529
7530
7531
7532
7533
7534
7535
7536
7537
7538
7539
7540
7541
7542
7543
7544
7545
7546
7547
7548
7549
7550
7551
7552
7553
7554
7555
7556
7557
7558
7559
7560
7561
7562
7563
7564
7565
7566
7567
7568
7569
7570
7571
7572
7573
7574
7575
7576
7577
7578
7579
7580
7581
7582
7583
7584
7585
7586
7587
7588
7589
7590
7591
7592
7593
7594
7595
7596
7597
7598
7599
7600
7601
7602
7603
7604
7605
7606
7607
7608
7609
7610
7611
7612
7613
7614
7615
7616
7617
7618
7619
7620
7621
7622
7623
7624
7625
7626
7627
7628
7629
7630
7631
7632
7633
7634
7635
7636
7637
7638
7639
7640
7641
7642
7643
7644
7645
7646
7647
7648
7649
7650
7651
7652
7653
7654
7655
7656
7657
7658
7659
7660
7661
7662
7663
7664
7665
7666
7667
7668
7669
7670
7671
7672
7673
7674
7675
7676
7677
7678
7679
7680
7681
7682
7683
7684
7685
7686
7687
7688
7689
7690
7691
7692
7693
7694
7695
7696
7697
7698
7699
7700
7701
7702
7703
7704
7705
7706
7707
7708
7709
7710
7711
7712
7713
7714
7715
7716
7717
7718
7719
7720
7721
7722
7723
7724
7725
7726
7727
7728
7729
7730
7731
7732
7733
7734
7735
7736
7737
7738
7739
7740
7741
7742
7743
7744
7745
7746
7747
7748
7749
7750
7751
7752
7753
7754
7755
7756
7757
7758
7759
7760
7761
7762
7763
7764
7765
7766
7767
7768
7769
7770
7771
7772
7773
7774
7775
7776
7777
7778
7779
7780
7781
7782
7783
7784
7785
7786
7787
7788
7789
7790
7791
7792
7793
7794
7795
7796
7797
7798
7799
7800
7801
7802
7803
7804
7805
7806
7807
7808
7809
7810
7811
7812
7813
7814
7815
7816
7817
7818
7819
7820
7821
7822
7823
7824
7825
7826
7827
7828
7829
7830
7831
7832
7833
7834
7835
7836
7837
7838
7839
7840
7841
7842
7843
7844
7845
7846
7847
7848
7849
7850
7851
7852
7853
7854
7855
7856
7857
7858
7859
7860
7861
7862
7863
7864
7865
7866
7867
7868
7869
7870
7871
7872
7873
7874
7875
7876
7877
7878
7879
7880
7881
7882
7883
7884
7885
7886
7887
7888
7889
7890
7891
7892
7893
7894
7895
7896
7897
7898
7899
7900
7901
7902
7903
7904
7905
7906
7907
7908
7909
7910
7911
7912
7913
7914
7915
7916
7917
7918
7919
7920
7921
7922
7923
7924
7925
7926
7927
7928
7929
7930
7931
7932
7933
7934
7935
7936
7937
7938
7939
7940
7941
7942
7943
7944
7945
7946
7947
7948
7949
7950
7951
7952
7953
7954
7955
7956
7957
7958
7959
7960
7961
7962
7963
7964
7965
7966
7967
7968
7969
7970
7971
7972
7973
7974
7975
7976
7977
7978
7979
7980
7981
7982
7983
7984
7985
7986
7987
7988
7989
7990
7991
7992
7993
7994
7995
7996
7997
7998
7999
8000
8001
8002
8003
8004
8005
8006
8007
8008
8009
8010
8011
8012
8013
8014
8015
8016
8017
8018
8019
8020
8021
8022
8023
8024
8025
8026
8027
8028
8029
8030
8031
8032
8033
8034
8035
8036
8037
8038
8039
8040
8041
8042
8043
8044
8045
8046
8047
8048
8049
8050
8051
8052
8053
8054
8055
8056
8057
8058
8059
8060
8061
8062
8063
8064
8065
8066
8067
8068
8069
8070
8071
8072
8073
8074
8075
8076
8077
8078
8079
8080
8081
8082
8083
8084
8085
8086
8087
8088
8089
8090
8091
8092
8093
8094
8095
8096
8097
8098
8099
8100
8101
8102
8103
8104
8105
8106
8107
8108
8109
8110
8111
8112
8113
8114
8115
8116
8117
8118
8119
8120
8121
8122
8123
8124
8125
8126
8127
8128
8129
8130
8131
8132
8133
8134
8135
8136
8137
8138
8139
8140
8141
8142
8143
8144
8145
8146
8147
8148
8149
8150
8151
8152
8153
8154
8155
8156
8157
8158
8159
8160
8161
8162
8163
8164
8165
8166
8167
8168
8169
8170
8171
8172
8173
8174
8175
8176
8177
8178
8179
8180
8181
8182
8183
8184
8185
8186
8187
8188
8189
8190
8191
8192
8193
8194
8195
8196
8197
8198
8199
8200
8201
8202
8203
8204
8205
8206
8207
8208
8209
8210
8211
8212
8213
8214
8215
8216
8217
8218
8219
8220
8221
8222
8223
8224
8225
8226
8227
8228
8229
8230
8231
8232
8233
8234
8235
8236
8237
8238
8239
8240
8241
8242
8243
8244
8245
8246
8247
8248
8249
8250
8251
8252
8253
8254
8255
8256
8257
8258
8259
8260
8261
8262
8263
8264
8265
8266
8267
8268
8269
8270
8271
8272
8273
8274
8275
8276
8277
8278
8279
8280
8281
8282
8283
8284
8285
8286
8287
8288
8289
8290
8291
8292
8293
8294
8295
8296
8297
8298
8299
8300
8301
8302
8303
8304
8305
8306
8307
8308
8309
8310
8311
8312
8313
8314
8315
8316
8317
8318
8319
8320
8321
8322
8323
8324
8325
8326
8327
8328
8329
8330
8331
8332
8333
8334
8335
8336
8337
8338
8339
8340
8341
8342
8343
8344
8345
8346
8347
8348
8349
8350
8351
8352
8353
8354
8355
8356
8357
8358
8359
8360
8361
8362
8363
8364
8365
8366
8367
8368
8369
8370
8371
8372
8373
8374
8375
8376
8377
8378
8379
8380
8381
8382
8383
8384
8385
8386
8387
8388
8389
8390
8391
8392
8393
8394
8395
8396
8397
8398
8399
8400
8401
8402
8403
8404
8405
8406
8407
8408
8409
8410
8411
8412
8413
8414
8415
8416
8417
8418
8419
8420
8421
8422
8423
8424
8425
8426
8427
8428
8429
8430
8431
8432
8433
8434
8435
8436
8437
8438
8439
8440
8441
8442
8443
8444
8445
8446
8447
8448
8449
8450
8451
8452
8453
8454
8455
8456
8457
8458
8459
8460
8461
8462
8463
8464
8465
8466
8467
8468
8469
8470
8471
8472
8473
8474
8475
8476
8477
8478
8479
8480
8481
8482
8483
8484
8485
8486
8487
8488
8489
8490
8491
8492
8493
8494
8495
8496
8497
8498
8499
8500
8501
8502
8503
8504
8505
8506
8507
8508
8509
8510
8511
8512
8513
8514
8515
8516
8517
8518
8519
8520
8521
8522
8523
8524
8525
8526
8527
8528
8529
8530
8531
8532
8533
8534
8535
8536
8537
8538
8539
8540
8541
8542
8543
8544
8545
8546
8547
8548
8549
8550
8551
8552
8553
8554
8555
8556
8557
8558
8559
8560
8561
8562
8563
8564
8565
8566
8567
8568
8569
8570
8571
8572
8573
8574
8575
8576
8577
8578
8579
8580
8581
8582
8583
8584
8585
8586
8587
8588
8589
8590
8591
8592
8593
8594
8595
8596
8597
8598
8599
8600
8601
8602
8603
8604
8605
8606
8607
8608
8609
8610
8611
8612
8613
8614
8615
8616
8617
8618
8619
8620
8621
8622
8623
8624
8625
8626
8627
8628
8629
8630
8631
8632
8633
8634
8635
8636
8637
8638
8639
8640
8641
8642
8643
8644
8645
8646
8647
8648
8649
8650
8651
8652
8653
8654
8655
8656
8657
8658
8659
8660
8661
8662
8663
8664
8665
8666
8667
8668
8669
8670
8671
8672
8673
8674
8675
8676
8677
8678
8679
8680
8681
8682
8683
8684
8685
8686
8687
8688
8689
8690
8691
8692
8693
8694
8695
8696
8697
8698
8699
8700
8701
8702
8703
8704
8705
8706
8707
8708
8709
8710
8711
8712
8713
8714
8715
8716
8717
8718
8719
8720
8721
8722
8723
8724
8725
8726
8727
8728
8729
8730
8731
8732
8733
8734
8735
8736
8737
8738
8739
8740
8741
8742
8743
8744
8745
8746
8747
8748
8749
8750
8751
8752
8753
8754
8755
8756
8757
8758
8759
8760
8761
8762
8763
8764
8765
8766
8767
8768
8769
8770
8771
8772
8773
8774
8775
8776
8777
8778
8779
8780
8781
8782
8783
8784
8785
8786
8787
8788
8789
8790
8791
8792
8793
8794
8795
8796
8797
8798
8799
8800
8801
8802
8803
8804
8805
8806
8807
8808
8809
8810
8811
8812
8813
8814
8815
8816
8817
8818
8819
8820
8821
8822
8823
8824
8825
8826
8827
8828
8829
8830
8831
8832
8833
8834
8835
8836
8837
8838
8839
8840
8841
8842
8843
8844
8845
8846
8847
8848
8849
8850
8851
8852
8853
8854
8855
8856
8857
8858
8859
8860
8861
8862
8863
8864
8865
8866
8867
8868
8869
8870
8871
8872
8873
8874
8875
8876
8877
8878
8879
8880
8881
8882
8883
8884
8885
8886
8887
8888
8889
8890
8891
8892
8893
8894
8895
8896
8897
8898
8899
8900
8901
8902
8903
8904
8905
8906
8907
8908
8909
8910
8911
8912
8913
8914
8915
8916
8917
8918
8919
8920
8921
8922
8923
8924
8925
8926
8927
8928
8929
8930
8931
8932
8933
8934
8935
8936
8937
8938
8939
8940
8941
8942
8943
8944
8945
8946
8947
8948
8949
8950
8951
8952
8953
8954
8955
8956
8957
8958
8959
8960
8961
8962
8963
8964
8965
8966
8967
8968
8969
8970
8971
8972
8973
8974
8975
8976
8977
8978
8979
8980
8981
8982
8983
8984
8985
8986
8987
8988
8989
8990
8991
8992
8993
8994
8995
8996
8997
8998
8999
9000
9001
9002
9003
9004
9005
9006
9007
9008
9009
9010
9011
9012
9013
9014
9015
9016
9017
9018
9019
9020
9021
9022
9023
9024
9025
9026
9027
9028
9029
9030
9031
9032
9033
9034
9035
9036
9037
9038
9039
9040
9041
9042
9043
9044
9045
9046
9047
9048
9049
9050
9051
9052
9053
9054
9055
9056
9057
9058
9059
9060
9061
9062
9063
9064
9065
9066
9067
9068
9069
9070
9071
9072
9073
9074
9075
9076
9077
9078
9079
9080
9081
9082
9083
9084
9085
9086
9087
9088
9089
9090
9091
9092
9093
9094
9095
9096
9097
9098
9099
9100
9101
9102
9103
9104
9105
9106
9107
9108
9109
9110
9111
9112
9113
9114
9115
9116
9117
9118
9119
9120
9121
9122
9123
9124
9125
9126
9127
9128
9129
9130
9131
9132
9133
9134
9135
9136
9137
9138
9139
9140
9141
9142
9143
9144
9145
9146
9147
9148
9149
9150
9151
9152
9153
9154
9155
9156
9157
9158
9159
9160
9161
9162
9163
9164
9165
9166
9167
9168
9169
9170
9171
9172
9173
9174
9175
9176
9177
9178
9179
9180
9181
9182
9183
9184
9185
9186
9187
9188
9189
9190
9191
9192
9193
9194
9195
9196
9197
9198
9199
9200
9201
9202
9203
9204
9205
9206
9207
9208
9209
9210
9211
9212
9213
9214
9215
9216
9217
9218
9219
9220
9221
9222
9223
9224
9225
9226
9227
9228
9229
9230
9231
9232
9233
9234
9235
9236
9237
9238
9239
9240
9241
9242
9243
9244
9245
9246
9247
9248
9249
9250
9251
9252
9253
9254
9255
9256
9257
9258
9259
9260
9261
9262
9263
9264
9265
9266
9267
9268
9269
9270
9271
9272
9273
9274
9275
9276
9277
9278
9279
9280
9281
9282
9283
9284
9285
9286
9287
9288
9289
9290
9291
9292
9293
9294
9295
9296
9297
9298
9299
9300
9301
9302
9303
9304
9305
9306
9307
9308
9309
9310
9311
9312
9313
9314
9315
9316
9317
9318
9319
9320
9321
9322
9323
9324
9325
9326
9327
9328
9329
9330
9331
9332
9333
9334
9335
9336
9337
9338
9339
9340
9341
9342
9343
9344
9345
9346
9347
9348
9349
9350
9351
9352
9353
9354
9355
9356
9357
9358
9359
9360
9361
9362
9363
9364
9365
9366
9367
9368
9369
9370
9371
9372
9373
9374
9375
9376
9377
9378
9379
9380
9381
9382
9383
9384
9385
9386
9387
9388
9389
9390
9391
9392
9393
9394
9395
9396
9397
9398
9399
9400
9401
9402
9403
9404
9405
9406
9407
9408
9409
9410
9411
9412
9413
9414
9415
9416
9417
9418
9419
9420
9421
9422
9423
9424
9425
9426
9427
9428
9429
9430
9431
9432
9433
9434
9435
9436
9437
9438
9439
9440
9441
9442
9443
9444
9445
9446
9447
9448
9449
9450
9451
9452
9453
9454
9455
9456
9457
9458
9459
9460
9461
9462
9463
9464
9465
9466
9467
9468
9469
9470
9471
9472
9473
9474
9475
9476
9477
9478
9479
9480
9481
9482
9483
9484
9485
9486
9487
9488
9489
9490
9491
9492
9493
9494
9495
9496
9497
9498
9499
9500
9501
9502
9503
9504
9505
9506
9507
9508
9509
9510
9511
9512
9513
9514
9515
9516
9517
9518
9519
9520
9521
9522
9523
9524
9525
9526
9527
9528
9529
9530
9531
9532
9533
9534
9535
9536
9537
9538
9539
9540
9541
9542
9543
9544
9545
9546
9547
9548
9549
9550
9551
9552
9553
9554
9555
9556
9557
9558
9559
9560
9561
9562
9563
9564
9565
9566
9567
9568
9569
9570
9571
9572
9573
9574
9575
9576
9577
9578
9579
9580
9581
9582
9583
9584
9585
9586
9587
9588
9589
9590
9591
9592
9593
9594
9595
9596
9597
9598
9599
9600
9601
9602
9603
9604
9605
9606
9607
9608
9609
9610
9611
9612
9613
9614
9615
9616
9617
9618
9619
9620
9621
9622
9623
9624
9625
9626
9627
9628
9629
9630
9631
9632
9633
9634
9635
9636
9637
9638
9639
9640
9641
9642
9643
9644
9645
9646
9647
9648
9649
9650
9651
9652
9653
9654
9655
9656
9657
9658
9659
9660
9661
9662
9663
9664
9665
9666
9667
9668
9669
9670
9671
9672
9673
9674
9675
9676
9677
9678
9679
9680
9681
9682
9683
9684
9685
9686
9687
9688
9689
9690
9691
9692
9693
9694
9695
9696
9697
9698
9699
9700
9701
9702
9703
9704
9705
9706
9707
9708
9709
9710
9711
9712
9713
9714
9715
9716
9717
9718
9719
9720
9721
9722
9723
9724
9725
9726
9727
9728
9729
9730
9731
9732
9733
9734
9735
9736
9737
9738
9739
9740
9741
9742
9743
9744
9745
9746
9747
9748
9749
9750
9751
9752
9753
9754
9755
9756
9757
9758
9759
9760
9761
9762
9763
9764
9765
9766
9767
9768
9769
9770
9771
9772
9773
9774
9775
9776
9777
9778
9779
9780
9781
9782
9783
9784
9785
9786
9787
9788
9789
9790
9791
9792
9793
9794
9795
9796
9797
9798
9799
9800
9801
9802
9803
9804
9805
9806
9807
9808
9809
9810
9811
9812
9813
9814
9815
9816
9817
9818
9819
9820
9821
9822
9823
9824
9825
9826
9827
9828
9829
9830
9831
9832
9833
9834
9835
9836
9837
9838
9839
9840
9841
9842
9843
9844
9845
9846
9847
9848
9849
9850
9851
9852
9853
9854
9855
9856
9857
9858
9859
9860
9861
9862
9863
9864
9865
9866
9867
9868
9869
9870
9871
9872
9873
9874
9875
9876
9877
9878
9879
9880
9881
9882
9883
9884
9885
9886
9887
9888
9889
9890
9891
9892
9893
9894
9895
9896
9897
9898
9899
9900
9901
9902
9903
9904
9905
9906
9907
9908
9909
9910
9911
9912
9913
9914
9915
9916
9917
9918
9919
9920
9921
9922
9923
9924
9925
9926
9927
9928
9929
9930
9931
9932
9933
9934
9935
9936
9937
9938
9939
9940
9941
9942
9943
9944
9945
9946
9947
9948
9949
9950
9951
9952
9953
9954
9955
9956
9957
9958
9959
9960
9961
9962
9963
9964
9965
9966
9967
9968
9969
9970
9971
9972
9973
9974
9975
9976
9977
9978
9979
9980
9981
9982
9983
9984
9985
9986
9987
9988
9989
9990
9991
9992
9993
9994
9995
9996
9997
9998
9999
10000
10001
10002
10003
10004
10005
10006
10007
10008
10009
10010
10011
10012
10013
10014
10015
10016
10017
10018
10019
10020
10021
10022
10023
10024
10025
10026
10027
10028
10029
10030
10031
10032
10033
10034
10035
10036
10037
10038
10039
10040
10041
10042
10043
10044
10045
10046
10047
10048
10049
10050
10051
10052
10053
10054
10055
10056
10057
10058
10059
10060
10061
10062
10063
10064
10065
10066
10067
10068
10069
10070
10071
10072
10073
10074
10075
10076
10077
10078
10079
10080
10081
10082
10083
10084
10085
10086
10087
10088
10089
10090
10091
10092
10093
10094
10095
10096
10097
10098
10099
10100
10101
10102
10103
10104
10105
10106
10107
10108
10109
10110
10111
10112
10113
10114
10115
10116
10117
10118
10119
10120
10121
10122
10123
10124
10125
10126
10127
10128
10129
10130
10131
10132
10133
10134
10135
10136
10137
10138
10139
10140
10141
10142
10143
10144
10145
10146
10147
10148
10149
10150
10151
10152
10153
10154
10155
10156
10157
10158
10159
10160
10161
10162
10163
10164
10165
10166
10167
10168
10169
10170
10171
10172
10173
10174
10175
10176
10177
10178
10179
10180
10181
10182
10183
10184
10185
10186
10187
10188
10189
10190
10191
10192
10193
10194
10195
10196
10197
10198
10199
10200
10201
10202
10203
10204
10205
10206
10207
10208
10209
10210
10211
10212
10213
10214
10215
10216
10217
10218
10219
10220
10221
10222
10223
10224
10225
10226
10227
10228
10229
10230
10231
10232
10233
10234
10235
10236
10237
10238
10239
10240
10241
10242
10243
10244
10245
10246
10247
10248
10249
10250
10251
10252
10253
10254
10255
10256
10257
10258
10259
10260
10261
10262
10263
10264
10265
10266
10267
10268
10269
10270
10271
10272
10273
10274
10275
10276
10277
10278
10279
10280
10281
10282
10283
10284
10285
10286
10287
10288
10289
10290
10291
10292
10293
10294
10295
10296
10297
10298
10299
10300
10301
10302
10303
10304
10305
10306
10307
10308
10309
10310
10311
10312
10313
10314
10315
10316
10317
10318
10319
10320
10321
10322
10323
10324
10325
10326
10327
10328
10329
10330
10331
10332
10333
10334
10335
10336
10337
10338
10339
10340
10341
10342
10343
10344
10345
10346
10347
10348
10349
10350
10351
10352
10353
10354
10355
10356
10357
10358
10359
10360
10361
10362
10363
10364
10365
10366
10367
10368
10369
10370
10371
10372
10373
10374
10375
10376
10377
10378
10379
10380
10381
10382
10383
10384
10385
10386
10387
10388
10389
10390
10391
10392
10393
10394
10395
10396
10397
10398
10399
10400
10401
10402
10403
10404
10405
10406
10407
10408
10409
10410
10411
10412
10413
10414
10415
10416
10417
10418
10419
10420
10421
10422
10423
10424
10425
10426
10427
10428
10429
10430
10431
10432
10433
10434
10435
10436
10437
10438
10439
10440
10441
10442
10443
10444
10445
10446
10447
10448
10449
10450
10451
10452
10453
10454
10455
10456
10457
10458
10459
10460
10461
10462
10463
10464
10465
10466
10467
10468
10469
10470
10471
10472
10473
10474
10475
10476
10477
10478
10479
10480
10481
10482
10483
10484
10485
10486
10487
10488
10489
10490
10491
10492
10493
10494
10495
10496
10497
10498
10499
10500
10501
10502
10503
10504
10505
10506
10507
10508
10509
10510
10511
10512
10513
10514
10515
10516
10517
10518
10519
10520
10521
10522
10523
10524
10525
10526
10527
10528
10529
10530
10531
10532
10533
10534
10535
10536
10537
10538
10539
10540
10541
10542
10543
10544
10545
10546
10547
10548
10549
10550
10551
10552
10553
10554
10555
10556
10557
10558
10559
10560
10561
10562
10563
10564
10565
10566
10567
10568
10569
10570
10571
10572
10573
10574
10575
10576
10577
10578
10579
10580
10581
10582
10583
10584
10585
10586
10587
10588
10589
10590
10591
10592
10593
10594
10595
10596
10597
10598
10599
10600
10601
10602
10603
10604
10605
10606
10607
10608
10609
10610
10611
10612
10613
10614
10615
10616
10617
10618
10619
10620
10621
10622
10623
10624
10625
10626
10627
10628
10629
10630
10631
10632
10633
10634
10635
10636
10637
10638
10639
10640
10641
10642
10643
10644
10645
10646
10647
10648
10649
10650
10651
10652
10653
10654
10655
10656
10657
10658
10659
10660
10661
10662
10663
10664
10665
10666
10667
10668
10669
10670
10671
10672
10673
10674
10675
10676
10677
10678
10679
10680
10681
10682
10683
10684
10685
10686
10687
10688
10689
10690
10691
10692
10693
10694
10695
10696
10697
10698
10699
10700
10701
10702
10703
10704
10705
10706
10707
10708
10709
10710
10711
10712
10713
10714
10715
10716
10717
10718
10719
10720
10721
10722
10723
10724
10725
10726
10727
10728
10729
10730
10731
10732
10733
10734
10735
10736
10737
10738
10739
10740
10741
10742
10743
10744
10745
10746
10747
10748
10749
10750
10751
10752
10753
10754
10755
10756
10757
10758
10759
10760
10761
10762
10763
10764
10765
10766
10767
10768
10769
10770
10771
10772
10773
10774
10775
10776
10777
10778
10779
10780
10781
10782
10783
10784
10785
10786
10787
10788
10789
10790
10791
10792
10793
10794
10795
10796
10797
10798
10799
10800
10801
10802
10803
10804
10805
10806
10807
10808
10809
10810
10811
10812
10813
10814
10815
10816
10817
10818
10819
10820
10821
10822
10823
10824
10825
10826
10827
10828
10829
10830
10831
10832
10833
10834
10835
10836
10837
10838
10839
10840
10841
10842
10843
10844
10845
10846
10847
10848
10849
10850
10851
10852
10853
10854
10855
10856
10857
10858
10859
10860
10861
10862
10863
10864
10865
10866
10867
10868
10869
10870
10871
10872
10873
10874
10875
10876
10877
10878
10879
10880
10881
10882
10883
10884
10885
10886
10887
10888
10889
10890
10891
10892
10893
10894
10895
10896
10897
10898
10899
10900
10901
10902
10903
10904
10905
10906
10907
10908
10909
10910
10911
10912
10913
10914
10915
10916
10917
10918
10919
10920
10921
10922
10923
10924
10925
10926
10927
10928
10929
10930
10931
10932
10933
10934
10935
10936
10937
10938
10939
10940
10941
10942
10943
10944
10945
10946
10947
10948
10949
10950
10951
10952
10953
10954
10955
10956
10957
10958
10959
10960
10961
10962
10963
10964
10965
10966
10967
10968
10969
10970
10971
10972
10973
10974
10975
10976
10977
10978
10979
10980
10981
10982
10983
10984
10985
10986
10987
10988
10989
10990
10991
10992
10993
10994
10995
10996
10997
10998
10999
11000
11001
11002
11003
11004
11005
11006
11007
11008
11009
11010
11011
11012
11013
11014
11015
11016
11017
11018
11019
11020
11021
11022
11023
11024
11025
11026
11027
11028
11029
11030
11031
11032
11033
11034
11035
11036
11037
11038
11039
11040
11041
11042
11043
11044
11045
11046
11047
11048
11049
11050
11051
11052
11053
11054
11055
11056
11057
11058
11059
11060
11061
11062
11063
11064
11065
11066
11067
11068
11069
11070
11071
11072
11073
11074
11075
11076
11077
11078
11079
11080
11081
11082
11083
11084
11085
11086
11087
11088
11089
11090
11091
11092
11093
11094
11095
11096
11097
11098
11099
11100
11101
11102
11103
11104
11105
11106
11107
11108
11109
11110
11111
11112
11113
11114
11115
11116
11117
11118
11119
11120
11121
11122
11123
11124
11125
11126
11127
11128
11129
11130
11131
11132
11133
11134
11135
11136
11137
11138
11139
11140
11141
11142
11143
11144
11145
11146
11147
11148
11149
11150
11151
11152
11153
11154
11155
11156
11157
11158
11159
11160
11161
11162
11163
11164
11165
11166
11167
11168
11169
11170
11171
11172
11173
11174
11175
11176
11177
11178
11179
11180
11181
11182
11183
11184
11185
11186
11187
11188
11189
11190
11191
11192
11193
11194
11195
11196
11197
11198
11199
11200
11201
11202
11203
11204
11205
11206
11207
11208
11209
11210
11211
11212
11213
11214
11215
11216
11217
11218
11219
11220
11221
11222
11223
11224
11225
11226
11227
11228
11229
11230
11231
11232
11233
11234
11235
11236
11237
11238
11239
11240
11241
11242
11243
11244
11245
11246
11247
11248
11249
11250
11251
11252
11253
11254
11255
11256
11257
11258
11259
11260
11261
11262
11263
11264
11265
11266
11267
11268
11269
11270
11271
11272
11273
11274
11275
11276
11277
11278
11279
11280
11281
11282
11283
11284
11285
11286
11287
11288
11289
11290
11291
11292
11293
11294
11295
11296
11297
11298
11299
11300
11301
11302
11303
11304
11305
11306
11307
11308
11309
11310
11311
11312
11313
11314
11315
11316
11317
11318
11319
11320
11321
11322
11323
11324
11325
11326
11327
11328
11329
11330
11331
11332
11333
11334
11335
11336
11337
11338
11339
11340
11341
11342
11343
11344
11345
11346
11347
11348
11349
11350
11351
11352
11353
11354
11355
11356
11357
11358
11359
11360
11361
11362
11363
11364
11365
11366
11367
11368
11369
11370
11371
11372
11373
11374
11375
11376
11377
11378
11379
11380
11381
11382
11383
11384
11385
11386
11387
11388
11389
11390
11391
11392
11393
11394
11395
11396
11397
11398
11399
11400
11401
11402
11403
11404
11405
11406
11407
11408
11409
11410
11411
11412
11413
11414
11415
11416
11417
11418
11419
11420
11421
11422
11423
11424
11425
11426
11427
11428
11429
11430
11431
11432
11433
11434
11435
11436
11437
11438
11439
11440
11441
11442
11443
11444
11445
11446
11447
11448
11449
11450
11451
11452
11453
11454
11455
11456
11457
11458
11459
11460
11461
11462
11463
11464
11465
11466
11467
11468
11469
11470
11471
11472
11473
11474
11475
11476
11477
11478
11479
11480
11481
11482
11483
11484
11485
11486
11487
11488
11489
11490
11491
11492
11493
11494
11495
11496
11497
11498
11499
11500
11501
11502
11503
11504
11505
11506
11507
11508
11509
11510
11511
11512
11513
11514
11515
11516
11517
11518
11519
11520
11521
11522
11523
11524
11525
11526
11527
11528
11529
11530
11531
11532
11533
11534
11535
11536
11537
11538
11539
11540
11541
11542
11543
11544
11545
11546
11547
11548
11549
11550
11551
11552
11553
11554
11555
11556
11557
11558
11559
11560
11561
11562
11563
11564
11565
11566
11567
11568
11569
11570
11571
11572
11573
11574
11575
11576
11577
11578
11579
11580
11581
11582
11583
11584
11585
11586
11587
11588
11589
11590
11591
11592
11593
11594
11595
11596
11597
11598
11599
11600
11601
11602
11603
11604
11605
11606
11607
11608
11609
11610
11611
11612
11613
11614
11615
11616
11617
11618
11619
11620
11621
11622
11623
11624
11625
11626
11627
11628
11629
11630
11631
11632
11633
11634
11635
11636
11637
11638
11639
11640
11641
11642
11643
11644
11645
11646
11647
11648
11649
11650
11651
11652
11653
11654
11655
11656
11657
11658
11659
11660
11661
11662
11663
11664
11665
11666
11667
11668
11669
11670
11671
11672
11673
11674
11675
11676
11677
11678
11679
11680
11681
11682
11683
11684
11685
11686
11687
11688
11689
11690
11691
11692
11693
11694
11695
11696
11697
11698
11699
11700
11701
11702
11703
11704
11705
11706
11707
11708
11709
11710
11711
11712
11713
11714
11715
11716
11717
11718
11719
11720
11721
11722
11723
11724
11725
11726
11727
11728
11729
11730
11731
11732
11733
11734
11735
11736
11737
11738
11739
11740
11741
11742
11743
11744
11745
11746
11747
11748
11749
11750
11751
11752
11753
11754
11755
11756
11757
11758
11759
11760
11761
11762
11763
11764
11765
11766
11767
11768
11769
11770
11771
11772
11773
11774
11775
11776
11777
11778
11779
11780
11781
11782
11783
11784
11785
11786
11787
11788
11789
11790
11791
11792
11793
11794
11795
11796
11797
11798
11799
11800
11801
11802
11803
11804
11805
11806
11807
11808
11809
11810
11811
11812
11813
11814
11815
11816
11817
11818
11819
11820
11821
11822
11823
11824
11825
11826
11827
11828
11829
11830
11831
11832
11833
11834
11835
11836
11837
11838
11839
11840
11841
11842
11843
11844
11845
11846
11847
11848
11849
11850
11851
11852
11853
11854
11855
11856
11857
11858
11859
11860
11861
11862
11863
11864
11865
11866
11867
11868
11869
11870
11871
11872
11873
11874
11875
11876
11877
11878
11879
11880
11881
11882
11883
11884
11885
11886
11887
11888
11889
11890
11891
11892
11893
11894
11895
11896
11897
11898
11899
11900
11901
11902
11903
11904
11905
11906
11907
11908
11909
11910
11911
11912
11913
11914
11915
11916
11917
11918
11919
11920
11921
11922
11923
11924
11925
11926
11927
11928
11929
11930
11931
11932
11933
11934
11935
11936
11937
11938
11939
11940
11941
11942
11943
11944
11945
11946
11947
11948
11949
11950
11951
11952
11953
11954
11955
11956
11957
11958
11959
11960
11961
11962
11963
11964
11965
11966
11967
11968
11969
11970
11971
11972
11973
11974
11975
11976
11977
11978
11979
11980
11981
11982
11983
11984
11985
11986
11987
11988
11989
11990
11991
11992
11993
11994
11995
11996
11997
11998
11999
12000
12001
12002
12003
12004
12005
12006
12007
12008
12009
12010
12011
12012
12013
12014
12015
12016
12017
12018
12019
12020
12021
12022
12023
12024
12025
12026
12027
12028
12029
12030
12031
12032
12033
12034
12035
12036
12037
12038
12039
12040
12041
12042
12043
12044
12045
12046
12047
12048
12049
12050
12051
12052
12053
12054
12055
12056
12057
12058
12059
12060
12061
12062
12063
12064
12065
12066
12067
12068
12069
12070
12071
12072
12073
12074
12075
12076
12077
12078
12079
12080
12081
12082
12083
12084
12085
12086
12087
12088
12089
12090
12091
12092
12093
12094
12095
12096
12097
12098
12099
12100
12101
12102
12103
12104
12105
12106
12107
12108
12109
12110
12111
12112
12113
12114
12115
12116
12117
12118
12119
12120
12121
12122
12123
12124
12125
12126
12127
12128
12129
12130
12131
12132
12133
12134
12135
12136
12137
12138
12139
12140
12141
12142
12143
12144
12145
12146
12147
12148
12149
12150
12151
12152
12153
12154
12155
12156
12157
12158
12159
12160
12161
12162
12163
12164
12165
12166
12167
12168
12169
12170
12171
12172
12173
12174
12175
12176
12177
12178
12179
12180
12181
12182
12183
12184
12185
12186
12187
12188
12189
12190
12191
12192
12193
12194
12195
12196
12197
12198
12199
12200
12201
12202
12203
12204
12205
12206
12207
12208
12209
12210
12211
12212
12213
12214
12215
12216
12217
12218
12219
12220
12221
12222
12223
12224
12225
12226
12227
12228
12229
12230
12231
12232
12233
12234
12235
12236
12237
12238
12239
12240
12241
12242
12243
12244
12245
12246
12247
12248
12249
12250
12251
12252
12253
12254
12255
12256
12257
12258
12259
12260
12261
12262
12263
12264
12265
12266
12267
12268
12269
12270
12271
12272
12273
12274
12275
12276
12277
12278
12279
12280
12281
12282
12283
12284
12285
12286
12287
12288
12289
12290
12291
12292
12293
12294
12295
12296
12297
12298
12299
12300
12301
12302
12303
12304
12305
12306
12307
12308
12309
12310
12311
12312
12313
12314
12315
12316
12317
12318
12319
12320
12321
12322
12323
12324
12325
12326
12327
12328
12329
12330
12331
12332
12333
12334
12335
12336
12337
12338
12339
12340
12341
12342
12343
12344
12345
12346
12347
12348
12349
12350
12351
12352
12353
12354
12355
12356
12357
12358
12359
12360
12361
12362
12363
12364
12365
12366
12367
12368
12369
12370
12371
12372
12373
12374
12375
12376
12377
12378
12379
12380
12381
12382
12383
12384
12385
12386
12387
12388
12389
12390
12391
12392
12393
12394
12395
12396
12397
12398
12399
12400
12401
12402
12403
12404
12405
12406
12407
12408
12409
12410
12411
12412
12413
12414
12415
12416
12417
12418
12419
12420
12421
12422
12423
12424
12425
12426
12427
12428
12429
12430
12431
12432
12433
12434
12435
12436
12437
12438
12439
12440
12441
12442
12443
12444
12445
12446
12447
12448
12449
12450
12451
12452
12453
12454
12455
12456
12457
12458
12459
12460
12461
12462
12463
12464
12465
12466
12467
12468
12469
12470
12471
12472
12473
12474
12475
12476
12477
12478
12479
12480
12481
12482
12483
12484
12485
12486
12487
12488
12489
12490
12491
12492
12493
12494
12495
12496
12497
12498
12499
12500
12501
12502
12503
12504
12505
12506
12507
12508
12509
12510
12511
12512
12513
12514
12515
12516
12517
12518
12519
12520
12521
12522
12523
12524
12525
12526
12527
12528
12529
12530
12531
12532
12533
12534
12535
12536
12537
12538
12539
12540
12541
12542
12543
12544
12545
12546
12547
12548
12549
12550
12551
12552
12553
12554
12555
12556
12557
12558
12559
12560
12561
12562
12563
12564
12565
12566
12567
12568
12569
12570
12571
12572
12573
12574
12575
12576
12577
12578
12579
12580
12581
12582
12583
12584
12585
12586
12587
12588
12589
12590
12591
12592
12593
12594
12595
12596
12597
12598
12599
12600
12601
12602
12603
12604
12605
12606
12607
12608
12609
12610
12611
12612
12613
12614
12615
12616
12617
12618
12619
12620
12621
12622
12623
12624
12625
12626
12627
12628
12629
12630
12631
12632
12633
12634
12635
12636
12637
12638
12639
12640
12641
12642
12643
12644
12645
12646
12647
12648
12649
12650
12651
12652
12653
12654
12655
12656
12657
12658
12659
12660
12661
12662
12663
12664
12665
12666
12667
12668
12669
12670
12671
12672
12673
12674
12675
12676
12677
12678
12679
12680
12681
12682
12683
12684
12685
12686
12687
12688
12689
12690
12691
12692
12693
12694
12695
12696
12697
12698
12699
12700
12701
12702
12703
12704
12705
12706
12707
12708
12709
12710
12711
12712
12713
12714
12715
12716
12717
12718
12719
12720
12721
12722
12723
12724
12725
12726
12727
12728
12729
12730
12731
12732
12733
12734
12735
12736
12737
12738
12739
12740
12741
12742
12743
12744
12745
12746
12747
12748
12749
12750
12751
12752
12753
12754
12755
12756
12757
12758
12759
12760
12761
12762
12763
12764
12765
12766
12767
12768
12769
12770
12771
12772
12773
12774
12775
12776
12777
12778
12779
12780
12781
12782
12783
12784
12785
12786
12787
12788
12789
12790
12791
12792
12793
12794
12795
12796
12797
12798
12799
12800
12801
12802
12803
12804
12805
12806
12807
12808
12809
12810
12811
12812
12813
12814
12815
12816
12817
12818
12819
12820
12821
12822
12823
12824
12825
12826
12827
12828
12829
12830
12831
12832
12833
12834
12835
12836
12837
12838
12839
12840
12841
12842
12843
12844
12845
12846
12847
12848
12849
12850
12851
12852
12853
12854
12855
12856
12857
12858
12859
12860
12861
12862
12863
12864
12865
12866
12867
12868
12869
12870
12871
12872
12873
12874
12875
12876
12877
12878
12879
12880
12881
12882
12883
12884
12885
12886
12887
12888
12889
12890
12891
12892
12893
12894
12895
12896
12897
12898
12899
12900
12901
12902
12903
12904
12905
12906
12907
12908
12909
12910
12911
12912
12913
12914
12915
12916
12917
12918
12919
12920
12921
12922
12923
12924
12925
12926
12927
12928
12929
12930
12931
12932
12933
12934
12935
12936
12937
12938
12939
12940
12941
12942
12943
12944
12945
12946
12947
12948
12949
12950
12951
12952
12953
12954
12955
12956
12957
12958
12959
12960
12961
12962
12963
12964
12965
12966
12967
12968
12969
12970
12971
12972
12973
12974
12975
12976
12977
12978
12979
12980
12981
12982
12983
12984
12985
12986
12987
12988
12989
12990
12991
12992
12993
12994
12995
12996
12997
12998
12999
13000
13001
13002
13003
13004
13005
13006
13007
13008
13009
13010
13011
13012
13013
13014
13015
13016
13017
13018
13019
13020
13021
13022
13023
13024
13025
13026
13027
13028
13029
13030
13031
13032
13033
13034
13035
13036
13037
13038
13039
13040
13041
13042
13043
13044
13045
13046
13047
13048
13049
13050
13051
13052
13053
13054
13055
13056
13057
13058
13059
13060
13061
13062
13063
13064
13065
13066
13067
13068
13069
13070
13071
13072
13073
13074
13075
13076
13077
13078
13079
13080
13081
13082
13083
13084
13085
13086
13087
13088
13089
13090
13091
13092
13093
13094
13095
13096
13097
13098
13099
13100
13101
13102
13103
13104
13105
13106
13107
13108
13109
13110
13111
13112
13113
13114
13115
13116
13117
13118
13119
13120
13121
13122
13123
13124
13125
13126
13127
13128
13129
13130
13131
13132
13133
13134
13135
13136
13137
13138
13139
13140
13141
13142
13143
13144
13145
13146
13147
13148
13149
13150
13151
13152
13153
13154
13155
13156
13157
13158
13159
13160
13161
13162
13163
13164
13165
13166
13167
13168
13169
13170
13171
13172
13173
13174
13175
13176
13177
13178
13179
13180
13181
13182
13183
13184
13185
13186
13187
13188
13189
13190
13191
13192
13193
13194
13195
13196
13197
13198
13199
13200
13201
13202
13203
13204
13205
13206
13207
13208
13209
13210
13211
13212
13213
13214
13215
13216
13217
13218
13219
13220
13221
13222
13223
13224
13225
13226
13227
13228
13229
13230
13231
13232
13233
13234
13235
13236
13237
13238
13239
13240
13241
13242
13243
13244
13245
13246
13247
13248
13249
13250
13251
13252
13253
13254
13255
13256
13257
13258
13259
13260
13261
13262
13263
13264
13265
13266
13267
13268
13269
13270
13271
13272
13273
13274
13275
13276
13277
13278
13279
13280
13281
13282
13283
13284
13285
13286
13287
13288
13289
13290
13291
13292
13293
13294
13295
13296
13297
13298
13299
13300
13301
13302
13303
13304
13305
13306
13307
13308
13309
13310
13311
13312
13313
13314
13315
13316
13317
13318
13319
13320
13321
13322
13323
13324
13325
13326
13327
13328
13329
13330
13331
13332
13333
13334
13335
13336
13337
13338
13339
13340
13341
13342
13343
13344
13345
13346
13347
13348
13349
13350
13351
13352
13353
13354
13355
13356
13357
13358
13359
13360
13361
13362
13363
13364
13365
13366
13367
13368
13369
13370
13371
13372
13373
13374
13375
13376
13377
13378
13379
13380
13381
13382
13383
13384
13385
13386
13387
13388
13389
13390
13391
13392
13393
13394
13395
13396
13397
13398
13399
13400
13401
13402
13403
13404
13405
13406
13407
13408
13409
13410
13411
13412
13413
13414
13415
13416
13417
13418
13419
13420
13421
13422
13423
13424
13425
13426
13427
13428
13429
13430
13431
13432
13433
13434
13435
13436
13437
13438
13439
13440
13441
13442
13443
13444
13445
13446
13447
13448
13449
13450
13451
13452
13453
13454
13455
13456
13457
13458
13459
13460
13461
13462
13463
13464
13465
13466
13467
13468
13469
13470
13471
13472
13473
13474
13475
13476
13477
13478
13479
13480
13481
13482
13483
13484
13485
13486
13487
13488
13489
13490
13491
13492
13493
13494
13495
13496
13497
13498
13499
13500
13501
13502
13503
13504
13505
13506
13507
13508
13509
13510
13511
13512
13513
13514
13515
13516
13517
13518
13519
13520
13521
13522
13523
13524
13525
13526
13527
13528
13529
13530
13531
13532
13533
13534
13535
13536
13537
13538
13539
13540
13541
13542
13543
13544
13545
13546
13547
13548
13549
13550
13551
13552
13553
13554
13555
13556
13557
13558
13559
13560
13561
13562
13563
13564
13565
13566
13567
13568
13569
13570
13571
13572
13573
13574
13575
13576
13577
13578
13579
13580
13581
13582
13583
13584
13585
13586
13587
13588
13589
13590
13591
13592
13593
13594
13595
13596
13597
13598
13599
13600
13601
13602
13603
13604
13605
13606
13607
13608
13609
13610
13611
13612
13613
13614
13615
13616
13617
13618
13619
13620
13621
13622
13623
13624
13625
13626
13627
13628
13629
13630
13631
13632
13633
13634
13635
13636
13637
13638
13639
13640
13641
13642
13643
13644
13645
13646
13647
13648
13649
13650
13651
13652
13653
13654
13655
13656
13657
13658
13659
13660
13661
13662
13663
13664
13665
13666
13667
13668
13669
13670
13671
13672
13673
13674
13675
13676
13677
13678
13679
13680
13681
13682
13683
13684
13685
13686
13687
13688
13689
13690
13691
13692
13693
13694
13695
13696
13697
13698
13699
13700
13701
13702
13703
13704
13705
13706
13707
13708
13709
13710
13711
13712
13713
13714
13715
13716
13717
13718
13719
13720
13721
13722
13723
13724
13725
13726
13727
13728
13729
13730
13731
13732
13733
13734
13735
13736
13737
13738
13739
13740
13741
13742
13743
13744
13745
13746
13747
13748
13749
13750
13751
13752
13753
13754
13755
13756
13757
13758
13759
13760
13761
13762
13763
13764
13765
13766
13767
13768
13769
13770
13771
13772
13773
13774
13775
13776
13777
13778
13779
13780
13781
13782
13783
13784
13785
13786
13787
13788
13789
13790
13791
13792
13793
13794
13795
13796
13797
13798
13799
13800
13801
13802
13803
13804
13805
13806
13807
13808
13809
13810
13811
13812
13813
13814
13815
13816
13817
13818
13819
13820
13821
13822
13823
13824
13825
13826
13827
13828
13829
13830
13831
13832
13833
13834
13835
13836
13837
13838
13839
13840
13841
13842
13843
13844
13845
13846
13847
13848
13849
13850
13851
13852
13853
13854
13855
13856
13857
13858
13859
13860
13861
13862
13863
13864
13865
13866
13867
13868
13869
13870
13871
13872
13873
13874
13875
13876
13877
13878
13879
13880
13881
13882
13883
13884
13885
13886
13887
13888
13889
13890
13891
13892
13893
13894
13895
13896
13897
13898
13899
13900
13901
13902
13903
13904
13905
13906
13907
13908
13909
13910
13911
13912
13913
13914
13915
13916
13917
13918
13919
13920
13921
13922
13923
13924
13925
13926
13927
13928
13929
13930
13931
13932
13933
13934
13935
13936
13937
13938
13939
13940
13941
13942
13943
13944
13945
13946
13947
13948
13949
13950
13951
13952
13953
13954
13955
13956
13957
13958
13959
13960
13961
13962
13963
13964
13965
13966
13967
13968
13969
13970
13971
13972
13973
13974
13975
13976
13977
13978
13979
13980
13981
13982
13983
13984
13985
13986
13987
13988
13989
13990
13991
13992
13993
13994
13995
13996
13997
13998
13999
14000
14001
14002
14003
14004
14005
14006
14007
14008
14009
14010
14011
14012
14013
14014
14015
14016
14017
14018
14019
14020
14021
14022
14023
14024
14025
14026
14027
14028
14029
14030
14031
14032
14033
14034
14035
14036
14037
14038
14039
14040
14041
14042
14043
14044
14045
14046
14047
14048
14049
14050
14051
14052
14053
14054
14055
14056
14057
14058
14059
14060
14061
14062
14063
14064
14065
14066
14067
14068
14069
14070
14071
14072
14073
14074
14075
14076
14077
14078
14079
14080
14081
14082
14083
14084
14085
14086
14087
14088
14089
14090
14091
14092
14093
14094
14095
14096
14097
14098
14099
14100
14101
14102
14103
14104
14105
14106
14107
14108
14109
14110
14111
14112
14113
14114
14115
14116
14117
14118
14119
14120
14121
14122
14123
14124
14125
14126
14127
14128
14129
14130
14131
14132
14133
14134
14135
14136
14137
14138
14139
14140
14141
14142
14143
14144
14145
14146
14147
14148
14149
14150
14151
14152
14153
14154
14155
14156
14157
14158
14159
14160
14161
14162
14163
14164
14165
14166
14167
14168
14169
14170
14171
14172
14173
14174
14175
14176
14177
14178
14179
14180
14181
14182
14183
14184
14185
14186
14187
14188
14189
14190
14191
14192
14193
14194
14195
14196
14197
14198
14199
14200
14201
14202
14203
14204
14205
14206
14207
14208
14209
14210
14211
14212
14213
14214
14215
14216
14217
14218
14219
14220
14221
14222
14223
14224
14225
14226
14227
14228
14229
14230
14231
14232
14233
14234
14235
14236
14237
14238
14239
14240
14241
14242
14243
14244
14245
14246
14247
14248
14249
14250
14251
14252
14253
14254
14255
14256
14257
14258
14259
14260
14261
14262
14263
14264
14265
14266
14267
14268
14269
14270
14271
14272
14273
14274
14275
14276
14277
14278
14279
14280
14281
14282
14283
14284
14285
14286
14287
14288
14289
14290
14291
14292
14293
14294
14295
14296
14297
14298
14299
14300
14301
14302
14303
14304
14305
14306
14307
14308
14309
14310
14311
14312
14313
14314
14315
14316
14317
14318
14319
14320
14321
14322
14323
14324
14325
14326
14327
14328
14329
14330
14331
14332
14333
14334
14335
14336
14337
14338
14339
14340
14341
14342
14343
14344
14345
14346
14347
14348
14349
14350
14351
14352
14353
14354
14355
14356
14357
14358
14359
14360
14361
14362
14363
14364
14365
14366
14367
14368
14369
14370
14371
14372
14373
14374
14375
14376
14377
14378
14379
14380
14381
14382
14383
14384
14385
14386
14387
14388
14389
14390
14391
14392
14393
14394
14395
14396
14397
14398
14399
14400
14401
14402
14403
14404
14405
14406
14407
14408
14409
14410
14411
14412
14413
14414
14415
14416
14417
14418
14419
14420
14421
14422
14423
14424
14425
14426
14427
14428
14429
14430
14431
14432
14433
14434
14435
14436
14437
14438
14439
14440
14441
14442
14443
14444
14445
14446
14447
14448
14449
14450
14451
14452
14453
14454
14455
14456
14457
14458
14459
14460
14461
14462
14463
14464
14465
14466
14467
14468
14469
14470
14471
14472
14473
14474
14475
14476
14477
14478
14479
14480
14481
14482
14483
14484
14485
14486
14487
14488
14489
14490
14491
14492
14493
14494
14495
14496
14497
14498
14499
14500
14501
14502
14503
14504
14505
14506
14507
14508
14509
14510
14511
14512
14513
14514
14515
14516
14517
14518
14519
14520
14521
14522
14523
14524
14525
14526
14527
14528
14529
14530
14531
14532
14533
14534
14535
14536
14537
14538
14539
14540
14541
14542
14543
14544
14545
14546
14547
14548
14549
14550
14551
14552
14553
14554
14555
14556
14557
14558
14559
14560
14561
14562
14563
14564
14565
14566
14567
14568
14569
14570
14571
14572
14573
14574
14575
14576
14577
14578
14579
14580
14581
14582
14583
14584
14585
14586
14587
14588
14589
14590
14591
14592
14593
14594
14595
14596
14597
14598
14599
14600
14601
14602
14603
14604
14605
14606
14607
14608
14609
14610
14611
14612
14613
14614
14615
14616
14617
14618
14619
14620
14621
14622
14623
14624
14625
14626
14627
14628
14629
14630
14631
14632
14633
14634
14635
14636
14637
14638
14639
14640
14641
14642
14643
14644
14645
14646
14647
14648
14649
14650
14651
14652
14653
14654
14655
14656
14657
14658
14659
14660
14661
14662
14663
14664
14665
14666
14667
14668
14669
14670
14671
14672
14673
14674
14675
14676
14677
14678
14679
14680
14681
14682
14683
14684
14685
14686
14687
14688
14689
14690
14691
14692
14693
14694
14695
14696
14697
14698
14699
14700
14701
14702
14703
14704
14705
14706
14707
14708
14709
14710
14711
14712
14713
14714
14715
14716
14717
14718
14719
14720
14721
14722
14723
14724
14725
14726
14727
14728
14729
14730
14731
14732
14733
14734
14735
14736
14737
14738
14739
14740
14741
14742
14743
14744
14745
14746
14747
14748
14749
14750
14751
14752
14753
14754
14755
14756
14757
14758
14759
14760
14761
14762
14763
14764
14765
14766
14767
14768
14769
14770
14771
14772
14773
14774
14775
14776
14777
14778
14779
14780
14781
14782
14783
14784
14785
14786
14787
14788
14789
14790
14791
14792
14793
14794
14795
14796
14797
14798
14799
14800
14801
14802
14803
14804
14805
14806
14807
14808
14809
14810
14811
14812
14813
14814
14815
14816
14817
14818
14819
14820
14821
14822
14823
14824
14825
14826
14827
14828
14829
14830
14831
14832
14833
14834
14835
14836
14837
14838
14839
14840
14841
14842
14843
14844
14845
14846
14847
14848
14849
14850
14851
14852
14853
14854
14855
14856
14857
14858
14859
14860
14861
14862
14863
14864
14865
14866
14867
14868
14869
14870
14871
14872
14873
14874
14875
14876
14877
14878
14879
14880
14881
14882
14883
14884
14885
14886
14887
14888
14889
14890
14891
14892
14893
14894
14895
14896
14897
14898
14899
14900
14901
14902
14903
14904
14905
14906
14907
14908
14909
14910
14911
14912
14913
14914
14915
14916
14917
14918
14919
14920
14921
14922
14923
14924
14925
14926
14927
14928
14929
14930
14931
14932
14933
14934
14935
14936
14937
14938
14939
14940
14941
14942
14943
14944
14945
14946
14947
14948
14949
14950
14951
14952
14953
14954
14955
14956
14957
14958
14959
14960
14961
14962
14963
14964
14965
14966
14967
14968
14969
14970
14971
14972
14973
14974
14975
14976
14977
14978
14979
14980
14981
14982
14983
14984
14985
14986
14987
14988
14989
14990
14991
14992
14993
14994
14995
14996
14997
14998
14999
15000
15001
15002
15003
15004
15005
15006
15007
15008
15009
15010
15011
15012
15013
15014
15015
15016
15017
15018
15019
15020
15021
15022
15023
15024
15025
15026
15027
15028
15029
15030
15031
15032
15033
15034
15035
15036
15037
15038
15039
15040
15041
15042
15043
15044
15045
15046
15047
15048
15049
15050
15051
15052
15053
15054
15055
15056
15057
15058
15059
15060
15061
15062
15063
15064
15065
15066
15067
15068
15069
15070
15071
15072
15073
15074
15075
15076
15077
15078
15079
15080
15081
15082
15083
15084
15085
15086
15087
15088
15089
15090
15091
15092
15093
15094
15095
15096
15097
15098
15099
15100
15101
15102
15103
15104
15105
15106
15107
15108
15109
15110
15111
15112
15113
15114
15115
15116
15117
15118
15119
15120
15121
15122
15123
15124
15125
15126
15127
15128
15129
15130
15131
15132
15133
15134
15135
15136
15137
15138
15139
15140
15141
15142
15143
15144
15145
15146
15147
15148
15149
15150
15151
15152
15153
15154
15155
15156
15157
15158
15159
15160
15161
15162
15163
15164
15165
15166
15167
15168
15169
15170
15171
15172
15173
15174
15175
15176
15177
15178
15179
15180
15181
15182
15183
15184
15185
15186
15187
15188
15189
15190
15191
15192
15193
15194
15195
15196
15197
15198
15199
15200
15201
15202
15203
15204
15205
15206
15207
15208
15209
15210
15211
15212
15213
15214
15215
15216
15217
15218
15219
15220
15221
15222
15223
15224
15225
15226
15227
15228
15229
15230
15231
15232
15233
15234
15235
15236
15237
15238
15239
15240
15241
15242
15243
15244
15245
15246
15247
15248
15249
15250
15251
15252
15253
15254
15255
15256
15257
15258
15259
15260
15261
15262
15263
15264
15265
15266
15267
15268
15269
15270
15271
15272
15273
15274
15275
15276
15277
15278
15279
15280
15281
15282
15283
15284
15285
15286
15287
15288
15289
15290
15291
15292
15293
15294
15295
15296
15297
15298
15299
15300
15301
15302
15303
15304
15305
15306
15307
15308
15309
15310
15311
15312
15313
15314
15315
15316
15317
15318
15319
15320
15321
15322
15323
15324
15325
15326
15327
15328
15329
15330
15331
15332
15333
15334
15335
15336
15337
15338
15339
15340
15341
15342
15343
15344
15345
15346
15347
15348
15349
15350
15351
15352
15353
15354
15355
15356
15357
15358
15359
15360
15361
15362
15363
15364
15365
15366
15367
15368
15369
15370
15371
15372
15373
15374
15375
15376
15377
15378
15379
15380
15381
15382
15383
15384
15385
15386
15387
15388
15389
15390
15391
15392
15393
15394
15395
15396
15397
15398
15399
15400
15401
15402
15403
15404
15405
15406
15407
15408
15409
15410
15411
15412
15413
15414
15415
15416
15417
15418
15419
15420
15421
15422
15423
15424
15425
15426
15427
15428
15429
15430
15431
15432
15433
15434
15435
15436
15437
15438
15439
15440
15441
15442
15443
15444
15445
15446
15447
15448
15449
15450
15451
15452
15453
15454
15455
15456
15457
15458
15459
15460
15461
15462
15463
15464
15465
15466
15467
15468
15469
15470
15471
15472
15473
15474
15475
15476
15477
15478
15479
15480
15481
15482
15483
15484
15485
15486
15487
15488
15489
15490
15491
15492
15493
15494
15495
15496
15497
15498
15499
15500
15501
15502
15503
15504
15505
15506
15507
15508
15509
15510
15511
15512
15513
15514
15515
15516
15517
15518
15519
15520
15521
15522
15523
15524
15525
15526
15527
15528
15529
15530
15531
15532
15533
15534
15535
15536
15537
15538
15539
15540
15541
15542
15543
15544
15545
15546
15547
15548
15549
15550
15551
15552
15553
15554
15555
15556
15557
15558
15559
15560
15561
15562
15563
15564
15565
15566
15567
15568
15569
15570
15571
15572
15573
15574
15575
15576
15577
15578
15579
15580
15581
15582
15583
15584
15585
15586
15587
15588
15589
15590
15591
15592
15593
15594
15595
15596
15597
15598
15599
15600
15601
15602
15603
15604
15605
15606
15607
15608
15609
15610
15611
15612
15613
15614
15615
15616
15617
15618
15619
15620
15621
15622
15623
15624
15625
15626
15627
15628
15629
15630
15631
15632
15633
15634
15635
15636
15637
15638
15639
15640
15641
15642
15643
15644
15645
15646
15647
15648
15649
15650
15651
15652
15653
15654
15655
15656
15657
15658
15659
15660
15661
15662
15663
15664
15665
15666
15667
15668
15669
15670
15671
15672
15673
15674
15675
15676
15677
15678
15679
15680
15681
15682
15683
15684
15685
15686
15687
15688
15689
15690
15691
15692
15693
15694
15695
15696
15697
15698
15699
15700
15701
15702
15703
15704
15705
15706
15707
15708
15709
15710
15711
15712
15713
15714
15715
15716
15717
15718
15719
15720
15721
15722
15723
15724
15725
15726
15727
15728
15729
15730
15731
15732
15733
15734
15735
15736
15737
15738
15739
15740
15741
15742
15743
15744
15745
15746
15747
15748
15749
15750
15751
15752
15753
15754
15755
15756
15757
15758
15759
15760
15761
15762
15763
15764
15765
15766
15767
15768
15769
15770
15771
15772
15773
15774
15775
15776
15777
15778
15779
15780
15781
15782
15783
15784
15785
15786
15787
15788
15789
15790
15791
15792
15793
15794
15795
15796
15797
15798
15799
15800
15801
15802
15803
15804
15805
15806
15807
15808
15809
15810
15811
15812
15813
15814
15815
15816
15817
15818
15819
15820
15821
15822
15823
15824
15825
15826
15827
15828
15829
15830
15831
15832
15833
15834
15835
15836
15837
15838
15839
15840
15841
15842
15843
15844
15845
15846
15847
15848
15849
15850
15851
15852
15853
15854
15855
15856
15857
15858
15859
15860
15861
15862
15863
15864
15865
15866
15867
15868
15869
15870
15871
15872
15873
15874
15875
15876
15877
15878
15879
15880
15881
15882
15883
15884
15885
15886
15887
15888
15889
15890
15891
15892
15893
15894
15895
15896
15897
15898
15899
15900
15901
15902
15903
15904
15905
15906
15907
15908
15909
15910
15911
15912
15913
15914
15915
15916
15917
15918
15919
15920
15921
15922
15923
15924
15925
15926
15927
15928
15929
15930
15931
15932
15933
15934
15935
15936
15937
15938
15939
15940
15941
15942
15943
15944
15945
15946
15947
15948
15949
15950
15951
15952
15953
15954
15955
15956
15957
15958
15959
15960
15961
15962
15963
15964
15965
15966
15967
15968
15969
15970
15971
15972
15973
15974
15975
15976
15977
15978
15979
15980
15981
15982
15983
15984
15985
15986
15987
15988
15989
15990
15991
15992
15993
15994
15995
15996
15997
15998
15999
16000
16001
16002
16003
16004
16005
16006
16007
16008
16009
16010
16011
16012
16013
16014
16015
16016
16017
16018
16019
16020
16021
16022
16023
16024
16025
16026
16027
16028
16029
16030
16031
16032
16033
16034
16035
16036
16037
16038
16039
16040
16041
16042
16043
16044
16045
16046
16047
16048
16049
16050
16051
16052
16053
16054
16055
16056
16057
16058
16059
16060
16061
16062
16063
16064
16065
16066
16067
16068
16069
16070
16071
16072
16073
16074
16075
16076
16077
16078
16079
16080
16081
16082
16083
16084
16085
16086
16087
16088
16089
16090
16091
16092
16093
16094
16095
16096
16097
16098
16099
16100
16101
16102
16103
16104
16105
16106
16107
16108
16109
16110
16111
16112
16113
16114
16115
16116
16117
16118
16119
16120
16121
16122
16123
16124
16125
16126
16127
16128
16129
16130
16131
16132
16133
16134
16135
16136
16137
16138
16139
16140
16141
16142
16143
16144
16145
16146
16147
16148
16149
16150
16151
16152
16153
16154
16155
16156
16157
16158
16159
16160
16161
16162
16163
16164
16165
16166
16167
16168
16169
16170
16171
16172
16173
16174
16175
16176
16177
16178
16179
16180
16181
16182
16183
16184
16185
16186
16187
16188
16189
16190
16191
16192
16193
16194
16195
16196
16197
16198
16199
16200
16201
16202
16203
16204
16205
16206
16207
16208
16209
16210
16211
16212
16213
16214
16215
16216
16217
16218
16219
16220
16221
16222
16223
16224
16225
16226
16227
16228
16229
16230
16231
16232
16233
16234
16235
16236
16237
16238
16239
16240
16241
16242
16243
16244
16245
16246
16247
16248
16249
16250
16251
16252
16253
16254
16255
16256
16257
16258
16259
16260
16261
16262
16263
16264
16265
16266
16267
16268
16269
16270
16271
16272
16273
16274
16275
16276
16277
16278
16279
16280
16281
16282
16283
16284
16285
16286
16287
16288
16289
16290
16291
16292
16293
16294
16295
16296
16297
16298

%!PS-Adobe-2.0
%%Creator: dvips(k) 5.95a Copyright 2005 Radical Eye Software
%%Title: bashref.dvi
%%Pages: 164
%%PageOrder: Ascend
%%BoundingBox: 0 0 612 792
%%DocumentFonts: CMBX12 CMR10 CMTT10 CMSL10 CMSY10 CMMI12 CMMI10 CMCSC10
%%+ CMTI10 CMSLTT10 CMTT12 CMTT9 CMMI9 CMR9
%%DocumentPaperSizes: Letter
%%EndComments
%DVIPSWebPage: (www.radicaleye.com)
%DVIPSCommandLine: dvips -D 600 -t letter -o bashref.ps bashref.dvi
%DVIPSParameters: dpi=600
%DVIPSSource:  TeX output 2009.12.29:1559
%%BeginProcSet: tex.pro 0 0
%!
/TeXDict 300 dict def TeXDict begin/N{def}def/B{bind def}N/S{exch}N/X{S
N}B/A{dup}B/TR{translate}N/isls false N/vsize 11 72 mul N/hsize 8.5 72
mul N/landplus90{false}def/@rigin{isls{[0 landplus90{1 -1}{-1 1}ifelse 0
0 0]concat}if 72 Resolution div 72 VResolution div neg scale isls{
landplus90{VResolution 72 div vsize mul 0 exch}{Resolution -72 div hsize
mul 0}ifelse TR}if Resolution VResolution vsize -72 div 1 add mul TR[
matrix currentmatrix{A A round sub abs 0.00001 lt{round}if}forall round
exch round exch]setmatrix}N/@landscape{/isls true N}B/@manualfeed{
statusdict/manualfeed true put}B/@copies{/#copies X}B/FMat[1 0 0 -1 0 0]
N/FBB[0 0 0 0]N/nn 0 N/IEn 0 N/ctr 0 N/df-tail{/nn 8 dict N nn begin
/FontType 3 N/FontMatrix fntrx N/FontBBox FBB N string/base X array
/BitMaps X/BuildChar{CharBuilder}N/Encoding IEn N end A{/foo setfont}2
array copy cvx N load 0 nn put/ctr 0 N[}B/sf 0 N/df{/sf 1 N/fntrx FMat N
df-tail}B/dfs{div/sf X/fntrx[sf 0 0 sf neg 0 0]N df-tail}B/E{pop nn A
definefont setfont}B/Cw{Cd A length 5 sub get}B/Ch{Cd A length 4 sub get
}B/Cx{128 Cd A length 3 sub get sub}B/Cy{Cd A length 2 sub get 127 sub}
B/Cdx{Cd A length 1 sub get}B/Ci{Cd A type/stringtype ne{ctr get/ctr ctr
1 add N}if}B/CharBuilder{save 3 1 roll S A/base get 2 index get S
/BitMaps get S get/Cd X pop/ctr 0 N Cdx 0 Cx Cy Ch sub Cx Cw add Cy
setcachedevice Cw Ch true[1 0 0 -1 -.1 Cx sub Cy .1 sub]{Ci}imagemask
restore}B/D{/cc X A type/stringtype ne{]}if nn/base get cc ctr put nn
/BitMaps get S ctr S sf 1 ne{A A length 1 sub A 2 index S get sf div put
}if put/ctr ctr 1 add N}B/I{cc 1 add D}B/bop{userdict/bop-hook known{
bop-hook}if/SI save N @rigin 0 0 moveto/V matrix currentmatrix A 1 get A
mul exch 0 get A mul add .99 lt{/QV}{/RV}ifelse load def pop pop}N/eop{
SI restore userdict/eop-hook known{eop-hook}if showpage}N/@start{
userdict/start-hook known{start-hook}if pop/VResolution X/Resolution X
1000 div/DVImag X/IEn 256 array N 2 string 0 1 255{IEn S A 360 add 36 4
index cvrs cvn put}for pop 65781.76 div/vsize X 65781.76 div/hsize X}N
/p{show}N/RMat[1 0 0 -1 0 0]N/BDot 260 string N/Rx 0 N/Ry 0 N/V{}B/RV/v{
/Ry X/Rx X V}B statusdict begin/product where{pop false[(Display)(NeXT)
(LaserWriter 16/600)]{A length product length le{A length product exch 0
exch getinterval eq{pop true exit}if}{pop}ifelse}forall}{false}ifelse
end{{gsave TR -.1 .1 TR 1 1 scale Rx Ry false RMat{BDot}imagemask
grestore}}{{gsave TR -.1 .1 TR Rx Ry scale 1 1 false RMat{BDot}
imagemask grestore}}ifelse B/QV{gsave newpath transform round exch round
exch itransform moveto Rx 0 rlineto 0 Ry neg rlineto Rx neg 0 rlineto
fill grestore}B/a{moveto}B/delta 0 N/tail{A/delta X 0 rmoveto}B/M{S p
delta add tail}B/b{S p tail}B/c{-4 M}B/d{-3 M}B/e{-2 M}B/f{-1 M}B/g{0 M}
B/h{1 M}B/i{2 M}B/j{3 M}B/k{4 M}B/w{0 rmoveto}B/l{p -4 w}B/m{p -3 w}B/n{
p -2 w}B/o{p -1 w}B/q{p 1 w}B/r{p 2 w}B/s{p 3 w}B/t{p 4 w}B/x{0 S
rmoveto}B/y{3 2 roll p a}B/bos{/SS save N}B/eos{SS restore}B end

%%EndProcSet
%%BeginProcSet: texps.pro 0 0
%!
TeXDict begin/rf{findfont dup length 1 add dict begin{1 index/FID ne 2
index/UniqueID ne and{def}{pop pop}ifelse}forall[1 index 0 6 -1 roll
exec 0 exch 5 -1 roll VResolution Resolution div mul neg 0 0]FontType 0
ne{/Metrics exch def dict begin Encoding{exch dup type/integertype ne{
pop pop 1 sub dup 0 le{pop}{[}ifelse}{FontMatrix 0 get div Metrics 0 get
div def}ifelse}forall Metrics/Metrics currentdict end def}{{1 index type
/nametype eq{exit}if exch pop}loop}ifelse[2 index currentdict end
definefont 3 -1 roll makefont/setfont cvx]cvx def}def/ObliqueSlant{dup
sin S cos div neg}B/SlantFont{4 index mul add}def/ExtendFont{3 -1 roll
mul exch}def/ReEncodeFont{CharStrings rcheck{/Encoding false def dup[
exch{dup CharStrings exch known not{pop/.notdef/Encoding true def}if}
forall Encoding{]exch pop}{cleartomark}ifelse}if/Encoding exch def}def
end

%%EndProcSet
%%BeginFont: CMTT12
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMTT12 1.0
%%CreationDate: 1991 Aug 20 16:45:46
% Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved.
11 dict begin
/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
/version (1.0) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def
/FullName (CMTT12) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle 0 def
/isFixedPitch true def
end readonly def
/FontName /CMTT12 def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 45 /hyphen put
dup 103 /g put
dup 104 /h put
dup 105 /i put
dup 108 /l put
dup 110 /n put
dup 111 /o put
dup 115 /s put
dup 123 /braceleft put
dup 125 /braceright put
readonly def
/FontBBox{-1 -234 524 695}readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec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0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
cleartomark
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMR9
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMR9 1.0
%%CreationDate: 1991 Aug 20 16:39:59
% Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved.
11 dict begin
/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
/version (1.0) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def
/FullName (CMR9) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle 0 def
/isFixedPitch false def
end readonly def
/FontName /CMR9 def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 12 /fi put
dup 44 /comma put
dup 48 /zero put
dup 49 /one put
dup 50 /two put
dup 51 /three put
dup 52 /four put
dup 53 /five put
dup 54 /six put
dup 55 /seven put
dup 56 /eight put
dup 57 /nine put
dup 65 /A put
dup 66 /B put
dup 68 /D put
dup 72 /H put
dup 73 /I put
dup 77 /M put
dup 78 /N put
dup 79 /O put
dup 80 /P put
dup 82 /R put
dup 83 /S put
dup 88 /X put
dup 97 /a put
dup 98 /b put
dup 99 /c put
dup 100 /d put
dup 101 /e put
dup 102 /f put
dup 103 /g put
dup 104 /h put
dup 105 /i put
dup 106 /j put
dup 107 /k put
dup 108 /l put
dup 109 /m put
dup 110 /n put
dup 111 /o put
dup 112 /p put
dup 113 /q put
dup 114 /r put
dup 115 /s put
dup 116 /t put
dup 117 /u put
dup 118 /v put
dup 119 /w put
dup 120 /x put
dup 121 /y put
dup 122 /z put
readonly def
/FontBBox{-39 -250 1036 750}readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec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0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
cleartomark
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMMI9
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMMI9 1.100
%%CreationDate: 1996 Jul 23 07:53:55
% Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved.
11 dict begin
/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
/version (1.100) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def
/FullName (CMMI9) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle -14.04 def
/isFixedPitch false def
end readonly def
/FontName /CMMI9 def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 58 /period put
readonly def
/FontBBox{-29 -250 1075 750}readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
D9D66F633B846A97B686A97E45A3D0AA0529731C99A784CCBE85B4993B2EEBDE
3B12D472B7CF54651EF21185116A69AB1096ED4BAD2F646635E019B6417CC77B
532F85D811C70D1429A19A5307EF63EB5C5E02C89FC6C20F6D9D89E7D91FE470
B72BEFDA23F5DF76BE05AF4CE93137A219ED8A04A9D7D6FDF37E6B7FCDE0D90B
986423E5960A5D9FBB4C956556E8DF90CBFAEC476FA36FD9A5C8175C9AF513FE
D919C2DDD26BDC0D99398B9F4D03D5993DFC0930297866E1CD0A319B6B1FD958
9E394A533A081C36D6F5CA5FED4F9AC9ADE41E04F9FC52E758C9F45A92BED935
86F9CFDB57732045913A6422AD4206418610C81D882EE493DE9523CC1BFE1505
DD1390B19BC1947A01B93BC668BE9B2A0E69A968554239B88C00AF9FBDF09CCD
67D3B2094C11A04762FE8CC1E91D020A28B3C122D24BEAACF82313F4604F2FEF
6E176D730A879BE45DD0D4996EF0247AEB1CA0AB08FF374D99F06D47B36F9554
FAD9A2D3CE451B7791C3709D8A1DDDEFBD840C1B42AB824D5A0DFF0E0F15B0B7
22AEEB877FF489581DA6FA8DA64944555101EB16F7AB0B717E148B7B98D8DBFD
730C52937E226545CF8DC3E07C5BA30739BAFCD0F2B44275A6D503F582C0FB4F
449963D0AD2FAFDE33BA3D77BCA9D1DF878DDAFCA2E22CC4BACD542B282164C7
97C2BDE318AF9D501CA21F6E662E7AAB75A5F24D2C182E598D175D44E88AB19A
E7CD59584F95B389183EE21B525BF52A3F23C0FE5383A5565A19361D716F508C
AAB78411CA5A4D27552CC1C435760D5A89D535B71C593E755C616661363308DA
A683F54ED0C23FB2C225A008392B0B719F66F11A946A090B7C00B662A3C69599
B4ECB0CC70C85C4BBBF207E0026F6C7A19F2ACFB7A60804FC98A4BFFD7BFFF2B
9529E6D9D4238002BBC255BC62959D6F3381FE06E0621B879D5FE5B541D45A1E
759A6E7DC32B1D1632368D09A97039DF255B6492B1B2B7E2C1434E8306ECA7D3
5A79B6D614B4979F10988BC76ED53A5F45315CD7DA216221F842FD0F3E050DD2
BAC23C984D506D8F7D614BCB6B244F5F41321549BB0BD041FBF3053307168680
3435E9C9445A59A7C666418C4F2512C32058B1CE1EA46C7839C6E372F6CC60AE
2CF46DD2F130B532DE8ECD42D9204500E413799E298CF6426F28D23BB7216BEA
1A618B3ECC61B44DDEF0BB22D640B47C09AC0DF378CE68FC9CD88BDAE9ED89CB
431A5CF9C3E9528FEE7A9936C2B1CF7B38DD2B95773F0EA0051607BE1B0B3588
A8B907A5EF011B4622C5093A7B107DD1EED6FEE9536DECF1CC96E65373D0F433
30AE3C094654ABF4698C07F8C74E71D023DFD242EE83B1306786124DD8C6BFA7
801E66CB944BE7EBCB3FE803EC97067AF7AFC8A4E9AC9D11
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
cleartomark
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMSLTT10
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMSLTT10 1.0
%%CreationDate: 1991 Aug 20 16:41:43
% Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved.
11 dict begin
/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
/version (1.0) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def
/FullName (CMSLTT10) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle -9.46 def
/isFixedPitch true def
end readonly def
/FontName /CMSLTT10 def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 39 /quoteright put
dup 42 /asterisk put
dup 45 /hyphen put
dup 48 /zero put
dup 49 /one put
dup 50 /two put
dup 51 /three put
dup 58 /colon put
dup 65 /A put
dup 67 /C put
dup 68 /D put
dup 69 /E put
dup 70 /F put
dup 72 /H put
dup 73 /I put
dup 74 /J put
dup 76 /L put
dup 77 /M put
dup 78 /N put
dup 80 /P put
dup 82 /R put
dup 84 /T put
dup 88 /X put
dup 92 /backslash put
dup 95 /underscore put
dup 97 /a put
dup 98 /b put
dup 99 /c put
dup 100 /d put
dup 101 /e put
dup 102 /f put
dup 103 /g put
dup 104 /h put
dup 105 /i put
dup 106 /j put
dup 107 /k put
dup 108 /l put
dup 109 /m put
dup 110 /n put
dup 111 /o put
dup 112 /p put
dup 113 /q put
dup 114 /r put
dup 115 /s put
dup 116 /t put
dup 117 /u put
dup 118 /v put
dup 119 /w put
dup 120 /x put
dup 121 /y put
readonly def
/FontBBox{-20 -233 617 696}readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec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0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
cleartomark
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMTT9
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMTT9 1.0
%%CreationDate: 1991 Aug 20 16:46:24
% Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved.
11 dict begin
/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
/version (1.0) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def
/FullName (CMTT9) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle 0 def
/isFixedPitch true def
end readonly def
/FontName /CMTT9 def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 33 /exclam put
dup 35 /numbersign put
dup 36 /dollar put
dup 38 /ampersand put
dup 39 /quoteright put
dup 40 /parenleft put
dup 41 /parenright put
dup 42 /asterisk put
dup 44 /comma put
dup 45 /hyphen put
dup 46 /period put
dup 47 /slash put
dup 48 /zero put
dup 49 /one put
dup 50 /two put
dup 51 /three put
dup 52 /four put
dup 58 /colon put
dup 59 /semicolon put
dup 60 /less put
dup 62 /greater put
dup 63 /question put
dup 64 /at put
dup 65 /A put
dup 66 /B put
dup 67 /C put
dup 68 /D put
dup 69 /E put
dup 70 /F put
dup 71 /G put
dup 72 /H put
dup 73 /I put
dup 75 /K put
dup 76 /L put
dup 77 /M put
dup 78 /N put
dup 79 /O put
dup 80 /P put
dup 82 /R put
dup 83 /S put
dup 84 /T put
dup 85 /U put
dup 86 /V put
dup 87 /W put
dup 88 /X put
dup 89 /Y put
dup 90 /Z put
dup 91 /bracketleft put
dup 93 /bracketright put
dup 94 /asciicircum put
dup 95 /underscore put
dup 96 /quoteleft put
dup 97 /a put
dup 98 /b put
dup 99 /c put
dup 100 /d put
dup 101 /e put
dup 102 /f put
dup 103 /g put
dup 104 /h put
dup 105 /i put
dup 106 /j put
dup 107 /k put
dup 108 /l put
dup 109 /m put
dup 110 /n put
dup 111 /o put
dup 112 /p put
dup 113 /q put
dup 114 /r put
dup 115 /s put
dup 116 /t put
dup 117 /u put
dup 118 /v put
dup 119 /w put
dup 120 /x put
dup 121 /y put
dup 122 /z put
dup 123 /braceleft put
dup 125 /braceright put
dup 126 /asciitilde put
readonly def
/FontBBox{-6 -233 542 698}readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec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0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
cleartomark
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMR10
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMR10 1.00B
%%CreationDate: 1992 Feb 19 19:54:52
% Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved.
11 dict begin
/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
/version (1.00B) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def
/FullName (CMR10) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle 0 def
/isFixedPitch false def
end readonly def
/FontName /CMR10 def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 11 /ff put
dup 12 /fi put
dup 13 /fl put
dup 14 /ffi put
dup 33 /exclam put
dup 34 /quotedblright put
dup 36 /dollar put
dup 37 /percent put
dup 38 /ampersand put
dup 39 /quoteright put
dup 40 /parenleft put
dup 41 /parenright put
dup 44 /comma put
dup 45 /hyphen put
dup 46 /period put
dup 47 /slash put
dup 48 /zero put
dup 49 /one put
dup 50 /two put
dup 51 /three put
dup 52 /four put
dup 53 /five put
dup 54 /six put
dup 55 /seven put
dup 56 /eight put
dup 57 /nine put
dup 58 /colon put
dup 59 /semicolon put
dup 61 /equal put
dup 63 /question put
dup 65 /A put
dup 66 /B put
dup 67 /C put
dup 68 /D put
dup 69 /E put
dup 70 /F put
dup 71 /G put
dup 72 /H put
dup 73 /I put
dup 74 /J put
dup 75 /K put
dup 76 /L put
dup 77 /M put
dup 78 /N put
dup 79 /O put
dup 80 /P put
dup 81 /Q put
dup 82 /R put
dup 83 /S put
dup 84 /T put
dup 85 /U put
dup 86 /V put
dup 87 /W put
dup 88 /X put
dup 89 /Y put
dup 90 /Z put
dup 91 /bracketleft put
dup 92 /quotedblleft put
dup 93 /bracketright put
dup 96 /quoteleft put
dup 97 /a put
dup 98 /b put
dup 99 /c put
dup 100 /d put
dup 101 /e put
dup 102 /f put
dup 103 /g put
dup 104 /h put
dup 105 /i put
dup 106 /j put
dup 107 /k put
dup 108 /l put
dup 109 /m put
dup 110 /n put
dup 111 /o put
dup 112 /p put
dup 113 /q put
dup 114 /r put
dup 115 /s put
dup 116 /t put
dup 117 /u put
dup 118 /v put
dup 119 /w put
dup 120 /x put
dup 121 /y put
dup 122 /z put
dup 123 /endash put
dup 124 /emdash put
readonly def
/FontBBox{-251 -250 1009 969}readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec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0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
cleartomark
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMCSC10
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMCSC10 1.0
%%CreationDate: 1991 Aug 18 17:46:49
% Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved.
11 dict begin
/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
/version (1.0) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def
/FullName (CMCSC10) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle 0 def
/isFixedPitch false def
end readonly def
/FontName /CMCSC10 def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 45 /hyphen put
dup 47 /slash put
dup 50 /two put
dup 97 /a put
dup 98 /b put
dup 99 /c put
dup 100 /d put
dup 101 /e put
dup 102 /f put
dup 103 /g put
dup 105 /i put
dup 108 /l put
dup 109 /m put
dup 110 /n put
dup 111 /o put
dup 112 /p put
dup 114 /r put
dup 115 /s put
dup 117 /u put
dup 120 /x put
readonly def
/FontBBox{14 -250 1077 750}readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec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%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMBX12
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMBX12 1.0
%%CreationDate: 1991 Aug 20 16:34:54
% Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved.
11 dict begin
/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
/version (1.0) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def
/FullName (CMBX12) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Bold) readonly def
/ItalicAngle 0 def
/isFixedPitch false def
end readonly def
/FontName /CMBX12 def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 11 /ff put
dup 12 /fi put
dup 33 /exclam put
dup 35 /numbersign put
dup 36 /dollar put
dup 39 /quoteright put
dup 42 /asterisk put
dup 44 /comma put
dup 45 /hyphen put
dup 46 /period put
dup 48 /zero put
dup 49 /one put
dup 50 /two put
dup 51 /three put
dup 52 /four put
dup 53 /five put
dup 54 /six put
dup 55 /seven put
dup 56 /eight put
dup 57 /nine put
dup 58 /colon put
dup 63 /question put
dup 64 /at put
dup 65 /A put
dup 66 /B put
dup 67 /C put
dup 68 /D put
dup 69 /E put
dup 70 /F put
dup 71 /G put
dup 72 /H put
dup 73 /I put
dup 74 /J put
dup 75 /K put
dup 76 /L put
dup 77 /M put
dup 78 /N put
dup 79 /O put
dup 80 /P put
dup 81 /Q put
dup 82 /R put
dup 83 /S put
dup 84 /T put
dup 85 /U put
dup 86 /V put
dup 87 /W put
dup 88 /X put
dup 89 /Y put
dup 91 /bracketleft put
dup 93 /bracketright put
dup 96 /quoteleft put
dup 97 /a put
dup 98 /b put
dup 99 /c put
dup 100 /d put
dup 101 /e put
dup 102 /f put
dup 103 /g put
dup 104 /h put
dup 105 /i put
dup 106 /j put
dup 107 /k put
dup 108 /l put
dup 109 /m put
dup 110 /n put
dup 111 /o put
dup 112 /p put
dup 113 /q put
dup 114 /r put
dup 115 /s put
dup 116 /t put
dup 117 /u put
dup 118 /v put
dup 119 /w put
dup 120 /x put
dup 121 /y put
readonly def
/FontBBox{-53 -251 1139 750}readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec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0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
cleartomark
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMTI10
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMTI10 1.00B
%%CreationDate: 1992 Feb 19 19:56:16
% Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved.
11 dict begin
/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
/version (1.00B) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def
/FullName (CMTI10) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle -14.04 def
/isFixedPitch false def
end readonly def
/FontName /CMTI10 def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 12 /fi put
dup 45 /hyphen put
dup 97 /a put
dup 99 /c put
dup 100 /d put
dup 101 /e put
dup 103 /g put
dup 105 /i put
dup 108 /l put
dup 109 /m put
dup 110 /n put
dup 111 /o put
dup 112 /p put
dup 114 /r put
dup 115 /s put
dup 116 /t put
dup 118 /v put
dup 120 /x put
readonly def
/FontBBox{-163 -250 1146 969}readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec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0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
cleartomark
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMMI10
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMMI10 1.100
%%CreationDate: 1996 Jul 23 07:53:57
% Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved.
11 dict begin
/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
/version (1.100) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def
/FullName (CMMI10) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle -14.04 def
/isFixedPitch false def
end readonly def
/FontName /CMMI10 def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 58 /period put
readonly def
/FontBBox{-32 -250 1048 750}readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec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0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
cleartomark
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMMI12
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMMI12 1.100
%%CreationDate: 1996 Jul 27 08:57:55
% Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved.
11 dict begin
/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
/version (1.100) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def
/FullName (CMMI12) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle -14.04 def
/isFixedPitch false def
end readonly def
/FontName /CMMI12 def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 58 /period put
readonly def
/FontBBox{-30 -250 1026 750}readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec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0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
cleartomark
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMSY10
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMSY10 1.0
%%CreationDate: 1991 Aug 15 07:20:57
% Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved.
11 dict begin
/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
/version (1.0) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def
/FullName (CMSY10) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle -14.035 def
/isFixedPitch false def
end readonly def
/FontName /CMSY10 def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 0 /minus put
dup 13 /circlecopyrt put
dup 15 /bullet put
dup 33 /arrowright put
dup 55 /mapsto put
readonly def
/FontBBox{-29 -960 1116 775}readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
D9D66F633B846A97B686A97E45A3D0AA052F09F9C8ADE9D907C058B87E9B6964
7D53359E51216774A4EAA1E2B58EC3176BD1184A633B951372B4198D4E8C5EF4
A213ACB58AA0A658908035BF2ED8531779838A960DFE2B27EA49C37156989C85
E21B3ABF72E39A89232CD9F4237FC80C9E64E8425AA3BEF7DED60B122A52922A
221A37D9A807DD01161779DDE7D31FF2B87F97C73D63EECDDA4C49501773468A
27D1663E0B62F461F6E40A5D6676D1D12B51E641C1D4E8E2771864FC104F8CBF
5B78EC1D88228725F1C453A678F58A7E1B7BD7CA700717D288EB8DA1F57C4F09
0ABF1D42C5DDD0C384C7E22F8F8047BE1D4C1CC8E33368FB1AC82B4E96146730
DE3302B2E6B819CB6AE455B1AF3187FFE8071AA57EF8A6616B9CB7941D44EC7A
71A7BB3DF755178D7D2E4BB69859EFA4BBC30BD6BB1531133FD4D9438FF99F09
4ECC068A324D75B5F696B8688EEB2F17E5ED34CCD6D047A4E3806D000C199D7C
515DB70A8D4F6146FE068DC1E5DE8BC57033D79919697C81395D5B94C3AAAB11
52D73937B8F82D3E2E764DA1B3BE273CBB84E4B1919CC1D5586C21F6FC23BF1D
82DE5A8DFA3E8F5C25622AAB9F7A588532D13C663079C8FB84DA6BD4D2DEDB2F
84CE30D0F188EEA26BAA650B1AA18C7D241CC179AE82933C45A82BD57808E2D8
032E1ABA37E4FD8E27AF35326011B8BD7FCA4EA71B5FDB60F7D63D0874B77656
F289B324BE95E33A9B732669966C96E64C4840A8EDE39410E6F6F0F027063530
B760AECC1594FED97FDAF84016D6D7CD8358E062040143593FD734B7EBEF810C
6B1B941E0676910D0A04466C27EB62523967DA65748264D137D8ED841E3D36A8
06761884C9AC0DE7C88FBA06B933E311EC28B17428C69C796E3F14C6E7CF97E7
9FF2559E5D1F9EA00554A5995096075ED8901E2F45E76B2C5566E947E41294B5
9BC17D2F1AB2C577F2710540F7235BB4569D2FEE06C8E45C8A1C0BDCA78A43D5
7A687297D36E269B9EC59754EDB5DE481018BA228AEC200DD877D3E5DA7159C6
50F4D7348BA64508F84DAF7FCF01B8C5ABFBE5861D4B32F9E32C7C4B2B6EA064
F179E8F62E3A59DC65FB475A3DB61C36E43AB3EEF286A50FD5F57277747CB7B7
78284143B3F0196437A1DEC9E61454F80C6720D8008EB945799236677E7FA331
E091CD5D924C48EF02DEB2B54D8EE02897C481C815C24F15A7548E2ED908E3DE
3763983CE2ED0A86B6BB97B4626F1AAFFAFF27CEF18947AF2EB40D7124A122C7
6A6ED9E0528A29F7A238DB73B95869018D40674CEDB9A993B6C117FADE48A8C5
C6ADAE4960C0D56F3E30ACB38CA8AA8443166BCFF6A5FC2177C6836859CDE55B
E0F1E80605C8670AC34DC8E8586ACA6E1CECE99C53A42C5730
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
cleartomark
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMSL10
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMSL10 1.0
%%CreationDate: 1991 Aug 20 16:40:20
% Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved.
11 dict begin
/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
/version (1.0) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def
/FullName (CMSL10) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle -9.46 def
/isFixedPitch false def
end readonly def
/FontName /CMSL10 def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 11 /ff put
dup 12 /fi put
dup 14 /ffi put
dup 42 /asterisk put
dup 45 /hyphen put
dup 49 /one put
dup 50 /two put
dup 51 /three put
dup 65 /A put
dup 66 /B put
dup 67 /C put
dup 68 /D put
dup 69 /E put
dup 70 /F put
dup 71 /G put
dup 72 /H put
dup 73 /I put
dup 75 /K put
dup 76 /L put
dup 77 /M put
dup 78 /N put
dup 79 /O put
dup 80 /P put
dup 82 /R put
dup 83 /S put
dup 84 /T put
dup 85 /U put
dup 87 /W put
dup 88 /X put
dup 97 /a put
dup 98 /b put
dup 99 /c put
dup 100 /d put
dup 101 /e put
dup 102 /f put
dup 103 /g put
dup 104 /h put
dup 105 /i put
dup 106 /j put
dup 107 /k put
dup 108 /l put
dup 109 /m put
dup 110 /n put
dup 111 /o put
dup 112 /p put
dup 113 /q put
dup 114 /r put
dup 115 /s put
dup 116 /t put
dup 117 /u put
dup 118 /v put
dup 119 /w put
dup 120 /x put
dup 121 /y put
readonly def
/FontBBox{-62 -250 1123 750}readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec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0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
cleartomark
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMTT10
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMTT10 1.00B
%%CreationDate: 1992 Apr 26 10:42:42
% Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved.
11 dict begin
/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
/version (1.00B) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def
/FullName (CMTT10) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle 0 def
/isFixedPitch true def
end readonly def
/FontName /CMTT10 def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 33 /exclam put
dup 34 /quotedbl put
dup 35 /numbersign put
dup 36 /dollar put
dup 37 /percent put
dup 38 /ampersand put
dup 39 /quoteright put
dup 40 /parenleft put
dup 41 /parenright put
dup 42 /asterisk put
dup 43 /plus put
dup 44 /comma put
dup 45 /hyphen put
dup 46 /period put
dup 47 /slash put
dup 48 /zero put
dup 49 /one put
dup 50 /two put
dup 51 /three put
dup 52 /four put
dup 53 /five put
dup 54 /six put
dup 55 /seven put
dup 56 /eight put
dup 57 /nine put
dup 58 /colon put
dup 59 /semicolon put
dup 60 /less put
dup 61 /equal put
dup 62 /greater put
dup 63 /question put
dup 64 /at put
dup 65 /A put
dup 66 /B put
dup 67 /C put
dup 68 /D put
dup 69 /E put
dup 70 /F put
dup 71 /G put
dup 72 /H put
dup 73 /I put
dup 75 /K put
dup 76 /L put
dup 77 /M put
dup 78 /N put
dup 79 /O put
dup 80 /P put
dup 81 /Q put
dup 82 /R put
dup 83 /S put
dup 84 /T put
dup 85 /U put
dup 86 /V put
dup 87 /W put
dup 88 /X put
dup 89 /Y put
dup 90 /Z put
dup 91 /bracketleft put
dup 92 /backslash put
dup 93 /bracketright put
dup 94 /asciicircum put
dup 95 /underscore put
dup 96 /quoteleft put
dup 97 /a put
dup 98 /b put
dup 99 /c put
dup 100 /d put
dup 101 /e put
dup 102 /f put
dup 103 /g put
dup 104 /h put
dup 105 /i put
dup 106 /j put
dup 107 /k put
dup 108 /l put
dup 109 /m put
dup 110 /n put
dup 111 /o put
dup 112 /p put
dup 113 /q put
dup 114 /r put
dup 115 /s put
dup 116 /t put
dup 117 /u put
dup 118 /v put
dup 119 /w put
dup 120 /x put
dup 121 /y put
dup 122 /z put
dup 123 /braceleft put
dup 124 /bar put
dup 125 /braceright put
dup 126 /asciitilde put
readonly def
/FontBBox{-4 -235 731 800}readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec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0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
cleartomark
%%EndFont 
TeXDict begin 40258431 52099146 1000 600 600 (bashref.dvi)
@start /Fa 130[62 1[62 123[{}2 119.552 /CMTT12 rf /Fb
133[34 41 41 55 41 43 30 30 30 41 43 38 43 64 21 41 23
21 43 38 23 34 43 34 43 38 8[58 4[43 57 1[52 60 58 70
3[28 58 3[59 1[54 58 7[38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38
3[21 31[43 12[{}50 74.7198 /CMR9 rf /Fc 197[21 58[{}1
74.7198 /CMMI9 rf /Fd 134[39 39 2[39 39 39 39 2[39 39
39 39 2[39 39 2[39 3[39 19[39 27[39 39 2[39 45[{}18 74.7198
/CMSLTT10 rf /Fe 129[39 39 1[39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39
39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39
39 39 39 39 39 1[39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 1[39 39
39 39 39 39 1[39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 1[39
39 39 5[39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 1[39 39 39 39 39 1[39
39 1[39 33[{}81 74.7198 /CMTT9 rf /Ff 167[62 3[60 46
2[57 1[62 76 52 1[43 1[62 65 54 1[63 60 67[{}13 83.022
/CMR10 rf /Fg 135[67 2[67 1[50 2[61 69 5[33 1[70 2[68
52[60 47[{}9 109.174 /CMCSC10 rf /Fh 140[56 3[56 56 1[56
2[56 56 56 57[56 45[{}8 109.091 /CMTT12 rf /Fi 134[48
48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48
48 48 48 48 48 48 1[48 2[48 3[48 3[48 1[48 1[48 1[48
48 48 1[48 48 48 1[48 48 48 48 1[48 6[48 6[48 48 48 48
2[48 2[48 2[48 39[{}50 90.9091 /CMSLTT10 rf /Fj 134[65
65 89 65 68 48 48 50 65 68 61 68 102 34 65 1[34 68 61
37 56 68 55 68 60 34 6[93 1[127 2[85 68 92 92 84 92 96
116 74 96 1[46 96 96 77 81 94 89 87 93 1[58 5[61 61 61
61 61 61 61 61 61 61 1[34 41 34 4[34 26[68 72 11[{}63
109.091 /CMBX12 rf /Fk 135[42 1[42 1[30 37 38 1[46 46
51 74 23 2[28 1[42 1[42 46 42 1[46 51[33 32[51 12[{}18
90.9091 /CMTI10 rf /Fl 135[56 2[56 1[42 55 1[51 58 56
68 47 2[27 1[58 49 51 57 54 53 56 46[50 2[50 1[34 45[{}20
90.9091 /CMCSC10 rf /Fm 197[25 58[{}1 90.9091 /CMMI10
rf /Fn 197[33 58[{}1 119.552 /CMMI12 rf /Fo 134[85 85
1[85 90 63 64 66 1[90 81 90 134 45 1[49 45 90 81 49 74
90 72 90 78 10[122 124 112 90 120 3[126 153 97 1[83 60
126 127 101 106 124 117 115 122 7[81 81 81 81 81 81 81
81 81 81 35[90 94 11[{}52 143.462 /CMBX12 rf /Fp 200[0
21[91 17[45 1[91 12[71{}5 90.9091 /CMSY10 rf /Fq 134[48
48 66 48 51 35 36 36 48 51 45 51 76 25 48 28 25 51 45
28 40 51 40 51 45 8[68 93 1[68 66 51 67 1[62 71 68 83
57 71 1[33 68 71 59 62 69 66 64 68 13[45 45 45 3[30 2[45
27[76 1[51 53 11[{}54 90.9091 /CMSL10 rf /Fr 134[71 71
97 71 75 52 53 55 1[75 67 75 112 37 71 41 37 75 67 41
61 75 60 75 65 3[37 1[37 1[102 102 139 102 103 94 75
100 101 92 101 105 128 81 105 69 50 105 106 85 88 103
97 96 102 105 64 4[37 67 67 67 67 67 67 67 67 67 67 1[37
45 37 1[67 5[67 112 1[41 20[75 78 11[{}73 119.552 /CMBX12
rf /Fs 129[48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48
48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48
48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48
48 48 1[48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48
48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48
48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 33[{}93 90.9091 /CMTT10 rf /Ft
131[91 45 40 48 48 66 48 51 35 36 36 48 51 45 51 76 25
48 28 25 51 45 28 40 51 40 51 45 25 2[25 45 25 56 68
68 93 68 68 66 51 67 71 62 71 68 83 57 71 47 33 68 71
59 62 69 66 64 68 1[43 1[71 1[25 25 45 45 45 45 45 45
45 45 45 45 45 25 30 25 2[35 35 25 71 76 45 1[45 25 18[76
51 51 53 11[{}88 90.9091 /CMR10 rf /Fu 138[108 1[76 79
3[108 1[54 3[108 1[59 88 1[86 1[94 14[144 4[184 10[138
66[{}13 172.154 /CMBX12 rf end
%%EndProlog
%%BeginSetup
%%Feature: *Resolution 600dpi
TeXDict begin
%%BeginPaperSize: Letter
letter
%%EndPaperSize
 end
%%EndSetup
%%Page: 1 1
TeXDict begin 1 0 bop 150 1318 a Fu(Bash)64 b(Reference)j(Man)-5
b(ual)p 150 1385 3600 34 v 2361 1481 a Ft(Reference)31
b(Do)s(cumen)m(tation)i(for)d(Bash)2428 1589 y(Edition)h(4.1,)g(for)f
Fs(Bash)g Ft(V)-8 b(ersion)31 b(4.1.)3145 1697 y(Decem)m(b)s(er)g(2009)
150 4935 y Fr(Chet)45 b(Ramey)-11 b(,)46 b(Case)g(W)-11
b(estern)46 b(Reserv)l(e)g(Univ)l(ersit)l(y)150 5068
y(Brian)f(F)-11 b(o)l(x,)45 b(F)-11 b(ree)45 b(Soft)l(w)l(are)h(F)-11
b(oundation)p 150 5141 3600 17 v eop end
%%Page: 2 2
TeXDict begin 2 1 bop 150 2889 a Ft(This)35 b(text)h(is)g(a)g(brief)f
(description)h(of)f(the)h(features)g(that)g(are)g(presen)m(t)g(in)f
(the)h(Bash)f(shell)h(\(v)m(ersion)150 2999 y(4.1,)c(23)f(Decem)m(b)s
(er)g(2009\).)150 3133 y(This)f(is)g(Edition)h(4.1,)h(last)g(up)s
(dated)d(23)i(Decem)m(b)s(er)h(2009,)h(of)d Fq(The)g(GNU)i(Bash)e
(Reference)i(Man)m(ual)p Ft(,)150 3243 y(for)e Fs(Bash)p
Ft(,)g(V)-8 b(ersion)31 b(4.1.)150 3377 y(Cop)m(yrigh)m(t)602
3374 y(c)577 3377 y Fp(\015)f Ft(1988{2009)35 b(F)-8
b(ree)31 b(Soft)m(w)m(are)h(F)-8 b(oundation,)31 b(Inc.)150
3512 y(P)m(ermission)h(is)h(gran)m(ted)g(to)f(mak)m(e)i(and)d
(distribute)h(v)m(erbatim)h(copies)g(of)f(this)g(man)m(ual)h(pro)m
(vided)f(the)150 3621 y(cop)m(yrigh)m(t)g(notice)f(and)f(this)g(p)s
(ermission)g(notice)h(are)g(preserv)m(ed)f(on)h(all)g(copies.)390
3756 y(P)m(ermission)k(is)h(gran)m(ted)f(to)h(cop)m(y)-8
b(,)38 b(distribute)d(and/or)g(mo)s(dify)f(this)h(do)s(cumen)m(t)g
(under)390 3866 y(the)j(terms)g(of)g(the)g(GNU)h(F)-8
b(ree)39 b(Do)s(cumen)m(tation)h(License,)g(V)-8 b(ersion)39
b(1.3)g(or)f(an)m(y)g(later)390 3975 y(v)m(ersion)28
b(published)d(b)m(y)j(the)f(F)-8 b(ree)29 b(Soft)m(w)m(are)f(F)-8
b(oundation;)30 b(with)d(no)g(In)m(v)-5 b(arian)m(t)28
b(Sections,)390 4085 y(with)i(the)h(F)-8 b(ron)m(t-Co)m(v)m(er)33
b(texts)e(b)s(eing)g(\\A)g(GNU)g(Man)m(ual",)h(and)e(with)g(the)h(Bac)m
(k-Co)m(v)m(er)390 4194 y(T)-8 b(exts)33 b(as)g(in)f(\(a\))h(b)s(elo)m
(w.)47 b(A)33 b(cop)m(y)g(of)f(the)h(license)g(is)g(included)e(in)h
(the)h(section)g(en)m(titled)390 4304 y(\\GNU)e(F)-8
b(ree)32 b(Do)s(cumen)m(tation)g(License".)390 4438 y(\(a\))f(The)f
(FSF's)g(Bac)m(k-Co)m(v)m(er)j(T)-8 b(ext)31 b(is:)41
b(Y)-8 b(ou)31 b(are)f(free)h(to)f(cop)m(y)h(and)f(mo)s(dify)f(this)h
(GNU)390 4548 y(man)m(ual.)41 b(Buying)30 b(copies)h(from)e(GNU)i
(Press)f(supp)s(orts)e(the)i(FSF)g(in)g(dev)m(eloping)h(GNU)390
4658 y(and)f(promoting)g(soft)m(w)m(are)i(freedom.")150
4902 y(Published)d(b)m(y)h(the)h(F)-8 b(ree)31 b(Soft)m(w)m(are)h(F)-8
b(oundation)150 5011 y(59)31 b(T)-8 b(emple)31 b(Place,)h(Suite)e(330,)
150 5121 y(Boston,)i(MA)e(02111-1307)150 5230 y(USA)p
eop end
%%Page: -1 3
TeXDict begin -1 2 bop 3725 -116 a Ft(i)150 299 y Fo(T)-13
b(able)53 b(of)h(Con)l(ten)l(ts)150 641 y Fr(1)135 b(In)l(tro)t
(duction)13 b Fn(:)19 b(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)57 b Fr(1)275 778 y Ft(1.1)92
b(What)31 b(is)f(Bash?)22 b Fm(:)15 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)52 b Ft(1)275 888 y(1.2)92 b(What)31
b(is)f(a)h(shell?)13 b Fm(:)j(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)44 b Ft(1)150 1130 y Fr(2)135 b(De\014nitions)13
b Fn(:)20 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)
f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)57 b Fr(3)150 1400 y(3)135 b(Basic)45
b(Shell)g(F)-11 b(eatures)27 b Fn(:)21 b(:)e(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h
(:)f(:)72 b Fr(5)275 1537 y Ft(3.1)92 b(Shell)30 b(Syn)m(tax)25
b Fm(:)16 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)55
b Ft(5)399 1646 y(3.1.1)93 b(Shell)30 b(Op)s(eration)c
Fm(:)15 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)56 b Ft(5)399 1756
y(3.1.2)93 b(Quoting)15 b Fm(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)45 b Ft(6)524 1866 y(3.1.2.1)93 b(Escap)s(e)30
b(Character)11 b Fm(:)16 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)41 b Ft(6)524 1975 y(3.1.2.2)93
b(Single)31 b(Quotes)d Fm(:)15 b(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)58 b Ft(6)524
2085 y(3.1.2.3)93 b(Double)31 b(Quotes)26 b Fm(:)16 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)56
b Ft(6)524 2194 y(3.1.2.4)93 b(ANSI-C)30 b(Quoting)d
Fm(:)16 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)h(:)57 b Ft(6)524 2304 y(3.1.2.5)93 b(Lo)s(cale-Sp)s(eci\014c)
32 b(T)-8 b(ranslation)8 b Fm(:)16 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h
(:)38 b Ft(7)399 2413 y(3.1.3)93 b(Commen)m(ts)26 b Fm(:)15
b(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)56 b
Ft(7)275 2523 y(3.2)92 b(Shell)30 b(Commands)21 b Fm(:)14
b(:)i(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)51 b Ft(7)399
2633 y(3.2.1)93 b(Simple)30 b(Commands)c Fm(:)15 b(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)57
b Ft(8)399 2742 y(3.2.2)93 b(Pip)s(elines)18 b Fm(:)d(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)48 b Ft(8)399
2852 y(3.2.3)93 b(Lists)30 b(of)h(Commands)15 b Fm(:)f(:)h(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)45
b Ft(8)399 2961 y(3.2.4)93 b(Comp)s(ound)28 b(Commands)22
b Fm(:)16 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)54 b Ft(9)524 3071 y(3.2.4.1)93 b(Lo)s(oping)30
b(Constructs)11 b Fm(:)k(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)41 b Ft(9)524 3181 y(3.2.4.2)93 b(Conditional)31
b(Constructs)18 b Fm(:)d(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)47
b Ft(10)524 3290 y(3.2.4.3)93 b(Grouping)30 b(Commands)15
b Fm(:)f(:)i(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)45
b Ft(13)399 3400 y(3.2.5)93 b(Copro)s(cesses)18 b Fm(:)d(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)47 b Ft(14)275 3509 y(3.3)92
b(Shell)30 b(F)-8 b(unctions)29 b Fm(:)15 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)58 b Ft(14)275 3619 y(3.4)92 b(Shell)30
b(P)m(arameters)17 b Fm(:)f(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)46
b Ft(15)399 3729 y(3.4.1)93 b(P)m(ositional)32 b(P)m(arameters)20
b Fm(:)d(:)f(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h
(:)f(:)50 b Ft(16)399 3838 y(3.4.2)93 b(Sp)s(ecial)30
b(P)m(arameters)16 b Fm(:)h(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)46 b Ft(16)275 3948
y(3.5)92 b(Shell)30 b(Expansions)17 b Fm(:)d(:)h(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)h(:)46 b Ft(17)399 4057 y(3.5.1)93 b(Brace)31
b(Expansion)21 b Fm(:)15 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)50 b Ft(18)399
4167 y(3.5.2)93 b(Tilde)30 b(Expansion)10 b Fm(:)15 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)40 b Ft(19)399 4276 y(3.5.3)93 b(Shell)30 b(P)m(arameter)i
(Expansion)18 b Fm(:)d(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
48 b Ft(19)399 4386 y(3.5.4)93 b(Command)29 b(Substitution)12
b Fm(:)j(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)42 b Ft(22)399 4496 y(3.5.5)93 b(Arithmetic)31 b(Expansion)19
b Fm(:)c(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)h(:)48 b Ft(23)399 4605 y(3.5.6)93 b(Pro)s(cess)30
b(Substitution)d Fm(:)15 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)57 b Ft(23)399 4715 y(3.5.7)93
b(W)-8 b(ord)31 b(Splitting)20 b Fm(:)15 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)49
b Ft(23)399 4824 y(3.5.8)93 b(Filename)32 b(Expansion)13
b Fm(:)i(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)43 b Ft(24)524 4934 y(3.5.8.1)93 b(P)m(attern)31
b(Matc)m(hing)d Fm(:)16 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)56 b Ft(24)399 5044 y(3.5.9)93 b(Quote)31
b(Remo)m(v)-5 b(al)9 b Fm(:)17 b(:)e(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)39
b Ft(25)275 5153 y(3.6)92 b(Redirections)26 b Fm(:)15
b(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)55
b Ft(26)399 5263 y(3.6.1)93 b(Redirecting)31 b(Input)23
b Fm(:)14 b(:)i(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)52 b Ft(27)p eop end
%%Page: -2 4
TeXDict begin -2 3 bop 150 -116 a Ft(ii)2612 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)399 83 y(3.6.2)93 b(Redirecting)31
b(Output)26 b Fm(:)15 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)56 b Ft(27)399 193 y(3.6.3)93
b(App)s(ending)28 b(Redirected)k(Output)12 b Fm(:)h(:)j(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)41 b Ft(27)399 302 y(3.6.4)93 b(Redirecting)31
b(Standard)e(Output)h(and)f(Standard)h(Error)d Fm(:)15
b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)58 b Ft(27)399 412 y(3.6.5)93
b(App)s(ending)28 b(Standard)i(Output)f(and)h(Standard)f(Error)19
b Fm(:)14 b(:)h(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)48 b Ft(28)399
521 y(3.6.6)93 b(Here)31 b(Do)s(cumen)m(ts)c Fm(:)15
b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)56 b Ft(28)399 631 y(3.6.7)93 b(Here)31
b(Strings)c Fm(:)16 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h
(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)58
b Ft(28)399 741 y(3.6.8)93 b(Duplicating)32 b(File)f(Descriptors)16
b Fm(:)g(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)46
b Ft(28)399 850 y(3.6.9)93 b(Mo)m(ving)32 b(File)f(Descriptors)19
b Fm(:)d(:)g(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)49
b Ft(29)399 960 y(3.6.10)93 b(Op)s(ening)29 b(File)j(Descriptors)f(for)
f(Reading)h(and)f(W)-8 b(riting)19 b Fm(:)e(:)e(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)49
b Ft(29)275 1069 y(3.7)92 b(Executing)31 b(Commands)17
b Fm(:)d(:)h(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)46 b Ft(29)399 1179 y(3.7.1)93
b(Simple)30 b(Command)f(Expansion)23 b Fm(:)15 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)52 b Ft(29)399 1289 y(3.7.2)93 b(Command)29
b(Searc)m(h)i(and)f(Execution)d Fm(:)15 b(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)56
b Ft(30)399 1398 y(3.7.3)93 b(Command)29 b(Execution)i(En)m(vironmen)m
(t)8 b Fm(:)16 b(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)38 b Ft(30)399 1508
y(3.7.4)93 b(En)m(vironmen)m(t)18 b Fm(:)d(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)h(:)47 b Ft(31)399 1617 y(3.7.5)93 b(Exit)31 b(Status)c
Fm(:)16 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)57 b
Ft(32)399 1727 y(3.7.6)93 b(Signals)15 b Fm(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)44 b Ft(32)275 1836
y(3.8)92 b(Shell)30 b(Scripts)23 b Fm(:)15 b(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)53 b Ft(33)150 2079 y Fr(4)135
b(Shell)45 b(Builtin)g(Commands)22 b Fn(:)e(:)g(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)67
b Fr(35)275 2216 y Ft(4.1)92 b(Bourne)30 b(Shell)g(Builtins)e
Fm(:)15 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)57 b Ft(35)275 2325 y(4.2)92
b(Bash)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)24 b Fm(:)15 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)54
b Ft(41)275 2435 y(4.3)92 b(Mo)s(difying)30 b(Shell)g(Beha)m(vior)9
b Fm(:)17 b(:)f(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)39 b Ft(51)399 2545 y(4.3.1)93 b(The)30
b(Set)g(Builtin)c Fm(:)16 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)55 b
Ft(51)399 2654 y(4.3.2)93 b(The)30 b(Shopt)f(Builtin)13
b Fm(:)j(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)43 b Ft(55)275 2764 y(4.4)92 b(Sp)s(ecial)30
b(Builtins)21 b Fm(:)16 b(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)50
b Ft(59)150 3006 y Fr(5)135 b(Shell)45 b(V)-11 b(ariables)19
b Fn(:)h(:)g(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)64
b Fr(61)275 3143 y Ft(5.1)92 b(Bourne)30 b(Shell)g(V)-8
b(ariables)22 b Fm(:)16 b(:)g(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)51 b Ft(61)275
3253 y(5.2)92 b(Bash)30 b(V)-8 b(ariables)16 b Fm(:)h(:)f(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)46 b Ft(61)150 3495 y
Fr(6)135 b(Bash)44 b(F)-11 b(eatures)13 b Fn(:)20 b(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)58 b Fr(71)275
3632 y Ft(6.1)92 b(In)m(v)m(oking)31 b(Bash)d Fm(:)16
b(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)58 b
Ft(71)275 3742 y(6.2)92 b(Bash)30 b(Startup)g(Files)20
b Fm(:)c(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)49 b Ft(73)275
3851 y(6.3)92 b(In)m(teractiv)m(e)32 b(Shells)11 b Fm(:)16
b(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)41 b Ft(75)399
3961 y(6.3.1)93 b(What)31 b(is)f(an)h(In)m(teractiv)m(e)h(Shell?)17
b Fm(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)47 b
Ft(75)399 4071 y(6.3.2)93 b(Is)30 b(this)g(Shell)g(In)m(teractiv)m(e?)
14 b Fm(:)k(:)e(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
44 b Ft(75)399 4180 y(6.3.3)93 b(In)m(teractiv)m(e)33
b(Shell)d(Beha)m(vior)23 b Fm(:)17 b(:)e(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)52 b Ft(75)275 4290 y(6.4)92 b(Bash)30
b(Conditional)h(Expressions)22 b Fm(:)14 b(:)i(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)51 b Ft(76)275 4399 y(6.5)92
b(Shell)30 b(Arithmetic)c Fm(:)15 b(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)55 b Ft(78)275 4509 y(6.6)92 b(Aliases)12 b Fm(:)k(:)g(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)42
b Ft(79)275 4619 y(6.7)92 b(Arra)m(ys)17 b Fm(:)e(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)47
b Ft(80)275 4728 y(6.8)92 b(The)29 b(Directory)j(Stac)m(k)e
Fm(:)15 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)58 b Ft(81)399 4838 y(6.8.1)93
b(Directory)32 b(Stac)m(k)f(Builtins)14 b Fm(:)i(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)44 b Ft(81)275
4947 y(6.9)92 b(Con)m(trolling)31 b(the)g(Prompt)24 b
Fm(:)15 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)54 b Ft(82)275 5057 y(6.10)92 b(The)30
b(Restricted)h(Shell)23 b Fm(:)16 b(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)53
b Ft(84)275 5166 y(6.11)92 b(Bash)31 b(POSIX)e(Mo)s(de)9
b Fm(:)15 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)38 b Ft(84)p eop
end
%%Page: -3 5
TeXDict begin -3 4 bop 3674 -116 a Ft(iii)150 83 y Fr(7)135
b(Job)45 b(Con)l(trol)24 b Fn(:)c(:)g(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)69 b Fr(89)275 220 y
Ft(7.1)92 b(Job)30 b(Con)m(trol)h(Basics)17 b Fm(:)f(:)g(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)47 b Ft(89)275 330 y(7.2)92 b(Job)30 b(Con)m(trol)h
(Builtins)25 b Fm(:)15 b(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)55 b Ft(90)275
439 y(7.3)92 b(Job)30 b(Con)m(trol)h(V)-8 b(ariables)19
b Fm(:)e(:)e(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)49 b Ft(92)150 682 y Fr(8)135
b(Command)45 b(Line)g(Editing)27 b Fn(:)20 b(:)g(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)72
b Fr(93)275 819 y Ft(8.1)92 b(In)m(tro)s(duction)30 b(to)h(Line)f
(Editing)d Fm(:)15 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)h(:)f(:)56 b Ft(93)275 928 y(8.2)92 b(Readline)31
b(In)m(teraction)8 b Fm(:)17 b(:)e(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)38
b Ft(93)399 1038 y(8.2.1)93 b(Readline)31 b(Bare)g(Essen)m(tials)d
Fm(:)16 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)57
b Ft(94)399 1147 y(8.2.2)93 b(Readline)31 b(Mo)m(v)m(emen)m(t)i
(Commands)27 b Fm(:)15 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)57
b Ft(94)399 1257 y(8.2.3)93 b(Readline)31 b(Killing)g(Commands)19
b Fm(:)14 b(:)i(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)49
b Ft(95)399 1367 y(8.2.4)93 b(Readline)31 b(Argumen)m(ts)11
b Fm(:)16 b(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)41 b Ft(95)399 1476 y(8.2.5)93 b(Searc)m(hing)31
b(for)f(Commands)f(in)h(the)h(History)9 b Fm(:)16 b(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)38
b Ft(95)275 1586 y(8.3)92 b(Readline)31 b(Init)f(File)23
b Fm(:)16 b(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)52 b Ft(96)399
1695 y(8.3.1)93 b(Readline)31 b(Init)f(File)i(Syn)m(tax)15
b Fm(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)44
b Ft(96)399 1805 y(8.3.2)93 b(Conditional)31 b(Init)f(Constructs)25
b Fm(:)16 b(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)56
b Ft(102)399 1914 y(8.3.3)93 b(Sample)30 b(Init)g(File)12
b Fm(:)17 b(:)e(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)42 b Ft(103)275 2024 y(8.4)92
b(Bindable)30 b(Readline)h(Commands)11 b Fm(:)k(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)41 b Ft(106)399 2134 y(8.4.1)93
b(Commands)29 b(F)-8 b(or)31 b(Mo)m(ving)e Fm(:)16 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)58 b Ft(106)399
2243 y(8.4.2)93 b(Commands)29 b(F)-8 b(or)31 b(Manipulating)g(The)f
(History)17 b Fm(:)g(:)e(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
h(:)47 b Ft(107)399 2353 y(8.4.3)93 b(Commands)29 b(F)-8
b(or)31 b(Changing)f(T)-8 b(ext)21 b Fm(:)c(:)e(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)
51 b Ft(108)399 2462 y(8.4.4)93 b(Killing)31 b(And)e(Y)-8
b(anking)22 b Fm(:)17 b(:)e(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)52 b Ft(109)399 2572 y(8.4.5)93 b(Sp)s(ecifying)30
b(Numeric)g(Argumen)m(ts)17 b Fm(:)e(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)47
b Ft(110)399 2682 y(8.4.6)93 b(Letting)31 b(Readline)g(T)m(yp)s(e)f(F)
-8 b(or)31 b(Y)-8 b(ou)12 b Fm(:)k(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)42
b Ft(110)399 2791 y(8.4.7)93 b(Keyb)s(oard)29 b(Macros)21
b Fm(:)16 b(:)g(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)51 b Ft(112)399 2901 y(8.4.8)93 b(Some)30
b(Miscellaneous)j(Commands)24 b Fm(:)15 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)55
b Ft(112)275 3010 y(8.5)92 b(Readline)31 b(vi)f(Mo)s(de)20
b Fm(:)15 b(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)50 b Ft(114)275
3120 y(8.6)92 b(Programmable)30 b(Completion)16 b Fm(:)g(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)46
b Ft(115)275 3230 y(8.7)92 b(Programmable)30 b(Completion)h(Builtins)c
Fm(:)15 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)56 b Ft(117)150
3472 y Fr(9)135 b(Using)45 b(History)h(In)l(teractiv)l(ely)39
b Fn(:)19 b(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h
(:)80 b Fr(121)275 3609 y Ft(9.1)92 b(Bash)30 b(History)h(F)-8
b(acilities)21 b Fm(:)d(:)e(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)51 b Ft(121)275 3719
y(9.2)92 b(Bash)30 b(History)h(Builtins)19 b Fm(:)d(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)49
b Ft(121)275 3828 y(9.3)92 b(History)31 b(Expansion)21
b Fm(:)15 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)52 b Ft(123)399 3938
y(9.3.1)93 b(Ev)m(en)m(t)31 b(Designators)10 b Fm(:)18
b(:)d(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)h(:)40 b Ft(123)399 4047 y(9.3.2)93 b(W)-8 b(ord)31
b(Designators)17 b Fm(:)g(:)e(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)47 b Ft(124)399 4157
y(9.3.3)93 b(Mo)s(di\014ers)26 b Fm(:)16 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)57 b Ft(125)150 4399 y Fr(10)135 b(Installing)46
b(Bash)24 b Fn(:)c(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)68
b Fr(127)275 4536 y Ft(10.1)92 b(Basic)32 b(Installation)20
b Fm(:)d(:)e(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)50 b Ft(127)275 4646
y(10.2)92 b(Compilers)30 b(and)g(Options)8 b Fm(:)15
b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)h(:)38 b Ft(128)275 4755 y(10.3)92 b(Compiling)30
b(F)-8 b(or)32 b(Multiple)f(Arc)m(hitectures)21 b Fm(:)c(:)e(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)52 b Ft(128)275 4865 y(10.4)92 b(Installation)32 b(Names)13
b Fm(:)j(:)g(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)43 b Ft(128)275 4975 y(10.5)92
b(Sp)s(ecifying)30 b(the)g(System)h(T)m(yp)s(e)12 b Fm(:)j(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)42 b Ft(128)275
5084 y(10.6)92 b(Sharing)30 b(Defaults)15 b Fm(:)i(:)e(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)46 b Ft(129)275 5194 y(10.7)92 b(Op)s(eration)30
b(Con)m(trols)24 b Fm(:)16 b(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)
f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)54 b Ft(129)275
5303 y(10.8)92 b(Optional)31 b(F)-8 b(eatures)10 b Fm(:)17
b(:)e(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)40 b Ft(129)p eop end
%%Page: -4 6
TeXDict begin -4 5 bop 150 -116 a Ft(iv)2589 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 83 y Fr(App)t(endix)44 b(A)160
b(Rep)t(orting)46 b(Bugs)35 b Fn(:)20 b(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)80 b Fr(135)150 353 y(App)t(endix)44
b(B)166 b(Ma)7 b(jor)45 b(Di\013erences)i(F)-11 b(rom)44
b(The)419 486 y(Bourne)g(Shell)35 b Fn(:)19 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h
(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)78 b Fr(137)275 623 y Ft(B.1)92
b(Implemen)m(tation)31 b(Di\013erences)h(F)-8 b(rom)31
b(The)e(SVR4.2)j(Shell)13 b Fm(:)i(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)43
b Ft(141)150 865 y Fr(App)t(endix)h(C)165 b(GNU)45 b(F)-11
b(ree)45 b(Do)t(cumen)l(tation)h(License)439 998 y Fn(:)19
b(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h
(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)64 b Fr(143)150
1268 y(App)t(endix)44 b(D)159 b(Indexes)15 b Fn(:)20
b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)59 b Fr(151)275 1405
y Ft(D.1)92 b(Index)29 b(of)i(Shell)f(Builtin)h(Commands)16
b Fm(:)e(:)i(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)46 b Ft(151)275
1514 y(D.2)92 b(Index)29 b(of)i(Shell)f(Reserv)m(ed)h(W)-8
b(ords)12 b Fm(:)j(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)42
b Ft(152)275 1624 y(D.3)92 b(P)m(arameter)31 b(and)f(V)-8
b(ariable)32 b(Index)20 b Fm(:)14 b(:)i(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)h(:)f(:)50 b Ft(152)275 1733 y(D.4)92 b(F)-8 b(unction)31
b(Index)16 b Fm(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)47
b Ft(154)275 1843 y(D.5)92 b(Concept)30 b(Index)d Fm(:)15
b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)57 b Ft(156)p
eop end
%%Page: 1 7
TeXDict begin 1 6 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(1:)41
b(In)m(tro)s(duction)2592 b(1)150 299 y Fo(1)80 b(In)l(tro)t(duction)
150 602 y Fr(1.1)68 b(What)45 b(is)g(Bash?)150 762 y
Ft(Bash)38 b(is)g(the)g(shell,)i(or)d(command)h(language)h(in)m
(terpreter,)h(for)e(the)g Fl(gnu)f Ft(op)s(erating)h(system.)63
b(The)150 871 y(name)33 b(is)g(an)g(acron)m(ym)g(for)g(the)g(`)p
Fs(Bourne-Again)27 b(SHell)p Ft(',)32 b(a)i(pun)d(on)i(Stephen)f
(Bourne,)h(the)g(author)150 981 y(of)f(the)f(direct)h(ancestor)h(of)e
(the)h(curren)m(t)f(Unix)g(shell)h Fs(sh)p Ft(,)f(whic)m(h)g(app)s
(eared)g(in)g(the)h(Sev)m(en)m(th)g(Edition)150 1091
y(Bell)g(Labs)e(Researc)m(h)h(v)m(ersion)g(of)f(Unix.)275
1220 y(Bash)f(is)g(largely)i(compatible)f(with)f Fs(sh)g
Ft(and)g(incorp)s(orates)g(useful)g(features)g(from)g(the)g(Korn)g
(shell)150 1330 y Fs(ksh)37 b Ft(and)h(the)g(C)g(shell)g
Fs(csh)p Ft(.)64 b(It)38 b(is)g(in)m(tended)g(to)h(b)s(e)f(a)g
(conforman)m(t)h(implemen)m(tation)h(of)e(the)g Fl(ieee)150
1439 y(posix)c Ft(Shell)g(and)g(T)-8 b(o)s(ols)35 b(p)s(ortion)f(of)g
(the)h Fl(ieee)f(posix)f Ft(sp)s(eci\014cation)j(\()p
Fl(ieee)e Ft(Standard)f(1003.1\).)56 b(It)150 1549 y(o\013ers)31
b(functional)f(impro)m(v)m(emen)m(ts)i(o)m(v)m(er)g Fs(sh)d
Ft(for)i(b)s(oth)e(in)m(teractiv)m(e)k(and)d(programming)g(use.)275
1679 y(While)h(the)g Fl(gnu)f Ft(op)s(erating)h(system)g(pro)m(vides)f
(other)h(shells,)g(including)f(a)h(v)m(ersion)g(of)g
Fs(csh)p Ft(,)f(Bash)150 1788 y(is)j(the)h(default)f(shell.)49
b(Lik)m(e)34 b(other)g Fl(gnu)f Ft(soft)m(w)m(are,)i(Bash)f(is)f(quite)
h(p)s(ortable.)49 b(It)33 b(curren)m(tly)g(runs)f(on)150
1898 y(nearly)c(ev)m(ery)g(v)m(ersion)g(of)f(Unix)h(and)e(a)i(few)f
(other)h(op)s(erating)g(systems)f Fp(\000)g Ft(indep)s(enden)m
(tly-supp)s(orted)150 2008 y(p)s(orts)j(exist)h(for)f
Fl(ms-dos)p Ft(,)f Fl(os/2)p Ft(,)i(and)f(Windo)m(ws)g(platforms.)150
2231 y Fr(1.2)68 b(What)45 b(is)g(a)h(shell?)150 2390
y Ft(A)m(t)32 b(its)f(base,)h(a)f(shell)g(is)h(simply)e(a)h(macro)h
(pro)s(cessor)f(that)g(executes)i(commands.)42 b(The)30
b(term)h(macro)150 2500 y(pro)s(cessor)25 b(means)g(functionalit)m(y)i
(where)d(text)j(and)d(sym)m(b)s(ols)h(are)h(expanded)e(to)i(create)h
(larger)f(expres-)150 2609 y(sions.)275 2739 y(A)34 b(Unix)h(shell)g
(is)f(b)s(oth)g(a)h(command)g(in)m(terpreter)g(and)f(a)h(programming)f
(language.)55 b(As)35 b(a)g(com-)150 2848 y(mand)30 b(in)m(terpreter,)i
(the)g(shell)f(pro)m(vides)g(the)h(user)e(in)m(terface)j(to)f(the)f
(ric)m(h)h(set)g(of)f Fl(gnu)g Ft(utilities.)44 b(The)150
2958 y(programming)30 b(language)h(features)f(allo)m(w)h(these)g
(utilities)g(to)g(b)s(e)e(com)m(bined.)41 b(Files)31
b(con)m(taining)g(com-)150 3068 y(mands)e(can)i(b)s(e)e(created,)j(and)
d(b)s(ecome)i(commands)f(themselv)m(es.)42 b(These)30
b(new)f(commands)h(ha)m(v)m(e)i(the)150 3177 y(same)f(status)h(as)f
(system)g(commands)g(in)g(directories)h(suc)m(h)f(as)g(`)p
Fs(/bin)p Ft(',)g(allo)m(wing)i(users)d(or)h(groups)f(to)150
3287 y(establish)h(custom)f(en)m(vironmen)m(ts)h(to)g(automate)h(their)
f(common)f(tasks.)275 3417 y(Shells)j(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(used)g(in)m
(teractiv)m(ely)k(or)d(non-in)m(teractiv)m(ely)-8 b(.)54
b(In)33 b(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(mo)s(de,)f(they)e(accept)150
3526 y(input)21 b(t)m(yp)s(ed)h(from)g(the)h(k)m(eyb)s(oard.)37
b(When)22 b(executing)i(non-in)m(teractiv)m(ely)-8 b(,)27
b(shells)c(execute)g(commands)150 3636 y(read)30 b(from)g(a)h(\014le.)
275 3765 y(A)41 b(shell)g(allo)m(ws)h(execution)h(of)e
Fl(gnu)g Ft(commands,)i(b)s(oth)e(sync)m(hronously)f(and)h(async)m
(hronously)-8 b(.)150 3875 y(The)29 b(shell)g(w)m(aits)i(for)e(sync)m
(hronous)f(commands)h(to)h(complete)h(b)s(efore)e(accepting)i(more)e
(input;)g(asyn-)150 3985 y(c)m(hronous)22 b(commands)h(con)m(tin)m(ue)h
(to)f(execute)h(in)e(parallel)i(with)f(the)f(shell)h(while)g(it)g
(reads)g(and)f(executes)150 4094 y(additional)35 b(commands.)50
b(The)33 b Fq(redirection)h Ft(constructs)g(p)s(ermit)f(\014ne-grained)
g(con)m(trol)i(of)f(the)g(input)150 4204 y(and)40 b(output)f(of)i
(those)f(commands.)70 b(Moreo)m(v)m(er,)45 b(the)c(shell)f(allo)m(ws)h
(con)m(trol)h(o)m(v)m(er)g(the)e(con)m(ten)m(ts)i(of)150
4313 y(commands')30 b(en)m(vironmen)m(ts.)275 4443 y(Shells)k(also)i
(pro)m(vide)g(a)f(small)h(set)f(of)g(built-in)g(commands)g(\()p
Fq(builtins)t Ft(\))g(implemen)m(ting)h(function-)150
4553 y(alit)m(y)i(imp)s(ossible)e(or)g(incon)m(v)m(enien)m(t)j(to)e
(obtain)g(via)g(separate)g(utilities.)61 b(F)-8 b(or)37
b(example,)i Fs(cd)p Ft(,)e Fs(break)p Ft(,)150 4662
y Fs(continue)p Ft(,)43 b(and)f Fs(exec)p Ft(\))g(cannot)h(b)s(e)e
(implemen)m(ted)i(outside)g(of)f(the)h(shell)f(b)s(ecause)h(they)f
(directly)150 4772 y(manipulate)37 b(the)g(shell)f(itself.)61
b(The)36 b Fs(history)p Ft(,)g Fs(getopts)p Ft(,)g Fs(kill)p
Ft(,)h(or)g Fs(pwd)f Ft(builtins,)h(among)h(others,)150
4881 y(could)33 b(b)s(e)f(implemen)m(ted)h(in)g(separate)g(utilities,)i
(but)d(they)h(are)h(more)f(con)m(v)m(enien)m(t)h(to)g(use)e(as)h
(builtin)150 4991 y(commands.)40 b(All)31 b(of)g(the)f(shell)h
(builtins)f(are)h(describ)s(ed)e(in)h(subsequen)m(t)g(sections.)275
5121 y(While)39 b(executing)h(commands)e(is)g(essen)m(tial,)43
b(most)c(of)g(the)g(p)s(o)m(w)m(er)f(\(and)g(complexit)m(y\))j(of)e
(shells)150 5230 y(is)34 b(due)f(to)i(their)f(em)m(b)s(edded)f
(programming)h(languages.)52 b(Lik)m(e)35 b(an)m(y)f(high-lev)m(el)i
(language,)h(the)d(shell)150 5340 y(pro)m(vides)c(v)-5
b(ariables,)32 b(\015o)m(w)e(con)m(trol)i(constructs,)f(quoting,)g(and)
f(functions.)p eop end
%%Page: 2 8
TeXDict begin 2 7 bop 150 -116 a Ft(2)2617 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)275 299 y(Shells)21 b(o\013er)i(features)f
(geared)h(sp)s(eci\014cally)g(for)f(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(use)d(rather)g
(than)g(to)h(augmen)m(t)g(the)f(pro-)150 408 y(gramming)32
b(language.)48 b(These)32 b(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(features)d(include)g
(job)g(con)m(trol,)j(command)c(line)i(editing,)150 518
y(command)d(history)g(and)g(aliases.)42 b(Eac)m(h)31
b(of)g(these)g(features)f(is)h(describ)s(ed)e(in)h(this)g(man)m(ual.)p
eop end
%%Page: 3 9
TeXDict begin 3 8 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(2:)41
b(De\014nitions)2662 b(3)150 299 y Fo(2)80 b(De\014nitions)150
552 y Ft(These)30 b(de\014nitions)g(are)h(used)e(throughout)h(the)h
(remainder)f(of)g(this)h(man)m(ual.)150 720 y Fs(POSIX)240
b Ft(A)27 b(family)g(of)g(op)s(en)f(system)g(standards)g(based)g(on)h
(Unix.)39 b(Bash)27 b(is)g(primarily)f(concerned)630
830 y(with)k(the)h(Shell)f(and)g(Utilities)i(p)s(ortion)e(of)h(the)f
Fl(posix)g Ft(1003.1)j(standard.)150 995 y Fs(blank)240
b Ft(A)30 b(space)h(or)g(tab)f(c)m(haracter.)150 1161
y Fs(builtin)144 b Ft(A)35 b(command)g(that)g(is)g(implemen)m(ted)g(in)
m(ternally)h(b)m(y)f(the)g(shell)g(itself,)i(rather)d(than)h(b)m(y)630
1271 y(an)30 b(executable)i(program)e(somewhere)h(in)f(the)g(\014le)h
(system.)150 1436 y Fs(control)d(operator)630 1546 y
Ft(A)20 b Fs(token)f Ft(that)i(p)s(erforms)e(a)i(con)m(trol)g
(function.)37 b(It)21 b(is)f(a)h Fs(newline)d Ft(or)j(one)f(of)h(the)f
(follo)m(wing:)630 1655 y(`)p Fs(||)p Ft(',)31 b(`)p
Fs(&&)p Ft(',)f(`)p Fs(&)p Ft(',)h(`)p Fs(;)p Ft(',)g(`)p
Fs(;;)p Ft(',)f(`)p Fs(|)p Ft(',)h(`)p Fs(|&)p Ft(',)f(`)p
Fs(\()p Ft(',)h(or)g(`)p Fs(\))p Ft('.)150 1821 y Fs(exit)e(status)630
1931 y Ft(The)f(v)-5 b(alue)29 b(returned)e(b)m(y)h(a)h(command)f(to)h
(its)g(caller.)41 b(The)28 b(v)-5 b(alue)29 b(is)f(restricted)h(to)h
(eigh)m(t)630 2040 y(bits,)h(so)f(the)h(maxim)m(um)f(v)-5
b(alue)31 b(is)f(255.)150 2206 y Fs(field)240 b Ft(A)27
b(unit)g(of)g(text)h(that)g(is)f(the)g(result)g(of)g(one)h(of)f(the)g
(shell)g(expansions.)40 b(After)27 b(expansion,)630 2315
y(when)e(executing)h(a)g(command,)h(the)f(resulting)f(\014elds)g(are)h
(used)f(as)h(the)g(command)f(name)630 2425 y(and)30 b(argumen)m(ts.)150
2591 y Fs(filename)96 b Ft(A)30 b(string)h(of)f(c)m(haracters)i(used)e
(to)h(iden)m(tify)g(a)f(\014le.)150 2756 y Fs(job)336
b Ft(A)31 b(set)h(of)f(pro)s(cesses)g(comprising)g(a)g(pip)s(eline,)g
(and)g(an)m(y)g(pro)s(cesses)g(descended)g(from)f(it,)630
2866 y(that)h(are)g(all)g(in)f(the)h(same)f(pro)s(cess)g(group.)150
3031 y Fs(job)f(control)630 3141 y Ft(A)22 b(mec)m(hanism)g(b)m(y)f
(whic)m(h)h(users)f(can)h(selectiv)m(ely)i(stop)e(\(susp)s(end\))e(and)
h(restart)i(\(resume\))630 3251 y(execution)32 b(of)e(pro)s(cesses.)150
3416 y Fs(metacharacter)630 3526 y Ft(A)25 b(c)m(haracter)i(that,)g
(when)d(unquoted,)i(separates)g(w)m(ords.)38 b(A)26 b(metac)m(haracter)
i(is)d(a)g Fs(blank)630 3635 y Ft(or)30 b(one)h(of)g(the)f(follo)m
(wing)i(c)m(haracters:)42 b(`)p Fs(|)p Ft(',)31 b(`)p
Fs(&)p Ft(',)g(`)p Fs(;)p Ft(',)g(`)p Fs(\()p Ft(',)f(`)p
Fs(\))p Ft(',)h(`)p Fs(<)p Ft(',)g(or)f(`)p Fs(>)p Ft('.)150
3801 y Fs(name)288 b Ft(A)37 b Fs(word)f Ft(consisting)i(solely)h(of)e
(letters,)j(n)m(um)m(b)s(ers,)e(and)f(underscores,)h(and)f(b)s
(eginning)630 3910 y(with)23 b(a)g(letter)h(or)f(underscore.)38
b Fs(Name)p Ft(s)22 b(are)h(used)f(as)i(shell)f(v)-5
b(ariable)24 b(and)e(function)h(names.)630 4020 y(Also)31
b(referred)f(to)h(as)f(an)h Fs(identifier)p Ft(.)150
4186 y Fs(operator)96 b Ft(A)38 b Fs(control)28 b(operator)36
b Ft(or)h(a)i Fs(redirection)27 b(operator)p Ft(.)61
b(See)38 b(Section)g(3.6)h([Redirec-)630 4295 y(tions],)f(page)f(26,)i
(for)d(a)g(list)h(of)f(redirection)h(op)s(erators.)58
b(Op)s(erators)35 b(con)m(tain)j(at)f(least)630 4405
y(one)31 b(unquoted)e Fs(metacharacter)p Ft(.)150 4570
y Fs(process)f(group)630 4680 y Ft(A)i(collection)k(of)c(related)h(pro)
s(cesses)g(eac)m(h)g(ha)m(ving)g(the)g(same)f(pro)s(cess)g(group)g
Fl(id)p Ft(.)150 4846 y Fs(process)e(group)h(ID)630 4955
y Ft(A)h(unique)g(iden)m(ti\014er)h(that)f(represen)m(ts)h(a)g
Fs(process)d(group)h Ft(during)g(its)i(lifetime.)150
5121 y Fs(reserved)d(word)630 5230 y Ft(A)h Fs(word)e
Ft(that)i(has)f(a)h(sp)s(ecial)g(meaning)f(to)h(the)g(shell.)40
b(Most)30 b(reserv)m(ed)e(w)m(ords)g(in)m(tro)s(duce)630
5340 y(shell)j(\015o)m(w)f(con)m(trol)i(constructs,)f(suc)m(h)f(as)g
Fs(for)g Ft(and)g Fs(while)p Ft(.)p eop end
%%Page: 4 10
TeXDict begin 4 9 bop 150 -116 a Ft(4)2617 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fs(return)e(status)630
408 y Ft(A)h(synon)m(ym)g(for)g Fs(exit)g(status)p Ft(.)150
568 y Fs(signal)192 b Ft(A)40 b(mec)m(hanism)h(b)m(y)e(whic)m(h)h(a)h
(pro)s(cess)e(ma)m(y)i(b)s(e)e(noti\014ed)h(b)m(y)g(the)h(k)m(ernel)f
(of)g(an)g(ev)m(en)m(t)630 677 y(o)s(ccurring)30 b(in)g(the)h(system.)
150 837 y Fs(special)d(builtin)630 946 y Ft(A)j(shell)f(builtin)g
(command)h(that)g(has)f(b)s(een)g(classi\014ed)h(as)g(sp)s(ecial)g(b)m
(y)f(the)h Fl(posix)f Ft(stan-)630 1056 y(dard.)150 1215
y Fs(token)240 b Ft(A)38 b(sequence)h(of)f(c)m(haracters)h(considered)f
(a)h(single)g(unit)e(b)m(y)h(the)h(shell.)64 b(It)38
b(is)g(either)h(a)630 1325 y Fs(word)29 b Ft(or)i(an)f
Fs(operator)p Ft(.)150 1484 y Fs(word)288 b Ft(A)28 b(sequence)g(of)g
(c)m(haracters)h(treated)g(as)f(a)g(unit)f(b)m(y)h(the)g(shell.)40
b(W)-8 b(ords)28 b(ma)m(y)g(not)g(include)630 1594 y(unquoted)i
Fs(metacharacters)p Ft(.)p eop end
%%Page: 5 11
TeXDict begin 5 10 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2292 b(5)150 299
y Fo(3)80 b(Basic)54 b(Shell)e(F)-13 b(eatures)150 603
y Ft(Bash)21 b(is)g(an)f(acron)m(ym)i(for)e(`)p Fs(Bourne-Again)27
b(SHell)p Ft('.)37 b(The)20 b(Bourne)g(shell)h(is)g(the)g(traditional)h
(Unix)f(shell)150 712 y(originally)h(written)f(b)m(y)f(Stephen)g
(Bourne.)38 b(All)21 b(of)g(the)g(Bourne)f(shell)h(builtin)f(commands)g
(are)i(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)150 822 y(in)26 b(Bash,)h(The)f(rules)f(for)h
(ev)-5 b(aluation)28 b(and)d(quoting)h(are)h(tak)m(en)g(from)f(the)g
Fl(posix)f Ft(sp)s(eci\014cation)i(for)f(the)150 931
y(`standard')k(Unix)g(shell.)275 1089 y(This)h(c)m(hapter)i(brie\015y)e
(summarizes)h(the)h(shell's)f(`building)g(blo)s(c)m(ks':)45
b(commands,)32 b(con)m(trol)i(struc-)150 1199 y(tures,)k(shell)e
(functions,)h(shell)g Fk(p)-5 b(ar)g(ameters)p Ft(,)41
b(shell)36 b(expansions,)i Fk(r)-5 b(e)g(dir)g(e)g(ctions)p
Ft(,)40 b(whic)m(h)c(are)h(a)f(w)m(a)m(y)h(to)150 1308
y(direct)31 b(input)e(and)h(output)g(from)g(and)g(to)h(named)f
(\014les,)g(and)g(ho)m(w)g(the)h(shell)g(executes)g(commands.)150
1576 y Fr(3.1)68 b(Shell)45 b(Syn)l(tax)150 1735 y Ft(When)40
b(the)h(shell)g(reads)f(input,)i(it)f(pro)s(ceeds)f(through)g(a)h
(sequence)g(of)g(op)s(erations.)71 b(If)40 b(the)h(input)150
1845 y(indicates)31 b(the)f(b)s(eginning)f(of)h(a)g(commen)m(t,)h(the)f
(shell)g(ignores)g(the)g(commen)m(t)h(sym)m(b)s(ol)f(\(`)p
Fs(#)p Ft('\),)h(and)e(the)150 1954 y(rest)i(of)f(that)h(line.)275
2112 y(Otherwise,)h(roughly)f(sp)s(eaking,)i(the)f(shell)g(reads)g(its)
g(input)f(and)h(divides)f(the)i(input)e(in)m(to)h(w)m(ords)150
2222 y(and)23 b(op)s(erators,)j(emplo)m(ying)e(the)g(quoting)h(rules)e
(to)h(select)i(whic)m(h)d(meanings)h(to)h(assign)f(v)-5
b(arious)23 b(w)m(ords)150 2331 y(and)30 b(c)m(haracters.)275
2489 y(The)38 b(shell)h(then)f(parses)g(these)h(tok)m(ens)h(in)m(to)f
(commands)g(and)f(other)h(constructs,)i(remo)m(v)m(es)f(the)150
2598 y(sp)s(ecial)31 b(meaning)f(of)g(certain)h(w)m(ords)f(or)g(c)m
(haracters,)i(expands)d(others,)h(redirects)h(input)e(and)g(output)150
2708 y(as)d(needed,)g(executes)g(the)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)e(command,)j(w)m
(aits)f(for)f(the)g(command's)g(exit)i(status,)f(and)f(mak)m(es)150
2818 y(that)31 b(exit)g(status)g(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)33
b(for)d(further)f(insp)s(ection)h(or)h(pro)s(cessing.)150
3040 y Fj(3.1.1)63 b(Shell)41 b(Op)s(eration)150 3187
y Ft(The)c(follo)m(wing)h(is)f(a)h(brief)e(description)i(of)f(the)g
(shell's)h(op)s(eration)f(when)f(it)i(reads)f(and)f(executes)j(a)150
3297 y(command.)h(Basically)-8 b(,)34 b(the)c(shell)h(do)s(es)f(the)h
(follo)m(wing:)199 3454 y(1.)61 b(Reads)42 b(its)h(input)e(from)h(a)g
(\014le)h(\(see)g(Section)g(3.8)g([Shell)f(Scripts],)j(page)e(33\),)k
(from)41 b(a)i(string)330 3564 y(supplied)26 b(as)i(an)f(argumen)m(t)g
(to)h(the)g(`)p Fs(-c)p Ft(')f(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation)i(option)f(\(see)g
(Section)h(6.1)f([In)m(v)m(oking)g(Bash],)330 3673 y(page)j(71\),)h(or)
e(from)g(the)h(user's)f(terminal.)199 3820 y(2.)61 b(Breaks)43
b(the)g(input)f(in)m(to)h(w)m(ords)f(and)g(op)s(erators,)k(ob)s(eying)d
(the)g(quoting)g(rules)f(describ)s(ed)f(in)330 3929 y(Section)27
b(3.1.2)i([Quoting],)f(page)f(6.)40 b(These)26 b(tok)m(ens)i(are)f
(separated)g(b)m(y)f Fs(metacharacters)p Ft(.)36 b(Alias)330
4039 y(expansion)30 b(is)h(p)s(erformed)d(b)m(y)j(this)f(step)g(\(see)i
(Section)f(6.6)g([Aliases],)i(page)e(79\).)199 4185 y(3.)61
b(P)m(arses)35 b(the)g(tok)m(ens)g(in)m(to)h(simple)e(and)g(comp)s
(ound)f(commands)h(\(see)h(Section)h(3.2)f([Shell)g(Com-)330
4294 y(mands],)30 b(page)h(7\).)199 4441 y(4.)61 b(P)m(erforms)40
b(the)h(v)-5 b(arious)40 b(shell)h(expansions)f(\(see)h(Section)g(3.5)g
([Shell)g(Expansions],)h(page)f(17\),)330 4550 y(breaking)35
b(the)g(expanded)g(tok)m(ens)h(in)m(to)g(lists)f(of)g(\014lenames)h
(\(see)g(Section)f(3.5.8)i([Filename)g(Ex-)330 4660 y(pansion],)30
b(page)h(24\))h(and)e(commands)g(and)g(argumen)m(ts.)199
4806 y(5.)61 b(P)m(erforms)36 b(an)m(y)i(necessary)f(redirections)g
(\(see)h(Section)f(3.6)h([Redirections],)i(page)e(26\))g(and)e(re-)330
4915 y(mo)m(v)m(es)c(the)e(redirection)h(op)s(erators)g(and)f(their)g
(op)s(erands)f(from)h(the)h(argumen)m(t)f(list.)199 5062
y(6.)61 b(Executes)31 b(the)g(command)f(\(see)h(Section)g(3.7)h
([Executing)f(Commands],)f(page)h(29\).)199 5208 y(7.)61
b(Optionally)40 b(w)m(aits)g(for)f(the)g(command)g(to)h(complete)g(and)
f(collects)i(its)f(exit)g(status)f(\(see)h(Sec-)330 5317
y(tion)31 b(3.7.5)h([Exit)f(Status],)g(page)g(32\).)p
eop end
%%Page: 6 12
TeXDict begin 6 11 bop 150 -116 a Ft(6)2617 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fj(3.1.2)63 b(Quoting)150
446 y Ft(Quoting)32 b(is)h(used)e(to)i(remo)m(v)m(e)h(the)e(sp)s(ecial)
h(meaning)f(of)h(certain)g(c)m(haracters)g(or)f(w)m(ords)g(to)h(the)f
(shell.)150 555 y(Quoting)c(can)f(b)s(e)g(used)f(to)j(disable)e(sp)s
(ecial)h(treatmen)m(t)h(for)e(sp)s(ecial)h(c)m(haracters,)i(to)e(prev)m
(en)m(t)g(reserv)m(ed)150 665 y(w)m(ords)i(from)g(b)s(eing)g
(recognized)h(as)g(suc)m(h,)f(and)g(to)h(prev)m(en)m(t)g(parameter)g
(expansion.)275 793 y(Eac)m(h)22 b(of)g(the)g(shell)g(metac)m
(haracters)i(\(see)f(Chapter)e(2)i([De\014nitions],)h(page)f(3\))g(has)
e(sp)s(ecial)i(meaning)150 902 y(to)40 b(the)g(shell)f(and)g(m)m(ust)g
(b)s(e)g(quoted)g(if)h(it)g(is)f(to)h(represen)m(t)g(itself.)68
b(When)39 b(the)h(command)f(history)150 1012 y(expansion)i(facilities)j
(are)e(b)s(eing)f(used)g(\(see)h(Section)h(9.3)f([History)h(In)m
(teraction],)j(page)c(123\),)47 b(the)150 1122 y Fq(history)30
b(expansion)h Ft(c)m(haracter,)h(usually)f(`)p Fs(!)p
Ft(',)g(m)m(ust)f(b)s(e)g(quoted)h(to)g(prev)m(en)m(t)g(history)g
(expansion.)41 b(See)150 1231 y(Section)22 b(9.1)g([Bash)f(History)h(F)
-8 b(acilities],)26 b(page)c(121,)j(for)20 b(more)h(details)h
(concerning)g(history)f(expansion.)275 1359 y(There)36
b(are)i(three)f(quoting)g(mec)m(hanisms:)55 b(the)37
b Fq(escap)s(e)h(c)m(haracter)7 b Ft(,)40 b(single)d(quotes,)j(and)c
(double)150 1469 y(quotes.)150 1655 y Fj(3.1.2.1)63 b(Escap)s(e)41
b(Character)150 1802 y Ft(A)36 b(non-quoted)f(bac)m(kslash)h(`)p
Fs(\\)p Ft(')g(is)f(the)h(Bash)g(escap)s(e)f(c)m(haracter.)58
b(It)36 b(preserv)m(es)f(the)h(literal)h(v)-5 b(alue)36
b(of)150 1911 y(the)27 b(next)g(c)m(haracter)h(that)f(follo)m(ws,)i
(with)d(the)h(exception)g(of)g Fs(newline)p Ft(.)38 b(If)26
b(a)h Fs(\\newline)d Ft(pair)i(app)s(ears,)150 2021 y(and)k(the)h(bac)m
(kslash)g(itself)g(is)g(not)g(quoted,)g(the)f Fs(\\newline)f
Ft(is)h(treated)i(as)f(a)g(line)g(con)m(tin)m(uation)h(\(that)150
2131 y(is,)f(it)g(is)f(remo)m(v)m(ed)h(from)f(the)h(input)e(stream)i
(and)f(e\013ectiv)m(ely)j(ignored\).)150 2317 y Fj(3.1.2.2)63
b(Single)42 b(Quotes)150 2464 y Ft(Enclosing)24 b(c)m(haracters)h(in)e
(single)h(quotes)g(\(`)p Fs(')p Ft('\))g(preserv)m(es)g(the)f(literal)i
(v)-5 b(alue)24 b(of)g(eac)m(h)g(c)m(haracter)h(within)150
2573 y(the)31 b(quotes.)42 b(A)31 b(single)h(quote)f(ma)m(y)g(not)g(o)s
(ccur)g(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)g(single)h(quotes,)f(ev)m(en)h(when)d
(preceded)i(b)m(y)g(a)150 2683 y(bac)m(kslash.)150 2869
y Fj(3.1.2.3)63 b(Double)42 b(Quotes)150 3016 y Ft(Enclosing)24
b(c)m(haracters)h(in)f(double)f(quotes)h(\(`)p Fs(")p
Ft('\))g(preserv)m(es)g(the)g(literal)h(v)-5 b(alue)24
b(of)g(all)g(c)m(haracters)h(within)150 3125 y(the)34
b(quotes,)h(with)f(the)g(exception)h(of)f(`)p Fs($)p
Ft(',)h(`)p Fs(`)p Ft(',)g(`)p Fs(\\)p Ft(',)g(and,)f(when)f(history)g
(expansion)h(is)g(enabled,)h(`)p Fs(!)p Ft('.)150 3235
y(The)25 b(c)m(haracters)h(`)p Fs($)p Ft(')g(and)f(`)p
Fs(`)p Ft(')g(retain)h(their)f(sp)s(ecial)h(meaning)f(within)g(double)g
(quotes)h(\(see)g(Section)g(3.5)150 3345 y([Shell)j(Expansions],)g
(page)h(17\).)41 b(The)28 b(bac)m(kslash)i(retains)f(its)h(sp)s(ecial)f
(meaning)g(only)g(when)f(follo)m(w)m(ed)150 3454 y(b)m(y)41
b(one)f(of)h(the)g(follo)m(wing)h(c)m(haracters:)63 b(`)p
Fs($)p Ft(',)43 b(`)p Fs(`)p Ft(',)h(`)p Fs(")p Ft(',)g(`)p
Fs(\\)p Ft(',)f(or)e Fs(newline)p Ft(.)69 b(Within)41
b(double)f(quotes,)150 3564 y(bac)m(kslashes)25 b(that)h(are)f(follo)m
(w)m(ed)h(b)m(y)e(one)h(of)g(these)g(c)m(haracters)h(are)f(remo)m(v)m
(ed.)40 b(Bac)m(kslashes)26 b(preceding)150 3673 y(c)m(haracters)35
b(without)e(a)h(sp)s(ecial)f(meaning)h(are)f(left)h(unmo)s(di\014ed.)47
b(A)34 b(double)f(quote)g(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(quoted)150
3783 y(within)h(double)h(quotes)g(b)m(y)g(preceding)g(it)g(with)g(a)g
(bac)m(kslash.)55 b(If)35 b(enabled,)h(history)f(expansion)g(will)150
3892 y(b)s(e)f(p)s(erformed)g(unless)g(an)h(`)p Fs(!)p
Ft(')g(app)s(earing)f(in)h(double)f(quotes)i(is)f(escap)s(ed)g(using)f
(a)h(bac)m(kslash.)55 b(The)150 4002 y(bac)m(kslash)31
b(preceding)f(the)h(`)p Fs(!)p Ft(')f(is)h(not)g(remo)m(v)m(ed.)275
4130 y(The)41 b(sp)s(ecial)h(parameters)f(`)p Fs(*)p
Ft(')h(and)f(`)p Fs(@)p Ft(')h(ha)m(v)m(e)g(sp)s(ecial)g(meaning)g
(when)f(in)g(double)g(quotes)h(\(see)150 4240 y(Section)31
b(3.5.3)h([Shell)f(P)m(arameter)h(Expansion],)e(page)h(19\).)150
4426 y Fj(3.1.2.4)63 b(ANSI-C)40 b(Quoting)150 4573 y
Ft(W)-8 b(ords)41 b(of)h(the)f(form)g Fs($')p Fi(string)11
b Fs(')38 b Ft(are)k(treated)g(sp)s(ecially)-8 b(.)75
b(The)41 b(w)m(ord)g(expands)f(to)i Fq(string)8 b Ft(,)44
b(with)150 4682 y(bac)m(kslash-escap)s(ed)g(c)m(haracters)h(replaced)f
(as)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(b)m(y)g(the)g(ANSI)g(C)g(standard.)79
b(Bac)m(kslash)150 4792 y(escap)s(e)31 b(sequences,)g(if)f(presen)m(t,)
h(are)g(deco)s(ded)f(as)g(follo)m(ws:)150 4938 y Fs(\\a)384
b Ft(alert)31 b(\(b)s(ell\))150 5084 y Fs(\\b)384 b Ft(bac)m(kspace)150
5230 y Fs(\\e)150 5340 y(\\E)g Ft(an)30 b(escap)s(e)h(c)m(haracter)h
(\(not)f(ANSI)f(C\))p eop end
%%Page: 7 13
TeXDict begin 7 12 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2292 b(7)150 299
y Fs(\\f)384 b Ft(form)30 b(feed)150 475 y Fs(\\n)384
b Ft(newline)150 652 y Fs(\\r)g Ft(carriage)32 b(return)150
828 y Fs(\\t)384 b Ft(horizon)m(tal)32 b(tab)150 1005
y Fs(\\v)384 b Ft(v)m(ertical)32 b(tab)150 1181 y Fs(\\\\)384
b Ft(bac)m(kslash)150 1358 y Fs(\\')g Ft(single)31 b(quote)150
1534 y Fs(\\")384 b Ft(double)30 b(quote)150 1711 y Fs(\\)p
Fi(nnn)288 b Ft(the)31 b(eigh)m(t-bit)h(c)m(haracter)g(whose)e(v)-5
b(alue)31 b(is)f(the)h(o)s(ctal)g(v)-5 b(alue)31 b Fq(nnn)e
Ft(\(one)i(to)g(three)g(digits\))150 1887 y Fs(\\x)p
Fi(HH)288 b Ft(the)36 b(eigh)m(t-bit)i(c)m(haracter)f(whose)f(v)-5
b(alue)36 b(is)g(the)g(hexadecimal)h(v)-5 b(alue)36 b
Fq(HH)46 b Ft(\(one)37 b(or)f(t)m(w)m(o)630 1997 y(hex)30
b(digits\))150 2173 y Fs(\\c)p Fi(x)336 b Ft(a)31 b(con)m(trol-)p
Fq(x)38 b Ft(c)m(haracter)150 2358 y(The)30 b(expanded)f(result)i(is)f
(single-quoted,)i(as)f(if)f(the)g(dollar)h(sign)g(had)e(not)i(b)s(een)f
(presen)m(t.)150 2575 y Fj(3.1.2.5)63 b(Lo)s(cale-Sp)s(eci\014c)41
b(T)-10 b(ranslation)150 2722 y Ft(A)28 b(double-quoted)g(string)f
(preceded)h(b)m(y)f(a)h(dollar)h(sign)e(\(`)p Fs($)p
Ft('\))i(will)f(cause)g(the)g(string)g(to)g(b)s(e)f(translated)150
2831 y(according)f(to)f(the)g(curren)m(t)g(lo)s(cale.)41
b(If)24 b(the)h(curren)m(t)g(lo)s(cale)h(is)f Fs(C)g
Ft(or)g Fs(POSIX)p Ft(,)f(the)h(dollar)h(sign)f(is)g(ignored.)150
2941 y(If)30 b(the)g(string)h(is)f(translated)h(and)f(replaced,)h(the)g
(replacemen)m(t)h(is)e(double-quoted.)275 3093 y(Some)20
b(systems)h(use)f(the)h(message)h(catalog)h(selected)f(b)m(y)f(the)g
Fs(LC_MESSAGES)c Ft(shell)k(v)-5 b(ariable.)39 b(Others)150
3202 y(create)g(the)e(name)g(of)g(the)g(message)h(catalog)i(from)d(the)
g(v)-5 b(alue)37 b(of)g(the)h Fs(TEXTDOMAIN)c Ft(shell)j(v)-5
b(ariable,)150 3312 y(p)s(ossibly)31 b(adding)g(a)g(su\016x)g(of)h(`)p
Fs(.mo)p Ft('.)43 b(If)31 b(y)m(ou)h(use)f(the)h Fs(TEXTDOMAIN)c
Ft(v)-5 b(ariable,)33 b(y)m(ou)f(ma)m(y)g(need)f(to)h(set)150
3421 y(the)22 b Fs(TEXTDOMAINDIR)d Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)23
b(to)g(the)f(lo)s(cation)i(of)e(the)h(message)g(catalog)i(\014les.)38
b(Still)23 b(others)f(use)g(b)s(oth)150 3531 y(v)-5 b(ariables)31
b(in)f(this)g(fashion:)41 b Fs(TEXTDOMAINDIR)p Ft(/)p
Fs(LC_MESSAGES)p Ft(/LC)p 2528 3531 28 4 v 34 w(MESSA)m(GES/)p
Fs(TEXTDOMAIN)p Ft(.mo.)150 3747 y Fj(3.1.3)63 b(Commen)m(ts)150
3894 y Ft(In)21 b(a)i(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)h(shell,)g(or)e(an)g(in)m
(teractiv)m(e)j(shell)d(in)g(whic)m(h)g(the)g Fs(interactive_comments)
16 b Ft(option)150 4004 y(to)40 b(the)f Fs(shopt)e Ft(builtin)h(is)h
(enabled)g(\(see)h(Section)g(4.3.2)g([The)f(Shopt)f(Builtin],)k(page)e
(55\),)i(a)d(w)m(ord)150 4113 y(b)s(eginning)26 b(with)g(`)p
Fs(#)p Ft(')g(causes)h(that)f(w)m(ord)g(and)g(all)h(remaining)g(c)m
(haracters)g(on)f(that)h(line)g(to)g(b)s(e)f(ignored.)150
4223 y(An)43 b(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell)e(without)f(the)g
Fs(interactive_comments)38 b Ft(option)44 b(enabled)f(do)s(es)g(not)g
(allo)m(w)150 4333 y(commen)m(ts.)56 b(The)34 b Fs
(interactive_comments)c Ft(option)35 b(is)g(on)g(b)m(y)g(default)g(in)g
(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shells.)55 b(See)150 4442 y(Section)30
b(6.3)f([In)m(teractiv)m(e)j(Shells],)d(page)h(75,)g(for)e(a)i
(description)e(of)h(what)g(mak)m(es)h(a)f(shell)g(in)m(teractiv)m(e.)
150 4700 y Fr(3.2)68 b(Shell)45 b(Commands)150 4860 y
Ft(A)d(simple)g(shell)g(command)f(suc)m(h)h(as)g Fs(echo)29
b(a)h(b)g(c)41 b Ft(consists)i(of)f(the)f(command)h(itself)h(follo)m(w)
m(ed)g(b)m(y)150 4969 y(argumen)m(ts,)31 b(separated)g(b)m(y)f(spaces.)
275 5121 y(More)h(complex)h(shell)f(commands)g(are)g(comp)s(osed)g(of)g
(simple)g(commands)g(arranged)g(together)h(in)150 5230
y(a)f(v)-5 b(ariet)m(y)32 b(of)f(w)m(a)m(ys:)41 b(in)31
b(a)g(pip)s(eline)f(in)g(whic)m(h)g(the)h(output)f(of)h(one)f(command)h
(b)s(ecomes)f(the)h(input)f(of)150 5340 y(a)h(second,)f(in)h(a)f(lo)s
(op)h(or)f(conditional)i(construct,)f(or)f(in)g(some)h(other)g
(grouping.)p eop end
%%Page: 8 14
TeXDict begin 8 13 bop 150 -116 a Ft(8)2617 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fj(3.2.1)63 b(Simple)41
b(Commands)150 446 y Ft(A)29 b(simple)f(command)g(is)h(the)g(kind)e(of)
i(command)f(encoun)m(tered)h(most)g(often.)40 b(It's)29
b(just)f(a)h(sequence)g(of)150 555 y(w)m(ords)22 b(separated)i(b)m(y)e
Fs(blank)p Ft(s,)i(terminated)f(b)m(y)g(one)g(of)g(the)g(shell's)g(con)
m(trol)h(op)s(erators)f(\(see)h(Chapter)f(2)150 665 y([De\014nitions],)
37 b(page)e(3\).)54 b(The)35 b(\014rst)e(w)m(ord)i(generally)g(sp)s
(eci\014es)g(a)g(command)f(to)h(b)s(e)f(executed,)j(with)150
775 y(the)31 b(rest)f(of)h(the)f(w)m(ords)g(b)s(eing)g(that)h
(command's)f(argumen)m(ts.)275 912 y(The)h(return)h(status)g(\(see)i
(Section)f(3.7.5)h([Exit)f(Status],)h(page)f(32\))g(of)g(a)g(simple)f
(command)g(is)h(its)150 1022 y(exit)38 b(status)f(as)g(pro)m(vided)f(b)
m(y)h(the)g Fl(posix)f Ft(1003.1)j Fs(waitpid)c Ft(function,)j(or)f
(128)p Fs(+)p Fq(n)g Ft(if)g(the)g(command)150 1131 y(w)m(as)31
b(terminated)g(b)m(y)f(signal)h Fq(n)p Ft(.)150 1333
y Fj(3.2.2)63 b(Pip)s(elines)150 1480 y Ft(A)35 b Fs(pipeline)e
Ft(is)j(a)f(sequence)h(of)f(simple)g(commands)g(separated)h(b)m(y)f
(one)g(of)h(the)f(con)m(trol)i(op)s(erators)150 1590
y(`)p Fs(|)p Ft(')31 b(or)f(`)p Fs(|&)p Ft('.)275 1727
y(The)f(format)i(for)f(a)h(pip)s(eline)f(is)390 1865
y Fs([time)46 b([-p]])h([!])g Fi(command1)56 b Fs([)47
b([|)g(or)h(|&])e Fi(command2)56 b Fs(...])150 2002 y
Ft(The)25 b(output)f(of)i(eac)m(h)g(command)f(in)f(the)i(pip)s(eline)e
(is)i(connected)g(via)f(a)h(pip)s(e)e(to)i(the)f(input)f(of)h(the)h
(next)150 2112 y(command.)40 b(That)29 b(is,)h(eac)m(h)h(command)e
(reads)g(the)h(previous)f(command's)g(output.)40 b(This)29
b(connection)150 2221 y(is)h(p)s(erformed)f(b)s(efore)h(an)m(y)h
(redirections)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(b)m(y)g(the)g(command.)275
2359 y(If)j(`)p Fs(|&)p Ft(')h(is)h(used,)f(the)h(standard)e(error)h
(of)g Fq(command1)42 b Ft(is)34 b(connected)h(to)g Fq(command2)7
b Ft('s)35 b(standard)150 2468 y(input)25 b(through)g(the)h(pip)s(e;)h
(it)f(is)g(shorthand)f(for)g Fs(2>&1)k(|)p Ft(.)39 b(This)25
b(implicit)i(redirection)g(of)f(the)g(standard)150 2578
y(error)k(is)g(p)s(erformed)f(after)i(an)m(y)g(redirections)g(sp)s
(eci\014ed)e(b)m(y)i(the)f(command.)275 2715 y(The)36
b(reserv)m(ed)g(w)m(ord)g Fs(time)g Ft(causes)h(timing)g(statistics)h
(to)f(b)s(e)f(prin)m(ted)g(for)g(the)h(pip)s(eline)f(once)h(it)150
2825 y(\014nishes.)51 b(The)34 b(statistics)i(curren)m(tly)e(consist)h
(of)f(elapsed)h(\(w)m(all-clo)s(c)m(k\))i(time)e(and)f(user)f(and)h
(system)150 2935 y(time)i(consumed)f(b)m(y)g(the)h(command's)f
(execution.)57 b(The)35 b(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(')h(option)f(c)m(hanges)i(the)
f(output)f(format)150 3044 y(to)i(that)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(b)m(y)h
Fl(posix)p Ft(.)57 b(The)35 b Fs(TIMEFORMAT)e Ft(v)-5
b(ariable)37 b(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)e(set)h(to)h(a)f(format)g(string)g(that)
150 3154 y(sp)s(eci\014es)29 b(ho)m(w)g(the)g(timing)g(information)h
(should)d(b)s(e)i(displa)m(y)m(ed.)41 b(See)29 b(Section)h(5.2)g([Bash)
f(V)-8 b(ariables],)150 3263 y(page)29 b(61,)h(for)e(a)g(description)h
(of)f(the)g(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)31 b(formats.)40 b(The)28
b(use)g(of)g Fs(time)f Ft(as)i(a)f(reserv)m(ed)h(w)m(ord)f(p)s(er-)150
3373 y(mits)g(the)g(timing)g(of)g(shell)g(builtins,)g(shell)g
(functions,)g(and)f(pip)s(elines.)40 b(An)27 b(external)i
Fs(time)d Ft(command)150 3483 y(cannot)31 b(time)g(these)g(easily)-8
b(.)275 3620 y(If)24 b(the)h(pip)s(eline)g(is)g(not)g(executed)h(async)
m(hronously)f(\(see)h(Section)g(3.2.3)h([Lists],)g(page)e(8\),)i(the)f
(shell)150 3730 y(w)m(aits)31 b(for)f(all)i(commands)e(in)g(the)g(pip)s
(eline)g(to)h(complete.)275 3867 y(Eac)m(h)25 b(command)g(in)g(a)g(pip)
s(eline)g(is)g(executed)h(in)f(its)g(o)m(wn)h(subshell)e(\(see)i
(Section)g(3.7.3)h([Command)150 3977 y(Execution)36 b(En)m(vironmen)m
(t],)i(page)e(30\).)58 b(The)36 b(exit)g(status)g(of)g(a)g(pip)s(eline)
g(is)f(the)h(exit)h(status)f(of)g(the)150 4086 y(last)27
b(command)f(in)f(the)i(pip)s(eline,)f(unless)g(the)g
Fs(pipefail)e Ft(option)i(is)g(enabled)g(\(see)h(Section)g(4.3.1)h
([The)150 4196 y(Set)34 b(Builtin],)j(page)e(51\).)53
b(If)34 b Fs(pipefail)e Ft(is)i(enabled,)h(the)g(pip)s(eline's)f
(return)f(status)h(is)h(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)35 b(of)150
4305 y(the)d(last)h(\(righ)m(tmost\))h(command)e(to)h(exit)g(with)e(a)i
(non-zero)f(status,)h(or)f(zero)h(if)f(all)h(commands)f(exit)150
4415 y(successfully)-8 b(.)67 b(If)38 b(the)h(reserv)m(ed)g(w)m(ord)g
(`)p Fs(!)p Ft(')g(precedes)g(the)g(pip)s(eline,)h(the)g(exit)f(status)
g(is)g(the)g(logical)150 4525 y(negation)h(of)f(the)f(exit)i(status)f
(as)f(describ)s(ed)g(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e.)66 b(The)38 b(shell)h(w)m(aits)h
(for)e(all)h(commands)g(in)f(the)150 4634 y(pip)s(eline)30
b(to)h(terminate)g(b)s(efore)f(returning)g(a)h(v)-5 b(alue.)150
4836 y Fj(3.2.3)63 b(Lists)41 b(of)h(Commands)150 4983
y Ft(A)37 b Fs(list)e Ft(is)i(a)g(sequence)g(of)g(one)g(or)f(more)h
(pip)s(elines)f(separated)h(b)m(y)g(one)g(of)f(the)h(op)s(erators)g(`)p
Fs(;)p Ft(',)i(`)p Fs(&)p Ft(',)150 5093 y(`)p Fs(&&)p
Ft(',)31 b(or)f(`)p Fs(||)p Ft(',)g(and)g(optionally)i(terminated)f(b)m
(y)f(one)h(of)f(`)p Fs(;)p Ft(',)h(`)p Fs(&)p Ft(',)g(or)f(a)h
Fs(newline)p Ft(.)275 5230 y(Of)23 b(these)h(list)g(op)s(erators,)i(`)p
Fs(&&)p Ft(')d(and)g(`)p Fs(||)p Ft(')h(ha)m(v)m(e)h(equal)f
(precedence,)i(follo)m(w)m(ed)f(b)m(y)f(`)p Fs(;)p Ft(')g(and)f(`)p
Fs(&)p Ft(',)i(whic)m(h)150 5340 y(ha)m(v)m(e)32 b(equal)e(precedence.)
p eop end
%%Page: 9 15
TeXDict begin 9 14 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2292 b(9)275 299
y(A)29 b(sequence)h(of)g(one)g(or)g(more)g(newlines)f(ma)m(y)h(app)s
(ear)f(in)h(a)g Fs(list)e Ft(to)j(delimit)f(commands,)g(equiv-)150
408 y(alen)m(t)i(to)f(a)g(semicolon.)275 551 y(If)c(a)h(command)f(is)h
(terminated)g(b)m(y)g(the)g(con)m(trol)h(op)s(erator)f(`)p
Fs(&)p Ft(',)h(the)e(shell)h(executes)h(the)f(command)150
661 y(async)m(hronously)g(in)g(a)h(subshell.)39 b(This)28
b(is)g(kno)m(wn)g(as)h(executing)h(the)e(command)h(in)f(the)g
Fq(bac)m(kground)t Ft(.)150 770 y(The)g(shell)h(do)s(es)f(not)h(w)m
(ait)g(for)f(the)h(command)f(to)i(\014nish,)d(and)h(the)h(return)e
(status)i(is)g(0)g(\(true\).)40 b(When)150 880 y(job)g(con)m(trol)h(is)
g(not)f(activ)m(e)i(\(see)f(Chapter)f(7)h([Job)f(Con)m(trol],)j(page)e
(89\),)j(the)d(standard)e(input)g(for)150 990 y(async)m(hronous)k
(commands,)k(in)d(the)f(absence)i(of)f(an)m(y)g(explicit)h
(redirections,)j(is)43 b(redirected)h(from)150 1099 y
Fs(/dev/null)p Ft(.)275 1242 y(Commands)19 b(separated)j(b)m(y)f(a)g(`)
p Fs(;)p Ft(')g(are)h(executed)g(sequen)m(tially;)k(the)21
b(shell)g(w)m(aits)h(for)f(eac)m(h)h(command)150 1352
y(to)31 b(terminate)h(in)e(turn.)39 b(The)30 b(return)f(status)i(is)f
(the)h(exit)g(status)g(of)g(the)f(last)h(command)f(executed.)275
1494 y Fl(and)g Ft(and)h Fl(or)g Ft(lists)h(are)g(sequences)f(of)h(one)
g(or)f(more)h(pip)s(elines)e(separated)i(b)m(y)g(the)f(con)m(trol)i(op)
s(er-)150 1604 y(ators)e(`)p Fs(&&)p Ft(')f(and)g(`)p
Fs(||)p Ft(',)h(resp)s(ectiv)m(ely)-8 b(.)42 b Fl(and)30
b Ft(and)f Fl(or)h Ft(lists)h(are)g(executed)g(with)f(left)h(asso)s
(ciativit)m(y)-8 b(.)275 1747 y(An)30 b Fl(and)f Ft(list)i(has)f(the)h
(form)390 1890 y Fi(command1)56 b Fs(&&)47 b Fi(command2)150
2032 y Fq(command2)38 b Ft(is)30 b(executed)i(if,)e(and)g(only)g(if,)h
Fq(command1)38 b Ft(returns)29 b(an)h(exit)h(status)g(of)g(zero.)275
2175 y(An)f Fl(or)f Ft(list)i(has)f(the)h(form)390 2318
y Fi(command1)56 b Fs(||)47 b Fi(command2)150 2461 y
Fq(command2)38 b Ft(is)30 b(executed)i(if,)e(and)g(only)g(if,)h
Fq(command1)38 b Ft(returns)29 b(a)i(non-zero)g(exit)g(status.)275
2604 y(The)h(return)g(status)i(of)f Fl(and)f Ft(and)h
Fl(or)f Ft(lists)i(is)f(the)g(exit)h(status)g(of)f(the)g(last)h
(command)f(executed)150 2713 y(in)d(the)h(list.)150 2921
y Fj(3.2.4)63 b(Comp)s(ound)42 b(Commands)150 3068 y
Ft(Comp)s(ound)32 b(commands)j(are)g(the)g(shell)g(programming)f
(constructs.)54 b(Eac)m(h)35 b(construct)g(b)s(egins)f(with)150
3177 y(a)k(reserv)m(ed)f(w)m(ord)h(or)f(con)m(trol)i(op)s(erator)f(and)
f(is)g(terminated)h(b)m(y)f(a)h(corresp)s(onding)f(reserv)m(ed)g(w)m
(ord)150 3287 y(or)44 b(op)s(erator.)81 b(An)m(y)44 b(redirections)g
(\(see)h(Section)g(3.6)g([Redirections],)j(page)d(26\))g(asso)s(ciated)
g(with)150 3396 y(a)g(comp)s(ound)e(command)i(apply)f(to)h(all)h
(commands)e(within)g(that)h(comp)s(ound)e(command)i(unless)150
3506 y(explicitly)32 b(o)m(v)m(erridden.)275 3649 y(Bash)45
b(pro)m(vides)h(lo)s(oping)g(constructs,)j(conditional)e(commands,)j
(and)44 b(mec)m(hanisms)i(to)g(group)150 3758 y(commands)30
b(and)g(execute)i(them)e(as)g(a)h(unit.)150 3966 y Fj(3.2.4.1)63
b(Lo)s(oping)43 b(Constructs)150 4113 y Ft(Bash)31 b(supp)s(orts)d(the)
j(follo)m(wing)g(lo)s(oping)g(constructs.)275 4256 y(Note)k(that)f
(wherev)m(er)g(a)g(`)p Fs(;)p Ft(')g(app)s(ears)f(in)h(the)g
(description)g(of)g(a)g(command's)g(syn)m(tax,)i(it)e(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)
150 4365 y(replaced)c(with)f(one)h(or)f(more)g(newlines.)150
4537 y Fs(until)240 b Ft(The)30 b(syn)m(tax)h(of)f(the)h
Fs(until)e Ft(command)h(is:)870 4676 y Fs(until)46 b
Fi(test-commands)11 b Fs(;)44 b(do)j Fi(consequent-commands)11
b Fs(;)42 b(done)630 4814 y Ft(Execute)g Fq(consequen)m(t-commands)k
Ft(as)41 b(long)h(as)f Fq(test-commands)46 b Ft(has)41
b(an)g(exit)h(status)630 4924 y(whic)m(h)c(is)h(not)g(zero.)67
b(The)38 b(return)g(status)h(is)f(the)h(exit)h(status)f(of)g(the)g
(last)g(command)630 5034 y(executed)31 b(in)f Fq(consequen)m
(t-commands)t Ft(,)h(or)g(zero)g(if)f(none)h(w)m(as)f(executed.)150
5201 y Fs(while)240 b Ft(The)30 b(syn)m(tax)h(of)f(the)h
Fs(while)e Ft(command)h(is:)870 5340 y Fs(while)46 b
Fi(test-commands)11 b Fs(;)44 b(do)j Fi(consequent-commands)11
b Fs(;)42 b(done)p eop end
%%Page: 10 16
TeXDict begin 10 15 bop 150 -116 a Ft(10)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)630 299 y(Execute)42 b Fq(consequen)m
(t-commands)k Ft(as)41 b(long)h(as)f Fq(test-commands)46
b Ft(has)41 b(an)g(exit)h(status)630 408 y(of)34 b(zero.)53
b(The)34 b(return)f(status)h(is)h(the)f(exit)h(status)g(of)f(the)g
(last)h(command)f(executed)h(in)630 518 y Fq(consequen)m(t-commands)t
Ft(,)c(or)g(zero)g(if)f(none)g(w)m(as)h(executed.)150
668 y Fs(for)336 b Ft(The)30 b(syn)m(tax)h(of)f(the)h
Fs(for)e Ft(command)i(is:)870 797 y Fs(for)47 b Fi(name)57
b Fs([)48 b([in)e([)p Fi(words)57 b Fs(...)o(])48 b(])f(;)h(])f(do)g
Fi(commands)11 b Fs(;)45 b(done)630 927 y Ft(Expand)31
b Fq(w)m(ords)t Ft(,)i(and)e(execute)j Fq(commands)i
Ft(once)d(for)f(eac)m(h)i(mem)m(b)s(er)e(in)g(the)g(resultan)m(t)630
1037 y(list,)d(with)f Fq(name)33 b Ft(b)s(ound)26 b(to)j(the)f(curren)m
(t)g(mem)m(b)s(er.)40 b(If)27 b(`)p Fs(in)j Fi(words)11
b Ft(')27 b(is)h(not)g(presen)m(t,)h(the)630 1146 y Fs(for)g
Ft(command)g(executes)i(the)e Fq(commands)k Ft(once)d(for)f(eac)m(h)i
(p)s(ositional)f(parameter)g(that)630 1256 y(is)d(set,)h(as)f(if)g(`)p
Fs(in)j("$@")p Ft(')c(had)g(b)s(een)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(\(see)i(Section)
f(3.4.2)i([Sp)s(ecial)e(P)m(arameters],)630 1365 y(page)c(16\).)39
b(The)21 b(return)g(status)h(is)g(the)g(exit)h(status)f(of)g(the)g
(last)g(command)g(that)g(executes.)630 1475 y(If)37 b(there)h(are)g(no)
g(items)g(in)g(the)g(expansion)g(of)f Fq(w)m(ords)t Ft(,)j(no)d
(commands)h(are)g(executed,)630 1585 y(and)30 b(the)g(return)g(status)g
(is)h(zero.)630 1714 y(An)f(alternate)i(form)e(of)h(the)f
Fs(for)g Ft(command)g(is)g(also)h(supp)s(orted:)870 1844
y Fs(for)47 b(\(\()g Fi(expr1)57 b Fs(;)47 b Fi(expr2)57
b Fs(;)48 b Fi(expr3)57 b Fs(\)\))47 b(;)g(do)g Fi(commands)57
b Fs(;)47 b(done)630 1974 y Ft(First,)38 b(the)f(arithmetic)h
(expression)e Fq(expr1)43 b Ft(is)36 b(ev)-5 b(aluated)38
b(according)f(to)g(the)g(rules)f(de-)630 2083 y(scrib)s(ed)41
b(b)s(elo)m(w)h(\(see)h(Section)g(6.5)g([Shell)g(Arithmetic],)j(page)d
(78\).)77 b(The)42 b(arithmetic)630 2193 y(expression)33
b Fq(expr2)41 b Ft(is)34 b(then)f(ev)-5 b(aluated)35
b(rep)s(eatedly)f(un)m(til)g(it)g(ev)-5 b(aluates)35
b(to)g(zero.)51 b(Eac)m(h)630 2302 y(time)23 b Fq(expr2)30
b Ft(ev)-5 b(aluates)25 b(to)e(a)g(non-zero)h(v)-5 b(alue,)25
b Fq(commands)h Ft(are)d(executed)g(and)g(the)g(arith-)630
2412 y(metic)29 b(expression)f Fq(expr3)36 b Ft(is)28
b(ev)-5 b(aluated.)41 b(If)28 b(an)m(y)h(expression)f(is)g(omitted,)i
(it)f(b)s(eha)m(v)m(es)g(as)630 2522 y(if)i(it)h(ev)-5
b(aluates)32 b(to)g(1.)44 b(The)30 b(return)g(v)-5 b(alue)32
b(is)f(the)g(exit)h(status)g(of)f(the)g(last)h(command)f(in)630
2631 y Fq(list)i Ft(that)e(is)f(executed,)i(or)e(false)h(if)g(an)m(y)f
(of)h(the)f(expressions)g(is)h(in)m(v)-5 b(alid.)275
2781 y(The)26 b Fs(break)g Ft(and)h Fs(continue)e Ft(builtins)i(\(see)h
(Section)h(4.1)f([Bourne)g(Shell)f(Builtins],)i(page)f(35\))g(ma)m(y)
150 2890 y(b)s(e)i(used)f(to)i(con)m(trol)h(lo)s(op)f(execution.)150
3080 y Fj(3.2.4.2)63 b(Conditional)42 b(Constructs)150
3247 y Fs(if)384 b Ft(The)30 b(syn)m(tax)h(of)f(the)h
Fs(if)f Ft(command)g(is:)870 3377 y Fs(if)47 b Fi(test-commands)11
b Fs(;)44 b(then)965 3486 y Fi(consequent-commands)11
b Fs(;)870 3596 y([elif)46 b Fi(more-test-commands)11
b Fs(;)42 b(then)965 3705 y Fi(more-consequents)11 b
Fs(;])870 3815 y([else)46 b Fi(alternate-consequents)11
b Fs(;])870 3925 y(fi)630 4054 y Ft(The)53 b Fq(test-commands)58
b Ft(list)c(is)g(executed,)60 b(and)53 b(if)g(its)h(return)e(status)i
(is)f(zero,)61 b(the)630 4164 y Fq(consequen)m(t-commands)44
b Ft(list)d(is)f(executed.)70 b(If)40 b Fq(test-commands)k
Ft(returns)39 b(a)h(non-zero)630 4273 y(status,)45 b(eac)m(h)e
Fs(elif)d Ft(list)i(is)g(executed)h(in)e(turn,)j(and)d(if)g(its)h(exit)
h(status)f(is)f(zero,)46 b(the)630 4383 y(corresp)s(onding)37
b Fq(more-consequen)m(ts)42 b Ft(is)c(executed)g(and)f(the)h(command)g
(completes.)63 b(If)630 4493 y(`)p Fs(else)29 b Fi
(alternate-consequents)11 b Ft(')23 b(is)30 b(presen)m(t,)f(and)g(the)g
(\014nal)g(command)f(in)h(the)g(\014nal)630 4602 y Fs(if)44
b Ft(or)g Fs(elif)f Ft(clause)i(has)f(a)h(non-zero)g(exit)g(status,)j
(then)c Fq(alternate-consequen)m(ts)51 b Ft(is)630 4712
y(executed.)k(The)34 b(return)g(status)h(is)f(the)h(exit)h(status)f(of)
g(the)g(last)g(command)g(executed,)630 4821 y(or)30 b(zero)i(if)e(no)g
(condition)h(tested)g(true.)150 4971 y Fs(case)288 b
Ft(The)30 b(syn)m(tax)h(of)f(the)h Fs(case)e Ft(command)h(is:)870
5101 y Fs(case)47 b Fi(word)57 b Fs(in)47 b([)g([\(])g
Fi(pattern)57 b Fs([|)47 b Fi(pattern)11 b Fs(]...)l(\))48
b Fi(command-list)55 b Fs(;;]...)46 b(esac)630 5230 y(case)20
b Ft(will)i(selectiv)m(ely)j(execute)e(the)e Fq(command-list)k
Ft(corresp)s(onding)20 b(to)i(the)g(\014rst)f Fq(pattern)630
5340 y Ft(that)42 b(matc)m(hes)g Fq(w)m(ord)t Ft(.)71
b(If)41 b(the)g(shell)g(option)g Fs(nocasematch)d Ft(\(see)k(the)f
(description)g(of)p eop end
%%Page: 11 17
TeXDict begin 11 16 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(11)630 299
y Fs(shopt)34 b Ft(in)h(Section)h(4.3.2)h([The)e(Shopt)f(Builtin],)k
(page)e(55\))g(is)g(enabled,)g(the)g(matc)m(h)g(is)630
408 y(p)s(erformed)29 b(without)i(regard)g(to)g(the)g(case)h(of)f
(alphab)s(etic)g(c)m(haracters.)44 b(The)30 b(`)p Fs(|)p
Ft(')h(is)g(used)630 518 y(to)e(separate)g(m)m(ultiple)g(patterns,)g
(and)e(the)i(`)p Fs(\))p Ft(')f(op)s(erator)g(terminates)h(a)g(pattern)
f(list.)41 b(A)630 628 y(list)31 b(of)g(patterns)f(and)g(an)g(asso)s
(ciated)i(command-list)f(is)f(kno)m(wn)g(as)h(a)g Fq(clause)5
b Ft(.)630 754 y(Eac)m(h)42 b(clause)g(m)m(ust)f(b)s(e)g(terminated)h
(with)e(`)p Fs(;;)p Ft(',)45 b(`)p Fs(;&)p Ft(',)f(or)d(`)p
Fs(;;&)p Ft('.)73 b(The)41 b Fq(w)m(ord)j Ft(under-)630
864 y(go)s(es)35 b(tilde)f(expansion,)h(parameter)g(expansion,)g
(command)f(substitution,)h(arithmetic)630 973 y(expansion,)47
b(and)d(quote)g(remo)m(v)-5 b(al)45 b(b)s(efore)f(matc)m(hing)h(is)f
(attempted.)82 b(Eac)m(h)45 b Fq(pattern)630 1083 y Ft(undergo)s(es)38
b(tilde)h(expansion,)i(parameter)e(expansion,)i(command)d
(substitution,)j(and)630 1192 y(arithmetic)32 b(expansion.)630
1319 y(There)e(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(an)h(arbitrary)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)h
Fs(case)f Ft(clauses,)i(eac)m(h)g(terminated)g(b)m(y)e(a)i(`)p
Fs(;;)p Ft(',)630 1428 y(`)p Fs(;&)p Ft(',)c(or)e(`)p
Fs(;;&)p Ft('.)39 b(The)25 b(\014rst)g(pattern)h(that)g(matc)m(hes)h
(determines)e(the)h(command-list)g(that)630 1538 y(is)k(executed.)630
1665 y(Here)35 b(is)g(an)g(example)h(using)e Fs(case)g
Ft(in)g(a)h(script)g(that)h(could)f(b)s(e)f(used)g(to)h(describ)s(e)g
(one)630 1774 y(in)m(teresting)d(feature)f(of)f(an)g(animal:)870
1901 y Fs(echo)47 b(-n)g("Enter)f(the)h(name)f(of)i(an)f(animal:)f(")
870 2010 y(read)h(ANIMAL)870 2120 y(echo)g(-n)g("The)f($ANIMAL)g(has)h
(")870 2229 y(case)g($ANIMAL)e(in)965 2339 y(horse)i(|)g(dog)g(|)h
(cat\))e(echo)h(-n)g("four";;)965 2449 y(man)g(|)h(kangaroo)d(\))j
(echo)e(-n)i("two";;)965 2558 y(*\))g(echo)e(-n)h("an)g(unknown)f
(number)g(of";;)870 2668 y(esac)870 2777 y(echo)h(")g(legs.")630
2921 y Ft(If)25 b(the)h(`)p Fs(;;)p Ft(')g(op)s(erator)g(is)g(used,)g
(no)g(subsequen)m(t)f(matc)m(hes)i(are)f(attempted)h(after)g(the)f
(\014rst)630 3030 y(pattern)g(matc)m(h.)40 b(Using)26
b(`)p Fs(;&)p Ft(')f(in)h(place)g(of)g(`)p Fs(;;)p Ft(')g(causes)g
(execution)h(to)f(con)m(tin)m(ue)h(with)f(the)630 3140
y Fq(command-list)39 b Ft(asso)s(ciated)f(with)e(the)g(next)g(clause,)j
(if)d(an)m(y)-8 b(.)59 b(Using)37 b(`)p Fs(;;&)p Ft(')f(in)g(place)h
(of)630 3249 y(`)p Fs(;;)p Ft(')30 b(causes)g(the)g(shell)g(to)g(test)h
(the)f(patterns)g(in)f(the)h(next)g(clause,)h(if)e(an)m(y)-8
b(,)31 b(and)f(execute)630 3359 y(an)m(y)h(asso)s(ciated)h
Fq(command-list)h Ft(on)d(a)h(successful)f(matc)m(h.)630
3485 y(The)c(return)f(status)h(is)g(zero)h(if)f(no)g
Fq(pattern)g Ft(is)g(matc)m(hed.)40 b(Otherwise,)27 b(the)g(return)e
(status)630 3595 y(is)30 b(the)h(exit)g(status)g(of)f(the)h
Fq(command-list)i Ft(executed.)150 3738 y Fs(select)630
3865 y Ft(The)g Fs(select)f Ft(construct)i(allo)m(ws)h(the)f(easy)g
(generation)h(of)e(men)m(us.)50 b(It)34 b(has)f(almost)i(the)630
3974 y(same)c(syn)m(tax)g(as)f(the)h Fs(for)e Ft(command:)870
4101 y Fs(select)46 b Fi(name)57 b Fs([in)47 b Fi(words)57
b Fs(...)o(];)47 b(do)h Fi(commands)11 b Fs(;)44 b(done)630
4227 y Ft(The)d(list)i(of)e(w)m(ords)h(follo)m(wing)h
Fs(in)e Ft(is)h(expanded,)i(generating)f(a)f(list)g(of)g(items.)75
b(The)630 4337 y(set)41 b(of)f(expanded)f(w)m(ords)g(is)i(prin)m(ted)e
(on)h(the)g(standard)f(error)h(output)g(stream,)j(eac)m(h)630
4446 y(preceded)30 b(b)m(y)g(a)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er.)40
b(If)29 b(the)i(`)p Fs(in)f Fi(words)11 b Ft(')29 b(is)h(omitted,)i
(the)e(p)s(ositional)i(parameters)630 4556 y(are)22 b(prin)m(ted,)h(as)
f(if)f(`)p Fs(in)30 b("$@")p Ft(')21 b(had)g(b)s(een)f(sp)s(eci\014ed.)
37 b(The)21 b Fs(PS3)g Ft(prompt)g(is)g(then)g(displa)m(y)m(ed)630
4666 y(and)38 b(a)h(line)g(is)f(read)h(from)f(the)h(standard)e(input.)
65 b(If)38 b(the)h(line)g(consists)g(of)f(a)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)630
4775 y(corresp)s(onding)33 b(to)i(one)f(of)g(the)g(displa)m(y)m(ed)h(w)
m(ords,)f(then)g(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)34 b(of)h Fq(name)k
Ft(is)34 b(set)g(to)630 4885 y(that)g(w)m(ord.)49 b(If)32
b(the)i(line)f(is)h(empt)m(y)-8 b(,)35 b(the)e(w)m(ords)g(and)f(prompt)
h(are)g(displa)m(y)m(ed)h(again.)50 b(If)630 4994 y Fs(EOF)23
b Ft(is)g(read,)j(the)d Fs(select)f Ft(command)i(completes.)40
b(An)m(y)23 b(other)h(v)-5 b(alue)24 b(read)g(causes)g
Fq(name)630 5104 y Ft(to)31 b(b)s(e)f(set)h(to)g(n)m(ull.)41
b(The)29 b(line)i(read)f(is)h(sa)m(v)m(ed)g(in)f(the)h(v)-5
b(ariable)31 b Fs(REPLY)p Ft(.)630 5230 y(The)42 b Fq(commands)j
Ft(are)d(executed)h(after)g(eac)m(h)g(selection)h(un)m(til)e(a)h
Fs(break)d Ft(command)i(is)630 5340 y(executed,)32 b(at)f(whic)m(h)f(p)
s(oin)m(t)g(the)h Fs(select)d Ft(command)i(completes.)p
eop end
%%Page: 12 18
TeXDict begin 12 17 bop 150 -116 a Ft(12)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)630 299 y(Here)39 b(is)g(an)g(example)h(that)f
(allo)m(ws)i(the)e(user)f(to)i(pic)m(k)f(a)g(\014lename)h(from)e(the)h
(curren)m(t)630 408 y(directory)-8 b(,)32 b(and)d(displa)m(ys)i(the)f
(name)h(and)f(index)f(of)i(the)g(\014le)f(selected.)870
542 y Fs(select)46 b(fname)g(in)i(*;)870 651 y(do)870
761 y(echo)f(you)g(picked)f($fname)g(\\\($REPLY\\\))870
870 y(break;)870 980 y(done)150 1136 y(\(\(...)o(\)\))870
1270 y(\(\()h Fi(expression)56 b Fs(\)\))630 1403 y Ft(The)33
b(arithmetic)i Fq(expression)f Ft(is)f(ev)-5 b(aluated)35
b(according)g(to)f(the)g(rules)f(describ)s(ed)g(b)s(elo)m(w)630
1512 y(\(see)j(Section)f(6.5)h([Shell)f(Arithmetic],)i(page)f(78\).)55
b(If)34 b(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)35 b(of)g(the)g(expression)g(is)630
1622 y(non-zero,)27 b(the)f(return)e(status)i(is)g(0;)h(otherwise)f
(the)g(return)e(status)i(is)g(1.)39 b(This)25 b(is)g(exactly)630
1731 y(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)32 b(to)870 1864 y Fs(let)47
b(")p Fi(expression)11 b Fs(")630 1998 y Ft(See)25 b(Section)h(4.2)h
([Bash)e(Builtins],)i(page)f(41,)i(for)c(a)i(full)f(description)g(of)g
(the)h Fs(let)e Ft(builtin.)150 2154 y Fs([[...)o(]])870
2287 y([[)47 b Fi(expression)56 b Fs(]])630 2420 y Ft(Return)25
b(a)h(status)f(of)h(0)g(or)g(1)g(dep)s(ending)e(on)h(the)h(ev)-5
b(aluation)27 b(of)e(the)h(conditional)h(expres-)630
2530 y(sion)j Fq(expression)p Ft(.)41 b(Expressions)29
b(are)i(comp)s(osed)f(of)g(the)h(primaries)f(describ)s(ed)f(b)s(elo)m
(w)h(in)630 2639 y(Section)36 b(6.4)h([Bash)f(Conditional)g
(Expressions],)h(page)f(76.)57 b(W)-8 b(ord)36 b(splitting)h(and)e
(\014le-)630 2749 y(name)24 b(expansion)h(are)g(not)f(p)s(erformed)f
(on)h(the)h(w)m(ords)f(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)h(the)g(`)p Fs([[)p
Ft(')f(and)g(`)p Fs(]])p Ft(';)i(tilde)630 2859 y(expansion,)31
b(parameter)g(and)f(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(expansion,)g(arithmetic)g
(expansion,)g(command)630 2968 y(substitution,)40 b(pro)s(cess)f
(substitution,)h(and)e(quote)h(remo)m(v)-5 b(al)40 b(are)f(p)s
(erformed.)63 b(Condi-)630 3078 y(tional)32 b(op)s(erators)e(suc)m(h)g
(as)h(`)p Fs(-f)p Ft(')f(m)m(ust)g(b)s(e)g(unquoted)g(to)h(b)s(e)e
(recognized)j(as)f(primaries.)630 3211 y(When)d(used)g(with)g(`)p
Fs([[)p Ft(',)h(The)f(`)p Fs(<)p Ft(')g(and)g(`)p Fs(>)p
Ft(')h(op)s(erators)f(sort)h(lexicographically)i(using)d(the)630
3320 y(curren)m(t)i(lo)s(cale.)630 3453 y(When)22 b(the)h(`)p
Fs(==)p Ft(')f(and)g(`)p Fs(!=)p Ft(')g(op)s(erators)h(are)g(used,)g
(the)g(string)f(to)i(the)e(righ)m(t)h(of)g(the)g(op)s(erator)630
3563 y(is)31 b(considered)g(a)h(pattern)f(and)g(matc)m(hed)h(according)
g(to)g(the)g(rules)f(describ)s(ed)f(b)s(elo)m(w)h(in)630
3673 y(Section)37 b(3.5.8.1)i([P)m(attern)e(Matc)m(hing],)j(page)c(24.)
59 b(If)36 b(the)g(shell)g(option)h Fs(nocasematch)630
3782 y Ft(\(see)42 b(the)f(description)g(of)h Fs(shopt)d
Ft(in)i(Section)h(4.3.2)h([The)e(Shopt)f(Builtin],)45
b(page)d(55\))630 3892 y(is)e(enabled,)i(the)e(matc)m(h)h(is)e(p)s
(erformed)g(without)g(regard)h(to)h(the)f(case)g(of)g(alphab)s(etic)630
4001 y(c)m(haracters.)h(The)28 b(return)e(v)-5 b(alue)28
b(is)g(0)g(if)g(the)g(string)g(matc)m(hes)h(\(`)p Fs(==)p
Ft('\))f(or)g(do)s(es)f(not)h(matc)m(h)630 4111 y(\(`)p
Fs(!=)p Ft('\)the)33 b(pattern,)g(and)f(1)g(otherwise.)47
b(An)m(y)32 b(part)g(of)h(the)f(pattern)g(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(quoted)g(to)
630 4221 y(force)f(it)g(to)g(b)s(e)f(matc)m(hed)h(as)f(a)h(string.)630
4354 y(An)i(additional)i(binary)e(op)s(erator,)i(`)p
Fs(=~)p Ft(',)g(is)f(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable,)37 b(with)c(the)h(same)g
(precedence)h(as)630 4463 y(`)p Fs(==)p Ft(')29 b(and)f(`)p
Fs(!=)p Ft('.)40 b(When)29 b(it)g(is)g(used,)f(the)h(string)g(to)h(the)
e(righ)m(t)i(of)f(the)g(op)s(erator)g(is)g(consid-)630
4573 y(ered)34 b(an)g(extended)g(regular)g(expression)g(and)f(matc)m
(hed)i(accordingly)g(\(as)f(in)g Fk(r)-5 b(e)g(gex)11
b Ft(3\)\).)630 4682 y(The)29 b(return)f(v)-5 b(alue)30
b(is)g(0)g(if)f(the)h(string)g(matc)m(hes)g(the)g(pattern,)g(and)f(1)h
(otherwise.)41 b(If)29 b(the)630 4792 y(regular)e(expression)g(is)h
(syn)m(tactically)i(incorrect,)f(the)e(conditional)i(expression's)e
(return)630 4902 y(v)-5 b(alue)40 b(is)g(2.)68 b(If)39
b(the)h(shell)f(option)h Fs(nocasematch)d Ft(\(see)j(the)g(description)
g(of)f Fs(shopt)f Ft(in)630 5011 y(Section)32 b(4.3.2)g([The)f(Shopt)f
(Builtin],)i(page)g(55\))g(is)f(enabled,)g(the)g(matc)m(h)h(is)e(p)s
(erformed)630 5121 y(without)36 b(regard)g(to)h(the)f(case)h(of)f
(alphab)s(etic)h(c)m(haracters.)59 b(An)m(y)36 b(part)g(of)h(the)f
(pattern)630 5230 y(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)g(quoted)g(to)g(force)g(it)h(to)f(b)
s(e)f(matc)m(hed)i(as)f(a)g(string.)57 b(Substrings)34
b(matc)m(hed)j(b)m(y)630 5340 y(paren)m(thesized)44 b(sub)s
(expressions)e(within)i(the)g(regular)g(expression)g(are)g(sa)m(v)m(ed)
h(in)f(the)p eop end
%%Page: 13 19
TeXDict begin 13 18 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(13)630 299
y(arra)m(y)38 b(v)-5 b(ariable)38 b Fs(BASH_REMATCH)p
Ft(.)59 b(The)36 b(elemen)m(t)j(of)f Fs(BASH_REMATCH)c
Ft(with)j(index)g(0)h(is)630 408 y(the)c(p)s(ortion)f(of)h(the)f
(string)h(matc)m(hing)g(the)g(en)m(tire)h(regular)e(expression.)50
b(The)33 b(elemen)m(t)630 518 y(of)39 b Fs(BASH_REMATCH)c
Ft(with)j(index)g Fq(n)f Ft(is)i(the)f(p)s(ortion)g(of)h(the)f(string)h
(matc)m(hing)g(the)g Fq(n)p Ft(th)630 628 y(paren)m(thesized)31
b(sub)s(expression.)630 770 y(Expressions)23 b(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(com)m
(bined)i(using)f(the)h(follo)m(wing)h(op)s(erators,)g(listed)f(in)f
(decreasing)630 879 y(order)30 b(of)g(precedence:)630
1054 y Fs(\()g Fi(expression)38 b Fs(\))1110 1163 y Ft(Returns)30
b(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(of)g Fq(expression)p Ft(.)42
b(This)30 b(ma)m(y)i(b)s(e)e(used)g(to)i(o)m(v)m(erride)g(the)1110
1273 y(normal)e(precedence)h(of)g(op)s(erators.)630 1447
y Fs(!)f Fi(expression)1110 1557 y Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g
Fq(expression)g Ft(is)h(false.)630 1731 y Fi(expression1)38
b Fs(&&)30 b Fi(expression2)1110 1841 y Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30
b(if)g(b)s(oth)g Fq(expression1)38 b Ft(and)29 b Fq(expression2)38
b Ft(are)31 b(true.)630 2015 y Fi(expression1)38 b Fs(||)30
b Fi(expression2)1110 2125 y Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g(either)h
Fq(expression1)38 b Ft(or)30 b Fq(expression2)38 b Ft(is)30
b(true.)630 2299 y(The)25 b Fs(&&)g Ft(and)g Fs(||)f
Ft(op)s(erators)i(do)f(not)h(ev)-5 b(aluate)27 b Fq(expression2)33
b Ft(if)26 b(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)26 b(of)g Fq(expression1)630
2408 y Ft(is)k(su\016cien)m(t)h(to)g(determine)g(the)f(return)g(v)-5
b(alue)31 b(of)f(the)h(en)m(tire)g(conditional)h(expression.)150
2623 y Fj(3.2.4.3)63 b(Grouping)43 b(Commands)150 2770
y Ft(Bash)30 b(pro)m(vides)g(t)m(w)m(o)h(w)m(a)m(ys)f(to)h(group)e(a)h
(list)g(of)g(commands)f(to)i(b)s(e)e(executed)h(as)g(a)h(unit.)40
b(When)29 b(com-)150 2879 y(mands)h(are)i(group)s(ed,)f(redirections)h
(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)e(applied)i(to)g(the)f(en)m(tire)h(command)g(list.)44
b(F)-8 b(or)32 b(example,)150 2989 y(the)f(output)f(of)g(all)h(the)g
(commands)f(in)g(the)h(list)g(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)e(redirected)i(to)g(a)g
(single)g(stream.)150 3171 y Fs(\(\))870 3313 y(\()47
b Fi(list)58 b Fs(\))630 3455 y Ft(Placing)30 b(a)f(list)g(of)g
(commands)f(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)i(paren)m(theses)e(causes)i(a)f(subshell)e
(en)m(vironmen)m(t)630 3564 y(to)k(b)s(e)e(created)j(\(see)f(Section)g
(3.7.3)h([Command)d(Execution)i(En)m(vironmen)m(t],)g(page)f(30\),)630
3674 y(and)d(eac)m(h)i(of)e(the)h(commands)f(in)g Fq(list)j
Ft(to)f(b)s(e)e(executed)h(in)f(that)h(subshell.)39 b(Since)28
b(the)f Fq(list)630 3783 y Ft(is)i(executed)g(in)f(a)h(subshell,)g(v)-5
b(ariable)29 b(assignmen)m(ts)g(do)g(not)g(remain)f(in)g(e\013ect)j
(after)e(the)630 3893 y(subshell)g(completes.)150 4067
y Fs({})870 4209 y({)47 b Fi(list)11 b Fs(;)46 b(})630
4351 y Ft(Placing)30 b(a)g(list)g(of)g(commands)f(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)h
(curly)f(braces)g(causes)h(the)f(list)h(to)g(b)s(e)f(executed)630
4461 y(in)d(the)h(curren)m(t)g(shell)f(con)m(text.)42
b(No)27 b(subshell)f(is)g(created.)41 b(The)26 b(semicolon)i(\(or)f
(newline\))630 4570 y(follo)m(wing)32 b Fq(list)h Ft(is)d(required.)275
4752 y(In)44 b(addition)h(to)h(the)f(creation)i(of)e(a)g(subshell,)j
(there)e(is)f(a)g(subtle)g(di\013erence)h(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)f(these)150
4862 y(t)m(w)m(o)c(constructs)e(due)g(to)g(historical)i(reasons.)67
b(The)39 b(braces)g(are)h Fs(reserved)28 b(words)p Ft(,)40
b(so)g(they)f(m)m(ust)150 4971 y(b)s(e)d(separated)h(from)f(the)g
Fq(list)j Ft(b)m(y)e Fs(blank)p Ft(s)e(or)h(other)h(shell)f(metac)m
(haracters.)62 b(The)36 b(paren)m(theses)h(are)150 5081
y Fs(operators)p Ft(,)23 b(and)h(are)g(recognized)i(as)e(separate)i
(tok)m(ens)f(b)m(y)f(the)g(shell)h(ev)m(en)g(if)f(they)g(are)h(not)f
(separated)150 5191 y(from)30 b(the)g Fq(list)j Ft(b)m(y)e(whitespace.)
275 5340 y(The)e(exit)j(status)e(of)h(b)s(oth)f(of)g(these)h
(constructs)g(is)f(the)h(exit)g(status)f(of)h Fq(list)r
Ft(.)p eop end
%%Page: 14 20
TeXDict begin 14 19 bop 150 -116 a Ft(14)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fj(3.2.5)63 b(Copro)s(cesses)150
446 y Ft(A)37 b Fs(coprocess)c Ft(is)k(a)g(shell)f(command)h(preceded)f
(b)m(y)g(the)h Fs(coproc)d Ft(reserv)m(ed)j(w)m(ord.)59
b(A)36 b(copro)s(cess)h(is)150 555 y(executed)g(async)m(hronously)g(in)
f(a)h(subshell,)g(as)g(if)g(the)f(command)h(had)f(b)s(een)f(terminated)
i(with)g(the)150 665 y(`)p Fs(&)p Ft(')d(con)m(trol)h(op)s(erator,)g
(with)f(a)g(t)m(w)m(o-w)m(a)m(y)i(pip)s(e)d(established)h(b)s(et)m(w)m
(een)h(the)f(executing)h(shell)f(and)f(the)150 775 y(copro)s(cess.)275
906 y(The)c(format)i(for)f(a)h(copro)s(cess)g(is:)390
1037 y Fs(coproc)46 b([)p Fi(NAME)11 b Fs(])46 b Fi(command)56
b Fs([)p Fi(redirections)11 b Fs(])150 1168 y Ft(This)41
b(creates)i(a)g(copro)s(cess)f(named)f Fq(NAME)5 b Ft(.)43
b(If)f Fq(NAME)47 b Ft(is)42 b(not)g(supplied,)i(the)e(default)g(name)g
(is)150 1277 y Fq(COPR)m(OC)8 b Ft(.)22 b Fq(NAME)29
b Ft(m)m(ust)23 b(not)g(b)s(e)g(supplied)e(if)i Fq(command)k
Ft(is)c(a)g(simple)g(command)g(\(see)h(Section)g(3.2.1)150
1387 y([Simple)39 b(Commands],)h(page)g(8\);)k(otherwise,)e(it)d(is)g
(in)m(terpreted)h(as)f(the)g(\014rst)f(w)m(ord)h(of)g(the)g(simple)150
1496 y(command.)275 1627 y(When)23 b(the)h(copro)s(c)g(is)g(executed,)i
(the)e(shell)g(creates)h(an)e(arra)m(y)i(v)-5 b(ariable)24
b(\(see)h(Section)f(6.7)h([Arra)m(ys],)150 1737 y(page)43
b(80\))g(named)f Fq(NAME)48 b Ft(in)42 b(the)g(con)m(text)i(of)e(the)h
(executing)g(shell.)76 b(The)42 b(standard)f(output)h(of)150
1846 y Fq(command)d Ft(is)d(connected)h(via)g(a)f(pip)s(e)g(to)g(a)h
(\014le)f(descriptor)g(in)f(the)i(executing)g(shell,)h(and)d(that)i
(\014le)150 1956 y(descriptor)25 b(is)f(assigned)h(to)h
Fq(NAME)5 b Ft([0].)40 b(The)25 b(standard)e(input)h(of)h
Fq(command)j Ft(is)d(connected)g(via)h(a)f(pip)s(e)150
2066 y(to)33 b(a)f(\014le)g(descriptor)g(in)f(the)i(executing)g(shell,)
f(and)g(that)g(\014le)g(descriptor)g(is)g(assigned)g(to)h
Fq(NAME)5 b Ft([1].)150 2175 y(This)31 b(pip)s(e)g(is)h(established)g
(b)s(efore)g(an)m(y)g(redirections)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(b)m(y)f(the)i
(command)e(\(see)i(Section)g(3.6)150 2285 y([Redirections],)25
b(page)e(26\).)39 b(The)21 b(\014le)h(descriptors)g(can)g(b)s(e)f
(utilized)i(as)f(argumen)m(ts)h(to)f(shell)g(commands)150
2394 y(and)30 b(redirections)h(using)f(standard)f(w)m(ord)h
(expansions.)275 2525 y(The)f(pro)s(cess)h(id)f(of)h(the)g(shell)h(spa)
m(wned)e(to)i(execute)g(the)f(copro)s(cess)h(is)f(a)m(v)-5
b(ailable)32 b(as)e(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(of)150 2635
y(the)26 b(v)-5 b(ariable)26 b Fq(NAME)p 931 2635 28
4 v 46 w Ft(PID.)g(The)f Fs(wait)g Ft(builtin)g(command)g(ma)m(y)h(b)s
(e)f(used)g(to)i(w)m(ait)f(for)g(the)g(copro)s(cess)150
2745 y(to)31 b(terminate.)275 2876 y(The)e(return)h(status)g(of)h(a)g
(copro)s(cess)f(is)h(the)f(exit)i(status)e(of)h Fq(command)t
Ft(.)150 3101 y Fr(3.3)68 b(Shell)45 b(F)-11 b(unctions)150
3260 y Ft(Shell)35 b(functions)h(are)g(a)g(w)m(a)m(y)g(to)h(group)e
(commands)g(for)h(later)g(execution)h(using)e(a)h(single)g(name)g(for)
150 3370 y(the)f(group.)55 b(They)35 b(are)g(executed)h(just)f(lik)m(e)
h(a)g Fs(")p Ft(regular)p Fs(")f Ft(command.)54 b(When)35
b(the)h(name)f(of)g(a)h(shell)150 3480 y(function)j(is)g(used)f(as)h(a)
h(simple)f(command)g(name,)i(the)e(list)h(of)f(commands)g(asso)s
(ciated)i(with)d(that)150 3589 y(function)25 b(name)h(is)g(executed.)40
b(Shell)25 b(functions)g(are)i(executed)f(in)f(the)h(curren)m(t)g
(shell)g(con)m(text;)j(no)c(new)150 3699 y(pro)s(cess)30
b(is)g(created)i(to)f(in)m(terpret)g(them.)275 3830 y(F)-8
b(unctions)30 b(are)h(declared)g(using)f(this)g(syn)m(tax:)390
3961 y Fs([)47 b(function)f(])h Fi(name)58 b Fs(\(\))47
b Fi(compound-command)54 b Fs([)47 b Fi(redirections)55
b Fs(])275 4092 y Ft(This)31 b(de\014nes)h(a)g(shell)h(function)f
(named)g Fq(name)5 b Ft(.)47 b(The)32 b(reserv)m(ed)h(w)m(ord)f
Fs(function)e Ft(is)i(optional.)48 b(If)150 4201 y(the)39
b Fs(function)f Ft(reserv)m(ed)h(w)m(ord)g(is)g(supplied,)i(the)e
(paren)m(theses)h(are)f(optional.)69 b(The)39 b Fq(b)s(o)s(dy)45
b Ft(of)40 b(the)150 4311 y(function)h(is)h(the)g(comp)s(ound)e
(command)h Fq(comp)s(ound-command)j Ft(\(see)e(Section)h(3.2.4)g([Comp)
s(ound)150 4420 y(Commands],)33 b(page)g(9\).)48 b(That)33
b(command)g(is)f(usually)h(a)g Fq(list)i Ft(enclosed)e(b)s(et)m(w)m
(een)h Fs({)e Ft(and)g Fs(})p Ft(,)h(but)f(ma)m(y)150
4530 y(b)s(e)27 b(an)m(y)h(comp)s(ound)e(command)h(listed)h(ab)s(o)m(v)
m(e.)41 b Fq(comp)s(ound-command)30 b Ft(is)e(executed)g(whenev)m(er)g
Fq(name)150 4640 y Ft(is)37 b(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(as)g(the)h(name)f(of)g
(a)h(command.)61 b(An)m(y)37 b(redirections)h(\(see)g(Section)g(3.6)g
([Redirections],)150 4749 y(page)31 b(26\))h(asso)s(ciated)g(with)e
(the)g(shell)h(function)f(are)h(p)s(erformed)d(when)i(the)g(function)g
(is)h(executed.)275 4880 y(A)41 b(function)f(de\014nition)h(ma)m(y)g(b)
s(e)g(deleted)g(using)g(the)g(`)p Fs(-f)p Ft(')g(option)g(to)h(the)f
Fs(unset)e Ft(builtin)i(\(see)150 4990 y(Section)31 b(4.1)h([Bourne)e
(Shell)g(Builtins],)h(page)h(35\).)275 5121 y(The)26
b(exit)i(status)g(of)f(a)h(function)f(de\014nition)g(is)g(zero)h
(unless)f(a)g(syn)m(tax)h(error)f(o)s(ccurs)g(or)g(a)h(readonly)150
5230 y(function)k(with)f(the)i(same)f(name)g(already)h(exists.)46
b(When)32 b(executed,)h(the)f(exit)h(status)g(of)f(a)g(function)150
5340 y(is)e(the)h(exit)g(status)g(of)f(the)h(last)g(command)f(executed)
i(in)e(the)g(b)s(o)s(dy)-8 b(.)p eop end
%%Page: 15 21
TeXDict begin 15 20 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(15)275 299
y(Note)22 b(that)f(for)f(historical)i(reasons,)h(in)e(the)g(most)g
(common)g(usage)g(the)g(curly)f(braces)h(that)g(surround)150
408 y(the)38 b(b)s(o)s(dy)d(of)j(the)f(function)g(m)m(ust)g(b)s(e)g
(separated)h(from)f(the)g(b)s(o)s(dy)f(b)m(y)h Fs(blank)p
Ft(s)f(or)h(newlines.)62 b(This)150 518 y(is)38 b(b)s(ecause)g(the)h
(braces)f(are)h(reserv)m(ed)f(w)m(ords)g(and)f(are)i(only)f(recognized)
i(as)e(suc)m(h)g(when)f(they)i(are)150 628 y(separated)26
b(from)f(the)h(command)f(list)i(b)m(y)e(whitespace)h(or)g(another)g
(shell)g(metac)m(haracter.)41 b(Also,)28 b(when)150 737
y(using)i(the)g(braces,)h(the)g Fq(list)i Ft(m)m(ust)d(b)s(e)g
(terminated)h(b)m(y)f(a)h(semicolon,)h(a)e(`)p Fs(&)p
Ft(',)h(or)g(a)f(newline.)275 879 y(When)i(a)i(function)f(is)g
(executed,)i(the)e(argumen)m(ts)h(to)g(the)f(function)g(b)s(ecome)g
(the)h(p)s(ositional)g(pa-)150 988 y(rameters)42 b(during)e(its)i
(execution)h(\(see)f(Section)g(3.4.1)h([P)m(ositional)h(P)m
(arameters],)i(page)c(16\).)75 b(The)150 1098 y(sp)s(ecial)37
b(parameter)f(`)p Fs(#)p Ft(')g(that)h(expands)e(to)i(the)f(n)m(um)m(b)
s(er)f(of)h(p)s(ositional)h(parameters)f(is)g(up)s(dated)f(to)150
1207 y(re\015ect)h(the)f(c)m(hange.)56 b(Sp)s(ecial)35
b(parameter)h Fs(0)f Ft(is)g(unc)m(hanged.)54 b(The)35
b(\014rst)f(elemen)m(t)j(of)e(the)g Fs(FUNCNAME)150 1317
y Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(is)g(set)f(to)i(the)e(name)h(of)f(the)h
(function)f(while)g(the)h(function)f(is)g(executing.)275
1459 y(All)25 b(other)g(asp)s(ects)g(of)g(the)g(shell)g(execution)h(en)
m(vironmen)m(t)g(are)f(iden)m(tical)h(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)g(a)f(function)g
(and)150 1568 y(its)35 b(caller)i(with)d(these)i(exceptions:)50
b(the)36 b Fs(DEBUG)d Ft(and)h Fs(RETURN)g Ft(traps)g(are)i(not)f
(inherited)f(unless)h(the)150 1678 y(function)26 b(has)g(b)s(een)f(giv)
m(en)i(the)g Fs(trace)d Ft(attribute)j(using)f(the)g
Fs(declare)e Ft(builtin)i(or)g(the)h Fs(-o)i(functrace)150
1787 y Ft(option)f(has)e(b)s(een)h(enabled)g(with)g(the)g
Fs(set)f Ft(builtin,)i(\(in)f(whic)m(h)f(case)j(all)f(functions)e
(inherit)h(the)g Fs(DEBUG)150 1897 y Ft(and)33 b Fs(RETURN)f
Ft(traps\),)j(and)e(the)h Fs(ERR)f Ft(trap)h(is)g(not)g(inherited)f
(unless)g(the)h Fs(-o)c(errtrace)h Ft(shell)j(option)150
2007 y(has)h(b)s(een)f(enabled.)55 b(See)35 b(Section)h(4.1)g([Bourne)f
(Shell)g(Builtins],)i(page)f(35,)i(for)c(the)i(description)f(of)150
2116 y(the)c Fs(trap)e Ft(builtin.)275 2258 y(If)37 b(the)g(builtin)g
(command)h Fs(return)d Ft(is)j(executed)g(in)g(a)g(function,)h(the)e
(function)h(completes)h(and)150 2367 y(execution)25 b(resumes)e(with)h
(the)g(next)g(command)f(after)i(the)f(function)f(call.)40
b(An)m(y)24 b(command)f(asso)s(ciated)150 2477 y(with)36
b(the)h Fs(RETURN)d Ft(trap)i(is)h(executed)g(b)s(efore)f(execution)i
(resumes.)57 b(When)37 b(a)f(function)g(completes,)150
2586 y(the)h(v)-5 b(alues)38 b(of)f(the)g(p)s(ositional)h(parameters)f
(and)g(the)g(sp)s(ecial)h(parameter)f(`)p Fs(#)p Ft(')g(are)h(restored)
f(to)h(the)150 2696 y(v)-5 b(alues)26 b(they)f(had)g(prior)f(to)i(the)g
(function's)f(execution.)40 b(If)25 b(a)h(n)m(umeric)f(argumen)m(t)h
(is)f(giv)m(en)h(to)g Fs(return)p Ft(,)150 2806 y(that)j(is)g(the)f
(function's)h(return)e(status;)j(otherwise)f(the)f(function's)h(return)
e(status)i(is)f(the)h(exit)h(status)150 2915 y(of)h(the)f(last)h
(command)f(executed)i(b)s(efore)e(the)g Fs(return)p Ft(.)275
3057 y(V)-8 b(ariables)31 b(lo)s(cal)g(to)f(the)g(function)f(ma)m(y)i
(b)s(e)e(declared)h(with)f(the)h Fs(local)f Ft(builtin.)40
b(These)29 b(v)-5 b(ariables)150 3166 y(are)31 b(visible)g(only)f(to)h
(the)g(function)f(and)g(the)g(commands)g(it)h(in)m(v)m(ok)m(es.)275
3308 y(F)-8 b(unction)38 b(names)f(and)g(de\014nitions)g(ma)m(y)i(b)s
(e)e(listed)h(with)f(the)h(`)p Fs(-f)p Ft(')f(option)h(to)h(the)e
Fs(declare)f Ft(or)150 3417 y Fs(typeset)d Ft(builtin)h(commands)h
(\(see)h(Section)g(4.2)g([Bash)f(Builtins],)i(page)f(41\).)55
b(The)35 b(`)p Fs(-F)p Ft(')g(option)g(to)150 3527 y
Fs(declare)f Ft(or)i Fs(typeset)e Ft(will)i(list)h(the)f(function)g
(names)g(only)g(\(and)g(optionally)h(the)f(source)g(\014le)h(and)150
3636 y(line)c(n)m(um)m(b)s(er,)g(if)f(the)h Fs(extdebug)e
Ft(shell)i(option)g(is)g(enabled\).)49 b(F)-8 b(unctions)33
b(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(exp)s(orted)g(so)h(that)150 3746 y(subshells)f
(automatically)37 b(ha)m(v)m(e)d(them)g(de\014ned)e(with)h(the)g(`)p
Fs(-f)p Ft(')h(option)g(to)g(the)f Fs(export)f Ft(builtin)h(\(see)150
3856 y(Section)g(4.1)g([Bourne)f(Shell)g(Builtins],)i(page)f(35\).)47
b(Note)33 b(that)g(shell)f(functions)g(and)f(v)-5 b(ariables)33
b(with)150 3965 y(the)d(same)g(name)g(ma)m(y)g(result)g(in)g(m)m
(ultiple)g(iden)m(tically-named)i(en)m(tries)f(in)e(the)h(en)m
(vironmen)m(t)g(passed)150 4075 y(to)h(the)g(shell's)f(c)m(hildren.)41
b(Care)30 b(should)g(b)s(e)f(tak)m(en)j(in)e(cases)h(where)f(this)g(ma)
m(y)h(cause)g(a)g(problem.)275 4216 y(F)-8 b(unctions)30
b(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(recursiv)m(e.)41 b(No)31 b(limit)g(is)g(placed)g(on)
f(the)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)g(of)g(recursiv)m(e)h(calls.)150
4459 y Fr(3.4)68 b(Shell)45 b(P)l(arameters)150 4619
y Ft(A)23 b Fq(parameter)31 b Ft(is)23 b(an)g(en)m(tit)m(y)i(that)f
(stores)g(v)-5 b(alues.)39 b(It)23 b(can)h(b)s(e)f(a)g
Fs(name)p Ft(,)h(a)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er,)f(or)h(one)f(of)h(the)f(sp)s
(ecial)150 4728 y(c)m(haracters)i(listed)f(b)s(elo)m(w.)39
b(A)24 b Fq(v)-5 b(ariable)29 b Ft(is)24 b(a)g(parameter)g(denoted)f(b)
m(y)h(a)g Fs(name)p Ft(.)37 b(A)24 b(v)-5 b(ariable)24
b(has)f(a)h Fq(v)-5 b(alue)150 4838 y Ft(and)33 b(zero)i(or)e(more)h
Fq(attributes)t Ft(.)51 b(A)m(ttributes)34 b(are)g(assigned)g(using)f
(the)h Fs(declare)e Ft(builtin)h(command)150 4947 y(\(see)e(the)g
(description)f(of)h(the)f Fs(declare)f Ft(builtin)h(in)g(Section)h(4.2)
g([Bash)g(Builtins],)g(page)g(41\).)275 5089 y(A)d(parameter)h(is)g
(set)g(if)f(it)h(has)f(b)s(een)g(assigned)h(a)g(v)-5
b(alue.)40 b(The)28 b(n)m(ull)h(string)f(is)h(a)g(v)-5
b(alid)28 b(v)-5 b(alue.)41 b(Once)150 5198 y(a)31 b(v)-5
b(ariable)31 b(is)f(set,)i(it)e(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(unset)g(only)h(b)m(y)f
(using)g(the)g Fs(unset)f Ft(builtin)h(command.)275 5340
y(A)g(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(assigned)g(to)i(b)m(y)e(a)h
(statemen)m(t)h(of)e(the)h(form)p eop end
%%Page: 16 22
TeXDict begin 16 21 bop 150 -116 a Ft(16)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)390 299 y Fi(name)11 b Fs(=[)p
Fi(value)g Fs(])150 435 y Ft(If)34 b Fq(v)-5 b(alue)40
b Ft(is)35 b(not)g(giv)m(en,)h(the)f(v)-5 b(ariable)35
b(is)g(assigned)g(the)f(n)m(ull)h(string.)53 b(All)35
b Fq(v)-5 b(alue)5 b Ft(s)35 b(undergo)f(tilde)h(ex-)150
544 y(pansion,)h(parameter)f(and)f(v)-5 b(ariable)36
b(expansion,)f(command)g(substitution,)h(arithmetic)g(expansion,)150
654 y(and)k(quote)h(remo)m(v)-5 b(al)42 b(\(detailed)h(b)s(elo)m(w\).)
72 b(If)40 b(the)h(v)-5 b(ariable)41 b(has)g(its)g Fs(integer)e
Ft(attribute)i(set,)j(then)150 763 y Fq(v)-5 b(alue)38
b Ft(is)33 b(ev)-5 b(aluated)34 b(as)f(an)g(arithmetic)h(expression)f
(ev)m(en)h(if)e(the)h Fs($\(\(...)o(\)\))f Ft(expansion)h(is)g(not)g
(used)150 873 y(\(see)e(Section)g(3.5.5)i([Arithmetic)e(Expansion],)f
(page)h(23\).)42 b(W)-8 b(ord)31 b(splitting)g(is)g(not)f(p)s
(erformed,)f(with)150 983 y(the)35 b(exception)h(of)f
Fs("$@")f Ft(as)h(explained)g(b)s(elo)m(w.)54 b(Filename)36
b(expansion)f(is)g(not)g(p)s(erformed.)53 b(Assign-)150
1092 y(men)m(t)33 b(statemen)m(ts)h(ma)m(y)f(also)g(app)s(ear)f(as)g
(argumen)m(ts)h(to)g(the)g Fs(alias)p Ft(,)e Fs(declare)p
Ft(,)g Fs(typeset)p Ft(,)g Fs(export)p Ft(,)150 1202
y Fs(readonly)p Ft(,)d(and)i Fs(local)f Ft(builtin)h(commands.)275
1338 y(In)f(the)h(con)m(text)i(where)d(an)h(assignmen)m(t)h(statemen)m
(t)h(is)e(assigning)g(a)h(v)-5 b(alue)30 b(to)h(a)f(shell)g(v)-5
b(ariable)31 b(or)150 1447 y(arra)m(y)f(index)g(\(see)h(Section)g(6.7)g
([Arra)m(ys],)g(page)g(80\),)g(the)f(`)p Fs(+=)p Ft(')g(op)s(erator)g
(can)h(b)s(e)e(used)g(to)i(app)s(end)d(to)150 1557 y(or)36
b(add)g(to)h(the)f(v)-5 b(ariable's)37 b(previous)f(v)-5
b(alue.)59 b(When)36 b(`)p Fs(+=)p Ft(')g(is)g(applied)g(to)h(a)g(v)-5
b(ariable)37 b(for)f(whic)m(h)g(the)150 1666 y(in)m(teger)k(attribute)e
(has)g(b)s(een)g(set,)j Fq(v)-5 b(alue)44 b Ft(is)38
b(ev)-5 b(aluated)39 b(as)g(an)f(arithmetic)h(expression)f(and)g(added)
150 1776 y(to)e(the)f(v)-5 b(ariable's)36 b(curren)m(t)f(v)-5
b(alue,)37 b(whic)m(h)e(is)g(also)h(ev)-5 b(aluated.)56
b(When)35 b(`)p Fs(+=)p Ft(')g(is)h(applied)f(to)g(an)g(arra)m(y)150
1886 y(v)-5 b(ariable)26 b(using)e(comp)s(ound)f(assignmen)m(t)j(\(see)
f(Section)h(6.7)f([Arra)m(ys],)i(page)f(80\),)h(the)e(v)-5
b(ariable's)25 b(v)-5 b(alue)150 1995 y(is)32 b(not)f(unset)h(\(as)g
(it)g(is)f(when)g(using)g(`)p Fs(=)p Ft('\),)i(and)e(new)g(v)-5
b(alues)32 b(are)g(app)s(ended)d(to)k(the)f(arra)m(y)g(b)s(eginning)150
2105 y(at)27 b(one)f(greater)i(than)e(the)g(arra)m(y's)h(maxim)m(um)f
(index)g(\(for)g(indexed)g(arra)m(ys\),)i(or)e(added)g(as)g(additional)
150 2214 y(k)m(ey-v)-5 b(alue)35 b(pairs)e(in)g(an)g(asso)s(ciativ)m(e)
j(arra)m(y)-8 b(.)51 b(When)33 b(applied)g(to)h(a)g(string-v)-5
b(alued)34 b(v)-5 b(ariable,)35 b Fq(v)-5 b(alue)39 b
Ft(is)150 2324 y(expanded)30 b(and)f(app)s(ended)g(to)i(the)g(v)-5
b(ariable's)31 b(v)-5 b(alue.)150 2525 y Fj(3.4.1)63
b(P)m(ositional)41 b(P)m(arameters)150 2671 y Ft(A)28
b Fq(p)s(ositional)h(parameter)35 b Ft(is)28 b(a)g(parameter)g(denoted)
g(b)m(y)g(one)g(or)g(more)g(digits,)h(other)g(than)e(the)h(single)150
2781 y(digit)34 b Fs(0)p Ft(.)48 b(P)m(ositional)36 b(parameters)d(are)
g(assigned)h(from)e(the)i(shell's)f(argumen)m(ts)g(when)f(it)i(is)f(in)
m(v)m(ok)m(ed,)150 2891 y(and)38 b(ma)m(y)i(b)s(e)e(reassigned)i(using)
e(the)h Fs(set)g Ft(builtin)f(command.)67 b(P)m(ositional)41
b(parameter)e Fs(N)g Ft(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)150 3000 y(referenced)34
b(as)h Fs(${N})p Ft(,)g(or)f(as)h Fs($N)e Ft(when)h Fs(N)g
Ft(consists)h(of)f(a)h(single)g(digit.)54 b(P)m(ositional)37
b(parameters)d(ma)m(y)150 3110 y(not)j(b)s(e)f(assigned)h(to)g(with)f
(assignmen)m(t)i(statemen)m(ts.)61 b(The)36 b Fs(set)g
Ft(and)g Fs(shift)f Ft(builtins)h(are)h(used)f(to)150
3219 y(set)k(and)f(unset)f(them)i(\(see)g(Chapter)f(4)g([Shell)h
(Builtin)g(Commands],)h(page)f(35\).)68 b(The)39 b(p)s(ositional)150
3329 y(parameters)44 b(are)g(temp)s(orarily)g(replaced)h(when)e(a)h
(shell)g(function)g(is)g(executed)g(\(see)h(Section)g(3.3)150
3439 y([Shell)30 b(F)-8 b(unctions],)32 b(page)f(14\).)275
3574 y(When)c(a)i(p)s(ositional)g(parameter)g(consisting)f(of)h(more)f
(than)g(a)g(single)h(digit)g(is)f(expanded,)g(it)h(m)m(ust)150
3684 y(b)s(e)h(enclosed)h(in)f(braces.)150 3885 y Fj(3.4.2)63
b(Sp)s(ecial)41 b(P)m(arameters)150 4032 y Ft(The)d(shell)g(treats)h
(sev)m(eral)g(parameters)f(sp)s(ecially)-8 b(.)65 b(These)38
b(parameters)h(ma)m(y)f(only)g(b)s(e)g(referenced;)150
4141 y(assignmen)m(t)31 b(to)g(them)g(is)f(not)h(allo)m(w)m(ed.)150
4303 y Fs(*)432 b Ft(Expands)29 b(to)h(the)h(p)s(ositional)f
(parameters,)h(starting)g(from)e(one.)41 b(When)30 b(the)g(expansion)
630 4412 y(o)s(ccurs)e(within)f(double)h(quotes,)h(it)g(expands)e(to)i
(a)f(single)h(w)m(ord)f(with)g(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)29 b(of)f(eac)m(h)630
4522 y(parameter)i(separated)g(b)m(y)f(the)g(\014rst)g(c)m(haracter)i
(of)e(the)h Fs(IFS)e Ft(sp)s(ecial)i(v)-5 b(ariable.)41
b(That)30 b(is,)630 4631 y Fs("$*")h Ft(is)i(equiv)-5
b(alen)m(t)33 b(to)h Fs("$1)p Fi(c)11 b Fs($2)p Fi(c)g
Fs(...)l(")p Ft(,)33 b(where)f Fq(c)38 b Ft(is)32 b(the)h(\014rst)e(c)m
(haracter)j(of)f(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)630 4741 y(of)30 b(the)g
Fs(IFS)g Ft(v)-5 b(ariable.)41 b(If)30 b Fs(IFS)f Ft(is)h(unset,)g(the)
g(parameters)g(are)h(separated)f(b)m(y)g(spaces.)41 b(If)630
4850 y Fs(IFS)29 b Ft(is)i(n)m(ull,)f(the)h(parameters)g(are)f(joined)h
(without)f(in)m(terv)m(ening)i(separators.)150 5011 y
Fs(@)432 b Ft(Expands)29 b(to)h(the)h(p)s(ositional)f(parameters,)h
(starting)g(from)e(one.)41 b(When)30 b(the)g(expansion)630
5121 y(o)s(ccurs)c(within)g(double)f(quotes,)j(eac)m(h)f(parameter)g
(expands)e(to)i(a)g(separate)g(w)m(ord.)39 b(That)630
5230 y(is,)29 b Fs("$@")e Ft(is)i(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)30
b(to)f Fs("$1")g("$2")h(...)o Ft(.)40 b(If)28 b(the)g(double-quoted)h
(expansion)f(o)s(ccurs)630 5340 y(within)d(a)h(w)m(ord,)g(the)g
(expansion)f(of)h(the)g(\014rst)f(parameter)h(is)f(joined)h(with)f(the)
h(b)s(eginning)p eop end
%%Page: 17 23
TeXDict begin 17 22 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(17)630 299
y(part)25 b(of)g(the)g(original)g(w)m(ord,)h(and)e(the)h(expansion)g
(of)g(the)g(last)h(parameter)f(is)g(joined)f(with)630
408 y(the)37 b(last)g(part)g(of)f(the)h(original)h(w)m(ord.)59
b(When)36 b(there)h(are)g(no)f(p)s(ositional)h(parameters,)630
518 y Fs("$@")29 b Ft(and)h Fs($@)g Ft(expand)f(to)j(nothing)e(\(i.e.,)
i(they)e(are)h(remo)m(v)m(ed\).)150 677 y Fs(#)432 b
Ft(Expands)29 b(to)i(the)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)h(p)s(ositional)h
(parameters)g(in)f(decimal.)150 836 y Fs(?)432 b Ft(Expands)29
b(to)i(the)g(exit)g(status)g(of)f(the)h(most)f(recen)m(tly)i(executed)f
(foreground)f(pip)s(eline.)150 995 y Fs(-)432 b Ft(\(A)31
b(h)m(yphen.\))42 b(Expands)30 b(to)h(the)g(curren)m(t)g(option)h
(\015ags)f(as)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(up)s(on)g(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation,)630
1105 y(b)m(y)35 b(the)h Fs(set)e Ft(builtin)h(command,)h(or)g(those)g
(set)f(b)m(y)h(the)f(shell)h(itself)g(\(suc)m(h)f(as)h(the)f(`)p
Fs(-i)p Ft(')630 1215 y(option\).)150 1374 y Fs($)432
b Ft(Expands)39 b(to)j(the)f(pro)s(cess)f Fl(id)h Ft(of)g(the)g(shell.)
73 b(In)40 b(a)h Fs(\(\))f Ft(subshell,)j(it)e(expands)f(to)i(the)630
1483 y(pro)s(cess)30 b Fl(id)g Ft(of)h(the)g(in)m(v)m(oking)g(shell,)g
(not)g(the)f(subshell.)150 1643 y Fs(!)432 b Ft(Expands)39
b(to)i(the)g(pro)s(cess)e Fl(id)i Ft(of)f(the)h(most)g(recen)m(tly)g
(executed)g(bac)m(kground)g(\(asyn-)630 1752 y(c)m(hronous\))30
b(command.)150 1911 y Fs(0)432 b Ft(Expands)20 b(to)j(the)f(name)g(of)g
(the)g(shell)g(or)f(shell)h(script.)38 b(This)21 b(is)h(set)g(at)h
(shell)f(initialization.)630 2021 y(If)44 b(Bash)g(is)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m
(ed)i(with)e(a)g(\014le)g(of)h(commands)e(\(see)j(Section)f(3.8)g
([Shell)f(Scripts],)630 2130 y(page)39 b(33\),)i Fs($0)d
Ft(is)g(set)g(to)h(the)f(name)g(of)g(that)h(\014le.)64
b(If)37 b(Bash)i(is)f(started)g(with)g(the)g(`)p Fs(-c)p
Ft(')630 2240 y(option)i(\(see)g(Section)h(6.1)f([In)m(v)m(oking)h
(Bash],)h(page)e(71\),)j(then)d Fs($0)e Ft(is)i(set)g(to)g(the)g
(\014rst)630 2350 y(argumen)m(t)31 b(after)g(the)g(string)g(to)g(b)s(e)
f(executed,)i(if)f(one)g(is)f(presen)m(t.)42 b(Otherwise,)31
b(it)g(is)f(set)630 2459 y(to)h(the)g(\014lename)f(used)g(to)h(in)m(v)m
(ok)m(e)h(Bash,)f(as)g(giv)m(en)g(b)m(y)f(argumen)m(t)h(zero.)150
2618 y Fs(_)432 b Ft(\(An)27 b(underscore.\))39 b(A)m(t)29
b(shell)e(startup,)h(set)f(to)h(the)g(absolute)g(pathname)f(used)f(to)i
(in)m(v)m(ok)m(e)630 2728 y(the)22 b(shell)g(or)g(shell)g(script)f(b)s
(eing)h(executed)h(as)f(passed)f(in)g(the)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t)h(or)e
(argumen)m(t)630 2838 y(list.)72 b(Subsequen)m(tly)-8
b(,)43 b(expands)c(to)j(the)e(last)i(argumen)m(t)f(to)g(the)g(previous)
f(command,)630 2947 y(after)35 b(expansion.)54 b(Also)36
b(set)f(to)h(the)f(full)f(pathname)h(used)f(to)h(in)m(v)m(ok)m(e)i(eac)
m(h)f(command)630 3057 y(executed)42 b(and)e(placed)i(in)e(the)h(en)m
(vironmen)m(t)h(exp)s(orted)f(to)g(that)h(command.)72
b(When)630 3166 y(c)m(hec)m(king)32 b(mail,)f(this)g(parameter)g(holds)
e(the)i(name)f(of)h(the)g(mail)g(\014le.)150 3399 y Fr(3.5)68
b(Shell)45 b(Expansions)150 3558 y Ft(Expansion)27 b(is)i(p)s(erformed)
d(on)i(the)g(command)g(line)h(after)f(it)h(has)f(b)s(een)f(split)h(in)m
(to)i Fs(token)p Ft(s.)38 b(There)28 b(are)150 3668 y(sev)m(en)j(kinds)
e(of)i(expansion)f(p)s(erformed:)225 3802 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(brace)31 b(expansion)225 3936 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(tilde)31
b(expansion)225 4071 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(parameter)31 b(and)f(v)-5
b(ariable)31 b(expansion)225 4205 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(command)30
b(substitution)225 4339 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(arithmetic)32
b(expansion)225 4474 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(w)m(ord)30 b(splitting)225
4608 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(\014lename)31 b(expansion)275
4767 y(The)i(order)g(of)h(expansions)g(is:)47 b(brace)34
b(expansion,)h(tilde)g(expansion,)f(parameter,)i(v)-5
b(ariable,)36 b(and)150 4877 y(arithmetic)46 b(expansion)f(and)g
(command)f(substitution)h(\(done)g(in)g(a)g(left-to-righ)m(t)j
(fashion\),)h(w)m(ord)150 4986 y(splitting,)31 b(and)f(\014lename)h
(expansion.)275 5121 y(On)42 b(systems)h(that)h(can)g(supp)s(ort)e(it,)
47 b(there)d(is)f(an)h(additional)g(expansion)f(a)m(v)-5
b(ailable:)69 b Fq(pro)s(cess)150 5230 y(substitution)p
Ft(.)61 b(This)36 b(is)h(p)s(erformed)f(at)i(the)f(same)h(time)f(as)h
(parameter,)h(v)-5 b(ariable,)40 b(and)d(arithmetic)150
5340 y(expansion)30 b(and)g(command)g(substitution.)p
eop end
%%Page: 18 24
TeXDict begin 18 23 bop 150 -116 a Ft(18)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)275 299 y(Only)k(brace)i(expansion,)h(w)m(ord)e
(splitting,)j(and)d(\014lename)g(expansion)g(can)h(c)m(hange)h(the)e(n)
m(um)m(b)s(er)150 408 y(of)h(w)m(ords)f(of)g(the)h(expansion;)i(other)e
(expansions)f(expand)g(a)h(single)g(w)m(ord)f(to)h(a)g(single)g(w)m
(ord.)58 b(The)150 518 y(only)32 b(exceptions)i(to)f(this)f(are)h(the)f
(expansions)g(of)h Fs("$@")e Ft(\(see)i(Section)g(3.4.2)h([Sp)s(ecial)f
(P)m(arameters],)150 628 y(page)e(16\))h(and)d Fs("${)p
Fi(name)11 b Fs([@]}")27 b Ft(\(see)k(Section)h(6.7)f([Arra)m(ys],)g
(page)g(80\).)275 765 y(After)41 b(all)i(expansions,)h
Fs(quote)29 b(removal)40 b Ft(\(see)i(Section)h(3.5.9)g([Quote)f(Remo)m
(v)-5 b(al],)47 b(page)42 b(25\))h(is)150 875 y(p)s(erformed.)150
1077 y Fj(3.5.1)63 b(Brace)40 b(Expansion)150 1224 y
Ft(Brace)28 b(expansion)f(is)h(a)f(mec)m(hanism)h(b)m(y)f(whic)m(h)f
(arbitrary)h(strings)g(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(generated.)40
b(This)27 b(mec)m(ha-)150 1334 y(nism)e(is)h(similar)g(to)g
Fq(\014lename)g(expansion)f Ft(\(see)i(Section)f(3.5.8)i([Filename)f
(Expansion],)f(page)h(24\),)h(but)150 1443 y(the)36 b(\014le)f(names)h
(generated)g(need)f(not)h(exist.)57 b(P)m(atterns)36
b(to)g(b)s(e)f(brace)h(expanded)e(tak)m(e)j(the)f(form)f(of)150
1553 y(an)29 b(optional)i Fq(pream)m(ble)5 b Ft(,)30
b(follo)m(w)m(ed)i(b)m(y)d(either)h(a)g(series)g(of)g(comma-separated)h
(strings)e(or)h(a)g(seqeunce)150 1663 y(expression)36
b(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)g(a)g(pair)g(of)g(braces,)i(follo)m(w)m(ed)f(b)m(y)f
(an)g(optional)h Fq(p)s(ostscript)r Ft(.)56 b(The)36
b(pream)m(ble)g(is)150 1772 y(pre\014xed)28 b(to)h(eac)m(h)h(string)f
(con)m(tained)h(within)e(the)h(braces,)g(and)g(the)g(p)s(ostscript)f
(is)h(then)f(app)s(ended)f(to)150 1882 y(eac)m(h)32 b(resulting)e
(string,)h(expanding)e(left)j(to)f(righ)m(t.)275 2019
y(Brace)37 b(expansions)f(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(nested.)59
b(The)36 b(results)g(of)h(eac)m(h)g(expanded)f(string)g(are)h(not)g
(sorted;)150 2129 y(left)31 b(to)g(righ)m(t)g(order)f(is)g(preserv)m
(ed.)41 b(F)-8 b(or)31 b(example,)390 2267 y Fs(bash$)46
b(echo)h(a{d,c,b}e)390 2376 y(ade)g(ace)g(abe)275 2514
y Ft(A)20 b(sequence)h(expression)g(tak)m(es)h(the)f(form)f
Fs({)p Fi(x)11 b Fs(..)p Fi(y)g Fs([..)p Fi(incr)g Fs(]})p
Ft(,)18 b(where)i Fq(x)27 b Ft(and)20 b Fq(y)28 b Ft(are)22
b(either)f(in)m(tegers)150 2623 y(or)42 b(single)h(c)m(haracters,)j
(and)c Fq(incr)7 b Ft(,)44 b(an)e(optional)h(incremen)m(t,)j(is)c(an)g
(in)m(teger.)77 b(When)41 b(in)m(tegers)j(are)150 2733
y(supplied,)e(the)f(expression)g(expands)f(to)h(eac)m(h)h(n)m(um)m(b)s
(er)e(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)h Fq(x)47 b Ft(and)40 b Fq(y)8
b Ft(,)44 b(inclusiv)m(e.)73 b(Supplied)150 2842 y(in)m(tegers)33
b(ma)m(y)e(b)s(e)g(pre\014xed)f(with)h(`)p Fs(0)p Ft(')h(to)g(force)g
(eac)m(h)g(term)g(to)g(ha)m(v)m(e)g(the)g(same)g(width.)42
b(When)31 b(either)150 2952 y Fq(x)43 b Ft(or)36 b Fq(y)44
b Ft(b)s(egins)36 b(with)g(a)h(zero,)i(the)e(shell)g(attempts)g(to)g
(force)g(all)h(generated)f(terms)g(to)g(con)m(tain)h(the)150
3062 y(same)e(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)i(digits,)i(zero-padding)d(where)h
(necessary)-8 b(.)57 b(When)35 b(c)m(haracters)i(are)f(supplied,)g(the)
150 3171 y(expression)h(expands)f(to)i(eac)m(h)g(c)m(haracter)g
(lexicographically)i(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)e Fq(x)43 b Ft(and)37
b Fq(y)8 b Ft(,)38 b(inclusiv)m(e.)62 b(Note)150 3281
y(that)30 b(b)s(oth)e Fq(x)35 b Ft(and)28 b Fq(y)37 b
Ft(m)m(ust)29 b(b)s(e)f(of)h(the)g(same)g(t)m(yp)s(e.)41
b(When)28 b(the)i(incremen)m(t)f(is)g(supplied,)f(it)i(is)f(used)f(as)
150 3390 y(the)j(di\013erence)f(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)h(eac)m(h)h(term.)41
b(The)30 b(default)g(incremen)m(t)h(is)g(1)f(or)h(-1)g(as)f
(appropriate.)275 3528 y(Brace)36 b(expansion)g(is)f(p)s(erformed)f(b)s
(efore)h(an)m(y)h(other)g(expansions,)h(and)e(an)m(y)g(c)m(haracters)i
(sp)s(ecial)150 3638 y(to)32 b(other)g(expansions)g(are)g(preserv)m(ed)
f(in)h(the)f(result.)45 b(It)32 b(is)g(strictly)g(textual.)46
b(Bash)32 b(do)s(es)f(not)h(apply)150 3747 y(an)m(y)27
b(syn)m(tactic)i(in)m(terpretation)g(to)f(the)f(con)m(text)i(of)e(the)g
(expansion)g(or)g(the)h(text)g(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)f(the)h(braces.)150
3857 y(T)-8 b(o)37 b(a)m(v)m(oid)g(con\015icts)g(with)f(parameter)h
(expansion,)g(the)g(string)f(`)p Fs(${)p Ft(')g(is)g(not)g(considered)g
(eligible)i(for)150 3966 y(brace)31 b(expansion.)275
4104 y(A)e(correctly-formed)i(brace)f(expansion)f(m)m(ust)h(con)m(tain)
h(unquoted)e(op)s(ening)g(and)g(closing)i(braces,)150
4214 y(and)h(at)i(least)g(one)f(unquoted)g(comma)g(or)g(a)h(v)-5
b(alid)33 b(sequence)g(expression.)48 b(An)m(y)33 b(incorrectly)h
(formed)150 4323 y(brace)d(expansion)f(is)g(left)h(unc)m(hanged.)275
4461 y(A)25 b Fs({)g Ft(or)g(`)p Fs(,)p Ft(')g(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(quoted)
g(with)g(a)h(bac)m(kslash)f(to)h(prev)m(en)m(t)g(its)g(b)s(eing)f
(considered)g(part)g(of)g(a)h(brace)150 4570 y(expression.)51
b(T)-8 b(o)34 b(a)m(v)m(oid)i(con\015icts)e(with)g(parameter)g
(expansion,)h(the)f(string)g(`)p Fs(${)p Ft(')g(is)g(not)g(considered)
150 4680 y(eligible)e(for)e(brace)h(expansion.)275 4818
y(This)f(construct)h(is)g(t)m(ypically)i(used)d(as)h(shorthand)f(when)g
(the)h(common)g(pre\014x)f(of)h(the)g(strings)g(to)150
4927 y(b)s(e)f(generated)h(is)g(longer)g(than)f(in)g(the)g(ab)s(o)m(v)m
(e)i(example:)390 5065 y Fs(mkdir)46 b(/usr/local/src/bash/{old,n)o
(ew,)o(dist)o(,bug)o(s})275 5202 y Ft(or)390 5340 y Fs(chown)g(root)h
(/usr/{ucb/{ex,edit},lib/)o({ex?)o(.?*,)o(how)o(_ex})o(})p
eop end
%%Page: 19 25
TeXDict begin 19 24 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(19)150 299
y Fj(3.5.2)63 b(Tilde)41 b(Expansion)150 446 y Ft(If)29
b(a)h(w)m(ord)g(b)s(egins)f(with)g(an)h(unquoted)f(tilde)h(c)m
(haracter)h(\(`)p Fs(~)p Ft('\),)g(all)g(of)f(the)g(c)m(haracters)h(up)
d(to)j(the)f(\014rst)150 555 y(unquoted)23 b(slash)h(\(or)h(all)g(c)m
(haracters,)i(if)d(there)g(is)h(no)f(unquoted)f(slash\))h(are)h
(considered)f(a)g Fq(tilde-pre\014x)6 b Ft(.)150 665
y(If)38 b(none)g(of)g(the)h(c)m(haracters)g(in)f(the)h(tilde-pre\014x)f
(are)h(quoted,)h(the)f(c)m(haracters)h(in)d(the)i(tilde-pre\014x)150
775 y(follo)m(wing)28 b(the)f(tilde)g(are)g(treated)h(as)f(a)g(p)s
(ossible)f Fq(login)i(name)5 b Ft(.)40 b(If)26 b(this)g(login)i(name)f
(is)f(the)h(n)m(ull)g(string,)150 884 y(the)35 b(tilde)g(is)g(replaced)
g(with)f(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)35 b(of)g(the)g Fs(HOME)e
Ft(shell)i(v)-5 b(ariable.)54 b(If)34 b Fs(HOME)g Ft(is)h(unset,)g(the)
g(home)150 994 y(directory)e(of)g(the)f(user)g(executing)i(the)e(shell)
h(is)f(substituted)g(instead.)47 b(Otherwise,)33 b(the)g
(tilde-pre\014x)150 1103 y(is)d(replaced)h(with)f(the)h(home)f
(directory)h(asso)s(ciated)h(with)e(the)h(sp)s(eci\014ed)e(login)j
(name.)275 1235 y(If)g(the)h(tilde-pre\014x)f(is)h(`)p
Fs(~+)p Ft(',)g(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)33 b(of)g(the)g(shell)g(v)-5
b(ariable)34 b Fs(PWD)d Ft(replaces)j(the)f(tilde-pre\014x.)47
b(If)150 1344 y(the)31 b(tilde-pre\014x)f(is)g(`)p Fs(~-)p
Ft(',)h(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(of)g(the)f(shell)h(v)-5
b(ariable)31 b Fs(OLDPWD)p Ft(,)e(if)h(it)h(is)g(set,)g(is)f
(substituted.)275 1476 y(If)e(the)i(c)m(haracters)g(follo)m(wing)h(the)
e(tilde)h(in)f(the)g(tilde-pre\014x)h(consist)f(of)h(a)f(n)m(um)m(b)s
(er)f Fq(N)10 b Ft(,)30 b(optionally)150 1585 y(pre\014xed)22
b(b)m(y)h(a)h(`)p Fs(+)p Ft(')f(or)h(a)f(`)p Fs(-)p Ft(',)j(the)d
(tilde-pre\014x)g(is)h(replaced)f(with)g(the)h(corresp)s(onding)e
(elemen)m(t)j(from)e(the)150 1695 y(directory)36 b(stac)m(k,)i(as)e(it)
g(w)m(ould)f(b)s(e)g(displa)m(y)m(ed)h(b)m(y)g(the)f
Fs(dirs)g Ft(builtin)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)i(with)e(the)g(c)m(haracters)
150 1804 y(follo)m(wing)40 b(tilde)f(in)g(the)f(tilde-pre\014x)h(as)g
(an)f(argumen)m(t)h(\(see)h(Section)f(6.8)h([The)e(Directory)i(Stac)m
(k],)150 1914 y(page)c(81\).)57 b(If)35 b(the)g(tilde-pre\014x,)i(sans)
e(the)h(tilde,)h(consists)f(of)g(a)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(without)i(a)f
(leading)h(`)p Fs(+)p Ft(')g(or)150 2024 y(`)p Fs(-)p
Ft(',)31 b(`)p Fs(+)p Ft(')f(is)h(assumed.)275 2155 y(If)e(the)i(login)
g(name)g(is)f(in)m(v)-5 b(alid,)31 b(or)g(the)f(tilde)h(expansion)f
(fails,)i(the)e(w)m(ord)g(is)h(left)g(unc)m(hanged.)275
2286 y(Eac)m(h)38 b(v)-5 b(ariable)38 b(assignmen)m(t)h(is)e(c)m(hec)m
(k)m(ed)j(for)d(unquoted)g(tilde-pre\014xes)h(immediately)g(follo)m
(wing)150 2396 y(a)d(`)p Fs(:)p Ft(')g(or)g(the)g(\014rst)f(`)p
Fs(=)p Ft('.)54 b(In)34 b(these)h(cases,)i(tilde)e(expansion)g(is)g
(also)h(p)s(erformed.)52 b(Consequen)m(tly)-8 b(,)37
b(one)150 2505 y(ma)m(y)27 b(use)e(\014le)h(names)g(with)g(tildes)g(in)
g(assignmen)m(ts)h(to)g Fs(PATH)p Ft(,)f Fs(MAILPATH)p
Ft(,)e(and)i Fs(CDPATH)p Ft(,)f(and)h(the)g(shell)150
2615 y(assigns)31 b(the)f(expanded)g(v)-5 b(alue.)275
2746 y(The)29 b(follo)m(wing)j(table)g(sho)m(ws)e(ho)m(w)g(Bash)h
(treats)g(unquoted)e(tilde-pre\014xes:)150 2899 y Fs(~)432
b Ft(The)30 b(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(of)f Fs($HOME)150 3052
y(~/foo)240 b Ft(`)p Fs($HOME/foo)p Ft(')150 3205 y Fs(~fred/foo)630
3315 y Ft(The)30 b(sub)s(directory)f Fs(foo)h Ft(of)g(the)h(home)f
(directory)h(of)g(the)f(user)g Fs(fred)150 3468 y(~+/foo)192
b Ft(`)p Fs($PWD/foo)p Ft(')150 3621 y Fs(~-/foo)g Ft(`)p
Fs(${OLDPWD-'~-'}/foo)p Ft(')150 3774 y Fs(~)p Fi(N)384
b Ft(The)30 b(string)g(that)h(w)m(ould)f(b)s(e)g(displa)m(y)m(ed)h(b)m
(y)f(`)p Fs(dirs)g(+)p Fi(N)11 b Ft(')150 3927 y Fs(~+)p
Fi(N)336 b Ft(The)30 b(string)g(that)h(w)m(ould)f(b)s(e)g(displa)m(y)m
(ed)h(b)m(y)f(`)p Fs(dirs)g(+)p Fi(N)11 b Ft(')150 4080
y Fs(~-)p Fi(N)336 b Ft(The)30 b(string)g(that)h(w)m(ould)f(b)s(e)g
(displa)m(y)m(ed)h(b)m(y)f(`)p Fs(dirs)g(-)p Fi(N)11
b Ft(')150 4273 y Fj(3.5.3)63 b(Shell)41 b(P)m(arameter)f(Expansion)150
4420 y Ft(The)g(`)p Fs($)p Ft(')h(c)m(haracter)i(in)m(tro)s(duces)d
(parameter)h(expansion,)j(command)d(substitution,)i(or)e(arithmetic)150
4529 y(expansion.)d(The)22 b(parameter)h(name)f(or)g(sym)m(b)s(ol)h(to)
g(b)s(e)e(expanded)h(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(enclosed)h(in)f(braces,)i(whic)m
(h)150 4639 y(are)31 b(optional)g(but)f(serv)m(e)h(to)h(protect)f(the)g
(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(to)g(b)s(e)f(expanded)g(from)g(c)m(haracters)i
(immediately)150 4749 y(follo)m(wing)g(it)f(whic)m(h)f(could)g(b)s(e)g
(in)m(terpreted)h(as)f(part)h(of)f(the)h(name.)275 4880
y(When)44 b(braces)i(are)f(used,)j(the)e(matc)m(hing)g(ending)f(brace)g
(is)g(the)g(\014rst)g(`)p Fs(})p Ft(')g(not)g(escap)s(ed)h(b)m(y)f(a)
150 4989 y(bac)m(kslash)40 b(or)f(within)g(a)g(quoted)g(string,)j(and)c
(not)i(within)e(an)h(em)m(b)s(edded)f(arithmetic)j(expansion,)150
5099 y(command)30 b(substitution,)g(or)h(parameter)g(expansion.)275
5230 y(The)40 b(basic)h(form)g(of)g(parameter)h(expansion)e(is)h($)p
Fs({)p Fq(parameter)7 b Fs(})p Ft(.)73 b(The)40 b(v)-5
b(alue)42 b(of)f Fq(parameter)48 b Ft(is)150 5340 y(substituted.)43
b(The)31 b(braces)g(are)h(required)e(when)h Fq(parameter)38
b Ft(is)31 b(a)h(p)s(ositional)g(parameter)g(with)f(more)p
eop end
%%Page: 20 26
TeXDict begin 20 25 bop 150 -116 a Ft(20)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y(than)h(one)g(digit,)i(or)e(when)g
Fq(parameter)39 b Ft(is)32 b(follo)m(w)m(ed)i(b)m(y)e(a)h(c)m(haracter)
h(that)e(is)h(not)f(to)h(b)s(e)f(in)m(terpreted)150 408
y(as)f(part)f(of)g(its)h(name.)275 553 y(If)c(the)g(\014rst)g(c)m
(haracter)i(of)f Fq(parameter)35 b Ft(is)27 b(an)h(exclamation)i(p)s
(oin)m(t)d(\(!\),)i(a)f(lev)m(el)i(of)d(v)-5 b(ariable)29
b(indirec-)150 663 y(tion)e(is)f(in)m(tro)s(duced.)39
b(Bash)27 b(uses)e(the)i(v)-5 b(alue)27 b(of)f(the)h(v)-5
b(ariable)27 b(formed)f(from)g(the)g(rest)h(of)f Fq(parameter)34
b Ft(as)150 772 y(the)e(name)h(of)f(the)h(v)-5 b(ariable;)34
b(this)e(v)-5 b(ariable)33 b(is)g(then)f(expanded)f(and)h(that)h(v)-5
b(alue)32 b(is)h(used)e(in)h(the)h(rest)150 882 y(of)h(the)f
(substitution,)i(rather)e(than)g(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)34
b(of)g Fq(parameter)40 b Ft(itself.)51 b(This)33 b(is)g(kno)m(wn)g(as)h
Fs(indirect)150 991 y(expansion)p Ft(.)45 b(The)32 b(exceptions)i(to)g
(this)e(are)h(the)g(expansions)g(of)g($)p Fs({)p Ft(!)p
Fq(pre\014x*)8 b Fs(})31 b Ft(and)i($)p Fs({)p Ft(!)p
Fq(name)5 b Ft([)p Fs(@)p Ft(])p Fs(})33 b Ft(de-)150
1101 y(scrib)s(ed)h(b)s(elo)m(w.)56 b(The)35 b(exclamation)j(p)s(oin)m
(t)d(m)m(ust)g(immediately)i(follo)m(w)g(the)e(left)i(brace)e(in)g
(order)g(to)150 1210 y(in)m(tro)s(duce)30 b(indirection.)275
1355 y(In)39 b(eac)m(h)i(of)g(the)f(cases)h(b)s(elo)m(w,)i
Fq(w)m(ord)h Ft(is)c(sub)5 b(ject)40 b(to)h(tilde)f(expansion,)j
(parameter)e(expansion,)150 1465 y(command)30 b(substitution,)g(and)g
(arithmetic)i(expansion.)275 1609 y(When)h(not)h(p)s(erforming)e
(substring)h(expansion,)h(using)f(the)h(form)f(describ)s(ed)g(b)s(elo)m
(w,)h(Bash)g(tests)150 1719 y(for)44 b(a)i(parameter)f(that)g(is)g
(unset)f(or)h(n)m(ull.)84 b(Omitting)45 b(the)g(colon)h(results)e(in)g
(a)i(test)f(only)g(for)g(a)150 1828 y(parameter)36 b(that)f(is)g
(unset.)55 b(Put)34 b(another)i(w)m(a)m(y)-8 b(,)38 b(if)d(the)g(colon)
h(is)f(included,)h(the)f(op)s(erator)g(tests)h(for)150
1938 y(b)s(oth)22 b Fq(parameter)7 b Ft('s)22 b(existence)i(and)e(that)
h(its)g(v)-5 b(alue)23 b(is)g(not)f(n)m(ull;)k(if)c(the)h(colon)g(is)g
(omitted,)i(the)e(op)s(erator)150 2047 y(tests)31 b(only)g(for)f
(existence.)150 2222 y Fs(${)p Fi(parameter)11 b Fs(:)p
Fp(\000)p Fi(word)g Fs(})630 2331 y Ft(If)30 b Fq(parameter)37
b Ft(is)30 b(unset)g(or)h(n)m(ull,)f(the)h(expansion)f(of)g
Fq(w)m(ord)k Ft(is)c(substituted.)40 b(Otherwise,)630
2441 y(the)31 b(v)-5 b(alue)30 b(of)h Fq(parameter)37
b Ft(is)31 b(substituted.)150 2610 y Fs(${)p Fi(parameter)11
b Fs(:=)p Fi(word)g Fs(})630 2720 y Ft(If)32 b Fq(parameter)40
b Ft(is)32 b(unset)g(or)h(n)m(ull,)g(the)f(expansion)h(of)f
Fq(w)m(ord)k Ft(is)d(assigned)f(to)i Fq(parameter)7 b
Ft(.)630 2829 y(The)30 b(v)-5 b(alue)32 b(of)f Fq(parameter)38
b Ft(is)31 b(then)g(substituted.)42 b(P)m(ositional)33
b(parameters)e(and)f(sp)s(ecial)630 2939 y(parameters)h(ma)m(y)g(not)f
(b)s(e)g(assigned)h(to)g(in)f(this)g(w)m(a)m(y)-8 b(.)150
3108 y Fs(${)p Fi(parameter)11 b Fs(:?)p Fi(word)g Fs(})630
3218 y Ft(If)26 b Fq(parameter)33 b Ft(is)26 b(n)m(ull)g(or)g(unset,)h
(the)f(expansion)g(of)g Fq(w)m(ord)k Ft(\(or)c(a)h(message)g(to)g(that)
f(e\013ect)630 3328 y(if)i Fq(w)m(ord)j Ft(is)d(not)g(presen)m(t\))h
(is)f(written)g(to)h(the)f(standard)f(error)h(and)f(the)h(shell,)h(if)f
(it)h(is)f(not)630 3437 y(in)m(teractiv)m(e,)33 b(exits.)42
b(Otherwise,)30 b(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(of)f Fq(parameter)38
b Ft(is)30 b(substituted.)150 3606 y Fs(${)p Fi(parameter)11
b Fs(:+)p Fi(word)g Fs(})630 3716 y Ft(If)35 b Fq(parameter)42
b Ft(is)36 b(n)m(ull)f(or)h(unset,)g(nothing)g(is)f(substituted,)i
(otherwise)e(the)h(expansion)630 3826 y(of)31 b Fq(w)m(ord)i
Ft(is)e(substituted.)150 3995 y Fs(${)p Fi(parameter)11
b Fs(:)p Fi(offset)g Fs(})150 4105 y(${)p Fi(parameter)g
Fs(:)p Fi(offset)g Fs(:)p Fi(le)o(ngt)o(h)g Fs(})630
4214 y Ft(Expands)44 b(to)i(up)e(to)i Fq(length)g Ft(c)m(haracters)h
(of)e Fq(parameter)53 b Ft(starting)46 b(at)g(the)f(c)m(haracter)630
4324 y(sp)s(eci\014ed)30 b(b)m(y)g Fq(o\013set)r Ft(.)43
b(If)30 b Fq(length)h Ft(is)g(omitted,)g(expands)f(to)h(the)g
(substring)f(of)g Fq(parameter)630 4433 y Ft(starting)38
b(at)g(the)f(c)m(haracter)i(sp)s(eci\014ed)d(b)m(y)h
Fq(o\013set)r Ft(.)62 b Fq(length)38 b Ft(and)e Fq(o\013set)k
Ft(are)e(arithmetic)630 4543 y(expressions)30 b(\(see)i(Section)g(6.5)g
([Shell)f(Arithmetic],)h(page)g(78\).)43 b(This)30 b(is)h(referred)f
(to)i(as)630 4653 y(Substring)d(Expansion.)630 4792 y
Fq(length)j Ft(m)m(ust)f(ev)-5 b(aluate)33 b(to)f(a)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e
(greater)i(than)f(or)g(equal)h(to)g(zero.)45 b(If)30
b Fq(o\013set)35 b Ft(ev)-5 b(al-)630 4902 y(uates)36
b(to)h(a)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(less)i(than)f(zero,)j(the)e(v)-5
b(alue)36 b(is)g(used)f(as)g(an)h(o\013set)h(from)e(the)h(end)630
5011 y(of)h(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)38 b(of)f Fq(parameter)7
b Ft(.)61 b(If)36 b Fq(parameter)44 b Ft(is)37 b(`)p
Fs(@)p Ft(',)i(the)f(result)f(is)g Fq(length)g Ft(p)s(ositional)630
5121 y(parameters)i(b)s(eginning)f(at)i Fq(o\013set)r
Ft(.)67 b(If)39 b Fq(parameter)45 b Ft(is)39 b(an)g(indexed)g(arra)m(y)
g(name)g(sub-)630 5230 y(scripted)34 b(b)m(y)g(`)p Fs(@)p
Ft(')g(or)g(`)p Fs(*)p Ft(',)h(the)f(result)g(is)g(the)g
Fq(length)h Ft(mem)m(b)s(ers)e(of)h(the)g(arra)m(y)h(b)s(eginning)630
5340 y(with)25 b Fs(${)p Fi(parameter)11 b Fs([)p Fi(offset)g
Fs(]})p Ft(.)33 b(A)25 b(negativ)m(e)j Fq(o\013set)g
Ft(is)e(tak)m(en)g(relativ)m(e)i(to)e(one)g(greater)p
eop end
%%Page: 21 27
TeXDict begin 21 26 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(21)630 299
y(than)26 b(the)h(maxim)m(um)f(index)g(of)g(the)h(sp)s(eci\014ed)f
(arra)m(y)-8 b(.)40 b(Substring)25 b(expansion)h(applied)g(to)630
408 y(an)k(asso)s(ciativ)m(e)j(arra)m(y)e(pro)s(duces)e(unde\014ned)f
(results.)630 548 y(Note)37 b(that)f(a)g(negativ)m(e)i(o\013set)f(m)m
(ust)f(b)s(e)f(separated)h(from)f(the)h(colon)h(b)m(y)e(at)i(least)g
(one)630 658 y(space)g(to)g(a)m(v)m(oid)g(b)s(eing)f(confused)f(with)h
(the)h(`)p Fs(:-)p Ft(')f(expansion.)57 b(Substring)35
b(indexing)h(is)630 767 y(zero-based)24 b(unless)f(the)h(p)s(ositional)
g(parameters)g(are)g(used,)g(in)g(whic)m(h)f(case)h(the)g(indexing)630
877 y(starts)30 b(at)g(1)f(b)m(y)h(default.)40 b(If)29
b Fq(o\013set)j Ft(is)e(0,)g(and)f(the)g(p)s(ositional)h(parameters)g
(are)g(used,)f Fs($@)630 986 y Ft(is)h(pre\014xed)g(to)h(the)f(list.)
150 1156 y Fs(${!)p Fi(prefix)11 b Fs(*})150 1265 y(${!)p
Fi(prefix)g Fs(@})630 1375 y Ft(Expands)23 b(to)i(the)g(names)f(of)h(v)
-5 b(ariables)25 b(whose)f(names)g(b)s(egin)g(with)g
Fq(pre\014x)6 b Ft(,)25 b(separated)g(b)m(y)630 1484
y(the)k(\014rst)f(c)m(haracter)j(of)e(the)g Fs(IFS)f
Ft(sp)s(ecial)i(v)-5 b(ariable.)41 b(When)29 b(`)p Fs(@)p
Ft(')g(is)g(used)f(and)h(the)g(expan-)630 1594 y(sion)35
b(app)s(ears)g(within)f(double)h(quotes,)i(eac)m(h)f(v)-5
b(ariable)36 b(name)f(expands)g(to)g(a)h(separate)630
1704 y(w)m(ord.)150 1873 y Fs(${!)p Fi(name)11 b Fs([@]})150
1983 y(${!)p Fi(name)g Fs([*]})630 2092 y Ft(If)26 b
Fq(name)32 b Ft(is)27 b(an)f(arra)m(y)h(v)-5 b(ariable,)29
b(expands)d(to)h(the)g(list)g(of)g(arra)m(y)g(indices)g(\(k)m(eys\))h
(assigned)630 2202 y(in)c Fq(name)5 b Ft(.)39 b(If)23
b Fq(name)30 b Ft(is)24 b(not)g(an)g(arra)m(y)-8 b(,)27
b(expands)c(to)i(0)f(if)h Fq(name)k Ft(is)24 b(set)h(and)e(n)m(ull)h
(otherwise.)630 2311 y(When)39 b(`)p Fs(@)p Ft(')h(is)f(used)g(and)f
(the)i(expansion)f(app)s(ears)g(within)f(double)h(quotes,)k(eac)m(h)d
(k)m(ey)630 2421 y(expands)30 b(to)h(a)f(separate)i(w)m(ord.)150
2590 y Fs(${#)p Fi(parameter)11 b Fs(})630 2700 y Ft(The)40
b(length)g(in)g(c)m(haracters)i(of)e(the)h(expanded)e(v)-5
b(alue)41 b(of)f Fq(parameter)47 b Ft(is)40 b(substituted.)630
2809 y(If)i Fq(parameter)50 b Ft(is)43 b(`)p Fs(*)p Ft(')g(or)g(`)p
Fs(@)p Ft(',)k(the)c(v)-5 b(alue)43 b(substituted)f(is)h(the)g(n)m(um)m
(b)s(er)f(of)h(p)s(ositional)630 2919 y(parameters.)i(If)32
b Fq(parameter)38 b Ft(is)32 b(an)g(arra)m(y)g(name)g(subscripted)f(b)m
(y)g(`)p Fs(*)p Ft(')h(or)g(`)p Fs(@)p Ft(',)g(the)g(v)-5
b(alue)630 3029 y(substituted)30 b(is)g(the)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)h
(elemen)m(ts)i(in)e(the)h(arra)m(y)-8 b(.)150 3198 y
Fs(${)p Fi(parameter)11 b Fs(#)p Fi(word)g Fs(})150 3308
y(${)p Fi(parameter)g Fs(##)p Fi(word)g Fs(})630 3417
y Ft(The)31 b Fq(w)m(ord)k Ft(is)d(expanded)f(to)i(pro)s(duce)e(a)h
(pattern)g(just)f(as)i(in)e(\014lename)h(expansion)g(\(see)630
3527 y(Section)k(3.5.8)h([Filename)g(Expansion],)g(page)f(24\).)56
b(If)35 b(the)h(pattern)f(matc)m(hes)i(the)e(b)s(e-)630
3636 y(ginning)g(of)g(the)g(expanded)f(v)-5 b(alue)36
b(of)f Fq(parameter)7 b Ft(,)36 b(then)f(the)g(result)g(of)g(the)g
(expansion)630 3746 y(is)28 b(the)g(expanded)e(v)-5 b(alue)28
b(of)g Fq(parameter)35 b Ft(with)27 b(the)h(shortest)g(matc)m(hing)h
(pattern)f(\(the)g(`)p Fs(#)p Ft(')630 3856 y(case\))e(or)f(the)g
(longest)g(matc)m(hing)h(pattern)f(\(the)g(`)p Fs(##)p
Ft(')g(case\))h(deleted.)39 b(If)24 b Fq(parameter)32
b Ft(is)25 b(`)p Fs(@)p Ft(')630 3965 y(or)j(`)p Fs(*)p
Ft(',)i(the)e(pattern)h(remo)m(v)-5 b(al)29 b(op)s(eration)g(is)f
(applied)h(to)g(eac)m(h)g(p)s(ositional)g(parameter)g(in)630
4075 y(turn,)i(and)g(the)h(expansion)g(is)g(the)g(resultan)m(t)g(list.)
45 b(If)32 b Fq(parameter)38 b Ft(is)32 b(an)g(arra)m(y)g(v)-5
b(ariable)630 4184 y(subscripted)39 b(with)g(`)p Fs(@)p
Ft(')h(or)g(`)p Fs(*)p Ft(',)j(the)d(pattern)h(remo)m(v)-5
b(al)41 b(op)s(eration)f(is)g(applied)g(to)h(eac)m(h)630
4294 y(mem)m(b)s(er)30 b(of)g(the)h(arra)m(y)g(in)f(turn,)f(and)h(the)h
(expansion)f(is)g(the)h(resultan)m(t)g(list.)150 4463
y Fs(${)p Fi(parameter)11 b Fs(\045)p Fi(word)g Fs(})150
4573 y(${)p Fi(parameter)g Fs(\045\045)p Fi(word)g Fs(})630
4682 y Ft(The)35 b Fq(w)m(ord)k Ft(is)c(expanded)g(to)h(pro)s(duce)e(a)
i(pattern)f(just)g(as)h(in)f(\014lename)h(expansion.)55
b(If)630 4792 y(the)43 b(pattern)f(matc)m(hes)i(a)e(trailing)i(p)s
(ortion)e(of)g(the)h(expanded)e(v)-5 b(alue)43 b(of)g
Fq(parameter)7 b Ft(,)630 4902 y(then)39 b(the)g(result)g(of)h(the)f
(expansion)g(is)h(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)40 b(of)f Fq(parameter)46
b Ft(with)39 b(the)h(shortest)630 5011 y(matc)m(hing)31
b(pattern)e(\(the)h(`)p Fs(\045)p Ft(')g(case\))h(or)e(the)h(longest)h
(matc)m(hing)f(pattern)g(\(the)g(`)p Fs(\045\045)p Ft(')g(case\))630
5121 y(deleted.)49 b(If)32 b Fq(parameter)40 b Ft(is)33
b(`)p Fs(@)p Ft(')g(or)g(`)p Fs(*)p Ft(',)h(the)f(pattern)g(remo)m(v)-5
b(al)34 b(op)s(eration)g(is)f(applied)f(to)630 5230 y(eac)m(h)38
b(p)s(ositional)g(parameter)g(in)f(turn,)h(and)e(the)h(expansion)g(is)h
(the)f(resultan)m(t)h(list.)61 b(If)630 5340 y Fq(parameter)38
b Ft(is)32 b(an)f(arra)m(y)h(v)-5 b(ariable)32 b(subscripted)e(with)h
(`)p Fs(@)p Ft(')g(or)h(`)p Fs(*)p Ft(',)g(the)f(pattern)h(remo)m(v)-5
b(al)p eop end
%%Page: 22 28
TeXDict begin 22 27 bop 150 -116 a Ft(22)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)630 299 y(op)s(eration)f(is)g(applied)f(to)i
(eac)m(h)g(mem)m(b)s(er)e(of)h(the)g(arra)m(y)g(in)f(turn,)g(and)g(the)
h(expansion)g(is)630 408 y(the)h(resultan)m(t)g(list.)150
579 y Fs(${)p Fi(parameter)11 b Fs(/)p Fi(pattern)g Fs(/)p
Fi(s)o(tri)o(ng)f Fs(})630 688 y Ft(The)37 b Fq(pattern)g
Ft(is)g(expanded)g(to)h(pro)s(duce)e(a)h(pattern)g(just)g(as)h(in)e
(\014lename)i(expansion.)630 798 y Fq(P)m(arameter)46
b Ft(is)38 b(expanded)f(and)g(the)i(longest)g(matc)m(h)g(of)f
Fq(pattern)g Ft(against)h(its)f(v)-5 b(alue)39 b(is)630
908 y(replaced)33 b(with)f Fq(string)8 b Ft(.)47 b(If)33
b Fq(pattern)f Ft(b)s(egins)g(with)h(`)p Fs(/)p Ft(',)g(all)h(matc)m
(hes)f(of)g Fq(pattern)g Ft(are)g(re-)630 1017 y(placed)27
b(with)f Fq(string)8 b Ft(.)40 b(Normally)27 b(only)g(the)g(\014rst)f
(matc)m(h)h(is)g(replaced.)40 b(If)26 b Fq(pattern)g
Ft(b)s(egins)630 1127 y(with)33 b(`)p Fs(#)p Ft(',)i(it)f(m)m(ust)f
(matc)m(h)i(at)f(the)g(b)s(eginning)f(of)g(the)h(expanded)f(v)-5
b(alue)34 b(of)g Fq(parameter)7 b Ft(.)630 1236 y(If)34
b Fq(pattern)g Ft(b)s(egins)g(with)g(`)p Fs(\045)p Ft(',)h(it)g(m)m
(ust)f(matc)m(h)h(at)g(the)f(end)g(of)g(the)h(expanded)e(v)-5
b(alue)35 b(of)630 1346 y Fq(parameter)7 b Ft(.)40 b(If)29
b Fq(string)36 b Ft(is)29 b(n)m(ull,)h(matc)m(hes)g(of)f
Fq(pattern)g Ft(are)g(deleted)h(and)e(the)h Fs(/)f Ft(follo)m(wing)630
1455 y Fq(pattern)34 b Ft(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(omitted.)51
b(If)33 b Fq(parameter)41 b Ft(is)33 b(`)p Fs(@)p Ft(')h(or)g(`)p
Fs(*)p Ft(',)g(the)g(substitution)f(op)s(eration)630
1565 y(is)38 b(applied)g(to)g(eac)m(h)h(p)s(ositional)g(parameter)f(in)
g(turn,)h(and)e(the)h(expansion)g(is)g(the)g(re-)630
1675 y(sultan)m(t)f(list.)59 b(If)36 b Fq(parameter)43
b Ft(is)36 b(an)g(arra)m(y)h(v)-5 b(ariable)37 b(subscripted)e(with)h
(`)p Fs(@)p Ft(')g(or)h(`)p Fs(*)p Ft(',)h(the)630 1784
y(substitution)30 b(op)s(eration)h(is)f(applied)g(to)h(eac)m(h)g(mem)m
(b)s(er)f(of)g(the)h(arra)m(y)g(in)f(turn,)f(and)h(the)630
1894 y(expansion)g(is)h(the)f(resultan)m(t)h(list.)150
2064 y Fs(${)p Fi(parameter)11 b Fs(^)p Fi(pattern)g
Fs(})150 2174 y(${)p Fi(parameter)g Fs(^^)p Fi(pattern)g
Fs(})150 2283 y(${)p Fi(parameter)g Fs(,)p Fi(pattern)g
Fs(})150 2393 y(${)p Fi(parameter)g Fs(,,)p Fi(pattern)g
Fs(})630 2502 y Ft(This)35 b(expansion)h(mo)s(di\014es)f(the)h(case)h
(of)f(alphab)s(etic)h(c)m(haracters)g(in)f Fq(parameter)7
b Ft(.)57 b(The)630 2612 y Fq(pattern)36 b Ft(is)f(expanded)g(to)h(pro)
s(duce)e(a)i(pattern)g(just)f(as)h(in)f(\014lename)g(expansion.)56
b(The)630 2722 y(`)p Fs(^)p Ft(')36 b(op)s(erator)g(con)m(v)m(erts)h
(lo)m(w)m(ercase)h(letters)f(matc)m(hing)g Fq(pattern)f
Ft(to)g(upp)s(ercase;)i(the)e(`)p Fs(,)p Ft(')630 2831
y(op)s(erator)g(con)m(v)m(erts)i(matc)m(hing)f(upp)s(ercase)e(letters)i
(to)g(lo)m(w)m(ercase.)59 b(The)36 b(`)p Fs(^^)p Ft(')g(and)f(`)p
Fs(,,)p Ft(')630 2941 y(expansions)c(con)m(v)m(ert)i(eac)m(h)g(matc)m
(hed)f(c)m(haracter)h(in)e(the)h(expanded)f(v)-5 b(alue;)32
b(the)g(`)p Fs(^)p Ft(')g(and)630 3050 y(`)p Fs(,)p Ft(')24
b(expansions)f(matc)m(h)i(and)e(con)m(v)m(ert)j(only)d(the)h(\014rst)f
(c)m(haracter)j(in)d(the)h(expanded)f(v)-5 b(alue.)630
3160 y(If)31 b Fq(pattern)g Ft(is)g(omitted,)i(it)f(is)f(treated)h(lik)
m(e)h(a)e(`)p Fs(?)p Ft(',)h(whic)m(h)f(matc)m(hes)i(ev)m(ery)f(c)m
(haracter.)44 b(If)630 3270 y Fq(parameter)37 b Ft(is)31
b(`)p Fs(@)p Ft(')f(or)h(`)p Fs(*)p Ft(',)f(the)h(case)g(mo)s
(di\014cation)g(op)s(eration)g(is)f(applied)g(to)i(eac)m(h)f(p)s(osi-)
630 3379 y(tional)26 b(parameter)e(in)h(turn,)f(and)g(the)h(expansion)f
(is)g(the)h(resultan)m(t)g(list.)40 b(If)23 b Fq(parameter)32
b Ft(is)630 3489 y(an)e(arra)m(y)g(v)-5 b(ariable)31
b(subscripted)d(with)i(`)p Fs(@)p Ft(')g(or)f(`)p Fs(*)p
Ft(',)i(the)f(case)g(mo)s(di\014cation)h(op)s(eration)f(is)630
3598 y(applied)d(to)g(eac)m(h)h(mem)m(b)s(er)e(of)h(the)g(arra)m(y)g
(in)g(turn,)g(and)f(the)h(expansion)f(is)h(the)g(resultan)m(t)630
3708 y(list.)150 3918 y Fj(3.5.4)63 b(Command)41 b(Substitution)150
4065 y Ft(Command)f(substitution)h(allo)m(ws)i(the)e(output)g(of)h(a)f
(command)g(to)h(replace)g(the)g(command)f(itself.)150
4175 y(Command)29 b(substitution)h(o)s(ccurs)h(when)e(a)i(command)f(is)
g(enclosed)h(as)g(follo)m(ws:)390 4320 y Fs($\()p Fi(command)11
b Fs(\))150 4465 y Ft(or)390 4611 y Fs(`)p Fi(command)g
Fs(`)150 4756 y Ft(Bash)45 b(p)s(erforms)f(the)h(expansion)f(b)m(y)h
(executing)i Fq(command)h Ft(and)c(replacing)i(the)f(command)g(sub-)150
4866 y(stitution)c(with)f(the)g(standard)g(output)g(of)g(the)g
(command,)j(with)d(an)m(y)h(trailing)g(newlines)f(deleted.)150
4975 y(Em)m(b)s(edded)30 b(newlines)h(are)h(not)f(deleted,)i(but)e
(they)g(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(remo)m(v)m(ed)i(during)d(w)m(ord)h(splitting.)
44 b(The)150 5085 y(command)21 b(substitution)g Fs($\(cat)29
b Fi(file)11 b Fs(\))20 b Ft(can)i(b)s(e)f(replaced)g(b)m(y)h(the)g
(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)22 b(but)f(faster)h Fs($\(<)30 b
Fi(file)11 b Fs(\))p Ft(.)275 5230 y(When)33 b(the)i(old-st)m(yle)h
(bac)m(kquote)f(form)f(of)g(substitution)g(is)g(used,)h(bac)m(kslash)f
(retains)h(its)f(literal)150 5340 y(meaning)k(except)h(when)e(follo)m
(w)m(ed)j(b)m(y)e(`)p Fs($)p Ft(',)j(`)p Fs(`)p Ft(',)f(or)e(`)p
Fs(\\)p Ft('.)64 b(The)38 b(\014rst)f(bac)m(kquote)j(not)e(preceded)g
(b)m(y)g(a)p eop end
%%Page: 23 29
TeXDict begin 23 28 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(23)150 299
y(bac)m(kslash)41 b(terminates)g(the)f(command)g(substitution.)69
b(When)40 b(using)g(the)g Fs($\()p Fi(command)11 b Fs(\))37
b Ft(form,)42 b(all)150 408 y(c)m(haracters)32 b(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)f
(the)f(paren)m(theses)h(mak)m(e)g(up)f(the)g(command;)h(none)f(are)h
(treated)g(sp)s(ecially)-8 b(.)275 543 y(Command)22 b(substitutions)g
(ma)m(y)i(b)s(e)e(nested.)39 b(T)-8 b(o)23 b(nest)g(when)f(using)h(the)
g(bac)m(kquoted)h(form,)g(escap)s(e)150 653 y(the)31
b(inner)e(bac)m(kquotes)j(with)e(bac)m(kslashes.)275
787 y(If)e(the)i(substitution)e(app)s(ears)h(within)g(double)f(quotes,)
i(w)m(ord)f(splitting)h(and)f(\014lename)g(expansion)150
897 y(are)i(not)f(p)s(erformed)f(on)h(the)h(results.)150
1096 y Fj(3.5.5)63 b(Arithmetic)40 b(Expansion)150 1243
y Ft(Arithmetic)25 b(expansion)g(allo)m(ws)g(the)g(ev)-5
b(aluation)26 b(of)f(an)f(arithmetic)i(expression)e(and)g(the)g
(substitution)150 1353 y(of)31 b(the)f(result.)41 b(The)30
b(format)g(for)g(arithmetic)i(expansion)e(is:)390 1488
y Fs($\(\()47 b Fi(expression)55 b Fs(\)\))275 1622 y
Ft(The)33 b(expression)g(is)h(treated)g(as)g(if)g(it)g(w)m(ere)g
(within)f(double)h(quotes,)h(but)e(a)h(double)f(quote)h(inside)150
1732 y(the)27 b(paren)m(theses)g(is)g(not)g(treated)h(sp)s(ecially)-8
b(.)41 b(All)27 b(tok)m(ens)h(in)e(the)h(expression)g(undergo)f
(parameter)h(ex-)150 1841 y(pansion,)h(command)f(substitution,)h(and)f
(quote)i(remo)m(v)-5 b(al.)41 b(Arithmetic)28 b(expansions)g(ma)m(y)g
(b)s(e)f(nested.)275 1976 y(The)34 b(ev)-5 b(aluation)37
b(is)f(p)s(erformed)e(according)i(to)g(the)g(rules)f(listed)h(b)s(elo)m
(w)g(\(see)g(Section)g(6.5)h([Shell)150 2086 y(Arithmetic],)32
b(page)f(78\).)42 b(If)30 b(the)h(expression)f(is)g(in)m(v)-5
b(alid,)32 b(Bash)e(prin)m(ts)g(a)h(message)g(indicating)h(failure)150
2195 y(to)f(the)g(standard)e(error)h(and)g(no)g(substitution)g(o)s
(ccurs.)150 2395 y Fj(3.5.6)63 b(Pro)s(cess)42 b(Substitution)150
2542 y Ft(Pro)s(cess)i(substitution)g(is)g(supp)s(orted)f(on)h(systems)
g(that)h(supp)s(ort)d(named)i(pip)s(es)f(\()p Fl(fif)n(o)p
Ft(s\))i(or)f(the)150 2651 y(`)p Fs(/dev/fd)p Ft(')29
b(metho)s(d)h(of)g(naming)g(op)s(en)g(\014les.)41 b(It)30
b(tak)m(es)i(the)f(form)f(of)390 2786 y Fs(<\()p Fi(list)11
b Fs(\))150 2921 y Ft(or)390 3055 y Fs(>\()p Fi(list)g
Fs(\))150 3190 y Ft(The)23 b(pro)s(cess)g Fq(list)j Ft(is)d(run)f(with)
h(its)h(input)f(or)g(output)g(connected)h(to)h(a)e Fl(fif)n(o)g
Ft(or)h(some)g(\014le)f(in)g(`)p Fs(/dev/fd)p Ft('.)150
3300 y(The)28 b(name)h(of)g(this)f(\014le)h(is)g(passed)f(as)h(an)f
(argumen)m(t)h(to)h(the)f(curren)m(t)f(command)h(as)f(the)h(result)g
(of)g(the)150 3409 y(expansion.)40 b(If)28 b(the)h Fs(>\()p
Fi(list)11 b Fs(\))26 b Ft(form)h(is)i(used,)f(writing)h(to)g(the)f
(\014le)h(will)g(pro)m(vide)f(input)g(for)g Fq(list)r
Ft(.)41 b(If)28 b(the)150 3519 y Fs(<\()p Fi(list)11
b Fs(\))23 b Ft(form)h(is)i(used,)f(the)h(\014le)f(passed)g(as)g(an)g
(argumen)m(t)h(should)e(b)s(e)h(read)g(to)h(obtain)g(the)f(output)g(of)
150 3628 y Fq(list)r Ft(.)41 b(Note)31 b(that)f(no)f(space)h(ma)m(y)g
(app)s(ear)f(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)h(the)g Fs(<)f Ft(or)h
Fs(>)f Ft(and)g(the)g(left)h(paren)m(thesis,)h(otherwise)150
3738 y(the)g(construct)f(w)m(ould)g(b)s(e)g(in)m(terpreted)h(as)f(a)h
(redirection.)275 3873 y(When)36 b(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable,)40
b(pro)s(cess)c(substitution)h(is)f(p)s(erformed)f(sim)m(ultaneously)i
(with)g(parameter)g(and)150 3982 y(v)-5 b(ariable)31
b(expansion,)g(command)f(substitution,)g(and)g(arithmetic)i(expansion.)
150 4182 y Fj(3.5.7)63 b(W)-10 b(ord)41 b(Splitting)150
4329 y Ft(The)30 b(shell)h(scans)g(the)g(results)f(of)h(parameter)g
(expansion,)g(command)g(substitution,)g(and)f(arithmetic)150
4438 y(expansion)g(that)h(did)f(not)g(o)s(ccur)h(within)e(double)h
(quotes)h(for)f(w)m(ord)g(splitting.)275 4573 y(The)43
b(shell)h(treats)h(eac)m(h)h(c)m(haracter)f(of)g Fs($IFS)e
Ft(as)h(a)g(delimiter,)49 b(and)43 b(splits)h(the)h(results)e(of)i(the)
150 4682 y(other)40 b(expansions)f(in)m(to)i(w)m(ords)e(on)h(these)g(c)
m(haracters.)70 b(If)39 b Fs(IFS)g Ft(is)h(unset,)i(or)d(its)h(v)-5
b(alue)40 b(is)g(exactly)150 4792 y Fs(<space><tab><newline>)p
Ft(,)26 b(the)32 b(default,)g(then)f(sequences)h(of)62
b Fs(<space>)p Ft(,)30 b Fs(<tab>)p Ft(,)h(and)f Fs(<newline>)150
4902 y Ft(at)39 b(the)f(b)s(eginning)g(and)f(end)h(of)g(the)h(results)f
(of)g(the)g(previous)g(expansions)g(are)g(ignored,)j(and)d(an)m(y)150
5011 y(sequence)31 b(of)g Fs(IFS)f Ft(c)m(haracters)j(not)e(at)g(the)g
(b)s(eginning)g(or)f(end)h(serv)m(es)g(to)h(delimit)f(w)m(ords.)42
b(If)30 b Fs(IFS)g Ft(has)150 5121 y(a)g(v)-5 b(alue)30
b(other)g(than)g(the)g(default,)g(then)f(sequences)h(of)g(the)g
(whitespace)g(c)m(haracters)h Fs(space)e Ft(and)g Fs(tab)150
5230 y Ft(are)36 b(ignored)g(at)g(the)g(b)s(eginning)f(and)g(end)g(of)h
(the)g(w)m(ord,)h(as)f(long)g(as)g(the)g(whitespace)h(c)m(haracter)g
(is)150 5340 y(in)f(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)36 b(of)g Fs(IFS)f
Ft(\(an)h Fs(IFS)f Ft(whitespace)h(c)m(haracter\).)60
b(An)m(y)35 b(c)m(haracter)j(in)d Fs(IFS)g Ft(that)i(is)f(not)g
Fs(IFS)p eop end
%%Page: 24 30
TeXDict begin 24 29 bop 150 -116 a Ft(24)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y(whitespace,)c(along)f(with)f(an)m(y)g
(adjacen)m(t)h Fs(IFS)e Ft(whitespace)i(c)m(haracters,)i(delimits)e(a)f
(\014eld.)38 b(A)26 b(sequence)150 408 y(of)35 b Fs(IFS)f
Ft(whitespace)h(c)m(haracters)i(is)d(also)i(treated)g(as)f(a)g
(delimiter.)55 b(If)34 b(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)35 b(of)g
Fs(IFS)f Ft(is)h(n)m(ull,)h(no)150 518 y(w)m(ord)30 b(splitting)h(o)s
(ccurs.)275 648 y(Explicit)44 b(n)m(ull)f(argumen)m(ts)g(\()p
Fs("")g Ft(or)h Fs('')p Ft(\))f(are)g(retained.)80 b(Unquoted)43
b(implicit)h(n)m(ull)f(argumen)m(ts,)150 758 y(resulting)24
b(from)f(the)g(expansion)g(of)h(parameters)g(that)g(ha)m(v)m(e)h(no)e
(v)-5 b(alues,)25 b(are)f(remo)m(v)m(ed.)40 b(If)23 b(a)g(parameter)150
867 y(with)30 b(no)g(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(is)g(expanded)e(within)h(double)g
(quotes,)h(a)g(n)m(ull)f(argumen)m(t)h(results)f(and)g(is)g(retained.)
275 997 y(Note)h(that)g(if)g(no)f(expansion)g(o)s(ccurs,)g(no)h
(splitting)g(is)f(p)s(erformed.)150 1187 y Fj(3.5.8)63
b(Filename)41 b(Expansion)150 1334 y Ft(After)26 b(w)m(ord)g
(splitting,)i(unless)d(the)i(`)p Fs(-f)p Ft(')f(option)g(has)g(b)s(een)
f(set)i(\(see)g(Section)g(4.3.1)h([The)e(Set)g(Builtin],)150
1444 y(page)h(51\),)i(Bash)d(scans)h(eac)m(h)h(w)m(ord)e(for)g(the)h(c)
m(haracters)g(`)p Fs(*)p Ft(',)h(`)p Fs(?)p Ft(',)g(and)e(`)p
Fs([)p Ft('.)39 b(If)26 b(one)h(of)g(these)f(c)m(haracters)150
1553 y(app)s(ears,)h(then)f(the)h(w)m(ord)f(is)h(regarded)g(as)g(a)g
Fq(pattern)p Ft(,)g(and)g(replaced)g(with)f(an)h(alphab)s(etically)h
(sorted)150 1663 y(list)k(of)g(\014le)g(names)g(matc)m(hing)h(the)f
(pattern.)45 b(If)32 b(no)f(matc)m(hing)i(\014le)f(names)g(are)g
(found,)f(and)h(the)g(shell)150 1772 y(option)c Fs(nullglob)e
Ft(is)i(disabled,)h(the)f(w)m(ord)g(is)g(left)g(unc)m(hanged.)40
b(If)28 b(the)g Fs(nullglob)e Ft(option)i(is)g(set,)i(and)150
1882 y(no)38 b(matc)m(hes)h(are)f(found,)h(the)f(w)m(ord)f(is)h(remo)m
(v)m(ed.)65 b(If)37 b(the)h Fs(failglob)e Ft(shell)i(option)g(is)g
(set,)j(and)c(no)150 1991 y(matc)m(hes)f(are)g(found,)f(an)g(error)f
(message)j(is)e(prin)m(ted)f(and)h(the)g(command)g(is)g(not)g
(executed.)56 b(If)35 b(the)150 2101 y(shell)e(option)h
Fs(nocaseglob)c Ft(is)j(enabled,)h(the)g(matc)m(h)g(is)f(p)s(erformed)e
(without)i(regard)g(to)h(the)g(case)g(of)150 2211 y(alphab)s(etic)d(c)m
(haracters.)275 2341 y(When)23 b(a)h(pattern)f(is)h(used)f(for)g
(\014lename)h(expansion,)h(the)e(c)m(haracter)i(`)p Fs(.)p
Ft(')f(at)g(the)g(start)g(of)g(a)g(\014lename)150 2450
y(or)f(immediately)i(follo)m(wing)g(a)f(slash)f(m)m(ust)h(b)s(e)f(matc)
m(hed)h(explicitly)-8 b(,)27 b(unless)c(the)g(shell)h(option)g
Fs(dotglob)150 2560 y Ft(is)31 b(set.)45 b(When)31 b(matc)m(hing)h(a)g
(\014le)f(name,)h(the)g(slash)f(c)m(haracter)i(m)m(ust)e(alw)m(a)m(ys)i
(b)s(e)e(matc)m(hed)h(explicitly)-8 b(.)150 2669 y(In)30
b(other)g(cases,)i(the)e(`)p Fs(.)p Ft(')h(c)m(haracter)h(is)e(not)h
(treated)g(sp)s(ecially)-8 b(.)275 2799 y(See)28 b(the)g(description)g
(of)g Fs(shopt)e Ft(in)i(Section)g(4.3.2)i([The)e(Shopt)f(Builtin],)i
(page)g(55,)g(for)f(a)g(descrip-)150 2909 y(tion)j(of)f(the)h
Fs(nocaseglob)p Ft(,)d Fs(nullglob)p Ft(,)g Fs(failglob)p
Ft(,)h(and)g Fs(dotglob)g Ft(options.)275 3039 y(The)j
Fs(GLOBIGNORE)f Ft(shell)i(v)-5 b(ariable)34 b(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(used)f
(to)i(restrict)g(the)g(set)f(of)h(\014lenames)f(matc)m(hing)i(a)150
3148 y(pattern.)k(If)25 b Fs(GLOBIGNORE)e Ft(is)j(set,)h(eac)m(h)g
(matc)m(hing)g(\014lename)f(that)g(also)h(matc)m(hes)f(one)g(of)g(the)g
(patterns)150 3258 y(in)33 b Fs(GLOBIGNORE)d Ft(is)j(remo)m(v)m(ed)h
(from)e(the)i(list)f(of)g(matc)m(hes.)50 b(The)33 b(\014lenames)g(`)p
Fs(.)p Ft(')g(and)f(`)p Fs(..)p Ft(')h(are)g(alw)m(a)m(ys)150
3367 y(ignored)g(when)e Fs(GLOBIGNORE)f Ft(is)j(set)g(and)f(not)h(n)m
(ull.)48 b(Ho)m(w)m(ev)m(er,)35 b(setting)f Fs(GLOBIGNORE)c
Ft(to)j(a)g(non-n)m(ull)150 3477 y(v)-5 b(alue)34 b(has)f(the)h
(e\013ect)h(of)f(enabling)g(the)g Fs(dotglob)e Ft(shell)h(option,)j(so)
e(all)g(other)g(\014lenames)g(b)s(eginning)150 3587 y(with)43
b(a)h(`)p Fs(.)p Ft(')f(will)h(matc)m(h.)80 b(T)-8 b(o)44
b(get)h(the)e(old)h(b)s(eha)m(vior)f(of)h(ignoring)f(\014lenames)h(b)s
(eginning)f(with)g(a)150 3696 y(`)p Fs(.)p Ft(',)c(mak)m(e)g(`)p
Fs(.*)p Ft(')e(one)g(of)g(the)h(patterns)f(in)g Fs(GLOBIGNORE)p
Ft(.)58 b(The)37 b Fs(dotglob)e Ft(option)j(is)f(disabled)g(when)150
3806 y Fs(GLOBIGNORE)28 b Ft(is)i(unset.)150 3996 y Fj(3.5.8.1)63
b(P)m(attern)40 b(Matc)m(hing)150 4143 y Ft(An)m(y)24
b(c)m(haracter)h(that)f(app)s(ears)f(in)g(a)h(pattern,)i(other)e(than)f
(the)h(sp)s(ecial)g(pattern)g(c)m(haracters)h(describ)s(ed)150
4252 y(b)s(elo)m(w,)31 b(matc)m(hes)g(itself.)42 b(The)29
b Fl(nul)h Ft(c)m(haracter)i(ma)m(y)e(not)h(o)s(ccur)f(in)g(a)h
(pattern.)40 b(A)31 b(bac)m(kslash)g(escap)s(es)150 4362
y(the)38 b(follo)m(wing)g(c)m(haracter;)43 b(the)37 b(escaping)i(bac)m
(kslash)e(is)h(discarded)f(when)f(matc)m(hing.)63 b(The)36
b(sp)s(ecial)150 4471 y(pattern)30 b(c)m(haracters)i(m)m(ust)f(b)s(e)e
(quoted)i(if)f(they)h(are)f(to)i(b)s(e)d(matc)m(hed)i(literally)-8
b(.)275 4601 y(The)29 b(sp)s(ecial)i(pattern)g(c)m(haracters)h(ha)m(v)m
(e)f(the)g(follo)m(wing)h(meanings:)150 4751 y Fs(*)432
b Ft(Matc)m(hes)31 b(an)m(y)e(string,)h(including)f(the)g(n)m(ull)g
(string.)41 b(When)29 b(the)g Fs(globstar)e Ft(shell)i(option)630
4861 y(is)37 b(enabled,)h(and)e(`)p Fs(*)p Ft(')h(is)g(used)f(in)g(a)h
(\014lename)g(expansion)g(con)m(text,)j(t)m(w)m(o)e(adjacen)m(t)g(`)p
Fs(*)p Ft('s)630 4971 y(used)f(as)g(a)h(single)g(pattern)g(will)f(matc)
m(h)i(all)f(\014les)f(and)g(zero)h(or)g(more)f(directories)i(and)630
5080 y(sub)s(directories.)g(If)25 b(follo)m(w)m(ed)j(b)m(y)e(a)g(`)p
Fs(/)p Ft(',)h(t)m(w)m(o)g(adjacen)m(t)h(`)p Fs(*)p Ft('s)e(will)g
(matc)m(h)h(only)f(directories)630 5190 y(and)k(sub)s(directories.)150
5340 y Fs(?)432 b Ft(Matc)m(hes)32 b(an)m(y)f(single)g(c)m(haracter.)p
eop end
%%Page: 25 31
TeXDict begin 25 30 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(25)150 299
y Fs([...)o(])241 b Ft(Matc)m(hes)27 b(an)m(y)e(one)g(of)g(the)g
(enclosed)g(c)m(haracters.)41 b(A)25 b(pair)f(of)h(c)m(haracters)i
(separated)e(b)m(y)g(a)630 408 y(h)m(yphen)i(denotes)h(a)g
Fq(range)g(expression)p Ft(;)g(an)m(y)h(c)m(haracter)g(that)f(sorts)g
(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)g(those)h(t)m(w)m(o)630 518 y(c)m(haracters,)f
(inclusiv)m(e,)f(using)d(the)h(curren)m(t)f(lo)s(cale's)j(collating)g
(sequence)e(and)f(c)m(haracter)630 628 y(set,)31 b(is)f(matc)m(hed.)42
b(If)30 b(the)g(\014rst)g(c)m(haracter)i(follo)m(wing)g(the)e(`)p
Fs([)p Ft(')h(is)f(a)h(`)p Fs(!)p Ft(')f(or)g(a)h(`)p
Fs(^)p Ft(')g(then)f(an)m(y)630 737 y(c)m(haracter)c(not)f(enclosed)g
(is)g(matc)m(hed.)40 b(A)25 b(`)p Fp(\000)p Ft(')f(ma)m(y)i(b)s(e)e
(matc)m(hed)h(b)m(y)f(including)h(it)g(as)g(the)630 847
y(\014rst)32 b(or)h(last)h(c)m(haracter)h(in)e(the)g(set.)50
b(A)33 b(`)p Fs(])p Ft(')g(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(matc)m(hed)i(b)m(y)f
(including)g(it)g(as)h(the)630 956 y(\014rst)25 b(c)m(haracter)i(in)e
(the)h(set.)40 b(The)25 b(sorting)h(order)f(of)h(c)m(haracters)h(in)f
(range)g(expressions)f(is)630 1066 y(determined)e(b)m(y)g(the)g(curren)
m(t)f(lo)s(cale)j(and)e(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)23 b(of)g(the)h
Fs(LC_COLLATE)c Ft(shell)j(v)-5 b(ariable,)630 1176 y(if)30
b(set.)630 1309 y(F)-8 b(or)34 b(example,)g(in)f(the)g(default)g(C)f
(lo)s(cale,)k(`)p Fs([a-dx-z])p Ft(')31 b(is)i(equiv)-5
b(alen)m(t)34 b(to)g(`)p Fs([abcdxyz])p Ft('.)630 1418
y(Man)m(y)68 b(lo)s(cales)h(sort)f(c)m(haracters)h(in)e(dictionary)i
(order,)76 b(and)67 b(in)g(these)h(lo)s(cales)630 1528
y(`)p Fs([a-dx-z])p Ft(')36 b(is)i(t)m(ypically)i(not)e(equiv)-5
b(alen)m(t)39 b(to)g(`)p Fs([abcdxyz])p Ft(';)g(it)g(migh)m(t)f(b)s(e)f
(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)630 1637 y(to)34 b(`)p Fs([aBbCcDdxXyYz])p
Ft(',)c(for)j(example.)49 b(T)-8 b(o)33 b(obtain)h(the)f(traditional)h
(in)m(terpretation)h(of)630 1747 y(ranges)e(in)f(brac)m(k)m(et)i
(expressions,)g(y)m(ou)f(can)g(force)g(the)g(use)f(of)h(the)g(C)f(lo)s
(cale)i(b)m(y)f(setting)630 1857 y(the)e Fs(LC_COLLATE)c
Ft(or)k Fs(LC_ALL)d Ft(en)m(vironmen)m(t)j(v)-5 b(ariable)31
b(to)g(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(`)p Fs(C)p Ft('.)630 1990
y(Within)23 b(`)p Fs([)p Ft(')h(and)e(`)p Fs(])p Ft(',)j
Fq(c)m(haracter)g(classes)j Ft(can)c(b)s(e)e(sp)s(eci\014ed)h(using)f
(the)i(syn)m(tax)f Fs([:)p Fq(class)t Fs(:])p Ft(,)630
2099 y(where)30 b Fq(class)35 b Ft(is)30 b(one)h(of)f(the)h(follo)m
(wing)h(classes)f(de\014ned)e(in)h(the)h Fl(posix)f Ft(standard:)870
2233 y Fs(alnum)142 b(alpha)g(ascii)f(blank)h(cntrl)g(digit)g(graph)g
(lower)870 2342 y(print)g(punct)g(space)f(upper)h(word)190
b(xdigit)630 2475 y Ft(A)42 b(c)m(haracter)h(class)f(matc)m(hes)h(an)m
(y)f(c)m(haracter)h(b)s(elonging)f(to)g(that)g(class.)75
b(The)41 b Fs(word)630 2585 y Ft(c)m(haracter)32 b(class)f(matc)m(hes)h
(letters,)f(digits,)h(and)d(the)i(c)m(haracter)h(`)p
Fs(_)p Ft('.)630 2718 y(Within)25 b(`)p Fs([)p Ft(')f(and)g(`)p
Fs(])p Ft(',)i(an)e Fq(equiv)-5 b(alence)26 b(class)j
Ft(can)24 b(b)s(e)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(using)g(the)g(syn)m(tax)h
Fs([=)p Fq(c)6 b Fs(=])p Ft(,)630 2828 y(whic)m(h)29
b(matc)m(hes)i(all)f(c)m(haracters)h(with)e(the)h(same)g(collation)h(w)
m(eigh)m(t)g(\(as)f(de\014ned)e(b)m(y)i(the)630 2937
y(curren)m(t)g(lo)s(cale\))j(as)d(the)h(c)m(haracter)h
Fq(c)6 b Ft(.)630 3070 y(Within)21 b(`)p Fs([)p Ft(')h(and)e(`)p
Fs(])p Ft(',)j(the)f(syn)m(tax)f Fs([.)p Fq(sym)m(b)s(ol)t
Fs(.])f Ft(matc)m(hes)i(the)f(collating)j(sym)m(b)s(ol)c
Fq(sym)m(b)s(ol)t Ft(.)275 3227 y(If)29 b(the)g Fs(extglob)f
Ft(shell)h(option)h(is)g(enabled)f(using)g(the)h Fs(shopt)e
Ft(builtin,)h(sev)m(eral)i(extended)f(pattern)150 3336
y(matc)m(hing)37 b(op)s(erators)e(are)h(recognized.)58
b(In)35 b(the)g(follo)m(wing)i(description,)g(a)f Fq(pattern-list)j
Ft(is)d(a)g(list)g(of)150 3446 y(one)d(or)f(more)h(patterns)f
(separated)h(b)m(y)f(a)h(`)p Fs(|)p Ft('.)47 b(Comp)s(osite)33
b(patterns)f(ma)m(y)i(b)s(e)d(formed)h(using)g(one)h(or)150
3556 y(more)e(of)f(the)h(follo)m(wing)g(sub-patterns:)150
3712 y Fs(?\()p Fi(pattern-list)11 b Fs(\))630 3822 y
Ft(Matc)m(hes)32 b(zero)f(or)g(one)f(o)s(ccurrence)h(of)f(the)h(giv)m
(en)g(patterns.)150 3979 y Fs(*\()p Fi(pattern-list)11
b Fs(\))630 4088 y Ft(Matc)m(hes)32 b(zero)f(or)g(more)f(o)s
(ccurrences)h(of)f(the)h(giv)m(en)g(patterns.)150 4245
y Fs(+\()p Fi(pattern-list)11 b Fs(\))630 4354 y Ft(Matc)m(hes)32
b(one)f(or)f(more)h(o)s(ccurrences)f(of)h(the)f(giv)m(en)i(patterns.)
150 4511 y Fs(@\()p Fi(pattern-list)11 b Fs(\))630 4621
y Ft(Matc)m(hes)32 b(one)f(of)f(the)h(giv)m(en)g(patterns.)150
4777 y Fs(!\()p Fi(pattern-list)11 b Fs(\))630 4887 y
Ft(Matc)m(hes)32 b(an)m(ything)f(except)g(one)g(of)f(the)h(giv)m(en)g
(patterns.)150 5083 y Fj(3.5.9)63 b(Quote)41 b(Remo)m(v)-7
b(al)150 5230 y Ft(After)32 b(the)g(preceding)g(expansions,)h(all)f
(unquoted)f(o)s(ccurrences)h(of)g(the)h(c)m(haracters)g(`)p
Fs(\\)p Ft(',)g(`)p Fs(')p Ft(',)f(and)g(`)p Fs(")p Ft(')150
5340 y(that)f(did)f(not)g(result)g(from)g(one)h(of)g(the)f(ab)s(o)m(v)m
(e)i(expansions)e(are)h(remo)m(v)m(ed.)p eop end
%%Page: 26 32
TeXDict begin 26 31 bop 150 -116 a Ft(26)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fr(3.6)68 b(Redirections)150
458 y Ft(Before)43 b(a)f(command)f(is)h(executed,)j(its)d(input)f(and)g
(output)g(ma)m(y)i(b)s(e)e Fq(redirected)k Ft(using)c(a)h(sp)s(ecial)
150 568 y(notation)33 b(in)m(terpreted)g(b)m(y)f(the)g(shell.)46
b(Redirection)33 b(ma)m(y)g(also)g(b)s(e)f(used)f(to)i(op)s(en)e(and)h
(close)h(\014les)f(for)150 677 y(the)h(curren)m(t)g(shell)g(execution)h
(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)49 b(The)33 b(follo)m(wing)h(redirection)g(op)s
(erators)f(ma)m(y)h(precede)150 787 y(or)29 b(app)s(ear)g(an)m(ywhere)g
(within)g(a)h(simple)f(command)g(or)h(ma)m(y)g(follo)m(w)g(a)g
(command.)40 b(Redirections)31 b(are)150 897 y(pro)s(cessed)f(in)g(the)
g(order)g(they)h(app)s(ear,)f(from)g(left)h(to)g(righ)m(t.)275
1048 y(Eac)m(h)45 b(redirection)h(that)f(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(preceded)g(b)
m(y)h(a)h(\014le)f(descriptor)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)g(ma)m(y)h(instead)h(b)
s(e)150 1158 y(preceded)41 b(b)m(y)g(a)g(w)m(ord)g(of)g(the)g(form)g
Fs({)p Fq(v)-5 b(arname)5 b Fs(})p Ft(.)72 b(In)40 b(this)h(case,)k
(for)c(eac)m(h)h(redirection)g(op)s(erator)150 1267 y(except)30
b Fs(>)p Ft(&-)f(and)f Fs(<)p Ft(&-,)h(the)g(shell)g(will)h(allo)s
(cate)h(a)e(\014le)h(descriptor)e(greater)j(than)d(10)i(and)e(assign)i
(it)f(to)150 1377 y Fs({)p Fq(v)-5 b(arname)5 b Fs(})p
Ft(.)42 b(If)31 b Fs(>)p Ft(&-)f(or)h Fs(<)p Ft(&-)g(is)g(preceded)g(b)
m(y)g Fs({)p Fq(v)-5 b(arname)5 b Fs(})p Ft(,)31 b(the)g(v)-5
b(alue)31 b(of)g Fq(v)-5 b(arname)37 b Ft(de\014nes)30
b(the)h(\014le)150 1486 y(descriptor)f(to)h(close.)275
1638 y(In)c(the)i(follo)m(wing)h(descriptions,)g(if)e(the)h(\014le)g
(descriptor)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)g(is)g(omitted,)i(and)f(the)f(\014rst)g
(c)m(har-)150 1747 y(acter)42 b(of)f(the)g(redirection)g(op)s(erator)g
(is)g(`)p Fs(<)p Ft(',)i(the)e(redirection)g(refers)g(to)g(the)g
(standard)f(input)f(\(\014le)150 1857 y(descriptor)33
b(0\).)49 b(If)33 b(the)g(\014rst)f(c)m(haracter)i(of)g(the)f
(redirection)g(op)s(erator)h(is)f(`)p Fs(>)p Ft(',)h(the)f(redirection)
g(refers)150 1966 y(to)e(the)g(standard)e(output)h(\(\014le)h
(descriptor)f(1\).)275 2118 y(The)h(w)m(ord)h(follo)m(wing)i(the)f
(redirection)g(op)s(erator)f(in)g(the)h(follo)m(wing)h(descriptions,)f
(unless)e(other-)150 2227 y(wise)21 b(noted,)i(is)e(sub)5
b(jected)21 b(to)h(brace)f(expansion,)i(tilde)f(expansion,)h(parameter)
e(expansion,)i(command)150 2337 y(substitution,)31 b(arithmetic)h
(expansion,)f(quote)h(remo)m(v)-5 b(al,)33 b(\014lename)e(expansion,)g
(and)f(w)m(ord)h(splitting.)150 2447 y(If)f(it)h(expands)e(to)i(more)g
(than)f(one)h(w)m(ord,)f(Bash)h(rep)s(orts)e(an)h(error.)275
2598 y(Note)h(that)g(the)g(order)f(of)g(redirections)h(is)g
(signi\014can)m(t.)41 b(F)-8 b(or)31 b(example,)h(the)e(command)390
2749 y Fs(ls)47 b(>)h Fi(dirlist)56 b Fs(2>&1)150 2901
y Ft(directs)28 b(b)s(oth)f(standard)g(output)g(\(\014le)h(descriptor)f
(1\))i(and)e(standard)f(error)i(\(\014le)g(descriptor)f(2\))h(to)h(the)
150 3010 y(\014le)h Fq(dirlist)r Ft(,)h(while)f(the)h(command)390
3161 y Fs(ls)47 b(2>&1)g(>)g Fi(dirlist)150 3313 y Ft(directs)28
b(only)f(the)g(standard)g(output)g(to)h(\014le)f Fq(dirlist)r
Ft(,)h(b)s(ecause)g(the)f(standard)g(error)g(w)m(as)g(made)h(a)f(cop)m
(y)150 3422 y(of)k(the)f(standard)g(output)g(b)s(efore)g(the)g
(standard)g(output)g(w)m(as)g(redirected)h(to)g Fq(dirlist)r
Ft(.)275 3574 y(Bash)26 b(handles)f(sev)m(eral)j(\014lenames)e(sp)s
(ecially)h(when)f(they)g(are)g(used)g(in)g(redirections,)i(as)e
(describ)s(ed)150 3683 y(in)k(the)h(follo)m(wing)g(table:)150
3868 y Fs(/dev/fd/)p Fi(fd)630 3977 y Ft(If)f Fq(fd)j
Ft(is)d(a)h(v)-5 b(alid)31 b(in)m(teger,)h(\014le)e(descriptor)h
Fq(fd)i Ft(is)d(duplicated.)150 4154 y Fs(/dev/stdin)630
4263 y Ft(File)i(descriptor)e(0)h(is)f(duplicated.)150
4440 y Fs(/dev/stdout)630 4549 y Ft(File)i(descriptor)e(1)h(is)f
(duplicated.)150 4725 y Fs(/dev/stderr)630 4835 y Ft(File)i(descriptor)
e(2)h(is)f(duplicated.)150 5011 y Fs(/dev/tcp/)p Fi(host)11
b Fs(/)p Fi(port)630 5121 y Ft(If)41 b Fq(host)i Ft(is)f(a)g(v)-5
b(alid)41 b(hostname)h(or)f(In)m(ternet)h(address,)i(and)c
Fq(p)s(ort)j Ft(is)f(an)f(in)m(teger)i(p)s(ort)630 5230
y(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)h(or)h(service)h(name,)j(Bash)c(attempts)h(to)g(op)s
(en)f(a)g(TCP)g(connection)h(to)g(the)630 5340 y(corresp)s(onding)29
b(so)s(c)m(k)m(et.)p eop end
%%Page: 27 33
TeXDict begin 27 32 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(27)150 299
y Fs(/dev/udp/)p Fi(host)11 b Fs(/)p Fi(port)630 408
y Ft(If)41 b Fq(host)i Ft(is)f(a)g(v)-5 b(alid)41 b(hostname)h(or)f(In)
m(ternet)h(address,)i(and)c Fq(p)s(ort)j Ft(is)f(an)f(in)m(teger)i(p)s
(ort)630 518 y(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)g(or)i(service)g(name,)k(Bash)c
(attempts)g(to)h(op)s(en)e(a)h(UDP)g(connection)g(to)h(the)630
628 y(corresp)s(onding)29 b(so)s(c)m(k)m(et.)275 785
y(A)h(failure)h(to)g(op)s(en)e(or)i(create)h(a)e(\014le)h(causes)g(the)
f(redirection)h(to)g(fail.)275 918 y(Redirections)f(using)e(\014le)i
(descriptors)f(greater)h(than)f(9)h(should)e(b)s(e)h(used)f(with)h
(care,)h(as)g(they)f(ma)m(y)150 1027 y(con\015ict)i(with)f(\014le)h
(descriptors)f(the)g(shell)h(uses)f(in)m(ternally)-8
b(.)150 1224 y Fj(3.6.1)63 b(Redirecting)40 b(Input)150
1371 y Ft(Redirection)35 b(of)f(input)f(causes)i(the)f(\014le)g(whose)g
(name)g(results)g(from)g(the)g(expansion)g(of)g Fq(w)m(ord)k
Ft(to)d(b)s(e)150 1481 y(op)s(ened)d(for)g(reading)g(on)g(\014le)h
(descriptor)f Fs(n)p Ft(,)h(or)f(the)g(standard)g(input)f(\(\014le)i
(descriptor)f(0\))h(if)f Fs(n)g Ft(is)h(not)150 1590
y(sp)s(eci\014ed.)275 1724 y(The)c(general)j(format)e(for)h
(redirecting)g(input)e(is:)390 1857 y Fs([)p Fi(n)11
b Fs(]<)p Fi(word)150 2054 y Fj(3.6.2)63 b(Redirecting)40
b(Output)150 2200 y Ft(Redirection)31 b(of)g(output)f(causes)h(the)f
(\014le)h(whose)f(name)g(results)h(from)e(the)i(expansion)f(of)h
Fq(w)m(ord)i Ft(to)f(b)s(e)150 2310 y(op)s(ened)d(for)g(writing)g(on)g
(\014le)h(descriptor)f Fq(n)p Ft(,)g(or)g(the)h(standard)e(output)h
(\(\014le)h(descriptor)f(1\))h(if)g Fq(n)e Ft(is)i(not)150
2420 y(sp)s(eci\014ed.)40 b(If)30 b(the)g(\014le)h(do)s(es)f(not)h
(exist)g(it)g(is)f(created;)i(if)e(it)h(do)s(es)f(exist)h(it)g(is)g
(truncated)f(to)h(zero)g(size.)275 2553 y(The)e(general)j(format)e(for)
h(redirecting)g(output)f(is:)390 2686 y Fs([)p Fi(n)11
b Fs(]>[|])p Fi(word)275 2819 y Ft(If)30 b(the)h(redirection)g(op)s
(erator)g(is)g(`)p Fs(>)p Ft(',)g(and)f(the)h Fs(noclobber)d
Ft(option)j(to)g(the)g Fs(set)f Ft(builtin)g(has)h(b)s(een)150
2929 y(enabled,)i(the)f(redirection)h(will)f(fail)h(if)f(the)g(\014le)g
(whose)g(name)g(results)g(from)g(the)g(expansion)g(of)g
Fq(w)m(ord)150 3039 y Ft(exists)f(and)f(is)g(a)h(regular)g(\014le.)41
b(If)30 b(the)h(redirection)g(op)s(erator)g(is)f(`)p
Fs(>|)p Ft(',)h(or)f(the)h(redirection)g(op)s(erator)g(is)150
3148 y(`)p Fs(>)p Ft(')36 b(and)f(the)g Fs(noclobber)e
Ft(option)j(is)g(not)g(enabled,)h(the)e(redirection)h(is)g(attempted)g
(ev)m(en)h(if)e(the)h(\014le)150 3258 y(named)30 b(b)m(y)g
Fq(w)m(ord)k Ft(exists.)150 3455 y Fj(3.6.3)63 b(App)s(ending)42
b(Redirected)e(Output)150 3601 y Ft(Redirection)23 b(of)e(output)h(in)f
(this)h(fashion)f(causes)h(the)g(\014le)g(whose)f(name)h(results)f
(from)g(the)h(expansion)g(of)150 3711 y Fq(w)m(ord)28
b Ft(to)e(b)s(e)e(op)s(ened)g(for)h(app)s(ending)e(on)i(\014le)g
(descriptor)g Fq(n)p Ft(,)g(or)g(the)g(standard)f(output)h(\(\014le)g
(descriptor)150 3821 y(1\))31 b(if)f Fq(n)g Ft(is)h(not)f(sp)s
(eci\014ed.)40 b(If)30 b(the)h(\014le)f(do)s(es)g(not)h(exist)g(it)g
(is)f(created.)275 3954 y(The)f(general)j(format)e(for)h(app)s(ending)e
(output)h(is:)390 4087 y Fs([)p Fi(n)11 b Fs(]>>)p Fi(word)150
4284 y Fj(3.6.4)63 b(Redirecting)40 b(Standard)h(Output)g(and)g
(Standard)g(Error)150 4431 y Ft(This)33 b(construct)i(allo)m(ws)g(b)s
(oth)f(the)g(standard)g(output)f(\(\014le)i(descriptor)f(1\))h(and)f
(the)g(standard)f(error)150 4540 y(output)d(\(\014le)h(descriptor)f
(2\))h(to)g(b)s(e)f(redirected)h(to)g(the)f(\014le)h(whose)f(name)h(is)
f(the)g(expansion)h(of)f Fq(w)m(ord)t Ft(.)275 4674 y(There)f(are)i(t)m
(w)m(o)h(formats)e(for)h(redirecting)g(standard)e(output)h(and)g
(standard)f(error:)390 4807 y Fs(&>)p Fi(word)150 4940
y Ft(and)390 5073 y Fs(>&)p Fi(word)150 5207 y Ft(Of)h(the)g(t)m(w)m(o)
i(forms,)e(the)h(\014rst)e(is)i(preferred.)39 b(This)30
b(is)g(seman)m(tically)j(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)32 b(to)390
5340 y Fs(>)p Fi(word)57 b Fs(2>&1)p eop end
%%Page: 28 34
TeXDict begin 28 33 bop 150 -116 a Ft(28)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fj(3.6.5)63 b(App)s(ending)42
b(Standard)f(Output)g(and)g(Standard)g(Error)150 446
y Ft(This)33 b(construct)i(allo)m(ws)g(b)s(oth)f(the)g(standard)g
(output)f(\(\014le)i(descriptor)f(1\))h(and)f(the)g(standard)f(error)
150 555 y(output)d(\(\014le)h(descriptor)f(2\))h(to)g(b)s(e)f(app)s
(ended)f(to)i(the)f(\014le)h(whose)f(name)g(is)h(the)f(expansion)h(of)f
Fq(w)m(ord)t Ft(.)275 689 y(The)f(format)i(for)f(app)s(ending)f
(standard)h(output)g(and)f(standard)h(error)g(is:)390
822 y Fs(&>>)p Fi(word)150 955 y Ft(This)g(is)g(seman)m(tically)j
(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)32 b(to)390 1089 y Fs(>>)p Fi(word)57
b Fs(2>&1)150 1286 y Fj(3.6.6)63 b(Here)41 b(Do)s(cumen)m(ts)150
1432 y Ft(This)c(t)m(yp)s(e)h(of)f(redirection)i(instructs)e(the)h
(shell)f(to)i(read)e(input)g(from)g(the)h(curren)m(t)f(source)h(un)m
(til)g(a)150 1542 y(line)31 b(con)m(taining)g(only)g
Fq(w)m(ord)i Ft(\(with)d(no)h(trailing)g(blanks\))f(is)g(seen.)41
b(All)31 b(of)f(the)h(lines)f(read)g(up)f(to)i(that)150
1652 y(p)s(oin)m(t)f(are)h(then)f(used)g(as)g(the)h(standard)f(input)f
(for)h(a)h(command.)275 1785 y(The)e(format)i(of)g(here-do)s(cumen)m
(ts)f(is:)390 1918 y Fs(<<[)p Fp(\000)p Fs(])p Fi(word)772
2028 y(here-document)390 2137 y(delimiter)275 2271 y
Ft(No)j(parameter)h(expansion,)g(command)f(substitution,)h(arithmetic)h
(expansion,)f(or)f(\014lename)g(ex-)150 2380 y(pansion)h(is)h(p)s
(erformed)f(on)g Fq(w)m(ord)t Ft(.)54 b(If)34 b(an)m(y)h(c)m(haracters)
i(in)d Fq(w)m(ord)k Ft(are)d(quoted,)i(the)e Fq(delimiter)42
b Ft(is)35 b(the)150 2490 y(result)40 b(of)g(quote)h(remo)m(v)-5
b(al)42 b(on)e Fq(w)m(ord)t Ft(,)i(and)d(the)i(lines)f(in)g(the)g
(here-do)s(cumen)m(t)h(are)f(not)g(expanded.)150 2600
y(If)32 b Fq(w)m(ord)k Ft(is)d(unquoted,)f(all)i(lines)f(of)f(the)h
(here-do)s(cumen)m(t)g(are)g(sub)5 b(jected)32 b(to)i(parameter)f
(expansion,)150 2709 y(command)25 b(substitution,)g(and)g(arithmetic)h
(expansion.)39 b(In)24 b(the)h(latter)h(case,)h(the)e(c)m(haracter)i
(sequence)150 2819 y Fs(\\newline)h Ft(is)j(ignored,)f(and)g(`)p
Fs(\\)p Ft(')h(m)m(ust)f(b)s(e)g(used)f(to)i(quote)g(the)g(c)m
(haracters)h(`)p Fs(\\)p Ft(',)e(`)p Fs($)p Ft(',)h(and)f(`)p
Fs(`)p Ft('.)275 2952 y(If)21 b(the)i(redirection)g(op)s(erator)g(is)f
(`)p Fs(<<-)p Ft(',)i(then)e(all)h(leading)g(tab)g(c)m(haracters)h(are)
e(stripp)s(ed)f(from)h(input)150 3062 y(lines)33 b(and)e(the)i(line)g
(con)m(taining)h Fq(delimiter)7 b Ft(.)47 b(This)31 b(allo)m(ws)j
(here-do)s(cumen)m(ts)f(within)e(shell)i(scripts)f(to)150
3171 y(b)s(e)e(inden)m(ted)g(in)g(a)h(natural)f(fashion.)150
3368 y Fj(3.6.7)63 b(Here)41 b(Strings)150 3515 y Ft(A)30
b(v)-5 b(arian)m(t)32 b(of)e(here)h(do)s(cumen)m(ts,)f(the)g(format)h
(is:)390 3648 y Fs(<<<)47 b Fi(word)275 3782 y Ft(The)29
b Fq(w)m(ord)34 b Ft(is)c(expanded)g(and)g(supplied)f(to)i(the)f
(command)h(on)f(its)h(standard)e(input.)150 3979 y Fj(3.6.8)63
b(Duplicating)41 b(File)g(Descriptors)150 4125 y Ft(The)30
b(redirection)h(op)s(erator)390 4259 y Fs([)p Fi(n)11
b Fs(]<&)p Fi(word)150 4392 y Ft(is)35 b(used)e(to)j(duplicate)f(input)
f(\014le)g(descriptors.)53 b(If)34 b Fq(w)m(ord)k Ft(expands)c(to)h
(one)g(or)g(more)g(digits,)h(the)f(\014le)150 4502 y(descriptor)e
(denoted)h(b)m(y)g Fq(n)f Ft(is)g(made)h(to)g(b)s(e)f(a)h(cop)m(y)g(of)
g(that)g(\014le)g(descriptor.)50 b(If)33 b(the)h(digits)g(in)f
Fq(w)m(ord)150 4611 y Ft(do)c(not)h(sp)s(ecify)f(a)h(\014le)f
(descriptor)g(op)s(en)g(for)g(input,)g(a)h(redirection)g(error)f(o)s
(ccurs.)40 b(If)29 b Fq(w)m(ord)j Ft(ev)-5 b(aluates)150
4721 y(to)31 b(`)p Fs(-)p Ft(',)g(\014le)g(descriptor)g
Fq(n)f Ft(is)g(closed.)43 b(If)30 b Fq(n)g Ft(is)g(not)h(sp)s
(eci\014ed,)f(the)h(standard)f(input)g(\(\014le)h(descriptor)f(0\))150
4830 y(is)g(used.)275 4964 y(The)f(op)s(erator)390 5097
y Fs([)p Fi(n)11 b Fs(]>&)p Fi(word)150 5230 y Ft(is)40
b(used)g(similarly)h(to)g(duplicate)f(output)g(\014le)h(descriptors.)70
b(If)40 b Fq(n)f Ft(is)i(not)f(sp)s(eci\014ed,)i(the)f(standard)150
5340 y(output)30 b(\(\014le)g(descriptor)g(1\))h(is)f(used.)39
b(If)30 b(the)g(digits)h(in)e Fq(w)m(ord)34 b Ft(do)29
b(not)i(sp)s(ecify)e(a)i(\014le)f(descriptor)g(op)s(en)p
eop end
%%Page: 29 35
TeXDict begin 29 34 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(29)150 299
y(for)38 b(output,)i(a)e(redirection)h(error)f(o)s(ccurs.)63
b(As)38 b(a)h(sp)s(ecial)f(case,)k(if)c Fq(n)f Ft(is)h(omitted,)k(and)
37 b Fq(w)m(ord)k Ft(do)s(es)150 408 y(not)28 b(expand)f(to)i(one)f(or)
f(more)h(digits,)i(the)e(standard)e(output)i(and)f(standard)g(error)g
(are)i(redirected)f(as)150 518 y(describ)s(ed)h(previously)-8
b(.)150 717 y Fj(3.6.9)63 b(Mo)m(ving)41 b(File)h(Descriptors)150
864 y Ft(The)30 b(redirection)h(op)s(erator)390 999 y
Fs([)p Fi(n)11 b Fs(]<&)p Fi(digit)g Fs(-)150 1133 y
Ft(mo)m(v)m(es)33 b(the)f(\014le)g(descriptor)f Fq(digit)k
Ft(to)d(\014le)g(descriptor)g Fq(n)p Ft(,)f(or)h(the)g(standard)f
(input)f(\(\014le)j(descriptor)e(0\))150 1243 y(if)f
Fq(n)g Ft(is)h(not)f(sp)s(eci\014ed.)40 b Fq(digit)33
b Ft(is)e(closed)g(after)g(b)s(eing)f(duplicated)g(to)h
Fq(n)p Ft(.)275 1377 y(Similarly)-8 b(,)31 b(the)f(redirection)h(op)s
(erator)390 1512 y Fs([)p Fi(n)11 b Fs(]>&)p Fi(digit)g
Fs(-)150 1646 y Ft(mo)m(v)m(es)29 b(the)g(\014le)f(descriptor)f
Fq(digit)k Ft(to)e(\014le)f(descriptor)g Fq(n)p Ft(,)g(or)g(the)g
(standard)f(output)h(\(\014le)g(descriptor)g(1\))150
1756 y(if)i Fq(n)g Ft(is)h(not)f(sp)s(eci\014ed.)150
1955 y Fj(3.6.10)63 b(Op)s(ening)42 b(File)g(Descriptors)g(for)g
(Reading)e(and)h(W)-10 b(riting)150 2102 y Ft(The)30
b(redirection)h(op)s(erator)390 2236 y Fs([)p Fi(n)11
b Fs(]<>)p Fi(word)150 2371 y Ft(causes)39 b(the)g(\014le)g(whose)g
(name)g(is)g(the)g(expansion)g(of)g Fq(w)m(ord)j Ft(to)d(b)s(e)g(op)s
(ened)f(for)g(b)s(oth)h(reading)g(and)150 2480 y(writing)33
b(on)f(\014le)h(descriptor)f Fq(n)p Ft(,)h(or)g(on)f(\014le)h
(descriptor)g(0)g(if)f Fq(n)g Ft(is)h(not)g(sp)s(eci\014ed.)47
b(If)32 b(the)h(\014le)f(do)s(es)h(not)150 2590 y(exist,)e(it)g(is)g
(created.)150 2822 y Fr(3.7)68 b(Executing)46 b(Commands)150
3046 y Fj(3.7.1)63 b(Simple)41 b(Command)h(Expansion)150
3193 y Ft(When)33 b(a)g(simple)g(command)g(is)g(executed,)h(the)g
(shell)f(p)s(erforms)e(the)i(follo)m(wing)i(expansions,)e(assign-)150
3303 y(men)m(ts,)e(and)f(redirections,)h(from)f(left)h(to)g(righ)m(t.)
199 3437 y(1.)61 b(The)38 b(w)m(ords)f(that)i(the)g(parser)e(has)h
(mark)m(ed)g(as)h(v)-5 b(ariable)39 b(assignmen)m(ts)g(\(those)g
(preceding)f(the)330 3547 y(command)30 b(name\))h(and)f(redirections)h
(are)f(sa)m(v)m(ed)i(for)e(later)h(pro)s(cessing.)199
3681 y(2.)61 b(The)39 b(w)m(ords)g(that)i(are)f(not)g(v)-5
b(ariable)40 b(assignmen)m(ts)h(or)e(redirections)i(are)f(expanded)f
(\(see)h(Sec-)330 3791 y(tion)d(3.5)i([Shell)e(Expansions],)h(page)g
(17\).)61 b(If)37 b(an)m(y)g(w)m(ords)f(remain)h(after)h(expansion,)h
(the)e(\014rst)330 3901 y(w)m(ord)31 b(is)g(tak)m(en)h(to)g(b)s(e)f
(the)g(name)h(of)f(the)h(command)f(and)f(the)i(remaining)f(w)m(ords)g
(are)g(the)h(argu-)330 4010 y(men)m(ts.)199 4145 y(3.)61
b(Redirections)25 b(are)f(p)s(erformed)f(as)h(describ)s(ed)f(ab)s(o)m
(v)m(e)i(\(see)g(Section)g(3.6)g([Redirections],)i(page)d(26\).)199
4279 y(4.)61 b(The)25 b(text)h(after)f(the)g(`)p Fs(=)p
Ft(')h(in)e(eac)m(h)j(v)-5 b(ariable)25 b(assignmen)m(t)h(undergo)s(es)
e(tilde)i(expansion,)g(parameter)330 4389 y(expansion,)49
b(command)d(substitution,)j(arithmetic)d(expansion,)k(and)45
b(quote)h(remo)m(v)-5 b(al)46 b(b)s(efore)330 4498 y(b)s(eing)30
b(assigned)h(to)g(the)f(v)-5 b(ariable.)275 4658 y(If)32
b(no)i(command)f(name)g(results,)h(the)g(v)-5 b(ariable)34
b(assignmen)m(ts)g(a\013ect)h(the)f(curren)m(t)f(shell)h(en)m(viron-)
150 4767 y(men)m(t.)39 b(Otherwise,)27 b(the)e(v)-5 b(ariables)26
b(are)g(added)f(to)h(the)f(en)m(vironmen)m(t)h(of)g(the)f(executed)h
(command)g(and)150 4877 y(do)35 b(not)f(a\013ect)j(the)d(curren)m(t)h
(shell)g(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)54 b(If)34 b(an)m(y)h(of)g(the)f(assignmen)
m(ts)i(attempts)f(to)h(assign)150 4986 y(a)j(v)-5 b(alue)39
b(to)g(a)g(readonly)f(v)-5 b(ariable,)42 b(an)c(error)g(o)s(ccurs,)j
(and)c(the)i(command)f(exits)h(with)g(a)f(non-zero)150
5096 y(status.)275 5230 y(If)33 b(no)g(command)g(name)h(results,)g
(redirections)g(are)g(p)s(erformed,)f(but)g(do)h(not)f(a\013ect)i(the)f
(curren)m(t)150 5340 y(shell)d(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)41
b(A)30 b(redirection)h(error)f(causes)h(the)g(command)f(to)h(exit)g
(with)f(a)h(non-zero)g(status.)p eop end
%%Page: 30 36
TeXDict begin 30 35 bop 150 -116 a Ft(30)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)275 299 y(If)26 b(there)i(is)f(a)h(command)f
(name)h(left)g(after)g(expansion,)g(execution)h(pro)s(ceeds)e(as)g
(describ)s(ed)f(b)s(elo)m(w.)150 408 y(Otherwise,)39
b(the)e(command)g(exits.)62 b(If)37 b(one)g(of)g(the)h(expansions)f
(con)m(tained)h(a)g(command)f(substitu-)150 518 y(tion,)i(the)d(exit)h
(status)g(of)f(the)h(command)f(is)h(the)f(exit)h(status)g(of)f(the)h
(last)g(command)f(substitution)150 628 y(p)s(erformed.)55
b(If)35 b(there)g(w)m(ere)h(no)g(command)f(substitutions,)i(the)e
(command)h(exits)g(with)f(a)h(status)g(of)150 737 y(zero.)150
925 y Fj(3.7.2)63 b(Command)41 b(Searc)m(h)f(and)h(Execution)150
1071 y Ft(After)i(a)h(command)f(has)g(b)s(een)f(split)h(in)m(to)h(w)m
(ords,)j(if)c(it)g(results)g(in)g(a)h(simple)f(command)g(and)f(an)150
1181 y(optional)32 b(list)f(of)f(argumen)m(ts,)h(the)g(follo)m(wing)g
(actions)h(are)f(tak)m(en.)199 1310 y(1.)61 b(If)24 b(the)g(command)g
(name)g(con)m(tains)i(no)e(slashes,)i(the)e(shell)h(attempts)g(to)g(lo)
s(cate)h(it.)39 b(If)24 b(there)g(exists)330 1419 y(a)h(shell)g
(function)f(b)m(y)g(that)h(name,)h(that)f(function)f(is)h(in)m(v)m(ok)m
(ed)h(as)e(describ)s(ed)g(in)g(Section)h(3.3)h([Shell)330
1529 y(F)-8 b(unctions],)31 b(page)h(14.)199 1657 y(2.)61
b(If)41 b(the)g(name)h(do)s(es)f(not)g(matc)m(h)i(a)e(function,)j(the)e
(shell)f(searc)m(hes)i(for)e(it)h(in)f(the)g(list)h(of)g(shell)330
1767 y(builtins.)e(If)30 b(a)h(matc)m(h)g(is)f(found,)g(that)h(builtin)
f(is)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed.)199 1895 y(3.)61 b(If)40 b(the)g(name)h(is)f
(neither)h(a)f(shell)h(function)f(nor)g(a)g(builtin,)j(and)d(con)m
(tains)h(no)g(slashes,)i(Bash)330 2005 y(searc)m(hes)c(eac)m(h)g
(elemen)m(t)g(of)g Fs($PATH)d Ft(for)i(a)g(directory)h(con)m(taining)g
(an)f(executable)h(\014le)f(b)m(y)g(that)330 2115 y(name.)56
b(Bash)36 b(uses)f(a)h(hash)e(table)j(to)f(remem)m(b)s(er)f(the)h(full)
f(pathnames)g(of)h(executable)h(\014les)e(to)330 2224
y(a)m(v)m(oid)e(m)m(ultiple)f Fs(PATH)f Ft(searc)m(hes)i(\(see)f(the)g
(description)g(of)f Fs(hash)g Ft(in)g(Section)i(4.1)f([Bourne)g(Shell)
330 2334 y(Builtins],)37 b(page)f(35\).)55 b(A)35 b(full)g(searc)m(h)g
(of)g(the)g(directories)h(in)f Fs($PATH)e Ft(is)i(p)s(erformed)f(only)h
(if)g(the)330 2443 y(command)24 b(is)h(not)g(found)e(in)i(the)g(hash)f
(table.)39 b(If)25 b(the)f(searc)m(h)i(is)e(unsuccessful,)h(the)g
(shell)g(searc)m(hes)330 2553 y(for)e(a)h(de\014ned)e(shell)h(function)
h(named)e Fs(command_not_found_handle)p Ft(.)32 b(If)23
b(that)h(function)f(exists,)330 2663 y(it)32 b(is)f(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)i
(with)e(the)h(original)g(command)f(and)g(the)h(original)g(command's)f
(argumen)m(ts)h(as)g(its)330 2772 y(argumen)m(ts,)h(and)e(the)i
(function's)e(exit)i(status)g(b)s(ecomes)f(the)g(exit)h(status)f(of)h
(the)f(shell.)46 b(If)31 b(that)330 2882 y(function)g(is)g(not)g
(de\014ned,)f(the)i(shell)f(prin)m(ts)f(an)h(error)g(message)h(and)f
(returns)e(an)i(exit)h(status)g(of)330 2991 y(127.)199
3120 y(4.)61 b(If)33 b(the)g(searc)m(h)h(is)g(successful,)g(or)f(if)g
(the)h(command)f(name)g(con)m(tains)i(one)f(or)f(more)g(slashes,)i(the)
330 3229 y(shell)g(executes)h(the)f(named)f(program)g(in)h(a)g
(separate)h(execution)f(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)55 b(Argumen)m(t)35
b(0)330 3339 y(is)30 b(set)h(to)h(the)e(name)h(giv)m(en,)g(and)f(the)h
(remaining)f(argumen)m(ts)h(to)g(the)g(command)f(are)h(set)g(to)g(the)
330 3449 y(argumen)m(ts)g(supplied,)e(if)h(an)m(y)-8
b(.)199 3577 y(5.)61 b(If)35 b(this)h(execution)h(fails)f(b)s(ecause)g
(the)f(\014le)h(is)g(not)g(in)f(executable)j(format,)f(and)e(the)h
(\014le)g(is)g(not)330 3687 y(a)d(directory)-8 b(,)34
b(it)f(is)g(assumed)e(to)j(b)s(e)d(a)i Fq(shell)g(script)h
Ft(and)e(the)h(shell)f(executes)i(it)f(as)g(describ)s(ed)e(in)330
3796 y(Section)g(3.8)h([Shell)e(Scripts],)g(page)i(33.)199
3925 y(6.)61 b(If)38 b(the)h(command)f(w)m(as)h(not)g(b)s(egun)e(async)
m(hronously)-8 b(,)42 b(the)c(shell)h(w)m(aits)h(for)e(the)h(command)f
(to)330 4034 y(complete)32 b(and)e(collects)i(its)f(exit)g(status.)150
4222 y Fj(3.7.3)63 b(Command)41 b(Execution)f(En)m(vironmen)m(t)150
4369 y Ft(The)30 b(shell)g(has)h(an)f Fq(execution)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t)
r Ft(,)h(whic)m(h)e(consists)h(of)f(the)h(follo)m(wing:)225
4497 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(op)s(en)32 b(\014les)g(inherited)g(b)m(y)h(the)f
(shell)h(at)g(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation,)j(as)c(mo)s(di\014ed)g(b)m(y)g
(redirections)h(supplied)e(to)330 4607 y(the)g Fs(exec)e
Ft(builtin)225 4735 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(the)28 b(curren)m(t)g(w)m(orking)
h(directory)g(as)f(set)h(b)m(y)f Fs(cd)p Ft(,)g Fs(pushd)p
Ft(,)g(or)g Fs(popd)p Ft(,)g(or)g(inherited)g(b)m(y)g(the)h(shell)f(at)
330 4845 y(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation)225 4973 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(the)31 b(\014le)f(creation)i(mo)s(de)e(mask)g(as)h(set)g(b)m(y)f
Fs(umask)f Ft(or)h(inherited)g(from)g(the)h(shell's)f(paren)m(t)225
5102 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(curren)m(t)30 b(traps)g(set)h(b)m(y)f
Fs(trap)225 5230 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(shell)30 b(parameters)f(that)h(are)g
(set)g(b)m(y)g(v)-5 b(ariable)30 b(assignmen)m(t)g(or)g(with)f
Fs(set)f Ft(or)i(inherited)f(from)g(the)330 5340 y(shell's)i(paren)m(t)
f(in)g(the)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t)p eop end
%%Page: 31 37
TeXDict begin 31 36 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(31)225 299
y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(shell)44 b(functions)f(de\014ned)f(during)h
(execution)i(or)e(inherited)h(from)f(the)h(shell's)g(paren)m(t)f(in)h
(the)330 408 y(en)m(vironmen)m(t)225 543 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(options)33 b(enabled)g(at)h(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation)h(\(either)f(b)m
(y)f(default)g(or)g(with)g(command-line)g(argumen)m(ts\))h(or)330
652 y(b)m(y)c Fs(set)225 787 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(options)31
b(enabled)f(b)m(y)g Fs(shopt)f Ft(\(see)j(Section)f(4.3.2)h([The)e
(Shopt)g(Builtin],)h(page)g(55\))225 921 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(shell)31 b(aliases)g(de\014ned)f(with)g Fs(alias)f
Ft(\(see)i(Section)g(6.6)h([Aliases],)g(page)f(79\))225
1056 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(v)-5 b(arious)50 b(pro)s(cess)f
Fl(id)p Ft(s,)55 b(including)49 b(those)i(of)e(bac)m(kground)h(jobs)f
(\(see)i(Section)g(3.2.3)g([Lists],)330 1165 y(page)31
b(8\),)g(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(of)f Fs($$)p Ft(,)g(and)g(the)h(v)-5
b(alue)31 b(of)f Fs($PPID)275 1324 y Ft(When)k(a)g(simple)h(command)f
(other)g(than)g(a)h(builtin)f(or)g(shell)h(function)f(is)g(to)h(b)s(e)f
(executed,)i(it)f(is)150 1434 y(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)25 b(in)f(a)g
(separate)h(execution)g(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g(that)f(consists)g(of)h(the)
f(follo)m(wing.)40 b(Unless)24 b(otherwise)150 1543 y(noted,)31
b(the)f(v)-5 b(alues)31 b(are)g(inherited)f(from)g(the)g(shell.)225
1678 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(the)31 b(shell's)h(op)s(en)e(\014les,)i(plus)e
(an)m(y)h(mo)s(di\014cations)h(and)e(additions)h(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(b)m
(y)g(redirections)g(to)330 1787 y(the)g(command)225 1922
y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(the)31 b(curren)m(t)f(w)m(orking)g(directory)225
2056 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(the)31 b(\014le)f(creation)i(mo)s(de)e(mask)225
2190 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(shell)32 b(v)-5 b(ariables)33
b(and)e(functions)h(mark)m(ed)g(for)g(exp)s(ort,)g(along)h(with)f(v)-5
b(ariables)32 b(exp)s(orted)g(for)g(the)330 2300 y(command,)e(passed)g
(in)g(the)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g(\(see)g(Section)g(3.7.4)i([En)m
(vironmen)m(t],)e(page)g(31\))225 2434 y Fp(\017)60 b
Ft(traps)31 b(caugh)m(t)h(b)m(y)f(the)g(shell)h(are)f(reset)h(to)g(the)
f(v)-5 b(alues)32 b(inherited)e(from)h(the)g(shell's)h(paren)m(t,)g
(and)330 2544 y(traps)e(ignored)h(b)m(y)f(the)g(shell)h(are)g(ignored)
275 2703 y(A)41 b(command)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)i(in)e(this)h(separate)g
(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g(cannot)g(a\013ect)h(the)f(shell's)g(execution)150
2813 y(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)275 2947 y(Command)35 b(substitution,)j
(commands)e(group)s(ed)f(with)i(paren)m(theses,)h(and)e(async)m
(hronous)g(com-)150 3057 y(mands)c(are)h(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)i(in)d(a)i
(subshell)e(en)m(vironmen)m(t)h(that)h(is)f(a)g(duplicate)h(of)f(the)g
(shell)g(en)m(vironmen)m(t,)150 3166 y(except)i(that)g(traps)f(caugh)m
(t)h(b)m(y)f(the)h(shell)f(are)g(reset)h(to)g(the)f(v)-5
b(alues)35 b(that)g(the)f(shell)h(inherited)e(from)150
3276 y(its)g(paren)m(t)f(at)h(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation.)49
b(Builtin)32 b(commands)g(that)h(are)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(as)e(part)g
(of)h(a)f(pip)s(eline)g(are)h(also)150 3385 y(executed)41
b(in)f(a)h(subshell)e(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)72 b(Changes)40
b(made)g(to)h(the)g(subshell)e(en)m(vironmen)m(t)i(cannot)150
3495 y(a\013ect)32 b(the)f(shell's)f(execution)i(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)275
3629 y(Subshells)24 b(spa)m(wned)h(to)i(execute)g(command)f
(substitutions)g(inherit)g(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)26 b(of)g(the)h(`)p
Fs(-e)p Ft(')e(option)150 3739 y(from)20 b(the)h(paren)m(t)g(shell.)37
b(When)21 b(not)f(in)h Fl(posix)f Ft(mo)s(de,)i(Bash)f(clears)g(the)g
(`)p Fs(-e)p Ft(')f(option)h(in)g(suc)m(h)f(subshells.)275
3873 y(If)38 b(a)h(command)f(is)g(follo)m(w)m(ed)j(b)m(y)d(a)h(`)p
Fs(&)p Ft(')g(and)f(job)g(con)m(trol)i(is)e(not)h(activ)m(e,)k(the)c
(default)g(standard)150 3983 y(input)e(for)g(the)h(command)f(is)h(the)g
(empt)m(y)g(\014le)f(`)p Fs(/dev/null)p Ft('.)61 b(Otherwise,)39
b(the)f(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(command)150 4093 y(inherits)30
b(the)h(\014le)f(descriptors)g(of)h(the)f(calling)i(shell)f(as)f(mo)s
(di\014ed)g(b)m(y)g(redirections.)150 4292 y Fj(3.7.4)63
b(En)m(vironmen)m(t)150 4438 y Ft(When)28 b(a)i(program)e(is)h(in)m(v)m
(ok)m(ed)h(it)f(is)g(giv)m(en)g(an)g(arra)m(y)g(of)g(strings)f(called)i
(the)f Fq(en)m(vironmen)m(t)r Ft(.)41 b(This)28 b(is)h(a)150
4548 y(list)i(of)g(name-v)-5 b(alue)31 b(pairs,)f(of)h(the)f(form)g
Fs(name=value)p Ft(.)275 4682 y(Bash)39 b(pro)m(vides)g(sev)m(eral)i(w)
m(a)m(ys)g(to)f(manipulate)f(the)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)69
b(On)38 b(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation,)44 b(the)c(shell)150 4792
y(scans)g(its)h(o)m(wn)f(en)m(vironmen)m(t)h(and)f(creates)i(a)f
(parameter)f(for)g(eac)m(h)i(name)e(found,)i(automatically)150
4902 y(marking)26 b(it)g(for)g Fq(exp)s(ort)h Ft(to)g(c)m(hild)f(pro)s
(cesses.)39 b(Executed)26 b(commands)g(inherit)g(the)g(en)m(vironmen)m
(t.)39 b(The)150 5011 y Fs(export)c Ft(and)i(`)p Fs(declare)29
b(-x)p Ft(')36 b(commands)h(allo)m(w)i(parameters)e(and)g(functions)g
(to)h(b)s(e)e(added)h(to)h(and)150 5121 y(deleted)21
b(from)f(the)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)38 b(If)20 b(the)h(v)-5
b(alue)21 b(of)g(a)g(parameter)g(in)f(the)g(en)m(vironmen)m(t)i(is)e
(mo)s(di\014ed,)i(the)150 5230 y(new)31 b(v)-5 b(alue)32
b(b)s(ecomes)f(part)h(of)f(the)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t,)g(replacing)h(the)e
(old.)44 b(The)31 b(en)m(vironmen)m(t)h(inherited)150
5340 y(b)m(y)f(an)m(y)g(executed)h(command)f(consists)g(of)g(the)g
(shell's)h(initial)g(en)m(vironmen)m(t,)g(whose)f(v)-5
b(alues)31 b(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)p eop end
%%Page: 32 38
TeXDict begin 32 37 bop 150 -116 a Ft(32)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y(mo)s(di\014ed)26 b(in)g(the)h(shell,)
h(less)f(an)m(y)g(pairs)f(remo)m(v)m(ed)i(b)m(y)f(the)g
Fs(unset)e Ft(and)h(`)p Fs(export)j(-n)p Ft(')e(commands,)g(plus)150
408 y(an)m(y)k(additions)f(via)h(the)g Fs(export)d Ft(and)i(`)p
Fs(declare)f(-x)p Ft(')h(commands.)275 549 y(The)j(en)m(vironmen)m(t)i
(for)f(an)m(y)g(simple)h(command)f(or)g(function)g(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)g
(augmen)m(ted)h(temp)s(orarily)150 659 y(b)m(y)c(pre\014xing)e(it)i
(with)g(parameter)g(assignmen)m(ts,)h(as)e(describ)s(ed)g(in)g(Section)
i(3.4)g([Shell)e(P)m(arameters],)150 768 y(page)g(15.)41
b(These)29 b(assignmen)m(t)i(statemen)m(ts)g(a\013ect)f(only)g(the)f
(en)m(vironmen)m(t)h(seen)g(b)m(y)f(that)h(command.)275
909 y(If)d(the)h(`)p Fs(-k)p Ft(')g(option)g(is)g(set)g(\(see)h
(Section)f(4.3.1)i([The)e(Set)g(Builtin],)h(page)f(51\),)i(then)e(all)g
(parameter)150 1019 y(assignmen)m(ts)i(are)g(placed)h(in)e(the)h(en)m
(vironmen)m(t)g(for)g(a)g(command,)f(not)h(just)f(those)i(that)f
(precede)g(the)150 1128 y(command)g(name.)275 1269 y(When)f(Bash)h(in)m
(v)m(ok)m(es)i(an)e(external)g(command,)g(the)g(v)-5
b(ariable)31 b(`)p Fs($_)p Ft(')f(is)g(set)g(to)h(the)f(full)f(path)h
(name)150 1379 y(of)h(the)f(command)g(and)g(passed)g(to)h(that)g
(command)f(in)g(its)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)150 1585 y Fj(3.7.5)63
b(Exit)40 b(Status)150 1731 y Ft(The)26 b(exit)h(status)f(of)g(an)g
(executed)h(command)f(is)g(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)26 b(returned)f(b)m(y)h
(the)g Fq(w)m(aitpid)k Ft(system)d(call)g(or)150 1841
y(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)33 b(function.)45 b(Exit)32 b(statuses)g(fall)g
(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)h(0)f(and)f(255,)i(though,)f(as)g(explained)g(b)s
(elo)m(w,)h(the)150 1951 y(shell)i(ma)m(y)g(use)f(v)-5
b(alues)35 b(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)g(125)h(sp)s(ecially)-8 b(.)54
b(Exit)35 b(statuses)g(from)f(shell)h(builtins)f(and)f(comp)s(ound)150
2060 y(commands)j(are)g(also)h(limited)g(to)g(this)f(range.)58
b(Under)36 b(certain)h(circumstances,)h(the)e(shell)h(will)f(use)150
2170 y(sp)s(ecial)31 b(v)-5 b(alues)31 b(to)g(indicate)g(sp)s(eci\014c)
f(failure)h(mo)s(des.)275 2311 y(F)-8 b(or)32 b(the)g(shell's)g(purp)s
(oses,)e(a)j(command)e(whic)m(h)h(exits)g(with)g(a)g(zero)g(exit)h
(status)f(has)f(succeeded.)150 2420 y(A)e(non-zero)h(exit)g(status)g
(indicates)g(failure.)40 b(This)28 b(seemingly)i(coun)m(ter-in)m
(tuitiv)m(e)i(sc)m(heme)e(is)f(used)g(so)150 2530 y(there)34
b(is)g(one)g(w)m(ell-de\014ned)g(w)m(a)m(y)g(to)h(indicate)g(success)f
(and)f(a)h(v)-5 b(ariet)m(y)35 b(of)f(w)m(a)m(ys)h(to)f(indicate)h(v)-5
b(arious)150 2639 y(failure)37 b(mo)s(des.)61 b(When)37
b(a)g(command)g(terminates)h(on)f(a)g(fatal)i(signal)f(whose)f(n)m(um)m
(b)s(er)e(is)i Fq(N)10 b Ft(,)38 b(Bash)150 2749 y(uses)30
b(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(128)p Fs(+)p Fq(N)42 b Ft(as)30
b(the)h(exit)g(status.)275 2890 y(If)k(a)h(command)g(is)g(not)g(found,)
g(the)g(c)m(hild)h(pro)s(cess)e(created)i(to)g(execute)g(it)g(returns)d
(a)j(status)f(of)150 2999 y(127.)42 b(If)30 b(a)h(command)f(is)g(found)
f(but)h(is)g(not)h(executable,)h(the)f(return)e(status)i(is)f(126.)275
3140 y(If)i(a)i(command)f(fails)g(b)s(ecause)g(of)h(an)f(error)f
(during)g(expansion)h(or)g(redirection,)i(the)f(exit)g(status)150
3250 y(is)c(greater)i(than)e(zero.)275 3391 y(The)38
b(exit)h(status)g(is)g(used)f(b)m(y)g(the)h(Bash)g(conditional)h
(commands)e(\(see)h(Section)h(3.2.4.2)h([Con-)150 3500
y(ditional)i(Constructs],)h(page)f(10\))g(and)e(some)i(of)f(the)g(list)
g(constructs)g(\(see)h(Section)f(3.2.3)i([Lists],)150
3610 y(page)31 b(8\).)275 3751 y(All)40 b(of)g(the)h(Bash)f(builtins)f
(return)g(an)h(exit)h(status)g(of)f(zero)h(if)f(they)g(succeed)g(and)g
(a)g(non-zero)150 3860 y(status)34 b(on)f(failure,)i(so)f(they)g(ma)m
(y)g(b)s(e)f(used)g(b)m(y)g(the)h(conditional)h(and)e(list)h
(constructs.)50 b(All)35 b(builtins)150 3970 y(return)29
b(an)i(exit)g(status)g(of)f(2)h(to)g(indicate)g(incorrect)h(usage.)150
4175 y Fj(3.7.6)63 b(Signals)150 4322 y Ft(When)36 b(Bash)g(is)h(in)m
(teractiv)m(e,)j(in)c(the)h(absence)f(of)h(an)m(y)f(traps,)i(it)e
(ignores)h Fs(SIGTERM)d Ft(\(so)j(that)g(`)p Fs(kill)150
4432 y(0)p Ft(')c(do)s(es)g(not)g(kill)g(an)g(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j
(shell\),)f(and)d Fs(SIGINT)f Ft(is)i(caugh)m(t)h(and)f(handled)f(\(so)
h(that)h(the)f Fs(wait)150 4542 y Ft(builtin)24 b(is)h(in)m
(terruptible\).)39 b(When)24 b(Bash)g(receiv)m(es)j(a)d
Fs(SIGINT)p Ft(,)h(it)g(breaks)f(out)h(of)f(an)m(y)h(executing)h(lo)s
(ops.)150 4651 y(In)31 b(all)h(cases,)h(Bash)f(ignores)g
Fs(SIGQUIT)p Ft(.)42 b(If)32 b(job)f(con)m(trol)i(is)e(in)h(e\013ect)h
(\(see)f(Chapter)f(7)h([Job)g(Con)m(trol],)150 4761 y(page)f(89\),)h
(Bash)e(ignores)h Fs(SIGTTIN)p Ft(,)e Fs(SIGTTOU)p Ft(,)g(and)g
Fs(SIGTSTP)p Ft(.)275 4902 y(Non-builtin)i(commands)g(started)g(b)m(y)g
(Bash)h(ha)m(v)m(e)g(signal)g(handlers)e(set)i(to)g(the)g(v)-5
b(alues)31 b(inherited)150 5011 y(b)m(y)37 b(the)h(shell)g(from)f(its)h
(paren)m(t.)62 b(When)38 b(job)f(con)m(trol)i(is)e(not)h(in)f
(e\013ect,)k(async)m(hronous)c(commands)150 5121 y(ignore)f
Fs(SIGINT)e Ft(and)h Fs(SIGQUIT)e Ft(in)j(addition)f(to)i(these)f
(inherited)f(handlers.)55 b(Commands)35 b(run)f(as)i(a)150
5230 y(result)27 b(of)h(command)f(substitution)h(ignore)g(the)g(k)m
(eyb)s(oard-generated)g(job)g(con)m(trol)h(signals)f
Fs(SIGTTIN)p Ft(,)150 5340 y Fs(SIGTTOU)p Ft(,)h(and)g
Fs(SIGTSTP)p Ft(.)p eop end
%%Page: 33 39
TeXDict begin 33 38 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(33)275 299
y(The)30 b(shell)i(exits)g(b)m(y)f(default)g(up)s(on)f(receipt)i(of)f
(a)h Fs(SIGHUP)p Ft(.)42 b(Before)32 b(exiting,)h(an)e(in)m(teractiv)m
(e)j(shell)150 408 y(resends)41 b(the)i Fs(SIGHUP)e Ft(to)i(all)g
(jobs,)i(running)c(or)h(stopp)s(ed.)76 b(Stopp)s(ed)41
b(jobs)h(are)h(sen)m(t)g Fs(SIGCONT)d Ft(to)150 518 y(ensure)32
b(that)h(they)g(receiv)m(e)i(the)e Fs(SIGHUP)p Ft(.)47
b(T)-8 b(o)33 b(prev)m(en)m(t)g(the)g(shell)g(from)g(sending)f(the)h
Fs(SIGHUP)e Ft(signal)150 628 y(to)i(a)g(particular)g(job,)g(it)g
(should)f(b)s(e)g(remo)m(v)m(ed)h(from)g(the)f(jobs)g(table)i(with)e
(the)h Fs(disown)e Ft(builtin)h(\(see)150 737 y(Section)f(7.2)g([Job)f
(Con)m(trol)h(Builtins],)g(page)g(90\))h(or)e(mark)m(ed)g(to)h(not)f
(receiv)m(e)i Fs(SIGHUP)d Ft(using)h Fs(disown)150 847
y(-h)p Ft(.)275 992 y(If)38 b(the)h Fs(huponexit)e Ft(shell)i(option)g
(has)g(b)s(een)f(set)i(with)f Fs(shopt)e Ft(\(see)j(Section)g(4.3.2)h
([The)e(Shopt)150 1102 y(Builtin],)31 b(page)g(55\),)h(Bash)f(sends)e
(a)i Fs(SIGHUP)e Ft(to)i(all)g(jobs)f(when)f(an)i(in)m(teractiv)m(e)i
(login)e(shell)g(exits.)275 1247 y(If)38 b(Bash)h(is)g(w)m(aiting)h
(for)f(a)g(command)f(to)i(complete)g(and)e(receiv)m(es)j(a)e(signal)h
(for)e(whic)m(h)h(a)g(trap)150 1357 y(has)c(b)s(een)f(set,)i(the)f
(trap)g(will)g(not)g(b)s(e)f(executed)i(un)m(til)f(the)g(command)f
(completes.)55 b(When)35 b(Bash)g(is)150 1467 y(w)m(aiting)j(for)f(an)g
(async)m(hronous)g(command)g(via)h(the)f Fs(wait)f Ft(builtin,)i(the)g
(reception)g(of)f(a)g(signal)h(for)150 1576 y(whic)m(h)d(a)g(trap)g
(has)g(b)s(een)f(set)h(will)h(cause)f(the)g Fs(wait)f
Ft(builtin)h(to)g(return)f(immediately)i(with)f(an)g(exit)150
1686 y(status)c(greater)g(than)f(128,)i(immediately)g(after)f(whic)m(h)
f(the)h(trap)f(is)g(executed.)150 1935 y Fr(3.8)68 b(Shell)45
b(Scripts)150 2094 y Ft(A)30 b(shell)f(script)h(is)f(a)h(text)h(\014le)
f(con)m(taining)h(shell)f(commands.)40 b(When)29 b(suc)m(h)g(a)h
(\014le)g(is)f(used)g(as)h(the)g(\014rst)150 2204 y(non-option)i
(argumen)m(t)h(when)e(in)m(v)m(oking)i(Bash,)g(and)e(neither)h(the)g(`)
p Fs(-c)p Ft(')g(nor)g(`)p Fs(-s)p Ft(')g(option)g(is)g(supplied)150
2313 y(\(see)25 b(Section)h(6.1)f([In)m(v)m(oking)h(Bash],)g(page)f
(71\),)i(Bash)e(reads)f(and)g(executes)i(commands)e(from)g(the)h
(\014le,)150 2423 y(then)32 b(exits.)46 b(This)32 b(mo)s(de)f(of)i(op)s
(eration)f(creates)i(a)e(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell.)46
b(The)31 b(shell)i(\014rst)e(searc)m(hes)150 2532 y(for)d(the)g(\014le)
g(in)g(the)g(curren)m(t)f(directory)-8 b(,)30 b(and)d(lo)s(oks)i(in)e
(the)i(directories)g(in)e Fs($PATH)g Ft(if)h(not)g(found)e(there.)275
2678 y(When)34 b(Bash)h(runs)e(a)i(shell)g(script,)g(it)h(sets)f(the)f
(sp)s(ecial)i(parameter)f Fs(0)f Ft(to)h(the)g(name)g(of)g(the)g
(\014le,)150 2787 y(rather)k(than)g(the)h(name)f(of)h(the)f(shell,)j
(and)d(the)h(p)s(ositional)g(parameters)f(are)h(set)g(to)g(the)g
(remain-)150 2897 y(ing)f(argumen)m(ts,)j(if)d(an)m(y)g(are)g(giv)m
(en.)67 b(If)39 b(no)g(additional)g(argumen)m(ts)h(are)f(supplied,)h
(the)f(p)s(ositional)150 3007 y(parameters)31 b(are)f(unset.)275
3152 y(A)39 b(shell)h(script)f(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(made)h(executable)h(b)m
(y)e(using)g(the)h Fs(chmod)e Ft(command)h(to)h(turn)e(on)i(the)150
3262 y(execute)j(bit.)73 b(When)41 b(Bash)g(\014nds)e(suc)m(h)i(a)h
(\014le)f(while)g(searc)m(hing)h(the)f Fs($PATH)f Ft(for)h(a)h
(command,)h(it)150 3371 y(spa)m(wns)30 b(a)g(subshell)g(to)h(execute)h
(it.)41 b(In)30 b(other)g(w)m(ords,)g(executing)390 3517
y Fs(filename)46 b Fi(arguments)150 3662 y Ft(is)30 b(equiv)-5
b(alen)m(t)32 b(to)f(executing)390 3808 y Fs(bash)47
b(filename)e Fi(arguments)150 3953 y Ft(if)30 b Fs(filename)d
Ft(is)j(an)f(executable)j(shell)e(script.)40 b(This)29
b(subshell)g(reinitializes)i(itself,)g(so)f(that)h(the)e(e\013ect)150
4063 y(is)36 b(as)h(if)g(a)f(new)g(shell)h(had)f(b)s(een)g(in)m(v)m(ok)
m(ed)h(to)h(in)m(terpret)e(the)h(script,)h(with)e(the)h(exception)h
(that)f(the)150 4172 y(lo)s(cations)25 b(of)g(commands)e(remem)m(b)s
(ered)h(b)m(y)g(the)g(paren)m(t)g(\(see)h(the)f(description)g(of)g
Fs(hash)f Ft(in)h(Section)h(4.1)150 4282 y([Bourne)30
b(Shell)h(Builtins],)g(page)g(35\))h(are)e(retained)h(b)m(y)f(the)h(c)m
(hild.)275 4427 y(Most)36 b(v)m(ersions)g(of)g(Unix)f(mak)m(e)h(this)g
(a)g(part)f(of)h(the)g(op)s(erating)g(system's)f(command)h(execution)
150 4537 y(mec)m(hanism.)50 b(If)33 b(the)g(\014rst)g(line)h(of)f(a)h
(script)f(b)s(egins)g(with)g(the)g(t)m(w)m(o)i(c)m(haracters)g(`)p
Fs(#!)p Ft(',)f(the)g(remainder)150 4647 y(of)d(the)g(line)h(sp)s
(eci\014es)e(an)h(in)m(terpreter)g(for)g(the)g(program.)43
b(Th)m(us,)30 b(y)m(ou)h(can)h(sp)s(ecify)e(Bash,)i Fs(awk)p
Ft(,)e(P)m(erl,)150 4756 y(or)g(some)h(other)g(in)m(terpreter)g(and)e
(write)i(the)f(rest)h(of)g(the)f(script)g(\014le)h(in)f(that)h
(language.)275 4902 y(The)40 b(argumen)m(ts)h(to)g(the)g(in)m
(terpreter)g(consist)g(of)g(a)g(single)h(optional)f(argumen)m(t)h
(follo)m(wing)g(the)150 5011 y(in)m(terpreter)33 b(name)h(on)f(the)g
(\014rst)f(line)i(of)f(the)g(script)g(\014le,)h(follo)m(w)m(ed)h(b)m(y)
e(the)g(name)g(of)g(the)h(script)f(\014le,)150 5121 y(follo)m(w)m(ed)g
(b)m(y)f(the)f(rest)h(of)g(the)f(argumen)m(ts.)45 b(Bash)31
b(will)h(p)s(erform)e(this)i(action)h(on)e(op)s(erating)h(systems)150
5230 y(that)24 b(do)g(not)f(handle)g(it)h(themselv)m(es.)40
b(Note)25 b(that)f(some)g(older)g(v)m(ersions)f(of)h(Unix)f(limit)i
(the)f(in)m(terpreter)150 5340 y(name)30 b(and)g(argumen)m(t)h(to)g(a)g
(maxim)m(um)f(of)h(32)g(c)m(haracters.)p eop end
%%Page: 34 40
TeXDict begin 34 39 bop 150 -116 a Ft(34)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)275 299 y(Bash)h(scripts)g(often)g(b)s(egin)g
(with)g Fs(#!)e(/bin/bash)g Ft(\(assuming)i(that)h(Bash)f(has)g(b)s
(een)f(installed)i(in)150 408 y(`)p Fs(/bin)p Ft('\),)25
b(since)e(this)g(ensures)f(that)i(Bash)f(will)h(b)s(e)e(used)h(to)h(in)
m(terpret)f(the)g(script,)i(ev)m(en)f(if)f(it)h(is)f(executed)150
518 y(under)29 b(another)h(shell.)p eop end
%%Page: 35 41
TeXDict begin 35 40 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(35)150 299 y Fo(4)80
b(Shell)53 b(Builtin)f(Commands)150 541 y Ft(Builtin)34
b(commands)f(are)h(con)m(tained)g(within)f(the)h(shell)g(itself.)50
b(When)34 b(the)f(name)h(of)f(a)h(builtin)f(com-)150
651 y(mand)26 b(is)i(used)e(as)i(the)g(\014rst)e(w)m(ord)h(of)h(a)f
(simple)h(command)f(\(see)h(Section)g(3.2.1)h([Simple)f(Commands],)150
760 y(page)21 b(8\),)j(the)d(shell)g(executes)h(the)f(command)f
(directly)-8 b(,)24 b(without)d(in)m(v)m(oking)h(another)f(program.)37
b(Builtin)150 870 y(commands)f(are)h(necessary)g(to)g(implemen)m(t)g
(functionalit)m(y)h(imp)s(ossible)e(or)h(incon)m(v)m(enien)m(t)h(to)f
(obtain)150 979 y(with)30 b(separate)h(utilities.)275
1117 y(This)c(section)j(brie\015y)e(describ)s(es)g(the)h(builtins)f
(whic)m(h)g(Bash)h(inherits)f(from)g(the)h(Bourne)g(Shell,)g(as)150
1226 y(w)m(ell)i(as)g(the)g(builtin)e(commands)h(whic)m(h)h(are)f
(unique)g(to)h(or)f(ha)m(v)m(e)i(b)s(een)d(extended)i(in)f(Bash.)275
1363 y(Sev)m(eral)45 b(builtin)e(commands)h(are)h(describ)s(ed)e(in)h
(other)g(c)m(hapters:)69 b(builtin)43 b(commands)h(whic)m(h)150
1473 y(pro)m(vide)23 b(the)h(Bash)f(in)m(terface)i(to)f(the)g(job)f
(con)m(trol)i(facilities)g(\(see)f(Section)h(7.2)f([Job)f(Con)m(trol)h
(Builtins],)150 1583 y(page)40 b(90\),)j(the)c(directory)h(stac)m(k)g
(\(see)g(Section)g(6.8.1)h([Directory)g(Stac)m(k)f(Builtins],)i(page)e
(81\),)j(the)150 1692 y(command)23 b(history)h(\(see)g(Section)g(9.2)h
([Bash)f(History)g(Builtins],)h(page)g(121\),)h(and)d(the)h
(programmable)150 1802 y(completion)32 b(facilities)g(\(see)g(Section)f
(8.7)g([Programmable)g(Completion)g(Builtins],)g(page)h(117\).)275
1939 y(Man)m(y)f(of)f(the)h(builtins)e(ha)m(v)m(e)j(b)s(een)e(extended)
g(b)m(y)g Fl(posix)g Ft(or)g(Bash.)275 2076 y(Unless)39
b(otherwise)h(noted,)i(eac)m(h)f(builtin)e(command)g(do)s(cumen)m(ted)g
(as)h(accepting)h(options)f(pre-)150 2186 y(ceded)33
b(b)m(y)h(`)p Fs(-)p Ft(')f(accepts)i(`)p Fs(--)p Ft(')e(to)h(signify)f
(the)h(end)e(of)i(the)f(options.)50 b(The)33 b Fs(:)p
Ft(,)h Fs(true)p Ft(,)f Fs(false)p Ft(,)f(and)h Fs(test)150
2295 y Ft(builtins)i(do)g(not)h(accept)g(options)g(and)f(do)g(not)h
(treat)g(`)p Fs(--)p Ft(')f(sp)s(ecially)-8 b(.)57 b(The)35
b Fs(exit)p Ft(,)h Fs(logout)p Ft(,)f Fs(break)p Ft(,)150
2405 y Fs(continue)p Ft(,)29 b Fs(let)p Ft(,)i(and)g
Fs(shift)f Ft(builtins)g(accept)j(and)e(pro)s(cess)g(argumen)m(ts)g(b)s
(eginning)g(with)g(`)p Fs(-)p Ft(')g(with-)150 2515 y(out)f(requiring)f
(`)p Fs(--)p Ft('.)41 b(Other)29 b(builtins)h(that)g(accept)h(argumen)m
(ts)f(but)g(are)g(not)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(as)h(accepting)150
2624 y(options)25 b(in)m(terpret)f(argumen)m(ts)h(b)s(eginning)e(with)h
(`)p Fs(-)p Ft(')h(as)f(in)m(v)-5 b(alid)25 b(options)g(and)e(require)h
(`)p Fs(--)p Ft(')g(to)h(prev)m(en)m(t)150 2734 y(this)30
b(in)m(terpretation.)150 2970 y Fr(4.1)68 b(Bourne)45
b(Shell)g(Builtins)150 3130 y Ft(The)22 b(follo)m(wing)j(shell)d
(builtin)h(commands)f(are)h(inherited)g(from)f(the)h(Bourne)g(Shell.)38
b(These)22 b(commands)150 3239 y(are)31 b(implemen)m(ted)g(as)f(sp)s
(eci\014ed)g(b)m(y)g(the)h Fl(posix)e Ft(standard.)150
3403 y Fs(:)h Ft(\(a)h(colon\))870 3512 y Fs(:)47 b([)p
Fi(arguments)11 b Fs(])630 3648 y Ft(Do)43 b(nothing)f(b)s(ey)m(ond)g
(expanding)f Fq(argumen)m(ts)46 b Ft(and)c(p)s(erforming)f
(redirections.)76 b(The)630 3758 y(return)29 b(status)i(is)f(zero.)150
3920 y Fs(.)g Ft(\(a)h(p)s(erio)s(d\))870 4029 y Fs(.)47
b Fi(filename)57 b Fs([)p Fi(arguments)11 b Fs(])630
4165 y Ft(Read)34 b(and)f(execute)i(commands)e(from)g(the)h
Fq(\014lename)39 b Ft(argumen)m(t)34 b(in)f(the)h(curren)m(t)g(shell)
630 4275 y(con)m(text.)45 b(If)31 b Fq(\014lename)37
b Ft(do)s(es)31 b(not)g(con)m(tain)i(a)e(slash,)h(the)g
Fs(PATH)e Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)32 b(is)f(used)f(to)i(\014nd)630
4384 y Fq(\014lename)5 b Ft(.)51 b(When)34 b(Bash)g(is)g(not)g(in)f
Fl(posix)g Ft(mo)s(de,)i(the)f(curren)m(t)f(directory)i(is)e(searc)m
(hed)630 4494 y(if)e Fq(\014lename)36 b Ft(is)31 b(not)h(found)d(in)i
Fs($PATH)p Ft(.)41 b(If)31 b(an)m(y)g Fq(argumen)m(ts)k
Ft(are)c(supplied,)f(they)i(b)s(ecome)630 4604 y(the)e(p)s(ositional)h
(parameters)g(when)e Fq(\014lename)35 b Ft(is)30 b(executed.)42
b(Otherwise)30 b(the)g(p)s(ositional)630 4713 y(parameters)43
b(are)h(unc)m(hanged.)79 b(The)42 b(return)g(status)i(is)f(the)g(exit)h
(status)g(of)f(the)g(last)630 4823 y(command)37 b(executed,)k(or)c
(zero)h(if)g(no)f(commands)g(are)h(executed.)63 b(If)36
b Fq(\014lename)43 b Ft(is)38 b(not)630 4932 y(found,)22
b(or)f(cannot)g(b)s(e)f(read,)j(the)e(return)f(status)h(is)g(non-zero.)
38 b(This)20 b(builtin)h(is)f(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)630
5042 y(to)31 b Fs(source)p Ft(.)150 5204 y Fs(break)870
5340 y(break)46 b([)p Fi(n)11 b Fs(])p eop end
%%Page: 36 42
TeXDict begin 36 41 bop 150 -116 a Ft(36)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)630 299 y(Exit)45 b(from)f(a)g
Fs(for)p Ft(,)k Fs(while)p Ft(,)e Fs(until)p Ft(,)h(or)d
Fs(select)f Ft(lo)s(op.)83 b(If)44 b Fq(n)g Ft(is)g(supplied,)j(the)e
Fq(n)p Ft(th)630 408 y(enclosing)c(lo)s(op)f(is)h(exited.)70
b Fq(n)40 b Ft(m)m(ust)g(b)s(e)f(greater)j(than)d(or)i(equal)f(to)h(1.)
70 b(The)40 b(return)630 518 y(status)31 b(is)f(zero)h(unless)f
Fq(n)g Ft(is)g(not)h(greater)g(than)g(or)f(equal)h(to)g(1.)150
671 y Fs(cd)870 803 y(cd)47 b([-L|-P])f([)p Fi(directory)11
b Fs(])630 934 y Ft(Change)36 b(the)h(curren)m(t)f(w)m(orking)g
(directory)h(to)g Fq(directory)8 b Ft(.)59 b(If)35 b
Fq(directory)45 b Ft(is)36 b(not)h(giv)m(en,)630 1044
y(the)31 b(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(of)g(the)g Fs(HOME)e Ft(shell)i(v)-5
b(ariable)32 b(is)f(used.)40 b(If)31 b(the)g(shell)g(v)-5
b(ariable)31 b Fs(CDPATH)e Ft(exists,)630 1154 y(it)f(is)f(used)f(as)h
(a)h(searc)m(h)f(path.)40 b(If)26 b Fq(directory)35 b
Ft(b)s(egins)27 b(with)g(a)g(slash,)h Fs(CDPATH)d Ft(is)i(not)g(used.)
630 1285 y(The)h(`)p Fs(-P)p Ft(')h(option)g(means)f(to)h(not)g(follo)m
(w)h(sym)m(b)s(olic)f(links;)g(sym)m(b)s(olic)g(links)f(are)h(follo)m
(w)m(ed)630 1395 y(b)m(y)23 b(default)h(or)g(with)f(the)h(`)p
Fs(-L)p Ft(')f(option.)39 b(If)23 b Fq(directory)32 b
Ft(is)23 b(`)p Fs(-)p Ft(',)j(it)e(is)f(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)25
b(to)g Fs($OLDPWD)p Ft(.)630 1526 y(If)33 b(a)h(non-empt)m(y)g
(directory)g(name)f(from)g Fs(CDPATH)f Ft(is)h(used,)h(or)g(if)f(`)p
Fs(-)p Ft(')h(is)f(the)h(\014rst)f(argu-)630 1636 y(men)m(t,)28
b(and)e(the)h(directory)g(c)m(hange)h(is)f(successful,)h(the)f
(absolute)g(pathname)g(of)f(the)h(new)630 1745 y(w)m(orking)k
(directory)g(is)f(written)g(to)i(the)e(standard)g(output.)630
1877 y(The)f(return)g(status)h(is)f(zero)i(if)e(the)h(directory)g(is)g
(successfully)g(c)m(hanged,)g(non-zero)g(oth-)630 1987
y(erwise.)150 2140 y Fs(continue)870 2271 y(continue)46
b([)p Fi(n)11 b Fs(])630 2403 y Ft(Resume)32 b(the)g(next)g(iteration)i
(of)e(an)g(enclosing)h Fs(for)p Ft(,)f Fs(while)p Ft(,)f
Fs(until)p Ft(,)g(or)h Fs(select)f Ft(lo)s(op.)630 2513
y(If)f Fq(n)h Ft(is)g(supplied,)e(the)j(execution)g(of)f(the)g
Fq(n)p Ft(th)f(enclosing)i(lo)s(op)f(is)f(resumed.)42
b Fq(n)30 b Ft(m)m(ust)h(b)s(e)630 2622 y(greater)39
b(than)f(or)g(equal)g(to)h(1.)63 b(The)38 b(return)e(status)j(is)e
(zero)i(unless)e Fq(n)h Ft(is)g(not)g(greater)630 2732
y(than)30 b(or)g(equal)h(to)g(1.)150 2885 y Fs(eval)870
3017 y(eval)47 b([)p Fi(arguments)11 b Fs(])630 3148
y Ft(The)25 b(argumen)m(ts)h(are)g(concatenated)i(together)f(in)m(to)f
(a)g(single)h(command,)f(whic)m(h)g(is)f(then)630 3258
y(read)35 b(and)g(executed,)j(and)d(its)h(exit)g(status)g(returned)e
(as)h(the)h(exit)g(status)g(of)g Fs(eval)p Ft(.)54 b(If)630
3367 y(there)31 b(are)f(no)h(argumen)m(ts)f(or)h(only)f(empt)m(y)h
(argumen)m(ts,)g(the)f(return)g(status)g(is)h(zero.)150
3521 y Fs(exec)870 3652 y(exec)47 b([-cl])f([-a)h Fi(name)11
b Fs(])46 b([)p Fi(command)56 b Fs([)p Fi(arguments)11
b Fs(]])630 3784 y Ft(If)36 b Fq(command)k Ft(is)c(supplied,)h(it)g
(replaces)h(the)e(shell)h(without)f(creating)i(a)f(new)f(pro)s(cess.)
630 3893 y(If)h(the)g(`)p Fs(-l)p Ft(')g(option)h(is)f(supplied,)g(the)
h(shell)f(places)h(a)g(dash)e(at)i(the)f(b)s(eginning)f(of)i(the)630
4003 y(zeroth)e(argumen)m(t)g(passed)f(to)h Fq(command)t
Ft(.)56 b(This)34 b(is)i(what)f(the)h Fs(login)e Ft(program)h(do)s(es.)
630 4113 y(The)e(`)p Fs(-c)p Ft(')h(option)g(causes)g
Fq(command)j Ft(to)e(b)s(e)e(executed)i(with)e(an)h(empt)m(y)g(en)m
(vironmen)m(t.)630 4222 y(If)d(`)p Fs(-a)p Ft(')g(is)h(supplied,)f(the)
g(shell)h(passes)f Fq(name)37 b Ft(as)31 b(the)h(zeroth)g(argumen)m(t)g
(to)g Fq(command)t Ft(.)630 4332 y(If)45 b(no)g Fq(command)k
Ft(is)c(sp)s(eci\014ed,)k(redirections)d(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(used)f(to)j
(a\013ect)g(the)e(curren)m(t)630 4441 y(shell)33 b(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)
48 b(If)32 b(there)h(are)g(no)f(redirection)h(errors,)g(the)g(return)e
(status)i(is)g(zero;)630 4551 y(otherwise)e(the)f(return)g(status)g(is)
h(non-zero.)150 4704 y Fs(exit)870 4836 y(exit)47 b([)p
Fi(n)11 b Fs(])630 4967 y Ft(Exit)30 b(the)g(shell,)h(returning)d(a)j
(status)f(of)g Fq(n)f Ft(to)h(the)g(shell's)g(paren)m(t.)41
b(If)30 b Fq(n)f Ft(is)h(omitted,)h(the)630 5077 y(exit)c(status)g(is)g
(that)g(of)g(the)g(last)g(command)f(executed.)41 b(An)m(y)26
b(trap)h(on)f Fs(EXIT)f Ft(is)i(executed)630 5187 y(b)s(efore)j(the)h
(shell)f(terminates.)150 5340 y Fs(export)p eop end
%%Page: 37 43
TeXDict begin 37 42 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(37)870 299 y Fs(export)46
b([-fn])g([-p])h([)p Fi(name)11 b Fs([=)p Fi(value)g
Fs(]])630 432 y Ft(Mark)40 b(eac)m(h)h Fq(name)k Ft(to)40
b(b)s(e)f(passed)g(to)i(c)m(hild)f(pro)s(cesses)f(in)g(the)h(en)m
(vironmen)m(t.)70 b(If)39 b(the)630 542 y(`)p Fs(-f)p
Ft(')29 b(option)h(is)g(supplied,)f(the)g Fq(name)5 b
Ft(s)30 b(refer)f(to)h(shell)g(functions;)f(otherwise)h(the)g(names)630
651 y(refer)36 b(to)i(shell)e(v)-5 b(ariables.)60 b(The)36
b(`)p Fs(-n)p Ft(')h(option)g(means)f(to)h(no)g(longer)g(mark)f(eac)m
(h)i Fq(name)630 761 y Ft(for)h(exp)s(ort.)65 b(If)39
b(no)g Fq(names)j Ft(are)d(supplied,)h(or)f(if)g(the)g(`)p
Fs(-p)p Ft(')g(option)g(is)g(giv)m(en,)j(a)d(list)h(of)630
870 y(exp)s(orted)c(names)h(is)f(displa)m(y)m(ed.)60
b(The)37 b(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(')f(option)h(displa)m(ys)g(output)f(in)g(a)h
(form)f(that)630 980 y(ma)m(y)31 b(b)s(e)f(reused)g(as)h(input.)41
b(If)31 b(a)g(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(name)g(is)g(follo)m(w)m(ed)i(b)m(y)d
(=)p Fq(v)-5 b(alue)5 b Ft(,)32 b(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)31
b(of)630 1089 y(the)g(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(is)f(set)h(to)g
Fq(v)-5 b(alue)5 b Ft(.)630 1223 y(The)29 b(return)e(status)j(is)f
(zero)h(unless)e(an)h(in)m(v)-5 b(alid)29 b(option)h(is)f(supplied,)f
(one)i(of)f(the)g(names)630 1332 y(is)h(not)h(a)f(v)-5
b(alid)31 b(shell)f(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(name,)f(or)h(`)p
Fs(-f)p Ft(')f(is)g(supplied)f(with)g(a)i(name)f(that)h(is)f(not)h(a)
630 1442 y(shell)g(function.)150 1598 y Fs(getopts)870
1731 y(getopts)46 b Fi(optstring)56 b(name)h Fs([)p Fi(args)11
b Fs(])630 1864 y(getopts)28 b Ft(is)i(used)g(b)m(y)g(shell)g(scripts)g
(to)g(parse)g(p)s(ositional)h(parameters.)41 b Fq(optstring)d
Ft(con-)630 1974 y(tains)k(the)g(option)f(c)m(haracters)i(to)g(b)s(e)d
(recognized;)49 b(if)42 b(a)f(c)m(haracter)j(is)d(follo)m(w)m(ed)i(b)m
(y)f(a)630 2084 y(colon,)33 b(the)f(option)g(is)g(exp)s(ected)g(to)h
(ha)m(v)m(e)g(an)e(argumen)m(t,)i(whic)m(h)f(should)e(b)s(e)h
(separated)630 2193 y(from)37 b(it)h(b)m(y)f(white)h(space.)63
b(The)37 b(colon)h(\(`)p Fs(:)p Ft('\))h(and)d(question)i(mark)f(\(`)p
Fs(?)p Ft('\))i(ma)m(y)f(not)g(b)s(e)630 2303 y(used)g(as)g(option)h(c)
m(haracters.)67 b(Eac)m(h)39 b(time)g(it)g(is)f(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed,)k
Fs(getopts)37 b Ft(places)i(the)g(next)630 2412 y(option)29
b(in)f(the)g(shell)h(v)-5 b(ariable)29 b Fq(name)5 b
Ft(,)29 b(initializing)h Fq(name)k Ft(if)28 b(it)h(do)s(es)f(not)g
(exist,)i(and)e(the)630 2522 y(index)33 b(of)g(the)h(next)f(argumen)m
(t)h(to)g(b)s(e)e(pro)s(cessed)h(in)m(to)h(the)g(v)-5
b(ariable)34 b Fs(OPTIND)p Ft(.)48 b Fs(OPTIND)630 2632
y Ft(is)41 b(initialized)i(to)f(1)f(eac)m(h)h(time)g(the)f(shell)g(or)g
(a)g(shell)g(script)g(is)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed.)74 b(When)41
b(an)630 2741 y(option)36 b(requires)e(an)h(argumen)m(t,)i
Fs(getopts)c Ft(places)j(that)g(argumen)m(t)g(in)m(to)g(the)f(v)-5
b(ariable)630 2851 y Fs(OPTARG)p Ft(.)55 b(The)35 b(shell)g(do)s(es)h
(not)g(reset)g Fs(OPTIND)e Ft(automatically;)41 b(it)36
b(m)m(ust)f(b)s(e)g(man)m(ually)630 2960 y(reset)i(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)g
(m)m(ultiple)h(calls)f(to)g Fs(getopts)e Ft(within)h(the)h(same)g
(shell)f(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation)j(if)e(a)630 3070 y(new)30
b(set)h(of)f(parameters)h(is)f(to)i(b)s(e)d(used.)630
3203 y(When)41 b(the)h(end)e(of)i(options)g(is)f(encoun)m(tered,)k
Fs(getopts)39 b Ft(exits)j(with)f(a)h(return)e(v)-5 b(alue)630
3313 y(greater)32 b(than)e(zero.)41 b Fs(OPTIND)29 b
Ft(is)h(set)h(to)g(the)g(index)f(of)g(the)h(\014rst)f(non-option)g
(argumen)m(t,)630 3422 y(and)g Fs(name)f Ft(is)h(set)h(to)g(`)p
Fs(?)p Ft('.)630 3555 y Fs(getopts)c Ft(normally)j(parses)e(the)i(p)s
(ositional)g(parameters,)g(but)e(if)i(more)f(argumen)m(ts)h(are)630
3665 y(giv)m(en)h(in)f Fq(args)t Ft(,)h Fs(getopts)e
Ft(parses)g(those)i(instead.)630 3798 y Fs(getopts)h
Ft(can)h(rep)s(ort)g(errors)g(in)h(t)m(w)m(o)h(w)m(a)m(ys.)51
b(If)33 b(the)h(\014rst)e(c)m(haracter)k(of)d Fq(optstring)42
b Ft(is)34 b(a)630 3907 y(colon,)i Fq(silen)m(t)i Ft(error)33
b(rep)s(orting)h(is)h(used.)51 b(In)33 b(normal)i(op)s(eration)f
(diagnostic)i(messages)630 4017 y(are)30 b(prin)m(ted)e(when)g(in)m(v)
-5 b(alid)30 b(options)g(or)f(missing)g(option)g(argumen)m(ts)h(are)f
(encoun)m(tered.)630 4127 y(If)34 b(the)g(v)-5 b(ariable)35
b Fs(OPTERR)d Ft(is)i(set)h(to)f(0,)i(no)e(error)g(messages)h(will)f(b)
s(e)f(displa)m(y)m(ed,)j(ev)m(en)f(if)630 4236 y(the)c(\014rst)e(c)m
(haracter)j(of)f Fs(optstring)d Ft(is)i(not)h(a)f(colon.)630
4369 y(If)39 b(an)h(in)m(v)-5 b(alid)41 b(option)f(is)g(seen,)i
Fs(getopts)c Ft(places)j(`)p Fs(?)p Ft(')f(in)m(to)h
Fq(name)k Ft(and,)d(if)e(not)g(silen)m(t,)630 4479 y(prin)m(ts)f(an)h
(error)f(message)h(and)f(unsets)g Fs(OPTARG)p Ft(.)67
b(If)39 b Fs(getopts)f Ft(is)i(silen)m(t,)j(the)c(option)630
4589 y(c)m(haracter)32 b(found)d(is)h(placed)h(in)f Fs(OPTARG)f
Ft(and)h(no)g(diagnostic)i(message)f(is)g(prin)m(ted.)630
4722 y(If)c(a)g(required)f(argumen)m(t)i(is)f(not)g(found,)g(and)f
Fs(getopts)f Ft(is)i(not)h(silen)m(t,)h(a)e(question)g(mark)630
4831 y(\(`)p Fs(?)p Ft('\))35 b(is)g(placed)g(in)g Fq(name)5
b Ft(,)36 b Fs(OPTARG)d Ft(is)h(unset,)i(and)e(a)h(diagnostic)h
(message)f(is)g(prin)m(ted.)630 4941 y(If)e Fs(getopts)f
Ft(is)h(silen)m(t,)j(then)d(a)i(colon)f(\(`)p Fs(:)p
Ft('\))h(is)e(placed)h(in)g Fq(name)k Ft(and)33 b Fs(OPTARG)f
Ft(is)i(set)g(to)630 5050 y(the)d(option)f(c)m(haracter)i(found.)150
5207 y Fs(hash)870 5340 y(hash)47 b([-r])f([-p)h Fi(filename)11
b Fs(])45 b([-dt])h([)p Fi(name)11 b Fs(])p eop end
%%Page: 38 44
TeXDict begin 38 43 bop 150 -116 a Ft(38)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)630 299 y(Remem)m(b)s(er)36 b(the)g(full)g
(pathnames)g(of)g(commands)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(as)g Fq(name)41
b Ft(argumen)m(ts,)e(so)630 408 y(they)34 b(need)h(not)f(b)s(e)g(searc)
m(hed)h(for)f(on)g(subsequen)m(t)f(in)m(v)m(o)s(cations.)55
b(The)34 b(commands)g(are)630 518 y(found)39 b(b)m(y)i(searc)m(hing)g
(through)f(the)h(directories)g(listed)g(in)f Fs($PATH)p
Ft(.)70 b(The)40 b(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(')g(option)630 628
y(inhibits)e(the)h(path)f(searc)m(h,)j(and)d Fq(\014lename)44
b Ft(is)39 b(used)f(as)g(the)h(lo)s(cation)h(of)f Fq(name)5
b Ft(.)65 b(The)630 737 y(`)p Fs(-r)p Ft(')28 b(option)g(causes)g(the)g
(shell)h(to)f(forget)h(all)g(remem)m(b)s(ered)e(lo)s(cations.)41
b(The)28 b(`)p Fs(-d)p Ft(')f(option)630 847 y(causes)38
b(the)f(shell)h(to)g(forget)g(the)f(remem)m(b)s(ered)g(lo)s(cation)i
(of)e(eac)m(h)h Fq(name)5 b Ft(.)62 b(If)37 b(the)g(`)p
Fs(-t)p Ft(')630 956 y(option)22 b(is)g(supplied,)g(the)g(full)f
(pathname)h(to)g(whic)m(h)g(eac)m(h)g Fq(name)27 b Ft(corresp)s(onds)20
b(is)i(prin)m(ted.)630 1066 y(If)33 b(m)m(ultiple)h Fq(name)k
Ft(argumen)m(ts)c(are)f(supplied)f(with)h(`)p Fs(-t)p
Ft(')g(the)h Fq(name)k Ft(is)c(prin)m(ted)e(b)s(efore)630
1176 y(the)h(hashed)f(full)g(pathname.)48 b(The)32 b(`)p
Fs(-l)p Ft(')h(option)g(causes)g(output)f(to)i(b)s(e)e(displa)m(y)m(ed)
h(in)g(a)630 1285 y(format)f(that)g(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(reused)g(as)g
(input.)43 b(If)31 b(no)h(argumen)m(ts)g(are)f(giv)m(en,)j(or)d(if)g
(only)h(`)p Fs(-l)p Ft(')630 1395 y(is)j(supplied,)f(information)h(ab)s
(out)g(remem)m(b)s(ered)f(commands)g(is)h(prin)m(ted.)53
b(The)34 b(return)630 1504 y(status)d(is)f(zero)h(unless)f(a)h
Fq(name)k Ft(is)c(not)f(found)f(or)i(an)f(in)m(v)-5 b(alid)31
b(option)g(is)f(supplied.)150 1672 y Fs(pwd)870 1811
y(pwd)47 b([-LP])630 1950 y Ft(Prin)m(t)24 b(the)h(absolute)g(pathname)
g(of)f(the)h(curren)m(t)f(w)m(orking)h(directory)-8 b(.)40
b(If)23 b(the)i(`)p Fs(-P)p Ft(')f(option)630 2060 y(is)36
b(supplied,)f(the)h(pathname)f(prin)m(ted)g(will)h(not)g(con)m(tain)h
(sym)m(b)s(olic)f(links.)55 b(If)35 b(the)h(`)p Fs(-L)p
Ft(')630 2169 y(option)44 b(is)g(supplied,)i(the)e(pathname)f(prin)m
(ted)h(ma)m(y)g(con)m(tain)h(sym)m(b)s(olic)f(links.)80
b(The)630 2279 y(return)26 b(status)h(is)h(zero)g(unless)e(an)h(error)g
(is)g(encoun)m(tered)g(while)h(determining)f(the)g(name)630
2388 y(of)k(the)f(curren)m(t)g(directory)h(or)f(an)h(in)m(v)-5
b(alid)31 b(option)g(is)f(supplied.)150 2556 y Fs(readonly)870
2695 y(readonly)46 b([-aApf])f([)p Fi(name)11 b Fs([=)p
Fi(value)g Fs(]])43 b(...)630 2834 y Ft(Mark)24 b(eac)m(h)h
Fq(name)k Ft(as)24 b(readonly)-8 b(.)39 b(The)24 b(v)-5
b(alues)24 b(of)g(these)g(names)g(ma)m(y)g(not)g(b)s(e)g(c)m(hanged)g
(b)m(y)630 2944 y(subsequen)m(t)e(assignmen)m(t.)39 b(If)22
b(the)h(`)p Fs(-f)p Ft(')f(option)i(is)e(supplied,)h(eac)m(h)h
Fq(name)k Ft(refers)22 b(to)i(a)f(shell)630 3053 y(function.)39
b(The)26 b(`)p Fs(-a)p Ft(')h(option)g(means)g(eac)m(h)h
Fq(name)k Ft(refers)26 b(to)i(an)e(indexed)h(arra)m(y)g(v)-5
b(ariable;)630 3163 y(the)33 b(`)p Fs(-A)p Ft(')g(option)g(means)g(eac)
m(h)h Fq(name)k Ft(refers)32 b(to)h(an)g(asso)s(ciativ)m(e)j(arra)m(y)d
(v)-5 b(ariable.)49 b(If)32 b(no)630 3272 y Fq(name)f
Ft(argumen)m(ts)26 b(are)g(giv)m(en,)i(or)d(if)h(the)g(`)p
Fs(-p)p Ft(')f(option)h(is)g(supplied,)f(a)h(list)h(of)e(all)i
(readonly)630 3382 y(names)37 b(is)g(prin)m(ted.)59 b(The)37
b(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(')f(option)i(causes)f(output)g(to)g(b)s(e)f(displa)m
(y)m(ed)i(in)e(a)i(format)630 3492 y(that)25 b(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)e(reused)
h(as)g(input.)38 b(If)24 b(a)g(v)-5 b(ariable)25 b(name)g(is)f(follo)m
(w)m(ed)i(b)m(y)e(=)p Fq(v)-5 b(alue)5 b Ft(,)26 b(the)e(v)-5
b(alue)630 3601 y(of)26 b(the)h(v)-5 b(ariable)27 b(is)f(set)h(to)g
Fq(v)-5 b(alue)5 b Ft(.)40 b(The)26 b(return)f(status)i(is)f(zero)h
(unless)e(an)i(in)m(v)-5 b(alid)26 b(option)630 3711
y(is)k(supplied,)f(one)h(of)g(the)g Fq(name)35 b Ft(argumen)m(ts)30
b(is)g(not)g(a)g(v)-5 b(alid)31 b(shell)f(v)-5 b(ariable)30
b(or)g(function)630 3820 y(name,)h(or)f(the)h(`)p Fs(-f)p
Ft(')f(option)h(is)f(supplied)f(with)h(a)h(name)f(that)h(is)g(not)f(a)h
(shell)g(function.)150 3988 y Fs(return)870 4127 y(return)46
b([)p Fi(n)11 b Fs(])630 4266 y Ft(Cause)30 b(a)g(shell)g(function)g
(to)h(exit)f(with)g(the)g(return)f(v)-5 b(alue)31 b Fq(n)p
Ft(.)40 b(If)29 b Fq(n)h Ft(is)g(not)g(supplied,)f(the)630
4376 y(return)35 b(v)-5 b(alue)37 b(is)f(the)g(exit)h(status)f(of)h
(the)f(last)h(command)f(executed)h(in)f(the)g(function.)630
4485 y(This)21 b(ma)m(y)i(also)g(b)s(e)e(used)g(to)i(terminate)g
(execution)g(of)f(a)h(script)f(b)s(eing)f(executed)i(with)f(the)630
4595 y Fs(.)27 b Ft(\(or)g Fs(source)p Ft(\))f(builtin,)i(returning)e
(either)h Fq(n)g Ft(or)g(the)g(exit)h(status)g(of)f(the)g(last)h
(command)630 4704 y(executed)46 b(within)f(the)g(script)g(as)h(the)f
(exit)h(status)g(of)f(the)h(script.)85 b(An)m(y)45 b(command)630
4814 y(asso)s(ciated)30 b(with)e(the)g Fs(RETURN)f Ft(trap)h(is)g
(executed)h(b)s(efore)f(execution)h(resumes)f(after)h(the)630
4924 y(function)38 b(or)f(script.)63 b(The)38 b(return)e(status)i(is)g
(non-zero)h(if)e Fs(return)g Ft(is)g(used)g(outside)i(a)630
5033 y(function)30 b(and)g(not)g(during)g(the)g(execution)i(of)e(a)h
(script)f(b)m(y)h Fs(.)f Ft(or)g Fs(source)p Ft(.)150
5201 y Fs(shift)870 5340 y(shift)46 b([)p Fi(n)11 b Fs(])p
eop end
%%Page: 39 45
TeXDict begin 39 44 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(39)630 299 y(Shift)41
b(the)g(p)s(ositional)h(parameters)g(to)g(the)f(left)h(b)m(y)g
Fq(n)p Ft(.)73 b(The)40 b(p)s(ositional)j(parameters)630
408 y(from)34 b Fq(n)p Fs(+)p Ft(1)39 b(.)22 b(.)h(.)45
b Fs($#)34 b Ft(are)g(renamed)g(to)h Fs($1)k Ft(.)22
b(.)g(.)46 b Fs($#)p Ft(-)p Fq(n)p Ft(.)51 b(P)m(arameters)36
b(represen)m(ted)e(b)m(y)g(the)630 518 y(n)m(um)m(b)s(ers)25
b Fs($#)i Ft(to)g Fs($#)p Ft(-)p Fq(n)p Fs(+)p Ft(1)g(are)g(unset.)39
b Fq(n)26 b Ft(m)m(ust)h(b)s(e)f(a)i(non-negativ)m(e)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)
c(less)i(than)g(or)630 628 y(equal)33 b(to)h Fs($#)p
Ft(.)47 b(If)33 b Fq(n)f Ft(is)h(zero)g(or)g(greater)h(than)f
Fs($#)p Ft(,)g(the)g(p)s(ositional)g(parameters)g(are)h(not)630
737 y(c)m(hanged.)48 b(If)32 b Fq(n)g Ft(is)h(not)f(supplied,)h(it)g
(is)f(assumed)g(to)h(b)s(e)f(1.)48 b(The)32 b(return)g(status)h(is)f
(zero)630 847 y(unless)e Fq(n)f Ft(is)i(greater)g(than)g
Fs($#)e Ft(or)i(less)f(than)h(zero,)g(non-zero)g(otherwise.)150
1006 y Fs(test)150 1116 y([)432 b Ft(Ev)-5 b(aluate)31
b(a)g(conditional)g(expression)f Fq(expr)7 b Ft(.)40
b(Eac)m(h)30 b(op)s(erator)h(and)e(op)s(erand)g(m)m(ust)h(b)s(e)g(a)630
1225 y(separate)d(argumen)m(t.)40 b(Expressions)25 b(are)i(comp)s(osed)
e(of)i(the)f(primaries)g(describ)s(ed)f(b)s(elo)m(w)630
1335 y(in)34 b(Section)g(6.4)h([Bash)g(Conditional)f(Expressions],)h
(page)g(76.)52 b Fs(test)33 b Ft(do)s(es)g(not)h(accept)630
1445 y(an)m(y)27 b(options,)i(nor)d(do)s(es)h(it)g(accept)i(and)d
(ignore)i(an)f(argumen)m(t)g(of)g(`)p Fs(--)p Ft(')g(as)h(signifying)f
(the)630 1554 y(end)j(of)g(options.)630 1689 y(When)g(the)h
Fs([)f Ft(form)g(is)g(used,)g(the)g(last)i(argumen)m(t)e(to)i(the)e
(command)g(m)m(ust)h(b)s(e)e(a)i Fs(])p Ft(.)630 1823
y(Expressions)23 b(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(com)m(bined)i(using)f(the)h(follo)m
(wing)h(op)s(erators,)g(listed)f(in)f(decreasing)630
1933 y(order)30 b(of)h(precedence.)43 b(The)30 b(ev)-5
b(aluation)33 b(dep)s(ends)28 b(on)j(the)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)h
(argumen)m(ts;)g(see)630 2042 y(b)s(elo)m(w.)630 2202
y Fs(!)f Fi(expr)210 b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g Fq(expr)37
b Ft(is)30 b(false.)630 2361 y Fs(\()g Fi(expr)40 b Fs(\))122
b Ft(Returns)23 b(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)24 b(of)g Fq(expr)7
b Ft(.)37 b(This)23 b(ma)m(y)i(b)s(e)e(used)g(to)h(o)m(v)m(erride)h
(the)f(normal)1110 2471 y(precedence)31 b(of)f(op)s(erators.)630
2630 y Fi(expr1)39 b Fs(-a)30 b Fi(expr2)1110 2740 y
Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g(b)s(oth)g Fq(expr1)37 b Ft(and)30
b Fq(expr2)38 b Ft(are)30 b(true.)630 2899 y Fi(expr1)39
b Fs(-o)30 b Fi(expr2)1110 3009 y Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g(either)h
Fq(expr1)38 b Ft(or)30 b Fq(expr2)37 b Ft(is)31 b(true.)630
3168 y(The)37 b Fs(test)f Ft(and)g Fs([)h Ft(builtins)g(ev)-5
b(aluate)39 b(conditional)f(expressions)f(using)g(a)g(set)h(of)f(rules)
630 3278 y(based)30 b(on)g(the)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)h(argumen)m(ts.)
630 3437 y(0)h(argumen)m(ts)1110 3547 y(The)f(expression)g(is)g(false.)
630 3706 y(1)h(argumen)m(t)1110 3816 y(The)f(expression)g(is)g(true)h
(if)f(and)g(only)g(if)h(the)f(argumen)m(t)h(is)f(not)h(n)m(ull.)630
3975 y(2)g(argumen)m(ts)1110 4085 y(If)f(the)h(\014rst)f(argumen)m(t)h
(is)g(`)p Fs(!)p Ft(',)g(the)g(expression)g(is)g(true)f(if)h(and)f
(only)h(if)g(the)1110 4194 y(second)j(argumen)m(t)f(is)h(n)m(ull.)50
b(If)33 b(the)h(\014rst)e(argumen)m(t)i(is)g(one)g(of)f(the)h(unary)
1110 4304 y(conditional)42 b(op)s(erators)f(\(see)g(Section)h(6.4)f
([Bash)g(Conditional)g(Expres-)1110 4413 y(sions],)34
b(page)f(76\),)i(the)e(expression)f(is)h(true)g(if)g(the)g(unary)e
(test)j(is)f(true.)47 b(If)1110 4523 y(the)33 b(\014rst)g(argumen)m(t)h
(is)f(not)g(a)h(v)-5 b(alid)34 b(unary)e(op)s(erator,)i(the)g
(expression)f(is)1110 4633 y(false.)630 4792 y(3)e(argumen)m(ts)1110
4902 y(If)k(the)g(second)g(argumen)m(t)g(is)g(one)h(of)f(the)g(binary)f
(conditional)j(op)s(erators)1110 5011 y(\(see)23 b(Section)g(6.4)f
([Bash)h(Conditional)f(Expressions],)h(page)g(76\),)i(the)d(result)1110
5121 y(of)44 b(the)h(expression)f(is)g(the)g(result)g(of)h(the)f
(binary)g(test)h(using)e(the)i(\014rst)1110 5230 y(and)31
b(third)g(argumen)m(ts)i(as)f(op)s(erands.)44 b(The)31
b(`)p Fs(-a)p Ft(')h(and)g(`)p Fs(-o)p Ft(')f(op)s(erators)i(are)1110
5340 y(considered)25 b(binary)g(op)s(erators)g(when)f(there)i(are)f
(three)h(argumen)m(ts.)39 b(If)25 b(the)p eop end
%%Page: 40 46
TeXDict begin 40 45 bop 150 -116 a Ft(40)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)1110 299 y(\014rst)d(argumen)m(t)h(is)g(`)p
Fs(!)p Ft(',)h(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)29 b(is)g(the)g(negation)i(of)e(the)g
(t)m(w)m(o-argumen)m(t)1110 408 y(test)38 b(using)f(the)g(second)g(and)
g(third)f(argumen)m(ts.)61 b(If)37 b(the)g(\014rst)f(argumen)m(t)1110
518 y(is)j(exactly)i(`)p Fs(\()p Ft(')f(and)f(the)g(third)g(argumen)m
(t)h(is)f(exactly)i(`)p Fs(\))p Ft(',)h(the)e(result)f(is)1110
628 y(the)46 b(one-argumen)m(t)g(test)h(of)f(the)f(second)h(argumen)m
(t.)86 b(Otherwise,)50 b(the)1110 737 y(expression)30
b(is)h(false.)630 909 y(4)g(argumen)m(ts)1110 1019 y(If)h(the)i
(\014rst)e(argumen)m(t)h(is)g(`)p Fs(!)p Ft(',)h(the)f(result)g(is)g
(the)g(negation)h(of)f(the)g(three-)1110 1129 y(argumen)m(t)h
(expression)f(comp)s(osed)h(of)f(the)h(remaining)g(argumen)m(ts.)50
b(Oth-)1110 1238 y(erwise,)34 b(the)f(expression)g(is)g(parsed)g(and)f
(ev)-5 b(aluated)34 b(according)h(to)e(prece-)1110 1348
y(dence)e(using)e(the)i(rules)f(listed)h(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e.)630
1520 y(5)g(or)f(more)h(argumen)m(ts)1110 1630 y(The)43
b(expression)f(is)i(parsed)e(and)g(ev)-5 b(aluated)45
b(according)f(to)f(precedence)1110 1739 y(using)30 b(the)g(rules)g
(listed)h(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e.)150 1911 y Fs(times)870 2052
y(times)630 2193 y Ft(Prin)m(t)37 b(out)h(the)g(user)e(and)h(system)g
(times)h(used)f(b)m(y)g(the)h(shell)f(and)g(its)h(c)m(hildren.)61
b(The)630 2303 y(return)29 b(status)i(is)f(zero.)150
2475 y Fs(trap)870 2616 y(trap)47 b([-lp])f([)p Fi(arg)11
b Fs(])46 b([)p Fi(sigspec)56 b Fs(...)o(])630 2757 y
Ft(The)43 b(commands)f(in)h Fq(arg)51 b Ft(are)44 b(to)g(b)s(e)e(read)h
(and)g(executed)h(when)e(the)h(shell)g(receiv)m(es)630
2866 y(signal)36 b Fq(sigsp)s(ec)6 b Ft(.)55 b(If)35
b Fq(arg)44 b Ft(is)35 b(absen)m(t)h(\(and)f(there)g(is)g(a)h(single)g
Fq(sigsp)s(ec)6 b Ft(\))35 b(or)h(equal)f(to)i(`)p Fs(-)p
Ft(',)630 2976 y(eac)m(h)28 b(sp)s(eci\014ed)e(signal's)h(disp)s
(osition)f(is)h(reset)g(to)g(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)27 b(it)g(had)f(when)f
(the)i(shell)g(w)m(as)630 3086 y(started.)63 b(If)37
b Fq(arg)46 b Ft(is)37 b(the)h(n)m(ull)g(string,)h(then)e(the)h(signal)
h(sp)s(eci\014ed)d(b)m(y)i(eac)m(h)h Fq(sigsp)s(ec)k
Ft(is)630 3195 y(ignored)36 b(b)m(y)g(the)g(shell)g(and)g(commands)f
(it)i(in)m(v)m(ok)m(es.)59 b(If)35 b Fq(arg)45 b Ft(is)36
b(not)g(presen)m(t)g(and)f(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(')630 3305
y(has)e(b)s(een)g(supplied,)f(the)i(shell)f(displa)m(ys)h(the)f(trap)g
(commands)g(asso)s(ciated)i(with)e(eac)m(h)630 3414 y
Fq(sigsp)s(ec)6 b Ft(.)40 b(If)28 b(no)g(argumen)m(ts)h(are)g
(supplied,)f(or)g(only)h(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(')f(is)g(giv)m(en,)i
Fs(trap)e Ft(prin)m(ts)g(the)g(list)630 3524 y(of)g(commands)f(asso)s
(ciated)i(with)f(eac)m(h)h(signal)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(in)i(a)g(form)f
(that)h(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(reused)630 3634 y(as)34 b(shell)g(input.)51
b(The)33 b(`)p Fs(-l)p Ft(')h(option)g(causes)h(the)f(shell)g(to)h
(prin)m(t)e(a)i(list)f(of)g(signal)h(names)630 3743 y(and)j(their)h
(corresp)s(onding)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(ers.)65 b(Eac)m(h)39
b Fq(sigsp)s(ec)45 b Ft(is)39 b(either)g(a)g(signal)h(name)f(or)g(a)630
3853 y(signal)27 b(n)m(um)m(b)s(er.)39 b(Signal)27 b(names)f(are)h
(case)h(insensitiv)m(e)g(and)e(the)g Fs(SIG)g Ft(pre\014x)g(is)h
(optional.)630 3994 y(If)35 b(a)g Fq(sigsp)s(ec)41 b
Ft(is)35 b Fs(0)g Ft(or)g Fs(EXIT)p Ft(,)g Fq(arg)43
b Ft(is)35 b(executed)h(when)e(the)h(shell)h(exits.)55
b(If)35 b(a)g Fq(sigsp)s(ec)41 b Ft(is)630 4103 y Fs(DEBUG)p
Ft(,)32 b(the)g(command)g Fq(arg)40 b Ft(is)33 b(executed)g(b)s(efore)f
(ev)m(ery)h(simple)f(command,)h Fs(for)e Ft(com-)630
4213 y(mand,)d Fs(case)g Ft(command,)h Fs(select)e Ft(command,)i(ev)m
(ery)h(arithmetic)g Fs(for)d Ft(command,)j(and)630 4322
y(b)s(efore)22 b(the)g(\014rst)f(command)h(executes)i(in)e(a)g(shell)h
(function.)37 b(Refer)22 b(to)h(the)g(description)f(of)630
4432 y(the)i Fs(extdebug)d Ft(option)j(to)h(the)f Fs(shopt)e
Ft(builtin)h(\(see)i(Section)f(4.3.2)i([The)d(Shopt)g(Builtin],)630
4542 y(page)33 b(55\))g(for)f(details)h(of)f(its)h(e\013ect)g(on)f(the)
g Fs(DEBUG)f Ft(trap.)46 b(If)31 b(a)i Fq(sigsp)s(ec)38
b Ft(is)32 b Fs(RETURN)p Ft(,)f(the)630 4651 y(command)h
Fq(arg)41 b Ft(is)33 b(executed)g(eac)m(h)h(time)f(a)g(shell)g
(function)g(or)f(a)h(script)g(executed)g(with)630 4761
y(the)e Fs(.)f Ft(or)g Fs(source)f Ft(builtins)g(\014nishes)h
(executing.)630 4902 y(If)g(a)i Fq(sigsp)s(ec)k Ft(is)31
b Fs(ERR)p Ft(,)f(the)h(command)g Fq(arg)39 b Ft(is)31
b(executed)g(whenev)m(er)g(a)g(simple)g(command)630 5011
y(has)k(a)h(non-zero)h(exit)f(status,)i(sub)5 b(ject)35
b(to)h(the)g(follo)m(wing)h(conditions.)57 b(The)35 b
Fs(ERR)g Ft(trap)630 5121 y(is)30 b(not)f(executed)i(if)e(the)h(failed)
g(command)g(is)f(part)h(of)f(the)h(command)f(list)i(immediately)630
5230 y(follo)m(wing)47 b(an)d Fs(until)g Ft(or)h Fs(while)f
Ft(k)m(eyw)m(ord,)49 b(part)c(of)g(the)h(test)g(follo)m(wing)g(the)f
Fs(if)g Ft(or)630 5340 y Fs(elif)d Ft(reserv)m(ed)i(w)m(ords,)j(part)c
(of)h(a)g(command)f(executed)i(in)e(a)h Fs(&&)f Ft(or)h
Fs(||)f Ft(list,)k(or)d(if)p eop end
%%Page: 41 47
TeXDict begin 41 46 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(41)630 299 y(the)40
b(command's)g(return)f(status)h(is)g(b)s(eing)f(in)m(v)m(erted)i(using)
f Fs(!)p Ft(.)68 b(These)40 b(are)g(the)h(same)630 408
y(conditions)31 b(ob)s(ey)m(ed)f(b)m(y)h(the)f Fs(errexit)f
Ft(option.)630 545 y(Signals)37 b(ignored)f(up)s(on)f(en)m(try)i(to)g
(the)f(shell)h(cannot)g(b)s(e)f(trapp)s(ed)f(or)h(reset.)59
b(T)-8 b(rapp)s(ed)630 654 y(signals)28 b(that)f(are)h(not)f(b)s(eing)g
(ignored)g(are)g(reset)h(to)g(their)f(original)h(v)-5
b(alues)28 b(in)e(a)i(subshell)630 764 y(or)i(subshell)g(en)m(vironmen)
m(t)h(when)e(one)i(is)f(created.)630 900 y(The)g(return)f(status)i(is)f
(zero)h(unless)f(a)h Fq(sigsp)s(ec)36 b Ft(do)s(es)30
b(not)h(sp)s(ecify)f(a)g(v)-5 b(alid)31 b(signal.)150
1063 y Fs(umask)870 1199 y(umask)46 b([-p])h([-S])g([)p
Fi(mode)11 b Fs(])630 1335 y Ft(Set)29 b(the)h(shell)f(pro)s(cess's)g
(\014le)g(creation)h(mask)f(to)h Fq(mo)s(de)5 b Ft(.)40
b(If)28 b Fq(mo)s(de)34 b Ft(b)s(egins)29 b(with)f(a)i(digit,)630
1445 y(it)e(is)f(in)m(terpreted)g(as)g(an)g(o)s(ctal)i(n)m(um)m(b)s
(er;)e(if)g(not,)h(it)g(is)f(in)m(terpreted)g(as)g(a)h(sym)m(b)s(olic)f
(mo)s(de)630 1554 y(mask)i(similar)g(to)g(that)h(accepted)g(b)m(y)f
(the)g Fs(chmod)e Ft(command.)40 b(If)28 b Fq(mo)s(de)34
b Ft(is)28 b(omitted,)j(the)630 1664 y(curren)m(t)36
b(v)-5 b(alue)36 b(of)g(the)h(mask)f(is)g(prin)m(ted.)57
b(If)35 b(the)h(`)p Fs(-S)p Ft(')g(option)h(is)f(supplied)f(without)h
(a)630 1773 y Fq(mo)s(de)k Ft(argumen)m(t,)d(the)e(mask)g(is)g(prin)m
(ted)g(in)g(a)h(sym)m(b)s(olic)f(format.)55 b(If)35 b(the)g(`)p
Fs(-p)p Ft(')g(option)630 1883 y(is)f(supplied,)f(and)g
Fq(mo)s(de)38 b Ft(is)33 b(omitted,)j(the)e(output)f(is)g(in)h(a)g
(form)f(that)h(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(reused)630 1993 y(as)e(input.)41
b(The)31 b(return)f(status)h(is)g(zero)h(if)e(the)h(mo)s(de)g(is)g
(successfully)g(c)m(hanged)g(or)g(if)g(no)630 2102 y
Fq(mo)s(de)k Ft(argumen)m(t)c(is)f(supplied,)g(and)f(non-zero)i
(otherwise.)630 2238 y(Note)38 b(that)e(when)g(the)g(mo)s(de)g(is)g(in)
m(terpreted)h(as)f(an)g(o)s(ctal)i(n)m(um)m(b)s(er,)e(eac)m(h)i(n)m(um)
m(b)s(er)d(of)630 2348 y(the)f(umask)g(is)h(subtracted)f(from)f
Fs(7)p Ft(.)53 b(Th)m(us,)34 b(a)h(umask)e(of)i Fs(022)e
Ft(results)h(in)g(p)s(ermissions)630 2457 y(of)d Fs(755)p
Ft(.)150 2620 y Fs(unset)870 2756 y(unset)46 b([-fv])h([)p
Fi(name)11 b Fs(])630 2892 y Ft(Eac)m(h)34 b(v)-5 b(ariable)33
b(or)g(function)g Fq(name)38 b Ft(is)33 b(remo)m(v)m(ed.)50
b(If)32 b(no)h(options)h(are)f(supplied,)g(or)g(the)630
3002 y(`)p Fs(-v)p Ft(')h(option)h(is)g(giv)m(en,)h(eac)m(h)g
Fq(name)k Ft(refers)34 b(to)h(a)g(shell)f(v)-5 b(ariable.)54
b(If)34 b(the)h(`)p Fs(-f)p Ft(')f(option)h(is)630 3112
y(giv)m(en,)27 b(the)d Fq(name)5 b Ft(s)25 b(refer)f(to)h(shell)g
(functions,)g(and)f(the)g(function)g(de\014nition)g(is)h(remo)m(v)m
(ed.)630 3221 y(Readonly)32 b(v)-5 b(ariables)33 b(and)f(functions)f
(ma)m(y)i(not)f(b)s(e)g(unset.)45 b(The)32 b(return)f(status)h(is)g
(zero)630 3331 y(unless)e(a)g Fq(name)36 b Ft(is)30 b(readonly)-8
b(.)150 3568 y Fr(4.2)68 b(Bash)45 b(Builtin)g(Commands)150
3728 y Ft(This)c(section)h(describ)s(es)f(builtin)f(commands)h(whic)m
(h)g(are)h(unique)e(to)j(or)e(ha)m(v)m(e)h(b)s(een)f(extended)g(in)150
3837 y(Bash.)g(Some)30 b(of)h(these)g(commands)f(are)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)g
(in)g(the)h Fl(posix)e Ft(standard.)150 4002 y Fs(alias)870
4138 y(alias)46 b([-p])h([)p Fi(name)11 b Fs([=)p Fi(value)g
Fs(])43 b(...)o(])630 4274 y Ft(Without)h(argumen)m(ts)f(or)g(with)g
(the)h(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(')f(option,)k Fs(alias)41 b Ft(prin)m(ts)i(the)g
(list)h(of)f(aliases)630 4384 y(on)36 b(the)g(standard)f(output)h(in)f
(a)i(form)e(that)i(allo)m(ws)g(them)f(to)g(b)s(e)g(reused)f(as)h
(input.)56 b(If)630 4493 y(argumen)m(ts)29 b(are)g(supplied,)f(an)h
(alias)h(is)f(de\014ned)e(for)i(eac)m(h)h Fq(name)k Ft(whose)28
b Fq(v)-5 b(alue)35 b Ft(is)29 b(giv)m(en.)630 4603 y(If)39
b(no)h Fq(v)-5 b(alue)45 b Ft(is)40 b(giv)m(en,)j(the)d(name)f(and)g(v)
-5 b(alue)40 b(of)g(the)g(alias)h(is)f(prin)m(ted.)68
b(Aliases)41 b(are)630 4712 y(describ)s(ed)29 b(in)h(Section)i(6.6)f
([Aliases],)h(page)f(79.)150 4875 y Fs(bind)870 5011
y(bind)47 b([-m)g Fi(keymap)11 b Fs(])45 b([-lpsvPSV])870
5121 y(bind)i([-m)g Fi(keymap)11 b Fs(])45 b([-q)i Fi(function)11
b Fs(])45 b([-u)h Fi(function)11 b Fs(])45 b([-r)i Fi(keyseq)11
b Fs(])870 5230 y(bind)47 b([-m)g Fi(keymap)11 b Fs(])45
b(-f)i Fi(filename)870 5340 y Fs(bind)g([-m)g Fi(keymap)11
b Fs(])45 b(-x)i Fi(keyseq:shell-command)p eop end
%%Page: 42 48
TeXDict begin 42 47 bop 150 -116 a Ft(42)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)870 299 y Fs(bind)47 b([-m)g
Fi(keymap)11 b Fs(])45 b Fi(keyseq:function-name)870
408 y Fs(bind)i Fi(readline-command)630 545 y Ft(Displa)m(y)26
b(curren)m(t)f(Readline)h(\(see)g(Chapter)f(8)g([Command)g(Line)g
(Editing],)i(page)f(93\))g(k)m(ey)630 655 y(and)36 b(function)g
(bindings,)i(bind)d(a)i(k)m(ey)g(sequence)g(to)h(a)f(Readline)g
(function)f(or)h(macro,)630 765 y(or)44 b(set)h(a)g(Readline)f(v)-5
b(ariable.)83 b(Eac)m(h)45 b(non-option)g(argumen)m(t)f(is)g(a)h
(command)f(as)g(it)630 874 y(w)m(ould)e(app)s(ear)f(in)h(a)h(Readline)g
(initialization)i(\014le)d(\(see)h(Section)g(8.3)g([Readline)g(Init)630
984 y(File],)g(page)c(96\),)k(but)38 b(eac)m(h)i(binding)e(or)h
(command)g(m)m(ust)g(b)s(e)f(passed)g(as)i(a)f(separate)630
1093 y(argumen)m(t;)31 b(e.g.,)h(`)p Fs("\\C-x\\C-r":re-read-init-f)o
(ile)p Ft('.)630 1230 y(Options,)e(if)h(supplied,)e(ha)m(v)m(e)i(the)g
(follo)m(wing)h(meanings:)630 1395 y Fs(-m)e Fi(keymap)1110
1504 y Ft(Use)54 b Fq(k)m(eymap)j Ft(as)d(the)g(k)m(eymap)g(to)h(b)s(e)
e(a\013ected)i(b)m(y)f(the)g(subsequen)m(t)1110 1614
y(bindings.)46 b(Acceptable)34 b Fq(k)m(eymap)i Ft(names)c(are)h
Fs(emacs)p Ft(,)f Fs(emacs-standard)p Ft(,)1110 1724
y Fs(emacs-meta)p Ft(,)99 b Fs(emacs-ctlx)p Ft(,)f Fs(vi)p
Ft(,)j Fs(vi-move)p Ft(,)f Fs(vi-command)p Ft(,)f(and)1110
1833 y Fs(vi-insert)p Ft(.)64 b Fs(vi)38 b Ft(is)h(equiv)-5
b(alen)m(t)41 b(to)e Fs(vi-command)p Ft(;)i Fs(emacs)c
Ft(is)i(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)1110 1943 y(to)31 b Fs(emacs-standard)p
Ft(.)630 2107 y Fs(-l)384 b Ft(List)31 b(the)f(names)g(of)h(all)g
(Readline)g(functions.)630 2271 y Fs(-p)384 b Ft(Displa)m(y)34
b(Readline)f(function)g(names)g(and)f(bindings)f(in)i(suc)m(h)f(a)i(w)m
(a)m(y)f(that)1110 2381 y(they)e(can)f(b)s(e)g(used)g(as)g(input)g(or)g
(in)g(a)h(Readline)g(initialization)i(\014le.)630 2545
y Fs(-P)384 b Ft(List)31 b(curren)m(t)f(Readline)h(function)f(names)g
(and)g(bindings.)630 2710 y Fs(-v)384 b Ft(Displa)m(y)25
b(Readline)f(v)-5 b(ariable)25 b(names)f(and)f(v)-5 b(alues)24
b(in)g(suc)m(h)f(a)i(w)m(a)m(y)f(that)h(they)1110 2819
y(can)31 b(b)s(e)e(used)h(as)h(input)e(or)h(in)g(a)h(Readline)g
(initialization)j(\014le.)630 2984 y Fs(-V)384 b Ft(List)31
b(curren)m(t)f(Readline)h(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(names)f(and)g(v)-5
b(alues.)630 3148 y Fs(-s)384 b Ft(Displa)m(y)39 b(Readline)f(k)m(ey)g
(sequences)f(b)s(ound)f(to)i(macros)g(and)f(the)g(strings)1110
3258 y(they)d(output)f(in)h(suc)m(h)f(a)h(w)m(a)m(y)h(that)f(they)g
(can)g(b)s(e)f(used)g(as)h(input)e(or)i(in)g(a)1110 3367
y(Readline)d(initialization)i(\014le.)630 3532 y Fs(-S)384
b Ft(Displa)m(y)39 b(Readline)f(k)m(ey)g(sequences)f(b)s(ound)f(to)i
(macros)g(and)f(the)g(strings)1110 3641 y(they)31 b(output.)630
3806 y Fs(-f)f Fi(filename)1110 3915 y Ft(Read)h(k)m(ey)g(bindings)e
(from)h Fq(\014lename)5 b Ft(.)630 4080 y Fs(-q)30 b
Fi(function)1110 4189 y Ft(Query)g(ab)s(out)g(whic)m(h)g(k)m(eys)h(in)m
(v)m(ok)m(e)h(the)f(named)f Fq(function)p Ft(.)630 4354
y Fs(-u)g Fi(function)1110 4463 y Ft(Un)m(bind)f(all)i(k)m(eys)g(b)s
(ound)e(to)i(the)f(named)g Fq(function)p Ft(.)630 4628
y Fs(-r)g Fi(keyseq)1110 4737 y Ft(Remo)m(v)m(e)i(an)m(y)f(curren)m(t)f
(binding)f(for)h Fq(k)m(eyseq)r Ft(.)630 4902 y Fs(-x)g
Fi(keyseq:shell-command)1110 5011 y Ft(Cause)35 b Fq(shell-command)k
Ft(to)d(b)s(e)f(executed)h(whenev)m(er)f Fq(k)m(eyseq)j
Ft(is)d(en)m(tered.)1110 5121 y(When)46 b Fq(shell-command)k
Ft(is)c(executed,)51 b(the)46 b(shell)g(sets)g(the)g
Fs(READLINE_)1110 5230 y(LINE)37 b Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)38
b(to)g(the)g(con)m(ten)m(ts)i(of)e(the)g(Readline)g(line)g(bu\013er)f
(and)g(the)1110 5340 y Fs(READLINE_POINT)e Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)39
b(to)h(the)e(curren)m(t)h(lo)s(cation)h(of)f(the)g(insertion)p
eop end
%%Page: 43 49
TeXDict begin 43 48 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(43)1110 299 y(p)s(oin)m(t.)59
b(If)37 b(the)f(executed)i(command)e(c)m(hanges)i(the)f(v)-5
b(alue)37 b(of)f Fs(READLINE_)1110 408 y(LINE)29 b Ft(or)h
Fs(READLINE_POINT)p Ft(,)c(those)31 b(new)e(v)-5 b(alues)31
b(will)f(b)s(e)f(re\015ected)i(in)f(the)1110 518 y(editing)h(state.)630
677 y(The)26 b(return)f(status)i(is)f(zero)i(unless)d(an)i(in)m(v)-5
b(alid)27 b(option)g(is)f(supplied)f(or)i(an)f(error)g(o)s(ccurs.)150
837 y Fs(builtin)870 971 y(builtin)46 b([)p Fi(shell-builtin)54
b Fs([)p Fi(args)11 b Fs(]])630 1106 y Ft(Run)35 b(a)h(shell)h
(builtin,)g(passing)f(it)g Fq(args)t Ft(,)i(and)e(return)f(its)h(exit)h
(status.)58 b(This)36 b(is)g(useful)630 1215 y(when)29
b(de\014ning)h(a)g(shell)h(function)f(with)g(the)g(same)h(name)f(as)h
(a)g(shell)f(builtin,)g(retaining)630 1325 y(the)k(functionalit)m(y)h
(of)f(the)f(builtin)g(within)g(the)h(function.)50 b(The)33
b(return)g(status)h(is)f(non-)630 1435 y(zero)e(if)g
Fq(shell-builtin)f Ft(is)g(not)h(a)g(shell)f(builtin)g(command.)150
1594 y Fs(caller)870 1729 y(caller)46 b([)p Fi(expr)11
b Fs(])630 1863 y Ft(Returns)34 b(the)g(con)m(text)j(of)e(an)m(y)g
(activ)m(e)i(subroutine)c(call)j(\(a)f(shell)g(function)f(or)h(a)g
(script)630 1973 y(executed)c(with)f(the)h Fs(.)f Ft(or)g
Fs(source)f Ft(builtins\).)630 2107 y(Without)45 b Fq(expr)7
b Ft(,)46 b Fs(caller)d Ft(displa)m(ys)h(the)g(line)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f
(and)g(source)h(\014lename)h(of)f(the)630 2217 y(curren)m(t)35
b(subroutine)f(call.)56 b(If)35 b(a)h(non-negativ)m(e)h(in)m(teger)g
(is)e(supplied)f(as)h Fq(expr)7 b Ft(,)36 b Fs(caller)630
2326 y Ft(displa)m(ys)41 b(the)f(line)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er,)h(subroutine)d
(name,)44 b(and)c(source)g(\014le)h(corresp)s(onding)e(to)630
2436 y(that)c(p)s(osition)g(in)f(the)h(curren)m(t)f(execution)i(call)g
(stac)m(k.)54 b(This)34 b(extra)h(information)g(ma)m(y)630
2545 y(b)s(e)30 b(used,)g(for)g(example,)h(to)g(prin)m(t)f(a)h(stac)m
(k)h(trace.)42 b(The)29 b(curren)m(t)i(frame)f(is)g(frame)h(0.)630
2680 y(The)e(return)f(v)-5 b(alue)29 b(is)h(0)f(unless)g(the)g(shell)g
(is)h(not)f(executing)h(a)g(subroutine)e(call)i(or)g
Fq(expr)630 2790 y Ft(do)s(es)g(not)h(corresp)s(ond)e(to)i(a)g(v)-5
b(alid)30 b(p)s(osition)h(in)f(the)g(call)i(stac)m(k.)150
2949 y Fs(command)870 3083 y(command)46 b([-pVv])g Fi(command)56
b Fs([)p Fi(arguments)g Fs(...)o(])630 3218 y Ft(Runs)31
b Fq(command)36 b Ft(with)d Fq(argumen)m(ts)j Ft(ignoring)d(an)m(y)g
(shell)g(function)f(named)g Fq(command)t Ft(.)630 3328
y(Only)39 b(shell)i(builtin)e(commands)h(or)g(commands)f(found)g(b)m(y)
h(searc)m(hing)h(the)f Fs(PATH)f Ft(are)630 3437 y(executed.)g(If)23
b(there)h(is)f(a)h(shell)f(function)g(named)g Fs(ls)p
Ft(,)i(running)c(`)p Fs(command)29 b(ls)p Ft(')23 b(within)g(the)630
3547 y(function)33 b(will)g(execute)i(the)f(external)g(command)f
Fs(ls)f Ft(instead)i(of)f(calling)i(the)e(function)630
3656 y(recursiv)m(ely)-8 b(.)84 b(The)44 b(`)p Fs(-p)p
Ft(')h(option)g(means)f(to)h(use)g(a)f(default)h(v)-5
b(alue)45 b(for)f Fs(PATH)g Ft(that)h(is)630 3766 y(guaran)m(teed)35
b(to)f(\014nd)e(all)j(of)f(the)g(standard)f(utilities.)52
b(The)33 b(return)g(status)h(in)f(this)h(case)630 3875
y(is)29 b(127)g(if)g Fq(command)j Ft(cannot)d(b)s(e)e(found)h(or)g(an)g
(error)h(o)s(ccurred,)f(and)g(the)h(exit)g(status)g(of)630
3985 y Fq(command)34 b Ft(otherwise.)630 4120 y(If)25
b(either)g(the)h(`)p Fs(-V)p Ft(')f(or)g(`)p Fs(-v)p
Ft(')g(option)g(is)g(supplied,)h(a)f(description)g(of)h
Fq(command)i Ft(is)d(prin)m(ted.)630 4229 y(The)i(`)p
Fs(-v)p Ft(')h(option)h(causes)f(a)h(single)f(w)m(ord)g(indicating)h
(the)f(command)g(or)g(\014le)g(name)g(used)630 4339 y(to)36
b(in)m(v)m(ok)m(e)g Fq(command)j Ft(to)c(b)s(e)g(displa)m(y)m(ed;)j
(the)d(`)p Fs(-V)p Ft(')g(option)g(pro)s(duces)e(a)j(more)f(v)m(erb)s
(ose)630 4448 y(description.)61 b(In)36 b(this)h(case,)j(the)e(return)e
(status)h(is)g(zero)h(if)f Fq(command)k Ft(is)c(found,)h(and)630
4558 y(non-zero)31 b(if)f(not.)150 4717 y Fs(declare)870
4852 y(declare)46 b([-aAfFilrtux])e([-p])j([)p Fi(name)11
b Fs([=)p Fi(value)g Fs(])43 b(...)o(])630 4986 y Ft(Declare)29
b(v)-5 b(ariables)28 b(and)e(giv)m(e)j(them)e(attributes.)40
b(If)27 b(no)g Fq(name)5 b Ft(s)27 b(are)h(giv)m(en,)h(then)e(displa)m
(y)630 5096 y(the)k(v)-5 b(alues)30 b(of)h(v)-5 b(ariables)31
b(instead.)630 5230 y(The)c(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(')h(option)g(will)g(displa)m
(y)g(the)g(attributes)g(and)g(v)-5 b(alues)28 b(of)g(eac)m(h)h
Fq(name)5 b Ft(.)40 b(When)27 b(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(')630
5340 y(is)j(used)g(with)g Fq(name)36 b Ft(argumen)m(ts,)31
b(additional)g(options)f(are)h(ignored.)p eop end
%%Page: 44 50
TeXDict begin 44 49 bop 150 -116 a Ft(44)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)630 299 y(When)36 b(`)p Fs(-p)p
Ft(')f(is)h(supplied)f(without)h Fq(name)41 b Ft(argumen)m(ts,)d
Fs(declare)c Ft(will)i(displa)m(y)g(the)g(at-)630 408
y(tributes)31 b(and)f(v)-5 b(alues)31 b(of)g(all)h(v)-5
b(ariables)31 b(ha)m(ving)h(the)f(attributes)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(b)m(y)h
(the)g(addi-)630 518 y(tional)h(options.)41 b(If)30 b(no)g(other)h
(options)g(are)g(supplied)e(with)h(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(',)g
Fs(declare)f Ft(will)i(displa)m(y)630 628 y(the)f(attributes)g(and)e(v)
-5 b(alues)30 b(of)g(all)g(shell)g(v)-5 b(ariables.)41
b(The)29 b(`)p Fs(-f)p Ft(')g(option)h(will)g(restrict)g(the)630
737 y(displa)m(y)h(to)g(shell)f(functions.)630 867 y(The)36
b(`)p Fs(-F)p Ft(')h(option)g(inhibits)f(the)h(displa)m(y)g(of)g
(function)g(de\014nitions;)i(only)e(the)g(function)630
976 y(name)30 b(and)f(attributes)i(are)f(prin)m(ted.)40
b(If)30 b(the)g Fs(extdebug)e Ft(shell)i(option)g(is)g(enabled)g(using)
630 1086 y Fs(shopt)24 b Ft(\(see)i(Section)g(4.3.2)i([The)d(Shopt)f
(Builtin],)k(page)e(55\),)i(the)d(source)h(\014le)f(name)h(and)630
1196 y(line)38 b(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(where)i(the)g(function)f(is)h
(de\014ned)e(are)i(displa)m(y)m(ed)h(as)e(w)m(ell.)64
b(`)p Fs(-F)p Ft(')38 b(implies)630 1305 y(`)p Fs(-f)p
Ft('.)i(The)28 b(follo)m(wing)i(options)f(can)f(b)s(e)g(used)g(to)h
(restrict)g(output)f(to)h(v)-5 b(ariables)30 b(with)e(the)630
1415 y(sp)s(eci\014ed)i(attributes)h(or)f(to)h(giv)m(e)h(v)-5
b(ariables)31 b(attributes:)630 1564 y Fs(-a)384 b Ft(Eac)m(h)36
b Fq(name)k Ft(is)34 b(an)h(indexed)g(arra)m(y)g(v)-5
b(ariable)36 b(\(see)f(Section)h(6.7)g([Arra)m(ys],)1110
1674 y(page)31 b(80\).)630 1823 y Fs(-A)384 b Ft(Eac)m(h)24
b Fq(name)k Ft(is)23 b(an)g(asso)s(ciativ)m(e)j(arra)m(y)e(v)-5
b(ariable)24 b(\(see)g(Section)g(6.7)g([Arra)m(ys],)1110
1933 y(page)31 b(80\).)630 2082 y Fs(-f)384 b Ft(Use)31
b(function)f(names)g(only)-8 b(.)630 2232 y Fs(-i)384
b Ft(The)36 b(v)-5 b(ariable)37 b(is)f(to)h(b)s(e)f(treated)h(as)g(an)f
(in)m(teger;)41 b(arithmetic)c(ev)-5 b(aluation)1110
2341 y(\(see)29 b(Section)f(6.5)h([Shell)f(Arithmetic],)i(page)e(78\))h
(is)f(p)s(erformed)e(when)h(the)1110 2451 y(v)-5 b(ariable)31
b(is)g(assigned)f(a)h(v)-5 b(alue.)630 2600 y Fs(-l)384
b Ft(When)26 b(the)g(v)-5 b(ariable)27 b(is)f(assigned)g(a)g(v)-5
b(alue,)28 b(all)f(upp)s(er-case)e(c)m(haracters)j(are)1110
2710 y(con)m(v)m(erted)k(to)f(lo)m(w)m(er-case.)43 b(The)30
b(upp)s(er-case)g(attribute)h(is)g(disabled.)630 2859
y Fs(-r)384 b Ft(Mak)m(e)25 b Fq(name)5 b Ft(s)23 b(readonly)-8
b(.)39 b(These)24 b(names)f(cannot)h(then)f(b)s(e)g(assigned)h(v)-5
b(alues)1110 2969 y(b)m(y)30 b(subsequen)m(t)g(assignmen)m(t)h
(statemen)m(ts)h(or)f(unset.)630 3118 y Fs(-t)384 b Ft(Giv)m(e)33
b(eac)m(h)h Fq(name)j Ft(the)32 b Fs(trace)f Ft(attribute.)46
b(T)-8 b(raced)32 b(functions)g(inherit)g(the)1110 3228
y Fs(DEBUG)26 b Ft(and)h Fs(RETURN)f Ft(traps)h(from)g(the)h(calling)h
(shell.)40 b(The)27 b(trace)i(attribute)1110 3337 y(has)h(no)g(sp)s
(ecial)h(meaning)g(for)f(v)-5 b(ariables.)630 3487 y
Fs(-u)384 b Ft(When)28 b(the)h(v)-5 b(ariable)29 b(is)f(assigned)h(a)f
(v)-5 b(alue,)30 b(all)f(lo)m(w)m(er-case)i(c)m(haracters)f(are)1110
3597 y(con)m(v)m(erted)i(to)f(upp)s(er-case.)40 b(The)30
b(lo)m(w)m(er-case)j(attribute)e(is)g(disabled.)630 3746
y Fs(-x)384 b Ft(Mark)30 b(eac)m(h)h Fq(name)k Ft(for)29
b(exp)s(ort)h(to)g(subsequen)m(t)f(commands)h(via)g(the)g(en)m(vi-)1110
3856 y(ronmen)m(t.)630 4005 y(Using)e(`)p Fs(+)p Ft(')h(instead)f(of)g
(`)p Fs(-)p Ft(')g(turns)f(o\013)i(the)f(attribute)h(instead,)g(with)f
(the)g(exceptions)h(that)630 4115 y(`)p Fs(+a)p Ft(')h(ma)m(y)h(not)f
(b)s(e)f(used)g(to)i(destro)m(y)g(an)f(arra)m(y)g(v)-5
b(ariable)31 b(and)f(`)p Fs(+r)p Ft(')g(will)g(not)g(remo)m(v)m(e)i
(the)630 4224 y(readonly)e(attribute.)41 b(When)30 b(used)f(in)g(a)h
(function,)g Fs(declare)e Ft(mak)m(es)j(eac)m(h)f Fq(name)35
b Ft(lo)s(cal,)630 4334 y(as)40 b(with)g(the)g Fs(local)e
Ft(command.)69 b(If)40 b(a)g(v)-5 b(ariable)41 b(name)f(is)g(follo)m(w)
m(ed)h(b)m(y)f(=)p Fq(v)-5 b(alue)5 b Ft(,)43 b(the)630
4443 y(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(of)f(the)h(v)-5 b(ariable)31
b(is)g(set)f(to)i Fq(v)-5 b(alue)5 b Ft(.)630 4573 y(The)35
b(return)f(status)i(is)g(zero)g(unless)f(an)g(in)m(v)-5
b(alid)36 b(option)g(is)g(encoun)m(tered,)h(an)f(attempt)630
4682 y(is)c(made)g(to)g(de\014ne)f(a)h(function)g(using)f(`)p
Fs(-f)f(foo=bar)p Ft(',)h(an)h(attempt)g(is)g(made)g(to)h(assign)630
4792 y(a)42 b(v)-5 b(alue)43 b(to)g(a)f(readonly)g(v)-5
b(ariable,)47 b(an)42 b(attempt)h(is)f(made)g(to)h(assign)f(a)h(v)-5
b(alue)42 b(to)h(an)630 4902 y(arra)m(y)30 b(v)-5 b(ariable)30
b(without)g(using)e(the)i(comp)s(ound)e(assignmen)m(t)i(syn)m(tax)g
(\(see)h(Section)f(6.7)630 5011 y([Arra)m(ys],)47 b(page)c(80\),)48
b(one)43 b(of)g(the)g Fq(names)k Ft(is)c(not)g(a)g(v)-5
b(alid)43 b(shell)g(v)-5 b(ariable)44 b(name,)i(an)630
5121 y(attempt)28 b(is)f(made)h(to)f(turn)f(o\013)i(readonly)f(status)g
(for)g(a)h(readonly)f(v)-5 b(ariable,)29 b(an)e(attempt)630
5230 y(is)h(made)h(to)g(turn)e(o\013)i(arra)m(y)f(status)h(for)f(an)g
(arra)m(y)h(v)-5 b(ariable,)30 b(or)e(an)g(attempt)i(is)e(made)g(to)630
5340 y(displa)m(y)j(a)f(non-existen)m(t)i(function)e(with)g(`)p
Fs(-f)p Ft('.)p eop end
%%Page: 45 51
TeXDict begin 45 50 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(45)150 299 y Fs(echo)870
432 y(echo)47 b([-neE])f([)p Fi(arg)57 b Fs(...)o(])630
565 y Ft(Output)31 b(the)i Fq(arg)8 b Ft(s,)33 b(separated)g(b)m(y)g
(spaces,)g(terminated)g(with)f(a)h(newline.)47 b(The)32
b(return)630 674 y(status)40 b(is)g(alw)m(a)m(ys)h(0.)69
b(If)39 b(`)p Fs(-n)p Ft(')h(is)f(sp)s(eci\014ed,)j(the)e(trailing)h
(newline)e(is)h(suppressed.)66 b(If)630 784 y(the)29
b(`)p Fs(-e)p Ft(')g(option)g(is)h(giv)m(en,)g(in)m(terpretation)g(of)g
(the)f(follo)m(wing)h(bac)m(kslash-escap)s(ed)g(c)m(har-)630
893 y(acters)38 b(is)f(enabled.)60 b(The)36 b(`)p Fs(-E)p
Ft(')h(option)g(disables)g(the)g(in)m(terpretation)h(of)f(these)g
(escap)s(e)630 1003 y(c)m(haracters,)h(ev)m(en)d(on)g(systems)g(where)f
(they)h(are)g(in)m(terpreted)h(b)m(y)e(default.)55 b(The)34
b Fs(xpg_)630 1112 y(echo)d Ft(shell)h(option)h(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)e(used)h
(to)h(dynamically)g(determine)f(whether)f(or)i(not)f
Fs(echo)630 1222 y Ft(expands)39 b(these)i(escap)s(e)g(c)m(haracters)g
(b)m(y)g(default.)70 b Fs(echo)39 b Ft(do)s(es)h(not)g(in)m(terpret)h
(`)p Fs(--)p Ft(')f(to)630 1332 y(mean)30 b(the)h(end)f(of)g(options.)
630 1465 y Fs(echo)f Ft(in)m(terprets)i(the)f(follo)m(wing)i(escap)s(e)
f(sequences:)630 1621 y Fs(\\a)384 b Ft(alert)31 b(\(b)s(ell\))630
1777 y Fs(\\b)384 b Ft(bac)m(kspace)630 1933 y Fs(\\c)g
Ft(suppress)28 b(further)h(output)630 2089 y Fs(\\e)384
b Ft(escap)s(e)630 2245 y Fs(\\f)g Ft(form)30 b(feed)630
2401 y Fs(\\n)384 b Ft(new)30 b(line)630 2557 y Fs(\\r)384
b Ft(carriage)32 b(return)630 2713 y Fs(\\t)384 b Ft(horizon)m(tal)32
b(tab)630 2869 y Fs(\\v)384 b Ft(v)m(ertical)32 b(tab)630
3025 y Fs(\\\\)384 b Ft(bac)m(kslash)630 3181 y Fs(\\0)p
Fi(nnn)240 b Ft(the)32 b(eigh)m(t-bit)i(c)m(haracter)g(whose)e(v)-5
b(alue)33 b(is)f(the)g(o)s(ctal)i(v)-5 b(alue)32 b Fq(nnn)f
Ft(\(zero)i(to)1110 3291 y(three)e(o)s(ctal)g(digits\))630
3447 y Fs(\\x)p Fi(HH)288 b Ft(the)40 b(eigh)m(t-bit)h(c)m(haracter)g
(whose)e(v)-5 b(alue)39 b(is)h(the)f(hexadecimal)i(v)-5
b(alue)40 b Fq(HH)1110 3557 y Ft(\(one)31 b(or)f(t)m(w)m(o)i(hex)e
(digits\))150 3713 y Fs(enable)870 3846 y(enable)46 b([-a])h([-dnps])f
([-f)g Fi(filename)11 b Fs(])45 b([)p Fi(name)57 b Fs(...)o(])630
3978 y Ft(Enable)36 b(and)f(disable)h(builtin)g(shell)g(commands.)56
b(Disabling)37 b(a)g(builtin)e(allo)m(ws)i(a)f(disk)630
4088 y(command)e(whic)m(h)g(has)g(the)g(same)h(name)f(as)h(a)f(shell)h
(builtin)e(to)i(b)s(e)f(executed)h(without)630 4198 y(sp)s(ecifying)27
b(a)g(full)g(pathname,)g(ev)m(en)h(though)f(the)g(shell)g(normally)g
(searc)m(hes)h(for)f(builtins)630 4307 y(b)s(efore)32
b(disk)f(commands.)46 b(If)31 b(`)p Fs(-n)p Ft(')h(is)g(used,)g(the)g
Fq(name)5 b Ft(s)32 b(b)s(ecome)h(disabled.)45 b(Otherwise)630
4417 y Fq(name)5 b Ft(s)44 b(are)h(enabled.)82 b(F)-8
b(or)45 b(example,)k(to)c(use)f(the)g Fs(test)f Ft(binary)h(found)f
(via)h Fs($PATH)630 4526 y Ft(instead)31 b(of)f(the)h(shell)f(builtin)g
(v)m(ersion,)h(t)m(yp)s(e)g(`)p Fs(enable)e(-n)h(test)p
Ft('.)630 4659 y(If)42 b(the)h(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(')f(option)h(is)f
(supplied,)j(or)d(no)h Fq(name)k Ft(argumen)m(ts)c(app)s(ear,)i(a)e
(list)g(of)g(shell)630 4769 y(builtins)37 b(is)h(prin)m(ted.)63
b(With)38 b(no)f(other)h(argumen)m(ts,)j(the)d(list)g(consists)g(of)g
(all)h(enabled)630 4878 y(shell)33 b(builtins.)46 b(The)32
b(`)p Fs(-a)p Ft(')h(option)g(means)f(to)i(list)f(eac)m(h)h(builtin)e
(with)g(an)g(indication)i(of)630 4988 y(whether)c(or)g(not)h(it)g(is)f
(enabled.)630 5121 y(The)40 b(`)p Fs(-f)p Ft(')g(option)g(means)g(to)h
(load)g(the)f(new)f(builtin)h(command)g Fq(name)45 b
Ft(from)40 b(shared)630 5230 y(ob)5 b(ject)26 b Fq(\014lename)5
b Ft(,)28 b(on)d(systems)h(that)g(supp)s(ort)e(dynamic)h(loading.)40
b(The)25 b(`)p Fs(-d)p Ft(')h(option)g(will)630 5340
y(delete)32 b(a)e(builtin)g(loaded)h(with)f(`)p Fs(-f)p
Ft('.)p eop end
%%Page: 46 52
TeXDict begin 46 51 bop 150 -116 a Ft(46)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)630 299 y(If)g(there)g(are)g(no)g(options,)h(a)
f(list)h(of)f(the)g(shell)g(builtins)g(is)g(displa)m(y)m(ed.)43
b(The)31 b(`)p Fs(-s)p Ft(')f(option)630 408 y(restricts)f
Fs(enable)e Ft(to)i(the)f Fl(posix)g Ft(sp)s(ecial)h(builtins.)40
b(If)27 b(`)p Fs(-s)p Ft(')i(is)f(used)g(with)g(`)p Fs(-f)p
Ft(',)h(the)f(new)630 518 y(builtin)i(b)s(ecomes)h(a)f(sp)s(ecial)h
(builtin)f(\(see)i(Section)f(4.4)g([Sp)s(ecial)g(Builtins],)g(page)g
(59\).)630 650 y(The)26 b(return)f(status)h(is)g(zero)h(unless)e(a)i
Fq(name)k Ft(is)26 b(not)g(a)h(shell)f(builtin)g(or)g(there)g(is)g(an)g
(error)630 760 y(loading)31 b(a)g(new)f(builtin)g(from)g(a)g(shared)g
(ob)5 b(ject.)150 915 y Fs(help)870 1047 y(help)47 b([-dms])f([)p
Fi(pattern)11 b Fs(])630 1179 y Ft(Displa)m(y)40 b(helpful)e
(information)h(ab)s(out)g(builtin)f(commands.)66 b(If)38
b Fq(pattern)h Ft(is)g(sp)s(eci\014ed,)630 1288 y Fs(help)28
b Ft(giv)m(es)i(detailed)g(help)e(on)h(all)h(commands)e(matc)m(hing)i
Fq(pattern)p Ft(,)g(otherwise)f(a)g(list)h(of)630 1398
y(the)h(builtins)e(is)i(prin)m(ted.)630 1530 y(Options,)f(if)h
(supplied,)e(ha)m(v)m(e)i(the)g(follo)m(wing)h(meanings:)630
1685 y Fs(-d)384 b Ft(Displa)m(y)32 b(a)e(short)g(description)h(of)f
(eac)m(h)i Fq(pattern)630 1840 y Fs(-m)384 b Ft(Displa)m(y)32
b(the)e(description)g(of)h(eac)m(h)h Fq(pattern)e Ft(in)g(a)h
(manpage-lik)m(e)h(format)630 1994 y Fs(-s)384 b Ft(Displa)m(y)32
b(only)e(a)h(short)f(usage)h(synopsis)e(for)i(eac)m(h)g
Fq(pattern)630 2149 y Ft(The)f(return)f(status)i(is)f(zero)h(unless)f
(no)g(command)h(matc)m(hes)g Fq(pattern)p Ft(.)150 2304
y Fs(let)870 2436 y(let)47 b Fi(expression)55 b Fs([)p
Fi(expression)11 b Fs(])630 2568 y Ft(The)41 b Fs(let)g
Ft(builtin)g(allo)m(ws)i(arithmetic)f(to)h(b)s(e)d(p)s(erformed)g(on)i
(shell)g(v)-5 b(ariables.)74 b(Eac)m(h)630 2678 y Fq(expression)31
b Ft(is)g(ev)-5 b(aluated)32 b(according)f(to)h(the)f(rules)g(giv)m(en)
h(b)s(elo)m(w)f(in)f(Section)i(6.5)g([Shell)630 2787
y(Arithmetic],)51 b(page)46 b(78.)87 b(If)45 b(the)g(last)h
Fq(expression)g Ft(ev)-5 b(aluates)47 b(to)f(0,)k Fs(let)44
b Ft(returns)g(1;)630 2897 y(otherwise)31 b(0)g(is)f(returned.)150
3051 y Fs(local)870 3184 y(local)46 b([)p Fi(option)11
b Fs(])45 b Fi(name)11 b Fs([=)p Fi(value)g Fs(])44 b(...)630
3316 y Ft(F)-8 b(or)26 b(eac)m(h)h(argumen)m(t,)g(a)e(lo)s(cal)i(v)-5
b(ariable)26 b(named)f Fq(name)31 b Ft(is)25 b(created,)j(and)d
(assigned)g Fq(v)-5 b(alue)5 b Ft(.)630 3425 y(The)37
b Fq(option)h Ft(can)f(b)s(e)g(an)m(y)h(of)f(the)h(options)g(accepted)g
(b)m(y)g Fs(declare)p Ft(.)59 b Fs(local)36 b Ft(can)i(only)630
3535 y(b)s(e)j(used)h(within)f(a)i(function;)48 b(it)42
b(mak)m(es)h(the)f(v)-5 b(ariable)43 b Fq(name)48 b Ft(ha)m(v)m(e)43
b(a)f(visible)h(scop)s(e)630 3645 y(restricted)c(to)g(that)g(function)f
(and)f(its)i(c)m(hildren.)64 b(The)38 b(return)f(status)h(is)h(zero)g
(unless)630 3754 y Fs(local)g Ft(is)h(used)g(outside)g(a)h(function,)h
(an)e(in)m(v)-5 b(alid)41 b Fq(name)46 b Ft(is)40 b(supplied,)i(or)e
Fq(name)45 b Ft(is)c(a)630 3864 y(readonly)30 b(v)-5
b(ariable.)150 4018 y Fs(logout)870 4151 y(logout)46
b([)p Fi(n)11 b Fs(])630 4283 y Ft(Exit)31 b(a)g(login)g(shell,)g
(returning)e(a)i(status)g(of)f Fq(n)g Ft(to)h(the)g(shell's)f(paren)m
(t.)150 4437 y Fs(mapfile)870 4570 y(mapfile)46 b([-n)h
Fi(count)11 b Fs(])45 b([-O)i Fi(origin)11 b Fs(])46
b([-s)g Fi(count)11 b Fs(])46 b([-t])h([-u)g Fi(fd)11
b Fs(])46 b([)870 4679 y(-C)h Fi(callback)11 b Fs(])45
b([-c)i Fi(quantum)11 b Fs(])45 b([)p Fi(array)11 b Fs(])630
4811 y Ft(Read)37 b(lines)g(from)f(the)h(standard)f(input)g(in)m(to)h
(the)g(indexed)f(arra)m(y)i(v)-5 b(ariable)37 b Fq(arra)m(y)8
b Ft(,)39 b(or)630 4921 y(from)c(\014le)h(descriptor)g
Fq(fd)j Ft(if)d(the)g(`)p Fs(-u)p Ft(')g(option)g(is)g(supplied.)56
b(The)35 b(v)-5 b(ariable)37 b Fs(MAPFILE)d Ft(is)630
5031 y(the)d(default)f Fq(arra)m(y)8 b Ft(.)41 b(Options,)30
b(if)h(supplied,)e(ha)m(v)m(e)j(the)e(follo)m(wing)i(meanings:)630
5185 y Fs(-n)384 b Ft(Cop)m(y)30 b(at)h(most)g Fq(coun)m(t)i
Ft(lines.)41 b(If)30 b Fq(coun)m(t)j Ft(is)d(0,)h(all)h(lines)e(are)h
(copied.)630 5340 y Fs(-O)384 b Ft(Begin)31 b(assigning)g(to)g
Fq(arra)m(y)39 b Ft(at)31 b(index)f Fq(origin)p Ft(.)41
b(The)30 b(default)h(index)f(is)g(0.)p eop end
%%Page: 47 53
TeXDict begin 47 52 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(47)630 299 y Fs(-s)384
b Ft(Discard)31 b(the)f(\014rst)g Fq(coun)m(t)j Ft(lines)e(read.)630
458 y Fs(-t)384 b Ft(Remo)m(v)m(e)32 b(a)f(trailing)g(newline)g(from)f
(eac)m(h)h(line)g(read.)630 618 y Fs(-u)384 b Ft(Read)31
b(lines)f(from)g(\014le)h(descriptor)f Fq(fd)j Ft(instead)e(of)f(the)h
(standard)e(input.)630 777 y Fs(-C)384 b Ft(Ev)-5 b(aluate)43
b Fq(callbac)m(k)49 b Ft(eac)m(h)42 b(time)g Fq(quan)m(tum)p
Ft(P)f(lines)h(are)f(read.)74 b(The)41 b(`)p Fs(-c)p
Ft(')1110 887 y(option)31 b(sp)s(eci\014es)f Fq(quan)m(tum)p
Ft(.)630 1046 y Fs(-c)384 b Ft(Sp)s(ecify)30 b(the)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f
(of)i(lines)f(read)h(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)g(eac)m(h)g(call)h(to)f
Fq(callbac)m(k)6 b Ft(.)630 1205 y(If)29 b(`)p Fs(-C)p
Ft(')g(is)h(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(without)g(`)p Fs(-c)p Ft(',)h(the)g
(default)g(quan)m(tum)f(is)g(5000.)42 b(When)30 b Fq(callbac)m(k)37
b Ft(is)630 1315 y(ev)-5 b(aluated,)35 b(it)e(is)f(supplied)g(the)g
(index)g(of)h(the)g(next)g(arra)m(y)g(elemen)m(t)h(to)f(b)s(e)f
(assigned)h(as)630 1425 y(an)f(additional)h(argumen)m(t.)46
b Fq(callbac)m(k)40 b Ft(is)32 b(ev)-5 b(aluated)33 b(after)g(the)f
(line)h(is)f(read)g(but)f(b)s(efore)630 1534 y(the)g(arra)m(y)f(elemen)
m(t)i(is)f(assigned.)630 1669 y(If)25 b(not)g(supplied)f(with)h(an)g
(explicit)i(origin,)g Fs(mapfile)c Ft(will)j(clear)g
Fq(arra)m(y)34 b Ft(b)s(efore)24 b(assigning)630 1778
y(to)31 b(it.)630 1913 y Fs(mapfile)41 b Ft(returns)g(successfully)i
(unless)e(an)i(in)m(v)-5 b(alid)43 b(option)g(or)g(option)g(argumen)m
(t)g(is)630 2022 y(supplied,)29 b Fq(arra)m(y)39 b Ft(is)30
b(in)m(v)-5 b(alid)31 b(or)g(unassignable,)f(or)h Fq(arra)m(y)38
b Ft(is)31 b(not)f(an)h(indexed)e(arra)m(y)-8 b(.)150
2182 y Fs(printf)870 2316 y(printf)46 b([-v)h Fi(var)11
b Fs(])46 b Fi(format)57 b Fs([)p Fi(arguments)11 b Fs(])630
2451 y Ft(W)-8 b(rite)27 b(the)g(formatted)f Fq(argumen)m(ts)k
Ft(to)d(the)f(standard)f(output)h(under)e(the)i(con)m(trol)i(of)e(the)
630 2560 y Fq(format)r Ft(.)40 b(The)29 b Fq(format)i
Ft(is)d(a)h(c)m(haracter)i(string)d(whic)m(h)h(con)m(tains)h(three)e(t)
m(yp)s(es)h(of)g(ob)5 b(jects:)630 2670 y(plain)28 b(c)m(haracters,)j
(whic)m(h)d(are)h(simply)f(copied)h(to)h(standard)d(output,)i(c)m
(haracter)h(escap)s(e)630 2780 y(sequences,)g(whic)m(h)f(are)g(con)m(v)
m(erted)i(and)d(copied)i(to)f(the)h(standard)e(output,)h(and)g(format)
630 2889 y(sp)s(eci\014cations,)38 b(eac)m(h)g(of)e(whic)m(h)g(causes)g
(prin)m(ting)g(of)g(the)h(next)f(successiv)m(e)h Fq(argumen)m(t)r
Ft(.)630 2999 y(In)31 b(addition)h(to)h(the)e(standard)g
Fs(printf\(1\))f Ft(formats,)i(`)p Fs(\045b)p Ft(')g(causes)g
Fs(printf)e Ft(to)j(expand)630 3108 y(bac)m(kslash)39
b(escap)s(e)f(sequences)h(in)f(the)g(corresp)s(onding)f
Fq(argumen)m(t)r Ft(,)k(\(except)e(that)g(`)p Fs(\\c)p
Ft(')630 3218 y(terminates)44 b(output,)j(bac)m(kslashes)d(in)f(`)p
Fs(\\')p Ft(',)k(`)p Fs(\\")p Ft(',)g(and)c(`)p Fs(\\?)p
Ft(')g(are)h(not)g(remo)m(v)m(ed,)k(and)630 3328 y(o)s(ctal)25
b(escap)s(es)f(b)s(eginning)f(with)g(`)p Fs(\\0)p Ft(')h(ma)m(y)g(con)m
(tain)h(up)e(to)h(four)f(digits\),)j(and)d(`)p Fs(\045q)p
Ft(')h(causes)630 3437 y Fs(printf)31 b Ft(to)i(output)f(the)h(corresp)
s(onding)f Fq(argumen)m(t)j Ft(in)d(a)h(format)g(that)g(can)g(b)s(e)f
(reused)630 3547 y(as)f(shell)f(input.)630 3681 y(The)24
b(`)p Fs(-v)p Ft(')h(option)g(causes)g(the)g(output)g(to)g(b)s(e)f
(assigned)h(to)h(the)f(v)-5 b(ariable)25 b Fq(v)-5 b(ar)32
b Ft(rather)24 b(than)630 3791 y(b)s(eing)30 b(prin)m(ted)g(to)h(the)g
(standard)e(output.)630 3925 y(The)i Fq(format)i Ft(is)e(reused)f(as)i
(necessary)f(to)h(consume)f(all)h(of)f(the)g Fq(argumen)m(ts)t
Ft(.)43 b(If)31 b(the)g Fq(for-)630 4035 y(mat)d Ft(requires)e(more)g
Fq(argumen)m(ts)k Ft(than)25 b(are)i(supplied,)e(the)h(extra)h(format)f
(sp)s(eci\014cations)630 4144 y(b)s(eha)m(v)m(e)j(as)g(if)f(a)h(zero)g
(v)-5 b(alue)29 b(or)g(n)m(ull)f(string,)h(as)g(appropriate,)g(had)f(b)
s(een)g(supplied.)38 b(The)630 4254 y(return)29 b(v)-5
b(alue)31 b(is)g(zero)g(on)f(success,)h(non-zero)g(on)f(failure.)150
4413 y Fs(read)870 4548 y(read)47 b([-ers])f([-a)h Fi(aname)11
b Fs(])45 b([-d)i Fi(delim)11 b Fs(])46 b([-i)h Fi(text)11
b Fs(])46 b([-n)g Fi(nchars)11 b Fs(])46 b([-N)h Fi(nchars)11
b Fs(])45 b([-p)i Fi(prompt)11 b Fs(])45 b([-t)i Fi(time-)870
4658 y(out)11 b Fs(])46 b([-u)h Fi(fd)11 b Fs(])46 b([)p
Fi(name)57 b Fs(...])630 4792 y Ft(One)26 b(line)h(is)g(read)f(from)h
(the)f(standard)g(input,)h(or)g(from)f(the)h(\014le)f(descriptor)h
Fq(fd)i Ft(supplied)630 4902 y(as)37 b(an)g(argumen)m(t)h(to)f(the)h(`)
p Fs(-u)p Ft(')e(option,)k(and)c(the)i(\014rst)e(w)m(ord)g(is)h
(assigned)h(to)f(the)h(\014rst)630 5011 y Fq(name)5 b
Ft(,)28 b(the)g(second)g(w)m(ord)f(to)h(the)f(second)h
Fq(name)5 b Ft(,)28 b(and)f(so)h(on,)g(with)f(lefto)m(v)m(er)j(w)m
(ords)d(and)630 5121 y(their)h(in)m(terv)m(ening)g(separators)g
(assigned)g(to)h(the)e(last)i Fq(name)5 b Ft(.)40 b(If)27
b(there)h(are)g(few)m(er)f(w)m(ords)630 5230 y(read)44
b(from)f(the)g(input)g(stream)h(than)g(names,)j(the)c(remaining)h
(names)g(are)g(assigned)630 5340 y(empt)m(y)31 b(v)-5
b(alues.)41 b(The)30 b(c)m(haracters)i(in)e(the)h(v)-5
b(alue)31 b(of)g(the)f Fs(IFS)g Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)31
b(are)g(used)f(to)h(split)p eop end
%%Page: 48 54
TeXDict begin 48 53 bop 150 -116 a Ft(48)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)630 299 y(the)37 b(line)h(in)m(to)g(w)m(ords.)
61 b(The)36 b(bac)m(kslash)i(c)m(haracter)h(`)p Fs(\\)p
Ft(')e(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(used)f(to)i(remo)m(v)m(e)h(an)m(y)630
408 y(sp)s(ecial)h(meaning)g(for)f(the)g(next)h(c)m(haracter)h(read)e
(and)g(for)g(line)h(con)m(tin)m(uation.)69 b(If)39 b(no)630
518 y(names)28 b(are)h(supplied,)f(the)g(line)h(read)g(is)f(assigned)h
(to)g(the)f(v)-5 b(ariable)29 b Fs(REPLY)p Ft(.)39 b(The)28
b(return)630 628 y(co)s(de)e(is)g(zero,)h(unless)e(end-of-\014le)h(is)g
(encoun)m(tered,)h Fs(read)e Ft(times)h(out)g(\(in)g(whic)m(h)f(case)i
(the)630 737 y(return)i(co)s(de)i(is)g(greater)g(than)g(128\),)h(or)f
(an)f(in)m(v)-5 b(alid)31 b(\014le)g(descriptor)f(is)h(supplied)e(as)i
(the)630 847 y(argumen)m(t)g(to)g(`)p Fs(-u)p Ft('.)630
983 y(Options,)f(if)h(supplied,)e(ha)m(v)m(e)i(the)g(follo)m(wing)h
(meanings:)630 1144 y Fs(-a)e Fi(aname)114 b Ft(The)34
b(w)m(ords)f(are)i(assigned)f(to)h(sequen)m(tial)h(indices)e(of)g(the)g
(arra)m(y)h(v)-5 b(ariable)1110 1254 y Fq(aname)5 b Ft(,)29
b(starting)g(at)f(0.)40 b(All)29 b(elemen)m(ts)g(are)f(remo)m(v)m(ed)h
(from)e Fq(aname)33 b Ft(b)s(efore)1110 1363 y(the)e(assignmen)m(t.)41
b(Other)30 b Fq(name)36 b Ft(argumen)m(ts)30 b(are)h(ignored.)630
1525 y Fs(-d)f Fi(delim)114 b Ft(The)41 b(\014rst)h(c)m(haracter)h(of)f
Fq(delim)g Ft(is)g(used)g(to)g(terminate)h(the)f(input)f(line,)1110
1635 y(rather)30 b(than)g(newline.)630 1797 y Fs(-e)384
b Ft(Readline)28 b(\(see)h(Chapter)e(8)h([Command)f(Line)g(Editing],)i
(page)f(93\))h(is)f(used)1110 1906 y(to)42 b(obtain)f(the)g(line.)73
b(Readline)41 b(uses)g(the)g(curren)m(t)g(\(or)g(default,)j(if)d(line)
1110 2016 y(editing)31 b(w)m(as)g(not)f(previously)g(activ)m(e\))j
(editing)f(settings.)630 2178 y Fs(-i)e Fi(text)162 b
Ft(If)36 b(Readline)i(is)f(b)s(eing)g(used)f(to)h(read)g(the)g(line,)j
Fq(text)f Ft(is)e(placed)h(in)m(to)g(the)1110 2287 y(editing)31
b(bu\013er)e(b)s(efore)h(editing)h(b)s(egins.)630 2449
y Fs(-n)f Fi(nchars)1110 2559 y Fs(read)38 b Ft(returns)f(after)j
(reading)f Fq(nc)m(hars)j Ft(c)m(haracters)e(rather)f(than)g(w)m
(aiting)1110 2668 y(for)g(a)h(complete)h(line)f(of)f(input,)i(but)e
(honor)g(a)h(delimiter)g(if)f(few)m(er)h(than)1110 2778
y Fq(nc)m(hars)34 b Ft(c)m(haracters)e(are)e(read)h(b)s(efore)f(the)g
(delimiter.)630 2939 y Fs(-N)g Fi(nchars)1110 3049 y
Fs(read)39 b Ft(returns)f(after)j(reading)e(exactly)j
Fq(nc)m(hars)h Ft(c)m(haracters)f(rather)d(than)1110
3159 y(w)m(aiting)32 b(for)f(a)g(complete)i(line)e(of)g(input,)g
(unless)f(EOF)h(is)g(encoun)m(tered)g(or)1110 3268 y
Fs(read)f Ft(times)i(out.)43 b(Delimiter)33 b(c)m(haracters)f(encoun)m
(tered)g(in)f(the)g(input)g(are)1110 3378 y(not)g(treated)h(sp)s
(ecially)g(and)f(do)f(not)i(cause)f Fs(read)f Ft(to)i(return)e(un)m
(til)h Fq(nc)m(hars)1110 3487 y Ft(c)m(haracters)h(are)f(read.)630
3649 y Fs(-p)f Fi(prompt)1110 3759 y Ft(Displa)m(y)38
b Fq(prompt)r Ft(,)f(without)g(a)f(trailing)i(newline,)g(b)s(efore)e
(attempting)i(to)1110 3868 y(read)f(an)m(y)h(input.)60
b(The)37 b(prompt)g(is)g(displa)m(y)m(ed)h(only)f(if)g(input)g(is)g
(coming)1110 3978 y(from)30 b(a)h(terminal.)630 4140
y Fs(-r)384 b Ft(If)21 b(this)h(option)g(is)f(giv)m(en,)k(bac)m(kslash)
d(do)s(es)f(not)h(act)h(as)f(an)f(escap)s(e)h(c)m(haracter.)1110
4249 y(The)30 b(bac)m(kslash)i(is)f(considered)g(to)h(b)s(e)e(part)h
(of)g(the)g(line.)43 b(In)30 b(particular,)i(a)1110 4359
y(bac)m(kslash-newline)f(pair)f(ma)m(y)h(not)g(b)s(e)f(used)f(as)i(a)g
(line)f(con)m(tin)m(uation.)630 4521 y Fs(-s)384 b Ft(Silen)m(t)28
b(mo)s(de.)40 b(If)27 b(input)f(is)i(coming)g(from)f(a)h(terminal,)h(c)
m(haracters)g(are)f(not)1110 4630 y(ec)m(ho)s(ed.)630
4792 y Fs(-t)i Fi(timeout)1110 4902 y Ft(Cause)23 b Fs(read)f
Ft(to)i(time)f(out)h(and)e(return)g(failure)h(if)g(a)h(complete)g(line)
g(of)f(input)1110 5011 y(is)44 b(not)f(read)h(within)e
Fq(timeout)47 b Ft(seconds.)80 b Fq(timeout)46 b Ft(ma)m(y)e(b)s(e)f(a)
h(decimal)1110 5121 y(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)26 b(with)h(a)h(fractional)h(p)s
(ortion)d(follo)m(wing)j(the)f(decimal)g(p)s(oin)m(t.)40
b(This)1110 5230 y(option)g(is)g(only)g(e\013ectiv)m(e)j(if)c
Fs(read)g Ft(is)h(reading)g(input)f(from)g(a)h(terminal,)1110
5340 y(pip)s(e,)25 b(or)e(other)i(sp)s(ecial)f(\014le;)i(it)f(has)e(no)
h(e\013ect)h(when)e(reading)h(from)g(regular)p eop end
%%Page: 49 55
TeXDict begin 49 54 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(49)1110 299 y(\014les.)55
b(If)34 b Fq(timeout)k Ft(is)d(0,)i Fs(read)d Ft(returns)g(success)h
(if)g(input)g(is)g(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)37 b(on)1110 408
y(the)j(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(\014le)g(descriptor,)j(failure)e(otherwise.)69
b(The)39 b(exit)h(status)g(is)1110 518 y(greater)32 b(than)e(128)h(if)g
(the)f(timeout)i(is)e(exceeded.)630 682 y Fs(-u)g Fi(fd)258
b Ft(Read)31 b(input)e(from)h(\014le)g(descriptor)h Fq(fd)t
Ft(.)150 847 y Fs(readarray)870 956 y(readarray)45 b([-n)i
Fi(count)11 b Fs(])46 b([-O)h Fi(origin)11 b Fs(])45
b([-s)i Fi(count)11 b Fs(])46 b([-t])g([-u)h Fi(fd)11
b Fs(])47 b([)870 1066 y(-C)g Fi(callback)11 b Fs(])45
b([-c)i Fi(quantum)11 b Fs(])45 b([)p Fi(array)11 b Fs(])630
1203 y Ft(Read)37 b(lines)g(from)f(the)h(standard)f(input)g(in)m(to)h
(the)g(indexed)f(arra)m(y)i(v)-5 b(ariable)37 b Fq(arra)m(y)8
b Ft(,)39 b(or)630 1313 y(from)30 b(\014le)g(descriptor)h
Fq(fd)i Ft(if)d(the)h(`)p Fs(-u)p Ft(')f(option)h(is)f(supplied.)630
1450 y(A)g(synon)m(ym)g(for)g Fs(mapfile)p Ft(.)150 1614
y Fs(source)870 1751 y(source)46 b Fi(filename)630 1888
y Ft(A)30 b(synon)m(ym)g(for)g Fs(.)g Ft(\(see)i(Section)f(4.1)g
([Bourne)g(Shell)f(Builtins],)h(page)g(35\).)150 2052
y Fs(type)870 2189 y(type)47 b([-afptP])e([)p Fi(name)57
b Fs(...)o(])630 2326 y Ft(F)-8 b(or)41 b(eac)m(h)h Fq(name)5
b Ft(,)44 b(indicate)e(ho)m(w)f(it)g(w)m(ould)f(b)s(e)g(in)m(terpreted)
h(if)g(used)f(as)h(a)g(command)630 2436 y(name.)630 2573
y(If)d(the)g(`)p Fs(-t)p Ft(')g(option)g(is)g(used,)i
Fs(type)d Ft(prin)m(ts)g(a)i(single)f(w)m(ord)g(whic)m(h)g(is)g(one)g
(of)h(`)p Fs(alias)p Ft(',)630 2682 y(`)p Fs(function)p
Ft(',)32 b(`)p Fs(builtin)p Ft(',)g(`)p Fs(file)p Ft(')g(or)h(`)p
Fs(keyword)p Ft(',)f(if)h Fq(name)38 b Ft(is)33 b(an)f(alias,)j(shell)e
(function,)630 2792 y(shell)i(builtin,)g(disk)g(\014le,)h(or)e(shell)h
(reserv)m(ed)g(w)m(ord,)h(resp)s(ectiv)m(ely)-8 b(.)55
b(If)34 b(the)h Fq(name)40 b Ft(is)35 b(not)630 2902
y(found,)29 b(then)h(nothing)h(is)f(prin)m(ted,)g(and)g
Fs(type)f Ft(returns)g(a)i(failure)g(status.)630 3039
y(If)39 b(the)g(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(')g(option)h(is)f(used,)i
Fs(type)d Ft(either)h(returns)f(the)i(name)f(of)g(the)g(disk)g(\014le)g
(that)630 3148 y(w)m(ould)30 b(b)s(e)g(executed,)h(or)g(nothing)f(if)g
(`)p Fs(-t)p Ft(')h(w)m(ould)f(not)g(return)g(`)p Fs(file)p
Ft('.)630 3285 y(The)23 b(`)p Fs(-P)p Ft(')g(option)h(forces)g(a)g
(path)f(searc)m(h)h(for)f(eac)m(h)h Fq(name)5 b Ft(,)26
b(ev)m(en)e(if)f(`)p Fs(-t)p Ft(')g(w)m(ould)g(not)h(return)630
3395 y(`)p Fs(file)p Ft('.)630 3532 y(If)34 b(a)i(command)e(is)h
(hashed,)g(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(')g(and)f(`)p Fs(-P)p Ft(')h(prin)m(t)f(the)h
(hashed)f(v)-5 b(alue,)37 b(not)e(necessarily)630 3641
y(the)c(\014le)f(that)h(app)s(ears)f(\014rst)f(in)h Fs($PATH)p
Ft(.)630 3778 y(If)36 b(the)h(`)p Fs(-a)p Ft(')g(option)g(is)g(used,)g
Fs(type)f Ft(returns)f(all)j(of)f(the)g(places)g(that)g(con)m(tain)h
(an)f(exe-)630 3888 y(cutable)d(named)f Fq(\014le)5 b
Ft(.)49 b(This)32 b(includes)h(aliases)i(and)d(functions,)i(if)f(and)f
(only)i(if)f(the)g(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(')630 3998 y(option)e(is)f(not)h
(also)g(used.)630 4134 y(If)26 b(the)h(`)p Fs(-f)p Ft(')g(option)g(is)g
(used,)g Fs(type)e Ft(do)s(es)i(not)g(attempt)g(to)h(\014nd)d(shell)i
(functions,)g(as)g(with)630 4244 y(the)k Fs(command)d
Ft(builtin.)630 4381 y(The)j(return)f(status)h(is)g(zero)h(if)f(all)h
(of)f(the)h Fq(names)i Ft(are)e(found,)e(non-zero)i(if)f(an)m(y)g(are)h
(not)630 4491 y(found.)150 4655 y Fs(typeset)870 4792
y(typeset)46 b([-afFrxi])f([-p])i([)p Fi(name)11 b Fs([=)p
Fi(value)g Fs(])43 b(...)o(])630 4929 y Ft(The)29 b Fs(typeset)f
Ft(command)h(is)g(supplied)g(for)g(compatibilit)m(y)j(with)d(the)h
(Korn)e(shell;)j(ho)m(w-)630 5039 y(ev)m(er,)g(it)g(has)f(b)s(een)g
(deprecated)h(in)f(fa)m(v)m(or)i(of)e(the)h Fs(declare)d
Ft(builtin)i(command.)150 5203 y Fs(ulimit)870 5340 y(ulimit)46
b([-abcdefilmnpqrstuvxHST])41 b([)p Fi(limit)11 b Fs(])p
eop end
%%Page: 50 56
TeXDict begin 50 55 bop 150 -116 a Ft(50)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)630 299 y Fs(ulimit)25 b Ft(pro)m(vides)h(con)m
(trol)i(o)m(v)m(er)g(the)f(resources)f(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)29
b(to)e(pro)s(cesses)f(started)h(b)m(y)g(the)630 408 y(shell,)i(on)f
(systems)g(that)h(allo)m(w)h(suc)m(h)e(con)m(trol.)41
b(If)28 b(an)g(option)h(is)f(giv)m(en,)i(it)e(is)h(in)m(terpreted)630
518 y(as)i(follo)m(ws:)630 671 y Fs(-S)384 b Ft(Change)30
b(and)g(rep)s(ort)g(the)g(soft)h(limit)g(asso)s(ciated)h(with)e(a)h
(resource.)630 825 y Fs(-H)384 b Ft(Change)30 b(and)g(rep)s(ort)g(the)g
(hard)g(limit)h(asso)s(ciated)h(with)e(a)h(resource.)630
978 y Fs(-a)384 b Ft(All)31 b(curren)m(t)f(limits)h(are)g(rep)s(orted.)
630 1132 y Fs(-b)384 b Ft(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(so)s(c)m(k)m(et)i
(bu\013er)e(size.)630 1285 y Fs(-c)384 b Ft(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(size)
h(of)g(core)g(\014les)f(created.)630 1439 y Fs(-d)384
b Ft(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(size)h(of)g(a)g(pro)s(cess's)f(data)h
(segmen)m(t.)630 1592 y Fs(-e)384 b Ft(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(sc)m
(heduling)h(priorit)m(y)f(\()p Fs(")p Ft(nice)p Fs(")p
Ft(\).)630 1745 y Fs(-f)384 b Ft(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(size)h(of)g
(\014les)f(written)h(b)m(y)f(the)g(shell)h(and)f(its)h(c)m(hildren.)630
1899 y Fs(-i)384 b Ft(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i(p)s
(ending)e(signals.)630 2052 y Fs(-l)384 b Ft(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g
(size)h(that)g(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(lo)s(c)m(k)m(ed)i(in)m(to)f(memory)-8
b(.)630 2206 y Fs(-m)384 b Ft(The)36 b(maxim)m(um)g(residen)m(t)h(set)g
(size)g(\(man)m(y)g(systems)f(do)h(not)f(honor)g(this)1110
2315 y(limit\).)630 2469 y Fs(-n)384 b Ft(The)38 b(maxim)m(um)h(n)m(um)
m(b)s(er)e(of)i(op)s(en)f(\014le)h(descriptors)g(\(most)g(systems)g(do)
1110 2578 y(not)31 b(allo)m(w)g(this)g(v)-5 b(alue)31
b(to)g(b)s(e)e(set\).)630 2732 y Fs(-p)384 b Ft(The)30
b(pip)s(e)f(bu\013er)h(size.)630 2885 y Fs(-q)384 b Ft(The)30
b(maxim)m(um)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i(b)m(ytes)g(in)f(POSIX)f(message)j
(queues.)630 3039 y Fs(-r)384 b Ft(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(real-time)i
(sc)m(heduling)f(priorit)m(y)-8 b(.)630 3192 y Fs(-s)384
b Ft(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(stac)m(k)i(size.)630 3345
y Fs(-t)384 b Ft(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(amoun)m(t)h(of)f(cpu)g(time)h
(in)f(seconds.)630 3499 y Fs(-u)384 b Ft(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(n)m(um)m
(b)s(er)f(of)i(pro)s(cesses)f(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)33 b(to)e(a)f(single)i
(user.)630 3652 y Fs(-v)384 b Ft(The)29 b(maxim)m(um)h(amoun)m(t)g(of)g
(virtual)g(memory)g(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)32 b(to)e(the)g(pro)s(cess.)630
3806 y Fs(-x)384 b Ft(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i
(\014le)f(lo)s(c)m(ks.)630 3959 y Fs(-T)384 b Ft(The)30
b(maxim)m(um)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i(threads.)630 4113
y(If)i Fq(limit)j Ft(is)e(giv)m(en,)h(it)f(is)g(the)g(new)f(v)-5
b(alue)34 b(of)f(the)h(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(resource;)i(the)f(sp)s(ecial)g
Fq(limit)630 4222 y Ft(v)-5 b(alues)27 b Fs(hard)p Ft(,)g
Fs(soft)p Ft(,)g(and)g Fs(unlimited)d Ft(stand)j(for)g(the)g(curren)m
(t)g(hard)f(limit,)j(the)e(curren)m(t)630 4332 y(soft)38
b(limit,)j(and)d(no)f(limit,)k(resp)s(ectiv)m(ely)-8
b(.)66 b(A)38 b(hard)f(limit)h(cannot)h(b)s(e)e(increased)i(b)m(y)f(a)
630 4441 y(non-ro)s(ot)f(user)f(once)i(it)g(is)f(set;)k(a)c(soft)g
(limit)h(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)e(increased)h(up)f(to)i(the)f(v)-5
b(alue)38 b(of)630 4551 y(the)c(hard)f(limit.)51 b(Otherwise,)35
b(the)f(curren)m(t)f(v)-5 b(alue)35 b(of)f(the)f(soft)i(limit)f(for)g
(the)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)630 4661 y(resource)27 b(is)h(prin)m(ted,)f
(unless)g(the)g(`)p Fs(-H)p Ft(')g(option)h(is)f(supplied.)38
b(When)27 b(setting)h(new)f(limits,)630 4770 y(if)40
b(neither)f(`)p Fs(-H)p Ft(')h(nor)f(`)p Fs(-S)p Ft(')h(is)f(supplied,)
i(b)s(oth)e(the)h(hard)f(and)g(soft)h(limits)g(are)g(set.)69
b(If)630 4880 y(no)35 b(option)h(is)f(giv)m(en,)j(then)d(`)p
Fs(-f)p Ft(')g(is)g(assumed.)55 b(V)-8 b(alues)36 b(are)f(in)g(1024-b)m
(yte)j(incremen)m(ts,)630 4989 y(except)d(for)f(`)p Fs(-t)p
Ft(',)g(whic)m(h)g(is)g(in)g(seconds,)h(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(',)g(whic)m(h)e
(is)h(in)g(units)f(of)h(512-b)m(yte)i(blo)s(c)m(ks,)630
5099 y(and)30 b(`)p Fs(-n)p Ft(')g(and)g(`)p Fs(-u)p
Ft(',)g(whic)m(h)g(are)h(unscaled)f(v)-5 b(alues.)630
5230 y(The)34 b(return)g(status)h(is)f(zero)i(unless)e(an)g(in)m(v)-5
b(alid)36 b(option)f(or)f(argumen)m(t)i(is)e(supplied,)h(or)630
5340 y(an)30 b(error)g(o)s(ccurs)g(while)h(setting)g(a)g(new)f(limit.)p
eop end
%%Page: 51 57
TeXDict begin 51 56 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(51)150 299 y Fs(unalias)870
435 y(unalias)46 b([-a])g([)p Fi(name)57 b Fs(...)47
b(])630 572 y Ft(Remo)m(v)m(e)39 b(eac)m(h)f Fq(name)k
Ft(from)36 b(the)h(list)h(of)f(aliases.)61 b(If)36 b(`)p
Fs(-a)p Ft(')h(is)g(supplied,)h(all)f(aliases)i(are)630
681 y(remo)m(v)m(ed.)j(Aliases)31 b(are)g(describ)s(ed)e(in)h(Section)i
(6.6)f([Aliases],)h(page)f(79.)150 919 y Fr(4.3)68 b(Mo)t(difying)45
b(Shell)g(Beha)l(vior)150 1144 y Fj(4.3.1)63 b(The)41
b(Set)g(Builtin)150 1290 y Ft(This)35 b(builtin)h(is)g(so)g
(complicated)i(that)f(it)f(deserv)m(es)h(its)f(o)m(wn)g(section.)59
b Fs(set)35 b Ft(allo)m(ws)j(y)m(ou)e(to)h(c)m(hange)150
1400 y(the)c(v)-5 b(alues)34 b(of)f(shell)g(options)h(and)e(set)i(the)f
(p)s(ositional)h(parameters,)h(or)e(to)h(displa)m(y)f(the)g(names)h
(and)150 1510 y(v)-5 b(alues)31 b(of)f(shell)h(v)-5 b(ariables.)150
1675 y Fs(set)870 1811 y(set)47 b([--abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT])41
b([-o)47 b Fi(option)11 b Fs(])46 b([)p Fi(argument)55
b Fs(...])870 1921 y(set)47 b([+abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT])42
b([+o)47 b Fi(option)11 b Fs(])45 b([)p Fi(argument)56
b Fs(...)o(])630 2057 y Ft(If)22 b(no)h(options)g(or)g(argumen)m(ts)g
(are)g(supplied,)g Fs(set)f Ft(displa)m(ys)g(the)h(names)g(and)f(v)-5
b(alues)23 b(of)g(all)630 2167 y(shell)j(v)-5 b(ariables)27
b(and)e(functions,)h(sorted)g(according)h(to)g(the)f(curren)m(t)f(lo)s
(cale,)k(in)c(a)i(format)630 2276 y(that)i(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(reused)g
(as)h(input)f(for)h(setting)h(or)e(resetting)i(the)f(curren)m(tly-set)h
(v)-5 b(ariables.)630 2386 y(Read-only)37 b(v)-5 b(ariables)37
b(cannot)h(b)s(e)e(reset.)59 b(In)36 b Fl(posix)g Ft(mo)s(de,)i(only)f
(shell)f(v)-5 b(ariables)38 b(are)630 2495 y(listed.)630
2632 y(When)29 b(options)g(are)g(supplied,)f(they)h(set)h(or)f(unset)f
(shell)h(attributes.)41 b(Options,)29 b(if)g(sp)s(ec-)630
2741 y(i\014ed,)h(ha)m(v)m(e)i(the)e(follo)m(wing)i(meanings:)630
2905 y Fs(-a)384 b Ft(Mark)32 b(v)-5 b(ariables)33 b(and)e(function)h
(whic)m(h)g(are)g(mo)s(di\014ed)f(or)h(created)h(for)f(ex-)1110
3014 y(p)s(ort)e(to)h(the)f(en)m(vironmen)m(t)h(of)g(subsequen)m(t)f
(commands.)630 3177 y Fs(-b)384 b Ft(Cause)44 b(the)h(status)g(of)f
(terminated)h(bac)m(kground)g(jobs)f(to)h(b)s(e)f(rep)s(orted)1110
3287 y(immediately)-8 b(,)30 b(rather)d(than)f(b)s(efore)h(prin)m(ting)
g(the)g(next)g(primary)g(prompt.)630 3450 y Fs(-e)384
b Ft(Exit)65 b(immediately)g(if)f(a)h(pip)s(eline)e(\(see)i(Section)g
(3.2.2)h([Pip)s(elines],)1110 3560 y(page)56 b(8\),)62
b(whic)m(h)55 b(ma)m(y)h(consist)f(of)h(a)f(single)h(simple)f(command)g
(\(see)1110 3669 y(Section)43 b(3.2.1)i([Simple)d(Commands],)j(page)e
(8\),)k(a)c(subshell)e(command)1110 3779 y(enclosed)32
b(in)f(paren)m(theses)h(\(see)h(Section)f(3.2.4.3)i([Command)d
(Grouping],)1110 3889 y(page)h(13\),)h(or)e(one)g(of)h(the)f(commands)g
(executed)h(as)f(part)g(of)h(a)f(command)1110 3998 y(list)37
b(enclosed)g(b)m(y)f(braces)g(\(see)h(Section)g(3.2.4.3)h([Command)e
(Grouping],)1110 4108 y(page)48 b(13\))g(returns)d(a)j(non-zero)f
(status.)91 b(The)46 b(shell)h(do)s(es)g(not)g(exit)h(if)1110
4217 y(the)39 b(command)f(that)h(fails)g(is)f(part)g(of)h(the)f
(command)h(list)g(immediately)1110 4327 y(follo)m(wing)47
b(a)f Fs(while)e Ft(or)h Fs(until)f Ft(k)m(eyw)m(ord,)50
b(part)45 b(of)h(the)g(test)g(in)f(an)h Fs(if)1110 4436
y Ft(statemen)m(t,)31 b(part)d(of)h(an)m(y)g(command)f(executed)h(in)g
(a)g Fs(&&)e Ft(or)i Fs(||)f Ft(list)h(except)1110 4546
y(the)48 b(command)h(follo)m(wing)g(the)g(\014nal)f Fs(&&)f
Ft(or)i Fs(||)p Ft(,)j(an)m(y)d(command)f(in)g(a)1110
4656 y(pip)s(eline)39 b(but)f(the)i(last,)i(or)d(if)g(the)h(command's)f
(return)f(status)h(is)g(b)s(eing)1110 4765 y(in)m(v)m(erted)33
b(with)e Fs(!)p Ft(.)45 b(A)32 b(trap)g(on)f Fs(ERR)p
Ft(,)h(if)g(set,)h(is)f(executed)g(b)s(efore)g(the)g(shell)1110
4875 y(exits.)1110 5011 y(This)e(option)h(applies)f(to)h(the)g(shell)g
(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g(and)f(eac)m(h)h(subshell)f(en-)1110
5121 y(vironmen)m(t)j(separately)i(\(see)f(Section)g(3.7.3)h([Command)d
(Execution)i(En-)1110 5230 y(vironmen)m(t],)i(page)f(30\),)i(and)d(ma)m
(y)h(cause)f(subshells)g(to)h(exit)g(b)s(efore)f(exe-)1110
5340 y(cuting)d(all)g(the)g(commands)f(in)g(the)g(subshell.)p
eop end
%%Page: 52 58
TeXDict begin 52 57 bop 150 -116 a Ft(52)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)630 299 y Fs(-f)384 b Ft(Disable)31
b(\014lename)g(expansion)f(\(globbing\).)630 455 y Fs(-h)384
b Ft(Lo)s(cate)33 b(and)e(remem)m(b)s(er)h(\(hash\))g(commands)f(as)h
(they)g(are)g(lo)s(ok)m(ed)h(up)e(for)1110 565 y(execution.)42
b(This)29 b(option)i(is)g(enabled)f(b)m(y)g(default.)630
722 y Fs(-k)384 b Ft(All)34 b(argumen)m(ts)g(in)f(the)h(form)f(of)g
(assignmen)m(t)h(statemen)m(ts)i(are)d(placed)h(in)1110
831 y(the)k(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g(for)g(a)g(command,)h(not)f(just)f
(those)i(that)f(precede)g(the)1110 941 y(command)30 b(name.)630
1097 y Fs(-m)384 b Ft(Job)30 b(con)m(trol)i(is)e(enabled)h(\(see)g
(Chapter)f(7)g([Job)h(Con)m(trol],)g(page)g(89\).)630
1254 y Fs(-n)384 b Ft(Read)21 b(commands)f(but)g(do)h(not)g(execute)h
(them;)i(this)d(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(used)g(to)h(c)m(hec)m(k)1110
1363 y(a)42 b(script)g(for)g(syn)m(tax)g(errors.)75 b(This)41
b(option)h(is)g(ignored)g(b)m(y)g(in)m(teractiv)m(e)1110
1473 y(shells.)630 1630 y Fs(-o)30 b Fi(option-name)1110
1739 y Ft(Set)h(the)f(option)h(corresp)s(onding)e(to)i
Fq(option-name)5 b Ft(:)1110 1896 y Fs(allexport)1590
2005 y Ft(Same)30 b(as)h Fs(-a)p Ft(.)1110 2162 y Fs(braceexpand)1590
2271 y Ft(Same)f(as)h Fs(-B)p Ft(.)1110 2428 y Fs(emacs)240
b Ft(Use)25 b(an)f Fs(emacs)p Ft(-st)m(yle)h(line)f(editing)h(in)m
(terface)h(\(see)g(Chapter)e(8)1590 2538 y([Command)38
b(Line)g(Editing],)i(page)f(93\).)66 b(This)37 b(also)i(a\013ects)1590
2647 y(the)31 b(editing)g(in)m(terface)h(used)d(for)h
Fs(read)f(-e)p Ft(.)1110 2804 y Fs(errexit)144 b Ft(Same)30
b(as)h Fs(-e)p Ft(.)1110 2960 y Fs(errtrace)96 b Ft(Same)30
b(as)h Fs(-E)p Ft(.)1110 3117 y Fs(functrace)1590 3226
y Ft(Same)f(as)h Fs(-T)p Ft(.)1110 3383 y Fs(hashall)144
b Ft(Same)30 b(as)h Fs(-h)p Ft(.)1110 3540 y Fs(histexpand)1590
3649 y Ft(Same)f(as)h Fs(-H)p Ft(.)1110 3806 y Fs(history)144
b Ft(Enable)39 b(command)g(history)-8 b(,)42 b(as)d(describ)s(ed)f(in)h
(Section)h(9.1)1590 3915 y([Bash)d(History)g(F)-8 b(acilities],)41
b(page)c(121.)60 b(This)36 b(option)h(is)f(on)1590 4025
y(b)m(y)30 b(default)h(in)f(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shells.)1110
4181 y Fs(ignoreeof)1590 4291 y Ft(An)d(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell)e
(will)g(not)f(exit)h(up)s(on)e(reading)i(EOF.)1110 4448
y Fs(keyword)144 b Ft(Same)30 b(as)h Fs(-k)p Ft(.)1110
4604 y Fs(monitor)144 b Ft(Same)30 b(as)h Fs(-m)p Ft(.)1110
4761 y Fs(noclobber)1590 4870 y Ft(Same)f(as)h Fs(-C)p
Ft(.)1110 5027 y Fs(noexec)192 b Ft(Same)30 b(as)h Fs(-n)p
Ft(.)1110 5183 y Fs(noglob)192 b Ft(Same)30 b(as)h Fs(-f)p
Ft(.)1110 5340 y Fs(nolog)240 b Ft(Curren)m(tly)30 b(ignored.)p
eop end
%%Page: 53 59
TeXDict begin 53 58 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(53)1110 299 y
Fs(notify)192 b Ft(Same)30 b(as)h Fs(-b)p Ft(.)1110 455
y Fs(nounset)144 b Ft(Same)30 b(as)h Fs(-u)p Ft(.)1110
612 y Fs(onecmd)192 b Ft(Same)30 b(as)h Fs(-t)p Ft(.)1110
769 y Fs(physical)96 b Ft(Same)30 b(as)h Fs(-P)p Ft(.)1110
925 y Fs(pipefail)96 b Ft(If)44 b(set,)k(the)d(return)e(v)-5
b(alue)45 b(of)f(a)h(pip)s(eline)e(is)i(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)45
b(of)1590 1035 y(the)33 b(last)h(\(righ)m(tmost\))h(command)e(to)h
(exit)g(with)f(a)g(non-zero)1590 1144 y(status,)28 b(or)f(zero)g(if)f
(all)i(commands)e(in)g(the)h(pip)s(eline)f(exit)i(suc-)1590
1254 y(cessfully)-8 b(.)41 b(This)30 b(option)h(is)f(disabled)g(b)m(y)h
(default.)1110 1410 y Fs(posix)240 b Ft(Change)30 b(the)g(b)s(eha)m
(vior)h(of)f(Bash)g(where)g(the)g(default)h(op)s(era-)1590
1520 y(tion)25 b(di\013ers)f(from)g(the)h Fl(posix)f
Ft(standard)f(to)i(matc)m(h)h(the)f(stan-)1590 1630 y(dard)32
b(\(see)i(Section)g(6.11)h([Bash)e(POSIX)f(Mo)s(de],)j(page)e(84\).)
1590 1739 y(This)k(is)g(in)m(tended)g(to)h(mak)m(e)g(Bash)g(b)s(eha)m
(v)m(e)g(as)g(a)f(strict)h(su-)1590 1849 y(p)s(erset)30
b(of)h(that)f(standard.)1110 2005 y Fs(privileged)1590
2115 y Ft(Same)g(as)h Fs(-p)p Ft(.)1110 2271 y Fs(verbose)144
b Ft(Same)30 b(as)h Fs(-v)p Ft(.)1110 2428 y Fs(vi)384
b Ft(Use)36 b(a)g Fs(vi)p Ft(-st)m(yle)g(line)g(editing)g(in)m
(terface.)58 b(This)35 b(also)h(a\013ects)1590 2538 y(the)31
b(editing)g(in)m(terface)h(used)d(for)h Fs(read)f(-e)p
Ft(.)1110 2694 y Fs(xtrace)192 b Ft(Same)30 b(as)h Fs(-x)p
Ft(.)630 2851 y Fs(-p)384 b Ft(T)-8 b(urn)33 b(on)h(privileged)h(mo)s
(de.)51 b(In)34 b(this)g(mo)s(de,)h(the)f Fs($BASH_ENV)e
Ft(and)h Fs($ENV)1110 2960 y Ft(\014les)23 b(are)h(not)f(pro)s(cessed,)
h(shell)g(functions)e(are)i(not)f(inherited)g(from)f(the)i(en-)1110
3070 y(vironmen)m(t,)h(and)e(the)g Fs(SHELLOPTS)p Ft(,)f
Fs(BASHOPTS)p Ft(,)h Fs(CDPATH)e Ft(and)i Fs(GLOBIGNORE)1110
3180 y Ft(v)-5 b(ariables,)23 b(if)e(they)g(app)s(ear)f(in)g(the)h(en)m
(vironmen)m(t,)i(are)e(ignored.)38 b(If)20 b(the)h(shell)1110
3289 y(is)37 b(started)h(with)f(the)g(e\013ectiv)m(e)j(user)d
(\(group\))g(id)g(not)g(equal)h(to)g(the)f(real)1110
3399 y(user)h(\(group\))h(id,)i(and)d(the)h Fs(-p)f Ft(option)i(is)e
(not)i(supplied,)f(these)h(actions)1110 3508 y(are)32
b(tak)m(en)i(and)d(the)h(e\013ectiv)m(e)j(user)c(id)h(is)g(set)h(to)f
(the)h(real)f(user)g(id.)45 b(If)32 b(the)1110 3618 y
Fs(-p)i Ft(option)h(is)g(supplied)f(at)h(startup,)h(the)f(e\013ectiv)m
(e)i(user)d(id)g(is)h(not)g(reset.)1110 3727 y(T)-8 b(urning)35
b(this)i(option)g(o\013)g(causes)g(the)g(e\013ectiv)m(e)i(user)d(and)g
(group)g(ids)g(to)1110 3837 y(b)s(e)30 b(set)h(to)g(the)f(real)h(user)f
(and)g(group)g(ids.)630 3994 y Fs(-t)384 b Ft(Exit)31
b(after)g(reading)f(and)g(executing)h(one)g(command.)630
4150 y Fs(-u)384 b Ft(T)-8 b(reat)25 b(unset)e(v)-5 b(ariables)25
b(and)e(parameters)h(other)h(than)e(the)h(sp)s(ecial)h(param-)1110
4260 y(eters)35 b(`)p Fs(@)p Ft(')f(or)g(`)p Fs(*)p Ft(')h(as)f(an)g
(error)g(when)f(p)s(erforming)g(parameter)i(expansion.)1110
4369 y(An)28 b(error)h(message)g(will)g(b)s(e)f(written)h(to)h(the)e
(standard)g(error,)h(and)f(a)h(non-)1110 4479 y(in)m(teractiv)m(e)k
(shell)e(will)g(exit.)630 4635 y Fs(-v)384 b Ft(Prin)m(t)30
b(shell)h(input)e(lines)i(as)g(they)f(are)h(read.)630
4792 y Fs(-x)384 b Ft(Prin)m(t)21 b(a)h(trace)h(of)f(simple)f
(commands,)i Fs(for)e Ft(commands,)i Fs(case)d Ft(commands,)1110
4902 y Fs(select)29 b Ft(commands,)j(and)e(arithmetic)j
Fs(for)d Ft(commands)h(and)f(their)i(argu-)1110 5011
y(men)m(ts)h(or)f(asso)s(ciated)i(w)m(ord)e(lists)h(after)g(they)f(are)
h(expanded)f(and)f(b)s(efore)1110 5121 y(they)i(are)g(executed.)49
b(The)32 b(v)-5 b(alue)33 b(of)g(the)g Fs(PS4)f Ft(v)-5
b(ariable)34 b(is)f(expanded)f(and)1110 5230 y(the)24
b(resultan)m(t)h(v)-5 b(alue)24 b(is)g(prin)m(ted)g(b)s(efore)f(the)h
(command)g(and)f(its)i(expanded)1110 5340 y(argumen)m(ts.)p
eop end
%%Page: 54 60
TeXDict begin 54 59 bop 150 -116 a Ft(54)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)630 299 y Fs(-B)384 b Ft(The)41
b(shell)g(will)g(p)s(erform)f(brace)h(expansion)g(\(see)h(Section)g
(3.5.1)g([Brace)1110 408 y(Expansion],)30 b(page)h(18\).)42
b(This)30 b(option)h(is)f(on)g(b)m(y)h(default.)630 556
y Fs(-C)384 b Ft(Prev)m(en)m(t)25 b(output)e(redirection)h(using)f(`)p
Fs(>)p Ft(',)i(`)p Fs(>&)p Ft(',)g(and)e(`)p Fs(<>)p
Ft(')g(from)h(o)m(v)m(erwriting)1110 666 y(existing)31
b(\014les.)630 814 y Fs(-E)384 b Ft(If)39 b(set,)j(an)m(y)e(trap)f(on)g
Fs(ERR)g Ft(is)g(inherited)g(b)m(y)g(shell)h(functions,)h(command)1110
923 y(substitutions,)35 b(and)e(commands)g(executed)i(in)f(a)g
(subshell)f(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)1110 1033 y(The)d Fs(ERR)f
Ft(trap)i(is)f(normally)h(not)f(inherited)g(in)g(suc)m(h)g(cases.)630
1181 y Fs(-H)384 b Ft(Enable)38 b(`)p Fs(!)p Ft(')h(st)m(yle)h(history)
e(substitution)g(\(see)h(Section)h(9.3)f([History)g(In-)1110
1290 y(teraction],)g(page)d(123\).)57 b(This)34 b(option)i(is)f(on)g(b)
m(y)h(default)f(for)g(in)m(teractiv)m(e)1110 1400 y(shells.)630
1548 y Fs(-P)384 b Ft(If)43 b(set,)k(do)c(not)g(follo)m(w)h(sym)m(b)s
(olic)g(links)e(when)g(p)s(erforming)g(commands)1110
1657 y(suc)m(h)29 b(as)h Fs(cd)f Ft(whic)m(h)g(c)m(hange)h(the)g
(curren)m(t)f(directory)-8 b(.)42 b(The)28 b(ph)m(ysical)j(direc-)1110
1767 y(tory)j(is)g(used)f(instead.)52 b(By)34 b(default,)h(Bash)f
(follo)m(ws)h(the)f(logical)i(c)m(hain)f(of)1110 1877
y(directories)j(when)d(p)s(erforming)h(commands)g(whic)m(h)g(c)m(hange)
i(the)f(curren)m(t)1110 1986 y(directory)-8 b(.)1110
2115 y(F)g(or)31 b(example,)g(if)f(`)p Fs(/usr/sys)p
Ft(')e(is)i(a)g(sym)m(b)s(olic)h(link)f(to)g(`)p Fs(/usr/local/sys)p
Ft(')1110 2224 y(then:)1350 2353 y Fs($)47 b(cd)h(/usr/sys;)d(echo)i
($PWD)1350 2463 y(/usr/sys)1350 2572 y($)g(cd)h(..;)f(pwd)1350
2682 y(/usr)1110 2811 y Ft(If)30 b Fs(set)f(-P)h Ft(is)h(on,)f(then:)
1350 2939 y Fs($)47 b(cd)h(/usr/sys;)d(echo)i($PWD)1350
3049 y(/usr/local/sys)1350 3158 y($)g(cd)h(..;)f(pwd)1350
3268 y(/usr/local)630 3416 y(-T)384 b Ft(If)34 b(set,)j(an)m(y)e(trap)g
(on)g Fs(DEBUG)e Ft(and)i Fs(RETURN)e Ft(are)i(inherited)g(b)m(y)f
(shell)i(func-)1110 3525 y(tions,)k(command)d(substitutions,)h(and)f
(commands)g(executed)h(in)f(a)h(sub-)1110 3635 y(shell)33
b(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)49 b(The)32 b Fs(DEBUG)g Ft(and)g
Fs(RETURN)f Ft(traps)h(are)i(normally)f(not)1110 3745
y(inherited)d(in)g(suc)m(h)g(cases.)630 3892 y Fs(--)384
b Ft(If)31 b(no)h(argumen)m(ts)f(follo)m(w)i(this)f(option,)g(then)f
(the)h(p)s(ositional)h(parameters)1110 4002 y(are)h(unset.)49
b(Otherwise,)34 b(the)g(p)s(ositional)g(parameters)g(are)g(set)g(to)g
(the)g Fq(ar-)1110 4112 y(gumen)m(ts)t Ft(,)d(ev)m(en)g(if)f(some)h(of)
f(them)h(b)s(egin)f(with)g(a)g(`)p Fs(-)p Ft('.)630 4260
y Fs(-)432 b Ft(Signal)45 b(the)g(end)f(of)h(options,)k(cause)c(all)h
(remaining)e Fq(argumen)m(ts)49 b Ft(to)d(b)s(e)1110
4369 y(assigned)38 b(to)h(the)f(p)s(ositional)h(parameters.)65
b(The)37 b(`)p Fs(-x)p Ft(')h(and)g(`)p Fs(-v)p Ft(')g(options)1110
4479 y(are)25 b(turned)e(o\013.)40 b(If)24 b(there)h(are)g(no)f
(argumen)m(ts,)i(the)f(p)s(ositional)h(parameters)1110
4588 y(remain)k(unc)m(hanged.)630 4736 y(Using)d(`)p
Fs(+)p Ft(')h(rather)f(than)g(`)p Fs(-)p Ft(')g(causes)h(these)f
(options)h(to)g(b)s(e)e(turned)g(o\013.)40 b(The)27 b(options)h(can)630
4846 y(also)36 b(b)s(e)f(used)f(up)s(on)g(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation)j(of)e
(the)g(shell.)56 b(The)34 b(curren)m(t)h(set)h(of)f(options)h(ma)m(y)g
(b)s(e)630 4955 y(found)29 b(in)h Fs($-)p Ft(.)630 5084
y(The)43 b(remaining)h(N)f Fq(argumen)m(ts)48 b Ft(are)c(p)s(ositional)
g(parameters)g(and)f(are)h(assigned,)j(in)630 5194 y(order,)30
b(to)h Fs($1)p Ft(,)f Fs($2)p Ft(,)36 b(.)22 b(.)g(.)42
b Fs($N)p Ft(.)e(The)30 b(sp)s(ecial)h(parameter)g Fs(#)f
Ft(is)g(set)h(to)g(N.)630 5322 y(The)f(return)f(status)i(is)f(alw)m(a)m
(ys)i(zero)f(unless)f(an)g(in)m(v)-5 b(alid)31 b(option)g(is)f
(supplied.)p eop end
%%Page: 55 61
TeXDict begin 55 60 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(55)150 299 y Fj(4.3.2)63
b(The)41 b(Shopt)h(Builtin)150 446 y Ft(This)30 b(builtin)g(allo)m(ws)h
(y)m(ou)g(to)g(c)m(hange)h(additional)f(shell)f(optional)i(b)s(eha)m
(vior.)150 618 y Fs(shopt)870 756 y(shopt)46 b([-pqsu])g([-o])h([)p
Fi(optname)56 b Fs(...)o(])630 895 y Ft(T)-8 b(oggle)47
b(the)d(v)-5 b(alues)45 b(of)g(v)-5 b(ariables)45 b(con)m(trolling)i
(optional)f(shell)e(b)s(eha)m(vior.)84 b(With)45 b(no)630
1004 y(options,)32 b(or)f(with)g(the)g(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(')g(option,)h(a)g
(list)f(of)h(all)g(settable)g(options)g(is)f(displa)m(y)m(ed,)h(with)
630 1114 y(an)i(indication)i(of)f(whether)f(or)g(not)h(eac)m(h)h(is)e
(set.)54 b(The)34 b(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(')h(option)g(causes)g(output)f(to)
630 1224 y(b)s(e)i(displa)m(y)m(ed)h(in)e(a)i(form)f(that)h(ma)m(y)g(b)
s(e)e(reused)h(as)g(input.)58 b(Other)36 b(options)g(ha)m(v)m(e)i(the)
630 1333 y(follo)m(wing)32 b(meanings:)630 1501 y Fs(-s)384
b Ft(Enable)30 b(\(set\))i(eac)m(h)f Fq(optname)5 b Ft(.)630
1668 y Fs(-u)384 b Ft(Disable)31 b(\(unset\))g(eac)m(h)h
Fq(optname)5 b Ft(.)630 1836 y Fs(-q)384 b Ft(Suppresses)28
b(normal)h(output;)h(the)g(return)e(status)i(indicates)h(whether)e(the)
1110 1946 y Fq(optname)37 b Ft(is)31 b(set)h(or)f(unset.)43
b(If)31 b(m)m(ultiple)h Fq(optname)37 b Ft(argumen)m(ts)31
b(are)h(giv)m(en)1110 2055 y(with)43 b(`)p Fs(-q)p Ft(',)j(the)d
(return)f(status)h(is)g(zero)h(if)f(all)g Fq(optnames)k
Ft(are)d(enabled;)1110 2165 y(non-zero)31 b(otherwise.)630
2333 y Fs(-o)384 b Ft(Restricts)28 b(the)g(v)-5 b(alues)28
b(of)f Fq(optname)33 b Ft(to)c(b)s(e)d(those)i(de\014ned)f(for)g(the)g
(`)p Fs(-o)p Ft(')h(op-)1110 2442 y(tion)23 b(to)h(the)f
Fs(set)f Ft(builtin)h(\(see)g(Section)h(4.3.1)h([The)d(Set)i(Builtin],)
h(page)e(51\).)630 2610 y(If)29 b(either)i(`)p Fs(-s)p
Ft(')f(or)g(`)p Fs(-u)p Ft(')f(is)h(used)g(with)f(no)h
Fq(optname)35 b Ft(argumen)m(ts,)c(the)f(displa)m(y)g(is)g(limited)630
2719 y(to)h(those)g(options)g(whic)m(h)f(are)h(set)f(or)h(unset,)f
(resp)s(ectiv)m(ely)-8 b(.)630 2858 y(Unless)30 b(otherwise)h(noted,)g
(the)g Fs(shopt)d Ft(options)j(are)g(disabled)f(\(o\013)7
b(\))32 b(b)m(y)e(default.)630 2997 y(The)d(return)f(status)i(when)f
(listing)h(options)g(is)f(zero)i(if)e(all)i Fq(optnames)i
Ft(are)d(enabled,)g(non-)630 3106 y(zero)40 b(otherwise.)66
b(When)39 b(setting)h(or)f(unsetting)g(options,)i(the)e(return)f
(status)h(is)g(zero)630 3216 y(unless)30 b(an)g Fq(optname)36
b Ft(is)30 b(not)h(a)g(v)-5 b(alid)30 b(shell)h(option.)630
3354 y(The)f(list)h(of)f Fs(shopt)f Ft(options)i(is:)630
3522 y Fs(autocd)192 b Ft(If)27 b(set,)h(a)g(command)f(name)g(that)h
(is)f(the)g(name)g(of)h(a)f(directory)h(is)f(executed)1110
3632 y(as)j(if)f(it)h(w)m(ere)f(the)h(argumen)m(t)g(to)g(the)f
Fs(cd)g Ft(command.)40 b(This)29 b(option)g(is)h(only)1110
3741 y(used)g(b)m(y)g(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shells.)630
3909 y Fs(cdable_vars)1110 4018 y Ft(If)h(this)h(is)g(set,)i(an)e
(argumen)m(t)g(to)h(the)f Fs(cd)f Ft(builtin)h(command)f(that)i(is)f
(not)1110 4128 y(a)c(directory)g(is)g(assumed)f(to)h(b)s(e)f(the)h
(name)f(of)h(a)g(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(whose)g(v)-5 b(alue)31
b(is)1110 4238 y(the)g(directory)f(to)i(c)m(hange)f(to.)630
4405 y Fs(cdspell)144 b Ft(If)27 b(set,)h(minor)f(errors)f(in)h(the)g
(sp)s(elling)h(of)f(a)g(directory)h(comp)s(onen)m(t)f(in)g(a)h
Fs(cd)1110 4515 y Ft(command)i(will)h(b)s(e)f(corrected.)43
b(The)30 b(errors)g(c)m(hec)m(k)m(ed)j(for)d(are)h(transp)s(osed)1110
4624 y(c)m(haracters,)46 b(a)c(missing)f(c)m(haracter,)47
b(and)40 b(a)i(c)m(haracter)h(to)s(o)g(man)m(y)-8 b(.)74
b(If)42 b(a)1110 4734 y(correction)25 b(is)e(found,)g(the)h(corrected)g
(path)f(is)g(prin)m(ted,)h(and)f(the)g(command)1110 4844
y(pro)s(ceeds.)40 b(This)30 b(option)h(is)f(only)h(used)e(b)m(y)h(in)m
(teractiv)m(e)k(shells.)630 5011 y Fs(checkhash)1110
5121 y Ft(If)29 b(this)h(is)g(set,)g(Bash)g(c)m(hec)m(ks)h(that)g(a)f
(command)f(found)g(in)g(the)h(hash)f(table)1110 5230
y(exists)k(b)s(efore)f(trying)h(to)h(execute)g(it.)48
b(If)32 b(a)h(hashed)e(command)i(no)f(longer)1110 5340
y(exists,)f(a)g(normal)f(path)g(searc)m(h)h(is)g(p)s(erformed.)p
eop end
%%Page: 56 62
TeXDict begin 56 61 bop 150 -116 a Ft(56)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)630 299 y Fs(checkjobs)1110 408
y Ft(If)d(set,)i(Bash)e(lists)h(the)g(status)g(of)f(an)m(y)h(stopp)s
(ed)f(and)g(running)e(jobs)i(b)s(efore)1110 518 y(exiting)42
b(an)f(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell.)72 b(If)41 b(an)m(y)g(jobs)f(are)i
(running,)g(this)f(causes)1110 628 y(the)30 b(exit)g(to)g(b)s(e)f
(deferred)g(un)m(til)h(a)f(second)h(exit)g(is)g(attempted)h(without)e
(an)1110 737 y(in)m(terv)m(ening)j(command)e(\(see)h(Chapter)f(7)h
([Job)f(Con)m(trol],)i(page)f(89\).)42 b(The)1110 847
y(shell)31 b(alw)m(a)m(ys)g(p)s(ostp)s(ones)f(exiting)h(if)g(an)m(y)f
(jobs)g(are)h(stopp)s(ed.)630 1009 y Fs(checkwinsize)1110
1118 y Ft(If)41 b(set,)k(Bash)c(c)m(hec)m(ks)i(the)f(windo)m(w)e(size)j
(after)f(eac)m(h)g(command)f(and,)j(if)1110 1228 y(necessary)-8
b(,)31 b(up)s(dates)f(the)g(v)-5 b(alues)31 b(of)g Fs(LINES)e
Ft(and)g Fs(COLUMNS)p Ft(.)630 1390 y Fs(cmdhist)144
b Ft(If)33 b(set,)j(Bash)e(attempts)h(to)g(sa)m(v)m(e)g(all)g(lines)f
(of)g(a)h(m)m(ultiple-line)g(command)1110 1499 y(in)c(the)g(same)g
(history)g(en)m(try)-8 b(.)42 b(This)30 b(allo)m(ws)i(easy)g
(re-editing)g(of)f(m)m(ulti-line)1110 1609 y(commands.)630
1771 y Fs(compat31)96 b Ft(If)27 b(set,)i(Bash)e(c)m(hanges)i(its)f(b)s
(eha)m(vior)f(to)i(that)f(of)f(v)m(ersion)h(3.1)h(with)e(resp)s(ect)
1110 1880 y(to)k(quoted)g(argumen)m(ts)f(to)h(the)g(conditional)h
(command's)e(=)p Fs(~)g Ft(op)s(erator.)630 2042 y Fs(dirspell)96
b Ft(If)26 b(set,)i(Bash)f(attempts)g(sp)s(elling)g(correction)g(on)g
(directory)g(names)f(during)1110 2151 y(w)m(ord)36 b(completion)h(if)f
(the)g(directory)g(name)g(initially)h(supplied)e(do)s(es)h(not)1110
2261 y(exist.)630 2423 y Fs(dotglob)144 b Ft(If)27 b(set,)i(Bash)f
(includes)g(\014lenames)g(b)s(eginning)f(with)g(a)h(`.')41
b(in)27 b(the)h(results)g(of)1110 2532 y(\014lename)j(expansion.)630
2694 y Fs(execfail)96 b Ft(If)24 b(this)h(is)f(set,)j(a)e(non-in)m
(teractiv)m(e)i(shell)e(will)f(not)h(exit)h(if)e(it)h(cannot)h(execute)
1110 2804 y(the)i(\014le)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(as)g(an)g(argumen)m(t)g(to)
h(the)f Fs(exec)f Ft(builtin)h(command.)39 b(An)1110
2913 y(in)m(teractiv)m(e)33 b(shell)e(do)s(es)f(not)g(exit)i(if)e
Fs(exec)f Ft(fails.)630 3075 y Fs(expand_aliases)1110
3185 y Ft(If)j(set,)h(aliases)g(are)g(expanded)e(as)h(describ)s(ed)f(b)
s(elo)m(w)h(under)f(Aliases,)i(Sec-)1110 3294 y(tion)38
b(6.6)h([Aliases],)j(page)d(79.)64 b(This)37 b(option)h(is)g(enabled)g
(b)m(y)g(default)g(for)1110 3404 y(in)m(teractiv)m(e)33
b(shells.)630 3566 y Fs(extdebug)96 b Ft(If)30 b(set,)h(b)s(eha)m(vior)
g(in)m(tended)f(for)g(use)g(b)m(y)g(debuggers)g(is)h(enabled:)1159
3701 y(1.)61 b(The)32 b(`)p Fs(-F)p Ft(')g(option)h(to)g(the)g
Fs(declare)d Ft(builtin)i(\(see)i(Section)f(4.2)h([Bash)1290
3811 y(Builtins],)29 b(page)g(41\))g(displa)m(ys)f(the)g(source)h
(\014le)f(name)g(and)f(line)h(n)m(um-)1290 3921 y(b)s(er)h(corresp)s
(onding)g(to)i(eac)m(h)g(function)f(name)g(supplied)f(as)i(an)f(argu-)
1290 4030 y(men)m(t.)1159 4166 y(2.)61 b(If)20 b(the)h(command)g(run)e
(b)m(y)i(the)f Fs(DEBUG)g Ft(trap)g(returns)g(a)h(non-zero)g(v)-5
b(alue,)1290 4275 y(the)31 b(next)f(command)g(is)h(skipp)s(ed)e(and)g
(not)i(executed.)1159 4411 y(3.)61 b(If)37 b(the)g(command)g(run)f(b)m
(y)i(the)f Fs(DEBUG)f Ft(trap)h(returns)f(a)i(v)-5 b(alue)38
b(of)f(2,)1290 4521 y(and)c(the)g(shell)h(is)f(executing)i(in)e(a)h
(subroutine)e(\(a)i(shell)g(function)f(or)1290 4630 y(a)h(shell)h
(script)f(executed)h(b)m(y)f(the)g Fs(.)g Ft(or)g Fs(source)e
Ft(builtins\),)j(a)g(call)g(to)1290 4740 y Fs(return)29
b Ft(is)h(sim)m(ulated.)1159 4876 y(4.)61 b Fs(BASH_ARGC)34
b Ft(and)i Fs(BASH_ARGV)e Ft(are)j(up)s(dated)e(as)h(describ)s(ed)g(in)
g(their)1290 4985 y(descriptions)30 b(\(see)i(Section)f(5.2)g([Bash)g
(V)-8 b(ariables],)32 b(page)f(61\).)1159 5121 y(5.)61
b(F)-8 b(unction)57 b(tracing)g(is)g(enabled:)93 b(command)56
b(substitution,)63 b(shell)1290 5230 y(functions,)30
b(and)f(subshells)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)j(with)d Fs(\()h
Fi(command)39 b Fs(\))30 b Ft(inherit)g(the)1290 5340
y Fs(DEBUG)f Ft(and)h Fs(RETURN)e Ft(traps.)p eop end
%%Page: 57 63
TeXDict begin 57 62 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(57)1159 299 y(6.)61
b(Error)74 b(tracing)i(is)f(enabled:)131 b(command)74
b(substitution,)87 b(shell)1290 408 y(functions,)30 b(and)f(subshells)g
(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)j(with)d Fs(\()h Fi(command)39 b Fs(\))30
b Ft(inherit)g(the)1290 518 y Fs(ERROR)f Ft(trap.)630
667 y Fs(extglob)144 b Ft(If)26 b(set,)i(the)f(extended)f(pattern)h
(matc)m(hing)g(features)g(describ)s(ed)e(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)j(\(see)1110
777 y(Section)j(3.5.8.1)i([P)m(attern)f(Matc)m(hing],)g(page)f(24\))h
(are)f(enabled.)630 927 y Fs(extquote)96 b Ft(If)49 b(set,)54
b Fs($')p Fi(string)11 b Fs(')46 b Ft(and)j Fs($")p Fi(string)11
b Fs(")46 b Ft(quoting)k(is)f(p)s(erformed)e(within)1110
1036 y Fs(${)p Fi(parameter)11 b Fs(})30 b Ft(expansions)j(enclosed)h
(in)g(double)f(quotes.)51 b(This)32 b(option)1110 1146
y(is)e(enabled)h(b)m(y)f(default.)630 1295 y Fs(failglob)96
b Ft(If)36 b(set,)j(patterns)d(whic)m(h)g(fail)h(to)h(matc)m(h)f
(\014lenames)f(during)g(\014lename)g(ex-)1110 1405 y(pansion)30
b(result)g(in)g(an)g(expansion)h(error.)630 1554 y Fs(force_fignore)
1110 1664 y Ft(If)43 b(set,)k(the)d(su\016xes)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(b)m(y)
i(the)f Fs(FIGNORE)f Ft(shell)h(v)-5 b(ariable)44 b(cause)1110
1773 y(w)m(ords)31 b(to)h(b)s(e)f(ignored)h(when)f(p)s(erforming)f(w)m
(ord)h(completion)i(ev)m(en)f(if)g(the)1110 1883 y(ignored)37
b(w)m(ords)g(are)g(the)h(only)f(p)s(ossible)g(completions.)62
b(See)37 b(Section)h(5.2)1110 1993 y([Bash)24 b(V)-8
b(ariables],)27 b(page)e(61,)h(for)d(a)h(description)g(of)g
Fs(FIGNORE)p Ft(.)37 b(This)22 b(option)1110 2102 y(is)30
b(enabled)h(b)m(y)f(default.)630 2252 y Fs(globstar)96
b Ft(If)38 b(set,)j(the)e(pattern)f(`)p Fs(**)p Ft(')h(used)e(in)i(a)f
(\014lename)h(expansion)f(con)m(text)j(will)1110 2361
y(matc)m(h)f(a)g(\014les)f(and)f(zero)i(or)g(more)f(directories)h(and)f
(sub)s(directories.)66 b(If)1110 2471 y(the)30 b(pattern)g(is)g(follo)m
(w)m(ed)i(b)m(y)d(a)i(`)p Fs(/)p Ft(',)f(only)g(directories)h(and)f
(sub)s(directories)1110 2580 y(matc)m(h.)630 2730 y Fs(gnu_errfmt)1110
2839 y Ft(If)35 b(set,)j(shell)e(error)g(messages)g(are)h(written)e(in)
h(the)g(standard)f Fl(gnu)g Ft(error)1110 2949 y(message)c(format.)630
3098 y Fs(histappend)1110 3208 y Ft(If)c(set,)j(the)e(history)g(list)g
(is)g(app)s(ended)e(to)j(the)f(\014le)g(named)f(b)m(y)h(the)g(v)-5
b(alue)29 b(of)1110 3318 y(the)d Fs(HISTFILE)d Ft(v)-5
b(ariable)26 b(when)e(the)h(shell)h(exits,)h(rather)e(than)h(o)m(v)m
(erwriting)1110 3427 y(the)31 b(\014le.)630 3577 y Fs(histreedit)1110
3686 y Ft(If)i(set,)h(and)f(Readline)h(is)f(b)s(eing)g(used,)g(a)g
(user)g(is)g(giv)m(en)h(the)g(opp)s(ortunit)m(y)1110
3796 y(to)d(re-edit)g(a)g(failed)g(history)f(substitution.)630
3945 y Fs(histverify)1110 4055 y Ft(If)35 b(set,)i(and)e(Readline)h(is)
f(b)s(eing)g(used,)h(the)f(results)g(of)g(history)h(substitu-)1110
4164 y(tion)h(are)g(not)g(immediately)h(passed)e(to)h(the)g(shell)g
(parser.)59 b(Instead,)38 b(the)1110 4274 y(resulting)i(line)f(is)h
(loaded)g(in)m(to)g(the)g(Readline)g(editing)g(bu\013er,)h(allo)m(wing)
1110 4384 y(further)29 b(mo)s(di\014cation.)630 4533
y Fs(hostcomplete)1110 4643 y Ft(If)38 b(set,)j(and)c(Readline)i(is)f
(b)s(eing)g(used,)h(Bash)g(will)f(attempt)h(to)g(p)s(erform)1110
4752 y(hostname)d(completion)h(when)e(a)h(w)m(ord)f(con)m(taining)i(a)f
(`)p Fs(@)p Ft(')g(is)g(b)s(eing)f(com-)1110 4862 y(pleted)g(\(see)h
(Section)f(8.4.6)i([Commands)d(F)-8 b(or)36 b(Completion],)g(page)g
(110\).)1110 4971 y(This)30 b(option)g(is)h(enabled)f(b)m(y)g(default.)
630 5121 y Fs(huponexit)1110 5230 y Ft(If)i(set,)i(Bash)f(will)h(send)d
Fs(SIGHUP)h Ft(to)h(all)h(jobs)e(when)g(an)g(in)m(teractiv)m(e)k(login)
1110 5340 y(shell)31 b(exits)g(\(see)g(Section)g(3.7.6)h([Signals],)g
(page)f(32\).)p eop end
%%Page: 58 64
TeXDict begin 58 63 bop 150 -116 a Ft(58)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)630 299 y Fs(interactive_comments)1110
408 y Ft(Allo)m(w)c(a)g(w)m(ord)e(b)s(eginning)g(with)h(`)p
Fs(#)p Ft(')g(to)h(cause)f(that)h(w)m(ord)f(and)f(all)i(remain-)1110
518 y(ing)41 b(c)m(haracters)i(on)e(that)h(line)g(to)g(b)s(e)f(ignored)
g(in)g(an)g(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell.)1110 628 y(This)30
b(option)g(is)h(enabled)f(b)m(y)g(default.)630 777 y
Fs(lithist)144 b Ft(If)22 b(enabled,)i(and)d(the)h Fs(cmdhist)e
Ft(option)j(is)f(enabled,)i(m)m(ulti-line)f(commands)1110
887 y(are)28 b(sa)m(v)m(ed)h(to)g(the)f(history)g(with)f(em)m(b)s
(edded)g(newlines)h(rather)g(than)f(using)1110 996 y(semicolon)32
b(separators)f(where)e(p)s(ossible.)630 1146 y Fs(login_shell)1110
1255 y Ft(The)35 b(shell)h(sets)g(this)f(option)h(if)g(it)g(is)f
(started)h(as)g(a)g(login)g(shell)g(\(see)g(Sec-)1110
1365 y(tion)29 b(6.1)g([In)m(v)m(oking)h(Bash],)f(page)g(71\).)41
b(The)28 b(v)-5 b(alue)29 b(ma)m(y)g(not)f(b)s(e)g(c)m(hanged.)630
1514 y Fs(mailwarn)96 b Ft(If)34 b(set,)i(and)e(a)h(\014le)g(that)g
(Bash)f(is)h(c)m(hec)m(king)h(for)f(mail)g(has)f(b)s(een)g(accessed)
1110 1624 y(since)24 b(the)h(last)g(time)f(it)h(w)m(as)f(c)m(hec)m(k)m
(ed,)k(the)c(message)h Fs("The)k(mail)h(in)f Fi(mail-)1110
1733 y(file)40 b Fs(has)29 b(been)g(read")g Ft(is)i(displa)m(y)m(ed.)
630 1883 y Fs(no_empty_cmd_completion)1110 1993 y Ft(If)f(set,)g(and)g
(Readline)g(is)h(b)s(eing)e(used,)h(Bash)g(will)g(not)g(attempt)i(to)e
(searc)m(h)1110 2102 y(the)25 b Fs(PATH)f Ft(for)h(p)s(ossible)f
(completions)j(when)d(completion)i(is)f(attempted)h(on)1110
2212 y(an)k(empt)m(y)h(line.)630 2361 y Fs(nocaseglob)1110
2471 y Ft(If)38 b(set,)k(Bash)d(matc)m(hes)g(\014lenames)g(in)f(a)h
(case-insensitiv)m(e)j(fashion)c(when)1110 2580 y(p)s(erforming)29
b(\014lename)i(expansion.)630 2730 y Fs(nocasematch)1110
2839 y Ft(If)42 b(set,)k(Bash)d(matc)m(hes)g(patterns)g(in)f(a)h
(case-insensitiv)m(e)i(fashion)d(when)1110 2949 y(p)s(erforming)31
b(matc)m(hing)i(while)f(executing)i Fs(case)d Ft(or)h
Fs([[)g Ft(conditional)h(com-)1110 3059 y(mands.)630
3208 y Fs(nullglob)96 b Ft(If)23 b(set,)j(Bash)e(allo)m(ws)g
(\014lename)g(patterns)g(whic)m(h)f(matc)m(h)h(no)g(\014les)f(to)i
(expand)1110 3318 y(to)31 b(a)g(n)m(ull)f(string,)h(rather)f(than)g
(themselv)m(es.)630 3467 y Fs(progcomp)96 b Ft(If)25
b(set,)i(the)f(programmable)g(completion)g(facilities)i(\(see)f
(Section)f(8.6)h([Pro-)1110 3577 y(grammable)45 b(Completion],)k(page)c
(115\))h(are)f(enabled.)82 b(This)44 b(option)h(is)1110
3686 y(enabled)30 b(b)m(y)h(default.)630 3836 y Fs(promptvars)1110
3945 y Ft(If)24 b(set,)i(prompt)d(strings)h(undergo)f(parameter)i
(expansion,)g(command)f(sub-)1110 4055 y(stitution,)34
b(arithmetic)f(expansion,)g(and)e(quote)i(remo)m(v)-5
b(al)33 b(after)g(b)s(eing)e(ex-)1110 4164 y(panded)39
b(as)i(describ)s(ed)e(b)s(elo)m(w)i(\(see)g(Section)g(6.9)g([Prin)m
(ting)g(a)g(Prompt],)1110 4274 y(page)31 b(82\).)42 b(This)30
b(option)g(is)h(enabled)f(b)m(y)g(default.)630 4423 y
Fs(restricted_shell)1110 4533 y Ft(The)40 b(shell)h(sets)g(this)g
(option)g(if)g(it)h(is)e(started)i(in)e(restricted)i(mo)s(de)e(\(see)
1110 4643 y(Section)c(6.10)g([The)f(Restricted)g(Shell],)i(page)e
(84\).)56 b(The)34 b(v)-5 b(alue)35 b(ma)m(y)h(not)1110
4752 y(b)s(e)c(c)m(hanged.)49 b(This)32 b(is)h(not)h(reset)f(when)f
(the)h(startup)g(\014les)f(are)i(executed,)1110 4862
y(allo)m(wing)k(the)e(startup)f(\014les)h(to)g(disco)m(v)m(er)h
(whether)f(or)f(not)i(a)f(shell)g(is)g(re-)1110 4971
y(stricted.)630 5121 y Fs(shift_verbose)1110 5230 y Ft(If)g(this)g(is)g
(set,)j(the)d Fs(shift)f Ft(builtin)h(prin)m(ts)f(an)h(error)g(message)
i(when)d(the)1110 5340 y(shift)30 b(coun)m(t)h(exceeds)g(the)g(n)m(um)m
(b)s(er)e(of)h(p)s(ositional)i(parameters.)p eop end
%%Page: 59 65
TeXDict begin 59 64 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(59)630 299 y Fs(sourcepath)1110
408 y Ft(If)22 b(set,)j(the)e Fs(source)e Ft(builtin)h(uses)g(the)h(v)
-5 b(alue)23 b(of)g Fs(PATH)e Ft(to)j(\014nd)d(the)h(directory)1110
518 y(con)m(taining)29 b(the)e(\014le)h(supplied)e(as)h(an)g(argumen)m
(t.)40 b(This)27 b(option)h(is)f(enabled)1110 628 y(b)m(y)j(default.)
630 787 y Fs(xpg_echo)96 b Ft(If)31 b(set,)h(the)g Fs(echo)e
Ft(builtin)h(expands)f(bac)m(kslash-escap)s(e)j(sequences)f(b)m(y)f
(de-)1110 897 y(fault.)630 1056 y(The)c(return)f(status)i(when)f
(listing)h(options)g(is)f(zero)i(if)e(all)i Fq(optnames)i
Ft(are)d(enabled,)g(non-)630 1166 y(zero)40 b(otherwise.)66
b(When)39 b(setting)h(or)f(unsetting)g(options,)i(the)e(return)f
(status)h(is)g(zero)630 1275 y(unless)30 b(an)g Fq(optname)36
b Ft(is)30 b(not)h(a)g(v)-5 b(alid)30 b(shell)h(option.)150
1508 y Fr(4.4)68 b(Sp)t(ecial)45 b(Builtins)150 1667
y Ft(F)-8 b(or)35 b(historical)h(reasons,)g(the)e Fl(posix)g
Ft(standard)f(has)i(classi\014ed)f(sev)m(eral)i(builtin)e(commands)g
(as)h Fk(sp)-5 b(e-)150 1777 y(cial)p Ft(.)47 b(When)33
b(Bash)f(is)h(executing)g(in)f Fl(posix)g Ft(mo)s(de,)h(the)g(sp)s
(ecial)g(builtins)e(di\013er)i(from)f(other)g(builtin)150
1886 y(commands)e(in)g(three)h(resp)s(ects:)199 2021
y(1.)61 b(Sp)s(ecial)31 b(builtins)e(are)i(found)e(b)s(efore)h(shell)h
(functions)f(during)f(command)h(lo)s(okup.)199 2155 y(2.)61
b(If)30 b(a)h(sp)s(ecial)g(builtin)f(returns)f(an)h(error)g(status,)h
(a)g(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)i(shell)d(exits.)199 2290
y(3.)61 b(Assignmen)m(t)30 b(statemen)m(ts)h(preceding)f(the)f(command)
g(sta)m(y)i(in)e(e\013ect)i(in)e(the)h(shell)f(en)m(vironmen)m(t)330
2399 y(after)i(the)f(command)h(completes.)275 2559 y(When)36
b(Bash)g(is)h(not)f(executing)i(in)e Fl(posix)f Ft(mo)s(de,)j(these)f
(builtins)f(b)s(eha)m(v)m(e)h(no)f(di\013eren)m(tly)h(than)150
2668 y(the)31 b(rest)f(of)h(the)f(Bash)h(builtin)e(commands.)41
b(The)30 b(Bash)g Fl(posix)g Ft(mo)s(de)g(is)g(describ)s(ed)f(in)h
(Section)h(6.11)150 2778 y([Bash)g(POSIX)e(Mo)s(de],)i(page)g(84.)275
2912 y(These)f(are)g(the)h Fl(posix)f Ft(sp)s(ecial)h(builtins:)390
3047 y Fs(break)46 b(:)i(.)f(continue)f(eval)g(exec)h(exit)g(export)f
(readonly)f(return)h(set)390 3156 y(shift)g(trap)h(unset)p
eop end
%%Page: 60 66
TeXDict begin 60 65 bop eop end
%%Page: 61 67
TeXDict begin 61 66 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(5:)41
b(Shell)30 b(V)-8 b(ariables)2459 b(61)150 299 y Fo(5)80
b(Shell)53 b(V)-13 b(ariables)150 559 y Ft(This)21 b(c)m(hapter)i
(describ)s(es)e(the)i(shell)f(v)-5 b(ariables)23 b(that)f(Bash)h(uses.)
37 b(Bash)23 b(automatically)h(assigns)f(default)150
668 y(v)-5 b(alues)31 b(to)g(a)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)h(v)-5
b(ariables.)150 914 y Fr(5.1)68 b(Bourne)45 b(Shell)g(V)-11
b(ariables)150 1073 y Ft(Bash)30 b(uses)g(certain)h(shell)g(v)-5
b(ariables)31 b(in)f(the)g(same)h(w)m(a)m(y)g(as)g(the)f(Bourne)g
(shell.)41 b(In)30 b(some)g(cases,)i(Bash)150 1183 y(assigns)f(a)f
(default)h(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(to)g(the)f(v)-5 b(ariable.)150
1355 y Fs(CDPATH)192 b Ft(A)39 b(colon-separated)i(list)e(of)g
(directories)h(used)f(as)g(a)g(searc)m(h)h(path)e(for)h(the)g
Fs(cd)f Ft(builtin)630 1464 y(command.)150 1632 y Fs(HOME)288
b Ft(The)23 b(curren)m(t)h(user's)f(home)g(directory;)k(the)d(default)g
(for)f(the)h Fs(cd)f Ft(builtin)g(command.)38 b(The)630
1742 y(v)-5 b(alue)37 b(of)f(this)g(v)-5 b(ariable)37
b(is)g(also)g(used)e(b)m(y)h(tilde)h(expansion)f(\(see)i(Section)f
(3.5.2)h([Tilde)630 1852 y(Expansion],)30 b(page)h(19\).)150
2020 y Fs(IFS)336 b Ft(A)25 b(list)i(of)e(c)m(haracters)i(that)f
(separate)g(\014elds;)h(used)e(when)f(the)i(shell)f(splits)h(w)m(ords)e
(as)i(part)630 2129 y(of)31 b(expansion.)150 2297 y Fs(MAIL)288
b Ft(If)26 b(this)f(parameter)i(is)f(set)g(to)h(a)g(\014lename)f(and)f
(the)h Fs(MAILPATH)e Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)27 b(is)f(not)g(set,)i(Bash)630
2407 y(informs)i(the)g(user)g(of)g(the)h(arriv)-5 b(al)31
b(of)f(mail)h(in)f(the)h(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(\014le.)150
2575 y Fs(MAILPATH)96 b Ft(A)33 b(colon-separated)i(list)f(of)f
(\014lenames)h(whic)m(h)f(the)g(shell)g(p)s(erio)s(dically)h(c)m(hec)m
(ks)g(for)f(new)630 2684 y(mail.)60 b(Eac)m(h)37 b(list)g(en)m(try)g
(can)g(sp)s(ecify)f(the)h(message)h(that)f(is)g(prin)m(ted)f(when)f
(new)h(mail)630 2794 y(arriv)m(es)29 b(in)g(the)g(mail)g(\014le)g(b)m
(y)g(separating)g(the)g(\014le)g(name)g(from)f(the)h(message)h(with)e
(a)i(`)p Fs(?)p Ft('.)630 2903 y(When)i(used)f(in)h(the)g(text)i(of)e
(the)g(message,)i Fs($_)e Ft(expands)f(to)i(the)f(name)g(of)h(the)f
(curren)m(t)630 3013 y(mail)f(\014le.)150 3181 y Fs(OPTARG)192
b Ft(The)30 b(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(of)f(the)h(last)g(option)g(argumen)m(t)g
(pro)s(cessed)f(b)m(y)g(the)g Fs(getopts)f Ft(builtin.)150
3349 y Fs(OPTIND)192 b Ft(The)30 b(index)g(of)g(the)h(last)g(option)g
(argumen)m(t)g(pro)s(cessed)f(b)m(y)g(the)g Fs(getopts)f
Ft(builtin.)150 3517 y Fs(PATH)288 b Ft(A)32 b(colon-separated)i(list)f
(of)f(directories)h(in)e(whic)m(h)h(the)g(shell)g(lo)s(oks)h(for)f
(commands.)45 b(A)630 3626 y(zero-length)e(\(n)m(ull\))g(directory)f
(name)g(in)g(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)42 b(of)g Fs(PATH)f Ft(indicates)i(the)f
(curren)m(t)630 3736 y(directory)-8 b(.)49 b(A)33 b(n)m(ull)f
(directory)i(name)e(ma)m(y)i(app)s(ear)e(as)h(t)m(w)m(o)h(adjacen)m(t)g
(colons,)g(or)f(as)g(an)630 3846 y(initial)f(or)e(trailing)h(colon.)150
4014 y Fs(PS1)336 b Ft(The)35 b(primary)f(prompt)h(string.)55
b(The)35 b(default)h(v)-5 b(alue)35 b(is)h(`)p Fs(\\s-\\v\\$)28
b Ft('.)56 b(See)36 b(Section)g(6.9)630 4123 y([Prin)m(ting)28
b(a)g(Prompt],)g(page)h(82,)g(for)e(the)h(complete)h(list)g(of)e(escap)
s(e)h(sequences)g(that)h(are)630 4233 y(expanded)h(b)s(efore)g
Fs(PS1)f Ft(is)h(displa)m(y)m(ed.)150 4401 y Fs(PS2)336
b Ft(The)30 b(secondary)g(prompt)g(string.)41 b(The)29
b(default)i(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(is)f(`)p Fs(>)g Ft('.)150
4646 y Fr(5.2)68 b(Bash)45 b(V)-11 b(ariables)150 4805
y Ft(These)45 b(v)-5 b(ariables)46 b(are)g(set)g(or)f(used)f(b)m(y)h
(Bash,)50 b(but)44 b(other)i(shells)f(do)h(not)f(normally)h(treat)g
(them)150 4915 y(sp)s(ecially)-8 b(.)275 5058 y(A)24
b(few)g(v)-5 b(ariables)24 b(used)g(b)m(y)f(Bash)i(are)f(describ)s(ed)f
(in)h(di\013eren)m(t)g(c)m(hapters:)38 b(v)-5 b(ariables)25
b(for)f(con)m(trolling)150 5168 y(the)31 b(job)f(con)m(trol)h
(facilities)i(\(see)e(Section)g(7.3)h([Job)e(Con)m(trol)h(V)-8
b(ariables],)32 b(page)g(92\).)150 5340 y Fs(BASH)288
b Ft(The)30 b(full)g(pathname)g(used)g(to)h(execute)h(the)e(curren)m(t)
g(instance)h(of)g(Bash.)p eop end
%%Page: 62 68
TeXDict begin 62 67 bop 150 -116 a Ft(62)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fs(BASHOPTS)96 b Ft(A)31
b(colon-separated)h(list)f(of)g(enabled)f(shell)h(options.)41
b(Eac)m(h)31 b(w)m(ord)f(in)g(the)h(list)g(is)g(a)g(v)-5
b(alid)630 408 y(argumen)m(t)33 b(for)g(the)f(`)p Fs(-s)p
Ft(')h(option)g(to)g(the)g Fs(shopt)e Ft(builtin)i(command)f(\(see)i
(Section)f(4.3.2)630 518 y([The)j(Shopt)g(Builtin],)i(page)f(55\).)60
b(The)36 b(options)h(app)s(earing)f(in)g Fs(BASHOPTS)e
Ft(are)i(those)630 628 y(rep)s(orted)e(as)h(`)p Fs(on)p
Ft(')f(b)m(y)h(`)p Fs(shopt)p Ft('.)53 b(If)34 b(this)g(v)-5
b(ariable)36 b(is)f(in)f(the)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g(when)f(Bash)630
737 y(starts)25 b(up,)f(eac)m(h)i(shell)e(option)h(in)e(the)i(list)g
(will)f(b)s(e)g(enabled)g(b)s(efore)g(reading)g(an)m(y)g(startup)630
847 y(\014les.)41 b(This)29 b(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(is)g(readonly)-8
b(.)150 998 y Fs(BASHPID)144 b Ft(Expands)36 b(to)j(the)f(pro)s(cess)g
(id)f(of)h(the)g(curren)m(t)g(Bash)g(pro)s(cess.)63 b(This)37
b(di\013ers)g(from)h Fs($$)630 1107 y Ft(under)31 b(certain)j
(circumstances,)h(suc)m(h)e(as)g(subshells)f(that)i(do)f(not)g(require)
g(Bash)g(to)h(b)s(e)630 1217 y(re-initialized.)150 1367
y Fs(BASH_ALIASES)630 1477 y Ft(An)40 b(asso)s(ciativ)m(e)j(arra)m(y)d
(v)-5 b(ariable)41 b(whose)f(mem)m(b)s(ers)f(corresp)s(ond)g(to)i(the)f
(in)m(ternal)h(list)630 1587 y(of)g(aliases)h(as)f(main)m(tained)g(b)m
(y)g(the)f Fs(alias)g Ft(builtin)g(\(see)h(Section)h(4.1)f([Bourne)g
(Shell)630 1696 y(Builtins],)36 b(page)e(35\).)53 b(Elemen)m(ts)35
b(added)e(to)i(this)e(arra)m(y)i(app)s(ear)e(in)h(the)g(alias)h(list;)i
(un-)630 1806 y(setting)31 b(arra)m(y)g(elemen)m(ts)h(cause)f(aliases)h
(to)f(b)s(e)f(remo)m(v)m(ed)h(from)f(the)h(alias)g(list.)150
1956 y Fs(BASH_ARGC)630 2066 y Ft(An)f(arra)m(y)h(v)-5
b(ariable)31 b(whose)f(v)-5 b(alues)31 b(are)g(the)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)g
(of)g(parameters)h(in)f(eac)m(h)h(frame)g(of)630 2176
y(the)26 b(curren)m(t)f(bash)g(execution)i(call)g(stac)m(k.)41
b(The)25 b(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)g(of)h(parameters)g(to)g(the)g(curren)m(t)
630 2285 y(subroutine)i(\(shell)i(function)g(or)f(script)g(executed)i
(with)e Fs(.)g Ft(or)h Fs(source)p Ft(\))e(is)h(at)h(the)g(top)g(of)630
2395 y(the)37 b(stac)m(k.)63 b(When)37 b(a)h(subroutine)e(is)h
(executed,)j(the)e(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)d(of)j(parameters)f(passed)630
2504 y(is)g(pushed)f(on)m(to)i Fs(BASH_ARGC)p Ft(.)59
b(The)37 b(shell)g(sets)h Fs(BASH_ARGC)c Ft(only)k(when)e(in)h
(extended)630 2614 y(debugging)23 b(mo)s(de)f(\(see)h(Section)g(4.3.2)i
([The)d(Shopt)g(Builtin],)j(page)e(55)h(for)e(a)h(description)630
2724 y(of)31 b(the)f Fs(extdebug)e Ft(option)j(to)g(the)g
Fs(shopt)e Ft(builtin\).)150 2874 y Fs(BASH_ARGV)630
2984 y Ft(An)24 b(arra)m(y)g(v)-5 b(ariable)25 b(con)m(taining)h(all)f
(of)f(the)h(parameters)f(in)g(the)g(curren)m(t)g(bash)g(execution)630
3093 y(call)35 b(stac)m(k.)53 b(The)34 b(\014nal)g(parameter)g(of)g
(the)g(last)h(subroutine)e(call)i(is)f(at)h(the)f(top)h(of)f(the)630
3203 y(stac)m(k;)28 b(the)c(\014rst)f(parameter)i(of)f(the)g(initial)i
(call)f(is)f(at)h(the)f(b)s(ottom.)39 b(When)24 b(a)g(subroutine)630
3313 y(is)40 b(executed,)j(the)d(parameters)h(supplied)d(are)i(pushed)f
(on)m(to)i Fs(BASH_ARGV)p Ft(.)66 b(The)40 b(shell)630
3422 y(sets)28 b Fs(BASH_ARGV)e Ft(only)i(when)f(in)h(extended)g
(debugging)g(mo)s(de)g(\(see)h(Section)f(4.3.2)i([The)630
3532 y(Shopt)i(Builtin],)h(page)g(55)g(for)f(a)h(description)f(of)h
(the)f Fs(extdebug)e Ft(option)j(to)g(the)f Fs(shopt)630
3641 y Ft(builtin\).)150 3792 y Fs(BASH_CMDS)630 3902
y Ft(An)i(asso)s(ciativ)m(e)i(arra)m(y)f(v)-5 b(ariable)35
b(whose)f(mem)m(b)s(ers)f(corresp)s(ond)g(to)i(the)f(in)m(ternal)h
(hash)630 4011 y(table)c(of)g(commands)f(as)g(main)m(tained)h(b)m(y)g
(the)f Fs(hash)f Ft(builtin)h(\(see)h(Section)g(4.1)h([Bourne)630
4121 y(Shell)23 b(Builtins],)j(page)e(35\).)40 b(Elemen)m(ts)24
b(added)e(to)j(this)e(arra)m(y)h(app)s(ear)e(in)i(the)f(hash)g(table;)
630 4230 y(unsetting)30 b(arra)m(y)h(elemen)m(ts)h(cause)f(commands)f
(to)h(b)s(e)f(remo)m(v)m(ed)h(from)f(the)h(hash)e(table.)150
4381 y Fs(BASH_COMMAND)630 4491 y Ft(The)39 b(command)h(curren)m(tly)g
(b)s(eing)f(executed)i(or)e(ab)s(out)h(to)g(b)s(e)f(executed,)44
b(unless)39 b(the)630 4600 y(shell)g(is)g(executing)g(a)g(command)g(as)
g(the)f(result)h(of)g(a)g(trap,)i(in)d(whic)m(h)g(case)i(it)f(is)g(the)
630 4710 y(command)30 b(executing)i(at)f(the)f(time)h(of)g(the)g(trap.)
150 4861 y Fs(BASH_ENV)96 b Ft(If)28 b(this)g(v)-5 b(ariable)30
b(is)e(set)h(when)f(Bash)g(is)h(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(to)f(execute)h(a)e
(shell)h(script,)g(its)g(v)-5 b(alue)29 b(is)630 4970
y(expanded)k(and)h(used)g(as)g(the)h(name)f(of)g(a)h(startup)f(\014le)g
(to)h(read)f(b)s(efore)g(executing)i(the)630 5080 y(script.)41
b(See)30 b(Section)h(6.2)h([Bash)f(Startup)e(Files],)j(page)f(73.)150
5230 y Fs(BASH_EXECUTION_STRING)630 5340 y Ft(The)f(command)g(argumen)m
(t)h(to)g(the)g(`)p Fs(-c)p Ft(')f(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation)i(option.)p
eop end
%%Page: 63 69
TeXDict begin 63 68 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(5:)41
b(Shell)30 b(V)-8 b(ariables)2459 b(63)150 299 y Fs(BASH_LINENO)630
408 y Ft(An)38 b(arra)m(y)h(v)-5 b(ariable)39 b(whose)g(mem)m(b)s(ers)e
(are)i(the)g(line)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(ers)e(in)h(source)h(\014les)f(corre-)
630 518 y(sp)s(onding)g(to)i(eac)m(h)h(mem)m(b)s(er)e(of)h
Fq(FUNCNAME)5 b Ft(.)41 b Fs(${BASH_LINENO[$i]})34 b
Ft(is)40 b(the)g(line)630 628 y(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)47 b(in)h(the)g(source)
h(\014le)f(where)g Fs(${FUNCNAME[$i]})c Ft(w)m(as)49
b(called)g(\(or)g Fs(${BASH_)630 737 y(LINENO[$i-1]})22
b Ft(if)j(referenced)g(within)f(another)i(shell)f(function\).)39
b(The)25 b(corresp)s(onding)630 847 y(source)f(\014le)h(name)f(is)g
Fs(${BASH_SOURCE[$i]})p Ft(.)34 b(Use)25 b Fs(LINENO)d
Ft(to)j(obtain)g(the)g(curren)m(t)f(line)630 956 y(n)m(um)m(b)s(er.)150
1112 y Fs(BASH_REMATCH)630 1221 y Ft(An)43 b(arra)m(y)i(v)-5
b(ariable)44 b(whose)g(mem)m(b)s(ers)f(are)h(assigned)g(b)m(y)f(the)h
(`)p Fs(=~)p Ft(')g(binary)f(op)s(erator)630 1331 y(to)37
b(the)f Fs([[)g Ft(conditional)i(command)e(\(see)h(Section)g(3.2.4.2)i
([Conditional)e(Constructs],)630 1440 y(page)e(10\).)52
b(The)33 b(elemen)m(t)j(with)d(index)g(0)i(is)f(the)g(p)s(ortion)f(of)h
(the)g(string)g(matc)m(hing)h(the)630 1550 y(en)m(tire)29
b(regular)f(expression.)40 b(The)27 b(elemen)m(t)j(with)d(index)h
Fq(n)f Ft(is)h(the)g(p)s(ortion)g(of)g(the)g(string)630
1660 y(matc)m(hing)j(the)g Fq(n)p Ft(th)f(paren)m(thesized)h(sub)s
(expression.)39 b(This)29 b(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(is)g(read-only)-8
b(.)150 1815 y Fs(BASH_SOURCE)630 1924 y Ft(An)24 b(arra)m(y)h(v)-5
b(ariable)26 b(whose)e(mem)m(b)s(ers)g(are)h(the)g(source)f
(\014lenames)h(corresp)s(onding)e(to)j(the)630 2034 y(elemen)m(ts)32
b(in)e(the)g Fs(FUNCNAME)e Ft(arra)m(y)j(v)-5 b(ariable.)150
2189 y Fs(BASH_SUBSHELL)630 2299 y Ft(Incremen)m(ted)34
b(b)m(y)h(one)f(eac)m(h)i(time)f(a)f(subshell)g(or)g(subshell)f(en)m
(vironmen)m(t)i(is)f(spa)m(wned.)630 2408 y(The)c(initial)h(v)-5
b(alue)31 b(is)g(0.)150 2564 y Fs(BASH_VERSINFO)630 2673
y Ft(A)36 b(readonly)g(arra)m(y)g(v)-5 b(ariable)37 b(\(see)f(Section)h
(6.7)g([Arra)m(ys],)h(page)e(80\))h(whose)f(mem)m(b)s(ers)630
2783 y(hold)c(v)m(ersion)h(information)f(for)g(this)g(instance)h(of)g
(Bash.)46 b(The)32 b(v)-5 b(alues)32 b(assigned)h(to)g(the)630
2892 y(arra)m(y)e(mem)m(b)s(ers)e(are)i(as)g(follo)m(ws:)630
3048 y Fs(BASH_VERSINFO[0])1110 3157 y Ft(The)f(ma)5
b(jor)30 b(v)m(ersion)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(\(the)i Fq(release)5
b Ft(\).)630 3313 y Fs(BASH_VERSINFO[1])1110 3422 y Ft(The)30
b(minor)g(v)m(ersion)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(\(the)i Fq(v)m(ersion)p
Ft(\).)630 3577 y Fs(BASH_VERSINFO[2])1110 3687 y Ft(The)f(patc)m(h)h
(lev)m(el.)630 3842 y Fs(BASH_VERSINFO[3])1110 3952 y
Ft(The)f(build)f(v)m(ersion.)630 4107 y Fs(BASH_VERSINFO[4])1110
4217 y Ft(The)h(release)i(status)e(\(e.g.,)j Fq(b)s(eta1)7
b Ft(\).)630 4372 y Fs(BASH_VERSINFO[5])1110 4482 y Ft(The)30
b(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(of)f Fs(MACHTYPE)p Ft(.)150 4637 y
Fs(BASH_VERSION)630 4746 y Ft(The)g(v)m(ersion)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)h
(the)h(curren)m(t)f(instance)h(of)g(Bash.)150 4902 y
Fs(BASH_XTRACEFD)630 5011 y Ft(If)f(set)h(to)h(an)e(in)m(teger)i
(corresp)s(onding)e(to)h(a)g(v)-5 b(alid)31 b(\014le)g(descriptor,)g
(Bash)g(will)g(write)g(the)630 5121 y(trace)37 b(output)f(generated)h
(when)f(`)p Fs(set)29 b(-x)p Ft(')36 b(is)g(enabled)h(to)g(that)f
(\014le)h(descriptor.)58 b(This)630 5230 y(allo)m(ws)29
b(tracing)h(output)d(to)i(b)s(e)f(separated)g(from)g(diagnostic)h(and)f
(error)f(messages.)41 b(The)630 5340 y(\014le)31 b(descriptor)f(is)h
(closed)g(when)f Fs(BASH_XTRACEFD)d Ft(is)k(unset)f(or)g(assigned)h(a)g
(new)f(v)-5 b(alue.)p eop end
%%Page: 64 70
TeXDict begin 64 69 bop 150 -116 a Ft(64)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)630 299 y(Unsetting)45 b Fs(BASH_XTRACEFD)40
b Ft(or)k(assigning)g(it)g(the)g(empt)m(y)h(string)e(causes)i(the)f
(trace)630 408 y(output)33 b(to)i(b)s(e)d(sen)m(t)j(to)f(the)g
(standard)e(error.)50 b(Note)35 b(that)g(setting)f Fs(BASH_XTRACEFD)c
Ft(to)630 518 y(2)39 b(\(the)h(standard)e(error)g(\014le)h
(descriptor\))h(and)e(then)h(unsetting)g(it)g(will)g(result)g(in)g(the)
630 628 y(standard)30 b(error)g(b)s(eing)f(closed.)150
819 y Fs(COLUMNS)144 b Ft(Used)36 b(b)m(y)h(the)f Fs(select)f
Ft(builtin)h(command)h(to)g(determine)f(the)h(terminal)g(width)f(when)
630 929 y(prin)m(ting)30 b(selection)i(lists.)42 b(Automatically)33
b(set)e(up)s(on)d(receipt)k(of)e(a)h Fs(SIGWINCH)p Ft(.)150
1121 y Fs(COMP_CWORD)630 1230 y Ft(An)38 b(index)g(in)m(to)h
Fs(${COMP_WORDS})c Ft(of)k(the)g(w)m(ord)f(con)m(taining)i(the)e
(curren)m(t)g(cursor)g(p)s(o-)630 1340 y(sition.)72 b(This)40
b(v)-5 b(ariable)41 b(is)f(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)43 b(only)e(in)f(shell)h
(functions)f(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)i(b)m(y)e(the)h(pro-)630
1450 y(grammable)36 b(completion)g(facilities)i(\(see)e(Section)g(8.6)g
([Programmable)g(Completion],)630 1559 y(page)31 b(115\).)150
1751 y Fs(COMP_LINE)630 1861 y Ft(The)38 b(curren)m(t)h(command)f
(line.)66 b(This)37 b(v)-5 b(ariable)40 b(is)f(a)m(v)-5
b(ailable)41 b(only)d(in)h(shell)f(functions)630 1970
y(and)25 b(external)h(commands)f(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(b)m(y)f(the)h
(programmable)f(completion)i(facilities)g(\(see)630 2080
y(Section)k(8.6)h([Programmable)f(Completion],)g(page)g(115\).)150
2271 y Fs(COMP_POINT)630 2381 y Ft(The)25 b(index)g(of)h(the)g(curren)m
(t)f(cursor)g(p)s(osition)h(relativ)m(e)i(to)e(the)g(b)s(eginning)f(of)
g(the)h(curren)m(t)630 2491 y(command.)40 b(If)27 b(the)h(curren)m(t)g
(cursor)g(p)s(osition)g(is)g(at)g(the)g(end)g(of)g(the)g(curren)m(t)g
(command,)630 2600 y(the)i(v)-5 b(alue)30 b(of)g(this)g(v)-5
b(ariable)31 b(is)f(equal)g(to)h Fs(${#COMP_LINE})p Ft(.)37
b(This)29 b(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(is)f(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)630
2710 y(only)36 b(in)f(shell)h(functions)f(and)g(external)h(commands)g
(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(b)m(y)e(the)h(programmable)630 2819
y(completion)c(facilities)g(\(see)g(Section)f(8.6)g([Programmable)g
(Completion],)h(page)f(115\).)150 3011 y Fs(COMP_TYPE)630
3121 y Ft(Set)c(to)h(an)f(in)m(teger)h(v)-5 b(alue)28
b(corresp)s(onding)e(to)h(the)h(t)m(yp)s(e)f(of)g(completion)h
(attempted)g(that)630 3230 y(caused)e(a)g(completion)i(function)d(to)i
(b)s(e)e(called:)40 b Fq(T)-8 b(AB)5 b Ft(,)27 b(for)f(normal)g
(completion,)i(`)p Fs(?)p Ft(',)f(for)630 3340 y(listing)35
b(completions)h(after)f(successiv)m(e)g(tabs,)h(`)p Fs(!)p
Ft(',)g(for)e(listing)h(alternativ)m(es)i(on)d(partial)630
3450 y(w)m(ord)22 b(completion,)k(`)p Fs(@)p Ft(',)f(to)e(list)g
(completions)h(if)f(the)g(w)m(ord)f(is)h(not)g(unmo)s(di\014ed,)f(or)h
(`)p Fs(\045)p Ft(',)h(for)630 3559 y(men)m(u)i(completion.)41
b(This)25 b(v)-5 b(ariable)27 b(is)g(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)28
b(only)f(in)f(shell)g(functions)g(and)g(external)630
3669 y(commands)32 b(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)i(b)m(y)e(the)g(programmable)h
(completion)g(facilities)i(\(see)e(Section)g(8.6)630
3778 y([Programmable)e(Completion],)h(page)f(115\).)150
3970 y Fs(COMP_KEY)96 b Ft(The)29 b(k)m(ey)i(\(or)g(\014nal)e(k)m(ey)i
(of)f(a)g(k)m(ey)h(sequence\))g(used)e(to)i(in)m(v)m(ok)m(e)h(the)e
(curren)m(t)g(completion)630 4080 y(function.)150 4271
y Fs(COMP_WORDBREAKS)630 4381 y Ft(The)f(set)i(of)e(c)m(haracters)j
(that)e(the)g(Readline)g(library)g(treats)g(as)g(w)m(ord)g(separators)g
(when)630 4491 y(p)s(erforming)i(w)m(ord)h(completion.)51
b(If)33 b Fs(COMP_WORDBREAKS)c Ft(is)34 b(unset,)g(it)f(loses)i(its)e
(sp)s(ecial)630 4600 y(prop)s(erties,)d(ev)m(en)h(if)f(it)h(is)g
(subsequen)m(tly)f(reset.)150 4792 y Fs(COMP_WORDS)630
4902 y Ft(An)36 b(arra)m(y)g(v)-5 b(ariable)37 b(consisting)g(of)f(the)
g(individual)f(w)m(ords)h(in)f(the)h(curren)m(t)g(command)630
5011 y(line.)94 b(The)47 b(line)i(is)f(split)g(in)m(to)h(w)m(ords)e(as)
h(Readline)h(w)m(ould)f(split)g(it,)53 b(using)47 b Fs(COMP_)630
5121 y(WORDBREAKS)34 b Ft(as)i(describ)s(ed)g(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e.)60
b(This)36 b(v)-5 b(ariable)37 b(is)f(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)39
b(only)e(in)f(shell)h(func-)630 5230 y(tions)32 b(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)i(b)
m(y)d(the)i(programmable)f(completion)h(facilities)h(\(see)f(Section)g
(8.6)g([Pro-)630 5340 y(grammable)e(Completion],)g(page)g(115\).)p
eop end
%%Page: 65 71
TeXDict begin 65 70 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(5:)41
b(Shell)30 b(V)-8 b(ariables)2459 b(65)150 299 y Fs(COMPREPLY)630
408 y Ft(An)37 b(arra)m(y)h(v)-5 b(ariable)38 b(from)f(whic)m(h)g(Bash)
g(reads)g(the)h(p)s(ossible)e(completions)j(generated)630
518 y(b)m(y)33 b(a)g(shell)h(function)f(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(b)m(y)f(the)
g(programmable)h(completion)g(facilit)m(y)h(\(see)f(Sec-)630
628 y(tion)d(8.6)g([Programmable)g(Completion],)h(page)f(115\).)150
774 y Fs(DIRSTACK)96 b Ft(An)26 b(arra)m(y)h(v)-5 b(ariable)28
b(con)m(taining)g(the)f(curren)m(t)f(con)m(ten)m(ts)j(of)e(the)f
(directory)i(stac)m(k.)41 b(Direc-)630 883 y(tories)33
b(app)s(ear)f(in)g(the)h(stac)m(k)h(in)e(the)h(order)f(they)h(are)g
(displa)m(y)m(ed)g(b)m(y)f(the)h Fs(dirs)e Ft(builtin.)630
993 y(Assigning)f(to)h(mem)m(b)s(ers)f(of)g(this)g(arra)m(y)g(v)-5
b(ariable)31 b(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)e(used)h(to)h(mo)s(dify)e(directories)630
1103 y(already)41 b(in)f(the)h(stac)m(k,)k(but)40 b(the)h
Fs(pushd)e Ft(and)h Fs(popd)f Ft(builtins)h(m)m(ust)h(b)s(e)e(used)h
(to)i(add)630 1212 y(and)37 b(remo)m(v)m(e)h(directories.)63
b(Assignmen)m(t)37 b(to)h(this)f(v)-5 b(ariable)38 b(will)g(not)f(c)m
(hange)i(the)e(cur-)630 1322 y(ren)m(t)c(directory)-8
b(.)47 b(If)32 b Fs(DIRSTACK)e Ft(is)i(unset,)g(it)h(loses)g(its)g(sp)s
(ecial)g(prop)s(erties,)f(ev)m(en)h(if)f(it)h(is)630
1431 y(subsequen)m(tly)d(reset.)150 1577 y Fs(EMACS)240
b Ft(If)31 b(Bash)h(\014nds)d(this)j(v)-5 b(ariable)32
b(in)f(the)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g(when)e(the)i(shell)f(starts)h(with)f
(v)-5 b(alue)630 1687 y(`)p Fs(t)p Ft(',)38 b(it)e(assumes)g(that)g
(the)h(shell)f(is)g(running)e(in)i(an)g(emacs)g(shell)h(bu\013er)e(and)
g(disables)630 1797 y(line)c(editing.)150 1943 y Fs(EUID)288
b Ft(The)30 b(n)m(umeric)g(e\013ectiv)m(e)j(user)d(id)g(of)g(the)h
(curren)m(t)f(user.)40 b(This)30 b(v)-5 b(ariable)31
b(is)f(readonly)-8 b(.)150 2089 y Fs(FCEDIT)192 b Ft(The)30
b(editor)h(used)e(as)i(a)g(default)f(b)m(y)h(the)f(`)p
Fs(-e)p Ft(')g(option)h(to)g(the)g Fs(fc)f Ft(builtin)g(command.)150
2235 y Fs(FIGNORE)144 b Ft(A)35 b(colon-separated)i(list)f(of)g
(su\016xes)e(to)i(ignore)g(when)e(p)s(erforming)g(\014lename)i(comple-)
630 2345 y(tion.)j(A)25 b(\014le)g(name)g(whose)f(su\016x)g(matc)m(hes)
i(one)f(of)g(the)g(en)m(tries)g(in)g Fs(FIGNORE)d Ft(is)j(excluded)630
2454 y(from)30 b(the)g(list)h(of)g(matc)m(hed)g(\014le)g(names.)40
b(A)31 b(sample)f(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(is)g(`)p Fs(.o:~)p
Ft(')150 2600 y Fs(FUNCNAME)96 b Ft(An)35 b(arra)m(y)i(v)-5
b(ariable)36 b(con)m(taining)h(the)f(names)g(of)g(all)g(shell)g
(functions)g(curren)m(tly)f(in)h(the)630 2710 y(execution)g(call)h
(stac)m(k.)57 b(The)34 b(elemen)m(t)j(with)e(index)g(0)h(is)f(the)g
(name)h(of)f(an)m(y)h(curren)m(tly-)630 2819 y(executing)i(shell)f
(function.)61 b(The)36 b(b)s(ottom-most)i(elemen)m(t)h(is)e
Fs("main")p Ft(.)59 b(This)36 b(v)-5 b(ariable)630 2929
y(exists)33 b(only)g(when)f(a)h(shell)g(function)f(is)h(executing.)49
b(Assignmen)m(ts)33 b(to)g Fs(FUNCNAME)e Ft(ha)m(v)m(e)630
3039 y(no)36 b(e\013ect)h(and)e(return)f(an)i(error)f(status.)57
b(If)36 b Fs(FUNCNAME)d Ft(is)j(unset,)h(it)f(loses)g(its)g(sp)s(ecial)
630 3148 y(prop)s(erties,)30 b(ev)m(en)h(if)f(it)h(is)g(subsequen)m
(tly)f(reset.)150 3294 y Fs(GLOBIGNORE)630 3404 y Ft(A)38
b(colon-separated)i(list)f(of)f(patterns)g(de\014ning)f(the)h(set)g(of)
h(\014lenames)f(to)g(b)s(e)g(ignored)630 3513 y(b)m(y)31
b(\014lename)g(expansion.)43 b(If)31 b(a)h(\014lename)f(matc)m(hed)h(b)
m(y)f(a)g(\014lename)h(expansion)f(pattern)630 3623 y(also)i(matc)m
(hes)g(one)f(of)g(the)g(patterns)g(in)f Fs(GLOBIGNORE)p
Ft(,)f(it)i(is)g(remo)m(v)m(ed)h(from)e(the)h(list)h(of)630
3733 y(matc)m(hes.)150 3879 y Fs(GROUPS)192 b Ft(An)36
b(arra)m(y)g(v)-5 b(ariable)37 b(con)m(taining)g(the)f(list)h(of)f
(groups)g(of)g(whic)m(h)f(the)i(curren)m(t)e(user)h(is)g(a)630
3988 y(mem)m(b)s(er.)47 b(Assignmen)m(ts)33 b(to)g Fs(GROUPS)e
Ft(ha)m(v)m(e)j(no)f(e\013ect)h(and)e(return)g(an)g(error)g(status.)48
b(If)630 4098 y Fs(GROUPS)29 b Ft(is)h(unset,)g(it)h(loses)g(its)g(sp)s
(ecial)g(prop)s(erties,)f(ev)m(en)h(if)f(it)h(is)g(subsequen)m(tly)f
(reset.)150 4244 y Fs(histchars)630 4354 y Ft(Up)c(to)g(three)g(c)m
(haracters)i(whic)m(h)d(con)m(trol)j(history)d(expansion,)i(quic)m(k)g
(substitution,)g(and)630 4463 y(tok)m(enization)k(\(see)f(Section)f
(9.3)h([History)f(In)m(teraction],)i(page)f(123\).)41
b(The)29 b(\014rst)e(c)m(harac-)630 4573 y(ter)j(is)f(the)g
Fq(history)g(expansion)g Ft(c)m(haracter,)j(that)e(is,)f(the)h(c)m
(haracter)h(whic)m(h)d(signi\014es)i(the)630 4682 y(start)25
b(of)f(a)h(history)f(expansion,)i(normally)e(`)p Fs(!)p
Ft('.)39 b(The)24 b(second)g(c)m(haracter)i(is)e(the)g(c)m(haracter)630
4792 y(whic)m(h)36 b(signi\014es)g(`quic)m(k)h(substitution')f(when)f
(seen)h(as)g(the)g(\014rst)f(c)m(haracter)j(on)e(a)g(line,)630
4902 y(normally)27 b(`)p Fs(^)p Ft('.)39 b(The)26 b(optional)i(third)d
(c)m(haracter)j(is)e(the)h(c)m(haracter)h(whic)m(h)e(indicates)h(that)
630 5011 y(the)34 b(remainder)f(of)h(the)g(line)g(is)f(a)h(commen)m(t)h
(when)e(found)f(as)i(the)g(\014rst)f(c)m(haracter)i(of)f(a)630
5121 y(w)m(ord,)i(usually)f(`)p Fs(#)p Ft('.)55 b(The)34
b(history)h(commen)m(t)h(c)m(haracter)h(causes)e(history)g
(substitution)630 5230 y(to)27 b(b)s(e)f(skipp)s(ed)f(for)i(the)f
(remaining)h(w)m(ords)f(on)h(the)f(line.)40 b(It)27 b(do)s(es)f(not)h
(necessarily)g(cause)630 5340 y(the)k(shell)f(parser)g(to)h(treat)g
(the)g(rest)g(of)f(the)h(line)f(as)h(a)g(commen)m(t.)p
eop end
%%Page: 66 72
TeXDict begin 66 71 bop 150 -116 a Ft(66)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fs(HISTCMD)144 b Ft(The)35
b(history)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er,)g(or)f(index)g(in)h(the)g(history)f(list,)
j(of)e(the)g(curren)m(t)f(command.)56 b(If)630 408 y
Fs(HISTCMD)28 b Ft(is)h(unset,)h(it)g(loses)h(its)f(sp)s(ecial)g(prop)s
(erties,)g(ev)m(en)g(if)g(it)g(is)g(subsequen)m(tly)f(reset.)150
552 y Fs(HISTCONTROL)630 661 y Ft(A)40 b(colon-separated)i(list)f(of)f
(v)-5 b(alues)40 b(con)m(trolling)i(ho)m(w)e(commands)g(are)h(sa)m(v)m
(ed)g(on)f(the)630 771 y(history)29 b(list.)41 b(If)28
b(the)h(list)h(of)f(v)-5 b(alues)29 b(includes)f(`)p
Fs(ignorespace)p Ft(',)f(lines)i(whic)m(h)g(b)s(egin)f(with)630
881 y(a)39 b(space)g(c)m(haracter)i(are)e(not)g(sa)m(v)m(ed)g(in)g(the)
g(history)f(list.)66 b(A)39 b(v)-5 b(alue)39 b(of)g(`)p
Fs(ignoredups)p Ft(')630 990 y(causes)34 b(lines)h(whic)m(h)f(matc)m(h)
h(the)f(previous)f(history)h(en)m(try)h(to)g(not)f(b)s(e)f(sa)m(v)m
(ed.)53 b(A)34 b(v)-5 b(alue)630 1100 y(of)32 b(`)p Fs(ignoreboth)p
Ft(')d(is)j(shorthand)e(for)i(`)p Fs(ignorespace)p Ft(')d(and)i(`)p
Fs(ignoredups)p Ft('.)42 b(A)32 b(v)-5 b(alue)32 b(of)630
1209 y(`)p Fs(erasedups)p Ft(')f(causes)i(all)h(previous)f(lines)g
(matc)m(hing)h(the)f(curren)m(t)g(line)g(to)h(b)s(e)e(remo)m(v)m(ed)630
1319 y(from)42 b(the)h(history)f(list)i(b)s(efore)e(that)h(line)g(is)g
(sa)m(v)m(ed.)78 b(An)m(y)43 b(v)-5 b(alue)43 b(not)g(in)f(the)h(ab)s
(o)m(v)m(e)630 1428 y(list)35 b(is)g(ignored.)53 b(If)34
b Fs(HISTCONTROL)e Ft(is)i(unset,)i(or)e(do)s(es)h(not)g(include)f(a)h
(v)-5 b(alid)35 b(v)-5 b(alue,)36 b(all)630 1538 y(lines)30
b(read)g(b)m(y)g(the)g(shell)g(parser)g(are)g(sa)m(v)m(ed)h(on)f(the)g
(history)g(list,)h(sub)5 b(ject)30 b(to)g(the)g(v)-5
b(alue)630 1648 y(of)42 b Fs(HISTIGNORE)p Ft(.)73 b(The)42
b(second)g(and)g(subsequen)m(t)f(lines)h(of)h(a)f(m)m(ulti-line)h(comp)
s(ound)630 1757 y(command)33 b(are)h(not)g(tested,)i(and)d(are)h(added)
f(to)h(the)g(history)g(regardless)g(of)g(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)630
1867 y(of)31 b Fs(HISTCONTROL)p Ft(.)150 2010 y Fs(HISTFILE)96
b Ft(The)27 b(name)h(of)g(the)g(\014le)g(to)h(whic)m(h)f(the)g(command)
f(history)h(is)g(sa)m(v)m(ed.)41 b(The)27 b(default)h(v)-5
b(alue)630 2120 y(is)30 b(`)p Fs(~/.bash_history)p Ft('.)150
2263 y Fs(HISTFILESIZE)630 2373 y Ft(The)c(maxim)m(um)f(n)m(um)m(b)s
(er)g(of)h(lines)h(con)m(tained)g(in)f(the)g(history)g(\014le.)39
b(When)26 b(this)g(v)-5 b(ariable)630 2482 y(is)33 b(assigned)h(a)g(v)
-5 b(alue,)35 b(the)f(history)f(\014le)g(is)h(truncated,)g(if)g
(necessary)-8 b(,)35 b(b)m(y)e(remo)m(ving)i(the)630
2592 y(oldest)29 b(en)m(tries,)g(to)g(con)m(tain)g(no)f(more)g(than)f
(that)i(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)h(lines.)40 b(The)27 b(history)h(\014le)g
(is)630 2701 y(also)33 b(truncated)e(to)h(this)g(size)g(after)g
(writing)g(it)g(when)f(an)g(in)m(teractiv)m(e)k(shell)c(exits.)45
b(The)630 2811 y(default)31 b(v)-5 b(alue)30 b(is)h(500.)150
2954 y Fs(HISTIGNORE)630 3064 y Ft(A)i(colon-separated)h(list)f(of)g
(patterns)f(used)g(to)h(decide)g(whic)m(h)f(command)g(lines)h(should)
630 3173 y(b)s(e)f(sa)m(v)m(ed)h(on)g(the)f(history)h(list.)47
b(Eac)m(h)33 b(pattern)g(is)f(anc)m(hored)h(at)g(the)f(b)s(eginning)g
(of)h(the)630 3283 y(line)43 b(and)e(m)m(ust)h(matc)m(h)h(the)g
(complete)h(line)e(\(no)h(implicit)g(`)p Fs(*)p Ft(')f(is)g(app)s
(ended\).)75 b(Eac)m(h)630 3393 y(pattern)42 b(is)g(tested)g(against)h
(the)f(line)g(after)g(the)g(c)m(hec)m(ks)h(sp)s(eci\014ed)e(b)m(y)h
Fs(HISTCONTROL)630 3502 y Ft(are)37 b(applied.)59 b(In)36
b(addition)h(to)g(the)g(normal)g(shell)f(pattern)h(matc)m(hing)h(c)m
(haracters,)i(`)p Fs(&)p Ft(')630 3612 y(matc)m(hes)d(the)f(previous)g
(history)g(line.)57 b(`)p Fs(&)p Ft(')36 b(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(escap)s(ed)
h(using)g(a)g(bac)m(kslash;)k(the)630 3721 y(bac)m(kslash)34
b(is)g(remo)m(v)m(ed)h(b)s(efore)e(attempting)i(a)g(matc)m(h.)51
b(The)34 b(second)f(and)h(subsequen)m(t)630 3831 y(lines)e(of)h(a)g(m)m
(ulti-line)g(comp)s(ound)e(command)h(are)h(not)f(tested,)i(and)e(are)g
(added)g(to)h(the)630 3941 y(history)d(regardless)h(of)g(the)f(v)-5
b(alue)31 b(of)g Fs(HISTIGNORE)p Ft(.)630 4067 y Fs(HISTIGNORE)20
b Ft(subsumes)g(the)j(function)f(of)h Fs(HISTCONTROL)p
Ft(.)35 b(A)23 b(pattern)f(of)h(`)p Fs(&)p Ft(')g(is)f(iden)m(tical)630
4177 y(to)k Fs(ignoredups)p Ft(,)e(and)h(a)h(pattern)g(of)f(`)p
Fs([)31 b(]*)p Ft(')25 b(is)h(iden)m(tical)h(to)f Fs(ignorespace)p
Ft(.)36 b(Com)m(bining)630 4286 y(these)30 b(t)m(w)m(o)h(patterns,)f
(separating)g(them)g(with)f(a)h(colon,)h(pro)m(vides)e(the)h
(functionalit)m(y)h(of)630 4396 y Fs(ignoreboth)p Ft(.)150
4539 y Fs(HISTSIZE)96 b Ft(The)42 b(maxim)m(um)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i
(commands)e(to)j(remem)m(b)s(er)d(on)h(the)h(history)f(list.)77
b(The)630 4649 y(default)31 b(v)-5 b(alue)30 b(is)h(500.)150
4792 y Fs(HISTTIMEFORMAT)630 4902 y Ft(If)44 b(this)g(v)-5
b(ariable)45 b(is)f(set)g(and)g(not)g(n)m(ull,)k(its)d(v)-5
b(alue)44 b(is)g(used)g(as)g(a)h(format)f(string)g(for)630
5011 y Fq(strftime)c Ft(to)35 b(prin)m(t)f(the)h(time)g(stamp)f(asso)s
(ciated)i(with)f(eac)m(h)g(history)g(en)m(try)f(displa)m(y)m(ed)630
5121 y(b)m(y)g(the)f Fs(history)f Ft(builtin.)50 b(If)33
b(this)h(v)-5 b(ariable)34 b(is)g(set,)h(time)f(stamps)g(are)g(written)
f(to)i(the)630 5230 y(history)26 b(\014le)g(so)g(they)g(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)
e(preserv)m(ed)g(across)i(shell)f(sessions.)39 b(This)25
b(uses)h(the)g(history)630 5340 y(commen)m(t)31 b(c)m(haracter)h(to)f
(distinguish)f(timestamps)h(from)f(other)g(history)h(lines.)p
eop end
%%Page: 67 73
TeXDict begin 67 72 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(5:)41
b(Shell)30 b(V)-8 b(ariables)2459 b(67)150 299 y Fs(HOSTFILE)96
b Ft(Con)m(tains)39 b(the)f(name)g(of)h(a)g(\014le)f(in)g(the)g(same)h
(format)g(as)f(`)p Fs(/etc/hosts)p Ft(')e(that)j(should)630
408 y(b)s(e)i(read)h(when)f(the)i(shell)f(needs)f(to)i(complete)h(a)e
(hostname.)76 b(The)42 b(list)g(of)g(p)s(ossible)630
518 y(hostname)26 b(completions)g(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)d(c)m(hanged)j(while)e
(the)h(shell)g(is)f(running;)h(the)g(next)f(time)630
628 y(hostname)37 b(completion)i(is)e(attempted)h(after)g(the)f(v)-5
b(alue)37 b(is)h(c)m(hanged,)h(Bash)e(adds)g(the)630
737 y(con)m(ten)m(ts)43 b(of)f(the)f(new)g(\014le)h(to)g(the)f
(existing)i(list.)74 b(If)41 b Fs(HOSTFILE)e Ft(is)i(set,)k(but)c(has)g
(no)630 847 y(v)-5 b(alue,)29 b(or)e(do)s(es)h(not)g(name)f(a)h
(readable)g(\014le,)h(Bash)f(attempts)g(to)g(read)g(`)p
Fs(/etc/hosts)p Ft(')d(to)630 956 y(obtain)j(the)g(list)h(of)f(p)s
(ossible)f(hostname)h(completions.)41 b(When)28 b Fs(HOSTFILE)e
Ft(is)i(unset,)g(the)630 1066 y(hostname)j(list)g(is)f(cleared.)150
1226 y Fs(HOSTNAME)96 b Ft(The)30 b(name)g(of)h(the)f(curren)m(t)h
(host.)150 1386 y Fs(HOSTTYPE)96 b Ft(A)30 b(string)h(describing)f(the)
g(mac)m(hine)h(Bash)g(is)f(running)f(on.)150 1547 y Fs(IGNOREEOF)630
1656 y Ft(Con)m(trols)e(the)h(action)g(of)f(the)g(shell)g(on)g(receipt)
h(of)f(an)g Fs(EOF)f Ft(c)m(haracter)i(as)g(the)f(sole)h(input.)630
1766 y(If)i(set,)i(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)32 b(denotes)f(the)g(n)m(um)m(b)s
(er)f(of)h(consecutiv)m(e)i Fs(EOF)d Ft(c)m(haracters)i(that)f(can)h(b)
s(e)630 1875 y(read)40 b(as)f(the)h(\014rst)f(c)m(haracter)i(on)f(an)f
(input)g(line)h(b)s(efore)f(the)h(shell)g(will)g(exit.)70
b(If)39 b(the)630 1985 y(v)-5 b(ariable)38 b(exists)f(but)f(do)s(es)g
(not)h(ha)m(v)m(e)h(a)g(n)m(umeric)e(v)-5 b(alue)37 b(\(or)h(has)e(no)h
(v)-5 b(alue\))37 b(then)g(the)630 2094 y(default)31
b(is)g(10.)43 b(If)30 b(the)h(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(do)s(es)g(not)g
(exist,)h(then)e Fs(EOF)g Ft(signi\014es)h(the)g(end)f(of)h(input)630
2204 y(to)g(the)g(shell.)41 b(This)29 b(is)i(only)f(in)g(e\013ect)i
(for)e(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shells.)150 2364 y Fs(INPUTRC)144
b Ft(The)68 b(name)h(of)f(the)h(Readline)g(initialization)j(\014le,)78
b(o)m(v)m(erriding)69 b(the)g(default)g(of)630 2474 y(`)p
Fs(~/.inputrc)p Ft('.)150 2634 y Fs(LANG)288 b Ft(Used)28
b(to)h(determine)f(the)g(lo)s(cale)h(category)h(for)e(an)m(y)h
(category)h(not)e(sp)s(eci\014cally)g(selected)630 2744
y(with)i(a)h(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(starting)g(with)f Fs(LC_)p
Ft(.)150 2904 y Fs(LC_ALL)192 b Ft(This)28 b(v)-5 b(ariable)29
b(o)m(v)m(errides)h(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)29 b(of)g Fs(LANG)f
Ft(and)g(an)m(y)h(other)g Fs(LC_)f Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)29
b(sp)s(ecifying)630 3013 y(a)i(lo)s(cale)h(category)-8
b(.)150 3173 y Fs(LC_COLLATE)630 3283 y Ft(This)37 b(v)-5
b(ariable)38 b(determines)g(the)g(collation)i(order)d(used)g(when)f
(sorting)i(the)g(results)g(of)630 3393 y(\014lename)e(expansion,)i(and)
e(determines)g(the)h(b)s(eha)m(vior)f(of)g(range)h(expressions,)h
(equiv-)630 3502 y(alence)e(classes,)h(and)e(collating)i(sequences)e
(within)f(\014lename)h(expansion)g(and)f(pattern)630
3612 y(matc)m(hing)d(\(see)h(Section)f(3.5.8)h([Filename)g(Expansion],)
e(page)h(24\).)150 3772 y Fs(LC_CTYPE)96 b Ft(This)36
b(v)-5 b(ariable)37 b(determines)f(the)h(in)m(terpretation)h(of)f(c)m
(haracters)h(and)e(the)g(b)s(eha)m(vior)h(of)630 3882
y(c)m(haracter)46 b(classes)g(within)e(\014lename)h(expansion)g(and)f
(pattern)h(matc)m(hing)h(\(see)f(Sec-)630 3991 y(tion)31
b(3.5.8)h([Filename)g(Expansion],)e(page)h(24\).)150
4151 y Fs(LC_MESSAGES)630 4261 y Ft(This)25 b(v)-5 b(ariable)27
b(determines)f(the)g(lo)s(cale)i(used)d(to)i(translate)g(double-quoted)
f(strings)g(pre-)630 4371 y(ceded)31 b(b)m(y)f(a)h(`)p
Fs($)p Ft(')f(\(see)h(Section)h(3.1.2.5)g([Lo)s(cale)g(T)-8
b(ranslation],)32 b(page)f(7\).)150 4531 y Fs(LC_NUMERIC)630
4640 y Ft(This)f(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(determines)f(the)h(lo)s(cale)h
(category)g(used)e(for)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(formatting.)150
4800 y Fs(LINENO)192 b Ft(The)30 b(line)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(in)h(the)g
(script)h(or)f(shell)g(function)h(curren)m(tly)f(executing.)150
4961 y Fs(LINES)240 b Ft(Used)25 b(b)m(y)g(the)g Fs(select)e
Ft(builtin)i(command)g(to)h(determine)f(the)g(column)g(length)g(for)g
(prin)m(t-)630 5070 y(ing)31 b(selection)h(lists.)41
b(Automatically)33 b(set)e(up)s(on)e(receipt)i(of)f(a)h
Fs(SIGWINCH)p Ft(.)150 5230 y Fs(MACHTYPE)96 b Ft(A)26
b(string)g(that)h(fully)f(describ)s(es)f(the)h(system)g(t)m(yp)s(e)h
(on)f(whic)m(h)f(Bash)i(is)f(executing,)i(in)e(the)630
5340 y(standard)k Fl(gnu)g Fq(cpu-compan)m(y-system)h
Ft(format.)p eop end
%%Page: 68 74
TeXDict begin 68 73 bop 150 -116 a Ft(68)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fs(MAILCHECK)630 408
y Ft(Ho)m(w)d(often)g(\(in)g(seconds\))g(that)g(the)f(shell)h(should)f
(c)m(hec)m(k)i(for)e(mail)h(in)f(the)h(\014les)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)630
518 y(in)i(the)h Fs(MAILPATH)e Ft(or)i Fs(MAIL)e Ft(v)-5
b(ariables.)43 b(The)30 b(default)h(is)f(60)i(seconds.)42
b(When)30 b(it)h(is)g(time)630 628 y(to)37 b(c)m(hec)m(k)h(for)e(mail,)
j(the)e(shell)f(do)s(es)g(so)h(b)s(efore)f(displa)m(ying)h(the)f
(primary)g(prompt.)57 b(If)630 737 y(this)37 b(v)-5 b(ariable)38
b(is)f(unset,)h(or)f(set)h(to)g(a)f(v)-5 b(alue)38 b(that)f(is)g(not)h
(a)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(greater)i(than)f(or)630 847 y(equal)31
b(to)g(zero,)g(the)g(shell)g(disables)f(mail)h(c)m(hec)m(king.)150
1003 y Fs(OLDPWD)192 b Ft(The)30 b(previous)g(w)m(orking)g(directory)h
(as)g(set)g(b)m(y)f(the)h Fs(cd)e Ft(builtin.)150 1160
y Fs(OPTERR)192 b Ft(If)35 b(set)i(to)f(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)36
b(1,)i(Bash)e(displa)m(ys)g(error)f(messages)i(generated)g(b)m(y)f(the)
g Fs(getopts)630 1270 y Ft(builtin)30 b(command.)150
1426 y Fs(OSTYPE)192 b Ft(A)30 b(string)h(describing)f(the)g(op)s
(erating)h(system)g(Bash)f(is)h(running)d(on.)150 1583
y Fs(PIPESTATUS)630 1692 y Ft(An)23 b(arra)m(y)h(v)-5
b(ariable)24 b(\(see)h(Section)f(6.7)h([Arra)m(ys],)g(page)f(80\))h
(con)m(taining)g(a)f(list)g(of)g(exit)g(sta-)630 1802
y(tus)h(v)-5 b(alues)27 b(from)e(the)h(pro)s(cesses)g(in)f(the)h
(most-recen)m(tly-executed)j(foreground)c(pip)s(eline)630
1911 y(\(whic)m(h)30 b(ma)m(y)h(con)m(tain)h(only)f(a)f(single)h
(command\).)150 2068 y Fs(POSIXLY_CORRECT)630 2178 y
Ft(If)h(this)h(v)-5 b(ariable)34 b(is)f(in)f(the)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t)h
(when)d Fs(bash)h Ft(starts,)i(the)f(shell)g(en)m(ters)h
Fl(posix)630 2287 y Ft(mo)s(de)22 b(\(see)h(Section)g(6.11)h([Bash)e
(POSIX)f(Mo)s(de],)k(page)e(84\))g(b)s(efore)f(reading)g(the)g(startup)
630 2397 y(\014les,)32 b(as)f(if)h(the)f(`)p Fs(--posix)p
Ft(')f(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation)j(option)f(had)f(b)s(een)g(supplied.)42
b(If)31 b(it)h(is)f(set)h(while)630 2506 y(the)f(shell)f(is)h(running,)
d Fs(bash)i Ft(enables)g Fl(posix)g Ft(mo)s(de,)g(as)h(if)f(the)h
(command)870 2639 y Fs(set)47 b(-o)g(posix)630 2772 y
Ft(had)30 b(b)s(een)f(executed.)150 2929 y Fs(PPID)288
b Ft(The)30 b(pro)s(cess)g Fl(id)g Ft(of)h(the)f(shell's)h(paren)m(t)g
(pro)s(cess.)40 b(This)30 b(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(is)f(readonly)-8
b(.)150 3086 y Fs(PROMPT_COMMAND)630 3195 y Ft(If)32
b(set,)h(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)33 b(is)f(in)m(terpreted)g(as)g(a)h(command)
f(to)h(execute)g(b)s(efore)f(the)g(prin)m(ting)g(of)630
3305 y(eac)m(h)g(primary)d(prompt)g(\()p Fs($PS1)p Ft(\).)150
3461 y Fs(PROMPT_DIRTRIM)630 3571 y Ft(If)e(set)g(to)h(a)g(n)m(um)m(b)s
(er)e(greater)i(than)f(zero,)i(the)e(v)-5 b(alue)28 b(is)f(used)g(as)g
(the)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)h(trailing)630 3680 y(directory)35
b(comp)s(onen)m(ts)g(to)h(retain)f(when)f(expanding)g(the)h
Fs(\\w)f Ft(and)g Fs(\\W)g Ft(prompt)g(string)630 3790
y(escap)s(es)27 b(\(see)g(Section)g(6.9)h([Prin)m(ting)f(a)g(Prompt],)g
(page)g(82\).)40 b(Characters)27 b(remo)m(v)m(ed)h(are)630
3900 y(replaced)j(with)f(an)g(ellipsis.)150 4056 y Fs(PS3)336
b Ft(The)34 b(v)-5 b(alue)35 b(of)f(this)g(v)-5 b(ariable)35
b(is)g(used)e(as)i(the)f(prompt)g(for)g(the)g Fs(select)f
Ft(command.)52 b(If)630 4166 y(this)30 b(v)-5 b(ariable)31
b(is)g(not)f(set,)i(the)e Fs(select)f Ft(command)h(prompts)f(with)h(`)p
Fs(#?)g Ft(')150 4322 y Fs(PS4)336 b Ft(The)20 b(v)-5
b(alue)22 b(is)e(the)h(prompt)f(prin)m(ted)h(b)s(efore)f(the)h(command)
g(line)g(is)g(ec)m(ho)s(ed)g(when)f(the)h(`)p Fs(-x)p
Ft(')630 4432 y(option)32 b(is)f(set)h(\(see)g(Section)h(4.3.1)g([The)e
(Set)g(Builtin],)i(page)f(51\).)45 b(The)31 b(\014rst)f(c)m(haracter)
630 4542 y(of)k Fs(PS4)g Ft(is)g(replicated)i(m)m(ultiple)f(times,)h
(as)e(necessary)-8 b(,)37 b(to)e(indicate)g(m)m(ultiple)g(lev)m(els)h
(of)630 4651 y(indirection.)41 b(The)30 b(default)h(is)f(`)p
Fs(+)g Ft('.)150 4808 y Fs(PWD)336 b Ft(The)30 b(curren)m(t)g(w)m
(orking)h(directory)g(as)f(set)h(b)m(y)f(the)h Fs(cd)f
Ft(builtin.)150 4964 y Fs(RANDOM)192 b Ft(Eac)m(h)30
b(time)g(this)f(parameter)g(is)g(referenced,)h(a)f(random)g(in)m(teger)
h(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)g(0)f(and)g(32767)630 5074 y(is)i(generated.)43
b(Assigning)31 b(a)g(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(to)g(this)g(v)-5
b(ariable)31 b(seeds)g(the)g(random)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(gen-)630
5183 y(erator.)150 5340 y Fs(REPLY)240 b Ft(The)30 b(default)g(v)-5
b(ariable)32 b(for)e(the)g Fs(read)g Ft(builtin.)p eop
end
%%Page: 69 75
TeXDict begin 69 74 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(5:)41
b(Shell)30 b(V)-8 b(ariables)2459 b(69)150 299 y Fs(SECONDS)144
b Ft(This)40 b(v)-5 b(ariable)41 b(expands)f(to)h(the)g(n)m(um)m(b)s
(er)e(of)i(seconds)g(since)g(the)f(shell)h(w)m(as)g(started.)630
408 y(Assignmen)m(t)i(to)g(this)g(v)-5 b(ariable)43 b(resets)g(the)g
(coun)m(t)g(to)g(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)43 b(assigned,)j(and)c(the)630
518 y(expanded)35 b(v)-5 b(alue)36 b(b)s(ecomes)h(the)f(v)-5
b(alue)36 b(assigned)g(plus)f(the)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)h(seconds)g
(since)630 628 y(the)31 b(assignmen)m(t.)150 779 y Fs(SHELL)240
b Ft(The)29 b(full)h(pathname)g(to)h(the)f(shell)g(is)g(k)m(ept)g(in)g
(this)g(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g(v)-5 b(ariable.)42 b(If)29
b(it)i(is)f(not)630 889 y(set)36 b(when)f(the)h(shell)g(starts,)i(Bash)
e(assigns)h(to)f(it)h(the)f(full)f(pathname)h(of)g(the)g(curren)m(t)630
999 y(user's)30 b(login)h(shell.)150 1150 y Fs(SHELLOPTS)630
1260 y Ft(A)g(colon-separated)h(list)f(of)g(enabled)f(shell)h(options.)
41 b(Eac)m(h)31 b(w)m(ord)f(in)g(the)h(list)g(is)g(a)g(v)-5
b(alid)630 1369 y(argumen)m(t)24 b(for)f(the)h(`)p Fs(-o)p
Ft(')f(option)h(to)g(the)g Fs(set)f Ft(builtin)g(command)g(\(see)i
(Section)f(4.3.1)h([The)630 1479 y(Set)k(Builtin],)h(page)f(51\).)42
b(The)28 b(options)h(app)s(earing)f(in)g Fs(SHELLOPTS)e
Ft(are)j(those)h(rep)s(orted)630 1589 y(as)g(`)p Fs(on)p
Ft(')f(b)m(y)h(`)p Fs(set)g(-o)p Ft('.)40 b(If)29 b(this)h(v)-5
b(ariable)30 b(is)g(in)f(the)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g(when)f(Bash)h
(starts)g(up,)630 1698 y(eac)m(h)41 b(shell)e(option)h(in)f(the)h(list)
g(will)f(b)s(e)g(enabled)h(b)s(efore)f(reading)g(an)m(y)h(startup)f
(\014les.)630 1808 y(This)30 b(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(is)f(readonly)-8
b(.)150 1960 y Fs(SHLVL)240 b Ft(Incremen)m(ted)21 b(b)m(y)g(one)g(eac)
m(h)h(time)f(a)h(new)e(instance)h(of)g(Bash)g(is)g(started.)38
b(This)20 b(is)h(in)m(tended)630 2069 y(to)31 b(b)s(e)f(a)h(coun)m(t)g
(of)f(ho)m(w)h(deeply)f(y)m(our)g(Bash)h(shells)f(are)h(nested.)150
2221 y Fs(TIMEFORMAT)630 2330 y Ft(The)f(v)-5 b(alue)32
b(of)f(this)g(parameter)g(is)g(used)f(as)h(a)g(format)h(string)f(sp)s
(ecifying)f(ho)m(w)h(the)g(tim-)630 2440 y(ing)37 b(information)f(for)h
(pip)s(elines)f(pre\014xed)f(with)h(the)h Fs(time)e Ft(reserv)m(ed)i(w)
m(ord)f(should)g(b)s(e)630 2550 y(displa)m(y)m(ed.)k(The)27
b(`)p Fs(\045)p Ft(')h(c)m(haracter)h(in)m(tro)s(duces)e(an)h(escap)s
(e)g(sequence)g(that)g(is)f(expanded)g(to)630 2659 y(a)37
b(time)g(v)-5 b(alue)36 b(or)h(other)f(information.)59
b(The)36 b(escap)s(e)g(sequences)h(and)e(their)i(meanings)630
2769 y(are)31 b(as)f(follo)m(ws;)i(the)f(braces)f(denote)h(optional)h
(p)s(ortions.)630 2921 y Fs(\045\045)384 b Ft(A)30 b(literal)i(`)p
Fs(\045)p Ft('.)630 3072 y Fs(\045[)p Fi(p)11 b Fs(][l]R)85
b Ft(The)30 b(elapsed)h(time)g(in)f(seconds.)630 3224
y Fs(\045[)p Fi(p)11 b Fs(][l]U)85 b Ft(The)30 b(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)h
(CPU)g(seconds)h(sp)s(en)m(t)f(in)g(user)f(mo)s(de.)630
3376 y Fs(\045[)p Fi(p)11 b Fs(][l]S)85 b Ft(The)30 b(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f
(of)h(CPU)g(seconds)h(sp)s(en)m(t)f(in)g(system)g(mo)s(de.)630
3528 y Fs(\045P)384 b Ft(The)30 b(CPU)g(p)s(ercen)m(tage,)i(computed)e
(as)h(\(\045U)f Fs(+)g Ft(\045S\))g(/)h(\045R.)630 3679
y(The)23 b(optional)j Fq(p)g Ft(is)e(a)g(digit)h(sp)s(ecifying)e(the)h
(precision,)i(the)e(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)h(fractional)h(digits)630
3789 y(after)36 b(a)f(decimal)i(p)s(oin)m(t.)55 b(A)35
b(v)-5 b(alue)36 b(of)f(0)h(causes)g(no)f(decimal)h(p)s(oin)m(t)f(or)h
(fraction)g(to)g(b)s(e)630 3898 y(output.)48 b(A)m(t)34
b(most)f(three)g(places)h(after)f(the)g(decimal)h(p)s(oin)m(t)f(ma)m(y)
h(b)s(e)e(sp)s(eci\014ed;)i(v)-5 b(alues)630 4008 y(of)31
b Fq(p)h Ft(greater)g(than)e(3)h(are)f(c)m(hanged)h(to)g(3.)42
b(If)29 b Fq(p)k Ft(is)d(not)h(sp)s(eci\014ed,)f(the)h(v)-5
b(alue)30 b(3)h(is)g(used.)630 4139 y(The)54 b(optional)h
Fs(l)f Ft(sp)s(eci\014es)g(a)h(longer)f(format,)61 b(including)54
b(min)m(utes,)61 b(of)54 b(the)g(form)630 4248 y Fq(MM)10
b Ft(m)p Fq(SS)5 b Ft(.)p Fq(FF)i Ft(s.)102 b(The)50
b(v)-5 b(alue)51 b(of)g Fq(p)i Ft(determines)e(whether)f(or)h(not)f
(the)h(fraction)h(is)630 4358 y(included.)630 4489 y(If)30
b(this)g(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(is)g(not)f(set,)i(Bash)e(acts)h(as)g(if)f
(it)h(had)f(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)870 4619 y Fs
($'\\nreal\\t\0453lR\\nuser\\t\0453)o(lU\\n)o(sys\\)o(t\0453)o(lS')630
4750 y Ft(If)37 b(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)38 b(is)f(n)m(ull,)i(no)f(timing)f
(information)h(is)f(displa)m(y)m(ed.)62 b(A)37 b(trailing)i(newline)e
(is)630 4859 y(added)30 b(when)f(the)i(format)f(string)h(is)f(displa)m
(y)m(ed.)150 5011 y Fs(TMOUT)240 b Ft(If)22 b(set)h(to)g(a)g(v)-5
b(alue)23 b(greater)h(than)e(zero,)j Fs(TMOUT)d Ft(is)g(treated)i(as)e
(the)h(default)g(timeout)g(for)g(the)630 5121 y Fs(read)31
b Ft(builtin)h(\(see)h(Section)f(4.2)i([Bash)e(Builtins],)h(page)g
(41\).)47 b(The)32 b Fs(select)e Ft(command)630 5230
y(\(see)f(Section)h(3.2.4.2)g([Conditional)g(Constructs],)e(page)i
(10\))f(terminates)g(if)g(input)e(do)s(es)630 5340 y(not)k(arriv)m(e)g
(after)g Fs(TMOUT)e Ft(seconds)h(when)f(input)h(is)g(coming)h(from)f(a)
h(terminal.)p eop end
%%Page: 70 76
TeXDict begin 70 75 bop 150 -116 a Ft(70)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)630 299 y(In)25 b(an)h(in)m(teractiv)m(e)i
(shell,)g(the)e(v)-5 b(alue)26 b(is)g(in)m(terpreted)g(as)g(the)g(n)m
(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)h(seconds)f(to)i(w)m(ait)630 408 y(for)32
b(input)f(after)i(issuing)f(the)g(primary)g(prompt)f(when)g(the)i
(shell)f(is)h(in)m(teractiv)m(e.)49 b(Bash)630 518 y(terminates)31
b(after)g(that)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)i(seconds)f(if)g(input)g(do)s(es)
g(not)g(arriv)m(e.)150 677 y Fs(TMPDIR)192 b Ft(If)39
b(set,)j(Bash)e(uses)f(its)h(v)-5 b(alue)40 b(as)f(the)h(name)f(of)h(a)
g(directory)g(in)f(whic)m(h)g(Bash)h(creates)630 787
y(temp)s(orary)30 b(\014les)g(for)g(the)h(shell's)g(use.)150
946 y Fs(UID)336 b Ft(The)30 b(n)m(umeric)g(real)h(user)f(id)g(of)g
(the)h(curren)m(t)f(user.)40 b(This)30 b(v)-5 b(ariable)31
b(is)f(readonly)-8 b(.)p eop end
%%Page: 71 77
TeXDict begin 71 76 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2484 b(71)150 299 y Fo(6)80
b(Bash)54 b(F)-13 b(eatures)150 554 y Ft(This)30 b(section)h(describ)s
(es)f(features)g(unique)g(to)h(Bash.)150 797 y Fr(6.1)68
b(In)l(v)l(oking)46 b(Bash)390 957 y Fs(bash)h([long-opt])e([-ir])h
([-abefhkmnptuvxdBCDHP])c([-o)47 b Fi(option)11 b Fs(])45
b([-O)i Fi(shopt_option)11 b Fs(])44 b([)p Fi(ar-)390
1066 y(gument)57 b Fs(...)o(])390 1176 y(bash)47 b([long-opt])e
([-abefhkmnptuvxdBCDHP])c([-o)47 b Fi(option)11 b Fs(])46
b([-O)g Fi(shopt_option)11 b Fs(])44 b(-c)j Fi(string)57
b Fs([)p Fi(ar-)390 1286 y(gument)g Fs(...)o(])390 1395
y(bash)47 b([long-opt])e(-s)i([-abefhkmnptuvxdBCDHP])42
b([-o)k Fi(option)11 b Fs(])46 b([-O)h Fi(shopt_option)11
b Fs(])43 b([)p Fi(ar-)390 1505 y(gument)57 b Fs(...)o(])275
1646 y Ft(In)22 b(addition)i(to)g(the)g(single-c)m(haracter)i(shell)e
(command-line)g(options)f(\(see)i(Section)f(4.3.1)i([The)d(Set)150
1756 y(Builtin],)k(page)e(51\),)i(there)e(are)g(sev)m(eral)h(m)m
(ulti-c)m(haracter)h(options)e(that)g(y)m(ou)g(can)g(use.)38
b(These)25 b(options)150 1865 y(m)m(ust)30 b(app)s(ear)g(on)g(the)h
(command)f(line)h(b)s(efore)f(the)g(single-c)m(haracter)j(options)e(to)
g(b)s(e)f(recognized.)150 2035 y Fs(--debugger)630 2145
y Ft(Arrange)j(for)g(the)g(debugger)g(pro\014le)g(to)h(b)s(e)e
(executed)i(b)s(efore)f(the)g(shell)g(starts.)49 b(T)-8
b(urns)630 2255 y(on)25 b(extended)g(debugging)g(mo)s(de)f(\(see)i
(Section)g(4.3.2)h([The)d(Shopt)h(Builtin],)i(page)e(55)h(for)630
2364 y(a)35 b(description)f(of)h(the)g Fs(extdebug)d
Ft(option)j(to)g(the)f Fs(shopt)f Ft(builtin\))i(and)f(shell)g
(function)630 2474 y(tracing)d(\(see)g(Section)h(4.3.1)g([The)e(Set)g
(Builtin],)h(page)g(51)h(for)e(a)g(description)h(of)f(the)h
Fs(-o)630 2583 y(functrace)d Ft(option\).)150 2750 y
Fs(--dump-po-strings)630 2859 y Ft(A)37 b(list)g(of)f(all)i
(double-quoted)e(strings)g(preceded)g(b)m(y)h(`)p Fs($)p
Ft(')f(is)h(prin)m(ted)f(on)g(the)h(standard)630 2969
y(output)24 b(in)h(the)g Fl(gnu)f Fs(gettext)f Ft(PO)i(\(p)s(ortable)g
(ob)5 b(ject\))26 b(\014le)f(format.)39 b(Equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)26
b(to)f(`)p Fs(-D)p Ft(')630 3079 y(except)31 b(for)f(the)h(output)f
(format.)150 3245 y Fs(--dump-strings)630 3355 y Ft(Equiv)-5
b(alen)m(t)31 b(to)g(`)p Fs(-D)p Ft('.)150 3521 y Fs(--help)192
b Ft(Displa)m(y)32 b(a)e(usage)h(message)h(on)e(standard)g(output)g
(and)f(exit)j(successfully)-8 b(.)150 3688 y Fs(--init-file)27
b Fi(filename)150 3797 y Fs(--rcfile)h Fi(filename)630
3907 y Ft(Execute)42 b(commands)f(from)f Fq(\014lename)47
b Ft(\(instead)42 b(of)f(`)p Fs(~/.bashrc)p Ft('\))e(in)i(an)g(in)m
(teractiv)m(e)630 4016 y(shell.)150 4183 y Fs(--login)144
b Ft(Equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)31 b(to)g(`)p Fs(-l)p Ft('.)150
4349 y Fs(--noediting)630 4459 y Ft(Do)h(not)e(use)h(the)g
Fl(gnu)f Ft(Readline)i(library)e(\(see)h(Chapter)g(8)g([Command)f(Line)
g(Editing],)630 4569 y(page)h(93\))h(to)f(read)f(command)g(lines)h
(when)e(the)i(shell)f(is)h(in)m(teractiv)m(e.)150 4735
y Fs(--noprofile)630 4845 y Ft(Don't)h(load)f(the)g(system-wide)g
(startup)f(\014le)g(`)p Fs(/etc/profile)p Ft(')e(or)j(an)m(y)g(of)g
(the)f(p)s(ersonal)630 4954 y(initialization)g(\014les)d(`)p
Fs(~/.bash_profile)p Ft(',)e(`)p Fs(~/.bash_login)p Ft(',)g(or)i(`)p
Fs(~/.profile)p Ft(')e(when)630 5064 y(Bash)31 b(is)f(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)
i(as)e(a)h(login)g(shell.)150 5230 y Fs(--norc)192 b
Ft(Don't)31 b(read)g(the)f(`)p Fs(~/.bashrc)p Ft(')f(initialization)k
(\014le)d(in)g(an)h(in)m(teractiv)m(e)i(shell.)41 b(This)30
b(is)g(on)630 5340 y(b)m(y)g(default)h(if)f(the)h(shell)f(is)h(in)m(v)m
(ok)m(ed)h(as)e Fs(sh)p Ft(.)p eop end
%%Page: 72 78
TeXDict begin 72 77 bop 150 -116 a Ft(72)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fs(--posix)144 b Ft(Change)24
b(the)h(b)s(eha)m(vior)f(of)g(Bash)h(where)e(the)i(default)f(op)s
(eration)h(di\013ers)f(from)f(the)i Fl(posix)630 408
y Ft(standard)35 b(to)h(matc)m(h)g(the)g(standard.)55
b(This)35 b(is)h(in)m(tended)f(to)h(mak)m(e)h(Bash)f(b)s(eha)m(v)m(e)g
(as)g(a)630 518 y(strict)26 b(sup)s(erset)e(of)h(that)g(standard.)38
b(See)26 b(Section)f(6.11)i([Bash)e(POSIX)f(Mo)s(de],)j(page)f(84,)630
628 y(for)k(a)h(description)f(of)h(the)f(Bash)h Fl(posix)f
Ft(mo)s(de.)150 787 y Fs(--restricted)630 897 y Ft(Mak)m(e)54
b(the)e(shell)g(a)h(restricted)g(shell)f(\(see)h(Section)g(6.10)h([The)
d(Restricted)j(Shell],)630 1006 y(page)31 b(84\).)150
1166 y Fs(--verbose)630 1275 y Ft(Equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)31
b(to)g(`)p Fs(-v)p Ft('.)41 b(Prin)m(t)30 b(shell)h(input)e(lines)i(as)
g(they're)f(read.)150 1435 y Fs(--version)630 1544 y
Ft(Sho)m(w)e(v)m(ersion)g(information)g(for)g(this)g(instance)h(of)f
(Bash)g(on)g(the)g(standard)f(output)h(and)630 1654 y(exit)j
(successfully)-8 b(.)275 1813 y(There)28 b(are)i(sev)m(eral)g(single-c)
m(haracter)i(options)d(that)h(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)e(supplied)g(at)i(in)m(v)m
(o)s(cation)h(whic)m(h)e(are)150 1923 y(not)i(a)m(v)-5
b(ailable)32 b(with)e(the)h Fs(set)e Ft(builtin.)150
2082 y Fs(-c)h Fi(string)630 2192 y Ft(Read)23 b(and)f(execute)i
(commands)f(from)f Fq(string)31 b Ft(after)23 b(pro)s(cessing)f(the)h
(options,)i(then)e(exit.)630 2301 y(An)m(y)37 b(remaining)f(argumen)m
(ts)h(are)g(assigned)g(to)g(the)g(p)s(ositional)g(parameters,)i
(starting)630 2411 y(with)30 b Fs($0)p Ft(.)150 2570
y Fs(-i)384 b Ft(F)-8 b(orce)22 b(the)g(shell)f(to)g(run)f(in)m
(teractiv)m(ely)-8 b(.)41 b(In)m(teractiv)m(e)23 b(shells)e(are)h
(describ)s(ed)d(in)i(Section)h(6.3)630 2680 y([In)m(teractiv)m(e)33
b(Shells],)e(page)g(75.)150 2839 y Fs(-l)384 b Ft(Mak)m(e)33
b(this)e(shell)h(act)g(as)g(if)f(it)h(had)f(b)s(een)f(directly)i(in)m
(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(b)m(y)f(login.)44 b(When)31 b(the)h(shell)630
2949 y(is)37 b(in)m(teractiv)m(e,)43 b(this)37 b(is)g(equiv)-5
b(alen)m(t)39 b(to)f(starting)h(a)e(login)i(shell)e(with)g(`)p
Fs(exec)30 b(-l)g(bash)p Ft('.)630 3059 y(When)h(the)g(shell)h(is)f
(not)g(in)m(teractiv)m(e,)k(the)c(login)h(shell)g(startup)f(\014les)g
(will)g(b)s(e)g(executed.)630 3168 y(`)p Fs(exec)e(bash)h(-l)p
Ft(')43 b(or)h(`)p Fs(exec)29 b(bash)g(--login)p Ft(')42
b(will)i(replace)h(the)f(curren)m(t)f(shell)h(with)g(a)630
3278 y(Bash)26 b(login)g(shell.)39 b(See)26 b(Section)g(6.2)h([Bash)e
(Startup)g(Files],)j(page)e(73,)i(for)d(a)h(description)630
3387 y(of)31 b(the)f(sp)s(ecial)h(b)s(eha)m(vior)g(of)f(a)h(login)g
(shell.)150 3547 y Fs(-r)384 b Ft(Mak)m(e)54 b(the)e(shell)g(a)h
(restricted)g(shell)f(\(see)h(Section)g(6.10)h([The)d(Restricted)j
(Shell],)630 3656 y(page)31 b(84\).)150 3816 y Fs(-s)384
b Ft(If)24 b(this)h(option)h(is)f(presen)m(t,)h(or)f(if)g(no)f(argumen)
m(ts)i(remain)e(after)i(option)f(pro)s(cessing,)h(then)630
3925 y(commands)i(are)h(read)g(from)f(the)h(standard)f(input.)39
b(This)28 b(option)h(allo)m(ws)h(the)f(p)s(ositional)630
4035 y(parameters)i(to)g(b)s(e)f(set)g(when)g(in)m(v)m(oking)h(an)g(in)
m(teractiv)m(e)i(shell.)150 4194 y Fs(-D)384 b Ft(A)37
b(list)g(of)f(all)i(double-quoted)e(strings)g(preceded)g(b)m(y)h(`)p
Fs($)p Ft(')f(is)h(prin)m(ted)f(on)g(the)h(standard)630
4304 y(output.)63 b(These)38 b(are)g(the)g(strings)g(that)h(are)f(sub)5
b(ject)38 b(to)h(language)g(translation)g(when)630 4413
y(the)e(curren)m(t)g(lo)s(cale)h(is)f(not)g Fs(C)g Ft(or)f
Fs(POSIX)g Ft(\(see)h(Section)h(3.1.2.5)h([Lo)s(cale)g(T)-8
b(ranslation],)630 4523 y(page)31 b(7\).)42 b(This)29
b(implies)i(the)f(`)p Fs(-n)p Ft(')h(option;)g(no)f(commands)g(will)h
(b)s(e)e(executed.)150 4682 y Fs([-+]O)g([)p Fi(shopt_option)11
b Fs(])630 4792 y Fq(shopt)p 854 4792 28 4 v 40 w(option)44
b Ft(is)g(one)h(of)f(the)g(shell)h(options)f(accepted)h(b)m(y)f(the)h
Fs(shopt)d Ft(builtin)i(\(see)630 4902 y(Section)28 b(4.3.2)g([The)f
(Shopt)f(Builtin],)i(page)f(55\).)41 b(If)26 b Fq(shopt)p
2690 4902 V 40 w(option)h Ft(is)g(presen)m(t,)h(`)p Fs(-O)p
Ft(')f(sets)630 5011 y(the)40 b(v)-5 b(alue)40 b(of)f(that)h(option;)45
b(`)p Fs(+O)p Ft(')40 b(unsets)e(it.)69 b(If)39 b Fq(shopt)p
2631 5011 V 40 w(option)h Ft(is)f(not)h(supplied,)h(the)630
5121 y(names)e(and)g(v)-5 b(alues)40 b(of)g(the)g(shell)f(options)h
(accepted)h(b)m(y)e Fs(shopt)f Ft(are)i(prin)m(ted)f(on)h(the)630
5230 y(standard)33 b(output.)50 b(If)33 b(the)h(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation)i
(option)e(is)g(`)p Fs(+O)p Ft(',)g(the)g(output)f(is)h(displa)m(y)m(ed)
g(in)g(a)630 5340 y(format)d(that)g(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)e(reused)h(as)h
(input.)p eop end
%%Page: 73 79
TeXDict begin 73 78 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2484 b(73)150 299 y Fs(--)384
b Ft(A)38 b Fs(--)g Ft(signals)g(the)h(end)e(of)i(options)f(and)g
(disables)g(further)f(option)h(pro)s(cessing.)64 b(An)m(y)630
408 y(argumen)m(ts)31 b(after)g(the)f Fs(--)g Ft(are)h(treated)g(as)g
(\014lenames)f(and)g(argumen)m(ts.)275 567 y(A)d Fk(lo)-5
b(gin)35 b Ft(shell)27 b(is)g(one)h(whose)f(\014rst)f(c)m(haracter)j
(of)e(argumen)m(t)h(zero)f(is)h(`)p Fs(-)p Ft(',)g(or)f(one)g(in)m(v)m
(ok)m(ed)i(with)e(the)150 676 y(`)p Fs(--login)p Ft(')i(option.)275
810 y(An)24 b Fk(inter)-5 b(active)33 b Ft(shell)25 b(is)g(one)g
(started)g(without)g(non-option)h(argumen)m(ts,)g(unless)f(`)p
Fs(-s)p Ft(')f(is)h(sp)s(eci\014ed,)150 920 y(without)43
b(sp)s(ecifying)f(the)i(`)p Fs(-c)p Ft(')e(option,)47
b(and)42 b(whose)h(input)f(and)g(output)g(are)h(b)s(oth)g(connected)g
(to)150 1029 y(terminals)22 b(\(as)h(determined)f(b)m(y)g
Fs(isatty\(3\))p Ft(\),)f(or)i(one)f(started)g(with)g(the)g(`)p
Fs(-i)p Ft(')g(option.)39 b(See)22 b(Section)h(6.3)150
1139 y([In)m(teractiv)m(e)33 b(Shells],)e(page)g(75,)g(for)f(more)h
(information.)275 1273 y(If)38 b(argumen)m(ts)h(remain)g(after)g
(option)h(pro)s(cessing,)h(and)d(neither)h(the)g(`)p
Fs(-c)p Ft(')f(nor)h(the)g(`)p Fs(-s)p Ft(')f(option)150
1382 y(has)33 b(b)s(een)g(supplied,)h(the)g(\014rst)e(argumen)m(t)j(is)
e(assumed)g(to)h(b)s(e)f(the)h(name)g(of)g(a)g(\014le)g(con)m(taining)h
(shell)150 1492 y(commands)30 b(\(see)g(Section)h(3.8)g([Shell)f
(Scripts],)g(page)h(33\).)41 b(When)30 b(Bash)g(is)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)i
(in)d(this)h(fashion,)150 1601 y Fs($0)37 b Ft(is)g(set)h(to)h(the)e
(name)h(of)f(the)h(\014le,)i(and)c(the)i(p)s(ositional)g(parameters)g
(are)g(set)g(to)g(the)g(remaining)150 1711 y(argumen)m(ts.)h(Bash)26
b(reads)f(and)g(executes)h(commands)f(from)g(this)g(\014le,)i(then)e
(exits.)40 b(Bash's)25 b(exit)i(status)150 1821 y(is)f(the)h(exit)h
(status)e(of)h(the)g(last)g(command)f(executed)h(in)g(the)f(script.)40
b(If)26 b(no)g(commands)g(are)h(executed,)150 1930 y(the)k(exit)g
(status)g(is)f(0.)150 2161 y Fr(6.2)68 b(Bash)45 b(Startup)g(Files)150
2321 y Ft(This)23 b(section)j(describ)s(es)d(ho)m(w)i(Bash)f(executes)h
(its)g(startup)f(\014les.)38 b(If)24 b(an)m(y)h(of)f(the)h(\014les)f
(exist)h(but)e(cannot)150 2430 y(b)s(e)k(read,)i(Bash)f(rep)s(orts)f
(an)h(error.)39 b(Tildes)28 b(are)g(expanded)f(in)h(\014le)g(names)g
(as)g(describ)s(ed)e(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)j(under)150 2540
y(Tilde)h(Expansion)g(\(see)h(Section)h(3.5.2)g([Tilde)e(Expansion],)h
(page)g(19\).)275 2674 y(In)m(teractiv)m(e)h(shells)f(are)g(describ)s
(ed)e(in)h(Section)h(6.3)h([In)m(teractiv)m(e)h(Shells],)d(page)h(75.)
150 2872 y Fj(In)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)40 b(as)h(an)f(in)m(teractiv)m(e)f
(login)j(shell,)g(or)g(with)e(`)p Fh(--login)p Fj(')150
3019 y Ft(When)c(Bash)f(is)h(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(as)f(an)g(in)m
(teractiv)m(e)j(login)d(shell,)i(or)e(as)g(a)g(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)i
(shell)e(with)g(the)150 3128 y(`)p Fs(--login)p Ft(')j(option,)k(it)e
(\014rst)e(reads)h(and)g(executes)h(commands)f(from)f(the)i(\014le)f(`)
p Fs(/etc/profile)p Ft(',)g(if)150 3238 y(that)35 b(\014le)g(exists.)55
b(After)35 b(reading)g(that)g(\014le,)h(it)g(lo)s(oks)f(for)f(`)p
Fs(~/.bash_profile)p Ft(',)f(`)p Fs(~/.bash_login)p Ft(',)150
3348 y(and)28 b(`)p Fs(~/.profile)p Ft(',)f(in)i(that)g(order,)g(and)f
(reads)g(and)h(executes)h(commands)e(from)g(the)h(\014rst)f(one)h(that)
150 3457 y(exists)i(and)e(is)h(readable.)41 b(The)30
b(`)p Fs(--noprofile)p Ft(')d(option)k(ma)m(y)f(b)s(e)g(used)f(when)g
(the)h(shell)h(is)f(started)g(to)150 3567 y(inhibit)g(this)g(b)s(eha)m
(vior.)275 3701 y(When)72 b(a)i(login)g(shell)f(exits,)85
b(Bash)73 b(reads)g(and)g(executes)h(commands)f(from)g(the)g(\014le)150
3810 y(`)p Fs(~/.bash_logout)p Ft(',)27 b(if)k(it)f(exists.)150
4008 y Fj(In)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)40 b(as)h(an)f(in)m(teractiv)m(e)f
(non-login)k(shell)150 4155 y Ft(When)g(an)h(in)m(teractiv)m(e)i(shell)
e(that)g(is)f(not)h(a)g(login)g(shell)g(is)f(started,)48
b(Bash)c(reads)f(and)g(executes)150 4265 y(commands)24
b(from)f(`)p Fs(~/.bashrc)p Ft(',)h(if)g(that)g(\014le)g(exists.)40
b(This)23 b(ma)m(y)i(b)s(e)e(inhibited)g(b)m(y)h(using)g(the)g(`)p
Fs(--norc)p Ft(')150 4374 y(option.)52 b(The)33 b(`)p
Fs(--rcfile)28 b Fi(file)11 b Ft(')33 b(option)h(will)g(force)h(Bash)f
(to)h(read)e(and)h(execute)h(commands)e(from)150 4484
y Fq(\014le)j Ft(instead)30 b(of)h(`)p Fs(~/.bashrc)p
Ft('.)275 4618 y(So,)f(t)m(ypically)-8 b(,)33 b(y)m(our)d(`)p
Fs(~/.bash_profile)p Ft(')d(con)m(tains)32 b(the)e(line)390
4752 y Fs(if)47 b([)h(-f)f(~/.bashrc)e(];)i(then)g(.)g(~/.bashrc;)e(fi)
150 4885 y Ft(after)31 b(\(or)g(b)s(efore\))f(an)m(y)h(login-sp)s
(eci\014c)g(initializations.)150 5083 y Fj(In)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)40
b(non-in)m(teractiv)m(ely)150 5230 y Ft(When)33 b(Bash)g(is)g(started)h
(non-in)m(teractiv)m(ely)-8 b(,)37 b(to)d(run)e(a)h(shell)h(script,)g
(for)f(example,)i(it)e(lo)s(oks)h(for)f(the)150 5340
y(v)-5 b(ariable)35 b Fs(BASH_ENV)d Ft(in)i(the)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t,)h
(expands)e(its)g(v)-5 b(alue)35 b(if)g(it)g(app)s(ears)e(there,)j(and)e
(uses)g(the)p eop end
%%Page: 74 80
TeXDict begin 74 79 bop 150 -116 a Ft(74)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y(expanded)f(v)-5 b(alue)30
b(as)h(the)g(name)f(of)h(a)f(\014le)h(to)g(read)f(and)g(execute.)42
b(Bash)31 b(b)s(eha)m(v)m(es)g(as)g(if)f(the)g(follo)m(wing)150
408 y(command)g(w)m(ere)h(executed:)390 570 y Fs(if)47
b([)h(-n)f("$BASH_ENV")e(];)i(then)f(.)i("$BASH_ENV";)c(fi)150
732 y Ft(but)30 b(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(of)g(the)f Fs(PATH)f
Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)32 b(is)e(not)h(used)e(to)i(searc)m(h)g(for)f(the)h
(\014le)f(name.)275 893 y(As)38 b(noted)h(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e,)j(if)c(a)h
(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)i(shell)e(is)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(with)e(the)g
(`)p Fs(--login)p Ft(')g(option,)j(Bash)150 1003 y(attempts)31
b(to)g(read)g(and)e(execute)j(commands)e(from)g(the)h(login)g(shell)g
(startup)e(\014les.)150 1229 y Fj(In)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)40
b(with)g(name)h Fh(sh)150 1376 y Ft(If)c(Bash)g(is)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)i
(with)e(the)g(name)g Fs(sh)p Ft(,)i(it)f(tries)f(to)h(mimic)g(the)f
(startup)g(b)s(eha)m(vior)g(of)h(historical)150 1486
y(v)m(ersions)31 b(of)f Fs(sh)g Ft(as)h(closely)h(as)e(p)s(ossible,)g
(while)h(conforming)f(to)h(the)g Fl(posix)e Ft(standard)h(as)h(w)m
(ell.)275 1647 y(When)50 b(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)j(as)f(an)f(in)m(teractiv)m
(e)j(login)e(shell,)57 b(or)51 b(as)g(a)h(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)h
(shell)f(with)f(the)150 1757 y(`)p Fs(--login)p Ft(')39
b(option,)k(it)e(\014rst)e(attempts)i(to)g(read)f(and)g(execute)h
(commands)f(from)g(`)p Fs(/etc/profile)p Ft(')150 1867
y(and)d(`)p Fs(~/.profile)p Ft(',)g(in)g(that)h(order.)62
b(The)37 b(`)p Fs(--noprofile)p Ft(')e(option)j(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(used)g
(to)h(inhibit)f(this)150 1976 y(b)s(eha)m(vior.)82 b(When)44
b(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(as)g(an)f(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell)d(with)g(the)g
(name)g Fs(sh)p Ft(,)j(Bash)d(lo)s(oks)h(for)f(the)150
2086 y(v)-5 b(ariable)37 b Fs(ENV)p Ft(,)g(expands)e(its)i(v)-5
b(alue)36 b(if)g(it)h(is)f(de\014ned,)h(and)e(uses)h(the)g(expanded)g
(v)-5 b(alue)36 b(as)h(the)f(name)150 2195 y(of)i(a)h(\014le)g(to)g
(read)f(and)g(execute.)66 b(Since)38 b(a)h(shell)f(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)i
(as)f Fs(sh)e Ft(do)s(es)h(not)h(attempt)g(to)g(read)g(and)150
2305 y(execute)i(commands)e(from)g(an)m(y)h(other)g(startup)f(\014les,)
j(the)e(`)p Fs(--rcfile)p Ft(')d(option)j(has)g(no)f(e\013ect.)70
b(A)150 2415 y(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)32 b(shell)d(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h
(with)f(the)g(name)g Fs(sh)f Ft(do)s(es)g(not)i(attempt)g(to)f(read)g
(an)m(y)g(other)g(startup)150 2524 y(\014les.)275 2686
y(When)h(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(as)g Fs(sh)p Ft(,)f(Bash)h(en)m(ters)g
Fl(posix)e Ft(mo)s(de)h(after)h(the)g(startup)f(\014les)g(are)h(read.)
150 2912 y Fj(In)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)40 b(in)h Fg(posix)g Fj(mo)s(de)150
3059 y Ft(When)25 b(Bash)g(is)h(started)f(in)g Fl(posix)g
Ft(mo)s(de,)h(as)f(with)g(the)h(`)p Fs(--posix)p Ft(')d(command)i(line)
h(option,)h(it)f(follo)m(ws)150 3169 y(the)e Fl(posix)f
Ft(standard)h(for)f(startup)h(\014les.)38 b(In)24 b(this)g(mo)s(de,)h
(in)m(teractiv)m(e)i(shells)d(expand)f(the)h Fs(ENV)f
Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)150 3278 y(and)30 b(commands)g(are)g(read)h(and)e
(executed)j(from)d(the)i(\014le)f(whose)g(name)h(is)f(the)h(expanded)e
(v)-5 b(alue.)41 b(No)150 3388 y(other)31 b(startup)f(\014les)g(are)h
(read.)150 3614 y Fj(In)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)40 b(b)m(y)g(remote)h(shell)h
(daemon)150 3761 y Ft(Bash)36 b(attempts)h(to)g(determine)f(when)f(it)i
(is)f(b)s(eing)g(run)e(with)i(its)g(standard)g(input)f(connected)i(to)g
(a)150 3871 y(a)e(net)m(w)m(ork)h(connection,)h(as)e(if)g(b)m(y)g(the)g
(remote)g(shell)g(daemon,)i(usually)d Fs(rshd)p Ft(,)h(or)g(the)g
(secure)g(shell)150 3980 y(daemon)41 b Fs(sshd)p Ft(.)70
b(If)40 b(Bash)h(determines)f(it)h(is)g(b)s(eing)f(run)f(in)i(this)f
(fashion,)j(it)e(reads)g(and)f(executes)150 4090 y(commands)26
b(from)f(`)p Fs(~/.bashrc)p Ft(',)g(if)i(that)f(\014le)g(exists)h(and)f
(is)g(readable.)40 b(It)26 b(will)g(not)g(do)g(this)g(if)g(in)m(v)m(ok)
m(ed)150 4200 y(as)g Fs(sh)p Ft(.)39 b(The)25 b(`)p Fs(--norc)p
Ft(')g(option)h(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(used)g(to)i(inhibit)e(this)h(b)s(eha)m
(vior,)h(and)e(the)h(`)p Fs(--rcfile)p Ft(')e(option)150
4309 y(ma)m(y)33 b(b)s(e)g(used)f(to)h(force)h(another)f(\014le)g(to)g
(b)s(e)g(read,)g(but)f Fs(rshd)g Ft(do)s(es)h(not)g(generally)h(in)m(v)
m(ok)m(e)h(the)e(shell)150 4419 y(with)d(those)h(options)g(or)f(allo)m
(w)i(them)e(to)h(b)s(e)f(sp)s(eci\014ed.)150 4645 y Fj(In)m(v)m(ok)m
(ed)40 b(with)g(unequal)h(e\013ectiv)m(e)e(and)i(real)g
Fg(uid/gid)p Fj(s)150 4792 y Ft(If)34 b(Bash)h(is)g(started)g(with)f
(the)h(e\013ectiv)m(e)i(user)d(\(group\))h(id)f(not)h(equal)g(to)g(the)
g(real)g(user)f(\(group\))h(id,)150 4902 y(and)26 b(the)i
Fs(-p)e Ft(option)h(is)g(not)h(supplied,)e(no)h(startup)g(\014les)g
(are)g(read,)h(shell)f(functions)g(are)g(not)g(inherited)150
5011 y(from)41 b(the)g(en)m(vironmen)m(t,)j(the)d Fs(SHELLOPTS)p
Ft(,)h Fs(BASHOPTS)p Ft(,)g Fs(CDPATH)p Ft(,)g(and)e
Fs(GLOBIGNORE)e Ft(v)-5 b(ariables,)45 b(if)150 5121
y(they)28 b(app)s(ear)f(in)h(the)g(en)m(vironmen)m(t,)i(are)e(ignored,)
h(and)e(the)h(e\013ectiv)m(e)j(user)c(id)h(is)g(set)g(to)h(the)f(real)h
(user)150 5230 y(id.)62 b(If)38 b(the)f Fs(-p)h Ft(option)g(is)f
(supplied)g(at)h(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation,)k(the)c(startup)f(b)s(eha)m(vior)
h(is)g(the)g(same,)i(but)d(the)150 5340 y(e\013ectiv)m(e)c(user)d(id)g
(is)g(not)h(reset.)p eop end
%%Page: 75 81
TeXDict begin 75 80 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2484 b(75)150 299 y Fr(6.3)68
b(In)l(teractiv)l(e)47 b(Shells)150 520 y Fj(6.3.1)63
b(What)40 b(is)h(an)g(In)m(teractiv)m(e)e(Shell?)150
667 y Ft(An)c(in)m(teractiv)m(e)k(shell)d(is)g(one)g(started)g(without)
f(non-option)h(argumen)m(ts,)i(unless)d(`)p Fs(-s)p Ft(')h(is)f(sp)s
(eci\014ed,)150 777 y(without)f(sp)s(ecifying)h(the)f(`)p
Fs(-c)p Ft(')g(option,)j(and)c(whose)h(input)g(and)g(error)g(output)g
(are)g(b)s(oth)g(connected)150 886 y(to)d(terminals)g(\(as)g
(determined)f(b)m(y)g Fs(isatty\(3\))p Ft(\),)f(or)h(one)h(started)f
(with)g(the)h(`)p Fs(-i)p Ft(')f(option.)275 1018 y(An)g(in)m(teractiv)
m(e)j(shell)d(generally)i(reads)e(from)g(and)g(writes)g(to)h(a)g
(user's)f(terminal.)275 1150 y(The)e(`)p Fs(-s)p Ft(')i(in)m(v)m(o)s
(cation)h(option)f(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(used)f(to)i(set)g(the)g(p)s
(ositional)g(parameters)f(when)g(an)g(in)m(ter-)150 1259
y(activ)m(e)k(shell)d(is)h(started.)150 1453 y Fj(6.3.2)63
b(Is)41 b(this)g(Shell)g(In)m(teractiv)m(e?)150 1600
y Ft(T)-8 b(o)30 b(determine)g(within)f(a)h(startup)g(script)f(whether)
g(or)h(not)g(Bash)g(is)g(running)e(in)m(teractiv)m(ely)-8
b(,)33 b(test)e(the)150 1710 y(v)-5 b(alue)30 b(of)g(the)f(`)p
Fs(-)p Ft(')h(sp)s(ecial)g(parameter.)41 b(It)29 b(con)m(tains)i
Fs(i)e Ft(when)g(the)g(shell)h(is)f(in)m(teractiv)m(e.)44
b(F)-8 b(or)30 b(example:)390 1841 y Fs(case)47 b("$-")f(in)390
1951 y(*i*\))h(echo)f(This)h(shell)f(is)h(interactive)e(;;)390
2061 y(*\))i(echo)g(This)f(shell)h(is)g(not)g(interactive)e(;;)390
2170 y(esac)275 2302 y Ft(Alternativ)m(ely)-8 b(,)28
b(startup)23 b(scripts)h(ma)m(y)g(examine)g(the)g(v)-5
b(ariable)25 b Fs(PS1)p Ft(;)g(it)g(is)e(unset)h(in)f(non-in)m
(teractiv)m(e)150 2411 y(shells,)31 b(and)e(set)i(in)f(in)m(teractiv)m
(e)k(shells.)40 b(Th)m(us:)390 2543 y Fs(if)47 b([)h(-z)f("$PS1")f(];)h
(then)772 2653 y(echo)f(This)h(shell)f(is)i(not)f(interactive)390
2762 y(else)772 2872 y(echo)f(This)h(shell)f(is)i(interactive)390
2981 y(fi)150 3175 y Fj(6.3.3)63 b(In)m(teractiv)m(e)38
b(Shell)k(Beha)m(vior)150 3322 y Ft(When)30 b(the)h(shell)f(is)h
(running)d(in)m(teractiv)m(ely)-8 b(,)34 b(it)d(c)m(hanges)h(its)f(b)s
(eha)m(vior)f(in)g(sev)m(eral)i(w)m(a)m(ys.)199 3454
y(1.)61 b(Startup)37 b(\014les)g(are)h(read)f(and)g(executed)h(as)f
(describ)s(ed)g(in)g(Section)h(6.2)g([Bash)g(Startup)e(Files],)330
3563 y(page)31 b(73.)199 3695 y(2.)61 b(Job)35 b(Con)m(trol)g(\(see)h
(Chapter)f(7)g([Job)g(Con)m(trol],)i(page)f(89\))g(is)f(enabled)g(b)m
(y)g(default.)55 b(When)34 b(job)330 3805 y(con)m(trol)h(is)f(in)f
(e\013ect,)k(Bash)d(ignores)g(the)g(k)m(eyb)s(oard-generated)h(job)e
(con)m(trol)i(signals)g Fs(SIGTTIN)p Ft(,)330 3914 y
Fs(SIGTTOU)p Ft(,)29 b(and)g Fs(SIGTSTP)p Ft(.)199 4046
y(3.)61 b(Bash)39 b(expands)f(and)g(displa)m(ys)h Fs(PS1)f
Ft(b)s(efore)h(reading)g(the)g(\014rst)f(line)h(of)g(a)g(command,)i
(and)d(ex-)330 4156 y(pands)30 b(and)g(displa)m(ys)h
Fs(PS2)e Ft(b)s(efore)i(reading)g(the)g(second)f(and)h(subsequen)m(t)f
(lines)h(of)g(a)g(m)m(ulti-line)330 4265 y(command.)199
4397 y(4.)61 b(Bash)26 b(executes)i(the)e(v)-5 b(alue)27
b(of)f(the)h Fs(PROMPT_COMMAND)22 b Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)27
b(as)g(a)f(command)g(b)s(efore)g(prin)m(ting)330 4506
y(the)31 b(primary)e(prompt,)h Fs($PS1)f Ft(\(see)i(Section)g(5.2)h
([Bash)f(V)-8 b(ariables],)32 b(page)f(61\).)199 4638
y(5.)61 b(Readline)30 b(\(see)h(Chapter)e(8)h([Command)e(Line)i
(Editing],)g(page)g(93\))h(is)f(used)f(to)h(read)f(commands)330
4748 y(from)h(the)g(user's)g(terminal.)199 4879 y(6.)61
b(Bash)36 b(insp)s(ects)g(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)37 b(of)f(the)g
Fs(ignoreeof)e Ft(option)j(to)g Fs(set)29 b(-o)36 b Ft(instead)h(of)f
(exiting)i(imme-)330 4989 y(diately)f(when)e(it)i(receiv)m(es)h(an)e
Fs(EOF)f Ft(on)h(its)g(standard)f(input)g(when)h(reading)g(a)g(command)
g(\(see)330 5099 y(Section)31 b(4.3.1)h([The)e(Set)h(Builtin],)g(page)g
(51\).)199 5230 y(7.)61 b(Command)43 b(history)h(\(see)h(Section)g(9.1)
g([Bash)f(History)h(F)-8 b(acilities],)51 b(page)45 b(121\))h(and)d
(history)330 5340 y(expansion)23 b(\(see)i(Section)f(9.3)h([History)f
(In)m(teraction],)j(page)d(123\))h(are)f(enabled)g(b)m(y)f(default.)39
b(Bash)p eop end
%%Page: 76 82
TeXDict begin 76 81 bop 150 -116 a Ft(76)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)330 299 y(will)23 b(sa)m(v)m(e)i(the)e(command)
f(history)h(to)h(the)f(\014le)g(named)f(b)m(y)h Fs($HISTFILE)d
Ft(when)i(an)h(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell)330 408 y(exits.)199
543 y(8.)61 b(Alias)31 b(expansion)g(\(see)g(Section)g(6.6)g
([Aliases],)i(page)e(79\))h(is)e(p)s(erformed)f(b)m(y)h(default.)199
678 y(9.)61 b(In)24 b(the)g(absence)h(of)f(an)m(y)h(traps,)g(Bash)g
(ignores)f Fs(SIGTERM)f Ft(\(see)i(Section)g(3.7.6)h([Signals],)g(page)
f(32\).)154 813 y(10.)61 b(In)26 b(the)h(absence)h(of)f(an)m(y)g
(traps,)g Fs(SIGINT)e Ft(is)i(caugh)m(t)h(and)f(handled)e(\(\(see)k
(Section)e(3.7.6)i([Signals],)330 923 y(page)i(32\).)42
b Fs(SIGINT)29 b Ft(will)h(in)m(terrupt)g(some)h(shell)g(builtins.)154
1058 y(11.)61 b(An)40 b(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(login)e(shell)g(sends)e(a)i
Fs(SIGHUP)d Ft(to)j(all)g(jobs)f(on)g(exit)h(if)g(the)f
Fs(huponexit)e Ft(shell)330 1167 y(option)31 b(has)f(b)s(een)g(enabled)
g(\(see)h(Section)g(3.7.6)i([Signals],)e(page)g(32\).)154
1302 y(12.)61 b(The)26 b(`)p Fs(-n)p Ft(')f(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation)k
(option)d(is)g(ignored,)h(and)f(`)p Fs(set)k(-n)p Ft(')25
b(has)h(no)g(e\013ect)i(\(see)e(Section)h(4.3.1)h([The)330
1412 y(Set)j(Builtin],)g(page)g(51\).)154 1547 y(13.)61
b(Bash)32 b(will)g(c)m(hec)m(k)i(for)e(mail)g(p)s(erio)s(dically)-8
b(,)34 b(dep)s(ending)c(on)i(the)g(v)-5 b(alues)32 b(of)g(the)h
Fs(MAIL)p Ft(,)e Fs(MAILPATH)p Ft(,)330 1656 y(and)f
Fs(MAILCHECK)e Ft(shell)i(v)-5 b(ariables)31 b(\(see)h(Section)f(5.2)g
([Bash)g(V)-8 b(ariables],)32 b(page)f(61\).)154 1791
y(14.)61 b(Expansion)32 b(errors)h(due)f(to)i(references)f(to)h(un)m(b)
s(ound)c(shell)j(v)-5 b(ariables)34 b(after)g(`)p Fs(set)29
b(-u)p Ft(')k(has)g(b)s(een)330 1901 y(enabled)d(will)h(not)g(cause)g
(the)f(shell)h(to)g(exit)g(\(see)g(Section)h(4.3.1)g([The)e(Set)h
(Builtin],)g(page)g(51\).)154 2036 y(15.)61 b(The)48
b(shell)h(will)f(not)h(exit)g(on)g(expansion)f(errors)g(caused)g(b)m(y)
h Fq(v)-5 b(ar)54 b Ft(b)s(eing)48 b(unset)g(or)h(n)m(ull)f(in)330
2146 y Fs(${)p Fi(var)11 b Fs(:?)p Fi(word)g Fs(})26
b Ft(expansions)k(\(see)h(Section)h(3.5.3)g([Shell)e(P)m(arameter)i
(Expansion],)e(page)h(19\).)154 2280 y(16.)61 b(Redirection)31
b(errors)f(encoun)m(tered)h(b)m(y)f(shell)h(builtins)f(will)g(not)h
(cause)g(the)f(shell)h(to)g(exit.)154 2415 y(17.)61 b(When)26
b(running)f(in)i Fl(posix)e Ft(mo)s(de,)j(a)f(sp)s(ecial)g(builtin)f
(returning)g(an)g(error)h(status)g(will)g(not)f(cause)330
2525 y(the)31 b(shell)f(to)h(exit)h(\(see)f(Section)g(6.11)h([Bash)f
(POSIX)e(Mo)s(de],)i(page)g(84\).)154 2660 y(18.)61 b(A)34
b(failed)g Fs(exec)f Ft(will)h(not)g(cause)g(the)g(shell)g(to)g(exit)h
(\(see)f(Section)h(4.1)g([Bourne)f(Shell)f(Builtins],)330
2770 y(page)e(35\).)154 2904 y(19.)61 b(P)m(arser)31
b(syn)m(tax)f(errors)g(will)h(not)g(cause)g(the)f(shell)h(to)g(exit.)
154 3039 y(20.)61 b(Simple)21 b(sp)s(elling)h(correction)g(for)g
(directory)g(argumen)m(ts)f(to)i(the)e Fs(cd)g Ft(builtin)g(is)h
(enabled)f(b)m(y)h(default)330 3149 y(\(see)35 b(the)g(description)f
(of)h(the)f Fs(cdspell)f Ft(option)h(to)i(the)e Fs(shopt)f
Ft(builtin)h(in)g(Section)h(4.3.2)h([The)330 3259 y(Shopt)30
b(Builtin],)h(page)g(55\).)154 3394 y(21.)61 b(The)42
b(shell)h(will)g(c)m(hec)m(k)h(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)43 b(of)f(the)h
Fs(TMOUT)e Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)44 b(and)e(exit)h(if)g(a)g(command)f(is)h
(not)330 3503 y(read)30 b(within)g(the)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(n)m(um)m(b)s
(er)g(of)i(seconds)f(after)g(prin)m(ting)g Fs($PS1)f
Ft(\(see)i(Section)g(5.2)h([Bash)330 3613 y(V)-8 b(ariables],)32
b(page)f(61\).)150 3847 y Fr(6.4)68 b(Bash)45 b(Conditional)h
(Expressions)150 4006 y Ft(Conditional)26 b(expressions)g(are)g(used)f
(b)m(y)g(the)h Fs([[)f Ft(comp)s(ound)g(command)g(and)g(the)h
Fs(test)f Ft(and)g Fs([)g Ft(builtin)150 4116 y(commands.)275
4251 y(Expressions)32 b(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)g(unary)f(or)h(binary)-8
b(.)48 b(Unary)33 b(expressions)f(are)i(often)f(used)f(to)i(examine)g
(the)150 4361 y(status)26 b(of)g(a)h(\014le.)39 b(There)26
b(are)g(string)g(op)s(erators)g(and)g(n)m(umeric)f(comparison)i(op)s
(erators)f(as)g(w)m(ell.)40 b(If)26 b(the)150 4470 y
Fq(\014le)38 b Ft(argumen)m(t)c(to)f(one)h(of)f(the)g(primaries)g(is)g
(of)g(the)g(form)g(`)p Fs(/dev/fd/)p Fi(N)11 b Ft(',)31
b(then)i(\014le)g(descriptor)g Fq(N)43 b Ft(is)150 4580
y(c)m(hec)m(k)m(ed.)e(If)26 b(the)g Fq(\014le)31 b Ft(argumen)m(t)26
b(to)h(one)f(of)g(the)h(primaries)e(is)h(one)g(of)g(`)p
Fs(/dev/stdin)p Ft(',)f(`)p Fs(/dev/stdout)p Ft(',)150
4689 y(or)30 b(`)p Fs(/dev/stderr)p Ft(',)e(\014le)j(descriptor)f(0,)h
(1,)g(or)g(2,)g(resp)s(ectiv)m(ely)-8 b(,)32 b(is)e(c)m(hec)m(k)m(ed.)
275 4825 y(When)h(used)g(with)g(`)p Fs([[)p Ft(',)h(The)f(`)p
Fs(<)p Ft(')h(and)f(`)p Fs(>)p Ft(')g(op)s(erators)h(sort)g
(lexicographically)i(using)d(the)h(curren)m(t)150 4934
y(lo)s(cale.)275 5070 y(Unless)44 b(otherwise)h(sp)s(eci\014ed,)j
(primaries)c(that)h(op)s(erate)g(on)g(\014les)f(follo)m(w)i(sym)m(b)s
(olic)f(links)g(and)150 5179 y(op)s(erate)31 b(on)f(the)h(target)h(of)e
(the)h(link,)f(rather)h(than)f(the)g(link)h(itself.)150
5340 y Fs(-a)f Fi(file)162 b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g
Fq(\014le)36 b Ft(exists.)p eop end
%%Page: 77 83
TeXDict begin 77 82 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2484 b(77)150 299 y Fs(-b)30
b Fi(file)162 b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g Fq(\014le)36
b Ft(exists)31 b(and)f(is)g(a)h(blo)s(c)m(k)g(sp)s(ecial)g(\014le.)150
461 y Fs(-c)f Fi(file)162 b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g Fq(\014le)36
b Ft(exists)31 b(and)f(is)g(a)h(c)m(haracter)h(sp)s(ecial)f(\014le.)150
623 y Fs(-d)f Fi(file)162 b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g Fq(\014le)36
b Ft(exists)31 b(and)f(is)g(a)h(directory)-8 b(.)150
785 y Fs(-e)30 b Fi(file)162 b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g
Fq(\014le)36 b Ft(exists.)150 948 y Fs(-f)30 b Fi(file)162
b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g Fq(\014le)36 b Ft(exists)31
b(and)f(is)g(a)h(regular)f(\014le.)150 1110 y Fs(-g)g
Fi(file)162 b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g Fq(\014le)36 b
Ft(exists)31 b(and)f(its)g(set-group-id)h(bit)g(is)f(set.)150
1272 y Fs(-h)g Fi(file)162 b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g
Fq(\014le)36 b Ft(exists)31 b(and)f(is)g(a)h(sym)m(b)s(olic)g(link.)150
1434 y Fs(-k)f Fi(file)162 b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g
Fq(\014le)36 b Ft(exists)31 b(and)f(its)g Fs(")p Ft(stic)m(ky)p
Fs(")h Ft(bit)g(is)f(set.)150 1596 y Fs(-p)g Fi(file)162
b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g Fq(\014le)36 b Ft(exists)31
b(and)f(is)g(a)h(named)f(pip)s(e)f(\(FIF)m(O\).)150 1759
y Fs(-r)h Fi(file)162 b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g Fq(\014le)36
b Ft(exists)31 b(and)f(is)g(readable.)150 1921 y Fs(-s)g
Fi(file)162 b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g Fq(\014le)36 b
Ft(exists)31 b(and)f(has)g(a)g(size)i(greater)f(than)f(zero.)150
2083 y Fs(-t)g Fi(fd)258 b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g(\014le)h(descriptor)
f Fq(fd)j Ft(is)e(op)s(en)e(and)h(refers)g(to)h(a)g(terminal.)150
2245 y Fs(-u)f Fi(file)162 b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g
Fq(\014le)36 b Ft(exists)31 b(and)f(its)g(set-user-id)h(bit)f(is)h
(set.)150 2407 y Fs(-w)f Fi(file)162 b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30
b(if)g Fq(\014le)36 b Ft(exists)31 b(and)f(is)g(writable.)150
2570 y Fs(-x)g Fi(file)162 b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g
Fq(\014le)36 b Ft(exists)31 b(and)f(is)g(executable.)150
2732 y Fs(-O)g Fi(file)162 b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g
Fq(\014le)36 b Ft(exists)31 b(and)f(is)g(o)m(wned)g(b)m(y)h(the)f
(e\013ectiv)m(e)j(user)d(id.)150 2894 y Fs(-G)g Fi(file)162
b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g Fq(\014le)36 b Ft(exists)31
b(and)f(is)g(o)m(wned)g(b)m(y)h(the)f(e\013ectiv)m(e)j(group)d(id.)150
3056 y Fs(-L)g Fi(file)162 b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g
Fq(\014le)36 b Ft(exists)31 b(and)f(is)g(a)h(sym)m(b)s(olic)g(link.)150
3218 y Fs(-S)f Fi(file)162 b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g
Fq(\014le)36 b Ft(exists)31 b(and)f(is)g(a)h(so)s(c)m(k)m(et.)150
3381 y Fs(-N)f Fi(file)162 b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g
Fq(\014le)36 b Ft(exists)31 b(and)f(has)g(b)s(een)f(mo)s(di\014ed)h
(since)g(it)h(w)m(as)g(last)g(read.)150 3543 y Fi(file1)39
b Fs(-nt)30 b Fi(file2)630 3652 y Ft(T)-8 b(rue)23 b(if)g
Fq(\014le1)31 b Ft(is)24 b(new)m(er)f(\(according)i(to)f(mo)s
(di\014cation)g(date\))g(than)g Fq(\014le2)7 b Ft(,)25
b(or)f(if)f Fq(\014le1)31 b Ft(exists)630 3762 y(and)f
Fq(\014le2)38 b Ft(do)s(es)30 b(not.)150 3924 y Fi(file1)39
b Fs(-ot)30 b Fi(file2)630 4034 y Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g
Fq(\014le1)38 b Ft(is)31 b(older)f(than)g Fq(\014le2)7
b Ft(,)32 b(or)e(if)h Fq(\014le2)38 b Ft(exists)31 b(and)e
Fq(\014le1)39 b Ft(do)s(es)30 b(not.)150 4196 y Fi(file1)39
b Fs(-ef)30 b Fi(file2)630 4305 y Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g
Fq(\014le1)38 b Ft(and)30 b Fq(\014le2)38 b Ft(refer)30
b(to)i(the)e(same)h(device)g(and)f(ino)s(de)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(ers.)150
4468 y Fs(-o)g Fi(optname)630 4577 y Ft(T)-8 b(rue)41
b(if)g(shell)g(option)h Fq(optname)47 b Ft(is)41 b(enabled.)73
b(The)41 b(list)h(of)f(options)g(app)s(ears)g(in)g(the)630
4687 y(description)h(of)f(the)h(`)p Fs(-o)p Ft(')f(option)h(to)h(the)e
Fs(set)g Ft(builtin)g(\(see)i(Section)f(4.3.1)h([The)f(Set)630
4796 y(Builtin],)31 b(page)g(51\).)150 4959 y Fs(-z)f
Fi(string)630 5068 y Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g(the)h(length)g(of)f
Fq(string)38 b Ft(is)31 b(zero.)150 5230 y Fs(-n)f Fi(string)150
5340 y(string)192 b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g(the)h(length)g(of)f
Fq(string)38 b Ft(is)31 b(non-zero.)p eop end
%%Page: 78 84
TeXDict begin 78 83 bop 150 -116 a Ft(78)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fi(string1)39 b Fs(==)30
b Fi(string2)150 408 y(string1)39 b Fs(=)30 b Fi(string2)630
518 y Ft(T)-8 b(rue)35 b(if)h(the)g(strings)g(are)g(equal.)58
b(`)p Fs(=)p Ft(')36 b(should)f(b)s(e)g(used)g(with)h(the)g
Fs(test)f Ft(command)g(for)630 628 y Fl(posix)30 b Ft(conformance.)150
790 y Fi(string1)39 b Fs(!=)30 b Fi(string2)630 899 y
Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g(the)h(strings)f(are)h(not)f(equal.)150
1061 y Fi(string1)39 b Fs(<)30 b Fi(string2)630 1171
y Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g Fq(string1)38 b Ft(sorts)31
b(b)s(efore)f Fq(string2)38 b Ft(lexicographically)-8
b(.)150 1333 y Fi(string1)39 b Fs(>)30 b Fi(string2)630
1442 y Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g Fq(string1)38 b Ft(sorts)31
b(after)g Fq(string2)38 b Ft(lexicographically)-8 b(.)150
1604 y Fi(arg1)40 b Fs(OP)29 b Fi(arg2)630 1714 y Fs(OP)k
Ft(is)h(one)g(of)h(`)p Fs(-eq)p Ft(',)f(`)p Fs(-ne)p
Ft(',)h(`)p Fs(-lt)p Ft(',)g(`)p Fs(-le)p Ft(',)f(`)p
Fs(-gt)p Ft(',)h(or)f(`)p Fs(-ge)p Ft('.)51 b(These)34
b(arithmetic)h(binary)630 1823 y(op)s(erators)h(return)e(true)i(if)f
Fq(arg1)44 b Ft(is)36 b(equal)g(to,)i(not)e(equal)g(to,)i(less)e(than,)
h(less)f(than)f(or)630 1933 y(equal)28 b(to,)h(greater)g(than,)f(or)f
(greater)i(than)e(or)h(equal)g(to)g Fq(arg2)7 b Ft(,)30
b(resp)s(ectiv)m(ely)-8 b(.)41 b Fq(Arg1)36 b Ft(and)630
2043 y Fq(arg2)j Ft(ma)m(y)30 b(b)s(e)g(p)s(ositiv)m(e)i(or)e(negativ)m
(e)j(in)m(tegers.)150 2279 y Fr(6.5)68 b(Shell)45 b(Arithmetic)150
2438 y Ft(The)35 b(shell)g(allo)m(ws)i(arithmetic)f(expressions)f(to)h
(b)s(e)f(ev)-5 b(aluated,)38 b(as)d(one)h(of)f(the)h(shell)f
(expansions)g(or)150 2548 y(b)m(y)30 b(the)h Fs(let)e
Ft(and)h(the)h(`)p Fs(-i)p Ft(')f(option)h(to)g(the)f
Fs(declare)f Ft(builtins.)275 2685 y(Ev)-5 b(aluation)27
b(is)g(done)f(in)g(\014xed-width)g(in)m(tegers)i(with)e(no)h(c)m(hec)m
(k)h(for)e(o)m(v)m(er\015o)m(w,)j(though)d(division)h(b)m(y)150
2795 y(0)g(is)g(trapp)s(ed)f(and)h(\015agged)g(as)h(an)f(error.)39
b(The)26 b(op)s(erators)h(and)g(their)g(precedence,)h(asso)s(ciativit)m
(y)-8 b(,)32 b(and)150 2904 y(v)-5 b(alues)35 b(are)h(the)f(same)g(as)h
(in)e(the)h(C)g(language.)56 b(The)35 b(follo)m(wing)h(list)g(of)f(op)s
(erators)g(is)g(group)s(ed)f(in)m(to)150 3014 y(lev)m(els)27
b(of)f(equal-precedence)i(op)s(erators.)39 b(The)25 b(lev)m(els)j(are)e
(listed)h(in)e(order)h(of)g(decreasing)g(precedence.)150
3177 y Fi(id)11 b Fs(++)29 b Fi(id)11 b Fs(--)630 3287
y Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(p)s(ost-incremen)m(t)g(and)f(p)s(ost-decremen)
m(t)150 3449 y Fs(++)p Fi(id)40 b Fs(--)p Fi(id)630 3558
y Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(pre-incremen)m(t)g(and)f(pre-decremen)m(t)150
3720 y Fs(-)g(+)354 b Ft(unary)29 b(min)m(us)h(and)g(plus)150
3882 y Fs(!)g(~)354 b Ft(logical)33 b(and)d(bit)m(wise)h(negation)150
4044 y Fs(**)384 b Ft(exp)s(onen)m(tiation)150 4206 y
Fs(*)30 b(/)g(\045)276 b Ft(m)m(ultiplication,)33 b(division,)d
(remainder)150 4368 y Fs(+)g(-)354 b Ft(addition,)31
b(subtraction)150 4530 y Fs(<<)f(>>)258 b Ft(left)31
b(and)f(righ)m(t)h(bit)m(wise)g(shifts)150 4692 y Fs(<=)f(>=)g(<)g(>)
102 b Ft(comparison)150 4854 y Fs(==)30 b(!=)258 b Ft(equalit)m(y)32
b(and)e(inequalit)m(y)150 5016 y Fs(&)432 b Ft(bit)m(wise)31
b(AND)150 5178 y Fs(^)432 b Ft(bit)m(wise)31 b(exclusiv)m(e)h(OR)150
5340 y Fs(|)432 b Ft(bit)m(wise)31 b(OR)p eop end
%%Page: 79 85
TeXDict begin 79 84 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2484 b(79)150 299 y Fs(&&)384
b Ft(logical)33 b(AND)150 446 y Fs(||)384 b Ft(logical)33
b(OR)150 592 y Fs(expr)c(?)h(expr)f(:)h(expr)630 702
y Ft(conditional)i(op)s(erator)150 849 y Fs(=)e(*=)g(/=)g(\045=)f(+=)h
(-=)g(<<=)f(>>=)h(&=)g(^=)f(|=)630 958 y Ft(assignmen)m(t)150
1105 y Fs(expr1)g(,)h(expr2)630 1214 y Ft(comma)275 1361
y(Shell)38 b(v)-5 b(ariables)39 b(are)g(allo)m(w)m(ed)i(as)e(op)s
(erands;)i(parameter)e(expansion)g(is)f(p)s(erformed)g(b)s(efore)g(the)
150 1471 y(expression)g(is)g(ev)-5 b(aluated.)66 b(Within)38
b(an)h(expression,)h(shell)e(v)-5 b(ariables)39 b(ma)m(y)g(also)g(b)s
(e)f(referenced)g(b)m(y)150 1580 y(name)31 b(without)f(using)g(the)h
(parameter)g(expansion)f(syn)m(tax.)42 b(A)31 b(shell)f(v)-5
b(ariable)32 b(that)f(is)f(n)m(ull)h(or)f(unset)150 1690
y(ev)-5 b(aluates)41 b(to)f(0)g(when)e(referenced)h(b)m(y)g(name)h
(without)f(using)g(the)g(parameter)h(expansion)f(syn)m(tax.)150
1800 y(The)c(v)-5 b(alue)37 b(of)f(a)h(v)-5 b(ariable)36
b(is)g(ev)-5 b(aluated)38 b(as)e(an)g(arithmetic)h(expression)f(when)f
(it)h(is)g(referenced,)i(or)150 1909 y(when)31 b(a)i(v)-5
b(ariable)33 b(whic)m(h)f(has)g(b)s(een)f(giv)m(en)j(the)e
Fq(in)m(teger)40 b Ft(attribute)33 b(using)f(`)p Fs(declare)d(-i)p
Ft(')i(is)i(assigned)150 2019 y(a)k(v)-5 b(alue.)58 b(A)36
b(n)m(ull)g(v)-5 b(alue)37 b(ev)-5 b(aluates)38 b(to)f(0.)58
b(A)36 b(shell)h(v)-5 b(ariable)36 b(need)g(not)h(ha)m(v)m(e)g(its)g
(in)m(teger)g(attribute)150 2128 y(turned)29 b(on)h(to)i(b)s(e)d(used)h
(in)g(an)g(expression.)275 2256 y(Constan)m(ts)41 b(with)g(a)h(leading)
f(0)h(are)g(in)m(terpreted)f(as)g(o)s(ctal)i(n)m(um)m(b)s(ers.)72
b(A)41 b(leading)h(`)p Fs(0x)p Ft(')f(or)g(`)p Fs(0X)p
Ft(')150 2366 y(denotes)31 b(hexadecimal.)43 b(Otherwise,)31
b(n)m(um)m(b)s(ers)e(tak)m(e)k(the)e(form)f([)p Fq(base)5
b Fs(#)p Ft(])p Fq(n)p Ft(,)31 b(where)f Fq(base)36 b
Ft(is)31 b(a)g(decimal)150 2476 y(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)26
b(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)i(2)f(and)g(64)h(represen)m(ting)g(the)f(arithmetic)
h(base,)h(and)d Fq(n)h Ft(is)g(a)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(in)h(that)h(base.)
150 2585 y(If)39 b Fq(base)5 b Fs(#)40 b Ft(is)g(omitted,)j(then)d
(base)g(10)g(is)g(used.)68 b(The)39 b(digits)i(greater)g(than)e(9)h
(are)g(represen)m(ted)g(b)m(y)150 2695 y(the)34 b(lo)m(w)m(ercase)h
(letters,)h(the)d(upp)s(ercase)g(letters,)i(`)p Fs(@)p
Ft(',)g(and)e(`)p Fs(_)p Ft(',)h(in)f(that)h(order.)50
b(If)32 b Fq(base)39 b Ft(is)34 b(less)f(than)150 2804
y(or)i(equal)g(to)g(36,)i(lo)m(w)m(ercase)g(and)e(upp)s(ercase)e
(letters)j(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)e(used)g(in)m(terc)m(hangeably)i(to)g
(represen)m(t)150 2914 y(n)m(um)m(b)s(ers)29 b(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)i(10)g
(and)f(35.)275 3042 y(Op)s(erators)44 b(are)h(ev)-5 b(aluated)46
b(in)f(order)f(of)h(precedence.)85 b(Sub-expressions)44
b(in)g(paren)m(theses)i(are)150 3152 y(ev)-5 b(aluated)32
b(\014rst)d(and)h(ma)m(y)h(o)m(v)m(erride)g(the)g(precedence)g(rules)f
(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e.)150 3371 y Fr(6.6)68 b(Aliases)150 3531
y Fq(Aliases)41 b Ft(allo)m(w)d(a)f(string)f(to)h(b)s(e)f(substituted)g
(for)g(a)g(w)m(ord)g(when)g(it)h(is)f(used)f(as)i(the)g(\014rst)e(w)m
(ord)h(of)h(a)150 3640 y(simple)32 b(command.)45 b(The)31
b(shell)i(main)m(tains)f(a)h(list)f(of)g(aliases)i(that)e(ma)m(y)h(b)s
(e)e(set)h(and)g(unset)f(with)h(the)150 3750 y Fs(alias)d
Ft(and)h Fs(unalias)e Ft(builtin)i(commands.)275 3878
y(The)f(\014rst)f(w)m(ord)i(of)f(eac)m(h)i(simple)f(command,)g(if)f
(unquoted,)g(is)h(c)m(hec)m(k)m(ed)h(to)g(see)f(if)g(it)g(has)f(an)g
(alias.)150 3988 y(If)24 b(so,)i(that)g(w)m(ord)e(is)h(replaced)g(b)m
(y)f(the)h(text)h(of)e(the)h(alias.)40 b(The)24 b(c)m(haracters)i(`)p
Fs(/)p Ft(',)h(`)p Fs($)p Ft(',)f(`)p Fs(`)p Ft(',)g(`)p
Fs(=)p Ft(')f(and)f(an)m(y)h(of)150 4097 y(the)e(shell)g(metac)m
(haracters)i(or)e(quoting)g(c)m(haracters)h(listed)g(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)g
(ma)m(y)f(not)g(app)s(ear)f(in)h(an)g(alias)h(name.)150
4207 y(The)e(replacemen)m(t)h(text)g(ma)m(y)g(con)m(tain)h(an)m(y)e(v)
-5 b(alid)23 b(shell)f(input,)h(including)f(shell)g(metac)m(haracters.)
40 b(The)150 4317 y(\014rst)35 b(w)m(ord)g(of)h(the)g(replacemen)m(t)i
(text)e(is)g(tested)h(for)e(aliases,)k(but)c(a)h(w)m(ord)g(that)g(is)g
(iden)m(tical)i(to)e(an)150 4426 y(alias)c(b)s(eing)f(expanded)f(is)h
(not)g(expanded)f(a)h(second)g(time.)43 b(This)30 b(means)h(that)g(one)
g(ma)m(y)h(alias)g Fs(ls)e Ft(to)150 4536 y Fs("ls)f(-F")p
Ft(,)36 b(for)f(instance,)i(and)d(Bash)h(do)s(es)g(not)g(try)g(to)g
(recursiv)m(ely)h(expand)e(the)h(replacemen)m(t)i(text.)150
4645 y(If)31 b(the)h(last)h(c)m(haracter)g(of)f(the)g(alias)h(v)-5
b(alue)32 b(is)g(a)g(space)g(or)g(tab)g(c)m(haracter,)i(then)d(the)h
(next)g(command)150 4755 y(w)m(ord)e(follo)m(wing)i(the)e(alias)i(is)e
(also)i(c)m(hec)m(k)m(ed)g(for)e(alias)i(expansion.)275
4883 y(Aliases)d(are)f(created)i(and)d(listed)i(with)f(the)g
Fs(alias)f Ft(command,)h(and)g(remo)m(v)m(ed)h(with)f(the)g
Fs(unalias)150 4993 y Ft(command.)275 5121 y(There)44
b(is)h(no)g(mec)m(hanism)g(for)f(using)h(argumen)m(ts)g(in)f(the)h
(replacemen)m(t)i(text,)i(as)d(in)e Fs(csh)p Ft(.)83
b(If)150 5230 y(argumen)m(ts)37 b(are)h(needed,)g(a)g(shell)f(function)
f(should)g(b)s(e)h(used)f(\(see)i(Section)g(3.3)g([Shell)f(F)-8
b(unctions],)150 5340 y(page)31 b(14\).)p eop end
%%Page: 80 86
TeXDict begin 80 85 bop 150 -116 a Ft(80)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)275 299 y(Aliases)i(are)h(not)e(expanded)g
(when)g(the)h(shell)g(is)g(not)g(in)m(teractiv)m(e,)j(unless)c(the)h
Fs(expand_aliases)150 408 y Ft(shell)e(option)f(is)h(set)g(using)f
Fs(shopt)f Ft(\(see)i(Section)g(4.3.2)h([The)e(Shopt)g(Builtin],)h
(page)g(55\).)275 540 y(The)38 b(rules)h(concerning)h(the)f
(de\014nition)g(and)g(use)g(of)g(aliases)i(are)e(somewhat)h(confusing.)
67 b(Bash)150 650 y(alw)m(a)m(ys)42 b(reads)f(at)h(least)g(one)f
(complete)i(line)e(of)g(input)f(b)s(efore)h(executing)h(an)m(y)f(of)g
(the)g(commands)150 760 y(on)h(that)h(line.)77 b(Aliases)44
b(are)e(expanded)g(when)f(a)i(command)f(is)g(read,)k(not)c(when)g(it)g
(is)h(executed.)150 869 y(Therefore,)f(an)e(alias)h(de\014nition)e(app)
s(earing)h(on)f(the)h(same)h(line)f(as)g(another)g(command)f(do)s(es)h
(not)150 979 y(tak)m(e)31 b(e\013ect)f(un)m(til)g(the)f(next)g(line)h
(of)f(input)f(is)h(read.)41 b(The)28 b(commands)h(follo)m(wing)i(the)e
(alias)h(de\014nition)150 1088 y(on)d(that)h(line)f(are)h(not)f
(a\013ected)i(b)m(y)e(the)g(new)g(alias.)41 b(This)26
b(b)s(eha)m(vior)h(is)g(also)h(an)f(issue)g(when)f(functions)150
1198 y(are)d(executed.)39 b(Aliases)24 b(are)f(expanded)f(when)f(a)i
(function)g(de\014nition)f(is)h(read,)h(not)f(when)e(the)i(function)150
1308 y(is)i(executed,)j(b)s(ecause)d(a)h(function)f(de\014nition)f(is)i
(itself)g(a)f(comp)s(ound)f(command.)39 b(As)25 b(a)h(consequence,)150
1417 y(aliases)36 b(de\014ned)d(in)h(a)g(function)g(are)h(not)f(a)m(v)
-5 b(ailable)37 b(un)m(til)d(after)h(that)g(function)f(is)g(executed.)
53 b(T)-8 b(o)35 b(b)s(e)150 1527 y(safe,)41 b(alw)m(a)m(ys)f(put)d
(alias)j(de\014nitions)e(on)g(a)h(separate)g(line,)i(and)d(do)g(not)g
(use)g Fs(alias)f Ft(in)h(comp)s(ound)150 1636 y(commands.)275
1768 y(F)-8 b(or)31 b(almost)g(ev)m(ery)g(purp)s(ose,)e(shell)i
(functions)f(are)g(preferred)g(o)m(v)m(er)h(aliases.)150
1996 y Fr(6.7)68 b(Arra)l(ys)150 2155 y Ft(Bash)33 b(pro)m(vides)g
(one-dimensional)g(indexed)f(and)h(asso)s(ciativ)m(e)i(arra)m(y)e(v)-5
b(ariables.)49 b(An)m(y)33 b(v)-5 b(ariable)33 b(ma)m(y)150
2265 y(b)s(e)e(used)h(as)g(an)g(indexed)f(arra)m(y;)j(the)e
Fs(declare)e Ft(builtin)h(will)i(explicitly)g(declare)g(an)f(arra)m(y)
-8 b(.)46 b(There)32 b(is)150 2374 y(no)h(maxim)m(um)g(limit)h(on)f
(the)g(size)h(of)g(an)f(arra)m(y)-8 b(,)35 b(nor)d(an)m(y)i(requiremen)
m(t)f(that)h(mem)m(b)s(ers)e(b)s(e)g(indexed)150 2484
y(or)26 b(assigned)h(con)m(tiguously)-8 b(.)41 b(Indexed)25
b(arra)m(ys)i(are)f(referenced)g(using)g(in)m(tegers)i(\(including)e
(arithmetic)150 2593 y(expressions)41 b(\(see)h(Section)g(6.5)h([Shell)
e(Arithmetic],)46 b(page)c(78\))g(and)f(are)g(zero-based;)48
b(asso)s(ciativ)m(e)150 2703 y(arra)m(ys)31 b(use)f(arbitrary)g
(strings.)275 2835 y(An)c(indexed)h(arra)m(y)h(is)f(created)h
(automatically)j(if)c(an)m(y)g(v)-5 b(ariable)28 b(is)g(assigned)f(to)h
(using)f(the)g(syn)m(tax)390 2967 y Fs(name[)p Fi(subscript)11
b Fs(]=)p Fi(value)150 3099 y Ft(The)25 b Fq(subscript)g
Ft(is)h(treated)g(as)f(an)g(arithmetic)h(expression)f(that)h(m)m(ust)f
(ev)-5 b(aluate)27 b(to)e(a)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(greater)150
3208 y(than)30 b(or)g(equal)h(to)g(zero.)42 b(T)-8 b(o)31
b(explicitly)h(declare)f(an)f(arra)m(y)-8 b(,)32 b(use)390
3340 y Fs(declare)46 b(-a)h Fi(name)150 3472 y Ft(The)30
b(syn)m(tax)390 3604 y Fs(declare)46 b(-a)h Fi(name)11
b Fs([)p Fi(subscript)g Fs(])150 3736 y Ft(is)30 b(also)i(accepted;)g
(the)e Fq(subscript)h Ft(is)g(ignored.)275 3868 y(Asso)s(ciativ)m(e)h
(arra)m(ys)f(are)g(created)g(using)390 4000 y Fs(declare)46
b(-A)h Fi(name)11 b Fs(.)275 4132 y Ft(A)m(ttributes)46
b(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(for)h(an)g(arra)m(y)g(v)-5
b(ariable)47 b(using)e(the)h Fs(declare)e Ft(and)h Fs(readonly)150
4242 y Ft(builtins.)40 b(Eac)m(h)31 b(attribute)g(applies)g(to)g(all)g
(mem)m(b)s(ers)f(of)g(an)h(arra)m(y)-8 b(.)275 4374 y(Arra)m(ys)30
b(are)h(assigned)f(to)h(using)f(comp)s(ound)f(assignmen)m(ts)i(of)g
(the)f(form)390 4506 y Fs(name=\(value)p Fi(1)55 b Fs(...)47
b(value)p Fi(n)11 b Fs(\))150 4638 y Ft(where)37 b(eac)m(h)i
Fq(v)-5 b(alue)42 b Ft(is)c(of)g(the)f(form)g Fs([)p
Fi(subscript)11 b Fs(]=)p Fq(string)d Ft(.)58 b(Indexed)36
b(arra)m(y)i(assignmen)m(ts)g(do)g(not)150 4747 y(require)c(the)g(brac)
m(k)m(et)h(and)e(subscript.)50 b(When)34 b(assigning)g(to)g(indexed)g
(arra)m(ys,)h(if)f(the)g(optional)h(sub-)150 4857 y(script)c(is)h
(supplied,)f(that)h(index)f(is)h(assigned)g(to;)h(otherwise)f(the)f
(index)h(of)f(the)h(elemen)m(t)h(assigned)f(is)150 4966
y(the)f(last)g(index)f(assigned)g(to)h(b)m(y)g(the)f(statemen)m(t)i
(plus)e(one.)41 b(Indexing)30 b(starts)g(at)i(zero.)275
5098 y(When)e(assigning)h(to)g(an)f(asso)s(ciativ)m(e)j(arra)m(y)-8
b(,)32 b(the)e(subscript)f(is)i(required.)275 5230 y(This)f(syn)m(tax)j
(is)e(also)i(accepted)g(b)m(y)f(the)f Fs(declare)f Ft(builtin.)44
b(Individual)31 b(arra)m(y)h(elemen)m(ts)h(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)150
5340 y(assigned)e(to)g(using)f(the)g Fs(name[)p Fq(subscript)r
Fs(]=)p Fq(v)-5 b(alue)33 b Ft(syn)m(tax)e(in)m(tro)s(duced)f(ab)s(o)m
(v)m(e.)p eop end
%%Page: 81 87
TeXDict begin 81 86 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2484 b(81)275 299 y(An)m(y)33
b(elemen)m(t)i(of)f(an)f(arra)m(y)h(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(referenced)g
(using)g Fs(${name[)p Fq(subscript)r Fs(]})p Ft(.)46
b(The)33 b(braces)h(are)150 408 y(required)28 b(to)j(a)m(v)m(oid)f
(con\015icts)g(with)f(the)h(shell's)f(\014lename)h(expansion)f(op)s
(erators.)41 b(If)28 b(the)i Fq(subscript)g Ft(is)150
518 y(`)p Fs(@)p Ft(')f(or)g(`)p Fs(*)p Ft(',)g(the)g(w)m(ord)g
(expands)f(to)i(all)f(mem)m(b)s(ers)f(of)h(the)g(arra)m(y)h
Fq(name)5 b Ft(.)40 b(These)29 b(subscripts)e(di\013er)i(only)150
628 y(when)36 b(the)g(w)m(ord)g(app)s(ears)g(within)g(double)g(quotes.)
60 b(If)36 b(the)h(w)m(ord)f(is)g(double-quoted,)j Fs(${name[*]})150
737 y Ft(expands)20 b(to)h(a)g(single)g(w)m(ord)f(with)h(the)g(v)-5
b(alue)21 b(of)f(eac)m(h)i(arra)m(y)f(mem)m(b)s(er)f(separated)h(b)m(y)
g(the)f(\014rst)g(c)m(haracter)150 847 y(of)38 b(the)g
Fs(IFS)f Ft(v)-5 b(ariable,)41 b(and)c Fs(${name[@]})e
Ft(expands)i(eac)m(h)i(elemen)m(t)g(of)f Fq(name)43 b
Ft(to)c(a)f(separate)h(w)m(ord.)150 956 y(When)32 b(there)h(are)f(no)g
(arra)m(y)h(mem)m(b)s(ers,)f Fs(${name[@]})e Ft(expands)h(to)i
(nothing.)47 b(If)31 b(the)i(double-quoted)150 1066 y(expansion)39
b(o)s(ccurs)h(within)f(a)h(w)m(ord,)i(the)d(expansion)h(of)g(the)f
(\014rst)g(parameter)h(is)g(joined)f(with)h(the)150 1176
y(b)s(eginning)j(part)h(of)g(the)g(original)h(w)m(ord,)j(and)43
b(the)h(expansion)g(of)g(the)g(last)h(parameter)f(is)g(joined)150
1285 y(with)35 b(the)g(last)h(part)f(of)g(the)g(original)h(w)m(ord.)55
b(This)34 b(is)h(analogous)h(to)g(the)f(expansion)g(of)g(the)g(sp)s
(ecial)150 1395 y(parameters)28 b(`)p Fs(@)p Ft(')g(and)f(`)p
Fs(*)p Ft('.)39 b Fs(${#name[)p Fq(subscript)r Fs(]})24
b Ft(expands)j(to)h(the)g(length)g(of)f Fs(${name[)p
Fq(subscript)r Fs(]})p Ft(.)150 1504 y(If)j Fq(subscript)i
Ft(is)f(`)p Fs(@)p Ft(')f(or)h(`)p Fs(*)p Ft(',)g(the)g(expansion)g(is)
g(the)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)i(elemen)m(ts)h(in)f(the)g(arra)m(y)-8
b(.)42 b(Referencing)150 1614 y(an)30 b(arra)m(y)h(v)-5
b(ariable)31 b(without)g(a)f(subscript)g(is)g(equiv)-5
b(alen)m(t)32 b(to)f(referencing)g(with)f(a)g(subscript)g(of)g(0.)275
1757 y(An)35 b(arra)m(y)i(v)-5 b(ariable)37 b(is)g(considered)f(set)h
(if)f(a)h(subscript)e(has)h(b)s(een)g(assigned)g(a)h(v)-5
b(alue.)59 b(The)36 b(n)m(ull)150 1866 y(string)30 b(is)h(a)g(v)-5
b(alid)30 b(v)-5 b(alue.)275 2009 y(The)32 b Fs(unset)g
Ft(builtin)h(is)g(used)g(to)h(destro)m(y)g(arra)m(ys.)50
b Fs(unset)31 b Fq(name)5 b Ft([)p Fq(subscript)r Ft(])33
b(destro)m(ys)h(the)f(arra)m(y)150 2119 y(elemen)m(t)i(at)g(index)f
Fq(subscript)r Ft(.)50 b(Care)34 b(m)m(ust)f(b)s(e)h(tak)m(en)h(to)f(a)
m(v)m(oid)i(un)m(w)m(an)m(ted)e(side)g(e\013ects)h(caused)f(b)m(y)150
2228 y(\014lename)40 b(expansion.)69 b Fs(unset)39 b
Fq(name)5 b Ft(,)42 b(where)e Fq(name)45 b Ft(is)39 b(an)h(arra)m(y)-8
b(,)44 b(remo)m(v)m(es)d(the)f(en)m(tire)h(arra)m(y)-8
b(.)70 b(A)150 2338 y(subscript)29 b(of)i(`)p Fs(*)p
Ft(')f(or)h(`)p Fs(@)p Ft(')f(also)h(remo)m(v)m(es)h(the)f(en)m(tire)g
(arra)m(y)-8 b(.)275 2481 y(The)41 b Fs(declare)p Ft(,)i
Fs(local)p Ft(,)h(and)d Fs(readonly)f Ft(builtins)h(eac)m(h)j(accept)f
(a)f(`)p Fs(-a)p Ft(')g(option)h(to)f(sp)s(ecify)g(an)150
2591 y(indexed)34 b(arra)m(y)h(and)f(a)h(`)p Fs(-A)p
Ft(')g(option)g(to)g(sp)s(ecify)g(an)f(asso)s(ciativ)m(e)j(arra)m(y)-8
b(.)55 b(The)34 b Fs(read)f Ft(builtin)i(accepts)150
2700 y(a)h(`)p Fs(-a)p Ft(')f(option)h(to)g(assign)g(a)f(list)h(of)g(w)
m(ords)f(read)g(from)g(the)h(standard)e(input)h(to)h(an)f(arra)m(y)-8
b(,)38 b(and)d(can)150 2810 y(read)c(v)-5 b(alues)31
b(from)f(the)h(standard)f(input)g(in)m(to)i(individual)e(arra)m(y)h
(elemen)m(ts.)44 b(The)30 b Fs(set)g Ft(and)g Fs(declare)150
2919 y Ft(builtins)g(displa)m(y)g(arra)m(y)h(v)-5 b(alues)31
b(in)f(a)h(w)m(a)m(y)g(that)g(allo)m(ws)h(them)e(to)h(b)s(e)f(reused)g
(as)g(input.)150 3164 y Fr(6.8)68 b(The)45 b(Directory)g(Stac)l(k)150
3324 y Ft(The)21 b(directory)h(stac)m(k)h(is)e(a)h(list)g(of)f(recen)m
(tly-visited)j(directories.)39 b(The)20 b Fs(pushd)g
Ft(builtin)h(adds)g(directories)150 3433 y(to)42 b(the)f(stac)m(k)i(as)
e(it)h(c)m(hanges)g(the)f(curren)m(t)g(directory)-8 b(,)45
b(and)40 b(the)i Fs(popd)e Ft(builtin)g(remo)m(v)m(es)j(sp)s(eci\014ed)
150 3543 y(directories)29 b(from)f(the)h(stac)m(k)h(and)d(c)m(hanges)j
(the)e(curren)m(t)g(directory)h(to)g(the)g(directory)f(remo)m(v)m(ed.)
41 b(The)150 3653 y Fs(dirs)29 b Ft(builtin)h(displa)m(ys)h(the)f(con)m
(ten)m(ts)i(of)f(the)f(directory)h(stac)m(k.)275 3795
y(The)k(con)m(ten)m(ts)i(of)f(the)h(directory)f(stac)m(k)h(are)f(also)h
(visible)g(as)f(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)36 b(of)g(the)g Fs(DIRSTACK)e
Ft(shell)150 3905 y(v)-5 b(ariable.)150 4113 y Fj(6.8.1)63
b(Directory)40 b(Stac)m(k)g(Builtins)150 4289 y Fs(dirs)870
4427 y(dirs)47 b([+)p Fi(N)57 b Fs(|)48 b(-)p Fi(N)11
b Fs(])46 b([-clpv])630 4566 y Ft(Displa)m(y)35 b(the)f(list)g(of)g
(curren)m(tly)g(remem)m(b)s(ered)f(directories.)51 b(Directories)36
b(are)e(added)f(to)630 4676 y(the)28 b(list)h(with)f(the)g
Fs(pushd)f Ft(command;)i(the)f Fs(popd)f Ft(command)h(remo)m(v)m(es)h
(directories)g(from)630 4785 y(the)i(list.)630 4953 y
Fs(+)p Fi(N)384 b Ft(Displa)m(ys)23 b(the)f Fq(N)10 b
Ft(th)21 b(directory)h(\(coun)m(ting)h(from)e(the)h(left)g(of)g(the)g
(list)g(prin)m(ted)1110 5063 y(b)m(y)30 b Fs(dirs)f Ft(when)h(in)m(v)m
(ok)m(ed)i(without)e(options\),)h(starting)g(with)g(zero.)630
5230 y Fs(-)p Fi(N)384 b Ft(Displa)m(ys)47 b(the)g Fq(N)10
b Ft(th)46 b(directory)h(\(coun)m(ting)g(from)f(the)g(righ)m(t)h(of)g
(the)f(list)1110 5340 y(prin)m(ted)25 b(b)m(y)g Fs(dirs)g
Ft(when)f(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)j(without)f(options\),)h(starting)g(with)e
(zero.)p eop end
%%Page: 82 88
TeXDict begin 82 87 bop 150 -116 a Ft(82)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)630 299 y Fs(-c)384 b Ft(Clears)31
b(the)f(directory)h(stac)m(k)h(b)m(y)e(deleting)h(all)h(of)e(the)h
(elemen)m(ts.)630 457 y Fs(-l)384 b Ft(Pro)s(duces)30
b(a)i(longer)g(listing;)h(the)f(default)f(listing)i(format)e(uses)g(a)h
(tilde)g(to)1110 567 y(denote)f(the)f(home)h(directory)-8
b(.)630 725 y Fs(-p)384 b Ft(Causes)30 b Fs(dirs)f Ft(to)i(prin)m(t)f
(the)h(directory)g(stac)m(k)h(with)e(one)g(en)m(try)h(p)s(er)e(line.)
630 883 y Fs(-v)384 b Ft(Causes)36 b Fs(dirs)f Ft(to)i(prin)m(t)f(the)g
(directory)h(stac)m(k)h(with)e(one)h(en)m(try)f(p)s(er)f(line,)1110
993 y(pre\014xing)30 b(eac)m(h)h(en)m(try)g(with)f(its)h(index)e(in)i
(the)f(stac)m(k.)150 1151 y Fs(popd)870 1285 y(popd)47
b([+)p Fi(N)57 b Fs(|)48 b(-)p Fi(N)11 b Fs(])46 b([-n])630
1419 y Ft(Remo)m(v)m(e)26 b(the)e(top)g(en)m(try)h(from)e(the)h
(directory)h(stac)m(k,)i(and)c Fs(cd)h Ft(to)h(the)f(new)f(top)i
(directory)-8 b(.)630 1528 y(When)32 b(no)g(argumen)m(ts)h(are)g(giv)m
(en,)h Fs(popd)d Ft(remo)m(v)m(es)j(the)f(top)f(directory)h(from)f(the)
g(stac)m(k)630 1638 y(and)f(p)s(erforms)e(a)j Fs(cd)f
Ft(to)h(the)f(new)g(top)h(directory)-8 b(.)44 b(The)31
b(elemen)m(ts)i(are)e(n)m(um)m(b)s(ered)f(from)630 1748
y(0)d(starting)g(at)g(the)g(\014rst)f(directory)h(listed)g(with)f
Fs(dirs)p Ft(;)h(i.e.,)i Fs(popd)c Ft(is)i(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)28
b(to)f Fs(popd)630 1857 y(+0)p Ft(.)630 2015 y Fs(+)p
Fi(N)384 b Ft(Remo)m(v)m(es)22 b(the)f Fq(N)10 b Ft(th)20
b(directory)g(\(coun)m(ting)i(from)e(the)g(left)h(of)g(the)f(list)h
(prin)m(ted)1110 2125 y(b)m(y)30 b Fs(dirs)p Ft(\),)g(starting)h(with)f
(zero.)630 2283 y Fs(-)p Fi(N)384 b Ft(Remo)m(v)m(es)46
b(the)g Fq(N)10 b Ft(th)44 b(directory)h(\(coun)m(ting)h(from)f(the)g
(righ)m(t)g(of)g(the)g(list)1110 2393 y(prin)m(ted)30
b(b)m(y)g Fs(dirs)p Ft(\),)g(starting)h(with)f(zero.)630
2551 y Fs(-n)384 b Ft(Suppresses)27 b(the)j(normal)g(c)m(hange)g(of)g
(directory)g(when)e(remo)m(ving)j(directo-)1110 2661
y(ries)f(from)g(the)h(stac)m(k,)h(so)f(that)g(only)f(the)h(stac)m(k)g
(is)g(manipulated.)150 2819 y Fs(pushd)870 2953 y(pushd)46
b([-n])h([+)p Fi(N)57 b Fs(|)48 b Fi(-N)58 b Fs(|)47
b Fi(dir)57 b Fs(])630 3087 y Ft(Sa)m(v)m(e)29 b(the)f(curren)m(t)g
(directory)g(on)g(the)g(top)g(of)g(the)g(directory)h(stac)m(k)g(and)e
(then)h Fs(cd)f Ft(to)i Fq(dir)7 b Ft(.)630 3196 y(With)31
b(no)f(argumen)m(ts,)h Fs(pushd)e Ft(exc)m(hanges)j(the)e(top)h(t)m(w)m
(o)h(directories.)630 3354 y Fs(-n)384 b Ft(Suppresses)26
b(the)i(normal)h(c)m(hange)g(of)f(directory)h(when)e(adding)h
(directories)1110 3464 y(to)j(the)g(stac)m(k,)h(so)e(that)h(only)g(the)
f(stac)m(k)i(is)f(manipulated.)630 3622 y Fs(+)p Fi(N)384
b Ft(Brings)29 b(the)f Fq(N)10 b Ft(th)29 b(directory)g(\(coun)m(ting)h
(from)e(the)g(left)i(of)e(the)h(list)g(prin)m(ted)1110
3732 y(b)m(y)34 b Fs(dirs)p Ft(,)g(starting)h(with)f(zero\))i(to)f(the)
f(top)g(of)h(the)f(list)h(b)m(y)f(rotating)i(the)1110
3841 y(stac)m(k.)630 4000 y Fs(-)p Fi(N)384 b Ft(Brings)23
b(the)g Fq(N)10 b Ft(th)23 b(directory)h(\(coun)m(ting)g(from)e(the)i
(righ)m(t)f(of)g(the)h(list)f(prin)m(ted)1110 4109 y(b)m(y)34
b Fs(dirs)p Ft(,)g(starting)h(with)f(zero\))i(to)f(the)f(top)g(of)h
(the)f(list)h(b)m(y)f(rotating)i(the)1110 4219 y(stac)m(k.)630
4377 y Fi(dir)336 b Ft(Mak)m(es)36 b(the)f(curren)m(t)g(w)m(orking)g
(directory)g(b)s(e)f(the)h(top)g(of)g(the)g(stac)m(k,)j(and)1110
4487 y(then)30 b(executes)i(the)e(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)32
b(of)f(`)p Fs(cd)f Fq(dir)7 b Ft('.)39 b Fs(cd)p Ft(s)30
b(to)h Fq(dir)7 b Ft(.)150 4718 y Fr(6.9)68 b(Con)l(trolling)47
b(the)e(Prompt)150 4877 y Ft(The)24 b(v)-5 b(alue)24
b(of)h(the)f(v)-5 b(ariable)25 b Fs(PROMPT_COMMAND)20
b Ft(is)25 b(examined)f(just)g(b)s(efore)f(Bash)i(prin)m(ts)e(eac)m(h)j
(primary)150 4987 y(prompt.)39 b(If)28 b Fs(PROMPT_COMMAND)d
Ft(is)j(set)h(and)f(has)g(a)h(non-n)m(ull)f(v)-5 b(alue,)29
b(then)f(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)29 b(is)f(executed)i(just)150
5096 y(as)h(if)f(it)h(had)f(b)s(een)f(t)m(yp)s(ed)h(on)h(the)f(command)
g(line.)275 5230 y(In)d(addition,)j(the)f(follo)m(wing)h(table)f
(describ)s(es)f(the)h(sp)s(ecial)g(c)m(haracters)h(whic)m(h)f(can)f
(app)s(ear)g(in)h(the)150 5340 y(prompt)g(v)-5 b(ariables:)p
eop end
%%Page: 83 89
TeXDict begin 83 88 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2484 b(83)150 299 y Fs(\\a)384
b Ft(A)30 b(b)s(ell)h(c)m(haracter.)150 457 y Fs(\\d)384
b Ft(The)30 b(date,)h(in)f Fs(")p Ft(W)-8 b(eekda)m(y)32
b(Mon)m(th)f(Date)p Fs(")h Ft(format)f(\(e.g.,)h Fs(")p
Ft(T)-8 b(ue)30 b(Ma)m(y)h(26)p Fs(")p Ft(\).)150 615
y Fs(\\D{)p Fi(format)11 b Fs(})630 725 y Ft(The)27 b
Fq(format)i Ft(is)f(passed)e(to)i Fs(strftime)p Ft(\(3\))f(and)f(the)i
(result)f(is)g(inserted)g(in)m(to)h(the)g(prompt)630
835 y(string;)42 b(an)d(empt)m(y)f Fq(format)j Ft(results)d(in)g(a)h
(lo)s(cale-sp)s(eci\014c)h(time)f(represen)m(tation.)65
b(The)630 944 y(braces)31 b(are)f(required.)150 1103
y Fs(\\e)384 b Ft(An)30 b(escap)s(e)h(c)m(haracter.)150
1261 y Fs(\\h)384 b Ft(The)30 b(hostname,)h(up)e(to)i(the)g(\014rst)e
(`.'.)150 1419 y Fs(\\H)384 b Ft(The)30 b(hostname.)150
1577 y Fs(\\j)384 b Ft(The)30 b(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)h(jobs)g(curren)m
(tly)h(managed)g(b)m(y)f(the)g(shell.)150 1736 y Fs(\\l)384
b Ft(The)30 b(basename)h(of)f(the)h(shell's)f(terminal)h(device)g
(name.)150 1894 y Fs(\\n)384 b Ft(A)30 b(newline.)150
2052 y Fs(\\r)384 b Ft(A)30 b(carriage)i(return.)150
2211 y Fs(\\s)384 b Ft(The)22 b(name)g(of)h(the)f(shell,)i(the)f
(basename)f(of)h Fs($0)f Ft(\(the)g(p)s(ortion)g(follo)m(wing)i(the)f
(\014nal)e(slash\).)150 2369 y Fs(\\t)384 b Ft(The)30
b(time,)h(in)f(24-hour)h(HH:MM:SS)g(format.)150 2527
y Fs(\\T)384 b Ft(The)30 b(time,)h(in)f(12-hour)h(HH:MM:SS)g(format.)
150 2685 y Fs(\\@)384 b Ft(The)30 b(time,)h(in)f(12-hour)h(am/pm)f
(format.)150 2844 y Fs(\\A)384 b Ft(The)30 b(time,)h(in)f(24-hour)h
(HH:MM)g(format.)150 3002 y Fs(\\u)384 b Ft(The)30 b(username)g(of)g
(the)h(curren)m(t)f(user.)150 3160 y Fs(\\v)384 b Ft(The)30
b(v)m(ersion)h(of)f(Bash)h(\(e.g.,)h(2.00\))150 3319
y Fs(\\V)384 b Ft(The)30 b(release)i(of)e(Bash,)h(v)m(ersion)g
Fs(+)f Ft(patc)m(hlev)m(el)i(\(e.g.,)h(2.00.0\))150 3477
y Fs(\\w)384 b Ft(The)34 b(curren)m(t)h(w)m(orking)g(directory)-8
b(,)37 b(with)e Fs($HOME)e Ft(abbreviated)j(with)e(a)h(tilde)h(\(uses)f
(the)630 3587 y Fs($PROMPT_DIRTRIM)26 b Ft(v)-5 b(ariable\).)150
3745 y Fs(\\W)384 b Ft(The)30 b(basename)h(of)f Fs($PWD)p
Ft(,)g(with)g Fs($HOME)f Ft(abbreviated)h(with)g(a)h(tilde.)150
3903 y Fs(\\!)384 b Ft(The)30 b(history)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i(this)f
(command.)150 4061 y Fs(\\#)384 b Ft(The)30 b(command)g(n)m(um)m(b)s
(er)f(of)i(this)f(command.)150 4220 y Fs(\\$)384 b Ft(If)30
b(the)g(e\013ectiv)m(e)j(uid)d(is)g(0,)h Fs(#)p Ft(,)g(otherwise)g
Fs($)p Ft(.)150 4378 y Fs(\\)p Fi(nnn)288 b Ft(The)30
b(c)m(haracter)i(whose)e(ASCI)s(I)f(co)s(de)h(is)h(the)f(o)s(ctal)i(v)
-5 b(alue)31 b Fq(nnn)p Ft(.)150 4536 y Fs(\\\\)384 b
Ft(A)30 b(bac)m(kslash.)150 4695 y Fs(\\[)384 b Ft(Begin)38
b(a)f(sequence)g(of)g(non-prin)m(ting)g(c)m(haracters.)61
b(This)36 b(could)h(b)s(e)g(used)f(to)h(em)m(b)s(ed)g(a)630
4804 y(terminal)31 b(con)m(trol)h(sequence)e(in)m(to)i(the)e(prompt.)
150 4963 y Fs(\\])384 b Ft(End)29 b(a)i(sequence)g(of)f(non-prin)m
(ting)g(c)m(haracters.)275 5121 y(The)25 b(command)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f
(and)h(the)g(history)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(are)i(usually)f(di\013eren)m
(t:)39 b(the)26 b(history)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)150 5230
y(of)h(a)f(command)h(is)f(its)h(p)s(osition)f(in)g(the)h(history)f
(list,)i(whic)m(h)f(ma)m(y)g(include)f(commands)g(restored)g(from)150
5340 y(the)39 b(history)h(\014le)f(\(see)h(Section)g(9.1)h([Bash)e
(History)h(F)-8 b(acilities],)45 b(page)40 b(121\),)j(while)d(the)f
(command)p eop end
%%Page: 84 90
TeXDict begin 84 89 bop 150 -116 a Ft(84)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)42
b(is)h(the)h(p)s(osition)f(in)g(the)g(sequence)h(of)f(commands)g
(executed)h(during)e(the)i(curren)m(t)f(shell)150 408
y(session.)275 550 y(After)35 b(the)g(string)g(is)g(deco)s(ded,)h(it)f
(is)g(expanded)f(via)i(parameter)f(expansion,)i(command)d(substi-)150
659 y(tution,)k(arithmetic)f(expansion,)g(and)e(quote)h(remo)m(v)-5
b(al,)39 b(sub)5 b(ject)35 b(to)i(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)36
b(of)g(the)g Fs(promptvars)150 769 y Ft(shell)31 b(option)f(\(see)i
(Section)f(4.2)g([Bash)g(Builtins],)g(page)g(41\).)150
1012 y Fr(6.10)68 b(The)45 b(Restricted)h(Shell)150 1171
y Ft(If)27 b(Bash)h(is)g(started)g(with)g(the)g(name)g
Fs(rbash)p Ft(,)f(or)g(the)h(`)p Fs(--restricted)p Ft(')d(or)j(`)p
Fs(-r)p Ft(')g(option)g(is)g(supplied)e(at)150 1281 y(in)m(v)m(o)s
(cation,)k(the)d(shell)g(b)s(ecomes)h(restricted.)40
b(A)27 b(restricted)h(shell)f(is)g(used)f(to)i(set)f(up)f(an)h(en)m
(vironmen)m(t)150 1391 y(more)g(con)m(trolled)i(than)e(the)g(standard)g
(shell.)40 b(A)27 b(restricted)h(shell)f(b)s(eha)m(v)m(es)h(iden)m
(tically)h(to)f Fs(bash)e Ft(with)150 1500 y(the)31 b(exception)g(that)
g(the)g(follo)m(wing)h(are)e(disallo)m(w)m(ed)i(or)e(not)h(p)s
(erformed:)225 1642 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Changing)30 b(directories)h(with)
g(the)f Fs(cd)g Ft(builtin.)225 1780 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Setting)31
b(or)f(unsetting)h(the)g(v)-5 b(alues)30 b(of)h(the)f
Fs(SHELL)p Ft(,)g Fs(PATH)p Ft(,)f Fs(ENV)p Ft(,)h(or)g
Fs(BASH_ENV)e Ft(v)-5 b(ariables.)225 1917 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(Sp)s(ecifying)30 b(command)g(names)g(con)m(taining)i(slashes.)225
2055 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Sp)s(ecifying)30 b(a)h(\014lename)f(con)m
(taining)i(a)f(slash)f(as)h(an)f(argumen)m(t)h(to)g(the)f
Fs(.)h Ft(builtin)e(command.)225 2193 y Fp(\017)60 b
Ft(Sp)s(ecifying)28 b(a)i(\014lename)f(con)m(taining)h(a)g(slash)e(as)h
(an)g(argumen)m(t)h(to)f(the)g(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(')g(option)g(to)h(the)f
Fs(hash)330 2303 y Ft(builtin)h(command.)225 2441 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(Imp)s(orting)30 b(function)g(de\014nitions)g(from)f(the)i(shell)g
(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g(at)g(startup.)225 2579 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(P)m(arsing)31 b(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(of)g Fs(SHELLOPTS)d
Ft(from)h(the)i(shell)g(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g(at)g(startup.)225
2717 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Redirecting)31 b(output)f(using)g(the)h(`)p
Fs(>)p Ft(',)g(`)p Fs(>|)p Ft(',)f(`)p Fs(<>)p Ft(',)h(`)p
Fs(>&)p Ft(',)f(`)p Fs(&>)p Ft(',)h(and)e(`)p Fs(>>)p
Ft(')i(redirection)g(op)s(erators.)225 2855 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(Using)31 b(the)f Fs(exec)f Ft(builtin)h(to)h(replace)h(the)e
(shell)h(with)f(another)h(command.)225 2993 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(Adding)40 b(or)h(deleting)h(builtin)e(commands)h(with)f(the)h(`)p
Fs(-f)p Ft(')g(and)f(`)p Fs(-d)p Ft(')h(options)g(to)h(the)f
Fs(enable)330 3102 y Ft(builtin.)225 3240 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(Using)31 b(the)f Fs(enable)f Ft(builtin)h(command)g(to)h(enable)g
(disabled)f(shell)g(builtins.)225 3378 y Fp(\017)60 b
Ft(Sp)s(ecifying)30 b(the)g(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(')h(option)g(to)g(the)f
Fs(command)f Ft(builtin.)225 3516 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(T)-8
b(urning)29 b(o\013)i(restricted)g(mo)s(de)f(with)g(`)p
Fs(set)g(+r)p Ft(')g(or)g(`)p Fs(set)g(+o)g(restricted)p
Ft('.)275 3686 y(These)g(restrictions)h(are)g(enforced)f(after)h(an)m
(y)g(startup)f(\014les)g(are)h(read.)275 3828 y(When)j(a)i(command)e
(that)i(is)f(found)f(to)h(b)s(e)g(a)g(shell)g(script)g(is)g(executed)h
(\(see)g(Section)g(3.8)g([Shell)150 3937 y(Scripts],)25
b(page)e(33\),)j Fs(rbash)c Ft(turns)g(o\013)i(an)m(y)f(restrictions)h
(in)f(the)g(shell)h(spa)m(wned)e(to)i(execute)g(the)g(script.)150
4180 y Fr(6.11)68 b(Bash)45 b(POSIX)f(Mo)t(de)150 4339
y Ft(Starting)34 b(Bash)f(with)g(the)g(`)p Fs(--posix)p
Ft(')f(command-line)i(option)g(or)f(executing)h(`)p Fs(set)c(-o)g
(posix)p Ft(')i(while)150 4449 y(Bash)26 b(is)g(running)e(will)j(cause)
f(Bash)g(to)h(conform)f(more)g(closely)h(to)g(the)f Fl(posix)f
Ft(standard)g(b)m(y)h(c)m(hanging)150 4559 y(the)31 b(b)s(eha)m(vior)f
(to)h(matc)m(h)g(that)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(b)m(y)g Fl(posix)g
Ft(in)g(areas)h(where)f(the)h(Bash)f(default)h(di\013ers.)275
4700 y(When)f(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(as)g Fs(sh)p Ft(,)f(Bash)h(en)m(ters)g
Fl(posix)e Ft(mo)s(de)h(after)h(reading)g(the)f(startup)g(\014les.)275
4841 y(The)f(follo)m(wing)j(list)f(is)g(what's)f(c)m(hanged)h(when)e(`)
p Fl(posix)h Ft(mo)s(de')h(is)f(in)g(e\013ect:)199 4983
y(1.)61 b(When)28 b(a)i(command)e(in)g(the)h(hash)f(table)i(no)e
(longer)h(exists,)h(Bash)f(will)g(re-searc)m(h)h Fs($PATH)d
Ft(to)i(\014nd)330 5092 y(the)i(new)e(lo)s(cation.)43
b(This)29 b(is)i(also)g(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)33 b(with)d(`)p
Fs(shopt)f(-s)h(checkhash)p Ft('.)199 5230 y(2.)61 b(The)42
b(message)h(prin)m(ted)e(b)m(y)h(the)g(job)g(con)m(trol)i(co)s(de)e
(and)f(builtins)h(when)f(a)h(job)g(exits)h(with)f(a)330
5340 y(non-zero)31 b(status)g(is)f(`Done\(status\)'.)p
eop end
%%Page: 85 91
TeXDict begin 85 90 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2484 b(85)199 299 y(3.)61
b(The)40 b(message)h(prin)m(ted)f(b)m(y)g(the)h(job)f(con)m(trol)h(co)s
(de)g(and)f(builtins)f(when)h(a)g(job)g(is)h(stopp)s(ed)e(is)330
408 y(`Stopp)s(ed\()p Fq(signame)5 b Ft(\)',)31 b(where)f
Fq(signame)36 b Ft(is,)31 b(for)f(example,)h Fs(SIGTSTP)p
Ft(.)199 545 y(4.)61 b(The)27 b Fs(bg)g Ft(builtin)g(uses)g(the)h
(required)f(format)h(to)g(describ)s(e)f(eac)m(h)i(job)e(placed)h(in)f
(the)h(bac)m(kground,)330 655 y(whic)m(h)h(do)s(es)g(not)g(include)g
(an)g(indication)h(of)f(whether)f(the)h(job)g(is)g(the)h(curren)m(t)e
(or)h(previous)g(job.)199 792 y(5.)61 b(Reserv)m(ed)40
b(w)m(ords)g(app)s(earing)f(in)h(a)g(con)m(text)i(where)d(reserv)m(ed)h
(w)m(ords)f(are)i(recognized)g(do)f(not)330 902 y(undergo)30
b(alias)h(expansion.)199 1039 y(6.)61 b(The)38 b Fl(posix)h
Fs(PS1)f Ft(and)g Fs(PS2)g Ft(expansions)g(of)i(`)p Fs(!)p
Ft(')f(to)g(the)g(history)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(and)g(`)p
Fs(!!)p Ft(')h(to)g(`)p Fs(!)p Ft(')h(are)330 1148 y(enabled,)26
b(and)f(parameter)g(expansion)g(is)g(p)s(erformed)e(on)i(the)g(v)-5
b(alues)25 b(of)g Fs(PS1)f Ft(and)h Fs(PS2)f Ft(regardless)330
1258 y(of)31 b(the)f(setting)i(of)e(the)h Fs(promptvars)c
Ft(option.)199 1395 y(7.)61 b(The)30 b Fl(posix)g Ft(startup)f(\014les)
i(are)g(executed)g(\()p Fs($ENV)p Ft(\))f(rather)g(than)g(the)h(normal)
f(Bash)g(\014les.)199 1532 y(8.)61 b(Tilde)30 b(expansion)g(is)f(only)h
(p)s(erformed)f(on)h(assignmen)m(ts)g(preceding)g(a)g(command)g(name,)g
(rather)330 1641 y(than)g(on)g(all)i(assignmen)m(t)f(statemen)m(ts)h
(on)e(the)h(line.)199 1778 y(9.)61 b(The)30 b(default)g(history)h
(\014le)f(is)h(`)p Fs(~/.sh_history)p Ft(')c(\(this)k(is)f(the)g
(default)h(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(of)f Fs($HISTFILE)p Ft(\).)154
1915 y(10.)61 b(The)23 b(output)f(of)i(`)p Fs(kill)29
b(-l)p Ft(')23 b(prin)m(ts)f(all)i(the)g(signal)f(names)g(on)g(a)h
(single)g(line,)h(separated)e(b)m(y)g(spaces,)330 2025
y(without)30 b(the)h(`)p Fs(SIG)p Ft(')f(pre\014x.)154
2162 y(11.)61 b(The)30 b Fs(kill)f Ft(builtin)h(do)s(es)g(not)h(accept)
h(signal)f(names)f(with)g(a)h(`)p Fs(SIG)p Ft(')f(pre\014x.)154
2299 y(12.)61 b(Non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)34 b(shells)c(exit)h(if)g
Fq(\014lename)k Ft(in)30 b Fs(.)g Fq(\014lename)36 b
Ft(is)31 b(not)f(found.)154 2436 y(13.)61 b(Non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)41
b(shells)d(exit)h(if)f(a)g(syn)m(tax)g(error)g(in)f(an)h(arithmetic)h
(expansion)f(results)f(in)h(an)330 2545 y(in)m(v)-5 b(alid)31
b(expression.)154 2682 y(14.)61 b(Redirection)25 b(op)s(erators)f(do)g
(not)g(p)s(erform)f(\014lename)h(expansion)g(on)g(the)g(w)m(ord)f(in)h
(the)g(redirection)330 2792 y(unless)30 b(the)g(shell)h(is)f(in)m
(teractiv)m(e.)154 2929 y(15.)61 b(Redirection)31 b(op)s(erators)g(do)f
(not)h(p)s(erform)e(w)m(ord)h(splitting)h(on)f(the)h(w)m(ord)f(in)g
(the)g(redirection.)154 3066 y(16.)61 b(F)-8 b(unction)35
b(names)g(m)m(ust)f(b)s(e)g(v)-5 b(alid)35 b(shell)f
Fs(name)p Ft(s.)52 b(That)34 b(is,)i(they)f(ma)m(y)g(not)g(con)m(tain)g
(c)m(haracters)330 3176 y(other)e(than)g(letters,)h(digits,)h(and)d
(underscores,)h(and)f(ma)m(y)h(not)g(start)h(with)e(a)h(digit.)49
b(Declaring)330 3285 y(a)31 b(function)f(with)g(an)g(in)m(v)-5
b(alid)31 b(name)g(causes)f(a)h(fatal)h(syn)m(tax)f(error)f(in)g
(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shells.)154 3422 y(17.)61 b
Fl(posix)30 b Ft(sp)s(ecial)h(builtins)e(are)i(found)e(b)s(efore)h
(shell)h(functions)f(during)f(command)h(lo)s(okup.)154
3559 y(18.)61 b(If)24 b(a)g Fl(posix)g Ft(sp)s(ecial)h(builtin)f
(returns)f(an)h(error)g(status,)i(a)e(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell)e
(exits.)39 b(The)24 b(fatal)330 3669 y(errors)i(are)h(those)f(listed)h
(in)f(the)h(POSIX)e(standard,)i(and)f(include)g(things)g(lik)m(e)i
(passing)e(incorrect)330 3778 y(options,)43 b(redirection)d(errors,)i
(v)-5 b(ariable)41 b(assignmen)m(t)g(errors)e(for)g(assignmen)m(ts)i
(preceding)f(the)330 3888 y(command)30 b(name,)h(and)f(so)g(on.)154
4025 y(19.)61 b(If)34 b Fs(CDPATH)f Ft(is)h(set,)i(the)f
Fs(cd)f Ft(builtin)g(will)g(not)h(implicitly)h(app)s(end)c(the)j
(curren)m(t)f(directory)h(to)g(it.)330 4134 y(This)29
b(means)g(that)h Fs(cd)f Ft(will)h(fail)g(if)g(no)f(v)-5
b(alid)30 b(directory)g(name)f(can)h(b)s(e)f(constructed)h(from)f(an)m
(y)h(of)330 4244 y(the)i(en)m(tries)g(in)f Fs($CDPATH)p
Ft(,)e(ev)m(en)j(if)g(the)f(a)h(directory)g(with)f(the)g(same)h(name)f
(as)h(the)g(name)f(giv)m(en)330 4354 y(as)g(an)f(argumen)m(t)h(to)g
Fs(cd)f Ft(exists)h(in)f(the)g(curren)m(t)g(directory)-8
b(.)154 4491 y(20.)61 b(A)31 b(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell)d(exits)h
(with)e(an)h(error)g(status)g(if)g(a)g(v)-5 b(ariable)32
b(assignmen)m(t)g(error)e(o)s(ccurs)330 4600 y(when)38
b(no)h(command)g(name)g(follo)m(ws)i(the)e(assignmen)m(t)h(statemen)m
(ts.)69 b(A)39 b(v)-5 b(ariable)40 b(assignmen)m(t)330
4710 y(error)30 b(o)s(ccurs,)g(for)g(example,)i(when)d(trying)i(to)g
(assign)f(a)h(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(to)g(a)g(readonly)f(v)-5
b(ariable.)154 4847 y(21.)61 b(A)43 b(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)i(shell)e
(exits)h(with)f(an)f(error)h(status)g(if)g(the)g(iteration)h(v)-5
b(ariable)44 b(in)f(a)g Fs(for)330 4956 y Ft(statemen)m(t)32
b(or)f(the)f(selection)i(v)-5 b(ariable)32 b(in)e(a)g
Fs(select)f Ft(statemen)m(t)j(is)f(a)f(readonly)h(v)-5
b(ariable.)154 5093 y(22.)61 b(Pro)s(cess)30 b(substitution)g(is)h(not)
f(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable.)154 5230 y(23.)61 b(Assignmen)m(t)23
b(statemen)m(ts)h(preceding)e Fl(posix)f Ft(sp)s(ecial)i(builtins)f(p)s
(ersist)g(in)f(the)i(shell)f(en)m(vironmen)m(t)330 5340
y(after)31 b(the)f(builtin)g(completes.)p eop end
%%Page: 86 92
TeXDict begin 86 91 bop 150 -116 a Ft(86)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)154 299 y(24.)61 b(Assignmen)m(t)35
b(statemen)m(ts)h(preceding)f(shell)f(function)g(calls)i(p)s(ersist)e
(in)g(the)h(shell)f(en)m(vironmen)m(t)330 408 y(after)d(the)f(function)
h(returns,)e(as)i(if)f(a)h Fl(posix)e Ft(sp)s(ecial)i(builtin)f
(command)g(had)g(b)s(een)g(executed.)154 535 y(25.)61
b(The)38 b Fs(export)f Ft(and)g Fs(readonly)f Ft(builtin)i(commands)g
(displa)m(y)h(their)f(output)g(in)g(the)h(format)g(re-)330
645 y(quired)30 b(b)m(y)g Fl(posix)p Ft(.)154 772 y(26.)61
b(The)30 b Fs(trap)f Ft(builtin)h(displa)m(ys)g(signal)i(names)e
(without)g(the)h(leading)g Fs(SIG)p Ft(.)154 899 y(27.)61
b(The)39 b Fs(trap)e Ft(builtin)i(do)s(esn't)g(c)m(hec)m(k)h(the)g
(\014rst)e(argumen)m(t)i(for)e(a)i(p)s(ossible)e(signal)i(sp)s
(eci\014cation)330 1008 y(and)30 b(rev)m(ert)i(the)e(signal)i(handling)
e(to)h(the)g(original)h(disp)s(osition)e(if)h(it)g(is,)g(unless)f(that)
h(argumen)m(t)330 1118 y(consists)e(solely)g(of)g(digits)g(and)f(is)g
(a)h(v)-5 b(alid)29 b(signal)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er.)38 b(If)28
b(users)g(w)m(an)m(t)h(to)g(reset)g(the)g(handler)330
1228 y(for)h(a)g(giv)m(en)h(signal)g(to)f(the)h(original)g(disp)s
(osition,)f(they)g(should)f(use)h(`)p Fs(-)p Ft(')g(as)g(the)g(\014rst)
f(argumen)m(t.)154 1354 y(28.)61 b(The)21 b Fs(.)h Ft(and)f
Fs(source)f Ft(builtins)h(do)g(not)h(searc)m(h)h(the)f(curren)m(t)f
(directory)h(for)g(the)g(\014lename)f(argumen)m(t)330
1464 y(if)30 b(it)h(is)g(not)f(found)f(b)m(y)i(searc)m(hing)g
Fs(PATH)p Ft(.)154 1591 y(29.)61 b(Subshells)20 b(spa)m(wned)h(to)h
(execute)g(command)g(substitutions)f(inherit)g(the)g(v)-5
b(alue)22 b(of)g(the)f(`)p Fs(-e)p Ft(')g(option)330
1700 y(from)34 b(the)h(paren)m(t)g(shell.)55 b(When)34
b(not)i(in)e Fl(posix)g Ft(mo)s(de,)i(Bash)f(clears)h(the)f(`)p
Fs(-e)p Ft(')f(option)i(in)e(suc)m(h)330 1810 y(subshells.)154
1937 y(30.)61 b(Alias)31 b(expansion)g(is)f(alw)m(a)m(ys)i(enabled,)e
(ev)m(en)i(in)e(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shells.)154 2064
y(31.)61 b(When)43 b(the)g Fs(alias)f Ft(builtin)g(displa)m(ys)i(alias)
g(de\014nitions,)i(it)d(do)s(es)g(not)g(displa)m(y)h(them)f(with)g(a)
330 2173 y(leading)31 b(`)p Fs(alias)e Ft(')i(unless)f(the)g(`)p
Fs(-p)p Ft(')g(option)h(is)g(supplied.)154 2300 y(32.)61
b(When)40 b(the)g Fs(set)f Ft(builtin)h(is)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h
(without)f(options,)j(it)e(do)s(es)f(not)g(displa)m(y)g(shell)g
(function)330 2410 y(names)30 b(and)g(de\014nitions.)154
2537 y(33.)61 b(When)36 b(the)g Fs(set)g Ft(builtin)g(is)g(in)m(v)m(ok)
m(ed)i(without)e(options,)i(it)f(displa)m(ys)f(v)-5 b(ariable)37
b(v)-5 b(alues)37 b(without)330 2646 y(quotes,)26 b(unless)d(they)i
(con)m(tain)g(shell)f(metac)m(haracters,)k(ev)m(en)d(if)f(the)g(result)
g(con)m(tains)i(nonprin)m(ting)330 2756 y(c)m(haracters.)154
2883 y(34.)61 b(When)35 b(the)g Fs(cd)f Ft(builtin)h(is)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m
(ed)i(in)d Fq(logical)41 b Ft(mo)s(de,)36 b(and)f(the)g(pathname)g
(constructed)g(from)330 2992 y Fs($PWD)i Ft(and)h(the)h(directory)f
(name)h(supplied)e(as)i(an)f(argumen)m(t)h(do)s(es)f(not)g(refer)h(to)g
(an)f(existing)330 3102 y(directory)-8 b(,)32 b Fs(cd)d
Ft(will)i(fail)g(instead)g(of)f(falling)h(bac)m(k)h(to)f
Fq(ph)m(ysical)j Ft(mo)s(de.)154 3229 y(35.)61 b(When)20
b(the)h Fs(pwd)e Ft(builtin)h(is)g(supplied)g(the)g(`)p
Fs(-P)p Ft(')g(option,)j(it)e(resets)g Fs($PWD)e Ft(to)i(a)g(pathname)f
(con)m(taining)330 3339 y(no)30 b(symlinks.)154 3465
y(36.)61 b(The)36 b Fs(pwd)f Ft(builtin)h(v)m(eri\014es)h(that)g(the)f
(v)-5 b(alue)37 b(it)g(prin)m(ts)e(is)i(the)f(same)h(as)f(the)h(curren)
m(t)f(directory)-8 b(,)330 3575 y(ev)m(en)31 b(if)f(it)h(is)g(not)f
(ask)m(ed)h(to)g(c)m(hec)m(k)h(the)f(\014le)f(system)h(with)f(the)h(`)p
Fs(-P)p Ft(')f(option.)154 3702 y(37.)61 b(When)35 b(listing)g(the)g
(history)-8 b(,)36 b(the)f Fs(fc)g Ft(builtin)f(do)s(es)g(not)h
(include)g(an)f(indication)i(of)f(whether)f(or)330 3811
y(not)d(a)f(history)h(en)m(try)f(has)g(b)s(een)g(mo)s(di\014ed.)154
3938 y(38.)61 b(The)30 b(default)g(editor)h(used)f(b)m(y)g
Fs(fc)g Ft(is)g Fs(ed)p Ft(.)154 4065 y(39.)61 b(The)37
b Fs(type)g Ft(and)g Fs(command)f Ft(builtins)i(will)g(not)g(rep)s(ort)
f(a)i(non-executable)g(\014le)f(as)g(ha)m(ving)h(b)s(een)330
4175 y(found,)26 b(though)h(the)g(shell)g(will)g(attempt)h(to)g
(execute)g(suc)m(h)f(a)g(\014le)g(if)g(it)g(is)g(the)g(only)g(so-named)
g(\014le)330 4284 y(found)i(in)h Fs($PATH)p Ft(.)154
4411 y(40.)61 b(The)33 b Fs(vi)f Ft(editing)i(mo)s(de)f(will)g(in)m(v)m
(ok)m(e)i(the)e Fs(vi)g Ft(editor)h(directly)f(when)f(the)i(`)p
Fs(v)p Ft(')f(command)g(is)g(run,)330 4521 y(instead)e(of)f(c)m(hec)m
(king)i Fs($VISUAL)d Ft(and)g Fs($EDITOR)p Ft(.)154 4648
y(41.)61 b(When)41 b(the)g Fs(xpg_echo)e Ft(option)i(is)g(enabled,)j
(Bash)d(do)s(es)g(not)g(attempt)h(to)g(in)m(terpret)f(an)m(y)h(ar-)330
4757 y(gumen)m(ts)35 b(to)g Fs(echo)e Ft(as)i(options.)54
b(Eac)m(h)35 b(argumen)m(t)g(is)f(displa)m(y)m(ed,)j(after)e(escap)s(e)
g(c)m(haracters)h(are)330 4867 y(con)m(v)m(erted.)154
4994 y(42.)61 b(The)30 b Fs(ulimit)f Ft(builtin)g(uses)h(a)h(blo)s(c)m
(k)g(size)g(of)g(512)g(b)m(ytes)g(for)f(the)h(`)p Fs(-c)p
Ft(')f(and)g(`)p Fs(-f)p Ft(')g(options.)154 5121 y(43.)61
b(The)39 b(arriv)-5 b(al)41 b(of)f Fs(SIGCHLD)e Ft(when)h(a)h(trap)g
(is)g(set)h(on)f Fs(SIGCHLD)e Ft(do)s(es)h(not)h(in)m(terrupt)g(the)g
Fs(wait)330 5230 y Ft(builtin)c(and)h(cause)g(it)h(to)f(return)f
(immediately)-8 b(.)62 b(The)37 b(trap)f(command)h(is)g(run)e(once)j
(for)f(eac)m(h)330 5340 y(c)m(hild)31 b(that)g(exits.)p
eop end
%%Page: 87 93
TeXDict begin 87 92 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2484 b(87)275 299 y(There)34
b(is)g(other)h Fl(posix)f Ft(b)s(eha)m(vior)h(that)g(Bash)g(do)s(es)f
(not)h(implemen)m(t)g(b)m(y)g(default)f(ev)m(en)i(when)d(in)150
408 y Fl(posix)d Ft(mo)s(de.)40 b(Sp)s(eci\014cally:)199
543 y(1.)61 b(The)30 b Fs(fc)f Ft(builtin)h(c)m(hec)m(ks)i
Fs($EDITOR)c Ft(as)j(a)f(program)g(to)h(edit)g(history)f(en)m(tries)h
(if)f Fs(FCEDIT)f Ft(is)h(unset,)330 653 y(rather)g(than)g(defaulting)h
(directly)g(to)g Fs(ed)p Ft(.)40 b Fs(fc)30 b Ft(uses)g
Fs(ed)g Ft(if)g Fs(EDITOR)f Ft(is)h(unset.)199 787 y(2.)61
b(As)29 b(noted)g(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e,)i(Bash)e(requires)g(the)g
Fs(xpg_echo)e Ft(option)j(to)g(b)s(e)e(enabled)h(for)g(the)g
Fs(echo)f Ft(builtin)330 897 y(to)j(b)s(e)f(fully)g(conforman)m(t.)275
1056 y(Bash)66 b(can)h(b)s(e)f(con\014gured)g(to)i(b)s(e)e
Fl(posix)p Ft(-conforman)m(t)h(b)m(y)f(default,)77 b(b)m(y)66
b(sp)s(ecifying)h(the)150 1166 y(`)p Fs(--enable-strict-posix-def)o
(ault)o Ft(')i(to)76 b Fs(configure)c Ft(when)i(building)g(\(see)i
(Section)f(10.8)150 1275 y([Optional)31 b(F)-8 b(eatures],)32
b(page)f(129\).)p eop end
%%Page: 88 94
TeXDict begin 88 93 bop eop end
%%Page: 89 95
TeXDict begin 89 94 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(7:)41
b(Job)30 b(Con)m(trol)2571 b(89)150 299 y Fo(7)80 b(Job)54
b(Con)l(trol)150 521 y Ft(This)25 b(c)m(hapter)i(discusses)f(what)g
(job)f(con)m(trol)j(is,)f(ho)m(w)f(it)h(w)m(orks,)g(and)f(ho)m(w)g
(Bash)g(allo)m(ws)h(y)m(ou)g(to)g(access)150 631 y(its)k(facilities.)
150 858 y Fr(7.1)68 b(Job)45 b(Con)l(trol)h(Basics)150
1018 y Ft(Job)27 b(con)m(trol)i(refers)e(to)h(the)g(abilit)m(y)h(to)f
(selectiv)m(ely)j(stop)c(\(susp)s(end\))f(the)i(execution)h(of)e(pro)s
(cesses)h(and)150 1127 y(con)m(tin)m(ue)38 b(\(resume\))g(their)f
(execution)h(at)g(a)g(later)g(p)s(oin)m(t.)61 b(A)37
b(user)g(t)m(ypically)i(emplo)m(ys)f(this)f(facilit)m(y)150
1237 y(via)27 b(an)e(in)m(teractiv)m(e)k(in)m(terface)f(supplied)d
(join)m(tly)h(b)m(y)g(the)h(op)s(erating)f(system)g(k)m(ernel's)h
(terminal)f(driv)m(er)150 1347 y(and)k(Bash.)275 1479
y(The)23 b(shell)i(asso)s(ciates)h(a)f Fq(job)h Ft(with)e(eac)m(h)i
(pip)s(eline.)38 b(It)25 b(k)m(eeps)f(a)h(table)h(of)e(curren)m(tly)h
(executing)g(jobs,)150 1588 y(whic)m(h)33 b(ma)m(y)i(b)s(e)e(listed)h
(with)f(the)h Fs(jobs)f Ft(command.)50 b(When)33 b(Bash)h(starts)g(a)g
(job)g(async)m(hronously)-8 b(,)34 b(it)150 1698 y(prin)m(ts)c(a)h
(line)f(that)h(lo)s(oks)g(lik)m(e:)390 1830 y Fs([1])47
b(25647)150 1962 y Ft(indicating)34 b(that)g(this)f(job)g(is)g(job)g(n)
m(um)m(b)s(er)f(1)i(and)f(that)g(the)h(pro)s(cess)f Fl(id)g
Ft(of)g(the)h(last)g(pro)s(cess)f(in)g(the)150 2072 y(pip)s(eline)42
b(asso)s(ciated)i(with)e(this)g(job)g(is)h(25647.)78
b(All)43 b(of)g(the)g(pro)s(cesses)f(in)g(a)h(single)g(pip)s(eline)f
(are)150 2181 y(mem)m(b)s(ers)30 b(of)g(the)h(same)f(job.)41
b(Bash)30 b(uses)g(the)h Fq(job)h Ft(abstraction)f(as)g(the)g(basis)f
(for)g(job)g(con)m(trol.)275 2313 y(T)-8 b(o)23 b(facilitate)j(the)d
(implemen)m(tation)i(of)f(the)f(user)f(in)m(terface)j(to)f(job)f(con)m
(trol,)j(the)d(op)s(erating)h(system)150 2423 y(main)m(tains)j(the)f
(notion)h(of)f(a)g(curren)m(t)g(terminal)g(pro)s(cess)g(group)g
Fl(id)p Ft(.)39 b(Mem)m(b)s(ers)26 b(of)g(this)g(pro)s(cess)f(group)150
2533 y(\(pro)s(cesses)h(whose)g(pro)s(cess)g(group)g
Fl(id)g Ft(is)h(equal)g(to)g(the)f(curren)m(t)g(terminal)h(pro)s(cess)f
(group)f Fl(id)p Ft(\))i(receiv)m(e)150 2642 y(k)m(eyb)s
(oard-generated)22 b(signals)g(suc)m(h)e(as)h Fs(SIGINT)p
Ft(.)36 b(These)21 b(pro)s(cesses)g(are)g(said)g(to)g(b)s(e)g(in)f(the)
h(foreground.)150 2752 y(Bac)m(kground)38 b(pro)s(cesses)f(are)h(those)
g(whose)f(pro)s(cess)g(group)g Fl(id)h Ft(di\013ers)f(from)g(the)g
(terminal's;)42 b(suc)m(h)150 2861 y(pro)s(cesses)24
b(are)g(imm)m(une)g(to)g(k)m(eyb)s(oard-generated)h(signals.)40
b(Only)23 b(foreground)g(pro)s(cesses)h(are)g(allo)m(w)m(ed)150
2971 y(to)g(read)e(from)h(or,)h(if)f(the)g(user)f(so)i(sp)s(eci\014es)e
(with)h Fs(stty)29 b(tostop)p Ft(,)23 b(write)g(to)g(the)h(terminal.)38
b(Bac)m(kground)150 3081 y(pro)s(cesses)27 b(whic)m(h)g(attempt)h(to)f
(read)g(from)g(\(write)g(to)h(when)e Fs(stty)j(tostop)d
Ft(is)h(in)f(e\013ect\))j(the)e(terminal)150 3190 y(are)32
b(sen)m(t)g(a)g Fs(SIGTTIN)e Ft(\()p Fs(SIGTTOU)p Ft(\))g(signal)i(b)m
(y)g(the)g(k)m(ernel's)g(terminal)g(driv)m(er,)g(whic)m(h,)g(unless)f
(caugh)m(t,)150 3300 y(susp)s(ends)d(the)i(pro)s(cess.)275
3432 y(If)k(the)i(op)s(erating)g(system)f(on)h(whic)m(h)f(Bash)g(is)h
(running)d(supp)s(orts)h(job)h(con)m(trol,)j(Bash)e(con)m(tains)150
3541 y(facilities)30 b(to)f(use)f(it.)40 b(T)m(yping)28
b(the)g Fq(susp)s(end)h Ft(c)m(haracter)h(\(t)m(ypically)g(`)p
Fs(^Z)p Ft(',)f(Con)m(trol-Z\))g(while)f(a)g(pro)s(cess)150
3651 y(is)42 b(running)f(causes)i(that)g(pro)s(cess)f(to)h(b)s(e)f
(stopp)s(ed)f(and)h(returns)f(con)m(trol)j(to)f(Bash.)77
b(T)m(yping)42 b(the)150 3761 y Fq(dela)m(y)m(ed)k(susp)s(end)f
Ft(c)m(haracter)h(\(t)m(ypically)g(`)p Fs(^Y)p Ft(',)i(Con)m(trol-Y\))e
(causes)e(the)h(pro)s(cess)e(to)i(b)s(e)f(stopp)s(ed)150
3870 y(when)26 b(it)i(attempts)h(to)f(read)f(input)g(from)f(the)i
(terminal,)h(and)e(con)m(trol)h(to)g(b)s(e)f(returned)f(to)j(Bash.)39
b(The)150 3980 y(user)e(then)g(manipulates)h(the)g(state)h(of)f(this)f
(job,)j(using)d(the)h Fs(bg)f Ft(command)g(to)h(con)m(tin)m(ue)h(it)f
(in)g(the)150 4089 y(bac)m(kground,)g(the)f Fs(fg)g Ft(command)f(to)i
(con)m(tin)m(ue)g(it)f(in)f(the)h(foreground,)h(or)f(the)g
Fs(kill)f Ft(command)g(to)150 4199 y(kill)27 b(it.)40
b(A)27 b(`)p Fs(^Z)p Ft(')g(tak)m(es)h(e\013ect)g(immediately)-8
b(,)29 b(and)d(has)h(the)f(additional)i(side)e(e\013ect)j(of)d(causing)
h(p)s(ending)150 4309 y(output)j(and)g(t)m(yp)s(eahead)h(to)g(b)s(e)e
(discarded.)275 4441 y(There)j(are)g(a)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)i(w)m(a)m
(ys)g(to)h(refer)e(to)h(a)g(job)f(in)g(the)h(shell.)47
b(The)32 b(c)m(haracter)i(`)p Fs(\045)p Ft(')f(in)m(tro)s(duces)150
4550 y(a)e(job)f(sp)s(eci\014cation)h(\()p Fq(jobsp)s(ec)6
b Ft(\).)275 4682 y(Job)31 b(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f Fs(n)h
Ft(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(referred)g(to)h(as)g(`)p Fs(\045n)p
Ft('.)44 b(The)31 b(sym)m(b)s(ols)g(`)p Fs(\045\045)p
Ft(')h(and)f(`)p Fs(\045+)p Ft(')g(refer)h(to)g(the)g(shell's)150
4792 y(notion)k(of)f(the)g(curren)m(t)g(job,)h(whic)m(h)f(is)g(the)g
(last)h(job)f(stopp)s(ed)f(while)h(it)h(w)m(as)g(in)e(the)i(foreground)
e(or)150 4902 y(started)27 b(in)g(the)g(bac)m(kground.)40
b(A)27 b(single)g(`)p Fs(\045)p Ft(')g(\(with)g(no)g(accompan)m(ying)i
(job)d(sp)s(eci\014cation\))i(also)g(refers)150 5011
y(to)k(the)e(curren)m(t)h(job.)42 b(The)30 b(previous)g(job)h(ma)m(y)g
(b)s(e)f(referenced)h(using)f(`)p Fs(\045-)p Ft('.)42
b(If)30 b(there)h(is)g(only)g(a)g(single)150 5121 y(job,)g(`)p
Fs(\045+)p Ft(')g(and)f(`)p Fs(\045-)p Ft(')h(can)h(b)s(oth)e(b)s(e)g
(used)h(to)g(refer)g(to)h(that)g(job.)42 b(In)30 b(output)h(p)s
(ertaining)g(to)g(jobs)g(\(e.g.,)150 5230 y(the)39 b(output)f(of)g(the)
h Fs(jobs)e Ft(command\),)k(the)d(curren)m(t)h(job)f(is)g(alw)m(a)m(ys)
i(\015agged)f(with)f(a)h(`)p Fs(+)p Ft(',)i(and)d(the)150
5340 y(previous)30 b(job)g(with)g(a)h(`)p Fs(-)p Ft('.)p
eop end
%%Page: 90 96
TeXDict begin 90 95 bop 150 -116 a Ft(90)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)275 299 y(A)38 b(job)g(ma)m(y)h(also)g(b)s(e)f
(referred)f(to)j(using)d(a)i(pre\014x)e(of)i(the)f(name)h(used)e(to)i
(start)g(it,)i(or)e(using)f(a)150 408 y(substring)29
b(that)i(app)s(ears)f(in)g(its)h(command)f(line.)41 b(F)-8
b(or)31 b(example,)g(`)p Fs(\045ce)p Ft(')f(refers)g(to)h(a)g(stopp)s
(ed)e Fs(ce)h Ft(job.)150 518 y(Using)d(`)p Fs(\045?ce)p
Ft(',)g(on)f(the)h(other)g(hand,)g(refers)f(to)h(an)m(y)g(job)g(con)m
(taining)h(the)f(string)f(`)p Fs(ce)p Ft(')h(in)f(its)h(command)150
628 y(line.)41 b(If)30 b(the)h(pre\014x)e(or)h(substring)f(matc)m(hes)j
(more)e(than)h(one)f(job,)h(Bash)f(rep)s(orts)g(an)g(error.)275
762 y(Simply)g(naming)h(a)g(job)g(can)g(b)s(e)f(used)h(to)g(bring)f(it)
i(in)m(to)g(the)f(foreground:)41 b(`)p Fs(\0451)p Ft(')31
b(is)g(a)h(synon)m(ym)e(for)150 871 y(`)p Fs(fg)g(\0451)p
Ft(',)i(bringing)f(job)g(1)g(from)g(the)h(bac)m(kground)f(in)m(to)i
(the)e(foreground.)44 b(Similarly)-8 b(,)32 b(`)p Fs(\0451)e(&)p
Ft(')i(resumes)150 981 y(job)e(1)h(in)f(the)g(bac)m(kground,)h(equiv)-5
b(alen)m(t)32 b(to)f(`)p Fs(bg)f(\0451)p Ft(')275 1115
y(The)g(shell)i(learns)f(immediately)i(whenev)m(er)e(a)h(job)f(c)m
(hanges)h(state.)45 b(Normally)-8 b(,)33 b(Bash)e(w)m(aits)i(un)m(til)
150 1224 y(it)25 b(is)g(ab)s(out)f(to)i(prin)m(t)e(a)h(prompt)f(b)s
(efore)g(rep)s(orting)h(c)m(hanges)g(in)g(a)g(job's)f(status)h(so)g(as)
g(to)g(not)g(in)m(terrupt)150 1334 y(an)m(y)g(other)g(output.)39
b(If)24 b(the)i(`)p Fs(-b)p Ft(')e(option)i(to)f(the)g
Fs(set)f Ft(builtin)h(is)g(enabled,)h(Bash)f(rep)s(orts)f(suc)m(h)h(c)m
(hanges)150 1443 y(immediately)g(\(see)g(Section)g(4.3.1)g([The)f(Set)g
(Builtin],)i(page)f(51\).)40 b(An)m(y)24 b(trap)f(on)h
Fs(SIGCHLD)e Ft(is)i(executed)150 1553 y(for)30 b(eac)m(h)i(c)m(hild)e
(pro)s(cess)g(that)h(exits.)275 1687 y(If)25 b(an)h(attempt)h(to)g
(exit)g(Bash)f(is)h(made)f(while)g(jobs)f(are)i(stopp)s(ed,)f(\(or)h
(running,)e(if)h(the)g Fs(checkjobs)150 1796 y Ft(option)e(is)f
(enabled)h({)g(see)g(Section)g(4.3.2)h([The)e(Shopt)g(Builtin],)j(page)
e(55\),)i(the)e(shell)f(prin)m(ts)g(a)h(w)m(arning)150
1906 y(message,)k(and)c(if)i(the)f Fs(checkjobs)e Ft(option)j(is)f
(enabled,)i(lists)e(the)h(jobs)f(and)f(their)i(statuses.)39
b(The)25 b Fs(jobs)150 2016 y Ft(command)36 b(ma)m(y)h(then)f(b)s(e)f
(used)g(to)i(insp)s(ect)f(their)g(status.)59 b(If)36
b(a)g(second)g(attempt)i(to)f(exit)g(is)f(made)150 2125
y(without)e(an)f(in)m(terv)m(ening)i(command,)f(Bash)g(do)s(es)f(not)h
(prin)m(t)g(another)f(w)m(arning,)i(and)e(an)m(y)h(stopp)s(ed)150
2235 y(jobs)c(are)h(terminated.)150 2466 y Fr(7.2)68
b(Job)45 b(Con)l(trol)h(Builtins)150 2650 y Fs(bg)870
2784 y(bg)h([)p Fi(jobspec)56 b Fs(...)o(])630 2918 y
Ft(Resume)24 b(eac)m(h)h(susp)s(ended)d(job)i Fq(jobsp)s(ec)29
b Ft(in)24 b(the)g(bac)m(kground,)h(as)g(if)f(it)h(had)e(b)s(een)g
(started)630 3027 y(with)32 b(`)p Fs(&)p Ft('.)45 b(If)31
b Fq(jobsp)s(ec)37 b Ft(is)32 b(not)g(supplied,)f(the)h(curren)m(t)g
(job)f(is)h(used.)45 b(The)31 b(return)g(status)630 3137
y(is)i(zero)g(unless)f(it)h(is)g(run)e(when)h(job)g(con)m(trol)i(is)f
(not)g(enabled,)h(or,)f(when)f(run)f(with)h(job)630 3246
y(con)m(trol)h(enabled,)g(an)m(y)f Fq(jobsp)s(ec)37 b
Ft(w)m(as)32 b(not)g(found)f(or)g(sp)s(eci\014es)h(a)g(job)g(that)g(w)m
(as)g(started)630 3356 y(without)e(job)g(con)m(trol.)150
3514 y Fs(fg)870 3648 y(fg)47 b([)p Fi(jobspec)11 b Fs(])630
3782 y Ft(Resume)43 b(the)g(job)g Fq(jobsp)s(ec)48 b
Ft(in)43 b(the)g(foreground)g(and)f(mak)m(e)j(it)e(the)h(curren)m(t)f
(job.)78 b(If)630 3891 y Fq(jobsp)s(ec)41 b Ft(is)c(not)f(supplied,)h
(the)f(curren)m(t)h(job)f(is)g(used.)58 b(The)36 b(return)f(status)h
(is)h(that)g(of)630 4001 y(the)d(command)g(placed)h(in)m(to)g(the)f
(foreground,)g(or)g(non-zero)h(if)f(run)f(when)g(job)g(con)m(trol)630
4111 y(is)i(disabled)g(or,)i(when)d(run)g(with)h(job)g(con)m(trol)h
(enabled,)h Fq(jobsp)s(ec)j Ft(do)s(es)35 b(not)h(sp)s(ecify)f(a)630
4220 y(v)-5 b(alid)31 b(job)f(or)g Fq(jobsp)s(ec)35 b
Ft(sp)s(eci\014es)30 b(a)h(job)f(that)h(w)m(as)g(started)g(without)f
(job)g(con)m(trol.)150 4378 y Fs(jobs)870 4512 y(jobs)47
b([-lnprs])e([)p Fi(jobspec)11 b Fs(])870 4622 y(jobs)47
b(-x)g Fi(command)56 b Fs([)p Fi(arguments)11 b Fs(])630
4756 y Ft(The)30 b(\014rst)f(form)h(lists)h(the)g(activ)m(e)h(jobs.)41
b(The)30 b(options)g(ha)m(v)m(e)i(the)e(follo)m(wing)i(meanings:)630
4914 y Fs(-l)384 b Ft(List)31 b(pro)s(cess)f Fl(id)p
Ft(s)g(in)g(addition)h(to)g(the)f(normal)h(information.)630
5072 y Fs(-n)384 b Ft(Displa)m(y)26 b(information)f(only)h(ab)s(out)e
(jobs)h(that)g(ha)m(v)m(e)i(c)m(hanged)e(status)h(since)1110
5182 y(the)31 b(user)e(w)m(as)i(last)g(noti\014ed)f(of)h(their)f
(status.)630 5340 y Fs(-p)384 b Ft(List)31 b(only)f(the)h(pro)s(cess)f
Fl(id)g Ft(of)h(the)f(job's)g(pro)s(cess)g(group)g(leader.)p
eop end
%%Page: 91 97
TeXDict begin 91 96 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(7:)41
b(Job)30 b(Con)m(trol)2571 b(91)630 299 y Fs(-r)384 b
Ft(Restrict)31 b(output)f(to)i(running)c(jobs.)630 461
y Fs(-s)384 b Ft(Restrict)31 b(output)f(to)i(stopp)s(ed)d(jobs.)630
622 y(If)23 b Fq(jobsp)s(ec)28 b Ft(is)c(giv)m(en,)i(output)d(is)h
(restricted)g(to)g(information)g(ab)s(out)f(that)h(job.)39
b(If)23 b Fq(jobsp)s(ec)630 732 y Ft(is)30 b(not)h(supplied,)e(the)i
(status)g(of)f(all)h(jobs)f(is)h(listed.)630 868 y(If)g(the)g(`)p
Fs(-x)p Ft(')g(option)h(is)f(supplied,)g Fs(jobs)f Ft(replaces)i(an)m
(y)f Fq(jobsp)s(ec)37 b Ft(found)29 b(in)i Fq(command)k
Ft(or)630 977 y Fq(argumen)m(ts)41 b Ft(with)36 b(the)i(corresp)s
(onding)d(pro)s(cess)i(group)f Fl(id)p Ft(,)j(and)d(executes)i
Fq(command)t Ft(,)630 1087 y(passing)30 b(it)h Fq(argumen)m(t)r
Ft(s,)g(returning)f(its)g(exit)i(status.)150 1249 y Fs(kill)870
1384 y(kill)47 b([-s)g Fi(sigspec)11 b Fs(])45 b([-n)i
Fi(signum)11 b Fs(])45 b([-)p Fi(sigspec)11 b Fs(])44
b Fi(jobspec)57 b Fs(or)47 b Fi(pid)870 1494 y Fs(kill)g(-l)g([)p
Fi(exit_status)11 b Fs(])630 1630 y Ft(Send)22 b(a)i(signal)g(sp)s
(eci\014ed)f(b)m(y)g Fq(sigsp)s(ec)29 b Ft(or)24 b Fq(sign)m(um)f
Ft(to)h(the)g(pro)s(cess)f(named)g(b)m(y)g(job)g(sp)s(eci\014-)630
1739 y(cation)j Fq(jobsp)s(ec)k Ft(or)25 b(pro)s(cess)g
Fl(id)g Fq(pid)t Ft(.)38 b Fq(sigsp)s(ec)31 b Ft(is)25
b(either)g(a)h(case-insensitiv)m(e)h(signal)f(name)630
1849 y(suc)m(h)k(as)h Fs(SIGINT)d Ft(\(with)j(or)f(without)h(the)f
Fs(SIG)g Ft(pre\014x\))f(or)i(a)f(signal)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er;)f
Fq(sign)m(um)g Ft(is)630 1958 y(a)i(signal)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er.)43
b(If)31 b Fq(sigsp)s(ec)37 b Ft(and)31 b Fq(sign)m(um)g
Ft(are)h(not)f(presen)m(t,)h Fs(SIGTERM)e Ft(is)h(used.)43
b(The)630 2068 y(`)p Fs(-l)p Ft(')34 b(option)g(lists)h(the)f(signal)h
(names.)51 b(If)33 b(an)m(y)i(argumen)m(ts)f(are)g(supplied)f(when)g(`)
p Fs(-l)p Ft(')h(is)630 2178 y(giv)m(en,)e(the)g(names)e(of)i(the)f
(signals)g(corresp)s(onding)f(to)i(the)f(argumen)m(ts)g(are)h(listed,)g
(and)630 2287 y(the)c(return)f(status)h(is)g(zero.)41
b Fq(exit)p 1796 2287 28 4 v 41 w(status)32 b Ft(is)c(a)g(n)m(um)m(b)s
(er)f(sp)s(ecifying)g(a)i(signal)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(or)630
2397 y(the)35 b(exit)h(status)f(of)g(a)g(pro)s(cess)g(terminated)g(b)m
(y)g(a)g(signal.)55 b(The)34 b(return)g(status)h(is)g(zero)630
2506 y(if)c(at)h(least)g(one)g(signal)f(w)m(as)h(successfully)f(sen)m
(t,)h(or)f(non-zero)h(if)f(an)g(error)f(o)s(ccurs)h(or)g(an)630
2616 y(in)m(v)-5 b(alid)31 b(option)g(is)f(encoun)m(tered.)150
2778 y Fs(wait)870 2913 y(wait)47 b([)p Fi(jobspec)56
b Fs(or)47 b Fi(pid)57 b Fs(...])630 3049 y Ft(W)-8 b(ait)28
b(un)m(til)f(the)f(c)m(hild)h(pro)s(cess)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(b)m(y)g
(eac)m(h)h(pro)s(cess)f Fl(id)h Fq(pid)i Ft(or)d(job)g(sp)s
(eci\014cation)630 3159 y Fq(jobsp)s(ec)40 b Ft(exits)35
b(and)f(return)g(the)g(exit)i(status)f(of)g(the)g(last)g(command)f(w)m
(aited)i(for.)53 b(If)35 b(a)630 3268 y(job)g(sp)s(ec)f(is)h(giv)m(en,)
i(all)f(pro)s(cesses)f(in)f(the)h(job)g(are)g(w)m(aited)h(for.)54
b(If)35 b(no)f(argumen)m(ts)i(are)630 3378 y(giv)m(en,)d(all)f(curren)m
(tly)f(activ)m(e)i(c)m(hild)f(pro)s(cesses)f(are)g(w)m(aited)h(for,)g
(and)e(the)i(return)e(status)630 3487 y(is)h(zero.)44
b(If)30 b(neither)h Fq(jobsp)s(ec)36 b Ft(nor)31 b Fq(pid)i
Ft(sp)s(eci\014es)e(an)g(activ)m(e)i(c)m(hild)f(pro)s(cess)e(of)h(the)g
(shell,)630 3597 y(the)g(return)e(status)i(is)f(127.)150
3759 y Fs(disown)870 3894 y(disown)46 b([-ar])g([-h])h([)p
Fi(jobspec)56 b Fs(...)o(])630 4030 y Ft(Without)32 b(options,)g(eac)m
(h)h Fq(jobsp)s(ec)j Ft(is)c(remo)m(v)m(ed)g(from)f(the)h(table)g(of)g
(activ)m(e)h(jobs.)44 b(If)31 b(the)630 4140 y(`)p Fs(-h)p
Ft(')36 b(option)h(is)g(giv)m(en,)i(the)e(job)f(is)h(not)f(remo)m(v)m
(ed)i(from)e(the)h(table,)i(but)d(is)g(mark)m(ed)h(so)630
4249 y(that)d Fs(SIGHUP)d Ft(is)j(not)f(sen)m(t)h(to)g(the)f(job)g(if)g
(the)h(shell)f(receiv)m(es)i(a)f Fs(SIGHUP)p Ft(.)47
b(If)33 b Fq(jobsp)s(ec)38 b Ft(is)630 4359 y(not)32
b(presen)m(t,)f(and)g(neither)h(the)f(`)p Fs(-a)p Ft(')g(nor)g(`)p
Fs(-r)p Ft(')g(option)h(is)g(supplied,)e(the)i(curren)m(t)f(job)g(is)
630 4468 y(used.)58 b(If)36 b(no)g Fq(jobsp)s(ec)41 b
Ft(is)36 b(supplied,)h(the)g(`)p Fs(-a)p Ft(')f(option)h(means)f(to)h
(remo)m(v)m(e)h(or)e(mark)g(all)630 4578 y(jobs;)28 b(the)f(`)p
Fs(-r)p Ft(')g(option)g(without)g(a)g Fq(jobsp)s(ec)32
b Ft(argumen)m(t)27 b(restricts)h(op)s(eration)f(to)h(running)630
4688 y(jobs.)150 4849 y Fs(suspend)870 4985 y(suspend)46
b([-f])630 5121 y Ft(Susp)s(end)31 b(the)i(execution)h(of)g(this)f
(shell)g(un)m(til)h(it)g(receiv)m(es)h(a)e Fs(SIGCONT)f
Ft(signal.)50 b(A)33 b(login)630 5230 y(shell)24 b(cannot)h(b)s(e)e
(susp)s(ended;)h(the)g(`)p Fs(-f)p Ft(')g(option)g(can)h(b)s(e)e(used)g
(to)i(o)m(v)m(erride)g(this)f(and)f(force)630 5340 y(the)31
b(susp)s(ension.)p eop end
%%Page: 92 98
TeXDict begin 92 97 bop 150 -116 a Ft(92)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)275 299 y(When)f(job)f(con)m(trol)j(is)e(not)h
(activ)m(e,)i(the)d Fs(kill)f Ft(and)h Fs(wait)f Ft(builtins)g(do)h
(not)h(accept)h Fq(jobsp)s(ec)j Ft(argu-)150 408 y(men)m(ts.)41
b(They)30 b(m)m(ust)g(b)s(e)g(supplied)f(pro)s(cess)h
Fl(id)p Ft(s.)150 641 y Fr(7.3)68 b(Job)45 b(Con)l(trol)h(V)-11
b(ariables)150 825 y Fs(auto_resume)630 935 y Ft(This)31
b(v)-5 b(ariable)32 b(con)m(trols)g(ho)m(w)g(the)f(shell)h(in)m
(teracts)h(with)e(the)h(user)e(and)h(job)g(con)m(trol.)45
b(If)630 1044 y(this)28 b(v)-5 b(ariable)30 b(exists)f(then)f(single)h
(w)m(ord)f(simple)h(commands)f(without)g(redirections)i(are)630
1154 y(treated)h(as)g(candidates)f(for)g(resumption)g(of)g(an)g
(existing)h(job.)41 b(There)29 b(is)h(no)h(am)m(biguit)m(y)630
1264 y(allo)m(w)m(ed;)f(if)d(there)g(is)g(more)g(than)f(one)h(job)g(b)s
(eginning)f(with)g(the)h(string)g(t)m(yp)s(ed,)g(then)g(the)630
1373 y(most)j(recen)m(tly)h(accessed)f(job)f(will)h(b)s(e)f(selected.)
42 b(The)29 b(name)g(of)h(a)g(stopp)s(ed)e(job,)i(in)f(this)630
1483 y(con)m(text,)h(is)e(the)g(command)g(line)g(used)f(to)h(start)g
(it.)41 b(If)27 b(this)h(v)-5 b(ariable)28 b(is)g(set)g(to)h(the)e(v)-5
b(alue)630 1592 y(`)p Fs(exact)p Ft(',)33 b(the)g(string)g(supplied)f
(m)m(ust)h(matc)m(h)g(the)h(name)f(of)g(a)g(stopp)s(ed)f(job)h
(exactly;)j(if)630 1702 y(set)29 b(to)h(`)p Fs(substring)p
Ft(',)d(the)i(string)g(supplied)e(needs)i(to)g(matc)m(h)h(a)f
(substring)f(of)h(the)g(name)630 1812 y(of)38 b(a)f(stopp)s(ed)g(job.)
62 b(The)37 b(`)p Fs(substring)p Ft(')e(v)-5 b(alue)38
b(pro)m(vides)f(functionalit)m(y)i(analogous)g(to)630
1921 y(the)f(`)p Fs(\045?)p Ft(')f(job)h Fl(id)f Ft(\(see)i(Section)f
(7.1)h([Job)f(Con)m(trol)g(Basics],)j(page)d(89\).)64
b(If)37 b(set)h(to)h(an)m(y)630 2031 y(other)32 b(v)-5
b(alue,)32 b(the)g(supplied)e(string)i(m)m(ust)f(b)s(e)g(a)h(pre\014x)f
(of)h(a)g(stopp)s(ed)e(job's)i(name;)g(this)630 2140
y(pro)m(vides)e(functionalit)m(y)i(analogous)g(to)f(the)g(`)p
Fs(\045)p Ft(')f(job)g Fl(id)p Ft(.)p eop end
%%Page: 93 99
TeXDict begin 93 98 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2107 b(93)150 299 y Fo(8)80
b(Command)54 b(Line)f(Editing)150 640 y Ft(This)28 b(c)m(hapter)i
(describ)s(es)e(the)h(basic)g(features)h(of)f(the)g Fl(gnu)f
Ft(command)h(line)g(editing)h(in)m(terface.)42 b(Com-)150
749 y(mand)c(line)i(editing)f(is)g(pro)m(vided)g(b)m(y)g(the)g
(Readline)h(library)-8 b(,)41 b(whic)m(h)e(is)g(used)f(b)m(y)h(sev)m
(eral)h(di\013eren)m(t)150 859 y(programs,)34 b(including)e(Bash.)49
b(Command)32 b(line)i(editing)f(is)g(enabled)g(b)m(y)g(default)g(when)f
(using)h(an)g(in-)150 969 y(teractiv)m(e)c(shell,)f(unless)e(the)h(`)p
Fs(--noediting)p Ft(')d(option)k(is)e(supplied)g(at)h(shell)g(in)m(v)m
(o)s(cation.)42 b(Line)26 b(editing)150 1078 y(is)i(also)h(used)e(when)
h(using)f(the)h(`)p Fs(-e)p Ft(')g(option)h(to)g(the)f
Fs(read)f Ft(builtin)h(command)f(\(see)i(Section)g(4.2)h([Bash)150
1188 y(Builtins],)37 b(page)f(41\).)57 b(By)36 b(default,)h(the)e(line)
h(editing)g(commands)f(are)h(similar)f(to)i(those)e(of)h(emacs.)150
1297 y(A)f(vi-st)m(yle)h(line)f(editing)g(in)m(terface)h(is)e(also)i(a)
m(v)-5 b(ailable.)55 b(Line)34 b(editing)h(can)g(b)s(e)f(enabled)g(at)h
(an)m(y)g(time)150 1407 y(using)28 b(the)i(`)p Fs(-o)g(emacs)p
Ft(')d(or)i(`)p Fs(-o)h(vi)p Ft(')f(options)g(to)h(the)f
Fs(set)f Ft(builtin)h(command)g(\(see)h(Section)f(4.3.1)i([The)150
1517 y(Set)g(Builtin],)g(page)g(51\),)h(or)e(disabled)g(using)g(the)h
(`)p Fs(+o)f(emacs)p Ft(')f(or)h(`)p Fs(+o)g(vi)p Ft(')g(options)h(to)g
Fs(set)p Ft(.)150 1802 y Fr(8.1)68 b(In)l(tro)t(duction)45
b(to)g(Line)h(Editing)150 1962 y Ft(The)30 b(follo)m(wing)i(paragraphs)
d(describ)s(e)h(the)h(notation)g(used)f(to)h(represen)m(t)f(k)m
(eystrok)m(es.)275 2132 y(The)35 b(text)i Fi(C-k)f Ft(is)g(read)g(as)h
(`Con)m(trol-K')g(and)f(describ)s(es)f(the)h(c)m(haracter)i(pro)s
(duced)d(when)g(the)h Fs(k)150 2242 y Ft(k)m(ey)31 b(is)g(pressed)e
(while)h(the)h(Con)m(trol)g(k)m(ey)g(is)g(depressed.)275
2412 y(The)g(text)i Fi(M-k)e Ft(is)h(read)f(as)i(`Meta-K')g(and)f
(describ)s(es)f(the)h(c)m(haracter)h(pro)s(duced)e(when)f(the)i(Meta)
150 2521 y(k)m(ey)i(\(if)f(y)m(ou)h(ha)m(v)m(e)g(one\))g(is)f
(depressed,)g(and)f(the)h Fs(k)g Ft(k)m(ey)h(is)f(pressed.)48
b(The)32 b(Meta)j(k)m(ey)e(is)h(lab)s(eled)f Fs(ALT)150
2631 y Ft(on)c(man)m(y)h(k)m(eyb)s(oards.)40 b(On)29
b(k)m(eyb)s(oards)g(with)h(t)m(w)m(o)h(k)m(eys)f(lab)s(eled)g
Fs(ALT)e Ft(\(usually)i(to)g(either)g(side)g(of)g(the)150
2740 y(space)h(bar\),)f(the)g Fs(ALT)f Ft(on)h(the)g(left)h(side)f(is)g
(generally)h(set)f(to)h(w)m(ork)f(as)g(a)h(Meta)g(k)m(ey)-8
b(.)42 b(The)29 b Fs(ALT)g Ft(k)m(ey)i(on)150 2850 y(the)c(righ)m(t)h
(ma)m(y)g(also)g(b)s(e)f(con\014gured)f(to)i(w)m(ork)f(as)h(a)f(Meta)i
(k)m(ey)f(or)f(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(con\014gured)h(as)g(some)h(other)150
2960 y(mo)s(di\014er,)i(suc)m(h)g(as)g(a)h(Comp)s(ose)f(k)m(ey)h(for)f
(t)m(yping)h(accen)m(ted)h(c)m(haracters.)275 3130 y(If)23
b(y)m(ou)i(do)f(not)h(ha)m(v)m(e)h(a)f(Meta)g(or)g Fs(ALT)e
Ft(k)m(ey)-8 b(,)27 b(or)e(another)f(k)m(ey)i(w)m(orking)e(as)h(a)g
(Meta)h(k)m(ey)-8 b(,)27 b(the)d(iden)m(tical)150 3239
y(k)m(eystrok)m(e)30 b(can)f(b)s(e)f(generated)h(b)m(y)g(t)m(yping)g
Fs(ESC)e Fk(\014rst)p Ft(,)j(and)e(then)g(t)m(yping)h
Fs(k)p Ft(.)40 b(Either)28 b(pro)s(cess)g(is)g(kno)m(wn)150
3349 y(as)j Fq(metafying)39 b Ft(the)30 b Fs(k)g Ft(k)m(ey)-8
b(.)275 3519 y(The)39 b(text)j Fi(M-C-k)d Ft(is)h(read)g(as)h
(`Meta-Con)m(trol-k')j(and)39 b(describ)s(es)h(the)g(c)m(haracter)i
(pro)s(duced)d(b)m(y)150 3629 y Fq(metafying)g Fi(C-k)p
Ft(.)275 3799 y(In)c(addition,)j(sev)m(eral)f(k)m(eys)g(ha)m(v)m(e)g
(their)f(o)m(wn)g(names.)58 b(Sp)s(eci\014cally)-8 b(,)38
b Fs(DEL)p Ft(,)f Fs(ESC)p Ft(,)g Fs(LFD)p Ft(,)g Fs(SPC)p
Ft(,)g Fs(RET)p Ft(,)150 3908 y(and)d Fs(TAB)f Ft(all)j(stand)e(for)g
(themselv)m(es)i(when)d(seen)i(in)f(this)g(text,)j(or)d(in)h(an)f(init)
h(\014le)f(\(see)i(Section)f(8.3)150 4018 y([Readline)27
b(Init)g(File],)i(page)e(96\).)41 b(If)26 b(y)m(our)h(k)m(eyb)s(oard)f
(lac)m(ks)i(a)f Fs(LFD)f Ft(k)m(ey)-8 b(,)29 b(t)m(yping)e
Fs(C-j)e Ft(will)i(pro)s(duce)f(the)150 4128 y(desired)k(c)m(haracter.)
42 b(The)30 b Fs(RET)g Ft(k)m(ey)h(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)e(lab)s(eled)i
Fs(Return)e Ft(or)h Fs(Enter)f Ft(on)h(some)h(k)m(eyb)s(oards.)150
4413 y Fr(8.2)68 b(Readline)47 b(In)l(teraction)150 4573
y Ft(Often)32 b(during)g(an)g(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(session)e(y)m(ou)g(t)
m(yp)s(e)g(in)f(a)h(long)g(line)g(of)f(text,)j(only)d(to)i(notice)g
(that)f(the)150 4682 y(\014rst)f(w)m(ord)g(on)g(the)g(line)h(is)g
(missp)s(elled.)46 b(The)32 b(Readline)h(library)f(giv)m(es)h(y)m(ou)g
(a)g(set)g(of)f(commands)g(for)150 4792 y(manipulating)e(the)g(text)h
(as)f(y)m(ou)g(t)m(yp)s(e)g(it)g(in,)g(allo)m(wing)h(y)m(ou)f(to)h
(just)e(\014x)g(y)m(our)h(t)m(yp)s(o,)g(and)g(not)g(forcing)150
4902 y(y)m(ou)e(to)h(ret)m(yp)s(e)g(the)f(ma)5 b(jorit)m(y)29
b(of)f(the)h(line.)40 b(Using)28 b(these)h(editing)g(commands,)f(y)m
(ou)h(mo)m(v)m(e)g(the)g(cursor)150 5011 y(to)35 b(the)f(place)i(that)e
(needs)g(correction,)j(and)d(delete)h(or)f(insert)h(the)f(text)h(of)g
(the)f(corrections.)54 b(Then,)150 5121 y(when)24 b(y)m(ou)h(are)g
(satis\014ed)g(with)g(the)g(line,)i(y)m(ou)e(simply)f(press)g
Fs(RET)p Ft(.)39 b(Y)-8 b(ou)25 b(do)g(not)g(ha)m(v)m(e)h(to)g(b)s(e)e
(at)h(the)h(end)150 5230 y(of)33 b(the)h(line)g(to)g(press)e
Fs(RET)p Ft(;)i(the)g(en)m(tire)g(line)f(is)h(accepted)g(regardless)g
(of)f(the)h(lo)s(cation)h(of)e(the)h(cursor)150 5340
y(within)c(the)g(line.)p eop end
%%Page: 94 100
TeXDict begin 94 99 bop 150 -116 a Ft(94)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fj(8.2.1)63 b(Readline)40
b(Bare)h(Essen)m(tials)150 446 y Ft(In)31 b(order)h(to)h(en)m(ter)g(c)m
(haracters)g(in)m(to)g(the)g(line,)g(simply)e(t)m(yp)s(e)i(them.)46
b(The)31 b(t)m(yp)s(ed)h(c)m(haracter)i(app)s(ears)150
555 y(where)e(the)h(cursor)e(w)m(as,)j(and)e(then)g(the)h(cursor)e(mo)m
(v)m(es)j(one)f(space)g(to)g(the)g(righ)m(t.)47 b(If)32
b(y)m(ou)h(mist)m(yp)s(e)g(a)150 665 y(c)m(haracter,)f(y)m(ou)f(can)g
(use)f(y)m(our)g(erase)h(c)m(haracter)h(to)f(bac)m(k)g(up)f(and)f
(delete)j(the)f(mist)m(yp)s(ed)e(c)m(haracter.)275 806
y(Sometimes)i(y)m(ou)g(ma)m(y)h(mist)m(yp)s(e)e(a)i(c)m(haracter,)g
(and)e(not)i(notice)g(the)f(error)f(un)m(til)h(y)m(ou)g(ha)m(v)m(e)h(t)
m(yp)s(ed)150 916 y(sev)m(eral)e(other)f(c)m(haracters.)42
b(In)28 b(that)i(case,)g(y)m(ou)f(can)g(t)m(yp)s(e)h
Fi(C-b)d Ft(to)j(mo)m(v)m(e)g(the)f(cursor)g(to)g(the)g(left,)i(and)150
1026 y(then)f(correct)i(y)m(our)e(mistak)m(e.)42 b(Afterw)m(ards,)31
b(y)m(ou)f(can)h(mo)m(v)m(e)h(the)e(cursor)g(to)h(the)g(righ)m(t)g
(with)f Fi(C-f)p Ft(.)275 1167 y(When)i(y)m(ou)h(add)f(text)h(in)f(the)
h(middle)f(of)h(a)g(line,)h(y)m(ou)e(will)h(notice)h(that)f(c)m
(haracters)h(to)g(the)e(righ)m(t)150 1277 y(of)d(the)g(cursor)f(are)h
(`pushed)e(o)m(v)m(er')j(to)g(mak)m(e)f(ro)s(om)g(for)f(the)h(text)h
(that)f(y)m(ou)g(ha)m(v)m(e)h(inserted.)40 b(Lik)m(ewise,)150
1386 y(when)d(y)m(ou)g(delete)i(text)g(b)s(ehind)c(the)j(cursor,)h(c)m
(haracters)g(to)f(the)g(righ)m(t)g(of)g(the)g(cursor)e(are)i(`pulled)
150 1496 y(bac)m(k')24 b(to)f(\014ll)g(in)f(the)h(blank)f(space)i
(created)f(b)m(y)g(the)g(remo)m(v)-5 b(al)24 b(of)f(the)g(text.)39
b(A)23 b(list)g(of)g(the)g(bare)f(essen)m(tials)150 1605
y(for)30 b(editing)h(the)g(text)g(of)g(an)f(input)f(line)i(follo)m(ws.)
150 1775 y Fi(C-b)336 b Ft(Mo)m(v)m(e)32 b(bac)m(k)g(one)e(c)m
(haracter.)150 1941 y Fi(C-f)336 b Ft(Mo)m(v)m(e)32 b(forw)m(ard)e(one)
h(c)m(haracter.)150 2108 y Fs(DEL)e Ft(or)i Fs(Backspace)630
2217 y Ft(Delete)i(the)d(c)m(haracter)i(to)f(the)g(left)g(of)f(the)h
(cursor.)150 2384 y Fi(C-d)336 b Ft(Delete)33 b(the)d(c)m(haracter)i
(underneath)d(the)i(cursor.)150 2550 y(Prin)m(ting)g(c)m(haracters)630
2660 y(Insert)f(the)g(c)m(haracter)i(in)m(to)g(the)e(line)h(at)g(the)g
(cursor.)150 2826 y Fi(C-_)e Ft(or)i Fi(C-x)e(C-u)630
2936 y Ft(Undo)k(the)h(last)g(editing)g(command.)50 b(Y)-8
b(ou)34 b(can)f(undo)g(all)h(the)f(w)m(a)m(y)i(bac)m(k)f(to)g(an)g
(empt)m(y)630 3045 y(line.)150 3215 y(\(Dep)s(ending)29
b(on)h(y)m(our)f(con\014guration,)i(the)e Fs(Backspace)e
Ft(k)m(ey)k(b)s(e)d(set)j(to)f(delete)h(the)e(c)m(haracter)i(to)g(the)
150 3324 y(left)37 b(of)f(the)h(cursor)e(and)h(the)g
Fs(DEL)g Ft(k)m(ey)h(set)f(to)h(delete)h(the)e(c)m(haracter)i
(underneath)d(the)h(cursor,)i(lik)m(e)150 3434 y Fi(C-d)p
Ft(,)30 b(rather)g(than)g(the)h(c)m(haracter)h(to)f(the)f(left)h(of)g
(the)f(cursor.\))150 3640 y Fj(8.2.2)63 b(Readline)40
b(Mo)m(v)m(emen)m(t)h(Commands)150 3787 y Ft(The)27 b(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)i
(table)g(describ)s(es)e(the)g(most)i(basic)f(k)m(eystrok)m(es)h(that)f
(y)m(ou)g(need)g(in)f(order)g(to)i(do)e(editing)i(of)150
3897 y(the)k(input)f(line.)49 b(F)-8 b(or)34 b(y)m(our)f(con)m(v)m
(enience,)j(man)m(y)d(other)g(commands)f(ha)m(v)m(e)j(b)s(een)d(added)g
(in)h(addition)150 4006 y(to)j Fi(C-b)p Ft(,)f Fi(C-f)p
Ft(,)g Fi(C-d)p Ft(,)h(and)e Fs(DEL)p Ft(.)54 b(Here)35
b(are)g(some)h(commands)e(for)h(mo)m(ving)h(more)f(rapidly)f(ab)s(out)h
(the)150 4116 y(line.)150 4286 y Fi(C-a)336 b Ft(Mo)m(v)m(e)32
b(to)g(the)e(start)h(of)g(the)f(line.)150 4452 y Fi(C-e)336
b Ft(Mo)m(v)m(e)32 b(to)g(the)e(end)g(of)g(the)h(line.)150
4618 y Fi(M-f)336 b Ft(Mo)m(v)m(e)32 b(forw)m(ard)e(a)h(w)m(ord,)f
(where)g(a)h(w)m(ord)f(is)g(comp)s(osed)g(of)h(letters)h(and)d(digits.)
150 4785 y Fi(M-b)336 b Ft(Mo)m(v)m(e)32 b(bac)m(kw)m(ard)f(a)g(w)m
(ord.)150 4951 y Fi(C-l)336 b Ft(Clear)31 b(the)f(screen,)h(reprin)m
(ting)f(the)h(curren)m(t)f(line)h(at)g(the)f(top.)275
5121 y(Notice)c(ho)m(w)f Fi(C-f)e Ft(mo)m(v)m(es)j(forw)m(ard)e(a)h(c)m
(haracter,)j(while)d Fi(M-f)e Ft(mo)m(v)m(es)j(forw)m(ard)e(a)h(w)m
(ord.)39 b(It)24 b(is)h(a)g(lo)s(ose)150 5230 y(con)m(v)m(en)m(tion)32
b(that)f(con)m(trol)g(k)m(eystrok)m(es)h(op)s(erate)e(on)g(c)m
(haracters)h(while)f(meta)h(k)m(eystrok)m(es)h(op)s(erate)e(on)150
5340 y(w)m(ords.)p eop end
%%Page: 95 101
TeXDict begin 95 100 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2107 b(95)150 299 y Fj(8.2.3)63
b(Readline)40 b(Killing)i(Commands)150 446 y Fq(Killing)35
b Ft(text)28 b(means)e(to)h(delete)h(the)f(text)g(from)g(the)f(line,)i
(but)e(to)h(sa)m(v)m(e)h(it)g(a)m(w)m(a)m(y)g(for)e(later)i(use,)f
(usually)150 555 y(b)m(y)g Fq(y)m(anking)35 b Ft(\(re-inserting\))28
b(it)g(bac)m(k)f(in)m(to)h(the)f(line.)40 b(\(`Cut')27
b(and)g(`paste')h(are)f(more)g(recen)m(t)h(jargon)f(for)150
665 y(`kill')32 b(and)d(`y)m(ank'.\))275 801 y(If)g(the)i(description)f
(for)g(a)h(command)f(sa)m(ys)g(that)h(it)g(`kills')g(text,)h(then)e(y)m
(ou)g(can)h(b)s(e)e(sure)h(that)h(y)m(ou)150 911 y(can)g(get)g(the)g
(text)g(bac)m(k)g(in)f(a)h(di\013eren)m(t)g(\(or)g(the)f(same\))h
(place)h(later.)275 1047 y(When)23 b(y)m(ou)g(use)g(a)h(kill)g
(command,)g(the)g(text)g(is)f(sa)m(v)m(ed)i(in)e(a)g
Fq(kill-ring)p Ft(.)39 b(An)m(y)24 b(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)h(consecutiv)
m(e)150 1157 y(kills)31 b(sa)m(v)m(e)i(all)f(of)f(the)g(killed)h(text)g
(together,)g(so)g(that)f(when)f(y)m(ou)h(y)m(ank)h(it)f(bac)m(k,)h(y)m
(ou)g(get)g(it)f(all.)43 b(The)150 1267 y(kill)33 b(ring)f(is)g(not)h
(line)g(sp)s(eci\014c;)g(the)g(text)g(that)g(y)m(ou)g(killed)f(on)h(a)f
(previously)g(t)m(yp)s(ed)h(line)f(is)h(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)150
1376 y(to)31 b(b)s(e)f(y)m(ank)m(ed)h(bac)m(k)g(later,)h(when)d(y)m(ou)
i(are)g(t)m(yping)f(another)h(line.)275 1513 y(Here)f(is)h(the)f(list)h
(of)g(commands)f(for)g(killing)h(text.)150 1675 y Fi(C-k)336
b Ft(Kill)31 b(the)f(text)i(from)e(the)g(curren)m(t)g(cursor)g(p)s
(osition)h(to)g(the)f(end)g(of)g(the)h(line.)150 1836
y Fi(M-d)336 b Ft(Kill)27 b(from)f(the)g(cursor)g(to)h(the)f(end)g(of)h
(the)f(curren)m(t)g(w)m(ord,)h(or,)h(if)e(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)h(w)m(ords,)
g(to)g(the)630 1946 y(end)j(of)g(the)h(next)f(w)m(ord.)41
b(W)-8 b(ord)30 b(b)s(oundaries)f(are)i(the)g(same)f(as)h(those)g(used)
f(b)m(y)g Fi(M-f)p Ft(.)150 2107 y Fi(M-DEL)240 b Ft(Kill)31
b(from)f(the)h(cursor)f(the)g(start)h(of)g(the)g(curren)m(t)f(w)m(ord,)
h(or,)f(if)h(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)g(w)m(ords,)f(to)i(the)630
2217 y(start)39 b(of)f(the)h(previous)f(w)m(ord.)64 b(W)-8
b(ord)39 b(b)s(oundaries)e(are)i(the)f(same)h(as)g(those)f(used)g(b)m
(y)630 2326 y Fi(M-b)p Ft(.)150 2487 y Fi(C-w)336 b Ft(Kill)35
b(from)g(the)g(cursor)f(to)i(the)f(previous)g(whitespace.)55
b(This)34 b(is)h(di\013eren)m(t)h(than)e Fi(M-DEL)630
2597 y Ft(b)s(ecause)c(the)h(w)m(ord)f(b)s(oundaries)f(di\013er.)275
2759 y(Here)42 b(is)f(ho)m(w)h(to)g Fq(y)m(ank)47 b Ft(the)42
b(text)g(bac)m(k)h(in)m(to)f(the)g(line.)74 b(Y)-8 b(anking)43
b(means)e(to)h(cop)m(y)h(the)e(most-)150 2869 y(recen)m(tly-killed)33
b(text)e(from)f(the)g(kill)i(bu\013er.)150 3031 y Fi(C-y)336
b Ft(Y)-8 b(ank)31 b(the)f(most)h(recen)m(tly)h(killed)f(text)g(bac)m
(k)g(in)m(to)h(the)e(bu\013er)g(at)h(the)f(cursor.)150
3192 y Fi(M-y)336 b Ft(Rotate)36 b(the)f(kill-ring,)i(and)d(y)m(ank)h
(the)f(new)g(top.)54 b(Y)-8 b(ou)35 b(can)g(only)f(do)h(this)f(if)h
(the)g(prior)630 3302 y(command)30 b(is)h Fi(C-y)e Ft(or)h
Fi(M-y)p Ft(.)150 3503 y Fj(8.2.4)63 b(Readline)40 b(Argumen)m(ts)150
3650 y Ft(Y)-8 b(ou)40 b(can)f(pass)g(n)m(umeric)f(argumen)m(ts)i(to)f
(Readline)h(commands.)67 b(Sometimes)39 b(the)g(argumen)m(t)h(acts)150
3760 y(as)g(a)h(rep)s(eat)f(coun)m(t,)j(other)e(times)f(it)h(is)f(the)g
Fk(sign)47 b Ft(of)41 b(the)f(argumen)m(t)g(that)h(is)f(signi\014can)m
(t.)71 b(If)40 b(y)m(ou)150 3869 y(pass)33 b(a)h(negativ)m(e)i(argumen)
m(t)e(to)g(a)g(command)f(whic)m(h)g(normally)h(acts)g(in)f(a)h(forw)m
(ard)f(direction,)i(that)150 3979 y(command)g(will)h(act)g(in)f(a)h
(bac)m(kw)m(ard)f(direction.)57 b(F)-8 b(or)36 b(example,)h(to)f(kill)g
(text)g(bac)m(k)g(to)g(the)g(start)g(of)150 4088 y(the)31
b(line,)g(y)m(ou)f(migh)m(t)h(t)m(yp)s(e)g(`)p Fs(M--)f(C-k)p
Ft('.)275 4225 y(The)d(general)i(w)m(a)m(y)h(to)e(pass)g(n)m(umeric)g
(argumen)m(ts)h(to)g(a)f(command)g(is)g(to)h(t)m(yp)s(e)f(meta)i
(digits)e(b)s(efore)150 4334 y(the)j(command.)42 b(If)30
b(the)h(\014rst)f(`digit')i(t)m(yp)s(ed)f(is)g(a)g(min)m(us)f(sign)h
(\(`)p Fs(-)p Ft('\),)h(then)f(the)g(sign)f(of)h(the)g(argumen)m(t)150
4444 y(will)39 b(b)s(e)e(negativ)m(e.)66 b(Once)38 b(y)m(ou)h(ha)m(v)m
(e)g(t)m(yp)s(ed)f(one)h(meta)g(digit)g(to)f(get)i(the)e(argumen)m(t)h
(started,)i(y)m(ou)150 4554 y(can)29 b(t)m(yp)s(e)g(the)g(remainder)f
(of)h(the)g(digits,)h(and)f(then)f(the)h(command.)40
b(F)-8 b(or)30 b(example,)g(to)f(giv)m(e)i(the)e Fi(C-d)150
4663 y Ft(command)37 b(an)g(argumen)m(t)h(of)g(10,)i(y)m(ou)e(could)f
(t)m(yp)s(e)h(`)p Fs(M-1)29 b(0)h(C-d)p Ft(',)39 b(whic)m(h)e(will)h
(delete)h(the)e(next)h(ten)150 4773 y(c)m(haracters)32
b(on)e(the)h(input)e(line.)150 4974 y Fj(8.2.5)63 b(Searc)m(hing)40
b(for)i(Commands)g(in)f(the)g(History)150 5121 y Ft(Readline)35
b(pro)m(vides)f(commands)g(for)g(searc)m(hing)h(through)e(the)i
(command)f(history)g(\(see)h(Section)g(9.1)150 5230 y([Bash)i(History)h
(F)-8 b(acilities],)42 b(page)37 b(121\))i(for)d(lines)h(con)m(taining)
i(a)e(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(string.)60 b(There)36 b(are)i(t)m(w)m(o)150
5340 y(searc)m(h)31 b(mo)s(des:)40 b Fq(incremen)m(tal)35
b Ft(and)30 b Fq(non-incremen)m(tal)p Ft(.)p eop end
%%Page: 96 102
TeXDict begin 96 101 bop 150 -116 a Ft(96)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)275 299 y(Incremen)m(tal)26 b(searc)m(hes)h(b)s
(egin)e(b)s(efore)g(the)h(user)f(has)h(\014nished)e(t)m(yping)i(the)g
(searc)m(h)g(string.)39 b(As)26 b(eac)m(h)150 408 y(c)m(haracter)37
b(of)e(the)h(searc)m(h)g(string)f(is)h(t)m(yp)s(ed,)g(Readline)g
(displa)m(ys)g(the)f(next)h(en)m(try)g(from)e(the)i(history)150
518 y(matc)m(hing)25 b(the)f(string)g(t)m(yp)s(ed)g(so)g(far.)39
b(An)23 b(incremen)m(tal)j(searc)m(h)e(requires)g(only)g(as)g(man)m(y)g
(c)m(haracters)i(as)150 628 y(needed)i(to)i(\014nd)d(the)i(desired)f
(history)h(en)m(try)-8 b(.)41 b(T)-8 b(o)29 b(searc)m(h)h(bac)m(kw)m
(ard)f(in)f(the)h(history)g(for)f(a)i(particular)150
737 y(string,)g(t)m(yp)s(e)f Fi(C-r)p Ft(.)40 b(T)m(yping)29
b Fi(C-s)g Ft(searc)m(hes)h(forw)m(ard)f(through)g(the)g(history)-8
b(.)41 b(The)29 b(c)m(haracters)i(presen)m(t)150 847
y(in)38 b(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)38 b(of)g(the)g Fs(isearch-terminators)33
b Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)39 b(are)f(used)f(to)i(terminate)g(an)f(incremen)m
(tal)150 956 y(searc)m(h.)71 b(If)40 b(that)h(v)-5 b(ariable)41
b(has)f(not)h(b)s(een)e(assigned)i(a)f(v)-5 b(alue,)44
b(the)c Fs(ESC)g Ft(and)f Fi(C-J)h Ft(c)m(haracters)i(will)150
1066 y(terminate)h(an)g(incremen)m(tal)g(searc)m(h.)78
b Fi(C-g)41 b Ft(will)i(ab)s(ort)f(an)g(incremen)m(tal)i(searc)m(h)f
(and)f(restore)h(the)150 1176 y(original)30 b(line.)41
b(When)28 b(the)h(searc)m(h)h(is)f(terminated,)h(the)f(history)g(en)m
(try)g(con)m(taining)h(the)f(searc)m(h)h(string)150 1285
y(b)s(ecomes)h(the)f(curren)m(t)g(line.)275 1428 y(T)-8
b(o)31 b(\014nd)e(other)j(matc)m(hing)g(en)m(tries)g(in)e(the)h
(history)g(list,)h(t)m(yp)s(e)g Fi(C-r)e Ft(or)h Fi(C-s)f
Ft(as)h(appropriate.)43 b(This)150 1537 y(will)26 b(searc)m(h)h(bac)m
(kw)m(ard)g(or)f(forw)m(ard)g(in)f(the)i(history)f(for)g(the)g(next)g
(en)m(try)h(matc)m(hing)g(the)f(searc)m(h)h(string)150
1647 y(t)m(yp)s(ed)37 b(so)h(far.)63 b(An)m(y)38 b(other)f(k)m(ey)i
(sequence)f(b)s(ound)e(to)i(a)g(Readline)h(command)e(will)h(terminate)h
(the)150 1757 y(searc)m(h)26 b(and)f(execute)i(that)f(command.)39
b(F)-8 b(or)26 b(instance,)h(a)f Fs(RET)f Ft(will)g(terminate)i(the)f
(searc)m(h)g(and)e(accept)150 1866 y(the)30 b(line,)g(thereb)m(y)f
(executing)i(the)e(command)g(from)g(the)h(history)f(list.)41
b(A)29 b(mo)m(v)m(emen)m(t)j(command)d(will)150 1976
y(terminate)i(the)g(searc)m(h,)g(mak)m(e)h(the)e(last)h(line)g(found)e
(the)i(curren)m(t)f(line,)h(and)f(b)s(egin)g(editing.)275
2119 y(Readline)35 b(remem)m(b)s(ers)f(the)h(last)h(incremen)m(tal)g
(searc)m(h)f(string.)54 b(If)34 b(t)m(w)m(o)j Fi(C-r)p
Ft(s)c(are)i(t)m(yp)s(ed)g(without)150 2228 y(an)m(y)i(in)m(terv)m
(ening)g(c)m(haracters)h(de\014ning)e(a)h(new)f(searc)m(h)h(string,)h
(an)m(y)f(remem)m(b)s(ered)e(searc)m(h)i(string)g(is)150
2338 y(used.)275 2480 y(Non-incremen)m(tal)48 b(searc)m(hes)g(read)e
(the)h(en)m(tire)h(searc)m(h)f(string)g(b)s(efore)f(starting)h(to)h
(searc)m(h)f(for)150 2590 y(matc)m(hing)d(history)e(lines.)78
b(The)42 b(searc)m(h)h(string)g(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(t)m(yp)s(ed)g(b)m(y)g
(the)h(user)f(or)h(b)s(e)f(part)g(of)h(the)150 2700 y(con)m(ten)m(ts)32
b(of)f(the)f(curren)m(t)g(line.)150 2944 y Fr(8.3)68
b(Readline)47 b(Init)e(File)150 3104 y Ft(Although)f(the)g(Readline)g
(library)f(comes)i(with)e(a)h(set)h(of)f(Emacs-lik)m(e)h(k)m
(eybindings)f(installed)g(b)m(y)150 3213 y(default,)26
b(it)g(is)e(p)s(ossible)h(to)g(use)f(a)i(di\013eren)m(t)f(set)g(of)g(k)
m(eybindings.)38 b(An)m(y)25 b(user)f(can)h(customize)h(programs)150
3323 y(that)45 b(use)f(Readline)h(b)m(y)f(putting)g(commands)g(in)g(an)
g Fq(inputrc)49 b Ft(\014le,)g(con)m(v)m(en)m(tionally)e(in)d(his)g
(home)150 3433 y(directory)-8 b(.)59 b(The)35 b(name)i(of)f(this)g
(\014le)g(is)g(tak)m(en)h(from)f(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)37
b(of)f(the)g(shell)h(v)-5 b(ariable)36 b Fs(INPUTRC)p
Ft(.)56 b(If)150 3542 y(that)33 b(v)-5 b(ariable)33 b(is)g(unset,)f
(the)h(default)f(is)h(`)p Fs(~/.inputrc)p Ft('.)44 b(If)32
b(that)h(\014le)f(do)s(es)g(not)h(exist)g(or)g(cannot)g(b)s(e)150
3652 y(read,)e(the)f(ultimate)i(default)e(is)h(`)p Fs(/etc/inputrc)p
Ft('.)275 3794 y(When)e(a)h(program)f(whic)m(h)h(uses)f(the)h(Readline)
g(library)f(starts)h(up,)f(the)h(init)g(\014le)f(is)h(read,)g(and)f
(the)150 3904 y(k)m(ey)i(bindings)e(are)i(set.)275 4047
y(In)26 b(addition,)i(the)f Fs(C-x)i(C-r)d Ft(command)h(re-reads)g
(this)f(init)h(\014le,)h(th)m(us)f(incorp)s(orating)g(an)m(y)g(c)m
(hanges)150 4156 y(that)k(y)m(ou)g(migh)m(t)g(ha)m(v)m(e)g(made)g(to)g
(it.)150 4364 y Fj(8.3.1)63 b(Readline)40 b(Init)h(File)g(Syn)m(tax)150
4511 y Ft(There)f(are)i(only)f(a)g(few)g(basic)g(constructs)h(allo)m(w)
m(ed)h(in)d(the)h(Readline)h(init)f(\014le.)73 b(Blank)41
b(lines)h(are)150 4620 y(ignored.)72 b(Lines)41 b(b)s(eginning)f(with)h
(a)g(`)p Fs(#)p Ft(')g(are)h(commen)m(ts.)73 b(Lines)41
b(b)s(eginning)f(with)g(a)i(`)p Fs($)p Ft(')f(indicate)150
4730 y(conditional)e(constructs)f(\(see)g(Section)h(8.3.2)g
([Conditional)g(Init)e(Constructs],)j(page)e(102\).)64
b(Other)150 4839 y(lines)31 b(denote)g(v)-5 b(ariable)31
b(settings)g(and)f(k)m(ey)h(bindings.)150 5011 y(V)-8
b(ariable)32 b(Settings)630 5121 y(Y)-8 b(ou)41 b(can)g(mo)s(dify)e
(the)i(run-time)f(b)s(eha)m(vior)g(of)h(Readline)g(b)m(y)f(altering)h
(the)g(v)-5 b(alues)41 b(of)630 5230 y(v)-5 b(ariables)34
b(in)f(Readline)i(using)e(the)g Fs(set)g Ft(command)g(within)g(the)h
(init)g(\014le.)50 b(The)33 b(syn)m(tax)630 5340 y(is)d(simple:)p
eop end
%%Page: 97 103
TeXDict begin 97 102 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2107 b(97)870 299 y Fs(set)47
b Fi(variable)56 b(value)630 445 y Ft(Here,)29 b(for)e(example,)h(is)g
(ho)m(w)f(to)h(c)m(hange)g(from)f(the)g(default)h(Emacs-lik)m(e)h(k)m
(ey)f(binding)e(to)630 555 y(use)k Fs(vi)g Ft(line)h(editing)g
(commands:)870 701 y Fs(set)47 b(editing-mode)d(vi)630
847 y Ft(V)-8 b(ariable)36 b(names)f(and)g(v)-5 b(alues,)36
b(where)f(appropriate,)h(are)g(recognized)g(without)f(regard)630
956 y(to)c(case.)42 b(Unrecognized)31 b(v)-5 b(ariable)31
b(names)g(are)f(ignored.)630 1103 y(Bo)s(olean)c(v)-5
b(ariables)26 b(\(those)g(that)g(can)f(b)s(e)f(set)i(to)g(on)f(or)g
(o\013)7 b(\))25 b(are)h(set)f(to)h(on)f(if)g(the)g(v)-5
b(alue)26 b(is)630 1212 y(n)m(ull)e(or)g(empt)m(y)-8
b(,)27 b Fq(on)d Ft(\(case-insensitiv)m(e\),)29 b(or)24
b(1.)39 b(An)m(y)25 b(other)f(v)-5 b(alue)25 b(results)f(in)g(the)g(v)
-5 b(ariable)630 1322 y(b)s(eing)30 b(set)h(to)g(o\013.)630
1468 y(The)37 b Fs(bind)30 b(-V)37 b Ft(command)g(lists)i(the)f(curren)
m(t)f(Readline)i(v)-5 b(ariable)38 b(names)g(and)f(v)-5
b(alues.)630 1577 y(See)31 b(Section)g(4.2)g([Bash)g(Builtins],)g(page)
g(41.)630 1724 y(A)f(great)i(deal)f(of)g(run-time)f(b)s(eha)m(vior)g
(is)g(c)m(hangeable)j(with)d(the)g(follo)m(wing)i(v)-5
b(ariables.)630 1906 y Fs(bell-style)1110 2016 y Ft(Con)m(trols)44
b(what)g(happ)s(ens)e(when)h(Readline)i(w)m(an)m(ts)f(to)h(ring)e(the)h
(termi-)1110 2125 y(nal)37 b(b)s(ell.)61 b(If)37 b(set)h(to)g(`)p
Fs(none)p Ft(',)g(Readline)g(nev)m(er)g(rings)e(the)i(b)s(ell.)61
b(If)36 b(set)i(to)1110 2235 y(`)p Fs(visible)p Ft(',)32
b(Readline)i(uses)f(a)g(visible)g(b)s(ell)g(if)g(one)g(is)g(a)m(v)-5
b(ailable.)51 b(If)33 b(set)g(to)1110 2345 y(`)p Fs(audible)p
Ft(')j(\(the)i(default\),)i(Readline)e(attempts)g(to)h(ring)e(the)g
(terminal's)1110 2454 y(b)s(ell.)630 2637 y Fs(bind-tty-special-chars)
1110 2746 y Ft(If)45 b(set)h(to)f(`)p Fs(on)p Ft(',)50
b(Readline)45 b(attempts)i(to)f(bind)d(the)j(con)m(trol)g(c)m
(haracters)1110 2856 y(treated)36 b(sp)s(ecially)h(b)m(y)e(the)h(k)m
(ernel's)g(terminal)g(driv)m(er)f(to)h(their)f(Readline)1110
2966 y(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(ts.)630 3148 y Fs(comment-begin)1110
3258 y Ft(The)29 b(string)g(to)h(insert)f(at)h(the)f(b)s(eginning)g(of)
g(the)h(line)f(when)f(the)i Fs(insert-)1110 3367 y(comment)e
Ft(command)j(is)f(executed.)42 b(The)29 b(default)i(v)-5
b(alue)31 b(is)f Fs("#")p Ft(.)630 3550 y Fs(completion-ignore-case)
1110 3660 y Ft(If)d(set)h(to)g(`)p Fs(on)p Ft(',)g(Readline)g(p)s
(erforms)e(\014lename)h(matc)m(hing)i(and)e(completion)1110
3769 y(in)j(a)h(case-insensitiv)m(e)i(fashion.)40 b(The)30
b(default)h(v)-5 b(alue)30 b(is)h(`)p Fs(off)p Ft('.)630
3952 y Fs(completion-prefix-displa)o(y-le)o(ngth)1110
4061 y Ft(The)g(length)g(in)g(c)m(haracters)i(of)f(the)f(common)h
(pre\014x)e(of)h(a)h(list)g(of)f(p)s(ossible)1110 4171
y(completions)g(that)f(is)g(displa)m(y)m(ed)g(without)g(mo)s
(di\014cation.)41 b(When)29 b(set)h(to)h(a)1110 4281
y(v)-5 b(alue)26 b(greater)h(than)e(zero,)j(common)e(pre\014xes)e
(longer)j(than)e(this)g(v)-5 b(alue)27 b(are)1110 4390
y(replaced)k(with)f(an)g(ellipsis)h(when)e(displa)m(ying)i(p)s(ossible)
f(completions.)630 4573 y Fs(completion-query-items)1110
4682 y Ft(The)c(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)h(p)s(ossible)g(completions)h
(that)g(determines)f(when)f(the)i(user)1110 4792 y(is)i(ask)m(ed)h
(whether)f(the)h(list)g(of)f(p)s(ossibilities)h(should)e(b)s(e)h
(displa)m(y)m(ed.)41 b(If)29 b(the)1110 4902 y(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)d(of)h
(p)s(ossible)f(completions)i(is)f(greater)h(than)e(this)h(v)-5
b(alue,)28 b(Readline)1110 5011 y(will)f(ask)g(the)f(user)g(whether)g
(or)g(not)h(he)f(wishes)g(to)i(view)e(them;)i(otherwise,)1110
5121 y(they)d(are)f(simply)g(listed.)40 b(This)23 b(v)-5
b(ariable)25 b(m)m(ust)g(b)s(e)e(set)i(to)g(an)g(in)m(teger)g(v)-5
b(alue)1110 5230 y(greater)26 b(than)f(or)f(equal)i(to)f(0.)40
b(A)24 b(negativ)m(e)j(v)-5 b(alue)26 b(means)e(Readline)i(should)1110
5340 y(nev)m(er)31 b(ask.)41 b(The)29 b(default)i(limit)g(is)g
Fs(100)p Ft(.)p eop end
%%Page: 98 104
TeXDict begin 98 103 bop 150 -116 a Ft(98)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)630 299 y Fs(convert-meta)1110
408 y Ft(If)22 b(set)g(to)h(`)p Fs(on)p Ft(',)h(Readline)f(will)f(con)m
(v)m(ert)i(c)m(haracters)f(with)f(the)g(eigh)m(th)h(bit)f(set)1110
518 y(to)33 b(an)e Fl(asci)r(i)h Ft(k)m(ey)h(sequence)f(b)m(y)g
(stripping)f(the)h(eigh)m(th)h(bit)f(and)f(pre\014xing)1110
628 y(an)24 b Fs(ESC)g Ft(c)m(haracter,)j(con)m(v)m(erting)f(them)f(to)
g(a)g(meta-pre\014xed)f(k)m(ey)h(sequence.)1110 737 y(The)30
b(default)g(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(is)g(`)p Fs(on)p Ft('.)630
896 y Fs(disable-completion)1110 1005 y Ft(If)36 b(set)h(to)h(`)p
Fs(On)p Ft(',)g(Readline)f(will)g(inhibit)f(w)m(ord)h(completion.)60
b(Completion)1110 1115 y(c)m(haracters)28 b(will)e(b)s(e)f(inserted)h
(in)m(to)h(the)g(line)f(as)g(if)g(they)h(had)e(b)s(een)g(mapp)s(ed)1110
1224 y(to)31 b Fs(self-insert)p Ft(.)38 b(The)30 b(default)g(is)h(`)p
Fs(off)p Ft('.)630 1383 y Fs(editing-mode)1110 1492 y
Ft(The)d Fs(editing-mode)e Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)29 b(con)m(trols)h(whic)m
(h)e(default)h(set)h(of)e(k)m(ey)i(bind-)1110 1602 y(ings)25
b(is)g(used.)38 b(By)26 b(default,)g(Readline)g(starts)f(up)f(in)h
(Emacs)g(editing)h(mo)s(de,)1110 1711 y(where)j(the)g(k)m(eystrok)m(es)
i(are)e(most)h(similar)f(to)h(Emacs.)40 b(This)29 b(v)-5
b(ariable)30 b(can)1110 1821 y(b)s(e)g(set)h(to)g(either)g(`)p
Fs(emacs)p Ft(')e(or)h(`)p Fs(vi)p Ft('.)630 1979 y Fs
(echo-control-characters)1110 2089 y Ft(When)g(set)h(to)g(`)p
Fs(on)p Ft(',)f(on)g(op)s(erating)h(systems)f(that)h(indicate)g(they)g
(supp)s(ort)1110 2198 y(it,)i(readline)e(ec)m(ho)s(es)i(a)f(c)m
(haracter)h(corresp)s(onding)d(to)j(a)f(signal)g(generated)1110
2308 y(from)e(the)g(k)m(eyb)s(oard.)41 b(The)30 b(default)g(is)h(`)p
Fs(on)p Ft('.)630 2466 y Fs(enable-keypad)1110 2576 y
Ft(When)23 b(set)h(to)g(`)p Fs(on)p Ft(',)h(Readline)f(will)g(try)f(to)
h(enable)g(the)f(application)i(k)m(eypad)1110 2685 y(when)h(it)h(is)f
(called.)41 b(Some)27 b(systems)f(need)h(this)f(to)h(enable)g(the)g
(arro)m(w)g(k)m(eys.)1110 2795 y(The)j(default)g(is)h(`)p
Fs(off)p Ft('.)630 2953 y Fs(enable-meta-key)1110 3063
y Ft(When)40 b(set)g(to)g(`)p Fs(on)p Ft(',)j(Readline)d(will)g(try)g
(to)g(enable)g(an)m(y)g(meta)h(mo)s(di\014er)1110 3173
y(k)m(ey)i(the)e(terminal)i(claims)f(to)h(supp)s(ort)d(when)h(it)h(is)g
(called.)76 b(On)41 b(man)m(y)1110 3282 y(terminals,)c(the)e(meta)h(k)m
(ey)g(is)f(used)g(to)h(send)e(eigh)m(t-bit)j(c)m(haracters.)56
b(The)1110 3392 y(default)31 b(is)f(`)p Fs(on)p Ft('.)630
3550 y Fs(expand-tilde)1110 3660 y Ft(If)d(set)h(to)h(`)p
Fs(on)p Ft(',)f(tilde)g(expansion)g(is)f(p)s(erformed)f(when)h
(Readline)h(attempts)1110 3769 y(w)m(ord)i(completion.)42
b(The)30 b(default)g(is)h(`)p Fs(off)p Ft('.)630 3927
y Fs(history-preserve-point)1110 4037 y Ft(If)41 b(set)h(to)h(`)p
Fs(on)p Ft(',)i(the)c(history)h(co)s(de)g(attempts)h(to)f(place)h(the)f
(p)s(oin)m(t)f(\(the)1110 4147 y(curren)m(t)35 b(cursor)g(p)s
(osition\))g(at)h(the)g(same)f(lo)s(cation)i(on)e(eac)m(h)h(history)g
(line)1110 4256 y(retriev)m(ed)h(with)f Fs(previous-history)c
Ft(or)37 b Fs(next-history)p Ft(.)55 b(The)36 b(default)1110
4366 y(is)30 b(`)p Fs(off)p Ft('.)630 4524 y Fs(history-size)1110
4634 y Ft(Set)39 b(the)g(maxim)m(um)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)h(history)g
(en)m(tries)h(sa)m(v)m(ed)g(in)f(the)g(history)1110 4743
y(list.)53 b(If)34 b(set)h(to)g(zero,)i(the)d(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)g(of)g
(en)m(tries)h(in)f(the)h(history)f(list)h(is)g(not)1110
4853 y(limited.)630 5011 y Fs(horizontal-scroll-mode)1110
5121 y Ft(This)g(v)-5 b(ariable)37 b(can)f(b)s(e)f(set)h(to)h(either)f
(`)p Fs(on)p Ft(')g(or)g(`)p Fs(off)p Ft('.)57 b(Setting)36
b(it)g(to)h(`)p Fs(on)p Ft(')1110 5230 y(means)26 b(that)h(the)f(text)h
(of)g(the)f(lines)g(b)s(eing)g(edited)h(will)f(scroll)h(horizon)m
(tally)1110 5340 y(on)32 b(a)g(single)g(screen)g(line)g(when)e(they)i
(are)g(longer)h(than)e(the)h(width)f(of)h(the)p eop end
%%Page: 99 105
TeXDict begin 99 104 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2107 b(99)1110 299 y(screen,)27
b(instead)g(of)f(wrapping)f(on)m(to)i(a)f(new)g(screen)g(line.)39
b(By)27 b(default,)g(this)1110 408 y(v)-5 b(ariable)31
b(is)g(set)f(to)i(`)p Fs(off)p Ft('.)630 567 y Fs(input-meta)1110
676 y Ft(If)f(set)g(to)h(`)p Fs(on)p Ft(',)g(Readline)g(will)f(enable)h
(eigh)m(t-bit)h(input)d(\(it)i(will)f(not)h(clear)1110
786 y(the)40 b(eigh)m(th)g(bit)g(in)f(the)h(c)m(haracters)h(it)f
(reads\),)j(regardless)c(of)h(what)g(the)1110 896 y(terminal)g(claims)h
(it)g(can)f(supp)s(ort.)68 b(The)39 b(default)h(v)-5
b(alue)40 b(is)g(`)p Fs(off)p Ft('.)69 b(The)1110 1005
y(name)30 b Fs(meta-flag)e Ft(is)j(a)f(synon)m(ym)g(for)g(this)h(v)-5
b(ariable.)630 1163 y Fs(isearch-terminators)1110 1273
y Ft(The)51 b(string)h(of)g(c)m(haracters)h(that)f(should)e(terminate)j
(an)f(incremen)m(tal)1110 1383 y(searc)m(h)25 b(without)g(subsequen)m
(tly)g(executing)h(the)f(c)m(haracter)h(as)f(a)g(command)1110
1492 y(\(see)42 b(Section)f(8.2.5)i([Searc)m(hing],)i(page)c(95\).)73
b(If)41 b(this)g(v)-5 b(ariable)41 b(has)g(not)1110 1602
y(b)s(een)35 b(giv)m(en)h(a)g(v)-5 b(alue,)37 b(the)f(c)m(haracters)h
Fs(ESC)d Ft(and)h Fi(C-J)g Ft(will)h(terminate)g(an)1110
1711 y(incremen)m(tal)c(searc)m(h.)630 1870 y Fs(keymap)192
b Ft(Sets)39 b(Readline's)g(idea)h(of)f(the)g(curren)m(t)f(k)m(eymap)h
(for)g(k)m(ey)g(binding)f(com-)1110 1979 y(mands.)81
b(Acceptable)47 b Fs(keymap)42 b Ft(names)i(are)h Fs(emacs)p
Ft(,)i Fs(emacs-standard)p Ft(,)1110 2089 y Fs(emacs-meta)p
Ft(,)99 b Fs(emacs-ctlx)p Ft(,)f Fs(vi)p Ft(,)j Fs(vi-move)p
Ft(,)f Fs(vi-command)p Ft(,)f(and)1110 2198 y Fs(vi-insert)p
Ft(.)64 b Fs(vi)38 b Ft(is)h(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)41 b(to)e
Fs(vi-command)p Ft(;)i Fs(emacs)c Ft(is)i(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)1110
2308 y(to)33 b Fs(emacs-standard)p Ft(.)41 b(The)31 b(default)h(v)-5
b(alue)32 b(is)g Fs(emacs)p Ft(.)44 b(The)31 b(v)-5 b(alue)33
b(of)f(the)1110 2418 y Fs(editing-mode)27 b Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)31
b(also)h(a\013ects)f(the)g(default)f(k)m(eymap.)630 2576
y Fs(mark-directories)1110 2685 y Ft(If)38 b(set)g(to)h(`)p
Fs(on)p Ft(',)i(completed)e(directory)f(names)g(ha)m(v)m(e)i(a)e(slash)
g(app)s(ended.)1110 2795 y(The)30 b(default)g(is)h(`)p
Fs(on)p Ft('.)630 2953 y Fs(mark-modified-lines)1110
3063 y Ft(This)k(v)-5 b(ariable,)38 b(when)d(set)h(to)h(`)p
Fs(on)p Ft(',)g(causes)g(Readline)f(to)h(displa)m(y)f(an)f(as-)1110
3173 y(terisk)f(\(`)p Fs(*)p Ft('\))h(at)f(the)g(start)g(of)g(history)g
(lines)g(whic)m(h)f(ha)m(v)m(e)i(b)s(een)e(mo)s(di\014ed.)1110
3282 y(This)d(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(is)f(`)p Fs(off)p Ft(')g(b)m(y)g
(default.)630 3440 y Fs(mark-symlinked-directori)o(es)1110
3550 y Ft(If)44 b(set)h(to)h(`)p Fs(on)p Ft(',)i(completed)e(names)f
(whic)m(h)f(are)h(sym)m(b)s(olic)g(links)g(to)g(di-)1110
3660 y(rectories)j(ha)m(v)m(e)f(a)g(slash)f(app)s(ended)e(\(sub)5
b(ject)47 b(to)g(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)47 b(of)f Fs(mark-)1110
3769 y(directories)p Ft(\).)38 b(The)30 b(default)g(is)h(`)p
Fs(off)p Ft('.)630 3927 y Fs(match-hidden-files)1110
4037 y Ft(This)21 b(v)-5 b(ariable,)25 b(when)d(set)g(to)h(`)p
Fs(on)p Ft(',)h(causes)f(Readline)g(to)g(matc)m(h)g(\014les)f(whose)
1110 4147 y(names)44 b(b)s(egin)g(with)g(a)g(`)p Fs(.)p
Ft(')g(\(hidden)f(\014les\))i(when)e(p)s(erforming)g(\014lename)1110
4256 y(completion,)j(unless)41 b(the)g(leading)h(`)p
Fs(.)p Ft(')g(is)g(supplied)e(b)m(y)h(the)h(user)f(in)g(the)1110
4366 y(\014lename)31 b(to)g(b)s(e)e(completed.)42 b(This)30
b(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(is)f(`)p Fs(on)p Ft(')h(b)m(y)f(default.)630
4524 y Fs(output-meta)1110 4634 y Ft(If)35 b(set)h(to)g(`)p
Fs(on)p Ft(',)h(Readline)f(will)g(displa)m(y)f(c)m(haracters)i(with)e
(the)h(eigh)m(th)g(bit)1110 4743 y(set)h(directly)g(rather)f(than)g(as)
h(a)g(meta-pre\014xed)f(escap)s(e)h(sequence.)59 b(The)1110
4853 y(default)31 b(is)f(`)p Fs(off)p Ft('.)630 5011
y Fs(page-completions)1110 5121 y Ft(If)j(set)i(to)f(`)p
Fs(on)p Ft(',)h(Readline)g(uses)e(an)h(in)m(ternal)h
Fs(more)p Ft(-lik)m(e)f(pager)g(to)h(displa)m(y)1110
5230 y(a)e(screenful)f(of)g(p)s(ossible)g(completions)i(at)f(a)g(time.)
47 b(This)31 b(v)-5 b(ariable)34 b(is)e(`)p Fs(on)p Ft(')1110
5340 y(b)m(y)e(default.)p eop end
%%Page: 100 106
TeXDict begin 100 105 bop 150 -116 a Ft(100)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)630 299 y Fs(print-completions-horizo)o(ntal)o
(ly)1110 408 y Ft(If)23 b(set)i(to)g(`)p Fs(on)p Ft(',)g(Readline)g
(will)f(displa)m(y)g(completions)h(with)f(matc)m(hes)h(sorted)1110
518 y(horizon)m(tally)45 b(in)e(alphab)s(etical)i(order,)i(rather)c
(than)g(do)m(wn)g(the)h(screen.)1110 628 y(The)30 b(default)g(is)h(`)p
Fs(off)p Ft('.)630 788 y Fs(revert-all-at-newline)1110
897 y Ft(If)e(set)h(to)g(`)p Fs(on)p Ft(',)g(Readline)g(will)g(undo)f
(all)h(c)m(hanges)h(to)f(history)g(lines)f(b)s(efore)1110
1007 y(returning)f(when)f Fs(accept-line)f Ft(is)j(executed.)41
b(By)29 b(default,)g(history)g(lines)1110 1117 y(ma)m(y)42
b(b)s(e)g(mo)s(di\014ed)e(and)h(retain)i(individual)e(undo)g(lists)h
(across)g(calls)h(to)1110 1226 y Fs(readline)p Ft(.)38
b(The)30 b(default)h(is)f(`)p Fs(off)p Ft('.)630 1386
y Fs(show-all-if-ambiguous)1110 1496 y Ft(This)f(alters)i(the)f
(default)g(b)s(eha)m(vior)g(of)g(the)h(completion)g(functions.)40
b(If)29 b(set)1110 1606 y(to)f(`)p Fs(on)p Ft(',)g(w)m(ords)f(whic)m(h)
g(ha)m(v)m(e)i(more)f(than)f(one)h(p)s(ossible)f(completion)h(cause)
1110 1715 y(the)39 b(matc)m(hes)h(to)g(b)s(e)e(listed)h(immediately)i
(instead)e(of)g(ringing)g(the)g(b)s(ell.)1110 1825 y(The)30
b(default)g(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(is)g(`)p Fs(off)p Ft('.)630
1985 y Fs(show-all-if-unmodified)1110 2094 y Ft(This)38
b(alters)h(the)g(default)g(b)s(eha)m(vior)g(of)f(the)h(completion)h
(functions)e(in)h(a)1110 2204 y(fashion)25 b(similar)g(to)h
Fq(sho)m(w-all-if-am)m(biguous)t Ft(.)41 b(If)24 b(set)i(to)f(`)p
Fs(on)p Ft(',)i(w)m(ords)d(whic)m(h)1110 2314 y(ha)m(v)m(e)32
b(more)f(than)f(one)i(p)s(ossible)e(completion)i(without)f(an)m(y)g(p)s
(ossible)f(par-)1110 2423 y(tial)43 b(completion)h(\(the)f(p)s(ossible)
f(completions)h(don't)f(share)g(a)h(common)1110 2533
y(pre\014x\))30 b(cause)g(the)h(matc)m(hes)g(to)g(b)s(e)f(listed)g
(immediately)i(instead)e(of)h(ring-)1110 2642 y(ing)g(the)f(b)s(ell.)41
b(The)30 b(default)g(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(is)f(`)p Fs(off)p
Ft('.)630 2803 y Fs(skip-completed-text)1110 2912 y Ft(If)i(set)i(to)f
(`)p Fs(on)p Ft(',)h(this)f(alters)g(the)g(default)g(completion)h(b)s
(eha)m(vior)f(when)f(in-)1110 3022 y(serting)d(a)h(single)g(matc)m(h)f
(in)m(to)h(the)g(line.)40 b(It's)30 b(only)f(activ)m(e)i(when)d(p)s
(erform-)1110 3131 y(ing)35 b(completion)h(in)e(the)h(middle)f(of)h(a)f
(w)m(ord.)53 b(If)35 b(enabled,)g(readline)g(do)s(es)1110
3241 y(not)41 b(insert)f(c)m(haracters)i(from)e(the)h(completion)h
(that)f(matc)m(h)g(c)m(haracters)1110 3351 y(after)c(p)s(oin)m(t)g(in)g
(the)g(w)m(ord)f(b)s(eing)g(completed,)k(so)d(p)s(ortions)f(of)h(the)g
(w)m(ord)1110 3460 y(follo)m(wing)c(the)f(cursor)f(are)h(not)g
(duplicated.)45 b(F)-8 b(or)32 b(instance,)h(if)f(this)f(is)h(en-)1110
3570 y(abled,)43 b(attempting)f(completion)g(when)d(the)i(cursor)f(is)g
(after)h(the)g(`)p Fs(e)p Ft(')f(in)1110 3679 y(`)p Fs(Makefile)p
Ft(')c(will)i(result)f(in)g(`)p Fs(Makefile)p Ft(')f(rather)h(than)h(`)
p Fs(Makefilefile)p Ft(',)1110 3789 y(assuming)d(there)g(is)h(a)f
(single)h(p)s(ossible)f(completion.)56 b(The)35 b(default)g(v)-5
b(alue)1110 3898 y(is)30 b(`)p Fs(off)p Ft('.)630 4059
y Fs(visible-stats)1110 4168 y Ft(If)h(set)i(to)f(`)p
Fs(on)p Ft(',)h(a)f(c)m(haracter)i(denoting)e(a)g(\014le's)g(t)m(yp)s
(e)g(is)g(app)s(ended)e(to)j(the)1110 4278 y(\014lename)e(when)e
(listing)i(p)s(ossible)f(completions.)42 b(The)30 b(default)g(is)h(`)p
Fs(off)p Ft('.)150 4438 y(Key)f(Bindings)630 4548 y(The)41
b(syn)m(tax)i(for)f(con)m(trolling)h(k)m(ey)g(bindings)e(in)h(the)g
(init)g(\014le)g(is)g(simple.)75 b(First)43 b(y)m(ou)630
4657 y(need)27 b(to)i(\014nd)d(the)i(name)f(of)h(the)g(command)f(that)i
(y)m(ou)f(w)m(an)m(t)g(to)g(c)m(hange.)41 b(The)27 b(follo)m(wing)630
4767 y(sections)37 b(con)m(tain)g(tables)g(of)f(the)g(command)f(name,)j
(the)e(default)g(k)m(eybinding,)h(if)f(an)m(y)-8 b(,)630
4876 y(and)30 b(a)h(short)f(description)g(of)h(what)f(the)g(command)h
(do)s(es.)630 5011 y(Once)36 b(y)m(ou)g(kno)m(w)g(the)g(name)g(of)g
(the)g(command,)h(simply)f(place)h(on)e(a)i(line)f(in)g(the)g(init)630
5121 y(\014le)e(the)g(name)f(of)h(the)g(k)m(ey)g(y)m(ou)g(wish)f(to)h
(bind)f(the)h(command)f(to,)i(a)f(colon,)i(and)d(then)630
5230 y(the)f(name)h(of)f(the)g(command.)46 b(There)32
b(can)g(b)s(e)g(no)g(space)g(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)h(the)f(k)m(ey)h(name)g
(and)630 5340 y(the)41 b(colon)h({)f(that)g(will)g(b)s(e)g(in)m
(terpreted)g(as)g(part)f(of)h(the)g(k)m(ey)h(name.)72
b(The)40 b(name)h(of)p eop end
%%Page: 101 107
TeXDict begin 101 106 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(101)630 299 y(the)35
b(k)m(ey)g(can)g(b)s(e)f(expressed)f(in)i(di\013eren)m(t)g(w)m(a)m(ys,)
h(dep)s(ending)d(on)h(what)h(y)m(ou)g(\014nd)e(most)630
408 y(comfortable.)630 538 y(In)i(addition)h(to)h(command)f(names,)i
(readline)e(allo)m(ws)h(k)m(eys)g(to)g(b)s(e)e(b)s(ound)f(to)j(a)f
(string)630 648 y(that)31 b(is)f(inserted)h(when)e(the)i(k)m(ey)g(is)f
(pressed)g(\(a)h Fq(macro)5 b Ft(\).)630 778 y(The)42
b Fs(bind)30 b(-p)42 b Ft(command)h(displa)m(ys)g(Readline)g(function)g
(names)g(and)f(bindings)g(in)h(a)630 887 y(format)37
b(that)h(can)f(put)f(directly)i(in)m(to)g(an)f(initialization)j
(\014le.)60 b(See)38 b(Section)f(4.2)i([Bash)630 997
y(Builtins],)31 b(page)g(41.)630 1147 y Fq(k)m(eyname)5
b Ft(:)42 b Fq(function-name)35 b Ft(or)c Fq(macro)1110
1257 y(k)m(eyname)k Ft(is)29 b(the)f(name)h(of)g(a)g(k)m(ey)h(sp)s
(elled)e(out)h(in)g(English.)39 b(F)-8 b(or)30 b(example:)1350
1387 y Fs(Control-u:)45 b(universal-argument)1350 1496
y(Meta-Rubout:)f(backward-kill-word)1350 1606 y(Control-o:)h(">)i
(output")1110 1736 y Ft(In)38 b(the)h(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)h(example,)h
Fi(C-u)d Ft(is)h(b)s(ound)d(to)k(the)e(function)h Fs(universal-)1110
1845 y(argument)p Ft(,)f Fi(M-DEL)e Ft(is)i(b)s(ound)e(to)i(the)g
(function)g Fs(backward-kill-word)p Ft(,)1110 1955 y(and)g
Fi(C-o)g Ft(is)h(b)s(ound)e(to)j(run)d(the)j(macro)f(expressed)g(on)f
(the)i(righ)m(t)f(hand)1110 2064 y(side)30 b(\(that)i(is,)e(to)h
(insert)g(the)f(text)i(`)p Fs(>)e(output)p Ft(')f(in)m(to)i(the)g
(line\).)1110 2194 y(A)37 b(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)h(sym)m(b)s(olic)g(c)m
(haracter)i(names)e(are)g(recognized)h(while)f(pro-)1110
2304 y(cessing)22 b(this)g(k)m(ey)g(binding)e(syn)m(tax:)37
b Fq(DEL)p Ft(,)22 b Fq(ESC)8 b Ft(,)20 b Fq(ESCAPE)5
b Ft(,)21 b Fq(LFD)5 b Ft(,)22 b Fq(NEW-)1110 2414 y(LINE)5
b Ft(,)31 b Fq(RET)7 b Ft(,)29 b Fq(RETURN)10 b Ft(,)30
b Fq(R)m(UBOUT)7 b Ft(,)31 b Fq(SP)-8 b(A)m(CE)5 b Ft(,)31
b Fq(SPC)8 b Ft(,)29 b(and)h Fq(T)-8 b(AB)5 b Ft(.)630
2564 y Fs(")p Fq(k)m(eyseq)r Fs(")p Ft(:)41 b Fq(function-name)36
b Ft(or)30 b Fq(macro)1110 2673 y(k)m(eyseq)k Ft(di\013ers)d(from)f
Fq(k)m(eyname)37 b Ft(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)32 b(in)f(that)h(strings)f
(denoting)g(an)g(en-)1110 2783 y(tire)j(k)m(ey)h(sequence)f(can)g(b)s
(e)f(sp)s(eci\014ed,)h(b)m(y)f(placing)i(the)f(k)m(ey)g(sequence)g(in)
1110 2892 y(double)29 b(quotes.)41 b(Some)29 b Fl(gnu)h
Ft(Emacs)f(st)m(yle)i(k)m(ey)f(escap)s(es)g(can)g(b)s(e)f(used,)g(as)
1110 3002 y(in)k(the)h(follo)m(wing)i(example,)f(but)e(the)h(sp)s
(ecial)h(c)m(haracter)g(names)f(are)g(not)1110 3112 y(recognized.)1350
3242 y Fs("\\C-u":)46 b(universal-argument)1350 3351
y("\\C-x\\C-r":)f(re-read-init-file)1350 3461 y("\\e[11~":)g("Function)
h(Key)g(1")1110 3591 y Ft(In)64 b(the)g(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)i(example,)74
b Fi(C-u)64 b Ft(is)g(again)i(b)s(ound)c(to)k(the)e(function)1110
3700 y Fs(universal-argument)39 b Ft(\(just)k(as)h(it)g(w)m(as)g(in)g
(the)f(\014rst)g(example\),)49 b(`)p Fi(C-x)1110 3810
y(C-r)p Ft(')30 b(is)g(b)s(ound)e(to)j(the)g(function)f
Fs(re-read-init-file)p Ft(,)c(and)j(`)p Fs(ESC)h([)g(1)g(1)1110
3919 y(~)p Ft(')g(is)h(b)s(ound)d(to)j(insert)f(the)h(text)g(`)p
Fs(Function)e(Key)g(1)p Ft('.)630 4070 y(The)g(follo)m(wing)i
Fl(gnu)f Ft(Emacs)g(st)m(yle)h(escap)s(e)f(sequences)g(are)g(a)m(v)-5
b(ailable)32 b(when)d(sp)s(ecifying)630 4179 y(k)m(ey)i(sequences:)630
4329 y Fi(\\C-)336 b Ft(con)m(trol)32 b(pre\014x)630
4479 y Fi(\\M-)336 b Ft(meta)31 b(pre\014x)630 4630 y
Fi(\\e)384 b Ft(an)30 b(escap)s(e)h(c)m(haracter)630
4780 y Fi(\\\\)384 b Ft(bac)m(kslash)630 4930 y Fi(\\)p
Fs(")g(")p Ft(,)30 b(a)h(double)f(quotation)i(mark)630
5080 y Fi(\\')384 b Fs(')p Ft(,)30 b(a)h(single)g(quote)g(or)f(ap)s
(ostrophe)630 5230 y(In)d(addition)h(to)g(the)g Fl(gnu)f
Ft(Emacs)h(st)m(yle)h(escap)s(e)f(sequences,)h(a)f(second)f(set)h(of)g
(bac)m(kslash)630 5340 y(escap)s(es)j(is)f(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable:)p
eop end
%%Page: 102 108
TeXDict begin 102 107 bop 150 -116 a Ft(102)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)630 299 y Fs(\\a)384 b Ft(alert)31
b(\(b)s(ell\))630 460 y Fs(\\b)384 b Ft(bac)m(kspace)630
621 y Fs(\\d)g Ft(delete)630 782 y Fs(\\f)g Ft(form)30
b(feed)630 943 y Fs(\\n)384 b Ft(newline)630 1104 y Fs(\\r)g
Ft(carriage)32 b(return)630 1266 y Fs(\\t)384 b Ft(horizon)m(tal)32
b(tab)630 1427 y Fs(\\v)384 b Ft(v)m(ertical)32 b(tab)630
1588 y Fs(\\)p Fi(nnn)288 b Ft(the)35 b(eigh)m(t-bit)h(c)m(haracter)g
(whose)e(v)-5 b(alue)35 b(is)g(the)f(o)s(ctal)i(v)-5
b(alue)35 b Fq(nnn)e Ft(\(one)i(to)1110 1697 y(three)c(digits\))630
1858 y Fs(\\x)p Fi(HH)288 b Ft(the)40 b(eigh)m(t-bit)h(c)m(haracter)g
(whose)e(v)-5 b(alue)39 b(is)h(the)f(hexadecimal)i(v)-5
b(alue)40 b Fq(HH)1110 1968 y Ft(\(one)31 b(or)f(t)m(w)m(o)i(hex)e
(digits\))630 2129 y(When)37 b(en)m(tering)h(the)g(text)g(of)g(a)g
(macro,)i(single)e(or)f(double)g(quotes)h(m)m(ust)f(b)s(e)g(used)f(to)
630 2239 y(indicate)23 b(a)e(macro)h(de\014nition.)38
b(Unquoted)21 b(text)i(is)e(assumed)g(to)h(b)s(e)f(a)h(function)f
(name.)38 b(In)630 2348 y(the)22 b(macro)f(b)s(o)s(dy)-8
b(,)23 b(the)e(bac)m(kslash)h(escap)s(es)g(describ)s(ed)e(ab)s(o)m(v)m
(e)j(are)e(expanded.)37 b(Bac)m(kslash)630 2458 y(will)j(quote)h(an)m
(y)f(other)g(c)m(haracter)i(in)d(the)i(macro)f(text,)k(including)39
b(`)p Fs(")p Ft(')h(and)g(`)p Fs(')p Ft('.)69 b(F)-8
b(or)630 2568 y(example,)28 b(the)e(follo)m(wing)h(binding)d(will)i
(mak)m(e)h(`)p Fi(C-x)j Fs(\\)p Ft(')c(insert)f(a)h(single)h(`)p
Fs(\\)p Ft(')f(in)m(to)g(the)g(line:)870 2703 y Fs("\\C-x\\\\":)45
b("\\\\")150 2904 y Fj(8.3.2)63 b(Conditional)41 b(Init)g(Constructs)
150 3051 y Ft(Readline)c(implemen)m(ts)g(a)h(facilit)m(y)g(similar)f
(in)g(spirit)f(to)i(the)f(conditional)h(compilation)g(features)f(of)150
3160 y(the)31 b(C)f(prepro)s(cessor)g(whic)m(h)g(allo)m(ws)i(k)m(ey)g
(bindings)d(and)h(v)-5 b(ariable)32 b(settings)f(to)h(b)s(e)e(p)s
(erformed)f(as)i(the)150 3270 y(result)f(of)h(tests.)41
b(There)30 b(are)h(four)f(parser)f(directiv)m(es)j(used.)150
3432 y Fs($if)336 b Ft(The)31 b Fs($if)f Ft(construct)i(allo)m(ws)h
(bindings)d(to)i(b)s(e)e(made)i(based)f(on)g(the)g(editing)h(mo)s(de,)g
(the)630 3542 y(terminal)39 b(b)s(eing)e(used,)j(or)e(the)g
(application)h(using)f(Readline.)64 b(The)38 b(text)h(of)f(the)g(test)
630 3651 y(extends)30 b(to)h(the)g(end)f(of)g(the)h(line;)g(no)f(c)m
(haracters)i(are)f(required)e(to)i(isolate)i(it.)630
3812 y Fs(mode)288 b Ft(The)20 b Fs(mode=)g Ft(form)g(of)h(the)g
Fs($if)f Ft(directiv)m(e)j(is)e(used)f(to)h(test)h(whether)e(Readline)
1110 3922 y(is)29 b(in)h Fs(emacs)e Ft(or)h Fs(vi)g Ft(mo)s(de.)40
b(This)29 b(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(used)h(in)g(conjunction)h(with)f(the)1110
4031 y(`)p Fs(set)h(keymap)p Ft(')c(command,)i(for)f(instance,)i(to)f
(set)g(bindings)f(in)g(the)h Fs(emacs-)1110 4141 y(standard)23
b Ft(and)h Fs(emacs-ctlx)f Ft(k)m(eymaps)i(only)g(if)g(Readline)h(is)f
(starting)h(out)1110 4251 y(in)k Fs(emacs)f Ft(mo)s(de.)630
4412 y Fs(term)288 b Ft(The)26 b Fs(term=)g Ft(form)g(ma)m(y)i(b)s(e)e
(used)g(to)i(include)f(terminal-sp)s(eci\014c)g(k)m(ey)h(bind-)1110
4521 y(ings,)38 b(p)s(erhaps)c(to)j(bind)e(the)h(k)m(ey)h(sequences)f
(output)g(b)m(y)g(the)g(terminal's)1110 4631 y(function)24
b(k)m(eys.)39 b(The)23 b(w)m(ord)h(on)f(the)i(righ)m(t)f(side)g(of)g
(the)g(`)p Fs(=)p Ft(')g(is)g(tested)h(against)1110 4741
y(b)s(oth)k(the)h(full)g(name)g(of)g(the)g(terminal)h(and)e(the)i(p)s
(ortion)e(of)h(the)g(terminal)1110 4850 y(name)k(b)s(efore)f(the)g
(\014rst)g(`)p Fs(-)p Ft('.)50 b(This)33 b(allo)m(ws)i
Fs(sun)e Ft(to)h(matc)m(h)g(b)s(oth)f Fs(sun)g Ft(and)1110
4960 y Fs(sun-cmd)p Ft(,)c(for)h(instance.)630 5121 y
Fs(application)1110 5230 y Ft(The)21 b Fq(application)j
Ft(construct)e(is)g(used)f(to)i(include)f(application-sp)s(eci\014c)h
(set-)1110 5340 y(tings.)39 b(Eac)m(h)26 b(program)e(using)g(the)h
(Readline)g(library)g(sets)g(the)g Fq(application)p eop
end
%%Page: 103 109
TeXDict begin 103 108 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(103)1110 299 y Fq(name)5
b Ft(,)25 b(and)d(y)m(ou)h(can)g(test)h(for)e(a)h(particular)h(v)-5
b(alue.)38 b(This)22 b(could)h(b)s(e)f(used)g(to)1110
408 y(bind)32 b(k)m(ey)h(sequences)g(to)h(functions)e(useful)g(for)h(a)
g(sp)s(eci\014c)f(program.)48 b(F)-8 b(or)1110 518 y(instance,)35
b(the)e(follo)m(wing)h(command)f(adds)f(a)i(k)m(ey)f(sequence)h(that)f
(quotes)1110 628 y(the)e(curren)m(t)f(or)g(previous)g(w)m(ord)g(in)g
(Bash:)1350 762 y Fs($if)47 b(Bash)1350 872 y(#)g(Quote)g(the)g
(current)f(or)h(previous)e(word)1350 981 y("\\C-xq":)h
("\\eb\\"\\ef\\"")1350 1091 y($endif)150 1250 y($endif)192
b Ft(This)29 b(command,)i(as)f(seen)h(in)f(the)g(previous)g(example,)h
(terminates)g(an)g Fs($if)e Ft(command.)150 1410 y Fs($else)240
b Ft(Commands)29 b(in)h(this)h(branc)m(h)e(of)i(the)f
Fs($if)g Ft(directiv)m(e)i(are)f(executed)g(if)f(the)h(test)g(fails.)
150 1569 y Fs($include)96 b Ft(This)43 b(directiv)m(e)i(tak)m(es)g(a)e
(single)i(\014lename)e(as)h(an)f(argumen)m(t)h(and)f(reads)g(commands)
630 1679 y(and)38 b(bindings)f(from)h(that)i(\014le.)65
b(F)-8 b(or)39 b(example,)j(the)d(follo)m(wing)h(directiv)m(e)g(reads)e
(from)630 1788 y(`)p Fs(/etc/inputrc)p Ft(':)870 1923
y Fs($include)46 b(/etc/inputrc)150 2122 y Fj(8.3.3)63
b(Sample)41 b(Init)g(File)150 2269 y Ft(Here)27 b(is)f(an)h(example)g
(of)f(an)h Fq(inputrc)k Ft(\014le.)39 b(This)26 b(illustrates)h(k)m(ey)
h(binding,)e(v)-5 b(ariable)27 b(assignmen)m(t,)i(and)150
2379 y(conditional)j(syn)m(tax.)p eop end
%%Page: 104 110
TeXDict begin 104 109 bop 150 -116 a Ft(104)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)390 408 y Fs(#)47 b(This)g(file)g(controls)e
(the)i(behaviour)e(of)j(line)e(input)h(editing)e(for)390
518 y(#)i(programs)f(that)h(use)g(the)f(GNU)h(Readline)f(library.)93
b(Existing)390 628 y(#)47 b(programs)f(include)g(FTP,)g(Bash,)h(and)g
(GDB.)390 737 y(#)390 847 y(#)g(You)g(can)g(re-read)f(the)h(inputrc)f
(file)g(with)h(C-x)g(C-r.)390 956 y(#)g(Lines)g(beginning)e(with)i('#')
g(are)g(comments.)390 1066 y(#)390 1176 y(#)g(First,)g(include)e(any)i
(systemwide)e(bindings)h(and)h(variable)390 1285 y(#)g(assignments)e
(from)i(/etc/Inputrc)390 1395 y($include)f(/etc/Inputrc)390
1614 y(#)390 1724 y(#)h(Set)g(various)f(bindings)g(for)h(emacs)f(mode.)
390 1943 y(set)h(editing-mode)d(emacs)390 2162 y($if)j(mode=emacs)390
2381 y(Meta-Control-h:)91 b(backward-kill-word)43 b(Text)k(after)f(the)
h(function)f(name)g(is)h(ignored)390 2600 y(#)390 2710
y(#)g(Arrow)g(keys)f(in)i(keypad)e(mode)390 2819 y(#)390
2929 y(#"\\M-OD":)379 b(backward-char)390 3039 y(#"\\M-OC":)g
(forward-char)390 3148 y(#"\\M-OA":)g(previous-history)390
3258 y(#"\\M-OB":)g(next-history)390 3367 y(#)390 3477
y(#)47 b(Arrow)g(keys)f(in)i(ANSI)e(mode)390 3587 y(#)390
3696 y("\\M-[D":)380 b(backward-char)390 3806 y("\\M-[C":)g
(forward-char)390 3915 y("\\M-[A":)g(previous-history)390
4025 y("\\M-[B":)g(next-history)390 4134 y(#)390 4244
y(#)47 b(Arrow)g(keys)f(in)i(8)f(bit)g(keypad)f(mode)390
4354 y(#)390 4463 y(#"\\M-\\C-OD":)331 b(backward-char)390
4573 y(#"\\M-\\C-OC":)g(forward-char)390 4682 y(#"\\M-\\C-OA":)g
(previous-history)390 4792 y(#"\\M-\\C-OB":)g(next-history)390
4902 y(#)390 5011 y(#)47 b(Arrow)g(keys)f(in)i(8)f(bit)g(ANSI)g(mode)
390 5121 y(#)390 5230 y(#"\\M-\\C-[D":)331 b(backward-char)390
5340 y(#"\\M-\\C-[C":)g(forward-char)p eop end
%%Page: 105 111
TeXDict begin 105 110 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(105)390 299 y Fs(#"\\M-\\C-[A":)
331 b(previous-history)390 408 y(#"\\M-\\C-[B":)g(next-history)390
628 y(C-q:)47 b(quoted-insert)390 847 y($endif)390 1066
y(#)g(An)h(old-style)d(binding.)93 b(This)47 b(happens)f(to)h(be)g(the)
g(default.)390 1176 y(TAB:)g(complete)390 1395 y(#)g(Macros)g(that)f
(are)h(convenient)e(for)i(shell)f(interaction)390 1504
y($if)h(Bash)390 1614 y(#)g(edit)g(the)g(path)390 1724
y("\\C-xp":)f("PATH=${PATH}\\e\\C-e\\C-a)o(\\ef)o(\\C-f)o(")390
1833 y(#)h(prepare)f(to)h(type)g(a)h(quoted)e(word)g(--)390
1943 y(#)h(insert)g(open)f(and)h(close)f(double)h(quotes)390
2052 y(#)g(and)g(move)g(to)g(just)g(after)f(the)h(open)g(quote)390
2162 y("\\C-x\\"":)e("\\"\\"\\C-b")390 2271 y(#)i(insert)g(a)g
(backslash)e(\(testing)h(backslash)f(escapes)390 2381
y(#)i(in)h(sequences)d(and)i(macros\))390 2491 y("\\C-x\\\\":)e("\\\\")
390 2600 y(#)i(Quote)g(the)g(current)f(or)h(previous)e(word)390
2710 y("\\C-xq":)h("\\eb\\"\\ef\\"")390 2819 y(#)h(Add)g(a)h(binding)e
(to)h(refresh)f(the)h(line,)f(which)g(is)h(unbound)390
2929 y("\\C-xr":)f(redraw-current-line)390 3039 y(#)h(Edit)g(variable)f
(on)h(current)f(line.)390 3148 y("\\M-\\C-v":)f
("\\C-a\\C-k$\\C-y\\M-\\C-e\\C-)o(a\\C-)o(y=")390 3258
y($endif)390 3477 y(#)i(use)g(a)h(visible)e(bell)g(if)h(one)g(is)h
(available)390 3587 y(set)f(bell-style)e(visible)390
3806 y(#)i(don't)g(strip)f(characters)f(to)i(7)h(bits)e(when)h(reading)
390 3915 y(set)g(input-meta)e(on)390 4134 y(#)i(allow)g(iso-latin1)e
(characters)g(to)i(be)g(inserted)f(rather)390 4244 y(#)h(than)g
(converted)e(to)j(prefix-meta)c(sequences)390 4354 y(set)j
(convert-meta)d(off)390 4573 y(#)j(display)f(characters)f(with)i(the)g
(eighth)f(bit)h(set)g(directly)390 4682 y(#)g(rather)g(than)f(as)h
(meta-prefixed)e(characters)390 4792 y(set)i(output-meta)e(on)390
5011 y(#)i(if)h(there)e(are)h(more)g(than)f(150)h(possible)f
(completions)e(for)390 5121 y(#)j(a)h(word,)e(ask)h(the)g(user)g(if)g
(he)g(wants)f(to)i(see)f(all)f(of)i(them)390 5230 y(set)f
(completion-query-items)42 b(150)p eop end
%%Page: 106 112
TeXDict begin 106 111 bop 150 -116 a Ft(106)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)390 299 y Fs(#)47 b(For)g(FTP)390
408 y($if)g(Ftp)390 518 y("\\C-xg":)f("get)g(\\M-?")390
628 y("\\C-xt":)g("put)g(\\M-?")390 737 y("\\M-.":)g(yank-last-arg)390
847 y($endif)150 1075 y Fr(8.4)68 b(Bindable)45 b(Readline)i(Commands)
150 1235 y Ft(This)32 b(section)h(describ)s(es)f(Readline)h(commands)f
(that)h(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)d(b)s(ound)g(to)i(k)m(ey)g(sequences.)48
b(Y)-8 b(ou)33 b(can)150 1344 y(list)40 b(y)m(our)f(k)m(ey)i(bindings)d
(b)m(y)h(executing)i Fs(bind)29 b(-P)39 b Ft(or,)j(for)d(a)h(more)g
(terse)g(format,)i(suitable)e(for)f(an)150 1454 y Fq(inputrc)34
b Ft(\014le,)29 b Fs(bind)g(-p)p Ft(.)40 b(\(See)30 b(Section)f(4.2)h
([Bash)g(Builtins],)g(page)g(41.\))41 b(Command)28 b(names)h(without)
150 1563 y(an)h(accompan)m(ying)i(k)m(ey)f(sequence)g(are)g(un)m(b)s
(ound)d(b)m(y)i(default.)275 1696 y(In)25 b(the)h(follo)m(wing)i
(descriptions,)f Fq(p)s(oin)m(t)h Ft(refers)e(to)h(the)f(curren)m(t)g
(cursor)g(p)s(osition,)h(and)f Fq(mark)31 b Ft(refers)150
1805 y(to)40 b(a)f(cursor)f(p)s(osition)h(sa)m(v)m(ed)h(b)m(y)f(the)g
Fs(set-mark)d Ft(command.)66 b(The)38 b(text)i(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)g(the)f
(p)s(oin)m(t)g(and)150 1915 y(mark)30 b(is)h(referred)e(to)i(as)g(the)f
Fq(region)p Ft(.)150 2110 y Fj(8.4.1)63 b(Commands)42
b(F)-10 b(or)41 b(Mo)m(ving)150 2280 y Fs(beginning-of-line)26
b(\(C-a\))630 2390 y Ft(Mo)m(v)m(e)32 b(to)g(the)e(start)h(of)g(the)f
(curren)m(t)g(line.)150 2545 y Fs(end-of-line)d(\(C-e\))630
2655 y Ft(Mo)m(v)m(e)32 b(to)g(the)e(end)g(of)g(the)h(line.)150
2810 y Fs(forward-char)c(\(C-f\))630 2920 y Ft(Mo)m(v)m(e)32
b(forw)m(ard)e(a)h(c)m(haracter.)150 3075 y Fs(backward-char)c(\(C-b\))
630 3185 y Ft(Mo)m(v)m(e)32 b(bac)m(k)g(a)e(c)m(haracter.)150
3340 y Fs(forward-word)d(\(M-f\))630 3450 y Ft(Mo)m(v)m(e)32
b(forw)m(ard)e(to)h(the)f(end)g(of)g(the)h(next)f(w)m(ord.)41
b(W)-8 b(ords)30 b(are)h(comp)s(osed)f(of)g(letters)i(and)630
3559 y(digits.)150 3715 y Fs(backward-word)27 b(\(M-b\))630
3824 y Ft(Mo)m(v)m(e)36 b(bac)m(k)e(to)g(the)g(start)g(of)g(the)g
(curren)m(t)f(or)g(previous)g(w)m(ord.)50 b(W)-8 b(ords)34
b(are)g(comp)s(osed)630 3934 y(of)d(letters)g(and)f(digits.)150
4089 y Fs(shell-forward-word)25 b(\(\))630 4199 y Ft(Mo)m(v)m(e)30
b(forw)m(ard)e(to)h(the)f(end)f(of)h(the)h(next)f(w)m(ord.)40
b(W)-8 b(ords)28 b(are)g(delimited)h(b)m(y)f(non-quoted)630
4308 y(shell)j(metac)m(haracters.)150 4464 y Fs(shell-backward-word)25
b(\(\))630 4573 y Ft(Mo)m(v)m(e)37 b(bac)m(k)e(to)h(the)f(start)g(of)g
(the)g(curren)m(t)g(or)f(previous)h(w)m(ord.)53 b(W)-8
b(ords)35 b(are)g(delimited)630 4683 y(b)m(y)30 b(non-quoted)h(shell)f
(metac)m(haracters.)150 4838 y Fs(clear-screen)d(\(C-l\))630
4948 y Ft(Clear)g(the)g(screen)f(and)h(redra)m(w)f(the)h(curren)m(t)f
(line,)i(lea)m(ving)g(the)f(curren)m(t)g(line)g(at)g(the)g(top)630
5057 y(of)k(the)f(screen.)150 5213 y Fs(redraw-current-line)25
b(\(\))630 5322 y Ft(Refresh)30 b(the)g(curren)m(t)h(line.)41
b(By)30 b(default,)h(this)f(is)h(un)m(b)s(ound.)p eop
end
%%Page: 107 113
TeXDict begin 107 112 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(107)150 299 y Fj(8.4.2)63
b(Commands)42 b(F)-10 b(or)41 b(Manipulating)h(The)f(History)150
473 y Fs(accept-line)27 b(\(Newline)h(or)i(Return\))630
582 y Ft(Accept)25 b(the)e(line)h(regardless)g(of)f(where)g(the)h
(cursor)e(is.)39 b(If)23 b(this)g(line)h(is)f(non-empt)m(y)-8
b(,)26 b(add)c(it)630 692 y(to)27 b(the)f(history)g(list)h(according)g
(to)g(the)f(setting)i(of)e(the)g Fs(HISTCONTROL)d Ft(and)j
Fs(HISTIGNORE)630 802 y Ft(v)-5 b(ariables.)42 b(If)30
b(this)h(line)g(is)g(a)g(mo)s(di\014ed)e(history)i(line,)g(then)f
(restore)i(the)f(history)f(line)h(to)630 911 y(its)g(original)g(state.)
150 1075 y Fs(previous-history)26 b(\(C-p\))630 1184
y Ft(Mo)m(v)m(e)32 b(`bac)m(k')g(through)e(the)g(history)h(list,)g
(fetc)m(hing)g(the)g(previous)f(command.)150 1348 y Fs(next-history)d
(\(C-n\))630 1457 y Ft(Mo)m(v)m(e)32 b(`forw)m(ard')f(through)e(the)i
(history)f(list,)i(fetc)m(hing)f(the)g(next)f(command.)150
1621 y Fs(beginning-of-history)25 b(\(M-<\))630 1730
y Ft(Mo)m(v)m(e)32 b(to)g(the)e(\014rst)g(line)g(in)h(the)f(history)-8
b(.)150 1894 y Fs(end-of-history)26 b(\(M->\))630 2004
y Ft(Mo)m(v)m(e)32 b(to)g(the)e(end)g(of)g(the)h(input)e(history)-8
b(,)31 b(i.e.,)h(the)f(line)f(curren)m(tly)h(b)s(eing)f(en)m(tered.)150
2167 y Fs(reverse-search-history)24 b(\(C-r\))630 2277
y Ft(Searc)m(h)31 b(bac)m(kw)m(ard)h(starting)g(at)g(the)f(curren)m(t)g
(line)g(and)g(mo)m(ving)h(`up')e(through)h(the)g(his-)630
2386 y(tory)g(as)f(necessary)-8 b(.)42 b(This)29 b(is)i(an)f(incremen)m
(tal)i(searc)m(h.)150 2550 y Fs(forward-search-history)24
b(\(C-s\))630 2659 y Ft(Searc)m(h)30 b(forw)m(ard)f(starting)h(at)g
(the)g(curren)m(t)f(line)h(and)f(mo)m(ving)h(`do)m(wn')f(through)g(the)
h(the)630 2769 y(history)g(as)h(necessary)-8 b(.)41 b(This)30
b(is)g(an)h(incremen)m(tal)g(searc)m(h.)150 2932 y Fs
(non-incremental-reverse-)o(sear)o(ch-h)o(ist)o(ory)24
b(\(M-p\))630 3042 y Ft(Searc)m(h)31 b(bac)m(kw)m(ard)h(starting)g(at)g
(the)f(curren)m(t)g(line)g(and)g(mo)m(ving)h(`up')e(through)h(the)g
(his-)630 3152 y(tory)36 b(as)g(necessary)h(using)e(a)i(non-incremen)m
(tal)g(searc)m(h)f(for)g(a)g(string)g(supplied)f(b)m(y)h(the)630
3261 y(user.)150 3425 y Fs(non-incremental-forward-)o(sear)o(ch-h)o
(ist)o(ory)24 b(\(M-n\))630 3534 y Ft(Searc)m(h)30 b(forw)m(ard)f
(starting)h(at)g(the)g(curren)m(t)f(line)h(and)f(mo)m(ving)h(`do)m(wn')
f(through)g(the)h(the)630 3644 y(history)d(as)f(necessary)i(using)e(a)h
(non-incremen)m(tal)g(searc)m(h)h(for)e(a)h(string)g(supplied)e(b)m(y)i
(the)630 3754 y(user.)150 3917 y Fs(history-search-forward)d(\(\))630
4027 y Ft(Searc)m(h)42 b(forw)m(ard)f(through)f(the)i(history)f(for)g
(the)h(string)f(of)h(c)m(haracters)h(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)f(the)630
4136 y(start)36 b(of)f(the)g(curren)m(t)g(line)g(and)g(the)g(p)s(oin)m
(t.)55 b(This)34 b(is)i(a)f(non-incremen)m(tal)h(searc)m(h.)56
b(By)630 4246 y(default,)31 b(this)f(command)g(is)h(un)m(b)s(ound.)150
4409 y Fs(history-search-backward)24 b(\(\))630 4519
y Ft(Searc)m(h)35 b(bac)m(kw)m(ard)g(through)f(the)h(history)g(for)g
(the)f(string)h(of)g(c)m(haracters)h(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)g(the)630
4629 y(start)g(of)f(the)g(curren)m(t)g(line)g(and)g(the)g(p)s(oin)m(t.)
55 b(This)34 b(is)i(a)f(non-incremen)m(tal)h(searc)m(h.)56
b(By)630 4738 y(default,)31 b(this)f(command)g(is)h(un)m(b)s(ound.)150
4902 y Fs(yank-nth-arg)c(\(M-C-y\))630 5011 y Ft(Insert)37
b(the)g(\014rst)f(argumen)m(t)i(to)f(the)h(previous)e(command)h
(\(usually)g(the)g(second)g(w)m(ord)630 5121 y(on)32
b(the)g(previous)f(line\))i(at)f(p)s(oin)m(t.)46 b(With)32
b(an)g(argumen)m(t)g Fq(n)p Ft(,)g(insert)g(the)g Fq(n)p
Ft(th)f(w)m(ord)g(from)630 5230 y(the)k(previous)f(command)h(\(the)g(w)
m(ords)g(in)f(the)h(previous)g(command)f(b)s(egin)h(with)f(w)m(ord)630
5340 y(0\).)69 b(A)40 b(negativ)m(e)h(argumen)m(t)f(inserts)g(the)f
Fq(n)p Ft(th)g(w)m(ord)g(from)g(the)h(end)f(of)h(the)f(previous)p
eop end
%%Page: 108 114
TeXDict begin 108 113 bop 150 -116 a Ft(108)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)630 299 y(command.)48 b(Once)33
b(the)g(argumen)m(t)h Fq(n)e Ft(is)h(computed,)h(the)f(argumen)m(t)g
(is)g(extracted)i(as)e(if)630 408 y(the)e(`)p Fs(!)p
Fi(n)11 b Ft(')29 b(history)i(expansion)f(had)g(b)s(een)f(sp)s
(eci\014ed.)150 584 y Fs(yank-last-arg)e(\(M-.)i(or)h(M-_\))630
693 y Ft(Insert)k(last)i(argumen)m(t)g(to)g(the)f(previous)f(command)h
(\(the)h(last)f(w)m(ord)g(of)g(the)g(previous)630 803
y(history)c(en)m(try\).)41 b(With)31 b(an)g(argumen)m(t,)g(b)s(eha)m(v)
m(e)g(exactly)i(lik)m(e)f Fs(yank-nth-arg)p Ft(.)38 b(Succes-)630
913 y(siv)m(e)d(calls)h(to)f Fs(yank-last-arg)c Ft(mo)m(v)m(e)36
b(bac)m(k)g(through)d(the)i(history)g(list,)h(inserting)f(the)630
1022 y(last)d(argumen)m(t)f(of)g(eac)m(h)h(line)f(in)f(turn.)41
b(The)30 b(history)h(expansion)f(facilities)j(are)e(used)f(to)630
1132 y(extract)i(the)e(last)i(argumen)m(t,)f(as)f(if)h(the)f(`)p
Fs(!$)p Ft(')g(history)h(expansion)f(had)g(b)s(een)f(sp)s(eci\014ed.)
150 1347 y Fj(8.4.3)63 b(Commands)42 b(F)-10 b(or)41
b(Changing)g(T)-10 b(ext)150 1527 y Fs(delete-char)27
b(\(C-d\))630 1636 y Ft(Delete)41 b(the)e(c)m(haracter)i(at)e(p)s(oin)m
(t.)66 b(If)39 b(p)s(oin)m(t)f(is)h(at)h(the)f(b)s(eginning)f(of)h(the)
g(line,)j(there)630 1746 y(are)37 b(no)g(c)m(haracters)i(in)d(the)i
(line,)h(and)d(the)h(last)h(c)m(haracter)h(t)m(yp)s(ed)e(w)m(as)g(not)g
(b)s(ound)e(to)630 1855 y Fs(delete-char)p Ft(,)28 b(then)i(return)f
Fl(eof)p Ft(.)150 2031 y Fs(backward-delete-char)c(\(Rubout\))630
2140 y Ft(Delete)32 b(the)f(c)m(haracter)g(b)s(ehind)e(the)h(cursor.)40
b(A)30 b(n)m(umeric)g(argumen)m(t)h(means)f(to)h(kill)g(the)630
2250 y(c)m(haracters)h(instead)e(of)h(deleting)g(them.)150
2425 y Fs(forward-backward-delete-)o(char)24 b(\(\))630
2535 y Ft(Delete)40 b(the)f(c)m(haracter)h(under)c(the)j(cursor,)h
(unless)d(the)i(cursor)e(is)h(at)h(the)g(end)e(of)i(the)630
2644 y(line,)33 b(in)e(whic)m(h)g(case)i(the)f(c)m(haracter)h(b)s
(ehind)d(the)i(cursor)f(is)g(deleted.)46 b(By)32 b(default,)g(this)630
2754 y(is)e(not)h(b)s(ound)d(to)j(a)g(k)m(ey)-8 b(.)150
2929 y Fs(quoted-insert)27 b(\(C-q)i(or)h(C-v\))630 3039
y Ft(Add)j(the)i(next)f(c)m(haracter)i(t)m(yp)s(ed)e(to)h(the)f(line)h
(v)m(erbatim.)53 b(This)33 b(is)i(ho)m(w)f(to)h(insert)f(k)m(ey)630
3148 y(sequences)d(lik)m(e)g Fi(C-q)p Ft(,)f(for)g(example.)150
3324 y Fs(self-insert)d(\(a,)j(b,)g(A,)f(1,)h(!,)g(...)o(\))630
3433 y Ft(Insert)g(y)m(ourself.)150 3609 y Fs(transpose-chars)c
(\(C-t\))630 3718 y Ft(Drag)33 b(the)f(c)m(haracter)h(b)s(efore)f(the)g
(cursor)f(forw)m(ard)h(o)m(v)m(er)h(the)f(c)m(haracter)i(at)e(the)g
(cursor,)630 3828 y(mo)m(ving)k(the)g(cursor)f(forw)m(ard)g(as)g(w)m
(ell.)57 b(If)35 b(the)h(insertion)g(p)s(oin)m(t)f(is)g(at)i(the)e(end)
g(of)h(the)630 3937 y(line,)24 b(then)e(this)g(transp)s(oses)f(the)h
(last)h(t)m(w)m(o)g(c)m(haracters)g(of)f(the)h(line.)38
b(Negativ)m(e)25 b(argumen)m(ts)630 4047 y(ha)m(v)m(e)32
b(no)e(e\013ect.)150 4222 y Fs(transpose-words)c(\(M-t\))630
4332 y Ft(Drag)33 b(the)g(w)m(ord)f(b)s(efore)g(p)s(oin)m(t)g(past)g
(the)h(w)m(ord)f(after)g(p)s(oin)m(t,)i(mo)m(ving)f(p)s(oin)m(t)f(past)
g(that)630 4441 y(w)m(ord)c(as)h(w)m(ell.)41 b(If)27
b(the)i(insertion)f(p)s(oin)m(t)h(is)f(at)h(the)g(end)e(of)i(the)f
(line,)i(this)e(transp)s(oses)g(the)630 4551 y(last)j(t)m(w)m(o)h(w)m
(ords)e(on)g(the)h(line.)150 4726 y Fs(upcase-word)c(\(M-u\))630
4836 y Ft(Upp)s(ercase)32 b(the)g(curren)m(t)g(\(or)g(follo)m(wing\))i
(w)m(ord.)45 b(With)32 b(a)g(negativ)m(e)j(argumen)m(t,)e(upp)s(er-)630
4946 y(case)e(the)g(previous)f(w)m(ord,)g(but)g(do)g(not)h(mo)m(v)m(e)h
(the)e(cursor.)150 5121 y Fs(downcase-word)d(\(M-l\))630
5230 y Ft(Lo)m(w)m(ercase)c(the)f(curren)m(t)f(\(or)h(follo)m(wing\))i
(w)m(ord.)37 b(With)22 b(a)g(negativ)m(e)i(argumen)m(t,)g(lo)m(w)m
(ercase)630 5340 y(the)31 b(previous)e(w)m(ord,)i(but)e(do)i(not)f(mo)m
(v)m(e)i(the)f(cursor.)p eop end
%%Page: 109 115
TeXDict begin 109 114 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(109)150 299 y Fs(capitalize-word)
26 b(\(M-c\))630 408 y Ft(Capitalize)d(the)f(curren)m(t)f(\(or)g(follo)
m(wing\))i(w)m(ord.)38 b(With)21 b(a)h(negativ)m(e)h(argumen)m(t,)h
(capitalize)630 518 y(the)31 b(previous)e(w)m(ord,)i(but)e(do)i(not)f
(mo)m(v)m(e)i(the)f(cursor.)150 671 y Fs(overwrite-mode)26
b(\(\))630 780 y Ft(T)-8 b(oggle)35 b(o)m(v)m(erwrite)g(mo)s(de.)48
b(With)33 b(an)g(explicit)h(p)s(ositiv)m(e)g(n)m(umeric)f(argumen)m(t,)
h(switc)m(hes)630 890 y(to)22 b(o)m(v)m(erwrite)i(mo)s(de.)37
b(With)22 b(an)g(explicit)h(non-p)s(ositiv)m(e)f(n)m(umeric)g(argumen)m
(t,)i(switc)m(hes)e(to)630 999 y(insert)30 b(mo)s(de.)41
b(This)30 b(command)h(a\013ects)h(only)e Fs(emacs)f Ft(mo)s(de;)i
Fs(vi)f Ft(mo)s(de)g(do)s(es)g(o)m(v)m(erwrite)630 1109
y(di\013eren)m(tly)-8 b(.)42 b(Eac)m(h)31 b(call)h(to)f
Fs(readline\(\))c Ft(starts)k(in)f(insert)g(mo)s(de.)630
1240 y(In)e(o)m(v)m(erwrite)j(mo)s(de,)e(c)m(haracters)i(b)s(ound)c(to)
j Fs(self-insert)c Ft(replace)k(the)g(text)g(at)g(p)s(oin)m(t)630
1350 y(rather)41 b(than)h(pushing)e(the)i(text)g(to)g(the)g(righ)m(t.)
75 b(Characters)42 b(b)s(ound)d(to)j Fs(backward-)630
1459 y(delete-char)27 b Ft(replace)32 b(the)e(c)m(haracter)i(b)s(efore)
e(p)s(oin)m(t)h(with)f(a)g(space.)630 1590 y(By)h(default,)f(this)h
(command)f(is)g(un)m(b)s(ound.)150 1783 y Fj(8.4.4)63
b(Killing)42 b(And)e(Y)-10 b(anking)150 1951 y Fs(kill-line)28
b(\(C-k\))630 2061 y Ft(Kill)j(the)f(text)i(from)e(p)s(oin)m(t)g(to)h
(the)g(end)e(of)i(the)f(line.)150 2213 y Fs(backward-kill-line)25
b(\(C-x)30 b(Rubout\))630 2323 y Ft(Kill)h(bac)m(kw)m(ard)g(to)g(the)f
(b)s(eginning)g(of)g(the)h(line.)150 2476 y Fs(unix-line-discard)26
b(\(C-u\))630 2585 y Ft(Kill)31 b(bac)m(kw)m(ard)g(from)e(the)i(cursor)
f(to)h(the)f(b)s(eginning)g(of)h(the)f(curren)m(t)g(line.)150
2738 y Fs(kill-whole-line)c(\(\))630 2847 y Ft(Kill)37
b(all)g(c)m(haracters)h(on)f(the)f(curren)m(t)h(line,)h(no)f(matter)g
(where)f(p)s(oin)m(t)h(is.)59 b(By)36 b(default,)630
2957 y(this)30 b(is)h(un)m(b)s(ound.)150 3109 y Fs(kill-word)d(\(M-d\))
630 3219 y Ft(Kill)i(from)f(p)s(oin)m(t)g(to)h(the)g(end)e(of)i(the)f
(curren)m(t)h(w)m(ord,)f(or)g(if)h(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)g(w)m(ords,)f(to)h
(the)g(end)630 3329 y(of)h(the)f(next)h(w)m(ord.)40 b(W)-8
b(ord)31 b(b)s(oundaries)e(are)h(the)h(same)g(as)f Fs(forward-word)p
Ft(.)150 3481 y Fs(backward-kill-word)25 b(\(M-DEL\))630
3591 y Ft(Kill)k(the)g(w)m(ord)g(b)s(ehind)e(p)s(oin)m(t.)40
b(W)-8 b(ord)29 b(b)s(oundaries)f(are)h(the)g(same)g(as)g
Fs(backward-word)p Ft(.)150 3743 y Fs(shell-kill-word)d(\(\))630
3853 y Ft(Kill)k(from)f(p)s(oin)m(t)g(to)h(the)g(end)e(of)i(the)f
(curren)m(t)h(w)m(ord,)f(or)g(if)h(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)g(w)m(ords,)f(to)h
(the)g(end)630 3963 y(of)h(the)f(next)h(w)m(ord.)40 b(W)-8
b(ord)31 b(b)s(oundaries)e(are)h(the)h(same)g(as)f Fs
(shell-forward-word)p Ft(.)150 4115 y Fs(backward-kill-word)25
b(\(\))630 4225 y Ft(Kill)d(the)h(w)m(ord)e(b)s(ehind)g(p)s(oin)m(t.)38
b(W)-8 b(ord)22 b(b)s(oundaries)f(are)h(the)g(same)h(as)f
Fs(shell-backward-)630 4334 y(word)p Ft(.)150 4487 y
Fs(unix-word-rubout)k(\(C-w\))630 4596 y Ft(Kill)32 b(the)g(w)m(ord)f
(b)s(ehind)f(p)s(oin)m(t,)i(using)f(white)h(space)g(as)g(a)g(w)m(ord)f
(b)s(oundary)-8 b(.)43 b(The)31 b(killed)630 4706 y(text)g(is)g(sa)m(v)
m(ed)g(on)g(the)f(kill-ring.)150 4859 y Fs(unix-filename-rubout)25
b(\(\))630 4968 y Ft(Kill)37 b(the)f(w)m(ord)g(b)s(ehind)f(p)s(oin)m
(t,)j(using)e(white)g(space)h(and)f(the)g(slash)g(c)m(haracter)i(as)f
(the)630 5078 y(w)m(ord)30 b(b)s(oundaries.)39 b(The)30
b(killed)h(text)g(is)g(sa)m(v)m(ed)g(on)g(the)f(kill-ring.)150
5230 y Fs(delete-horizontal-space)24 b(\(\))630 5340
y Ft(Delete)33 b(all)e(spaces)g(and)e(tabs)i(around)e(p)s(oin)m(t.)41
b(By)31 b(default,)f(this)h(is)f(un)m(b)s(ound.)p eop
end
%%Page: 110 116
TeXDict begin 110 115 bop 150 -116 a Ft(110)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fs(kill-region)c(\(\))630
408 y Ft(Kill)k(the)f(text)i(in)e(the)g(curren)m(t)h(region.)41
b(By)31 b(default,)f(this)h(command)f(is)g(un)m(b)s(ound.)150
579 y Fs(copy-region-as-kill)25 b(\(\))630 689 y Ft(Cop)m(y)34
b(the)g(text)h(in)f(the)g(region)g(to)h(the)f(kill)h(bu\013er,)f(so)g
(it)h(can)f(b)s(e)f(y)m(ank)m(ed)i(righ)m(t)f(a)m(w)m(a)m(y)-8
b(.)630 799 y(By)31 b(default,)f(this)h(command)f(is)g(un)m(b)s(ound.)
150 969 y Fs(copy-backward-word)25 b(\(\))630 1079 y
Ft(Cop)m(y)38 b(the)h(w)m(ord)f(b)s(efore)g(p)s(oin)m(t)g(to)i(the)e
(kill)h(bu\013er.)64 b(The)38 b(w)m(ord)g(b)s(oundaries)f(are)i(the)630
1189 y(same)31 b(as)f Fs(backward-word)p Ft(.)38 b(By)30
b(default,)h(this)f(command)g(is)h(un)m(b)s(ound.)150
1359 y Fs(copy-forward-word)26 b(\(\))630 1469 y Ft(Cop)m(y)31
b(the)g(w)m(ord)g(follo)m(wing)h(p)s(oin)m(t)f(to)h(the)f(kill)h
(bu\013er.)42 b(The)30 b(w)m(ord)h(b)s(oundaries)e(are)j(the)630
1579 y(same)f(as)f Fs(forward-word)p Ft(.)38 b(By)30
b(default,)h(this)g(command)f(is)g(un)m(b)s(ound.)150
1749 y Fs(yank)f(\(C-y\))630 1859 y Ft(Y)-8 b(ank)31
b(the)f(top)h(of)g(the)f(kill)h(ring)f(in)m(to)i(the)e(bu\013er)g(at)h
(p)s(oin)m(t.)150 2030 y Fs(yank-pop)d(\(M-y\))630 2139
y Ft(Rotate)36 b(the)f(kill-ring,)i(and)d(y)m(ank)h(the)f(new)g(top.)54
b(Y)-8 b(ou)35 b(can)g(only)f(do)h(this)f(if)h(the)g(prior)630
2249 y(command)30 b(is)h Fs(yank)e Ft(or)h Fs(yank-pop)p
Ft(.)150 2460 y Fj(8.4.5)63 b(Sp)s(ecifying)42 b(Numeric)f(Argumen)m
(ts)150 2637 y Fs(digit-argument)26 b(\()p Fi(M-0)p Fs(,)j
Fi(M-1)p Fs(,)h(...)f Fi(M--)p Fs(\))630 2747 y Ft(Add)d(this)h(digit)g
(to)h(the)f(argumen)m(t)g(already)h(accum)m(ulating,)h(or)e(start)h(a)f
(new)f(argumen)m(t.)630 2857 y Fi(M--)j Ft(starts)i(a)g(negativ)m(e)i
(argumen)m(t.)150 3027 y Fs(universal-argument)25 b(\(\))630
3137 y Ft(This)g(is)g(another)h(w)m(a)m(y)g(to)h(sp)s(ecify)e(an)g
(argumen)m(t.)40 b(If)25 b(this)g(command)h(is)f(follo)m(w)m(ed)i(b)m
(y)f(one)630 3247 y(or)k(more)f(digits,)i(optionally)g(with)e(a)h
(leading)h(min)m(us)e(sign,)h(those)g(digits)g(de\014ne)f(the)h(ar-)630
3356 y(gumen)m(t.)41 b(If)28 b(the)i(command)f(is)g(follo)m(w)m(ed)h(b)
m(y)f(digits,)i(executing)f Fs(universal-argument)630
3466 y Ft(again)j(ends)e(the)h(n)m(umeric)f(argumen)m(t,)i(but)e(is)h
(otherwise)g(ignored.)45 b(As)32 b(a)g(sp)s(ecial)h(case,)630
3575 y(if)g(this)g(command)f(is)h(immediately)h(follo)m(w)m(ed)h(b)m(y)
d(a)h(c)m(haracter)i(that)e(is)g(neither)g(a)g(digit)630
3685 y(or)28 b(min)m(us)f(sign,)i(the)f(argumen)m(t)g(coun)m(t)h(for)e
(the)i(next)f(command)f(is)h(m)m(ultiplied)h(b)m(y)e(four.)630
3795 y(The)37 b(argumen)m(t)h(coun)m(t)f(is)h(initially)h(one,)g(so)f
(executing)g(this)f(function)g(the)h(\014rst)e(time)630
3904 y(mak)m(es)d(the)e(argumen)m(t)i(coun)m(t)f(four,)f(a)i(second)e
(time)i(mak)m(es)f(the)g(argumen)m(t)g(coun)m(t)h(six-)630
4014 y(teen,)e(and)f(so)h(on.)40 b(By)31 b(default,)g(this)f(is)g(not)h
(b)s(ound)d(to)j(a)g(k)m(ey)-8 b(.)150 4224 y Fj(8.4.6)63
b(Letting)40 b(Readline)h(T)m(yp)s(e)g(F)-10 b(or)42
b(Y)-10 b(ou)150 4402 y Fs(complete)28 b(\(TAB\))630
4512 y Ft(A)m(ttempt)c(to)f(p)s(erform)e(completion)j(on)f(the)g(text)g
(b)s(efore)f(p)s(oin)m(t.)39 b(The)22 b(actual)i(completion)630
4621 y(p)s(erformed)33 b(is)h(application-sp)s(eci\014c.)53
b(Bash)35 b(attempts)g(completion)g(treating)h(the)e(text)630
4731 y(as)39 b(a)h(v)-5 b(ariable)39 b(\(if)h(the)f(text)h(b)s(egins)e
(with)h(`)p Fs($)p Ft('\),)j(username)c(\(if)i(the)f(text)h(b)s(egins)e
(with)630 4840 y(`)p Fs(~)p Ft('\),)31 b(hostname)f(\(if)g(the)g(text)h
(b)s(egins)e(with)h(`)p Fs(@)p Ft('\),)h(or)f(command)f(\(including)h
(aliases)i(and)630 4950 y(functions\))j(in)f(turn.)53
b(If)34 b(none)g(of)h(these)h(pro)s(duces)d(a)i(matc)m(h,)i(\014lename)
e(completion)h(is)630 5060 y(attempted.)150 5230 y Fs
(possible-completions)25 b(\(M-?\))630 5340 y Ft(List)31
b(the)f(p)s(ossible)g(completions)i(of)e(the)h(text)g(b)s(efore)f(p)s
(oin)m(t.)p eop end
%%Page: 111 117
TeXDict begin 111 116 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(111)150 299 y Fs
(insert-completions)25 b(\(M-*\))630 408 y Ft(Insert)30
b(all)h(completions)h(of)f(the)g(text)g(b)s(efore)f(p)s(oin)m(t)h(that)
g(w)m(ould)f(ha)m(v)m(e)i(b)s(een)e(generated)630 518
y(b)m(y)g Fs(possible-completions)p Ft(.)150 682 y Fs(menu-complete)d
(\(\))630 792 y Ft(Similar)d(to)g Fs(complete)p Ft(,)f(but)h(replaces)g
(the)g(w)m(ord)g(to)g(b)s(e)f(completed)i(with)e(a)i(single)f(matc)m(h)
630 902 y(from)37 b(the)h(list)h(of)f(p)s(ossible)f(completions.)64
b(Rep)s(eated)39 b(execution)g(of)f Fs(menu-complete)630
1011 y Ft(steps)i(through)g(the)g(list)h(of)f(p)s(ossible)g
(completions,)k(inserting)c(eac)m(h)i(matc)m(h)f(in)f(turn.)630
1121 y(A)m(t)e(the)f(end)f(of)h(the)g(list)g(of)g(completions,)i(the)e
(b)s(ell)g(is)g(rung)f(\(sub)5 b(ject)36 b(to)i(the)f(setting)630
1230 y(of)f Fs(bell-style)p Ft(\))e(and)h(the)h(original)i(text)f(is)f
(restored.)57 b(An)36 b(argumen)m(t)h(of)f Fq(n)f Ft(mo)m(v)m(es)i
Fq(n)630 1340 y Ft(p)s(ositions)e(forw)m(ard)f(in)g(the)h(list)h(of)e
(matc)m(hes;)39 b(a)c(negativ)m(e)i(argumen)m(t)e(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f
(used)g(to)630 1450 y(mo)m(v)m(e)40 b(bac)m(kw)m(ard)e(through)g(the)g
(list.)65 b(This)38 b(command)g(is)g(in)m(tended)g(to)h(b)s(e)f(b)s
(ound)e(to)630 1559 y Fs(TAB)p Ft(,)30 b(but)f(is)i(un)m(b)s(ound)d(b)m
(y)i(default.)150 1724 y Fs(menu-complete-backward)24
b(\(\))630 1833 y Ft(Iden)m(tical)36 b(to)g Fs(menu-complete)p
Ft(,)d(but)h(mo)m(v)m(es)j(bac)m(kw)m(ard)e(through)f(the)i(list)f(of)g
(p)s(ossible)630 1943 y(completions,)d(as)e(if)h Fs(menu-complete)26
b Ft(had)k(b)s(een)g(giv)m(en)h(a)g(negativ)m(e)i(argumen)m(t.)150
2107 y Fs(delete-char-or-list)25 b(\(\))630 2217 y Ft(Deletes)k(the)e
(c)m(haracter)h(under)e(the)h(cursor)f(if)h(not)g(at)g(the)g(b)s
(eginning)g(or)f(end)h(of)g(the)g(line)630 2326 y(\(lik)m(e)k
Fs(delete-char)p Ft(\).)37 b(If)29 b(at)h(the)f(end)f(of)i(the)f(line,)
h(b)s(eha)m(v)m(es)g(iden)m(tically)h(to)e Fs(possible-)630
2436 y(completions)p Ft(.)38 b(This)29 b(command)h(is)h(un)m(b)s(ound)d
(b)m(y)i(default.)150 2600 y Fs(complete-filename)c(\(M-/\))630
2710 y Ft(A)m(ttempt)32 b(\014lename)e(completion)i(on)e(the)h(text)g
(b)s(efore)f(p)s(oin)m(t.)150 2874 y Fs(possible-filename-comple)o
(tion)o(s)24 b(\(C-x)30 b(/\))630 2984 y Ft(List)f(the)g(p)s(ossible)f
(completions)h(of)g(the)g(text)g(b)s(efore)g(p)s(oin)m(t,)g(treating)h
(it)f(as)g(a)f(\014lename.)150 3148 y Fs(complete-username)e(\(M-~\))
630 3258 y Ft(A)m(ttempt)32 b(completion)f(on)g(the)f(text)i(b)s(efore)
e(p)s(oin)m(t,)g(treating)i(it)f(as)f(a)h(username.)150
3422 y Fs(possible-username-comple)o(tion)o(s)24 b(\(C-x)30
b(~\))630 3532 y Ft(List)25 b(the)g(p)s(ossible)g(completions)h(of)f
(the)g(text)h(b)s(efore)f(p)s(oin)m(t,)h(treating)g(it)g(as)f(a)g
(username.)150 3696 y Fs(complete-variable)h(\(M-$\))630
3806 y Ft(A)m(ttempt)32 b(completion)f(on)g(the)f(text)i(b)s(efore)e(p)
s(oin)m(t,)g(treating)i(it)f(as)f(a)h(shell)g(v)-5 b(ariable.)150
3970 y Fs(possible-variable-comple)o(tion)o(s)24 b(\(C-x)30
b($\))630 4080 y Ft(List)42 b(the)g(p)s(ossible)g(completions)h(of)f
(the)g(text)h(b)s(efore)e(p)s(oin)m(t,)46 b(treating)d(it)f(as)g(a)h
(shell)630 4189 y(v)-5 b(ariable.)150 4354 y Fs(complete-hostname)26
b(\(M-@\))630 4463 y Ft(A)m(ttempt)32 b(completion)f(on)g(the)f(text)i
(b)s(efore)e(p)s(oin)m(t,)g(treating)i(it)f(as)f(a)h(hostname.)150
4628 y Fs(possible-hostname-comple)o(tion)o(s)24 b(\(C-x)30
b(@\))630 4737 y Ft(List)25 b(the)g(p)s(ossible)f(completions)h(of)g
(the)g(text)g(b)s(efore)g(p)s(oin)m(t,)h(treating)g(it)f(as)f(a)h
(hostname.)150 4902 y Fs(complete-command)h(\(M-!\))630
5011 y Ft(A)m(ttempt)32 b(completion)g(on)f(the)g(text)h(b)s(efore)e(p)
s(oin)m(t,)h(treating)h(it)g(as)f(a)g(command)g(name.)630
5121 y(Command)46 b(completion)i(attempts)g(to)f(matc)m(h)h(the)f(text)
h(against)g(aliases,)53 b(reserv)m(ed)630 5230 y(w)m(ords,)36
b(shell)g(functions,)h(shell)e(builtins,)i(and)e(\014nally)g
(executable)i(\014lenames,)g(in)e(that)630 5340 y(order.)p
eop end
%%Page: 112 118
TeXDict begin 112 117 bop 150 -116 a Ft(112)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fs(possible-command-complet)o(ions)24
b(\(C-x)29 b(!\))630 408 y Ft(List)d(the)h(p)s(ossible)f(completions)h
(of)f(the)h(text)g(b)s(efore)f(p)s(oin)m(t,)h(treating)g(it)g(as)g(a)f
(command)630 518 y(name.)150 675 y Fs(dynamic-complete-history)e
(\(M-TAB\))630 784 y Ft(A)m(ttempt)31 b(completion)h(on)e(the)g(text)h
(b)s(efore)f(p)s(oin)m(t,)g(comparing)h(the)f(text)h(against)h(lines)
630 894 y(from)e(the)g(history)h(list)g(for)f(p)s(ossible)g(completion)
i(matc)m(hes.)150 1051 y Fs(dabbrev-expand)26 b(\(\))630
1160 y Ft(A)m(ttempt)i(men)m(u)e(completion)i(on)f(the)g(text)g(b)s
(efore)f(p)s(oin)m(t,)i(comparing)f(the)g(text)h(against)630
1270 y(lines)j(from)e(the)i(history)f(list)h(for)g(p)s(ossible)e
(completion)j(matc)m(hes.)150 1427 y Fs(complete-into-braces)25
b(\(M-{\))630 1536 y Ft(P)m(erform)f(\014lename)f(completion)i(and)f
(insert)f(the)h(list)g(of)g(p)s(ossible)f(completions)i(enclosed)630
1646 y(within)34 b(braces)h(so)f(the)h(list)g(is)g(a)m(v)-5
b(ailable)37 b(to)e(the)g(shell)g(\(see)g(Section)h(3.5.1)g([Brace)g
(Ex-)630 1755 y(pansion],)30 b(page)h(18\).)150 1952
y Fj(8.4.7)63 b(Keyb)s(oard)41 b(Macros)150 2122 y Fs(start-kbd-macro)
26 b(\(C-x)j(\(\))630 2232 y Ft(Begin)i(sa)m(ving)h(the)e(c)m
(haracters)i(t)m(yp)s(ed)e(in)m(to)h(the)g(curren)m(t)f(k)m(eyb)s(oard)
g(macro.)150 2389 y Fs(end-kbd-macro)d(\(C-x)i(\)\))630
2498 y Ft(Stop)e(sa)m(ving)h(the)g(c)m(haracters)g(t)m(yp)s(ed)f(in)m
(to)i(the)e(curren)m(t)g(k)m(eyb)s(oard)g(macro)h(and)f(sa)m(v)m(e)i
(the)630 2608 y(de\014nition.)150 2765 y Fs(call-last-kbd-macro)c
(\(C-x)k(e\))630 2874 y Ft(Re-execute)37 b(the)e(last)h(k)m(eyb)s(oard)
f(macro)h(de\014ned,)f(b)m(y)h(making)f(the)g(c)m(haracters)i(in)e(the)
630 2984 y(macro)c(app)s(ear)f(as)g(if)h(t)m(yp)s(ed)f(at)h(the)f(k)m
(eyb)s(oard.)150 3180 y Fj(8.4.8)63 b(Some)41 b(Miscellaneous)i
(Commands)150 3351 y Fs(re-read-init-file)26 b(\(C-x)j(C-r\))630
3460 y Ft(Read)22 b(in)g(the)g(con)m(ten)m(ts)h(of)f(the)g
Fq(inputrc)27 b Ft(\014le,)d(and)d(incorp)s(orate)h(an)m(y)h(bindings)d
(or)i(v)-5 b(ariable)630 3570 y(assignmen)m(ts)31 b(found)e(there.)150
3727 y Fs(abort)g(\(C-g\))630 3836 y Ft(Ab)s(ort)d(the)h(curren)m(t)f
(editing)h(command)f(and)g(ring)h(the)f(terminal's)h(b)s(ell)g(\(sub)5
b(ject)26 b(to)i(the)630 3946 y(setting)j(of)g Fs(bell-style)p
Ft(\).)150 4103 y Fs(do-uppercase-version)25 b(\(M-a,)k(M-b,)g(M-)p
Fi(x)11 b Fs(,)29 b(...)o(\))630 4212 y Ft(If)e(the)h(meta\014ed)g(c)m
(haracter)h Fq(x)34 b Ft(is)28 b(lo)m(w)m(ercase,)i(run)d(the)g
(command)h(that)g(is)g(b)s(ound)d(to)k(the)630 4322 y(corresp)s(onding)
g(upp)s(ercase)h(c)m(haracter.)150 4479 y Fs(prefix-meta)d(\(ESC\))630
4588 y Ft(Metafy)39 b(the)e(next)h(c)m(haracter)h(t)m(yp)s(ed.)62
b(This)37 b(is)g(for)h(k)m(eyb)s(oards)f(without)g(a)h(meta)g(k)m(ey)-8
b(.)630 4698 y(T)m(yping)30 b(`)p Fs(ESC)g(f)p Ft(')g(is)h(equiv)-5
b(alen)m(t)31 b(to)g(t)m(yping)g Fi(M-f)p Ft(.)150 4854
y Fs(undo)e(\(C-_)g(or)h(C-x)g(C-u\))630 4964 y Ft(Incremen)m(tal)h
(undo,)f(separately)h(remem)m(b)s(ered)f(for)g(eac)m(h)i(line.)150
5121 y Fs(revert-line)27 b(\(M-r\))630 5230 y Ft(Undo)33
b(all)h(c)m(hanges)g(made)f(to)h(this)f(line.)49 b(This)32
b(is)h(lik)m(e)i(executing)f(the)f Fs(undo)f Ft(command)630
5340 y(enough)e(times)h(to)g(get)h(bac)m(k)f(to)g(the)f(b)s(eginning.)p
eop end
%%Page: 113 119
TeXDict begin 113 118 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(113)150 299 y Fs(tilde-expand)27
b(\(M-&\))630 408 y Ft(P)m(erform)j(tilde)h(expansion)g(on)f(the)g
(curren)m(t)h(w)m(ord.)150 555 y Fs(set-mark)d(\(C-@\))630
664 y Ft(Set)33 b(the)g(mark)f(to)i(the)f(p)s(oin)m(t.)48
b(If)32 b(a)h(n)m(umeric)g(argumen)m(t)g(is)g(supplied,)f(the)h(mark)g
(is)f(set)630 774 y(to)f(that)g(p)s(osition.)150 920
y Fs(exchange-point-and-mark)24 b(\(C-x)29 b(C-x\))630
1029 y Ft(Sw)m(ap)i(the)g(p)s(oin)m(t)g(with)g(the)g(mark.)43
b(The)31 b(curren)m(t)g(cursor)f(p)s(osition)i(is)f(set)h(to)f(the)h
(sa)m(v)m(ed)630 1139 y(p)s(osition,)f(and)e(the)i(old)g(cursor)e(p)s
(osition)i(is)f(sa)m(v)m(ed)i(as)e(the)h(mark.)150 1285
y Fs(character-search)26 b(\(C-]\))630 1395 y Ft(A)f(c)m(haracter)h(is)
f(read)g(and)f(p)s(oin)m(t)h(is)g(mo)m(v)m(ed)h(to)g(the)f(next)g(o)s
(ccurrence)g(of)g(that)g(c)m(haracter.)630 1504 y(A)30
b(negativ)m(e)j(coun)m(t)e(searc)m(hes)g(for)f(previous)g(o)s
(ccurrences.)150 1650 y Fs(character-search-backwar)o(d)24
b(\(M-C-]\))630 1760 y Ft(A)45 b(c)m(haracter)h(is)f(read)g(and)f(p)s
(oin)m(t)h(is)g(mo)m(v)m(ed)h(to)f(the)g(previous)f(o)s(ccurrence)h(of)
g(that)630 1870 y(c)m(haracter.)d(A)31 b(negativ)m(e)h(coun)m(t)f
(searc)m(hes)h(for)e(subsequen)m(t)f(o)s(ccurrences.)150
2016 y Fs(skip-csi-sequence)d(\(\))630 2125 y Ft(Read)i(enough)f(c)m
(haracters)h(to)g(consume)f(a)h(m)m(ulti-k)m(ey)h(sequence)f(suc)m(h)f
(as)g(those)h(de\014ned)630 2235 y(for)37 b(k)m(eys)h(lik)m(e)g(Home)g
(and)f(End.)60 b(Suc)m(h)37 b(sequences)g(b)s(egin)g(with)g(a)h(Con)m
(trol)g(Sequence)630 2345 y(Indicator)f(\(CSI\),)f(usually)h(ESC-[.)59
b(If)36 b(this)g(sequence)h(is)g(b)s(ound)d(to)k Fs("\\)p
Ft(e[)p Fs(")p Ft(,)g(k)m(eys)f(pro-)630 2454 y(ducing)31
b(suc)m(h)h(sequences)g(will)h(ha)m(v)m(e)g(no)f(e\013ect)h(unless)e
(explicitly)j(b)s(ound)c(to)i(a)h(readline)630 2564 y(command,)f
(instead)g(of)g(inserting)g(stra)m(y)h(c)m(haracters)g(in)m(to)g(the)f
(editing)h(bu\013er.)44 b(This)31 b(is)630 2673 y(un)m(b)s(ound)d(b)m
(y)i(default,)h(but)f(usually)g(b)s(ound)e(to)j(ESC-[.)150
2819 y Fs(insert-comment)26 b(\(M-#\))630 2929 y Ft(Without)36
b(a)g(n)m(umeric)g(argumen)m(t,)h(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)36
b(of)g(the)g Fs(comment-begin)c Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)36
b(is)g(in-)630 3039 y(serted)c(at)g(the)g(b)s(eginning)f(of)h(the)f
(curren)m(t)h(line.)45 b(If)31 b(a)h(n)m(umeric)f(argumen)m(t)h(is)g
(supplied,)630 3148 y(this)k(command)h(acts)g(as)g(a)g(toggle:)55
b(if)37 b(the)f(c)m(haracters)i(at)g(the)e(b)s(eginning)g(of)h(the)g
(line)630 3258 y(do)30 b(not)h(matc)m(h)h(the)f(v)-5
b(alue)31 b(of)f Fs(comment-begin)p Ft(,)e(the)i(v)-5
b(alue)31 b(is)g(inserted,)g(otherwise)g(the)630 3367
y(c)m(haracters)42 b(in)d Fs(comment-begin)e Ft(are)j(deleted)h(from)f
(the)g(b)s(eginning)g(of)g(the)g(line.)71 b(In)630 3477
y(either)37 b(case,)j(the)e(line)f(is)g(accepted)i(as)e(if)g(a)g
(newline)g(had)g(b)s(een)f(t)m(yp)s(ed.)60 b(The)37 b(default)630
3587 y(v)-5 b(alue)32 b(of)g Fs(comment-begin)c Ft(causes)k(this)f
(command)h(to)g(mak)m(e)h(the)e(curren)m(t)h(line)g(a)g(shell)630
3696 y(commen)m(t.)40 b(If)26 b(a)h(n)m(umeric)f(argumen)m(t)h(causes)g
(the)f(commen)m(t)i(c)m(haracter)g(to)f(b)s(e)f(remo)m(v)m(ed,)630
3806 y(the)31 b(line)f(will)h(b)s(e)f(executed)h(b)m(y)f(the)h(shell.)
150 3952 y Fs(dump-functions)26 b(\(\))630 4061 y Ft(Prin)m(t)g(all)i
(of)e(the)h(functions)f(and)g(their)g(k)m(ey)h(bindings)e(to)j(the)e
(Readline)h(output)f(stream.)630 4171 y(If)31 b(a)h(n)m(umeric)g
(argumen)m(t)g(is)g(supplied,)f(the)h(output)f(is)h(formatted)g(in)f
(suc)m(h)h(a)g(w)m(a)m(y)g(that)630 4281 y(it)f(can)g(b)s(e)e(made)i
(part)f(of)g(an)h Fq(inputrc)k Ft(\014le.)41 b(This)29
b(command)h(is)h(un)m(b)s(ound)c(b)m(y)k(default.)150
4427 y Fs(dump-variables)26 b(\(\))630 4536 y Ft(Prin)m(t)21
b(all)h(of)g(the)f(settable)i(v)-5 b(ariables)22 b(and)f(their)g(v)-5
b(alues)22 b(to)g(the)f(Readline)h(output)f(stream.)630
4646 y(If)31 b(a)h(n)m(umeric)g(argumen)m(t)g(is)g(supplied,)f(the)h
(output)f(is)h(formatted)g(in)f(suc)m(h)h(a)g(w)m(a)m(y)g(that)630
4756 y(it)f(can)g(b)s(e)e(made)i(part)f(of)g(an)h Fq(inputrc)k
Ft(\014le.)41 b(This)29 b(command)h(is)h(un)m(b)s(ound)c(b)m(y)k
(default.)150 4902 y Fs(dump-macros)c(\(\))630 5011 y
Ft(Prin)m(t)34 b(all)g(of)g(the)g(Readline)g(k)m(ey)h(sequences)f(b)s
(ound)e(to)i(macros)g(and)f(the)h(strings)g(they)630
5121 y(output.)53 b(If)35 b(a)g(n)m(umeric)f(argumen)m(t)i(is)e
(supplied,)h(the)g(output)g(is)f(formatted)i(in)e(suc)m(h)h(a)630
5230 y(w)m(a)m(y)c(that)g(it)f(can)g(b)s(e)g(made)g(part)f(of)i(an)e
Fq(inputrc)35 b Ft(\014le.)41 b(This)29 b(command)h(is)g(un)m(b)s(ound)
d(b)m(y)630 5340 y(default.)p eop end
%%Page: 114 120
TeXDict begin 114 119 bop 150 -116 a Ft(114)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fs(glob-complete-word)25
b(\(M-g\))630 408 y Ft(The)i(w)m(ord)h(b)s(efore)f(p)s(oin)m(t)h(is)g
(treated)h(as)f(a)h(pattern)f(for)f(pathname)h(expansion,)g(with)g(an)
630 518 y(asterisk)d(implicitly)h(app)s(ended.)37 b(This)23
b(pattern)i(is)f(used)g(to)h(generate)h(a)e(list)h(of)g(matc)m(hing)630
628 y(\014le)30 b(names)h(for)f(p)s(ossible)g(completions.)150
791 y Fs(glob-expand-word)c(\(C-x)j(*\))630 900 y Ft(The)40
b(w)m(ord)g(b)s(efore)g(p)s(oin)m(t)h(is)g(treated)g(as)g(a)g(pattern)g
(for)f(pathname)g(expansion,)k(and)630 1010 y(the)c(list)g(of)f(matc)m
(hing)i(\014le)e(names)g(is)h(inserted,)h(replacing)g(the)e(w)m(ord.)67
b(If)39 b(a)h(n)m(umeric)630 1120 y(argumen)m(t)31 b(is)f(supplied,)g
(a)g(`)p Fs(*)p Ft(')h(is)f(app)s(ended)f(b)s(efore)h(pathname)g
(expansion.)150 1283 y Fs(glob-list-expansions)25 b(\(C-x)k(g\))630
1392 y Ft(The)k(list)h(of)f(expansions)g(that)h(w)m(ould)f(ha)m(v)m(e)h
(b)s(een)f(generated)h(b)m(y)f Fs(glob-expand-word)630
1502 y Ft(is)h(displa)m(y)m(ed,)h(and)e(the)h(line)g(is)f(redra)m(wn.)
50 b(If)33 b(a)h(n)m(umeric)g(argumen)m(t)g(is)f(supplied,)h(a)g(`)p
Fs(*)p Ft(')630 1611 y(is)c(app)s(ended)f(b)s(efore)h(pathname)g
(expansion.)150 1775 y Fs(display-shell-version)25 b(\(C-x)k(C-v\))630
1884 y Ft(Displa)m(y)j(v)m(ersion)e(information)h(ab)s(out)f(the)h
(curren)m(t)f(instance)h(of)f(Bash.)150 2047 y Fs(shell-expand-line)c
(\(M-C-e\))630 2157 y Ft(Expand)34 b(the)h(line)h(as)g(the)f(shell)h
(do)s(es.)55 b(This)34 b(p)s(erforms)g(alias)i(and)f(history)g
(expansion)630 2266 y(as)f(w)m(ell)g(as)g(all)h(of)e(the)h(shell)g(w)m
(ord)f(expansions)g(\(see)i(Section)f(3.5)h([Shell)e(Expansions],)630
2376 y(page)e(17\).)150 2539 y Fs(history-expand-line)25
b(\(M-^\))630 2649 y Ft(P)m(erform)30 b(history)h(expansion)f(on)g(the)
h(curren)m(t)f(line.)150 2812 y Fs(magic-space)d(\(\))630
2921 y Ft(P)m(erform)c(history)g(expansion)g(on)g(the)g(curren)m(t)g
(line)g(and)g(insert)g(a)g(space)h(\(see)g(Section)g(9.3)630
3031 y([History)31 b(In)m(teraction],)i(page)e(123\).)150
3194 y Fs(alias-expand-line)26 b(\(\))630 3304 y Ft(P)m(erform)i(alias)
i(expansion)e(on)g(the)h(curren)m(t)f(line)h(\(see)g(Section)g(6.6)h
([Aliases],)g(page)f(79\).)150 3467 y Fs(history-and-alias-expand)o
(-lin)o(e)24 b(\(\))630 3576 y Ft(P)m(erform)30 b(history)h(and)e
(alias)j(expansion)e(on)g(the)h(curren)m(t)f(line.)150
3740 y Fs(insert-last-argument)25 b(\(M-.)k(or)h(M-_\))630
3849 y Ft(A)g(synon)m(ym)g(for)g Fs(yank-last-arg)p Ft(.)150
4012 y Fs(operate-and-get-next)25 b(\(C-o\))630 4122
y Ft(Accept)42 b(the)e(curren)m(t)h(line)f(for)h(execution)g(and)f
(fetc)m(h)i(the)e(next)h(line)g(relativ)m(e)i(to)e(the)630
4231 y(curren)m(t)30 b(line)h(from)f(the)g(history)h(for)f(editing.)41
b(An)m(y)31 b(argumen)m(t)f(is)h(ignored.)150 4395 y
Fs(edit-and-execute-command)24 b(\(C-xC-e\))630 4504
y Ft(In)m(v)m(ok)m(e)34 b(an)f(editor)g(on)g(the)g(curren)m(t)f
(command)h(line,)h(and)e(execute)i(the)f(result)g(as)g(shell)630
4614 y(commands.)81 b(Bash)44 b(attempts)h(to)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(e)h
Fs($VISUAL)p Ft(,)f Fs($EDITOR)p Ft(,)h(and)d Fs(emacs)g
Ft(as)h(the)630 4723 y(editor,)31 b(in)f(that)h(order.)150
4961 y Fr(8.5)68 b(Readline)47 b(vi)e(Mo)t(de)150 5121
y Ft(While)32 b(the)g(Readline)g(library)f(do)s(es)g(not)h(ha)m(v)m(e)h
(a)f(full)f(set)h(of)g Fs(vi)f Ft(editing)h(functions,)f(it)h(do)s(es)g
(con)m(tain)150 5230 y(enough)i(to)h(allo)m(w)g(simple)f(editing)h(of)f
(the)g(line.)52 b(The)34 b(Readline)g Fs(vi)g Ft(mo)s(de)f(b)s(eha)m(v)
m(es)i(as)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(in)150 5340 y(the)e Fl(posix)e
Ft(1003.2)k(standard.)p eop end
%%Page: 115 121
TeXDict begin 115 120 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(115)275 299 y(In)35
b(order)g(to)i(switc)m(h)f(in)m(teractiv)m(ely)j(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)d
Fs(emacs)f Ft(and)g Fs(vi)g Ft(editing)h(mo)s(des,)h(use)f(the)g(`)p
Fs(set)30 b(-o)150 408 y(emacs)p Ft(')43 b(and)h(`)p
Fs(set)30 b(-o)f(vi)p Ft(')44 b(commands)g(\(see)i(Section)f(4.3.1)h
([The)e(Set)h(Builtin],)j(page)e(51\).)83 b(The)150 518
y(Readline)31 b(default)g(is)f Fs(emacs)f Ft(mo)s(de.)275
651 y(When)g(y)m(ou)i(en)m(ter)f(a)h(line)f(in)g Fs(vi)f
Ft(mo)s(de,)h(y)m(ou)h(are)f(already)h(placed)f(in)g(`insertion')g(mo)s
(de,)g(as)h(if)f(y)m(ou)150 760 y(had)f(t)m(yp)s(ed)g(an)g(`)p
Fs(i)p Ft('.)41 b(Pressing)29 b Fs(ESC)f Ft(switc)m(hes)i(y)m(ou)g(in)m
(to)h(`command')e(mo)s(de,)h(where)e(y)m(ou)i(can)g(edit)g(the)150
870 y(text)35 b(of)f(the)g(line)g(with)f(the)h(standard)f
Fs(vi)g Ft(mo)m(v)m(emen)m(t)j(k)m(eys,)g(mo)m(v)m(e)f(to)f(previous)g
(history)f(lines)h(with)150 979 y(`)p Fs(k)p Ft(')d(and)e(subsequen)m
(t)h(lines)h(with)f(`)p Fs(j)p Ft(',)g(and)g(so)h(forth.)150
1208 y Fr(8.6)68 b(Programmable)47 b(Completion)150 1367
y Ft(When)25 b(w)m(ord)g(completion)i(is)f(attempted)g(for)g(an)f
(argumen)m(t)h(to)g(a)g(command)f(for)h(whic)m(h)f(a)h(completion)150
1477 y(sp)s(eci\014cation)40 b(\(a)h Fq(compsp)s(ec)6
b Ft(\))39 b(has)h(b)s(een)f(de\014ned)f(using)h(the)h
Fs(complete)d Ft(builtin)j(\(see)g(Section)h(8.7)150
1586 y([Programmable)h(Completion)f(Builtins],)k(page)d(117\),)j(the)c
(programmable)g(completion)i(facilities)150 1696 y(are)31
b(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed.)275 1828 y(First,)23 b(the)e(command)g(name)g(is)h
(iden)m(ti\014ed.)37 b(If)21 b(a)g(compsp)s(ec)g(has)g(b)s(een)f
(de\014ned)g(for)h(that)h(command,)150 1938 y(the)44
b(compsp)s(ec)g(is)g(used)f(to)h(generate)i(the)e(list)g(of)g(p)s
(ossible)g(completions)h(for)e(the)h(w)m(ord.)81 b(If)44
b(the)150 2048 y(command)36 b(w)m(ord)g(is)g(the)g(empt)m(y)h(string)f
(\(completion)i(attempted)f(at)g(the)g(b)s(eginning)e(of)h(an)h(empt)m
(y)150 2157 y(line\),)28 b(an)m(y)e(compsp)s(ec)f(de\014ned)g(with)g
(the)h(`)p Fs(-E)p Ft(')f(option)i(to)f Fs(complete)e
Ft(is)h(used.)39 b(If)25 b(the)h(command)f(w)m(ord)150
2267 y(is)i(a)h(full)e(pathname,)i(a)g(compsp)s(ec)e(for)h(the)g(full)g
(pathname)g(is)g(searc)m(hed)h(for)f(\014rst.)39 b(If)26
b(no)h(compsp)s(ec)g(is)150 2376 y(found)22 b(for)g(the)h(full)g
(pathname,)h(an)f(attempt)h(is)f(made)g(to)g(\014nd)f(a)h(compsp)s(ec)f
(for)h(the)g(p)s(ortion)f(follo)m(wing)150 2486 y(the)34
b(\014nal)g(slash.)53 b(If)34 b(those)g(searc)m(hes)i(do)e(not)g
(result)h(in)f(a)g(compsp)s(ec,)h(an)m(y)g(compsp)s(ec)f(de\014ned)f
(with)150 2595 y(the)e(`)p Fs(-D)p Ft(')f(option)h(to)g
Fs(complete)d Ft(is)i(used)g(as)g(the)h(default.)275
2728 y(Once)j(a)g(compsp)s(ec)g(has)g(b)s(een)f(found,)h(it)h(is)f
(used)f(to)i(generate)h(the)e(list)h(of)f(matc)m(hing)h(w)m(ords.)51
b(If)150 2838 y(a)37 b(compsp)s(ec)f(is)g(not)h(found,)f(the)h(default)
f(Bash)h(completion)g(describ)s(ed)e(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)j(\(see)f(Section)g
(8.4.6)150 2947 y([Commands)30 b(F)-8 b(or)31 b(Completion],)g(page)g
(110\))h(is)f(p)s(erformed.)275 3080 y(First,)g(the)g(actions)g(sp)s
(eci\014ed)f(b)m(y)h(the)f(compsp)s(ec)h(are)g(used.)40
b(Only)30 b(matc)m(hes)i(whic)m(h)e(are)h(pre\014xed)150
3189 y(b)m(y)25 b(the)h(w)m(ord)f(b)s(eing)f(completed)j(are)e
(returned.)38 b(When)25 b(the)h(`)p Fs(-f)p Ft(')f(or)g(`)p
Fs(-d)p Ft(')g(option)h(is)f(used)g(for)g(\014lename)150
3299 y(or)30 b(directory)h(name)f(completion,)i(the)e(shell)h(v)-5
b(ariable)31 b Fs(FIGNORE)d Ft(is)i(used)f(to)i(\014lter)g(the)f(matc)m
(hes.)42 b(See)150 3408 y(Section)31 b(5.2)h([Bash)e(V)-8
b(ariables],)33 b(page)e(61,)g(for)f(a)h(description)g(of)f
Fs(FIGNORE)p Ft(.)275 3541 y(An)m(y)f(completions)h(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(b)
m(y)g(a)h(\014lename)f(expansion)h(pattern)f(to)h(the)g(`)p
Fs(-G)p Ft(')f(option)h(are)f(gener-)150 3650 y(ated)h(next.)40
b(The)29 b(w)m(ords)g(generated)h(b)m(y)f(the)h(pattern)f(need)g(not)g
(matc)m(h)i(the)e(w)m(ord)g(b)s(eing)g(completed.)150
3760 y(The)42 b Fs(GLOBIGNORE)d Ft(shell)k(v)-5 b(ariable)43
b(is)f(not)h(used)e(to)i(\014lter)f(the)h(matc)m(hes,)j(but)c(the)g
Fs(FIGNORE)f Ft(shell)150 3870 y(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(is)g(used.)275
4002 y(Next,)k(the)g(string)e(sp)s(eci\014ed)h(as)g(the)g(argumen)m(t)g
(to)h(the)f(`)p Fs(-W)p Ft(')g(option)g(is)g(considered.)52
b(The)33 b(string)150 4112 y(is)g(\014rst)e(split)i(using)f(the)h(c)m
(haracters)h(in)e(the)h Fs(IFS)e Ft(sp)s(ecial)j(v)-5
b(ariable)33 b(as)g(delimiters.)48 b(Shell)32 b(quoting)h(is)150
4221 y(honored.)56 b(Eac)m(h)37 b(w)m(ord)e(is)h(then)f(expanded)g
(using)h(brace)g(expansion,)h(tilde)f(expansion,)h(parameter)150
4331 y(and)44 b(v)-5 b(ariable)46 b(expansion,)j(command)44
b(substitution,)49 b(and)44 b(arithmetic)i(expansion,)j(as)c(describ)s
(ed)150 4440 y(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)38 b(\(see)f(Section)h(3.5)g([Shell)e
(Expansions],)i(page)f(17\).)61 b(The)36 b(results)h(are)g(split)f
(using)h(the)f(rules)150 4550 y(describ)s(ed)29 b(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)i
(\(see)f(Section)h(3.5.7)h([W)-8 b(ord)30 b(Splitting],)h(page)f(23\).)
42 b(The)30 b(results)f(of)h(the)g(expansion)150 4660
y(are)f(pre\014x-matc)m(hed)h(against)g(the)f(w)m(ord)g(b)s(eing)f
(completed,)j(and)d(the)i(matc)m(hing)g(w)m(ords)e(b)s(ecome)i(the)150
4769 y(p)s(ossible)g(completions.)275 4902 y(After)f(these)g(matc)m
(hes)i(ha)m(v)m(e)f(b)s(een)f(generated,)h(an)m(y)g(shell)f(function)g
(or)g(command)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(with)150 5011 y(the)i(`)p
Fs(-F)p Ft(')g(and)f(`)p Fs(-C)p Ft(')h(options)g(is)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m
(ed.)41 b(When)30 b(the)g(command)g(or)f(function)h(is)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m
(ed,)h(the)f Fs(COMP_)150 5121 y(LINE)p Ft(,)42 b Fs(COMP_POINT)p
Ft(,)d Fs(COMP_KEY)p Ft(,)i(and)e Fs(COMP_TYPE)f Ft(v)-5
b(ariables)41 b(are)f(assigned)g(v)-5 b(alues)41 b(as)f(describ)s(ed)
150 5230 y(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)k(\(see)g(Section)f(5.2)h([Bash)f(V)-8
b(ariables],)48 b(page)c(61\).)79 b(If)42 b(a)i(shell)f(function)f(is)h
(b)s(eing)f(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed,)150 5340 y(the)37 b Fs(COMP_WORDS)d
Ft(and)i Fs(COMP_CWORD)e Ft(v)-5 b(ariables)38 b(are)f(also)h(set.)60
b(When)37 b(the)g(function)f(or)h(command)p eop end
%%Page: 116 122
TeXDict begin 116 121 bop 150 -116 a Ft(116)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y(is)42 b(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed,)k(the)41
b(\014rst)g(argumen)m(t)h(is)g(the)g(name)f(of)h(the)g(command)f(whose)
h(argumen)m(ts)f(are)h(b)s(eing)150 408 y(completed,)d(the)d(second)g
(argumen)m(t)h(is)f(the)g(w)m(ord)g(b)s(eing)g(completed,)i(and)e(the)g
(third)f(argumen)m(t)i(is)150 518 y(the)28 b(w)m(ord)g(preceding)h(the)
f(w)m(ord)g(b)s(eing)g(completed)h(on)f(the)h(curren)m(t)f(command)g
(line.)40 b(No)29 b(\014ltering)g(of)150 628 y(the)i(generated)h
(completions)h(against)f(the)f(w)m(ord)g(b)s(eing)g(completed)h(is)f(p)
s(erformed;)f(the)h(function)g(or)150 737 y(command)f(has)g(complete)i
(freedom)e(in)g(generating)i(the)f(matc)m(hes.)275 871
y(An)m(y)g(function)h(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(with)g(`)p Fs(-F)p
Ft(')h(is)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(\014rst.)44 b(The)31 b(function)h(ma)m
(y)g(use)g(an)m(y)g(of)g(the)g(shell)150 981 y(facilities,)50
b(including)44 b(the)h Fs(compgen)d Ft(and)i Fs(compopt)e
Ft(builtins)i(describ)s(ed)f(b)s(elo)m(w)h(\(see)i(Section)f(8.7)150
1090 y([Programmable)31 b(Completion)h(Builtins],)f(page)h(117\),)g(to)
g(generate)g(the)f(matc)m(hes.)42 b(It)31 b(m)m(ust)g(put)f(the)150
1200 y(p)s(ossible)g(completions)h(in)f(the)h Fs(COMPREPLY)d
Ft(arra)m(y)j(v)-5 b(ariable.)275 1334 y(Next,)23 b(an)m(y)e(command)f
(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(with)g(the)h(`)p Fs(-C)p Ft(')f(option)h(is)g(in)m(v)
m(ok)m(ed)h(in)e(an)g(en)m(vironmen)m(t)h(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)150
1443 y(to)26 b(command)e(substitution.)39 b(It)25 b(should)f(prin)m(t)h
(a)g(list)h(of)f(completions,)i(one)e(p)s(er)f(line,)j(to)f(the)f
(standard)150 1553 y(output.)40 b(Bac)m(kslash)32 b(ma)m(y)f(b)s(e)f
(used)g(to)h(escap)s(e)g(a)f(newline,)h(if)f(necessary)-8
b(.)275 1687 y(After)42 b(all)g(of)g(the)g(p)s(ossible)g(completions)h
(are)f(generated,)k(an)m(y)c(\014lter)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(with)h(the)g
(`)p Fs(-X)p Ft(')150 1797 y(option)34 b(is)f(applied)g(to)h(the)f
(list.)49 b(The)33 b(\014lter)g(is)g(a)h(pattern)f(as)g(used)g(for)g
(pathname)g(expansion;)h(a)g(`)p Fs(&)p Ft(')150 1906
y(in)39 b(the)g(pattern)g(is)g(replaced)g(with)g(the)g(text)h(of)f(the)
g(w)m(ord)g(b)s(eing)f(completed.)68 b(A)39 b(literal)h(`)p
Fs(&)p Ft(')f(ma)m(y)150 2016 y(b)s(e)e(escap)s(ed)h(with)g(a)h(bac)m
(kslash;)k(the)38 b(bac)m(kslash)h(is)f(remo)m(v)m(ed)h(b)s(efore)e
(attempting)j(a)e(matc)m(h.)65 b(An)m(y)150 2125 y(completion)35
b(that)g(matc)m(hes)g(the)f(pattern)g(will)g(b)s(e)g(remo)m(v)m(ed)h
(from)e(the)h(list.)53 b(A)34 b(leading)g(`)p Fs(!)p
Ft(')h(negates)150 2235 y(the)c(pattern;)f(in)g(this)h(case)g(an)m(y)g
(completion)g(not)g(matc)m(hing)h(the)e(pattern)h(will)f(b)s(e)g(remo)m
(v)m(ed.)275 2369 y(Finally)-8 b(,)33 b(an)m(y)f(pre\014x)f(and)g
(su\016x)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(with)h(the)g(`)p Fs(-P)p
Ft(')f(and)g(`)p Fs(-S)p Ft(')h(options)g(are)g(added)f(to)i(eac)m(h)
150 2478 y(mem)m(b)s(er)e(of)g(the)h(completion)h(list,)f(and)f(the)h
(result)f(is)h(returned)e(to)i(the)g(Readline)g(completion)h(co)s(de)
150 2588 y(as)e(the)f(list)h(of)g(p)s(ossible)f(completions.)275
2722 y(If)22 b(the)i(previously-applied)f(actions)i(do)e(not)h
(generate)h(an)m(y)f(matc)m(hes,)i(and)d(the)g(`)p Fs(-o)30
b(dirnames)p Ft(')22 b(op-)150 2832 y(tion)29 b(w)m(as)f(supplied)f(to)
i Fs(complete)d Ft(when)h(the)h(compsp)s(ec)g(w)m(as)g(de\014ned,)g
(directory)g(name)h(completion)150 2941 y(is)h(attempted.)275
3075 y(If)g(the)i(`)p Fs(-o)e(plusdirs)p Ft(')f(option)j(w)m(as)f
(supplied)f(to)i Fs(complete)e Ft(when)g(the)h(compsp)s(ec)g(w)m(as)h
(de\014ned,)150 3185 y(directory)k(name)f(completion)i(is)e(attempted)h
(and)f(an)m(y)h(matc)m(hes)g(are)g(added)f(to)h(the)f(results)g(of)h
(the)150 3294 y(other)31 b(actions.)275 3428 y(By)g(default,)i(if)e(a)h
(compsp)s(ec)f(is)h(found,)f(whatev)m(er)h(it)g(generates)h(is)e
(returned)g(to)h(the)g(completion)150 3538 y(co)s(de)21
b(as)g(the)g(full)g(set)g(of)g(p)s(ossible)f(completions.)39
b(The)20 b(default)h(Bash)g(completions)h(are)g(not)f(attempted,)150
3647 y(and)k(the)h(Readline)g(default)g(of)g(\014lename)g(completion)h
(is)f(disabled.)38 b(If)26 b(the)g(`)p Fs(-o)k(bashdefault)p
Ft(')22 b(option)150 3757 y(w)m(as)i(supplied)e(to)j
Fs(complete)c Ft(when)i(the)g(compsp)s(ec)h(w)m(as)g(de\014ned,)g(the)f
(default)h(Bash)g(completions)h(are)150 3867 y(attempted)f(if)f(the)g
(compsp)s(ec)g(generates)i(no)e(matc)m(hes.)39 b(If)23
b(the)g(`)p Fs(-o)30 b(default)p Ft(')21 b(option)j(w)m(as)f(supplied)f
(to)150 3976 y Fs(complete)j Ft(when)h(the)h(compsp)s(ec)f(w)m(as)i
(de\014ned,)e(Readline's)i(default)f(completion)h(will)f(b)s(e)f(p)s
(erformed)150 4086 y(if)k(the)h(compsp)s(ec)f(\(and,)g(if)h(attempted,)
g(the)g(default)f(Bash)h(completions\))h(generate)g(no)e(matc)m(hes.)
275 4220 y(When)20 b(a)i(compsp)s(ec)e(indicates)i(that)g(directory)g
(name)f(completion)h(is)f(desired,)i(the)e(programmable)150
4329 y(completion)31 b(functions)e(force)i(Readline)f(to)h(app)s(end)d
(a)i(slash)g(to)g(completed)h(names)e(whic)m(h)h(are)g(sym-)150
4439 y(b)s(olic)40 b(links)g(to)h(directories,)j(sub)5
b(ject)40 b(to)h(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)41 b(of)f(the)g Fq(mark-directories)
45 b Ft(Readline)c(v)-5 b(ariable,)150 4548 y(regardless)31
b(of)f(the)h(setting)g(of)g(the)f Fq(mark-symlink)m(ed-directories)36
b Ft(Readline)31 b(v)-5 b(ariable.)275 4682 y(There)25
b(is)i(some)g(supp)s(ort)e(for)h(dynamically)h(mo)s(difying)f
(completions.)40 b(This)26 b(is)g(most)h(useful)f(when)150
4792 y(used)37 b(in)h(com)m(bination)h(with)e(a)i(default)f(completion)
h(sp)s(eci\014ed)e(with)h(`)p Fs(-D)p Ft('.)63 b(It's)38
b(p)s(ossible)f(for)h(shell)150 4902 y(functions)28 b(executed)h(as)f
(completion)i(handlers)d(to)i(indicate)g(that)g(completion)g(should)e
(b)s(e)h(retried)g(b)m(y)150 5011 y(returning)j(an)i(exit)g(status)f
(of)h(124.)48 b(If)31 b(a)i(shell)f(function)g(returns)f(124,)k(and)c
(c)m(hanges)j(the)e(compsp)s(ec)150 5121 y(asso)s(ciated)43
b(with)e(the)g(command)g(on)g(whic)m(h)g(completion)i(is)e(b)s(eing)g
(attempted)h(\(supplied)e(as)i(the)150 5230 y(\014rst)29
b(argumen)m(t)h(when)e(the)i(function)f(is)g(executed\),)j
(programmable)d(completion)i(restarts)f(from)f(the)150
5340 y(b)s(eginning,)40 b(with)e(an)h(attempt)g(to)h(\014nd)d(a)i
(compsp)s(ec)f(for)g(that)h(command.)65 b(This)38 b(allo)m(ws)i(a)f
(set)g(of)p eop end
%%Page: 117 123
TeXDict begin 117 122 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(117)150 299 y(completions)33
b(to)f(b)s(e)g(built)f(dynamically)i(as)f(completion)h(is)f(attempted,)
h(rather)f(than)f(b)s(eing)g(loaded)150 408 y(all)g(at)g(once.)275
564 y(F)-8 b(or)38 b(instance,)h(assuming)e(that)h(there)f(is)h(a)f
(library)g(of)g(compsp)s(ecs,)i(eac)m(h)g(k)m(ept)e(in)g(a)h(\014le)f
(corre-)150 673 y(sp)s(onding)g(to)j(the)f(name)f(of)h(the)g(command,)i
(the)e(follo)m(wing)h(default)f(completion)h(function)e(w)m(ould)150
783 y(load)31 b(completions)g(dynamically:)390 938 y
Fs(_completion_loader\(\))390 1048 y({)390 1157 y(.)47
b("/etc/bash_completion.d/$1)o(.sh")41 b(>/dev/null)k(2>&1)i(&&)g
(return)f(124)390 1267 y(})390 1376 y(complete)g(-D)h(-F)g
(_completion_loader)150 1640 y Fr(8.7)68 b(Programmable)47
b(Completion)f(Builtins)150 1799 y Ft(Tw)m(o)27 b(builtin)g(commands)g
(are)g(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)29 b(to)f(manipulate)g(the)f(programmable)g
(completion)h(facilities.)150 1990 y Fs(compgen)870 2134
y(compgen)46 b([)p Fi(option)11 b Fs(])45 b([)p Fi(word)11
b Fs(])630 2279 y Ft(Generate)27 b(p)s(ossible)e(completion)i(matc)m
(hes)g(for)e Fq(w)m(ord)k Ft(according)e(to)f(the)g Fq(option)p
Ft(s,)h(whic)m(h)630 2389 y(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(an)m(y)h(option)g
(accepted)h(b)m(y)e(the)h Fs(complete)d Ft(builtin)j(with)f(the)h
(exception)g(of)g(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(')630 2498 y(and)k(`)p
Fs(-r)p Ft(',)i(and)e(write)h(the)g(matc)m(hes)h(to)g(the)f(standard)f
(output.)48 b(When)33 b(using)f(the)h(`)p Fs(-F)p Ft(')630
2608 y(or)28 b(`)p Fs(-C)p Ft(')g(options,)h(the)f(v)-5
b(arious)29 b(shell)f(v)-5 b(ariables)29 b(set)f(b)m(y)g(the)g
(programmable)h(completion)630 2718 y(facilities,)k(while)d(a)m(v)-5
b(ailable,)33 b(will)e(not)g(ha)m(v)m(e)g(useful)f(v)-5
b(alues.)630 2862 y(The)34 b(matc)m(hes)h(will)g(b)s(e)f(generated)h
(in)f(the)h(same)g(w)m(a)m(y)g(as)g(if)f(the)h(programmable)f(com-)630
2972 y(pletion)d(co)s(de)g(had)f(generated)i(them)e(directly)i(from)e
(a)h(completion)h(sp)s(eci\014cation)f(with)630 3082
y(the)e(same)h(\015ags.)40 b(If)29 b Fq(w)m(ord)j Ft(is)d(sp)s
(eci\014ed,)g(only)g(those)h(completions)g(matc)m(hing)g
Fq(w)m(ord)j Ft(will)630 3191 y(b)s(e)d(displa)m(y)m(ed.)630
3336 y(The)24 b(return)g(v)-5 b(alue)25 b(is)g(true)f(unless)g(an)h(in)
m(v)-5 b(alid)25 b(option)g(is)g(supplied,)f(or)h(no)g(matc)m(hes)g(w)m
(ere)630 3446 y(generated.)150 3626 y Fs(complete)870
3770 y(complete)46 b([-abcdefgjksuv])d([-o)k Fi(comp-option)11
b Fs(])44 b([-DE])i([-A)h Fi(action)11 b Fs(])46 b([-)870
3880 y(G)h Fi(globpat)11 b Fs(])46 b([-W)g Fi(wordlist)11
b Fs(])870 3990 y([-F)47 b Fi(function)11 b Fs(])45 b([-C)i
Fi(command)11 b Fs(])45 b([-X)i Fi(filterpat)11 b Fs(])870
4099 y([-P)47 b Fi(prefix)11 b Fs(])45 b([-S)i Fi(suffix)11
b Fs(])45 b Fi(name)58 b Fs([)p Fi(name)f Fs(...)o(])870
4209 y(complete)46 b(-pr)g([-DE])h([)p Fi(name)57 b Fs(...)o(])630
4354 y Ft(Sp)s(ecify)33 b(ho)m(w)h(argumen)m(ts)h(to)f(eac)m(h)i
Fq(name)j Ft(should)33 b(b)s(e)g(completed.)53 b(If)33
b(the)i(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(')e(option)630 4463 y(is)d(supplied,)e(or)i(if)g
(no)f(options)h(are)g(supplied,)f(existing)h(completion)h(sp)s
(eci\014cations)g(are)630 4573 y(prin)m(ted)43 b(in)h(a)g(w)m(a)m(y)h
(that)f(allo)m(ws)h(them)f(to)g(b)s(e)g(reused)f(as)h(input.)80
b(The)43 b(`)p Fs(-r)p Ft(')g(option)630 4682 y(remo)m(v)m(es)29
b(a)e(completion)i(sp)s(eci\014cation)e(for)g(eac)m(h)i
Fq(name)5 b Ft(,)28 b(or,)g(if)f(no)g Fq(name)5 b Ft(s)27
b(are)h(supplied,)630 4792 y(all)46 b(completion)h(sp)s
(eci\014cations.)87 b(The)45 b(`)p Fs(-D)p Ft(')h(option)g(indicates)g
(that)g(the)g(remaining)630 4902 y(options)35 b(and)f(actions)h(should)
f(apply)g(to)h(the)g(\\default")g(command)f(completion;)k(that)630
5011 y(is,)25 b(completion)g(attempted)g(on)e(a)h(command)f(for)g(whic)
m(h)h(no)f(completion)i(has)e(previously)630 5121 y(b)s(een)28
b(de\014ned.)39 b(The)27 b(`)p Fs(-E)p Ft(')i(option)g(indicates)g
(that)g(the)g(remaining)f(options)h(and)f(actions)630
5230 y(should)i(apply)i(to)g(\\empt)m(y")g(command)g(completion;)h
(that)f(is,)g(completion)h(attempted)630 5340 y(on)d(a)h(blank)f(line.)
p eop end
%%Page: 118 124
TeXDict begin 118 123 bop 150 -116 a Ft(118)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)630 299 y(The)e(pro)s(cess)g(of)h(applying)g
(these)g(completion)g(sp)s(eci\014cations)h(when)d(w)m(ord)i
(completion)630 408 y(is)35 b(attempted)h(is)f(describ)s(ed)f(ab)s(o)m
(v)m(e)j(\(see)f(Section)g(8.6)g([Programmable)g(Completion],)630
518 y(page)31 b(115\).)42 b(The)30 b(`)p Fs(-D)p Ft(')h(option)f(tak)m
(es)i(precedence)f(o)m(v)m(er)h(`)p Fs(-E)p Ft('.)630
656 y(Other)41 b(options,)46 b(if)41 b(sp)s(eci\014ed,)j(ha)m(v)m(e)f
(the)f(follo)m(wing)i(meanings.)75 b(The)41 b(argumen)m(ts)h(to)630
766 y(the)e(`)p Fs(-G)p Ft(',)j(`)p Fs(-W)p Ft(',)g(and)d(`)p
Fs(-X)p Ft(')g(options)g(\(and,)j(if)d(necessary)-8 b(,)44
b(the)c(`)p Fs(-P)p Ft(')h(and)e(`)p Fs(-S)p Ft(')h(options\))630
875 y(should)30 b(b)s(e)h(quoted)g(to)h(protect)g(them)f(from)g
(expansion)g(b)s(efore)g(the)g Fs(complete)e Ft(builtin)630
985 y(is)h(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed.)630 1151 y Fs(-o)g Fi(comp-option)1110
1261 y Ft(The)c Fq(comp-option)i Ft(con)m(trols)g(sev)m(eral)h(asp)s
(ects)e(of)g(the)g(compsp)s(ec's)g(b)s(eha)m(v-)1110
1370 y(ior)g(b)s(ey)m(ond)f(the)g(simple)h(generation)h(of)e
(completions.)41 b Fq(comp-option)27 b Ft(ma)m(y)1110
1480 y(b)s(e)j(one)g(of:)1110 1646 y Fs(bashdefault)1590
1756 y Ft(P)m(erform)d(the)h(rest)f(of)h(the)g(default)f(Bash)h
(completions)g(if)g(the)1590 1866 y(compsp)s(ec)i(generates)i(no)e
(matc)m(hes.)1110 2032 y Fs(default)144 b Ft(Use)22 b(Readline's)g
(default)g(\014lename)g(completion)g(if)g(the)g(comp-)1590
2142 y(sp)s(ec)30 b(generates)i(no)e(matc)m(hes.)1110
2308 y Fs(dirnames)96 b Ft(P)m(erform)46 b(directory)g(name)h
(completion)g(if)f(the)g(compsp)s(ec)1590 2418 y(generates)32
b(no)e(matc)m(hes.)1110 2584 y Fs(filenames)1590 2694
y Ft(T)-8 b(ell)40 b(Readline)f(that)h(the)f(compsp)s(ec)f(generates)j
(\014lenames,)1590 2803 y(so)29 b(it)h(can)f(p)s(erform)f(an)m(y)h
(\014lename-sp)s(eci\014c)h(pro)s(cessing)e(\(lik)m(e)1590
2913 y(adding)d(a)h(slash)f(to)h(directory)g(names)f(quoting)h(sp)s
(ecial)g(c)m(har-)1590 3022 y(acters,)39 b(or)d(suppressing)f(trailing)
i(spaces\).)59 b(This)35 b(option)i(is)1590 3132 y(in)m(tended)30
b(to)g(b)s(e)g(used)f(with)g(shell)i(functions)e(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(with)
1590 3242 y(`)p Fs(-F)p Ft('.)1110 3408 y Fs(nospace)144
b Ft(T)-8 b(ell)40 b(Readline)g(not)g(to)g(app)s(end)d(a)j(space)g
(\(the)f(default\))h(to)1590 3518 y(w)m(ords)30 b(completed)h(at)g(the)
g(end)f(of)g(the)h(line.)1110 3684 y Fs(plusdirs)96 b
Ft(After)30 b(an)m(y)h(matc)m(hes)g(de\014ned)d(b)m(y)i(the)g(compsp)s
(ec)g(are)g(gener-)1590 3794 y(ated,)g(directory)f(name)g(completion)i
(is)d(attempted)i(and)f(an)m(y)1590 3903 y(matc)m(hes)j(are)e(added)g
(to)h(the)g(results)f(of)g(the)h(other)g(actions.)630
4070 y Fs(-A)f Fi(action)1110 4179 y Ft(The)25 b Fq(action)h
Ft(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)e(one)h(of)h(the)f(follo)m(wing)i(to)e(generate)i(a)e
(list)h(of)f(p)s(ossible)1110 4289 y(completions:)1110
4455 y Fs(alias)240 b Ft(Alias)31 b(names.)41 b(Ma)m(y)31
b(also)h(b)s(e)e(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(as)i(`)p Fs(-a)p Ft('.)1110
4622 y Fs(arrayvar)96 b Ft(Arra)m(y)31 b(v)-5 b(ariable)31
b(names.)1110 4788 y Fs(binding)144 b Ft(Readline)30
b(k)m(ey)f(binding)f(names)h(\(see)h(Section)f(8.4)h([Bindable)1590
4898 y(Readline)h(Commands],)f(page)h(106\).)1110 5064
y Fs(builtin)144 b Ft(Names)21 b(of)g(shell)f(builtin)h(commands.)37
b(Ma)m(y)21 b(also)h(b)s(e)e(sp)s(eci\014ed)1590 5174
y(as)31 b(`)p Fs(-b)p Ft('.)1110 5340 y Fs(command)144
b Ft(Command)29 b(names.)41 b(Ma)m(y)32 b(also)f(b)s(e)f(sp)s
(eci\014ed)f(as)i(`)p Fs(-c)p Ft('.)p eop end
%%Page: 119 125
TeXDict begin 119 124 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(119)1110 299 y Fs(directory)1590
408 y Ft(Directory)32 b(names.)40 b(Ma)m(y)32 b(also)f(b)s(e)f(sp)s
(eci\014ed)g(as)g(`)p Fs(-d)p Ft('.)1110 573 y Fs(disabled)96
b Ft(Names)31 b(of)g(disabled)f(shell)g(builtins.)1110
737 y Fs(enabled)144 b Ft(Names)31 b(of)g(enabled)f(shell)g(builtins.)
1110 902 y Fs(export)192 b Ft(Names)34 b(of)f(exp)s(orted)f(shell)h(v)
-5 b(ariables.)49 b(Ma)m(y)35 b(also)e(b)s(e)g(sp)s(eci-)1590
1011 y(\014ed)d(as)g(`)p Fs(-e)p Ft('.)1110 1176 y Fs(file)288
b Ft(File)32 b(names.)40 b(Ma)m(y)32 b(also)f(b)s(e)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)f
(as)i(`)p Fs(-f)p Ft('.)1110 1340 y Fs(function)96 b
Ft(Names)31 b(of)g(shell)f(functions.)1110 1504 y Fs(group)240
b Ft(Group)30 b(names.)40 b(Ma)m(y)32 b(also)f(b)s(e)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)g
(as)g(`)p Fs(-g)p Ft('.)1110 1669 y Fs(helptopic)1590
1778 y Ft(Help)37 b(topics)g(as)g(accepted)h(b)m(y)e(the)h
Fs(help)f Ft(builtin)g(\(see)h(Sec-)1590 1888 y(tion)31
b(4.2)g([Bash)g(Builtins],)g(page)g(41\).)1110 2052 y
Fs(hostname)96 b Ft(Hostnames,)89 b(as)76 b(tak)m(en)h(from)f(the)g
(\014le)h(sp)s(eci\014ed)e(b)m(y)1590 2162 y(the)55 b
Fs(HOSTFILE)e Ft(shell)j(v)-5 b(ariable)56 b(\(see)g(Section)g(5.2)h
([Bash)1590 2271 y(V)-8 b(ariables],)32 b(page)f(61\).)1110
2436 y Fs(job)336 b Ft(Job)31 b(names,)h(if)g(job)f(con)m(trol)i(is)f
(activ)m(e.)46 b(Ma)m(y)33 b(also)g(b)s(e)e(sp)s(eci-)1590
2545 y(\014ed)f(as)g(`)p Fs(-j)p Ft('.)1110 2710 y Fs(keyword)144
b Ft(Shell)30 b(reserv)m(ed)h(w)m(ords.)40 b(Ma)m(y)32
b(also)f(b)s(e)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(as)i(`)p Fs(-k)p Ft('.)1110
2874 y Fs(running)144 b Ft(Names)31 b(of)g(running)d(jobs,)i(if)h(job)f
(con)m(trol)h(is)g(activ)m(e.)1110 3039 y Fs(service)144
b Ft(Service)31 b(names.)41 b(Ma)m(y)31 b(also)g(b)s(e)f(sp)s
(eci\014ed)g(as)g(`)p Fs(-s)p Ft('.)1110 3203 y Fs(setopt)192
b Ft(V)-8 b(alid)34 b(argumen)m(ts)f(for)f(the)h(`)p
Fs(-o)p Ft(')g(option)g(to)h(the)f Fs(set)e Ft(builtin)1590
3313 y(\(see)g(Section)h(4.3.1)g([The)e(Set)g(Builtin],)i(page)f(51\).)
1110 3477 y Fs(shopt)240 b Ft(Shell)40 b(option)g(names)g(as)g
(accepted)i(b)m(y)e(the)g Fs(shopt)e Ft(builtin)1590
3587 y(\(see)31 b(Section)h(4.2)f([Bash)g(Builtins],)g(page)g(41\).)
1110 3751 y Fs(signal)192 b Ft(Signal)31 b(names.)1110
3915 y Fs(stopped)144 b Ft(Names)31 b(of)g(stopp)s(ed)e(jobs,)h(if)g
(job)g(con)m(trol)i(is)f(activ)m(e.)1110 4080 y Fs(user)288
b Ft(User)30 b(names.)41 b(Ma)m(y)32 b(also)f(b)s(e)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)f
(as)i(`)p Fs(-u)p Ft('.)1110 4244 y Fs(variable)96 b
Ft(Names)36 b(of)g(all)g(shell)g(v)-5 b(ariables.)56
b(Ma)m(y)37 b(also)f(b)s(e)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(as)1590
4354 y(`)p Fs(-v)p Ft('.)630 4518 y Fs(-G)30 b Fi(globpat)1110
4628 y Ft(The)39 b(\014lename)h(expansion)g(pattern)g
Fq(globpat)j Ft(is)d(expanded)f(to)h(generate)1110 4737
y(the)31 b(p)s(ossible)e(completions.)630 4902 y Fs(-W)h
Fi(wordlist)1110 5011 y Ft(The)24 b Fq(w)m(ordlist)k
Ft(is)d(split)g(using)f(the)h(c)m(haracters)i(in)d(the)i
Fs(IFS)e Ft(sp)s(ecial)h(v)-5 b(ariable)1110 5121 y(as)36
b(delimiters,)i(and)e(eac)m(h)h(resultan)m(t)g(w)m(ord)e(is)h
(expanded.)57 b(The)35 b(p)s(ossible)1110 5230 y(completions)c(are)e
(the)h(mem)m(b)s(ers)f(of)g(the)h(resultan)m(t)g(list)g(whic)m(h)f
(matc)m(h)i(the)1110 5340 y(w)m(ord)f(b)s(eing)g(completed.)p
eop end
%%Page: 120 126
TeXDict begin 120 125 bop 150 -116 a Ft(120)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)630 299 y Fs(-C)f Fi(command)1110
408 y Fq(command)35 b Ft(is)e(executed)g(in)e(a)i(subshell)e(en)m
(vironmen)m(t,)i(and)f(its)g(output)g(is)1110 518 y(used)e(as)g(the)h
(p)s(ossible)f(completions.)630 677 y Fs(-F)g Fi(function)1110
787 y Ft(The)25 b(shell)i(function)e Fq(function)h Ft(is)g(executed)h
(in)e(the)i(curren)m(t)e(shell)i(en)m(viron-)1110 897
y(men)m(t.)40 b(When)25 b(it)h(\014nishes,)f(the)h(p)s(ossible)f
(completions)h(are)g(retriev)m(ed)g(from)1110 1006 y(the)31
b(v)-5 b(alue)30 b(of)h(the)g Fs(COMPREPLY)c Ft(arra)m(y)k(v)-5
b(ariable.)630 1166 y Fs(-X)30 b Fi(filterpat)1110 1275
y Fq(\014lterpat)d Ft(is)e(a)g(pattern)g(as)f(used)g(for)h(\014lename)g
(expansion.)38 b(It)25 b(is)g(applied)f(to)1110 1385
y(the)30 b(list)f(of)h(p)s(ossible)f(completions)h(generated)h(b)m(y)e
(the)g(preceding)h(options)1110 1494 y(and)d(argumen)m(ts,)i(and)e(eac)
m(h)i(completion)g(matc)m(hing)g Fq(\014lterpat)h Ft(is)e(remo)m(v)m
(ed)1110 1604 y(from)i(the)h(list.)42 b(A)30 b(leading)i(`)p
Fs(!)p Ft(')e(in)g Fq(\014lterpat)j Ft(negates)f(the)f(pattern;)g(in)f
(this)1110 1714 y(case,)i(an)m(y)e(completion)i(not)f(matc)m(hing)g
Fq(\014lterpat)i Ft(is)d(remo)m(v)m(ed.)630 1873 y Fs(-P)g
Fi(prefix)1110 1983 y Fq(pre\014x)39 b Ft(is)34 b(added)f(at)i(the)f(b)
s(eginning)f(of)i(eac)m(h)g(p)s(ossible)e(completion)i(after)1110
2092 y(all)c(other)g(options)g(ha)m(v)m(e)g(b)s(een)f(applied.)630
2252 y Fs(-S)g Fi(suffix)1110 2361 y Fq(su\016x)c Ft(is)20
b(app)s(ended)f(to)i(eac)m(h)h(p)s(ossible)e(completion)i(after)f(all)g
(other)g(options)1110 2471 y(ha)m(v)m(e)32 b(b)s(een)d(applied.)630
2630 y(The)35 b(return)g(v)-5 b(alue)37 b(is)f(true)f(unless)h(an)f(in)
m(v)-5 b(alid)37 b(option)f(is)g(supplied,)g(an)g(option)h(other)630
2740 y(than)31 b(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(')g(or)g(`)p Fs(-r)p
Ft(')g(is)g(supplied)f(without)h(a)g Fq(name)37 b Ft(argumen)m(t,)32
b(an)f(attempt)h(is)f(made)g(to)630 2849 y(remo)m(v)m(e)h(a)e
(completion)i(sp)s(eci\014cation)f(for)f(a)h Fq(name)k
Ft(for)30 b(whic)m(h)g(no)g(sp)s(eci\014cation)h(exists,)630
2959 y(or)f(an)h(error)f(o)s(ccurs)g(adding)g(a)g(completion)i(sp)s
(eci\014cation.)150 3118 y Fs(compopt)870 3253 y(compopt)46
b([-o)h Fi(option)11 b Fs(])45 b([-DE])h([+o)h Fi(option)11
b Fs(])46 b([)p Fi(name)11 b Fs(])630 3387 y Ft(Mo)s(dify)33
b(completion)h(options)g(for)f(eac)m(h)h Fq(name)39 b
Ft(according)34 b(to)g(the)f Fq(option)p Ft(s,)i(or)e(for)g(the)630
3497 y(curren)m(tly-execution)46 b(completion)f(if)f(no)f
Fq(name)5 b Ft(s)44 b(are)h(supplied.)80 b(If)43 b(no)h
Fq(option)p Ft(s)h(are)630 3606 y(giv)m(en,)30 b(displa)m(y)e(the)g
(completion)h(options)g(for)e(eac)m(h)i Fq(name)34 b
Ft(or)27 b(the)i(curren)m(t)e(completion.)630 3716 y(The)f(p)s(ossible)
g(v)-5 b(alues)27 b(of)f Fq(option)h Ft(are)g(those)g(v)-5
b(alid)26 b(for)g(the)h Fs(complete)d Ft(builtin)i(describ)s(ed)630
3826 y(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e.)40 b(The)23 b(`)p Fs(-D)p Ft(')i(option)f
(indicates)h(that)g(the)f(remaining)g(options)h(should)e(apply)h(to)h
(the)630 3935 y(\\default")33 b(command)f(completion;)i(that)f(is,)g
(completion)g(attempted)g(on)f(a)g(command)630 4045 y(for)c(whic)m(h)f
(no)h(completion)h(has)f(previously)g(b)s(een)f(de\014ned.)38
b(The)28 b(`)p Fs(-E)p Ft(')g(option)g(indicates)630
4154 y(that)c(the)g(remaining)g(options)g(should)e(apply)h(to)i(\\empt)
m(y")g(command)e(completion;)k(that)630 4264 y(is,)k(completion)g
(attempted)h(on)e(a)h(blank)f(line.)630 4399 y(The)g(`)p
Fs(-D)p Ft(')g(option)h(tak)m(es)h(precedence)f(o)m(v)m(er)g(`)p
Fs(-E)p Ft('.)630 4533 y(The)23 b(return)g(v)-5 b(alue)25
b(is)f(true)g(unless)f(an)h(in)m(v)-5 b(alid)24 b(option)h(is)f
(supplied,)g(an)g(attempt)h(is)f(made)630 4643 y(to)32
b(mo)s(dify)f(the)g(options)h(for)f(a)h Fq(name)k Ft(for)31
b(whic)m(h)g(no)g(completion)i(sp)s(eci\014cation)f(exists,)630
4752 y(or)e(an)h(output)f(error)g(o)s(ccurs.)p eop end
%%Page: 121 127
TeXDict begin 121 126 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(9:)41
b(Using)30 b(History)h(In)m(teractiv)m(ely)1925 b(121)150
299 y Fo(9)80 b(Using)53 b(History)g(In)l(teractiv)l(ely)150
572 y Ft(This)42 b(c)m(hapter)h(describ)s(es)f(ho)m(w)g(to)h(use)g(the)
f Fl(gnu)h Ft(History)g(Library)e(in)m(teractiv)m(ely)-8
b(,)50 b(from)42 b(a)h(user's)150 681 y(standp)s(oin)m(t.)76
b(It)42 b(should)f(b)s(e)h(considered)g(a)g(user's)g(guide.)76
b(F)-8 b(or)43 b(information)f(on)g(using)g(the)g Fl(gnu)150
791 y Ft(History)31 b(Library)f(in)g(other)g(programs,)g(see)h(the)g
Fl(gnu)f Ft(Readline)h(Library)f(Man)m(ual.)150 1042
y Fr(9.1)68 b(Bash)45 b(History)h(F)-11 b(acilities)150
1202 y Ft(When)40 b(the)h(`)p Fs(-o)30 b(history)p Ft(')38
b(option)j(to)g(the)g Fs(set)e Ft(builtin)h(is)h(enabled)f(\(see)h
(Section)g(4.3.1)i([The)d(Set)150 1311 y(Builtin],)32
b(page)g(51\),)h(the)e(shell)h(pro)m(vides)f(access)h(to)g(the)f
Fq(command)g(history)p Ft(,)h(the)f(list)h(of)f(commands)150
1421 y(previously)h(t)m(yp)s(ed.)47 b(The)33 b(v)-5 b(alue)33
b(of)f(the)h Fs(HISTSIZE)e Ft(shell)h(v)-5 b(ariable)34
b(is)f(used)e(as)i(the)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)i(com-)150
1531 y(mands)i(to)i(sa)m(v)m(e)h(in)e(a)g(history)h(list.)58
b(The)36 b(text)h(of)g(the)f(last)h Fs($HISTSIZE)d Ft(commands)i
(\(default)g(500\))150 1640 y(is)h(sa)m(v)m(ed.)61 b(The)36
b(shell)h(stores)h(eac)m(h)g(command)e(in)h(the)g(history)g(list)g
(prior)f(to)i(parameter)f(and)f(v)-5 b(ari-)150 1750
y(able)33 b(expansion)g(but)f(after)h(history)f(expansion)h(is)g(p)s
(erformed,)e(sub)5 b(ject)33 b(to)g(the)g(v)-5 b(alues)33
b(of)g(the)g(shell)150 1859 y(v)-5 b(ariables)31 b Fs(HISTIGNORE)d
Ft(and)h Fs(HISTCONTROL)p Ft(.)275 2007 y(When)g(the)g(shell)h(starts)g
(up,)f(the)h(history)f(is)h(initialized)h(from)e(the)h(\014le)f(named)g
(b)m(y)h(the)f Fs(HISTFILE)150 2116 y Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)21
b(\(default)h(`)p Fs(~/.bash_history)p Ft('\).)34 b(The)20
b(\014le)h(named)f(b)m(y)h(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)21 b(of)g
Fs(HISTFILE)d Ft(is)j(truncated,)150 2226 y(if)42 b(necessary)-8
b(,)45 b(to)e(con)m(tain)g(no)f(more)g(than)f(the)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f
(of)h(lines)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(b)m(y)h(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)42
b(of)g(the)150 2336 y Fs(HISTFILESIZE)21 b Ft(v)-5 b(ariable.)40
b(When)24 b(an)g(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell)e(exits,)h(the)f(last)g
Fs($HISTSIZE)d Ft(lines)j(are)f(copied)150 2445 y(from)29
b(the)i(history)e(list)i(to)g(the)f(\014le)g(named)f(b)m(y)h
Fs($HISTFILE)p Ft(.)38 b(If)30 b(the)g Fs(histappend)d
Ft(shell)j(option)g(is)g(set)150 2555 y(\(see)22 b(Section)g(4.2)g
([Bash)g(Builtins],)h(page)f(41\),)j(the)c(lines)g(are)h(app)s(ended)d
(to)j(the)f(history)g(\014le,)j(otherwise)150 2664 y(the)32
b(history)f(\014le)g(is)h(o)m(v)m(erwritten.)45 b(If)31
b Fs(HISTFILE)e Ft(is)j(unset,)f(or)h(if)f(the)h(history)f(\014le)g(is)
h(un)m(writable,)g(the)150 2774 y(history)37 b(is)h(not)f(sa)m(v)m(ed.)
63 b(After)38 b(sa)m(ving)g(the)f(history)-8 b(,)40 b(the)e(history)f
(\014le)g(is)h(truncated)f(to)h(con)m(tain)h(no)150 2883
y(more)31 b(than)f Fs($HISTFILESIZE)c Ft(lines.)41 b(If)30
b Fs(HISTFILESIZE)d Ft(is)k(not)f(set,)h(no)g(truncation)f(is)h(p)s
(erformed.)275 3031 y(If)g(the)h Fs(HISTTIMEFORMAT)d
Ft(is)j(set,)h(the)f(time)h(stamp)f(information)g(asso)s(ciated)i(with)
e(eac)m(h)h(history)150 3140 y(en)m(try)d(is)h(written)f(to)h(the)f
(history)h(\014le,)f(mark)m(ed)h(with)f(the)g(history)g(commen)m(t)h(c)
m(haracter.)43 b(When)30 b(the)150 3250 y(history)22
b(\014le)h(is)g(read,)h(lines)f(b)s(eginning)e(with)i(the)f(history)h
(commen)m(t)g(c)m(haracter)h(follo)m(w)m(ed)h(immediately)150
3360 y(b)m(y)30 b(a)h(digit)g(are)g(in)m(terpreted)g(as)f(timestamps)h
(for)f(the)h(previous)f(history)g(line.)275 3507 y(The)19
b(builtin)h(command)g Fs(fc)g Ft(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(used)f(to)i(list)g
(or)g(edit)g(and)e(re-execute)j(a)f(p)s(ortion)f(of)g(the)h(history)150
3617 y(list.)41 b(The)27 b Fs(history)f Ft(builtin)i(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e
(used)g(to)i(displa)m(y)g(or)f(mo)s(dify)f(the)h(history)g(list)h(and)f
(manipulate)150 3726 y(the)j(history)g(\014le.)42 b(When)31
b(using)f(command-line)h(editing,)h(searc)m(h)f(commands)g(are)g(a)m(v)
-5 b(ailable)33 b(in)e(eac)m(h)150 3836 y(editing)45
b(mo)s(de)g(that)g(pro)m(vide)g(access)h(to)f(the)g(history)f(list)i
(\(see)f(Section)h(8.4.2)g([Commands)e(F)-8 b(or)150
3945 y(History],)31 b(page)h(107\).)275 4093 y(The)47
b(shell)i(allo)m(ws)h(con)m(trol)f(o)m(v)m(er)h(whic)m(h)e(commands)g
(are)h(sa)m(v)m(ed)g(on)f(the)h(history)f(list.)95 b(The)150
4202 y Fs(HISTCONTROL)25 b Ft(and)j Fs(HISTIGNORE)e Ft(v)-5
b(ariables)29 b(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)d(set)j(to)f(cause)g(the)g(shell)f(to)i
(sa)m(v)m(e)g(only)f(a)g(subset)150 4312 y(of)e(the)g(commands)f(en)m
(tered.)40 b(The)26 b Fs(cmdhist)f Ft(shell)i(option,)h(if)f(enabled,)g
(causes)h(the)e(shell)h(to)h(attempt)150 4421 y(to)23
b(sa)m(v)m(e)h(eac)m(h)f(line)g(of)f(a)h(m)m(ulti-line)g(command)f(in)g
(the)h(same)f(history)g(en)m(try)-8 b(,)25 b(adding)d(semicolons)h
(where)150 4531 y(necessary)37 b(to)f(preserv)m(e)h(syn)m(tactic)h
(correctness.)58 b(The)36 b Fs(lithist)e Ft(shell)i(option)h(causes)g
(the)f(shell)g(to)150 4641 y(sa)m(v)m(e)25 b(the)e(command)h(with)f(em)
m(b)s(edded)f(newlines)h(instead)h(of)f(semicolons.)40
b(The)23 b Fs(shopt)e Ft(builtin)i(is)h(used)150 4750
y(to)31 b(set)g(these)g(options.)41 b(See)31 b(Section)g(4.2)g([Bash)g
(Builtins],)g(page)g(41,)h(for)e(a)h(description)f(of)h
Fs(shopt)p Ft(.)150 5002 y Fr(9.2)68 b(Bash)45 b(History)h(Builtins)150
5161 y Ft(Bash)31 b(pro)m(vides)f(t)m(w)m(o)i(builtin)e(commands)g
(whic)m(h)g(manipulate)g(the)h(history)f(list)h(and)f(history)g
(\014le.)150 5340 y Fs(fc)p eop end
%%Page: 122 128
TeXDict begin 122 127 bop 150 -116 a Ft(122)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)870 299 y Fs(fc)47 b([-e)g Fi(ename)11
b Fs(])46 b([-lnr])g([)p Fi(first)11 b Fs(])45 b([)p
Fi(last)11 b Fs(])870 408 y(fc)47 b(-s)g([)p Fi(pat)11
b Fs(=)p Fi(rep)g Fs(])45 b([)p Fi(command)11 b Fs(])630
539 y Ft(Fix)41 b(Command.)68 b(In)39 b(the)i(\014rst)e(form,)j(a)e
(range)h(of)f(commands)g(from)f Fq(\014rst)i Ft(to)g
Fq(last)i Ft(is)630 648 y(selected)35 b(from)e(the)g(history)g(list.)50
b(Both)34 b Fq(\014rst)h Ft(and)e Fq(last)j Ft(ma)m(y)e(b)s(e)e(sp)s
(eci\014ed)h(as)g(a)h(string)630 758 y(\(to)26 b(lo)s(cate)h(the)e
(most)h(recen)m(t)g(command)e(b)s(eginning)h(with)g(that)g(string\))h
(or)f(as)g(a)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)630 867 y(\(an)f(index)f(in)m(to)h(the)g
(history)g(list,)h(where)e(a)h(negativ)m(e)i(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)c(is)i
(used)f(as)g(an)h(o\013set)g(from)630 977 y(the)j(curren)m(t)f(command)
h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er\).)38 b(If)26 b Fq(last)k Ft(is)c(not)h(sp)s
(eci\014ed)f(it)h(is)g(set)g(to)g Fq(\014rst)r Ft(.)39
b(If)26 b Fq(\014rst)i Ft(is)630 1087 y(not)j(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(it)h(is)
g(set)h(to)f(the)g(previous)f(command)h(for)f(editing)i(and)e
Fp(\000)p Ft(16)h(for)g(listing.)630 1196 y(If)f(the)g(`)p
Fs(-l)p Ft(')g(\015ag)h(is)f(giv)m(en,)h(the)g(commands)e(are)i(listed)
g(on)f(standard)f(output.)40 b(The)30 b(`)p Fs(-n)p Ft(')630
1306 y(\015ag)i(suppresses)f(the)h(command)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(ers)e(when)i
(listing.)46 b(The)32 b(`)p Fs(-r)p Ft(')g(\015ag)g(rev)m(erses)h(the)
630 1415 y(order)g(of)g(the)h(listing.)50 b(Otherwise,)34
b(the)f(editor)h(giv)m(en)g(b)m(y)f Fq(ename)39 b Ft(is)33
b(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)i(on)e(a)h(\014le)630 1525 y(con)m(taining)i(those)f
(commands.)52 b(If)33 b Fq(ename)40 b Ft(is)34 b(not)h(giv)m(en,)h(the)
f(v)-5 b(alue)35 b(of)f(the)g(follo)m(wing)630 1634 y(v)-5
b(ariable)33 b(expansion)e(is)h(used:)42 b Fs(${FCEDIT:-${EDITOR:-vi}})
p Ft(.)d(This)31 b(sa)m(ys)h(to)g(use)g(the)630 1744
y(v)-5 b(alue)34 b(of)f(the)h Fs(FCEDIT)e Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)34
b(if)f(set,)i(or)f(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)34 b(of)g(the)f
Fs(EDITOR)f Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)34 b(if)f(that)630 1854
y(is)g(set,)i(or)e Fs(vi)g Ft(if)g(neither)g(is)g(set.)50
b(When)33 b(editing)h(is)f(complete,)i(the)f(edited)f(commands)630
1963 y(are)e(ec)m(ho)s(ed)g(and)f(executed.)630 2093
y(In)k(the)g(second)g(form,)h Fq(command)j Ft(is)c(re-executed)i(after)
f(eac)m(h)g(instance)g(of)f Fq(pat)j Ft(in)d(the)630
2203 y(selected)e(command)e(is)g(replaced)h(b)m(y)g Fq(rep)s
Ft(.)630 2333 y(A)g(useful)f(alias)i(to)g(use)e(with)h(the)g
Fs(fc)f Ft(command)h(is)g Fs(r='fc)e(-s')p Ft(,)h(so)h(that)h(t)m
(yping)f(`)p Fs(r)f(cc)p Ft(')630 2443 y(runs)35 b(the)h(last)h
(command)f(b)s(eginning)g(with)g Fs(cc)f Ft(and)h(t)m(yping)g(`)p
Fs(r)p Ft(')h(re-executes)h(the)e(last)630 2552 y(command)30
b(\(see)h(Section)h(6.6)f([Aliases],)h(page)g(79\).)150
2703 y Fs(history)870 2833 y(history)46 b([)p Fi(n)11
b Fs(])870 2943 y(history)46 b(-c)870 3052 y(history)g(-d)h
Fi(offset)870 3162 y Fs(history)f([-anrw])g([)p Fi(filename)11
b Fs(])870 3271 y(history)46 b(-ps)h Fi(arg)630 3402
y Ft(With)26 b(no)g(options,)h(displa)m(y)f(the)g(history)g(list)g
(with)f(line)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(ers.)38 b(Lines)26 b(pre\014xed)e(with)630
3511 y(a)35 b(`)p Fs(*)p Ft(')g(ha)m(v)m(e)h(b)s(een)e(mo)s(di\014ed.)
53 b(An)34 b(argumen)m(t)h(of)g Fq(n)f Ft(lists)i(only)f(the)g(last)g
Fq(n)f Ft(lines.)54 b(If)35 b(the)630 3621 y(shell)30
b(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b Fs(HISTTIMEFORMAT)26 b Ft(is)k(set)h(and)e(not)i
(n)m(ull,)f(it)h(is)f(used)f(as)h(a)h(format)f(string)630
3730 y(for)36 b Fq(strftime)41 b Ft(to)36 b(displa)m(y)g(the)g(time)h
(stamp)f(asso)s(ciated)h(with)f(eac)m(h)h(displa)m(y)m(ed)f(history)630
3840 y(en)m(try)-8 b(.)47 b(No)33 b(in)m(terv)m(ening)g(blank)f(is)g
(prin)m(ted)g(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)h(the)g(formatted)f(time)h(stamp)g(and)
630 3950 y(the)e(history)f(line.)630 4080 y(Options,)g(if)h(supplied,)e
(ha)m(v)m(e)i(the)g(follo)m(wing)h(meanings:)630 4230
y Fs(-c)384 b Ft(Clear)23 b(the)g(history)g(list.)39
b(This)22 b(ma)m(y)i(b)s(e)e(com)m(bined)h(with)f(the)h(other)h
(options)1110 4340 y(to)31 b(replace)g(the)g(history)f(list)h
(completely)-8 b(.)630 4491 y Fs(-d)30 b Fi(offset)1110
4600 y Ft(Delete)25 b(the)f(history)f(en)m(try)g(at)h(p)s(osition)f
Fq(o\013set)r Ft(.)39 b Fq(o\013set)26 b Ft(should)c(b)s(e)h(sp)s
(eci\014ed)1110 4710 y(as)31 b(it)g(app)s(ears)e(when)h(the)g(history)g
(is)h(displa)m(y)m(ed.)630 4861 y Fs(-a)384 b Ft(App)s(end)35
b(the)i(new)g(history)g(lines)g(\(history)g(lines)g(en)m(tered)h(since)
f(the)g(b)s(e-)1110 4970 y(ginning)30 b(of)h(the)f(curren)m(t)g(Bash)h
(session\))g(to)g(the)g(history)f(\014le.)630 5121 y
Fs(-n)384 b Ft(App)s(end)32 b(the)i(history)f(lines)h(not)g(already)g
(read)g(from)f(the)h(history)f(\014le)h(to)1110 5230
y(the)26 b(curren)m(t)f(history)g(list.)40 b(These)25
b(are)h(lines)g(app)s(ended)e(to)i(the)f(history)h(\014le)1110
5340 y(since)31 b(the)f(b)s(eginning)g(of)g(the)h(curren)m(t)f(Bash)h
(session.)p eop end
%%Page: 123 129
TeXDict begin 123 128 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(9:)41
b(Using)30 b(History)h(In)m(teractiv)m(ely)1925 b(123)630
299 y Fs(-r)384 b Ft(Read)26 b(the)h(curren)m(t)f(history)g(\014le)g
(and)g(app)s(end)e(its)j(con)m(ten)m(ts)h(to)f(the)f(history)1110
408 y(list.)630 573 y Fs(-w)384 b Ft(W)-8 b(rite)32 b(out)e(the)h
(curren)m(t)f(history)g(to)i(the)e(history)g(\014le.)630
739 y Fs(-p)384 b Ft(P)m(erform)31 b(history)f(substitution)h(on)f(the)
h Fq(arg)8 b Ft(s)31 b(and)f(displa)m(y)h(the)f(result)h(on)1110
848 y(the)d(standard)f(output,)i(without)f(storing)g(the)g(results)g
(in)g(the)g(history)g(list.)630 1013 y Fs(-s)384 b Ft(The)30
b Fq(arg)8 b Ft(s)30 b(are)h(added)f(to)h(the)f(end)g(of)h(the)f
(history)h(list)g(as)f(a)h(single)g(en)m(try)-8 b(.)630
1178 y(When)24 b(an)m(y)h(of)f(the)h(`)p Fs(-w)p Ft(',)h(`)p
Fs(-r)p Ft(',)f(`)p Fs(-a)p Ft(',)h(or)f(`)p Fs(-n)p
Ft(')f(options)g(is)h(used,)g(if)f Fq(\014lename)30 b
Ft(is)24 b(giv)m(en,)j(then)630 1288 y(it)32 b(is)g(used)f(as)h(the)f
(history)h(\014le.)45 b(If)31 b(not,)h(then)g(the)f(v)-5
b(alue)32 b(of)g(the)g Fs(HISTFILE)d Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)33
b(is)630 1397 y(used.)150 1638 y Fr(9.3)68 b(History)46
b(Expansion)150 1798 y Ft(The)f(History)h(library)e(pro)m(vides)i(a)f
(history)g(expansion)g(feature)h(that)g(is)f(similar)h(to)g(the)f
(history)150 1907 y(expansion)g(pro)m(vided)f(b)m(y)h
Fs(csh)p Ft(.)83 b(This)44 b(section)i(describ)s(es)e(the)h(syn)m(tax)h
(used)e(to)i(manipulate)f(the)150 2017 y(history)30 b(information.)275
2157 y(History)h(expansions)f(in)m(tro)s(duce)g(w)m(ords)g(from)g(the)h
(history)f(list)h(in)m(to)g(the)g(input)f(stream,)h(making)150
2266 y(it)g(easy)g(to)g(rep)s(eat)g(commands,)f(insert)g(the)h(argumen)
m(ts)f(to)h(a)g(previous)f(command)g(in)m(to)i(the)e(curren)m(t)150
2376 y(input)f(line,)i(or)g(\014x)f(errors)f(in)h(previous)g(commands)g
(quic)m(kly)-8 b(.)275 2516 y(History)27 b(expansion)f(tak)m(es)i
(place)f(in)f(t)m(w)m(o)i(parts.)39 b(The)26 b(\014rst)g(is)g(to)h
(determine)g(whic)m(h)f(line)h(from)f(the)150 2626 y(history)i(list)g
(should)f(b)s(e)g(used)g(during)g(substitution.)39 b(The)27
b(second)h(is)g(to)h(select)g(p)s(ortions)e(of)h(that)h(line)150
2735 y(for)d(inclusion)f(in)m(to)i(the)f(curren)m(t)f(one.)40
b(The)25 b(line)h(selected)h(from)f(the)g(history)f(is)h(called)h(the)f
Fq(ev)m(en)m(t)p Ft(,)j(and)150 2845 y(the)21 b(p)s(ortions)g(of)g
(that)h(line)f(that)h(are)g(acted)g(up)s(on)e(are)h(called)h
Fq(w)m(ords)p Ft(.)38 b(V)-8 b(arious)21 b Fq(mo)s(di\014ers)j
Ft(are)e(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)150 2955 y(to)35 b(manipulate)f(the)g
(selected)i(w)m(ords.)51 b(The)33 b(line)h(is)g(brok)m(en)g(in)m(to)h
(w)m(ords)e(in)h(the)g(same)h(fashion)e(that)150 3064
y(Bash)i(do)s(es,)h(so)f(that)h(sev)m(eral)g(w)m(ords)e(surrounded)f(b)
m(y)i(quotes)g(are)g(considered)g(one)g(w)m(ord.)54 b(History)150
3174 y(expansions)34 b(are)g(in)m(tro)s(duced)f(b)m(y)h(the)g(app)s
(earance)g(of)g(the)g(history)g(expansion)g(c)m(haracter,)i(whic)m(h)e
(is)150 3283 y(`)p Fs(!)p Ft(')d(b)m(y)f(default.)41
b(Only)29 b(`)p Fs(\\)p Ft(')i(and)f(`)p Fs(')p Ft(')g(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f
(used)g(to)h(escap)s(e)g(the)f(history)g(expansion)h(c)m(haracter.)275
3423 y(Sev)m(eral)40 b(shell)g(options)g(settable)h(with)e(the)h
Fs(shopt)e Ft(builtin)h(\(see)h(Section)h(4.2)f([Bash)g(Builtins],)150
3533 y(page)32 b(41\))h(ma)m(y)f(b)s(e)f(used)g(to)i(tailor)g(the)e(b)s
(eha)m(vior)h(of)g(history)g(expansion.)44 b(If)31 b(the)h
Fs(histverify)d Ft(shell)150 3643 y(option)39 b(is)f(enabled,)i(and)e
(Readline)g(is)h(b)s(eing)e(used,)j(history)e(substitutions)g(are)g
(not)h(immediately)150 3752 y(passed)30 b(to)h(the)g(shell)g(parser.)40
b(Instead,)30 b(the)h(expanded)f(line)h(is)f(reloaded)h(in)m(to)h(the)e
(Readline)h(editing)150 3862 y(bu\013er)e(for)i(further)e(mo)s
(di\014cation.)41 b(If)30 b(Readline)h(is)f(b)s(eing)g(used,)g(and)g
(the)g Fs(histreedit)e Ft(shell)i(option)150 3971 y(is)k(enabled,)h(a)g
(failed)g(history)f(expansion)g(will)g(b)s(e)g(reloaded)g(in)m(to)h
(the)g(Readline)f(editing)h(bu\013er)e(for)150 4081 y(correction.)74
b(The)41 b(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(')g(option)g(to)h(the)f Fs(history)f
Ft(builtin)g(command)h(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(used)h(to)g(see)h(what)150
4191 y(a)c(history)g(expansion)f(will)h(do)f(b)s(efore)h(using)f(it.)63
b(The)37 b(`)p Fs(-s)p Ft(')g(option)h(to)h(the)f Fs(history)d
Ft(builtin)i(ma)m(y)150 4300 y(b)s(e)c(used)h(to)g(add)g(commands)f(to)
i(the)f(end)g(of)g(the)g(history)g(list)h(without)f(actually)i
(executing)f(them,)150 4410 y(so)j(that)h(they)f(are)g(a)m(v)-5
b(ailable)40 b(for)e(subsequen)m(t)f(recall.)65 b(This)37
b(is)h(most)g(useful)g(in)f(conjunction)h(with)150 4519
y(Readline.)275 4659 y(The)33 b(shell)h(allo)m(ws)h(con)m(trol)h(of)e
(the)g(v)-5 b(arious)34 b(c)m(haracters)h(used)f(b)m(y)f(the)h(history)
g(expansion)g(mec)m(h-)150 4769 y(anism)h(with)g(the)g
Fs(histchars)d Ft(v)-5 b(ariable,)38 b(as)d(explained)g(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)
i(\(see)f(Section)f(5.2)i([Bash)e(V)-8 b(ariables],)150
4879 y(page)32 b(61\).)44 b(The)31 b(shell)g(uses)g(the)g(history)g
(commen)m(t)i(c)m(haracter)f(to)g(mark)f(history)g(timestamps)h(when)
150 4988 y(writing)e(the)h(history)f(\014le.)150 5193
y Fj(9.3.1)63 b(Ev)m(en)m(t)39 b(Designators)150 5340
y Ft(An)30 b(ev)m(en)m(t)i(designator)f(is)f(a)h(reference)g(to)g(a)g
(command)f(line)h(en)m(try)f(in)g(the)h(history)f(list.)p
eop end
%%Page: 124 130
TeXDict begin 124 129 bop 150 -116 a Ft(124)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fs(!)432 b Ft(Start)34
b(a)f(history)h(substitution,)g(except)g(when)f(follo)m(w)m(ed)i(b)m(y)
e(a)h(space,)h(tab,)f(the)g(end)f(of)630 408 y(the)i(line,)g(`)p
Fs(=)p Ft(')g(or)f(`)p Fs(\()p Ft(')h(\(when)e(the)i
Fs(extglob)d Ft(shell)j(option)f(is)h(enabled)f(using)g(the)g
Fs(shopt)630 518 y Ft(builtin\).)150 680 y Fs(!)p Fi(n)384
b Ft(Refer)30 b(to)i(command)e(line)g Fq(n)p Ft(.)150
841 y Fs(!-)p Fi(n)336 b Ft(Refer)30 b(to)i(the)e(command)g
Fq(n)g Ft(lines)h(bac)m(k.)150 1003 y Fs(!!)384 b Ft(Refer)30
b(to)i(the)e(previous)g(command.)40 b(This)30 b(is)g(a)h(synon)m(ym)f
(for)g(`)p Fs(!-1)p Ft('.)150 1164 y Fs(!)p Fi(string)144
b Ft(Refer)30 b(to)i(the)e(most)h(recen)m(t)g(command)f(starting)i
(with)e Fq(string)8 b Ft(.)150 1326 y Fs(!?)p Fi(string)j
Fs([?])630 1436 y Ft(Refer)33 b(to)h(the)f(most)g(recen)m(t)h(command)f
(con)m(taining)h Fq(string)8 b Ft(.)48 b(The)33 b(trailing)h(`)p
Fs(?)p Ft(')f(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)630 1545 y(omitted)d(if)g(the)f
Fq(string)38 b Ft(is)31 b(follo)m(w)m(ed)h(immediately)g(b)m(y)e(a)h
(newline.)150 1707 y Fs(^)p Fi(string1)11 b Fs(^)p Fi(string2)g
Fs(^)630 1816 y Ft(Quic)m(k)31 b(Substitution.)43 b(Rep)s(eat)31
b(the)g(last)h(command,)g(replacing)f Fq(string1)39 b
Ft(with)31 b Fq(string2)7 b Ft(.)630 1926 y(Equiv)-5
b(alen)m(t)31 b(to)g Fs(!!:s/)p Fi(string1)11 b Fs(/)p
Fi(string2)g Fs(/)p Ft(.)150 2088 y Fs(!#)384 b Ft(The)30
b(en)m(tire)h(command)f(line)h(t)m(yp)s(ed)f(so)h(far.)150
2289 y Fj(9.3.2)63 b(W)-10 b(ord)41 b(Designators)150
2436 y Ft(W)-8 b(ord)27 b(designators)h(are)g(used)e(to)i(select)h
(desired)d(w)m(ords)h(from)f(the)i(ev)m(en)m(t.)41 b(A)27
b(`)p Fs(:)p Ft(')g(separates)h(the)f(ev)m(en)m(t)150
2546 y(sp)s(eci\014cation)38 b(from)e(the)h(w)m(ord)f(designator.)61
b(It)37 b(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(omitted)i(if)e(the)h(w)m(ord)g(designator)g
(b)s(egins)150 2655 y(with)30 b(a)g(`)p Fs(^)p Ft(',)g(`)p
Fs($)p Ft(',)g(`)p Fs(*)p Ft(',)h(`)p Fs(-)p Ft(',)f(or)g(`)p
Fs(\045)p Ft('.)41 b(W)-8 b(ords)30 b(are)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(ered)e(from)i
(the)g(b)s(eginning)f(of)h(the)g(line,)g(with)g(the)150
2765 y(\014rst)f(w)m(ord)f(b)s(eing)h(denoted)h(b)m(y)f(0)h(\(zero\).)
41 b(W)-8 b(ords)30 b(are)g(inserted)f(in)m(to)h(the)g(curren)m(t)f
(line)g(separated)h(b)m(y)150 2874 y(single)h(spaces.)275
3011 y(F)-8 b(or)31 b(example,)150 3174 y Fs(!!)384 b
Ft(designates)37 b(the)f(preceding)g(command.)57 b(When)35
b(y)m(ou)i(t)m(yp)s(e)f(this,)h(the)f(preceding)g(com-)630
3283 y(mand)30 b(is)g(rep)s(eated)g(in)g(toto.)150 3445
y Fs(!!:$)288 b Ft(designates)23 b(the)g(last)g(argumen)m(t)g(of)f(the)
h(preceding)f(command.)38 b(This)22 b(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(shortened)630
3555 y(to)31 b Fs(!$)p Ft(.)150 3716 y Fs(!fi:2)240 b
Ft(designates)30 b(the)g(second)f(argumen)m(t)h(of)f(the)h(most)f
(recen)m(t)i(command)e(starting)h(with)f(the)630 3826
y(letters)j Fs(fi)p Ft(.)275 3988 y(Here)e(are)h(the)g(w)m(ord)f
(designators:)150 4151 y Fs(0)g(\(zero\))114 b Ft(The)30
b Fs(0)p Ft(th)g(w)m(ord.)40 b(F)-8 b(or)31 b(man)m(y)g(applications,)h
(this)e(is)g(the)h(command)f(w)m(ord.)150 4313 y Fi(n)432
b Ft(The)30 b Fq(n)p Ft(th)g(w)m(ord.)150 4474 y Fs(^)432
b Ft(The)30 b(\014rst)f(argumen)m(t;)j(that)f(is,)f(w)m(ord)g(1.)150
4636 y Fs($)432 b Ft(The)30 b(last)h(argumen)m(t.)150
4798 y Fs(\045)432 b Ft(The)30 b(w)m(ord)g(matc)m(hed)h(b)m(y)f(the)h
(most)g(recen)m(t)g(`)p Fs(?)p Fi(string)11 b Fs(?)p
Ft(')28 b(searc)m(h.)150 4959 y Fi(x)11 b Fs(-)p Fi(y)325
b Ft(A)30 b(range)h(of)g(w)m(ords;)f(`)p Fs(-)p Fi(y)11
b Ft(')30 b(abbreviates)h(`)p Fs(0-)p Fi(y)11 b Ft('.)150
5121 y Fs(*)432 b Ft(All)28 b(of)g(the)g(w)m(ords,)g(except)h(the)e
Fs(0)p Ft(th.)40 b(This)27 b(is)g(a)h(synon)m(ym)f(for)h(`)p
Fs(1-$)p Ft('.)39 b(It)28 b(is)g(not)g(an)f(error)630
5230 y(to)j(use)g(`)p Fs(*)p Ft(')f(if)h(there)g(is)g(just)f(one)h(w)m
(ord)f(in)g(the)h(ev)m(en)m(t;)i(the)d(empt)m(y)i(string)e(is)h
(returned)e(in)630 5340 y(that)j(case.)p eop end
%%Page: 125 131
TeXDict begin 125 130 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(9:)41
b(Using)30 b(History)h(In)m(teractiv)m(ely)1925 b(125)150
299 y Fi(x)11 b Fs(*)373 b Ft(Abbreviates)31 b(`)p Fi(x)11
b Fs(-$)p Ft(')150 458 y Fi(x)g Fs(-)373 b Ft(Abbreviates)31
b(`)p Fi(x)11 b Fs(-$)p Ft(')29 b(lik)m(e)j(`)p Fi(x)11
b Fs(*)p Ft(',)30 b(but)g(omits)h(the)f(last)h(w)m(ord.)275
618 y(If)i(a)h(w)m(ord)g(designator)g(is)g(supplied)f(without)h(an)g
(ev)m(en)m(t)h(sp)s(eci\014cation,)h(the)e(previous)f(command)150
727 y(is)d(used)g(as)h(the)f(ev)m(en)m(t.)150 927 y Fj(9.3.3)63
b(Mo)s(di\014ers)150 1073 y Ft(After)29 b(the)g(optional)g(w)m(ord)g
(designator,)g(y)m(ou)g(can)g(add)f(a)h(sequence)g(of)g(one)g(or)f
(more)h(of)g(the)f(follo)m(wing)150 1183 y(mo)s(di\014ers,)h(eac)m(h)j
(preceded)e(b)m(y)g(a)h(`)p Fs(:)p Ft('.)150 1342 y Fs(h)432
b Ft(Remo)m(v)m(e)32 b(a)f(trailing)g(pathname)g(comp)s(onen)m(t,)g
(lea)m(ving)h(only)e(the)h(head.)150 1502 y Fs(t)432
b Ft(Remo)m(v)m(e)32 b(all)f(leading)h(pathname)e(comp)s(onen)m(ts,)h
(lea)m(ving)h(the)e(tail.)150 1661 y Fs(r)432 b Ft(Remo)m(v)m(e)32
b(a)f(trailing)g(su\016x)f(of)g(the)h(form)f(`)p Fs(.)p
Fi(suffix)11 b Ft(',)28 b(lea)m(ving)33 b(the)d(basename.)150
1821 y Fs(e)432 b Ft(Remo)m(v)m(e)32 b(all)f(but)f(the)h(trailing)g
(su\016x.)150 1980 y Fs(p)432 b Ft(Prin)m(t)30 b(the)h(new)f(command)g
(but)g(do)g(not)g(execute)i(it.)150 2139 y Fs(q)432 b
Ft(Quote)31 b(the)f(substituted)g(w)m(ords,)g(escaping)h(further)e
(substitutions.)150 2299 y Fs(x)432 b Ft(Quote)32 b(the)f(substituted)g
(w)m(ords)f(as)i(with)f(`)p Fs(q)p Ft(',)h(but)e(break)h(in)m(to)i(w)m
(ords)d(at)i(spaces,)h(tabs,)630 2408 y(and)d(newlines.)150
2568 y Fs(s/)p Fi(old)11 b Fs(/)p Fi(new)g Fs(/)630 2677
y Ft(Substitute)32 b Fq(new)40 b Ft(for)32 b(the)h(\014rst)f(o)s
(ccurrence)h(of)f Fq(old)37 b Ft(in)32 b(the)h(ev)m(en)m(t)h(line.)48
b(An)m(y)32 b(delimiter)630 2787 y(ma)m(y)25 b(b)s(e)g(used)f(in)g
(place)i(of)f(`)p Fs(/)p Ft('.)39 b(The)24 b(delimiter)h(ma)m(y)h(b)s
(e)e(quoted)h(in)f Fq(old)29 b Ft(and)24 b Fq(new)32
b Ft(with)25 b(a)630 2897 y(single)j(bac)m(kslash.)40
b(If)27 b(`)p Fs(&)p Ft(')g(app)s(ears)g(in)g Fq(new)8
b Ft(,)27 b(it)h(is)f(replaced)h(b)m(y)f Fq(old)t Ft(.)39
b(A)27 b(single)h(bac)m(kslash)630 3006 y(will)35 b(quote)g(the)g(`)p
Fs(&)p Ft('.)54 b(The)34 b(\014nal)g(delimiter)i(is)e(optional)i(if)f
(it)g(is)f(the)h(last)h(c)m(haracter)g(on)630 3116 y(the)31
b(input)e(line.)150 3275 y Fs(&)432 b Ft(Rep)s(eat)31
b(the)f(previous)g(substitution.)150 3435 y Fs(g)150
3544 y(a)432 b Ft(Cause)38 b(c)m(hanges)i(to)f(b)s(e)f(applied)h(o)m(v)
m(er)h(the)f(en)m(tire)g(ev)m(en)m(t)h(line.)66 b(Used)39
b(in)f(conjunction)630 3654 y(with)30 b(`)p Fs(s)p Ft(',)h(as)f(in)h
Fs(gs/)p Fi(old)11 b Fs(/)p Fi(new)g Fs(/)p Ft(,)26 b(or)k(with)h(`)p
Fs(&)p Ft('.)150 3813 y Fs(G)432 b Ft(Apply)30 b(the)g(follo)m(wing)i
(`)p Fs(s)p Ft(')f(mo)s(di\014er)e(once)i(to)g(eac)m(h)h(w)m(ord)e(in)g
(the)g(ev)m(en)m(t.)p eop end
%%Page: 126 132
TeXDict begin 126 131 bop eop end
%%Page: 127 133
TeXDict begin 127 132 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(10:)41
b(Installing)31 b(Bash)2356 b(127)150 299 y Fo(10)80
b(Installing)52 b(Bash)150 556 y Ft(This)31 b(c)m(hapter)h(pro)m(vides)
g(basic)g(instructions)f(for)g(installing)i(Bash)f(on)f(the)h(v)-5
b(arious)31 b(supp)s(orted)f(plat-)150 665 y(forms.)40
b(The)28 b(distribution)h(supp)s(orts)e(the)j Fl(gnu)f
Ft(op)s(erating)h(systems,)f(nearly)h(ev)m(ery)g(v)m(ersion)f(of)h
(Unix,)150 775 y(and)d(sev)m(eral)j(non-Unix)d(systems)h(suc)m(h)g(as)g
(BeOS)g(and)f(In)m(terix.)40 b(Other)28 b(indep)s(enden)m(t)e(p)s(orts)
h(exist)i(for)150 884 y Fl(ms-dos)p Ft(,)h Fl(os/2)p
Ft(,)g(and)g(Windo)m(ws)g(platforms.)150 1128 y Fr(10.1)68
b(Basic)45 b(Installation)150 1288 y Ft(These)30 b(are)h(installation)h
(instructions)e(for)h(Bash.)275 1430 y(The)e(simplest)i(w)m(a)m(y)g(to)
g(compile)h(Bash)e(is:)199 1572 y(1.)61 b Fs(cd)38 b
Ft(to)h(the)f(directory)h(con)m(taining)h(the)f(source)f(co)s(de)h(and)
f(t)m(yp)s(e)g(`)p Fs(./configure)p Ft(')e(to)j(con\014gure)330
1681 y(Bash)c(for)f(y)m(our)h(system.)54 b(If)34 b(y)m(ou're)h(using)f
Fs(csh)g Ft(on)g(an)h(old)g(v)m(ersion)g(of)g(System)f(V,)h(y)m(ou)g
(migh)m(t)330 1791 y(need)21 b(to)g(t)m(yp)s(e)g(`)p
Fs(sh)30 b(./configure)p Ft(')18 b(instead)j(to)g(prev)m(en)m(t)h
Fs(csh)e Ft(from)g(trying)h(to)g(execute)h Fs(configure)330
1901 y Ft(itself.)330 2039 y(Running)30 b Fs(configure)f
Ft(tak)m(es)k(some)e(time.)45 b(While)32 b(running,)e(it)i(prin)m(ts)f
(messages)h(telling)h(whic)m(h)330 2149 y(features)e(it)g(is)f(c)m(hec)
m(king)i(for.)199 2287 y(2.)61 b(T)m(yp)s(e)30 b(`)p
Fs(make)p Ft(')g(to)h(compile)g(Bash)g(and)e(build)h(the)g
Fs(bashbug)f Ft(bug)g(rep)s(orting)h(script.)199 2425
y(3.)61 b(Optionally)-8 b(,)32 b(t)m(yp)s(e)e(`)p Fs(make)g(tests)p
Ft(')f(to)i(run)e(the)h(Bash)h(test)g(suite.)199 2563
y(4.)61 b(T)m(yp)s(e)36 b(`)p Fs(make)29 b(install)p
Ft(')35 b(to)i(install)h Fs(bash)d Ft(and)h Fs(bashbug)p
Ft(.)57 b(This)35 b(will)i(also)h(install)f(the)g(man)m(ual)330
2673 y(pages)31 b(and)f(Info)g(\014le.)275 2844 y(The)20
b Fs(configure)f Ft(shell)i(script)g(attempts)h(to)g(guess)f(correct)i
(v)-5 b(alues)21 b(for)g(v)-5 b(arious)21 b(system-dep)s(enden)m(t)150
2953 y(v)-5 b(ariables)44 b(used)f(during)g(compilation.)82
b(It)43 b(uses)h(those)g(v)-5 b(alues)44 b(to)g(create)h(a)g(`)p
Fs(Makefile)p Ft(')c(in)j(eac)m(h)150 3063 y(directory)25
b(of)g(the)g(pac)m(k)-5 b(age)27 b(\(the)e(top)g(directory)-8
b(,)27 b(the)e(`)p Fs(builtins)p Ft(',)f(`)p Fs(doc)p
Ft(',)i(and)e(`)p Fs(support)p Ft(')g(directories,)150
3172 y(eac)m(h)32 b(directory)f(under)d(`)p Fs(lib)p
Ft(',)j(and)f(sev)m(eral)h(others\).)42 b(It)30 b(also)i(creates)f(a)g
(`)p Fs(config.h)p Ft(')e(\014le)h(con)m(taining)150
3282 y(system-dep)s(enden)m(t)h(de\014nitions.)44 b(Finally)-8
b(,)34 b(it)e(creates)h(a)f(shell)g(script)f(named)g
Fs(config.status)d Ft(that)150 3392 y(y)m(ou)k(can)g(run)e(in)h(the)g
(future)g(to)h(recreate)h(the)f(curren)m(t)f(con\014guration,)h(a)g
(\014le)g(`)p Fs(config.cache)p Ft(')c(that)150 3501
y(sa)m(v)m(es)35 b(the)f(results)f(of)h(its)g(tests)h(to)f(sp)s(eed)f
(up)g(recon\014guring,)h(and)f(a)h(\014le)g(`)p Fs(config.log)p
Ft(')d(con)m(taining)150 3611 y(compiler)25 b(output)g(\(useful)f
(mainly)h(for)g(debugging)f Fs(configure)p Ft(\).)37
b(If)24 b(at)i(some)f(p)s(oin)m(t)g(`)p Fs(config.cache)p
Ft(')150 3720 y(con)m(tains)32 b(results)e(y)m(ou)g(don't)h(w)m(an)m(t)
g(to)g(k)m(eep,)g(y)m(ou)g(ma)m(y)g(remo)m(v)m(e)h(or)e(edit)h(it.)275
3862 y(T)-8 b(o)37 b(\014nd)f(out)i(more)f(ab)s(out)h(the)f(options)h
(and)f(argumen)m(ts)g(that)h(the)g Fs(configure)d Ft(script)i(under-)
150 3972 y(stands,)30 b(t)m(yp)s(e)390 4114 y Fs(bash-2.04$)45
b(./configure)g(--help)150 4256 y Ft(at)31 b(the)g(Bash)f(prompt)g(in)g
(y)m(our)g(Bash)h(source)f(directory)-8 b(.)275 4398
y(If)53 b(y)m(ou)h(need)f(to)i(do)e(un)m(usual)g(things)g(to)i(compile)
g(Bash,)k(please)c(try)e(to)i(\014gure)e(out)h(ho)m(w)150
4508 y Fs(configure)47 b Ft(could)j(c)m(hec)m(k)h(whether)e(or)g(not)h
(to)h(do)e(them,)55 b(and)49 b(mail)h(di\013s)f(or)h(instructions)f(to)
150 4617 y Fs(bash-maintainers@gnu.org)24 b Ft(so)30
b(they)h(can)g(b)s(e)e(considered)i(for)f(the)g(next)h(release.)275
4760 y(The)24 b(\014le)i(`)p Fs(configure.in)p Ft(')c(is)k(used)e(to)j
(create)g Fs(configure)22 b Ft(b)m(y)k(a)g(program)f(called)h(Auto)s
(conf.)39 b(Y)-8 b(ou)150 4869 y(only)31 b(need)f(`)p
Fs(configure.in)p Ft(')d(if)k(y)m(ou)f(w)m(an)m(t)i(to)f(c)m(hange)g
(it)g(or)f(regenerate)i Fs(configure)c Ft(using)i(a)h(new)m(er)150
4979 y(v)m(ersion)25 b(of)f(Auto)s(conf.)39 b(If)24 b(y)m(ou)h(do)f
(this,)i(mak)m(e)f(sure)f(y)m(ou)h(are)f(using)g(Auto)s(conf)h(v)m
(ersion)f(2.50)i(or)f(new)m(er.)275 5121 y(Y)-8 b(ou)29
b(can)f(remo)m(v)m(e)i(the)f(program)g(binaries)f(and)g(ob)5
b(ject)29 b(\014les)g(from)f(the)h(source)f(co)s(de)h(directory)g(b)m
(y)150 5230 y(t)m(yping)j(`)p Fs(make)d(clean)p Ft('.)42
b(T)-8 b(o)32 b(also)g(remo)m(v)m(e)g(the)g(\014les)f(that)g
Fs(configure)e Ft(created)j(\(so)g(y)m(ou)g(can)f(compile)150
5340 y(Bash)g(for)f(a)g(di\013eren)m(t)h(kind)f(of)g(computer\),)h(t)m
(yp)s(e)g(`)p Fs(make)e(distclean)p Ft('.)p eop end
%%Page: 128 134
TeXDict begin 128 133 bop 150 -116 a Ft(128)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fr(10.2)68 b(Compilers)46
b(and)f(Options)150 458 y Ft(Some)28 b(systems)h(require)f(un)m(usual)f
(options)i(for)f(compilation)i(or)f(linking)f(that)h(the)g
Fs(configure)d Ft(script)150 568 y(do)s(es)32 b(not)g(kno)m(w)g(ab)s
(out.)44 b(Y)-8 b(ou)33 b(can)f(giv)m(e)h Fs(configure)d
Ft(initial)j(v)-5 b(alues)32 b(for)g(v)-5 b(ariables)32
b(b)m(y)g(setting)h(them)150 677 y(in)k(the)g(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)62
b(Using)38 b(a)f(Bourne-compatible)i(shell,)g(y)m(ou)f(can)g(do)f(that)
h(on)f(the)g(command)150 787 y(line)31 b(lik)m(e)g(this:)390
920 y Fs(CC=c89)46 b(CFLAGS=-O2)f(LIBS=-lposix)g(./configure)275
1053 y Ft(On)29 b(systems)h(that)h(ha)m(v)m(e)h(the)f
Fs(env)e Ft(program,)h(y)m(ou)h(can)g(do)f(it)h(lik)m(e)h(this:)390
1186 y Fs(env)47 b(CPPFLAGS=-I/usr/local/in)o(clud)o(e)42
b(LDFLAGS=-s)j(./configure)275 1318 y Ft(The)29 b(con\014guration)i
(pro)s(cess)f(uses)g(GCC)g(to)h(build)e(Bash)i(if)f(it)h(is)g(a)m(v)-5
b(ailable.)150 1548 y Fr(10.3)68 b(Compiling)46 b(F)-11
b(or)45 b(Multiple)g(Arc)l(hitectures)150 1707 y Ft(Y)-8
b(ou)27 b(can)g(compile)g(Bash)g(for)f(more)h(than)f(one)h(kind)f(of)g
(computer)h(at)g(the)g(same)g(time,)h(b)m(y)e(placing)i(the)150
1817 y(ob)5 b(ject)31 b(\014les)f(for)g(eac)m(h)i(arc)m(hitecture)f(in)
f(their)g(o)m(wn)h(directory)-8 b(.)41 b(T)-8 b(o)31
b(do)f(this,)g(y)m(ou)h(m)m(ust)f(use)g(a)g(v)m(ersion)150
1926 y(of)25 b Fs(make)f Ft(that)h(supp)s(orts)f(the)h
Fs(VPATH)e Ft(v)-5 b(ariable,)27 b(suc)m(h)e(as)g(GNU)h
Fs(make)p Ft(.)37 b Fs(cd)25 b Ft(to)h(the)f(directory)g(where)g(y)m
(ou)150 2036 y(w)m(an)m(t)34 b(the)f(ob)5 b(ject)34 b(\014les)f(and)f
(executables)i(to)g(go)g(and)e(run)g(the)h Fs(configure)d
Ft(script)j(from)g(the)g(source)150 2145 y(directory)-8
b(.)41 b(Y)-8 b(ou)27 b(ma)m(y)h(need)f(to)g(supply)f(the)h(`)p
Fs(--srcdir=PATH)p Ft(')d(argumen)m(t)k(to)g(tell)g Fs(configure)c
Ft(where)150 2255 y(the)36 b(source)g(\014les)f(are.)57
b Fs(configure)33 b Ft(automatically)39 b(c)m(hec)m(ks)e(for)e(the)h
(source)g(co)s(de)f(in)h(the)f(directory)150 2364 y(that)c
Fs(configure)d Ft(is)i(in)g(and)g(in)g(`..'.)275 2497
y(If)20 b(y)m(ou)h(ha)m(v)m(e)i(to)e(use)g(a)g Fs(make)f
Ft(that)i(do)s(es)e(not)i(supp)s(orts)d(the)i Fs(VPATH)e
Ft(v)-5 b(ariable,)24 b(y)m(ou)e(can)f(compile)h(Bash)150
2607 y(for)33 b(one)h(arc)m(hitecture)h(at)f(a)g(time)g(in)f(the)h
(source)g(co)s(de)f(directory)-8 b(.)51 b(After)34 b(y)m(ou)g(ha)m(v)m
(e)h(installed)f(Bash)150 2716 y(for)c(one)h(arc)m(hitecture,)h(use)e
(`)p Fs(make)g(distclean)p Ft(')e(b)s(efore)i(recon\014guring)g(for)g
(another)g(arc)m(hitecture.)275 2849 y(Alternativ)m(ely)-8
b(,)26 b(if)21 b(y)m(our)h(system)g(supp)s(orts)d(sym)m(b)s(olic)j
(links,)i(y)m(ou)e(can)g(use)f(the)h(`)p Fs(support/mkclone)p
Ft(')150 2959 y(script)h(to)h(create)g(a)f(build)f(tree)i(whic)m(h)f
(has)f(sym)m(b)s(olic)i(links)e(bac)m(k)i(to)g(eac)m(h)g(\014le)f(in)g
(the)g(source)g(directory)-8 b(.)150 3068 y(Here's)41
b(an)f(example)i(that)f(creates)h(a)e(build)g(directory)h(in)f(the)h
(curren)m(t)f(directory)h(from)f(a)h(source)150 3178
y(directory)31 b(`)p Fs(/usr/gnu/src/bash-2.0)p Ft(':)390
3311 y Fs(bash)47 b(/usr/gnu/src/bash-2.0/s)o(uppo)o(rt/)o(mkcl)o(one)
41 b(-s)47 b(/usr/gnu/src/bash-2.0)42 b(.)150 3444 y
Ft(The)c Fs(mkclone)e Ft(script)i(requires)g(Bash,)i(so)f(y)m(ou)f(m)m
(ust)h(ha)m(v)m(e)g(already)g(built)f(Bash)g(for)g(at)h(least)h(one)150
3553 y(arc)m(hitecture)32 b(b)s(efore)e(y)m(ou)h(can)f(create)i(build)e
(directories)h(for)f(other)h(arc)m(hitectures.)150 3782
y Fr(10.4)68 b(Installation)47 b(Names)150 3942 y Ft(By)27
b(default,)h(`)p Fs(make)i(install)p Ft(')25 b(will)j(install)g(in)m
(to)g(`)p Fs(/usr/local/bin)p Ft(',)c(`)p Fs(/usr/local/man)p
Ft(',)h(etc.)40 b(Y)-8 b(ou)150 4051 y(can)31 b(sp)s(ecify)f(an)h
(installation)h(pre\014x)d(other)i(than)g(`)p Fs(/usr/local)p
Ft(')d(b)m(y)i(giving)i Fs(configure)c Ft(the)i(option)150
4161 y(`)p Fs(--prefix=)p Fi(PATH)11 b Ft(',)35 b(or)h(b)m(y)g(sp)s
(ecifying)g(a)h(v)-5 b(alue)37 b(for)f(the)h Fs(DESTDIR)d
Ft(`)p Fs(make)p Ft(')i(v)-5 b(ariable)37 b(when)f(running)150
4271 y(`)p Fs(make)29 b(install)p Ft('.)275 4403 y(Y)-8
b(ou)71 b(can)h(sp)s(ecify)f(separate)h(installation)h(pre\014xes)d
(for)h(arc)m(hitecture-sp)s(eci\014c)i(\014les)f(and)150
4513 y(arc)m(hitecture-indep)s(enden)m(t)38 b(\014les.)62
b(If)37 b(y)m(ou)h(giv)m(e)g Fs(configure)d Ft(the)j(option)g(`)p
Fs(--exec-prefix=)p Fi(PATH)11 b Ft(',)150 4623 y(`)p
Fs(make)29 b(install)p Ft(')63 b(will)h(use)f Fq(P)-8
b(A)g(TH)75 b Ft(as)64 b(the)g(pre\014x)e(for)i(installing)h(programs)e
(and)h(libraries.)150 4732 y(Do)s(cumen)m(tation)32 b(and)e(other)h
(data)g(\014les)f(will)h(still)g(use)f(the)h(regular)f(pre\014x.)150
4961 y Fr(10.5)68 b(Sp)t(ecifying)45 b(the)g(System)h(T)l(yp)t(e)150
5121 y Ft(There)f(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(some)i(features)f
Fs(configure)e Ft(can)i(not)g(\014gure)g(out)g(automatically)-8
b(,)52 b(but)44 b(need)h(to)150 5230 y(determine)36 b(b)m(y)g(the)h(t)m
(yp)s(e)f(of)g(host)h(Bash)f(will)h(run)d(on.)58 b(Usually)37
b Fs(configure)d Ft(can)i(\014gure)g(that)g(out,)150
5340 y(but)c(if)h(it)g(prin)m(ts)g(a)g(message)h(sa)m(ying)g(it)f(can)h
(not)f(guess)g(the)g(host)g(t)m(yp)s(e,)h(giv)m(e)g(it)f(the)h(`)p
Fs(--host=TYPE)p Ft(')p eop end
%%Page: 129 135
TeXDict begin 129 134 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(10:)41
b(Installing)31 b(Bash)2356 b(129)150 299 y(option.)39
b(`)p Fs(TYPE)p Ft(')25 b(can)g(either)g(b)s(e)g(a)g(short)g(name)g
(for)g(the)g(system)g(t)m(yp)s(e,)h(suc)m(h)f(as)g(`)p
Fs(sun4)p Ft(',)h(or)f(a)g(canonical)150 408 y(name)30
b(with)g(three)h(\014elds:)40 b(`)p Fs(CPU-COMPANY-SYSTEM)p
Ft(')26 b(\(e.g.,)32 b(`)p Fs(i386-unknown-freebsd4.2)p
Ft('\).)275 539 y(See)e(the)h(\014le)f(`)p Fs(support/config.sub)p
Ft(')c(for)k(the)h(p)s(ossible)f(v)-5 b(alues)30 b(of)h(eac)m(h)g
(\014eld.)150 764 y Fr(10.6)68 b(Sharing)45 b(Defaults)150
924 y Ft(If)d(y)m(ou)i(w)m(an)m(t)g(to)f(set)h(default)f(v)-5
b(alues)43 b(for)g Fs(configure)d Ft(scripts)j(to)h(share,)i(y)m(ou)d
(can)g(create)i(a)e(site)150 1033 y(shell)48 b(script)f(called)i
Fs(config.site)44 b Ft(that)k(giv)m(es)h(default)f(v)-5
b(alues)48 b(for)f(v)-5 b(ariables)48 b(lik)m(e)h Fs(CC)p
Ft(,)j Fs(cache_)150 1143 y(file)p Ft(,)43 b(and)e Fs(prefix)p
Ft(.)73 b Fs(configure)39 b Ft(lo)s(oks)j(for)f(`)p Fs
(PREFIX/share/config.site)p Ft(')35 b(if)42 b(it)g(exists,)j(then)150
1252 y(`)p Fs(PREFIX/etc/config.site)p Ft(')20 b(if)26
b(it)g(exists.)40 b(Or,)26 b(y)m(ou)g(can)g(set)g(the)g
Fs(CONFIG_SITE)c Ft(en)m(vironmen)m(t)k(v)-5 b(ari-)150
1362 y(able)40 b(to)g(the)g(lo)s(cation)h(of)e(the)h(site)g(script.)67
b(A)40 b(w)m(arning:)58 b(the)40 b(Bash)g Fs(configure)c
Ft(lo)s(oks)k(for)f(a)h(site)150 1472 y(script,)31 b(but)e(not)i(all)g
Fs(configure)d Ft(scripts)i(do.)150 1697 y Fr(10.7)68
b(Op)t(eration)46 b(Con)l(trols)150 1856 y Fs(configure)28
b Ft(recognizes)k(the)e(follo)m(wing)i(options)f(to)g(con)m(trol)h(ho)m
(w)e(it)h(op)s(erates.)150 2008 y Fs(--cache-file=)p
Fi(file)630 2117 y Ft(Use)k(and)g(sa)m(v)m(e)h(the)f(results)g(of)g
(the)h(tests)f(in)g Fq(\014le)40 b Ft(instead)35 b(of)h(`)p
Fs(./config.cache)p Ft('.)51 b(Set)630 2227 y Fq(\014le)36
b Ft(to)31 b(`)p Fs(/dev/null)p Ft(')d(to)j(disable)g(cac)m(hing,)h
(for)e(debugging)g Fs(configure)p Ft(.)150 2379 y Fs(--help)192
b Ft(Prin)m(t)30 b(a)h(summary)e(of)i(the)f(options)h(to)g
Fs(configure)p Ft(,)d(and)i(exit.)150 2531 y Fs(--quiet)150
2641 y(--silent)150 2750 y(-q)384 b Ft(Do)31 b(not)g(prin)m(t)f
(messages)h(sa)m(ying)g(whic)m(h)g(c)m(hec)m(ks)g(are)g(b)s(eing)f
(made.)150 2902 y Fs(--srcdir=)p Fi(dir)630 3012 y Ft(Lo)s(ok)i(for)f
(the)h(Bash)g(source)f(co)s(de)h(in)f(directory)h Fq(dir)7
b Ft(.)44 b(Usually)32 b Fs(configure)d Ft(can)i(deter-)630
3121 y(mine)f(that)h(directory)g(automatically)-8 b(.)150
3273 y Fs(--version)630 3383 y Ft(Prin)m(t)29 b(the)h(v)m(ersion)g(of)g
(Auto)s(conf)f(used)g(to)h(generate)h(the)f Fs(configure)d
Ft(script,)j(and)f(exit.)275 3535 y Fs(configure)34 b
Ft(also)k(accepts)g(some)g(other,)h(not)e(widely)g(used,)h(b)s
(oilerplate)g(options.)61 b(`)p Fs(configure)150 3644
y(--help)p Ft(')29 b(prin)m(ts)h(the)g(complete)i(list.)150
3869 y Fr(10.8)68 b(Optional)46 b(F)-11 b(eatures)150
4029 y Ft(The)24 b(Bash)g Fs(configure)e Ft(has)h(a)i(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e
(of)h(`)p Fs(--enable-)p Fi(feature)11 b Ft(')20 b(options,)26
b(where)d Fq(feature)30 b Ft(indicates)150 4138 y(an)f(optional)i(part)
e(of)g(Bash.)41 b(There)28 b(are)i(also)g(sev)m(eral)h(`)p
Fs(--with-)p Fi(package)11 b Ft(')25 b(options,)30 b(where)f
Fq(pac)m(k)-5 b(age)150 4248 y Ft(is)32 b(something)h(lik)m(e)h(`)p
Fs(bash-malloc)p Ft(')c(or)i(`)p Fs(purify)p Ft('.)45
b(T)-8 b(o)33 b(turn)e(o\013)i(the)f(default)h(use)f(of)g(a)h(pac)m(k)
-5 b(age,)35 b(use)150 4357 y(`)p Fs(--without-)p Fi(package)11
b Ft('.)36 b(T)-8 b(o)29 b(con\014gure)g(Bash)h(without)f(a)g(feature)h
(that)g(is)f(enabled)g(b)m(y)g(default,)h(use)150 4467
y(`)p Fs(--disable-)p Fi(feature)11 b Ft('.)275 4598
y(Here)21 b(is)g(a)g(complete)h(list)g(of)f(the)g(`)p
Fs(--enable-)p Ft(')e(and)h(`)p Fs(--with-)p Ft(')g(options)h(that)g
(the)g(Bash)g Fs(configure)150 4707 y Ft(recognizes.)150
4859 y Fs(--with-afs)630 4969 y Ft(De\014ne)31 b(if)f(y)m(ou)h(are)f
(using)g(the)h(Andrew)e(File)j(System)e(from)g(T)-8 b(ransarc.)150
5121 y Fs(--with-bash-malloc)630 5230 y Ft(Use)31 b(the)g(Bash)f(v)m
(ersion)i(of)e Fs(malloc)f Ft(in)h(the)h(directory)g(`)p
Fs(lib/malloc)p Ft('.)39 b(This)30 b(is)h(not)g(the)630
5340 y(same)h Fs(malloc)e Ft(that)j(app)s(ears)e(in)g
Fl(gnu)h Ft(lib)s(c,)g(but)f(an)h(older)f(v)m(ersion)i(originally)g
(deriv)m(ed)p eop end
%%Page: 130 136
TeXDict begin 130 135 bop 150 -116 a Ft(130)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)630 299 y(from)h(the)h(4.2)g
Fl(bsd)f Fs(malloc)p Ft(.)45 b(This)31 b Fs(malloc)g
Ft(is)i(v)m(ery)f(fast,)i(but)e(w)m(astes)h(some)g(space)g(on)630
408 y(eac)m(h)g(allo)s(cation.)48 b(This)31 b(option)i(is)f(enabled)g
(b)m(y)g(default.)46 b(The)31 b(`)p Fs(NOTES)p Ft(')g(\014le)h(con)m
(tains)i(a)630 518 y(list)29 b(of)f(systems)f(for)h(whic)m(h)g(this)g
(should)e(b)s(e)i(turned)e(o\013,)j(and)f Fs(configure)d
Ft(disables)j(this)630 628 y(option)j(automatically)i(for)d(a)h(n)m(um)
m(b)s(er)e(of)i(systems.)150 798 y Fs(--with-curses)630
907 y Ft(Use)h(the)h(curses)e(library)h(instead)g(of)h(the)f(termcap)g
(library)-8 b(.)46 b(This)32 b(should)f(b)s(e)g(supplied)630
1017 y(if)f(y)m(our)h(system)f(has)g(an)h(inadequate)g(or)f(incomplete)
i(termcap)e(database.)150 1187 y Fs(--with-gnu-malloc)630
1297 y Ft(A)g(synon)m(ym)g(for)g Fs(--with-bash-malloc)p
Ft(.)150 1467 y Fs(--with-installed-readlin)o(e[=)p Fi(P)o(REFI)o(X)11
b Fs(])630 1576 y Ft(De\014ne)26 b(this)f(to)h(mak)m(e)h(Bash)f(link)f
(with)g(a)h(lo)s(cally-installed)i(v)m(ersion)e(of)g(Readline)g(rather)
630 1686 y(than)38 b(the)h(v)m(ersion)g(in)g(`)p Fs(lib/readline)p
Ft('.)62 b(This)38 b(w)m(orks)h(only)f(with)h(Readline)g(5.0)h(and)630
1796 y(later)29 b(v)m(ersions.)40 b(If)28 b Fq(PREFIX)37
b Ft(is)28 b Fs(yes)f Ft(or)h(not)g(supplied,)f Fs(configure)f
Ft(uses)h(the)h(v)-5 b(alues)29 b(of)630 1905 y(the)c(mak)m(e)g(v)-5
b(ariables)25 b Fs(includedir)d Ft(and)h Fs(libdir)p
Ft(,)h(whic)m(h)h(are)f(sub)s(directories)g(of)h Fs(prefix)630
2015 y Ft(b)m(y)32 b(default,)g(to)h(\014nd)d(the)i(installed)h(v)m
(ersion)f(of)g(Readline)h(if)f(it)g(is)g(not)g(in)g(the)g(standard)630
2124 y(system)j(include)f(and)g(library)g(directories.)54
b(If)34 b Fq(PREFIX)43 b Ft(is)35 b Fs(no)p Ft(,)g(Bash)f(links)h(with)
f(the)630 2234 y(v)m(ersion)k(in)f(`)p Fs(lib/readline)p
Ft('.)58 b(If)37 b Fq(PREFIX)46 b Ft(is)38 b(set)g(to)g(an)m(y)f(other)
h(v)-5 b(alue,)39 b Fs(configure)630 2344 y Ft(treats)27
b(it)g(as)f(a)h(directory)g(pathname)f(and)f(lo)s(oks)i(for)f(the)g
(installed)h(v)m(ersion)g(of)f(Readline)630 2453 y(in)34
b(sub)s(directories)f(of)h(that)h(directory)g(\(include)f(\014les)g(in)
g Fq(PREFIX)9 b Ft(/)p Fs(include)32 b Ft(and)i(the)630
2563 y(library)c(in)g Fq(PREFIX)9 b Ft(/)p Fs(lib)p Ft(\).)150
2733 y Fs(--with-purify)630 2843 y Ft(De\014ne)23 b(this)g(to)h(use)f
(the)g(Purify)f(memory)h(allo)s(cation)i(c)m(hec)m(k)m(er)g(from)e
(Rational)i(Soft)m(w)m(are.)150 3013 y Fs(--enable-minimal-config)630
3122 y Ft(This)e(pro)s(duces)f(a)i(shell)g(with)f(minimal)h(features,)h
(close)g(to)f(the)g(historical)h(Bourne)e(shell.)275
3298 y(There)g(are)i(sev)m(eral)g(`)p Fs(--enable-)p
Ft(')d(options)j(that)f(alter)h(ho)m(w)g(Bash)f(is)g(compiled)h(and)e
(link)m(ed,)j(rather)150 3407 y(than)k(c)m(hanging)h(run-time)f
(features.)150 3583 y Fs(--enable-largefile)630 3693
y Ft(Enable)76 b(supp)s(ort)f(for)h(large)h(\014les)f(\()p
Fs(http://www.sas.com/standar)o(ds/l)o(arge)o(_)630 3802
y(file/x_open.20Mar96.html)o Ft(\))23 b(if)28 b(the)g(op)s(erating)h
(system)f(requires)g(sp)s(ecial)g(compiler)630 3912 y(options)45
b(to)g(build)e(programs)h(whic)m(h)g(can)g(access)i(large)f(\014les.)82
b(This)44 b(is)g(enabled)g(b)m(y)630 4021 y(default,)31
b(if)f(the)h(op)s(erating)g(system)f(pro)m(vides)g(large)i(\014le)e
(supp)s(ort.)150 4191 y Fs(--enable-profiling)630 4301
y Ft(This)h(builds)f(a)i(Bash)g(binary)f(that)h(pro)s(duces)e
(pro\014ling)h(information)h(to)h(b)s(e)d(pro)s(cessed)630
4411 y(b)m(y)g Fs(gprof)f Ft(eac)m(h)j(time)f(it)g(is)f(executed.)150
4581 y Fs(--enable-static-link)630 4690 y Ft(This)37
b(causes)h(Bash)f(to)h(b)s(e)f(link)m(ed)h(statically)-8
b(,)43 b(if)37 b Fs(gcc)g Ft(is)g(b)s(eing)g(used.)61
b(This)37 b(could)h(b)s(e)630 4800 y(used)30 b(to)h(build)e(a)i(v)m
(ersion)g(to)g(use)f(as)g(ro)s(ot's)h(shell.)275 4976
y(The)f(`)p Fs(minimal-config)p Ft(')d(option)k(can)g(b)s(e)f(used)f
(to)j(disable)e(all)i(of)f(the)f(follo)m(wing)i(options,)g(but)d(it)150
5085 y(is)h(pro)s(cessed)g(\014rst,)g(so)h(individual)f(options)g(ma)m
(y)h(b)s(e)f(enabled)g(using)g(`)p Fs(enable-)p Fi(feature)11
b Ft('.)275 5230 y(All)37 b(of)g(the)f(follo)m(wing)i(options)f(except)
h(for)e(`)p Fs(disabled-builtins)p Ft(')d(and)j(`)p Fs
(xpg-echo-default)p Ft(')150 5340 y(are)26 b(enabled)g(b)m(y)g
(default,)h(unless)f(the)g(op)s(erating)g(system)g(do)s(es)g(not)g(pro)
m(vide)g(the)g(necessary)g(supp)s(ort.)p eop end
%%Page: 131 137
TeXDict begin 131 136 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(10:)41
b(Installing)31 b(Bash)2356 b(131)150 299 y Fs(--enable-alias)630
408 y Ft(Allo)m(w)41 b(alias)g(expansion)f(and)f(include)g(the)h
Fs(alias)f Ft(and)g Fs(unalias)e Ft(builtins)j(\(see)g(Sec-)630
518 y(tion)31 b(6.6)g([Aliases],)i(page)e(79\).)150 692
y Fs(--enable-arith-for-comma)o(nd)630 801 y Ft(Include)21
b(supp)s(ort)g(for)g(the)i(alternate)g(form)f(of)g(the)g
Fs(for)f Ft(command)h(that)h(b)s(eha)m(v)m(es)f(lik)m(e)i(the)630
911 y(C)30 b(language)i Fs(for)d Ft(statemen)m(t)j(\(see)g(Section)f
(3.2.4.1)i([Lo)s(oping)d(Constructs],)h(page)g(9\).)150
1084 y Fs(--enable-array-variables)630 1194 y Ft(Include)h(supp)s(ort)g
(for)h(one-dimensional)h(arra)m(y)f(shell)h(v)-5 b(ariables)33
b(\(see)h(Section)g(6.7)h([Ar-)630 1303 y(ra)m(ys],)c(page)g(80\).)150
1477 y Fs(--enable-bang-history)630 1587 y Ft(Include)36
b(supp)s(ort)f(for)h Fs(csh)p Ft(-lik)m(e)h(history)g(substitution)f
(\(see)h(Section)g(9.3)h([History)f(In-)630 1696 y(teraction],)c(page)e
(123\).)150 1870 y Fs(--enable-brace-expansion)630 1979
y Ft(Include)40 b Fs(csh)p Ft(-lik)m(e)h(brace)f(expansion)g(\()h
Fs(b{a,b}c)d Fp(7!)i Fs(bac)30 b(bbc)39 b Ft(\).)71 b(See)40
b(Section)h(3.5.1)630 2089 y([Brace)32 b(Expansion],)e(page)h(18,)h
(for)e(a)g(complete)i(description.)150 2262 y Fs
(--enable-casemod-attribu)o(tes)630 2372 y Ft(Include)37
b(supp)s(ort)g(for)g(case-mo)s(difying)i(attributes)g(in)e(the)h
Fs(declare)e Ft(builtin)i(and)f(as-)630 2482 y(signmen)m(t)29
b(statemen)m(ts.)41 b(V)-8 b(ariables)30 b(with)e(the)g
Fq(upp)s(ercase)k Ft(attribute,)e(for)e(example,)i(will)630
2591 y(ha)m(v)m(e)i(their)e(v)-5 b(alues)31 b(con)m(v)m(erted)h(to)f
(upp)s(ercase)e(up)s(on)g(assignmen)m(t.)150 2765 y Fs
(--enable-casemod-expansi)o(on)630 2874 y Ft(Include)h(supp)s(ort)e
(for)i(case-mo)s(difying)i(w)m(ord)e(expansions.)150
3048 y Fs(--enable-command-timing)630 3157 y Ft(Include)43
b(supp)s(ort)f(for)h(recognizing)i Fs(time)e Ft(as)g(a)h(reserv)m(ed)g
(w)m(ord)f(and)g(for)h(displa)m(ying)630 3267 y(timing)37
b(statistics)h(for)e(the)g(pip)s(eline)g(follo)m(wing)i
Fs(time)d Ft(\(see)i(Section)g(3.2.2)h([Pip)s(elines],)630
3377 y(page)24 b(8\).)39 b(This)23 b(allo)m(ws)h(pip)s(elines)f(as)h(w)
m(ell)g(as)g(shell)f(builtins)g(and)g(functions)g(to)h(b)s(e)e(timed.)
150 3550 y Fs(--enable-cond-command)630 3660 y Ft(Include)33
b(supp)s(ort)f(for)i(the)g Fs([[)f Ft(conditional)i(command.)51
b(\(see)34 b(Section)h(3.2.4.2)h([Condi-)630 3769 y(tional)c
(Constructs],)e(page)h(10\).)150 3943 y Fs(--enable-cond-regexp)630
4052 y Ft(Include)f(supp)s(ort)f(for)i(matc)m(hing)h(POSIX)d(regular)i
(expressions)g(using)f(the)h(`)p Fs(=~)p Ft(')g(binary)630
4162 y(op)s(erator)25 b(in)f(the)h Fs([[)f Ft(conditional)h(command.)39
b(\(see)25 b(Section)h(3.2.4.2)h([Conditional)e(Con-)630
4271 y(structs],)31 b(page)g(10\).)150 4445 y Fs(--enable-coprocesses)
630 4555 y Ft(Include)23 b(supp)s(ort)f(for)i(copro)s(cesses)g(and)f
(the)h Fs(coproc)e Ft(reserv)m(ed)i(w)m(ord)g(\(see)h(Section)f(3.2.2)
630 4664 y([Pip)s(elines],)31 b(page)g(8\).)150 4838
y Fs(--enable-debugger)630 4947 y Ft(Include)f(supp)s(ort)e(for)i(the)h
(bash)f(debugger)g(\(distributed)g(separately\).)150
5121 y Fs(--enable-directory-stack)630 5230 y Ft(Include)j(supp)s(ort)g
(for)h(a)g Fs(csh)p Ft(-lik)m(e)h(directory)f(stac)m(k)i(and)d(the)i
Fs(pushd)p Ft(,)f Fs(popd)p Ft(,)g(and)f Fs(dirs)630
5340 y Ft(builtins)d(\(see)h(Section)g(6.8)h([The)e(Directory)i(Stac)m
(k],)g(page)f(81\).)p eop end
%%Page: 132 138
TeXDict begin 132 137 bop 150 -116 a Ft(132)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fs(--enable-disabled-builti)o(ns)630
408 y Ft(Allo)m(w)40 b(builtin)e(commands)g(to)h(b)s(e)f(in)m(v)m(ok)m
(ed)i(via)f(`)p Fs(builtin)29 b(xxx)p Ft(')37 b(ev)m(en)j(after)f
Fs(xxx)e Ft(has)630 518 y(b)s(een)31 b(disabled)g(using)g(`)p
Fs(enable)d(-n)i(xxx)p Ft('.)43 b(See)32 b(Section)g(4.2)h([Bash)e
(Builtins],)i(page)f(41,)630 628 y(for)e(details)i(of)e(the)h
Fs(builtin)d Ft(and)i Fs(enable)e Ft(builtin)i(commands.)150
783 y Fs(--enable-dparen-arithmet)o(ic)630 892 y Ft(Include)42
b(supp)s(ort)f(for)h(the)h Fs(\(\(...)o(\)\))f Ft(command)g(\(see)i
(Section)f(3.2.4.2)i([Conditional)630 1002 y(Constructs],)30
b(page)h(10\).)150 1157 y Fs(--enable-extended-glob)630
1267 y Ft(Include)40 b(supp)s(ort)e(for)i(the)h(extended)f(pattern)h
(matc)m(hing)g(features)g(describ)s(ed)e(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)630
1377 y(under)29 b(Section)i(3.5.8.1)i([P)m(attern)e(Matc)m(hing],)i
(page)e(24.)150 1532 y Fs(--enable-extended-glob-d)o(efau)o(lt)630
1641 y Ft(Set)40 b(the)g(default)g(v)-5 b(alue)41 b(of)f(the)g
Fq(extglob)j Ft(shell)d(option)g(describ)s(ed)f(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)i(under)
d(Sec-)630 1751 y(tion)31 b(4.3.2)h([The)e(Shopt)g(Builtin],)h(page)g
(55)g(to)h(b)s(e)d(enabled.)150 1906 y Fs(--enable-help-builtin)630
2016 y Ft(Include)24 b(the)h Fs(help)f Ft(builtin,)h(whic)m(h)g(displa)
m(ys)f(help)h(on)f(shell)h(builtins)f(and)h(v)-5 b(ariables)25
b(\(see)630 2125 y(Section)31 b(4.2)h([Bash)e(Builtins],)i(page)f
(41\).)150 2281 y Fs(--enable-history)630 2390 y Ft(Include)e(command)g
(history)h(and)f(the)h Fs(fc)f Ft(and)g Fs(history)e
Ft(builtin)j(commands)f(\(see)h(Sec-)630 2500 y(tion)h(9.1)g([Bash)g
(History)g(F)-8 b(acilities],)34 b(page)d(121\).)150
2655 y Fs(--enable-job-control)630 2765 y Ft(This)e(enables)i(the)f
(job)g(con)m(trol)h(features)g(\(see)g(Chapter)f(7)g([Job)g(Con)m
(trol],)h(page)g(89\),)h(if)630 2874 y(the)f(op)s(erating)f(system)h
(supp)s(orts)d(them.)150 3029 y Fs(--enable-multibyte)630
3139 y Ft(This)h(enables)i(supp)s(ort)d(for)i(m)m(ultib)m(yte)h(c)m
(haracters)g(if)f(the)g(op)s(erating)h(system)f(pro)m(vides)630
3249 y(the)h(necessary)f(supp)s(ort.)150 3404 y Fs
(--enable-net-redirection)o(s)630 3513 y Ft(This)21 b(enables)h(the)g
(sp)s(ecial)h(handling)e(of)h(\014lenames)g(of)g(the)g(form)f
Fs(/dev/tcp/)p Fi(host)11 b Fs(/)p Fi(port)630 3623 y
Ft(and)29 b Fs(/dev/udp/)p Fi(host)11 b Fs(/)p Fi(port)34
b Ft(when)28 b(used)g(in)h(redirections)h(\(see)g(Section)g(3.6)g
([Redirec-)630 3733 y(tions],)h(page)g(26\).)150 3888
y Fs(--enable-process-substit)o(utio)o(n)630 3998 y Ft(This)49
b(enables)i(pro)s(cess)f(substitution)g(\(see)h(Section)g(3.5.6)h([Pro)
s(cess)e(Substitution],)630 4107 y(page)31 b(23\))h(if)e(the)h(op)s
(erating)f(system)h(pro)m(vides)f(the)h(necessary)g(supp)s(ort.)150
4262 y Fs(--enable-progcomp)630 4372 y Ft(Enable)d(the)g(programmable)g
(completion)i(facilities)g(\(see)f(Section)g(8.6)g([Programmable)630
4482 y(Completion],)i(page)h(115\).)42 b(If)30 b(Readline)h(is)f(not)h
(enabled,)f(this)h(option)g(has)f(no)g(e\013ect.)150
4637 y Fs(--enable-prompt-string-d)o(ecod)o(ing)630 4746
y Ft(T)-8 b(urn)46 b(on)h(the)h(in)m(terpretation)g(of)g(a)g(n)m(um)m
(b)s(er)e(of)h(bac)m(kslash-escap)s(ed)h(c)m(haracters)h(in)630
4856 y(the)39 b Fs($PS1)p Ft(,)g Fs($PS2)p Ft(,)h Fs($PS3)p
Ft(,)f(and)f Fs($PS4)f Ft(prompt)h(strings.)64 b(See)39
b(Section)g(6.9)h([Prin)m(ting)f(a)630 4966 y(Prompt],)30
b(page)h(82,)h(for)e(a)h(complete)h(list)f(of)f(prompt)g(string)g
(escap)s(e)h(sequences.)150 5121 y Fs(--enable-readline)630
5230 y Ft(Include)d(supp)s(ort)f(for)h(command-line)h(editing)g(and)f
(history)g(with)g(the)h(Bash)g(v)m(ersion)g(of)630 5340
y(the)i(Readline)g(library)f(\(see)h(Chapter)f(8)g([Command)g(Line)g
(Editing],)h(page)g(93\).)p eop end
%%Page: 133 139
TeXDict begin 133 138 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(10:)41
b(Installing)31 b(Bash)2356 b(133)150 299 y Fs(--enable-restricted)630
408 y Ft(Include)41 b(supp)s(ort)f(for)i(a)g Fq(restricted)g(shell)p
Ft(.)75 b(If)42 b(this)f(is)h(enabled,)j(Bash,)g(when)c(called)630
518 y(as)f Fs(rbash)p Ft(,)h(en)m(ters)f(a)g(restricted)h(mo)s(de.)68
b(See)40 b(Section)h(6.10)g([The)f(Restricted)h(Shell],)630
628 y(page)31 b(84,)h(for)e(a)g(description)h(of)f(restricted)h(mo)s
(de.)150 787 y Fs(--enable-select)630 897 y Ft(Include)k(the)g
Fs(select)f Ft(builtin,)i(whic)m(h)f(allo)m(ws)i(the)f(generation)g(of)
g(simple)f(men)m(us)g(\(see)630 1006 y(Section)c(3.2.4.2)i
([Conditional)e(Constructs],)g(page)g(10\).)150 1166
y Fs(--enable-separate-helpfi)o(les)630 1275 y Ft(Use)h(external)h
(\014les)f(for)g(the)g(do)s(cumen)m(tation)h(displa)m(y)m(ed)f(b)m(y)g
(the)g Fs(help)f Ft(builtin)h(instead)630 1385 y(of)f(storing)f(the)h
(text)g(in)m(ternally)-8 b(.)150 1544 y Fs(--enable-single-help-str)o
(ings)630 1654 y Ft(Store)40 b(the)g(text)h(displa)m(y)m(ed)g(b)m(y)e
(the)i Fs(help)d Ft(builtin)i(as)g(a)g(single)h(string)f(for)f(eac)m(h)
i(help)630 1763 y(topic.)54 b(This)33 b(aids)i(in)f(translating)h(the)g
(text)g(to)g(di\013eren)m(t)g(languages.)54 b(Y)-8 b(ou)35
b(ma)m(y)g(need)630 1873 y(to)c(disable)g(this)f(if)g(y)m(our)h
(compiler)g(cannot)f(handle)g(v)m(ery)h(long)g(string)f(literals.)150
2032 y Fs(--enable-strict-posix-de)o(faul)o(t)630 2142
y Ft(Mak)m(e)c(Bash)f Fl(posix)p Ft(-conforman)m(t)g(b)m(y)f(default)h
(\(see)g(Section)h(6.11)g([Bash)f(POSIX)e(Mo)s(de],)630
2252 y(page)31 b(84\).)150 2411 y Fs(--enable-usg-echo-defaul)o(t)630
2521 y Ft(A)f(synon)m(ym)g(for)g Fs(--enable-xpg-echo-default)p
Ft(.)150 2680 y Fs(--enable-xpg-echo-defaul)o(t)630 2790
y Ft(Mak)m(e)c(the)f Fs(echo)e Ft(builtin)i(expand)f(bac)m
(kslash-escap)s(ed)h(c)m(haracters)h(b)m(y)f(default,)h(without)630
2899 y(requiring)41 b(the)g(`)p Fs(-e)p Ft(')g(option.)73
b(This)41 b(sets)g(the)g(default)h(v)-5 b(alue)41 b(of)h(the)f
Fs(xpg_echo)e Ft(shell)630 3009 y(option)26 b(to)g Fs(on)p
Ft(,)g(whic)m(h)g(mak)m(es)g(the)g(Bash)g Fs(echo)e Ft(b)s(eha)m(v)m(e)
i(more)g(lik)m(e)h(the)f(v)m(ersion)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)630
3118 y(in)41 b(the)h(Single)g(Unix)f(Sp)s(eci\014cation,)k(v)m(ersion)e
(3.)74 b(See)42 b(Section)g(4.2)h([Bash)f(Builtins],)630
3228 y(page)31 b(41,)h(for)e(a)g(description)h(of)f(the)h(escap)s(e)g
(sequences)f(that)h Fs(echo)f Ft(recognizes.)275 3387
y(The)23 b(\014le)i(`)p Fs(config-top.h)p Ft(')c(con)m(tains)26
b(C)e(Prepro)s(cessor)g(`)p Fs(#define)p Ft(')e(statemen)m(ts)k(for)f
(options)f(whic)m(h)150 3497 y(are)35 b(not)g(settable)i(from)d
Fs(configure)p Ft(.)51 b(Some)35 b(of)g(these)g(are)h(not)f(mean)m(t)g
(to)h(b)s(e)e(c)m(hanged;)k(b)s(ew)m(are)d(of)150 3606
y(the)h(consequences)g(if)f(y)m(ou)h(do.)55 b(Read)36
b(the)g(commen)m(ts)g(asso)s(ciated)h(with)e(eac)m(h)i(de\014nition)e
(for)g(more)150 3716 y(information)c(ab)s(out)f(its)h(e\013ect.)p
eop end
%%Page: 134 140
TeXDict begin 134 139 bop eop end
%%Page: 135 141
TeXDict begin 135 140 bop 150 -116 a Ft(App)s(endix)29
b(A:)h(Rep)s(orting)h(Bugs)2299 b(135)150 299 y Fo(App)t(endix)52
b(A)81 b(Rep)t(orting)53 b(Bugs)150 533 y Ft(Please)33
b(rep)s(ort)e(all)h(bugs)f(y)m(ou)h(\014nd)e(in)i(Bash.)44
b(But)32 b(\014rst,)g(y)m(ou)g(should)e(mak)m(e)j(sure)e(that)h(it)g
(really)h(is)f(a)150 643 y(bug,)d(and)g(that)h(it)g(app)s(ears)f(in)g
(the)h(latest)h(v)m(ersion)f(of)g(Bash.)40 b(The)29 b(latest)j(v)m
(ersion)e(of)f(Bash)h(is)f(alw)m(a)m(ys)150 752 y(a)m(v)-5
b(ailable)33 b(for)d(FTP)g(from)g Fs(ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gn)o(u/ba)o
(sh/)o Ft(.)275 887 y(Once)41 b(y)m(ou)g(ha)m(v)m(e)h(determined)f
(that)h(a)f(bug)g(actually)h(exists,)j(use)c(the)g Fs(bashbug)e
Ft(command)i(to)150 996 y(submit)25 b(a)h(bug)g(rep)s(ort.)38
b(If)26 b(y)m(ou)g(ha)m(v)m(e)h(a)f(\014x,)h(y)m(ou)f(are)g(encouraged)
h(to)f(mail)h(that)f(as)g(w)m(ell!)40 b(Suggestions)150
1106 y(and)20 b(`philosophical')j(bug)d(rep)s(orts)g(ma)m(y)i(b)s(e)e
(mailed)i(to)g Fs(bug-bash@gnu.org)17 b Ft(or)k(p)s(osted)f(to)i(the)f
(Usenet)150 1215 y(newsgroup)29 b Fs(gnu.bash.bug)p Ft(.)275
1350 y(All)i(bug)e(rep)s(orts)h(should)f(include:)225
1484 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)30 b(v)m(ersion)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)h
(Bash.)225 1619 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)30 b(hardw)m(are)g(and)g(op)s
(erating)g(system.)225 1753 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)30
b(compiler)h(used)e(to)i(compile)h(Bash.)225 1888 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(A)30 b(description)h(of)f(the)h(bug)f(b)s(eha)m(viour.)225
2022 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(A)30 b(short)h(script)f(or)g(`recip)s(e')h(whic)
m(h)f(exercises)i(the)e(bug)g(and)g(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(used)f(to)i(repro)
s(duce)e(it.)150 2182 y Fs(bashbug)d Ft(inserts)i(the)h(\014rst)f
(three)g(items)h(automatically)i(in)m(to)f(the)e(template)i(it)f(pro)m
(vides)f(for)g(\014ling)h(a)150 2291 y(bug)h(rep)s(ort.)275
2426 y(Please)h(send)f(all)h(rep)s(orts)f(concerning)g(this)h(man)m
(ual)f(to)h Fs(chet.ramey@case.edu)p Ft(.)p eop end
%%Page: 136 142
TeXDict begin 136 141 bop eop end
%%Page: 137 143
TeXDict begin 137 142 bop 150 -116 a Ft(App)s(endix)29
b(B:)i(Ma)5 b(jor)31 b(Di\013erences)g(F)-8 b(rom)31
b(The)f(Bourne)g(Shell)1258 b(137)150 141 y Fo(App)t(endix)58
b(B)81 b(Ma)9 b(jor)54 b(Di\013erences)d(F)-13 b(rom)54
b(The)g(Bourne)1088 299 y(Shell)150 530 y Ft(Bash)26
b(implemen)m(ts)h(essen)m(tially)g(the)g(same)f(grammar,)h(parameter)f
(and)g(v)-5 b(ariable)27 b(expansion,)g(redirec-)150
640 y(tion,)i(and)e(quoting)g(as)h(the)g(Bourne)f(Shell.)40
b(Bash)27 b(uses)g(the)h Fl(posix)f Ft(standard)f(as)i(the)g(sp)s
(eci\014cation)g(of)150 749 y(ho)m(w)34 b(these)h(features)g(are)g(to)g
(b)s(e)f(implemen)m(ted.)53 b(There)34 b(are)h(some)g(di\013erences)g
(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)g(the)g(tradi-)150 859 y(tional)e(Bourne)e(shell)h
(and)f(Bash;)i(this)f(section)g(quic)m(kly)h(details)g(the)e
(di\013erences)h(of)g(signi\014cance.)46 b(A)150 969
y(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)24 b(of)h(these)h(di\013erences)f(are)h(explained)f
(in)g(greater)h(depth)f(in)g(previous)f(sections.)40
b(This)25 b(section)150 1078 y(uses)33 b(the)i(v)m(ersion)f(of)g
Fs(sh)f Ft(included)g(in)h(SVR4.2)h(\(the)f(last)h(v)m(ersion)f(of)g
(the)g(historical)i(Bourne)d(shell\))150 1188 y(as)e(the)f(baseline)h
(reference.)225 1322 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)32 b(is)h
Fl(posix)p Ft(-conforman)m(t,)g(ev)m(en)g(where)f(the)g
Fl(posix)g Ft(sp)s(eci\014cation)h(di\013ers)f(from)g(traditional)330
1431 y Fs(sh)e Ft(b)s(eha)m(vior)g(\(see)i(Section)f(6.11)h([Bash)e
(POSIX)g(Mo)s(de],)h(page)g(84\).)225 1565 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(Bash)26 b(has)g(m)m(ulti-c)m(haracter)i(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation)g
(options)f(\(see)f(Section)h(6.1)g([In)m(v)m(oking)g(Bash],)h(page)e
(71\).)225 1699 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)28 b(has)g(command-line)h
(editing)f(\(see)h(Chapter)f(8)g([Command)f(Line)h(Editing],)i(page)e
(93\))i(and)330 1809 y(the)h Fs(bind)e Ft(builtin.)225
1943 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)46 b(pro)m(vides)g(a)g(programmable)g(w)m
(ord)f(completion)i(mec)m(hanism)f(\(see)h(Section)g(8.6)g([Pro-)330
2052 y(grammable)39 b(Completion],)i(page)e(115\),)i(and)d(builtin)g
(commands)f Fs(complete)p Ft(,)h Fs(compgen)p Ft(,)h(and)330
2162 y Fs(compopt)p Ft(,)29 b(to)i(manipulate)g(it.)225
2296 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)26 b(has)f(command)h(history)f(\(see)i
(Section)f(9.1)h([Bash)f(History)h(F)-8 b(acilities],)30
b(page)c(121\))i(and)d(the)330 2405 y Fs(history)k Ft(and)h
Fs(fc)g Ft(builtins)g(to)h(manipulate)g(it.)42 b(The)30
b(Bash)h(history)g(list)g(main)m(tains)g(timestamp)330
2515 y(information)g(and)e(uses)h(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)31
b(of)f(the)h Fs(HISTTIMEFORMAT)26 b Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)32
b(to)f(displa)m(y)f(it.)225 2649 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)48
b(implemen)m(ts)h Fs(csh)p Ft(-lik)m(e)g(history)f(expansion)g(\(see)h
(Section)g(9.3)h([History)f(In)m(teraction],)330 2759
y(page)31 b(123\).)225 2892 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)33
b(has)g(one-dimensional)h(arra)m(y)f(v)-5 b(ariables)34
b(\(see)g(Section)g(6.7)g([Arra)m(ys],)g(page)g(80\),)h(and)e(the)330
3002 y(appropriate)39 b(v)-5 b(ariable)40 b(expansions)f(and)g
(assignmen)m(t)h(syn)m(tax)g(to)g(use)f(them.)67 b(Sev)m(eral)40
b(of)g(the)330 3112 y(Bash)32 b(builtins)f(tak)m(e)j(options)e(to)h
(act)g(on)e(arra)m(ys.)46 b(Bash)32 b(pro)m(vides)g(a)g(n)m(um)m(b)s
(er)f(of)h(built-in)f(arra)m(y)330 3221 y(v)-5 b(ariables.)225
3355 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)37 b Fs($'...)n(')g Ft(quoting)g(syn)m(tax,)
j(whic)m(h)d(expands)f(ANSI-C)h(bac)m(kslash-escap)s(ed)h(c)m
(haracters)g(in)330 3465 y(the)26 b(text)h(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)g(the)g
(single)f(quotes,)i(is)e(supp)s(orted)f(\(see)i(Section)g(3.1.2.4)h
([ANSI-C)e(Quoting],)330 3574 y(page)31 b(6\).)225 3708
y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)69 b(supp)s(orts)e(the)i Fs($"...)n(")g
Ft(quoting)g(syn)m(tax)g(to)h(do)e(lo)s(cale-sp)s(eci\014c)j
(translation)f(of)330 3818 y(the)65 b(c)m(haracters)i(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)
f(the)f(double)g(quotes.)145 b(The)65 b(`)p Fs(-D)p Ft(',)74
b(`)p Fs(--dump-strings)p Ft(',)d(and)330 3927 y(`)p
Fs(--dump-po-strings)p Ft(')27 b(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation)33
b(options)e(list)h(the)f(translatable)h(strings)f(found)f(in)h(a)g
(script)330 4037 y(\(see)g(Section)h(3.1.2.5)g([Lo)s(cale)g(T)-8
b(ranslation],)32 b(page)f(7\).)225 4171 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(Bash)44 b(implemen)m(ts)g(the)f Fs(!)h Ft(k)m(eyw)m(ord)g(to)g
(negate)h(the)f(return)e(v)-5 b(alue)44 b(of)g(a)g(pip)s(eline)f(\(see)
h(Sec-)330 4281 y(tion)33 b(3.2.2)i([Pip)s(elines],)f(page)g(8\).)49
b(V)-8 b(ery)33 b(useful)f(when)g(an)h Fs(if)f Ft(statemen)m(t)j(needs)
d(to)i(act)g(only)f(if)330 4390 y(a)k(test)h(fails.)60
b(The)36 b(Bash)g(`)p Fs(-o)30 b(pipefail)p Ft(')35 b(option)i(to)h
Fs(set)d Ft(will)i(cause)g(a)g(pip)s(eline)g(to)g(return)f(a)330
4500 y(failure)31 b(status)f(if)h(an)m(y)f(command)g(fails.)225
4634 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)34 b(has)g(the)g Fs(time)f
Ft(reserv)m(ed)h(w)m(ord)g(and)f(command)h(timing)h(\(see)g(Section)g
(3.2.2)g([Pip)s(elines],)330 4743 y(page)g(8\).)52 b(The)33
b(displa)m(y)i(of)f(the)g(timing)g(statistics)i(ma)m(y)f(b)s(e)e(con)m
(trolled)j(with)e(the)g Fs(TIMEFORMAT)330 4853 y Ft(v)-5
b(ariable.)225 4987 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)23 b(implemen)m(ts)g(the)h
Fs(for)29 b(\(\()h Fi(expr1)39 b Fs(;)30 b Fi(expr2)40
b Fs(;)30 b Fi(expr3)39 b Fs(\)\))23 b Ft(arithmetic)h(for)e(command,)j
(sim-)330 5096 y(ilar)31 b(to)g(the)g(C)f(language)h(\(see)h(Section)f
(3.2.4.1)i([Lo)s(oping)d(Constructs],)h(page)g(9\).)225
5230 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)31 b(includes)f(the)g Fs(select)f
Ft(comp)s(ound)g(command,)i(whic)m(h)f(allo)m(ws)i(the)f(generation)g
(of)g(simple)330 5340 y(men)m(us)f(\(see)h(Section)g(3.2.4.2)i
([Conditional)e(Constructs],)g(page)g(10\).)p eop end
%%Page: 138 144
TeXDict begin 138 143 bop 150 -116 a Ft(138)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)225 299 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)40
b(includes)g(the)g Fs([[)g Ft(comp)s(ound)e(command,)43
b(whic)m(h)c(mak)m(es)i(conditional)h(testing)f(part)f(of)330
408 y(the)f(shell)g(grammar)g(\(see)h(Section)f(3.2.4.2)j([Conditional)
d(Constructs],)i(page)f(10\),)i(including)330 518 y(optional)32
b(regular)e(expression)g(matc)m(hing.)225 653 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(Bash)31 b(pro)m(vides)f(optional)h(case-insensitiv)m(e)i(matc)m
(hing)f(for)e(the)g Fs(case)g Ft(and)f Fs([[)h Ft(constructs.)225
789 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)27 b(includes)g(brace)h(expansion)f(\(see)h
(Section)g(3.5.1)i([Brace)e(Expansion],)g(page)g(18\))h(and)d(tilde)330
898 y(expansion)k(\(see)i(Section)f(3.5.2)h([Tilde)f(Expansion],)f
(page)h(19\).)225 1034 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)24 b(implemen)m(ts)h
(command)e(aliases)j(and)d(the)i Fs(alias)d Ft(and)i
Fs(unalias)e Ft(builtins)h(\(see)i(Section)g(6.6)330
1143 y([Aliases],)32 b(page)f(79\).)225 1279 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(Bash)32 b(pro)m(vides)g(shell)g(arithmetic,)i(the)e
Fs(\(\()g Ft(comp)s(ound)e(command)i(\(see)h(Section)f(3.2.4.2)j([Con-)
330 1388 y(ditional)d(Constructs],)e(page)i(10\),)g(and)e(arithmetic)i
(expansion)e(\(see)i(Section)f(6.5)h([Shell)f(Arith-)330
1498 y(metic],)h(page)f(78\).)225 1633 y Fp(\017)60 b
Ft(V)-8 b(ariables)31 b(presen)m(t)e(in)g(the)g(shell's)h(initial)g(en)
m(vironmen)m(t)g(are)g(automatically)i(exp)s(orted)d(to)h(c)m(hild)330
1743 y(pro)s(cesses.)38 b(The)23 b(Bourne)g(shell)g(do)s(es)g(not)g
(normally)g(do)g(this)g(unless)g(the)g(v)-5 b(ariables)24
b(are)f(explicitly)330 1852 y(mark)m(ed)30 b(using)g(the)h
Fs(export)e Ft(command.)225 1988 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)26
b(supp)s(orts)d(the)j(`)p Fs(+=)p Ft(')f(assignmen)m(t)i(op)s(erator,)g
(whic)m(h)e(app)s(ends)f(to)i(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)26 b(of)f(the)h(v)-5
b(ariable)330 2097 y(named)30 b(on)g(the)h(left)g(hand)e(side.)225
2233 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)36 b(includes)g(the)g Fl(posix)f
Ft(pattern)h(remo)m(v)-5 b(al)37 b(`)p Fs(\045)p Ft(',)h(`)p
Fs(#)p Ft(',)g(`)p Fs(\045\045)p Ft(')e(and)f(`)p Fs(##)p
Ft(')h(expansions)g(to)g(remo)m(v)m(e)330 2342 y(leading)f(or)f
(trailing)h(substrings)e(from)g(v)-5 b(ariable)35 b(v)-5
b(alues)35 b(\(see)g(Section)g(3.5.3)g([Shell)g(P)m(arameter)330
2452 y(Expansion],)30 b(page)h(19\).)225 2587 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(The)46 b(expansion)g Fs(${#xx})p Ft(,)j(whic)m(h)d(returns)f(the)i
(length)f(of)h Fs(${xx})p Ft(,)i(is)e(supp)s(orted)d(\(see)j(Sec-)330
2697 y(tion)31 b(3.5.3)h([Shell)f(P)m(arameter)g(Expansion],)f(page)i
(19\).)225 2832 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)30 b(expansion)g
Fs(${var:)p Fq(o\013set)r Fs([:)p Fq(length)p Fs(]})p
Ft(,)g(whic)m(h)g(expands)g(to)h(the)g(substring)e(of)i
Fs(var)p Ft('s)e(v)-5 b(alue)330 2942 y(of)43 b(length)g
Fq(length)p Ft(,)j(b)s(eginning)c(at)i Fq(o\013set)r
Ft(,)j(is)42 b(presen)m(t)h(\(see)h(Section)f(3.5.3)i([Shell)e(P)m
(arameter)330 3051 y(Expansion],)30 b(page)h(19\).)225
3187 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)21 b(expansion)f Fs(${var/[/])p
Fq(pattern)p Fs([/)p Fq(replacemen)m(t)r Fs(]})p Ft(,)i(whic)m(h)e
(matc)m(hes)j Fq(pattern)e Ft(and)f(replaces)330 3296
y(it)29 b(with)e Fq(replacemen)m(t)32 b Ft(in)c(the)g(v)-5
b(alue)29 b(of)f Fs(var)p Ft(,)g(is)g(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)31
b(\(see)e(Section)f(3.5.3)i([Shell)f(P)m(arameter)330
3406 y(Expansion],)h(page)h(19\).)225 3541 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(The)32 b(expansion)g Fs(${!)p Fi(prefix)p Fs(})p
Fi(*)40 b Ft(expansion,)32 b(whic)m(h)g(expands)g(to)h(the)f(names)g
(of)h(all)g(shell)f(v)-5 b(ari-)330 3651 y(ables)36 b(whose)f(names)h
(b)s(egin)f(with)g Fq(pre\014x)6 b Ft(,)36 b(is)g(a)m(v)-5
b(ailable)38 b(\(see)e(Section)h(3.5.3)g([Shell)f(P)m(arameter)330
3761 y(Expansion],)30 b(page)h(19\).)225 3896 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(Bash)22 b(has)f Fq(indirect)j Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)22
b(expansion)g(using)f Fs(${!word})e Ft(\(see)k(Section)f(3.5.3)i
([Shell)e(P)m(arameter)330 4006 y(Expansion],)30 b(page)h(19\).)225
4141 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)31 b(can)f(expand)g(p)s(ositional)h
(parameters)g(b)s(ey)m(ond)e Fs($9)h Ft(using)g Fs(${)p
Fi(num)11 b Fs(})p Ft(.)225 4276 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)27
b Fl(posix)g Fs($\(\))g Ft(form)g(of)h(command)g(substitution)f(is)h
(implemen)m(ted)g(\(see)h(Section)f(3.5.4)i([Com-)330
4386 y(mand)38 b(Substitution],)k(page)e(22\),)j(and)38
b(preferred)g(to)i(the)g(Bourne)f(shell's)h Fs(``)e Ft(\(whic)m(h)i(is)
f(also)330 4495 y(implemen)m(ted)31 b(for)f(bac)m(kw)m(ards)h
(compatibilit)m(y\).)225 4631 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)31
b(has)f(pro)s(cess)g(substitution)g(\(see)h(Section)g(3.5.6)h([Pro)s
(cess)f(Substitution],)f(page)h(23\).)225 4766 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(Bash)55 b(automatically)j(assigns)e(v)-5 b(ariables)55
b(that)h(pro)m(vide)f(information)h(ab)s(out)f(the)g(curren)m(t)330
4876 y(user)40 b(\()p Fs(UID)p Ft(,)i Fs(EUID)p Ft(,)g(and)e
Fs(GROUPS)p Ft(\),)h(the)g(curren)m(t)f(host)g(\()p Fs(HOSTTYPE)p
Ft(,)h Fs(OSTYPE)p Ft(,)h Fs(MACHTYPE)p Ft(,)f(and)330
4985 y Fs(HOSTNAME)p Ft(\),)55 b(and)c(the)g(instance)h(of)g(Bash)f
(that)h(is)f(running)f(\()p Fs(BASH)p Ft(,)56 b Fs(BASH_VERSION)p
Ft(,)e(and)330 5095 y Fs(BASH_VERSINFO)p Ft(\).)37 b(See)31
b(Section)g(5.2)h([Bash)e(V)-8 b(ariables],)33 b(page)e(61,)g(for)f
(details.)225 5230 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)44 b Fs(IFS)f
Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)45 b(is)f(used)f(to)i(split)f(only)g(the)g(results)g
(of)h(expansion,)i(not)d(all)h(w)m(ords)f(\(see)330 5340
y(Section)29 b(3.5.7)h([W)-8 b(ord)29 b(Splitting],)h(page)f(23\).)41
b(This)28 b(closes)h(a)g(longstanding)g(shell)f(securit)m(y)h(hole.)p
eop end
%%Page: 139 145
TeXDict begin 139 144 bop 150 -116 a Ft(App)s(endix)29
b(B:)i(Ma)5 b(jor)31 b(Di\013erences)g(F)-8 b(rom)31
b(The)f(Bourne)g(Shell)1258 b(139)225 299 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(Bash)38 b(implemen)m(ts)g(the)g(full)g(set)g(of)g
Fl(posix)f Ft(\014lename)h(expansion)g(op)s(erators,)i(including)d
Fq(c)m(har-)330 408 y(acter)i(classes)t Ft(,)h Fq(equiv)-5
b(alence)39 b(classes)t Ft(,)h(and)d Fq(collating)j(sym)m(b)s(ols)g
Ft(\(see)f(Section)f(3.5.8)h([Filename)330 518 y(Expansion],)30
b(page)h(24\).)225 660 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)35 b(implemen)m(ts)g
(extended)g(pattern)g(matc)m(hing)h(features)f(when)f(the)h
Fs(extglob)d Ft(shell)j(option)330 769 y(is)30 b(enabled)h(\(see)g
(Section)g(3.5.8.1)i([P)m(attern)f(Matc)m(hing],)g(page)f(24\).)225
911 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(It)22 b(is)g(p)s(ossible)g(to)h(ha)m(v)m(e)g(a)f
(v)-5 b(ariable)23 b(and)f(a)g(function)g(with)g(the)g(same)g(name;)j
Fs(sh)d Ft(do)s(es)g(not)g(separate)330 1021 y(the)31
b(t)m(w)m(o)g(name)g(spaces.)225 1163 y Fp(\017)60 b
Ft(Bash)30 b(functions)e(are)i(p)s(ermitted)f(to)h(ha)m(v)m(e)h(lo)s
(cal)g(v)-5 b(ariables)30 b(using)f(the)g Fs(local)f
Ft(builtin,)i(and)e(th)m(us)330 1272 y(useful)i(recursiv)m(e)g
(functions)g(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(written)g(\(see)i(Section)f(4.2)g([Bash)g
(Builtins],)g(page)h(41\).)225 1414 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(V)-8
b(ariable)25 b(assignmen)m(ts)g(preceding)e(commands)h(a\013ect)h(only)
f(that)g(command,)h(ev)m(en)f(builtins)g(and)330 1524
y(functions)36 b(\(see)h(Section)g(3.7.4)h([En)m(vironmen)m(t],)h(page)
e(31\).)60 b(In)35 b Fs(sh)p Ft(,)j(all)f(v)-5 b(ariable)37
b(assignmen)m(ts)330 1633 y(preceding)30 b(commands)g(are)h(global)h
(unless)d(the)i(command)f(is)h(executed)g(from)f(the)g(\014le)h
(system.)225 1775 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)44 b(p)s(erforms)e(\014lename)
i(expansion)f(on)h(\014lenames)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(as)h(op)s(erands)e
(to)j(input)e(and)330 1885 y(output)30 b(redirection)h(op)s(erators)g
(\(see)g(Section)g(3.6)h([Redirections],)g(page)f(26\).)225
2027 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)29 b(con)m(tains)h(the)f(`)p
Fs(<>)p Ft(')f(redirection)i(op)s(erator,)f(allo)m(wing)i(a)e(\014le)g
(to)g(b)s(e)f(op)s(ened)g(for)h(b)s(oth)f(read-)330 2136
y(ing)35 b(and)f(writing,)i(and)e(the)h(`)p Fs(&>)p Ft(')g(redirection)
g(op)s(erator,)h(for)f(directing)g(standard)f(output)h(and)330
2246 y(standard)30 b(error)g(to)h(the)f(same)h(\014le)f(\(see)i
(Section)f(3.6)g([Redirections],)h(page)g(26\).)225 2388
y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)21 b(includes)f(the)h(`)p Fs(<<<)p
Ft(')g(redirection)g(op)s(erator,)i(allo)m(wing)g(a)e(string)f(to)i(b)s
(e)e(used)g(as)h(the)g(standard)330 2497 y(input)29 b(to)j(a)e
(command.)225 2639 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)29 b(implemen)m(ts)h(the)f(`)
p Fs([n]<&)p Fi(word)11 b Ft(')26 b(and)j(`)p Fs([n]>&)p
Fi(word)11 b Ft(')26 b(redirection)k(op)s(erators,)g(whic)m(h)e(mo)m(v)
m(e)330 2749 y(one)j(\014le)f(descriptor)g(to)h(another.)225
2890 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)25 b(treats)h(a)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)i
(\014lenames)g(sp)s(ecially)g(when)f(they)h(are)g(used)f(in)g
(redirection)i(op)s(erators)330 3000 y(\(see)31 b(Section)h(3.6)f
([Redirections],)h(page)f(26\).)225 3142 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(Bash)33 b(can)f(op)s(en)g(net)m(w)m(ork)i(connections)f(to)h
(arbitrary)e(mac)m(hines)h(and)f(services)h(with)f(the)h(redi-)330
3251 y(rection)e(op)s(erators)g(\(see)g(Section)g(3.6)h
([Redirections],)g(page)f(26\).)225 3393 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(The)29 b Fs(noclobber)e Ft(option)j(is)g(a)m(v)-5
b(ailable)32 b(to)e(a)m(v)m(oid)h(o)m(v)m(erwriting)g(existing)g
(\014les)e(with)h(output)f(redi-)330 3503 y(rection)39
b(\(see)h(Section)f(4.3.1)h([The)e(Set)h(Builtin],)i(page)e(51\).)66
b(The)38 b(`)p Fs(>|)p Ft(')h(redirection)g(op)s(erator)330
3612 y(ma)m(y)31 b(b)s(e)f(used)f(to)i(o)m(v)m(erride)h
Fs(noclobber)p Ft(.)225 3754 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)34
b(Bash)g Fs(cd)g Ft(and)f Fs(pwd)g Ft(builtins)h(\(see)h(Section)g(4.1)
g([Bourne)g(Shell)f(Builtins],)h(page)g(35\))h(eac)m(h)330
3864 y(tak)m(e)c(`)p Fs(-L)p Ft(')e(and)g(`)p Fs(-P)p
Ft(')g(options)h(to)g(switc)m(h)g(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)g(logical)i(and)c
(ph)m(ysical)i(mo)s(des.)225 4006 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)25
b(allo)m(ws)h(a)g(function)e(to)i(o)m(v)m(erride)g(a)g(builtin)e(with)h
(the)g(same)g(name,)i(and)d(pro)m(vides)h(access)h(to)330
4115 y(that)34 b(builtin's)f(functionalit)m(y)h(within)f(the)g
(function)g(via)h(the)f Fs(builtin)f Ft(and)g Fs(command)g
Ft(builtins)330 4225 y(\(see)f(Section)h(4.2)f([Bash)g(Builtins],)g
(page)g(41\).)225 4367 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)35 b Fs(command)e
Ft(builtin)i(allo)m(ws)i(selectiv)m(e)h(disabling)e(of)f(functions)g
(when)g(command)g(lo)s(okup)g(is)330 4476 y(p)s(erformed)29
b(\(see)i(Section)g(4.2)h([Bash)f(Builtins],)g(page)g(41\).)225
4618 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Individual)23 b(builtins)g(ma)m(y)i(b)s(e)e
(enabled)h(or)g(disabled)g(using)f(the)h Fs(enable)f
Ft(builtin)g(\(see)i(Section)g(4.2)330 4728 y([Bash)31
b(Builtins],)g(page)g(41\).)225 4869 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)26
b(Bash)h Fs(exec)e Ft(builtin)h(tak)m(es)i(additional)f(options)g(that)
g(allo)m(w)h(users)d(to)j(con)m(trol)g(the)e(con)m(ten)m(ts)330
4979 y(of)35 b(the)f(en)m(vironmen)m(t)h(passed)f(to)h(the)g(executed)g
(command,)h(and)d(what)i(the)f(zeroth)h(argumen)m(t)330
5089 y(to)c(the)g(command)f(is)g(to)h(b)s(e)f(\(see)h(Section)h(4.1)f
([Bourne)f(Shell)h(Builtins],)g(page)g(35\).)225 5230
y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Shell)29 b(functions)g(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(exp)s(orted)g
(to)h(c)m(hildren)f(via)h(the)g(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g(using)f
Fs(export)f(-f)h Ft(\(see)330 5340 y(Section)i(3.3)h([Shell)e(F)-8
b(unctions],)32 b(page)f(14\).)p eop end
%%Page: 140 146
TeXDict begin 140 145 bop 150 -116 a Ft(140)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)225 299 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)37
b(Bash)g Fs(export)p Ft(,)h Fs(readonly)p Ft(,)f(and)f
Fs(declare)g Ft(builtins)h(can)g(tak)m(e)i(a)f(`)p Fs(-f)p
Ft(')f(option)h(to)g(act)g(on)330 408 y(shell)26 b(functions,)g(a)h(`)p
Fs(-p)p Ft(')e(option)h(to)h(displa)m(y)f(v)-5 b(ariables)26
b(with)g(v)-5 b(arious)25 b(attributes)i(set)f(in)f(a)i(format)330
518 y(that)g(can)f(b)s(e)f(used)h(as)g(shell)g(input,)h(a)f(`)p
Fs(-n)p Ft(')g(option)g(to)h(remo)m(v)m(e)h(v)-5 b(arious)26
b(v)-5 b(ariable)27 b(attributes,)h(and)330 628 y(`)p
Fs(name=value)p Ft(')g(argumen)m(ts)j(to)g(set)g(v)-5
b(ariable)31 b(attributes)g(and)f(v)-5 b(alues)30 b(sim)m(ultaneously)
-8 b(.)225 765 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)42 b(Bash)h Fs(hash)f
Ft(builtin)g(allo)m(ws)j(a)e(name)g(to)g(b)s(e)f(asso)s(ciated)j(with)d
(an)h(arbitrary)f(\014lename,)330 874 y(ev)m(en)30 b(when)e(that)h
(\014lename)g(cannot)h(b)s(e)e(found)g(b)m(y)h(searc)m(hing)g(the)g
Fs($PATH)p Ft(,)g(using)f(`)p Fs(hash)h(-p)p Ft(')g(\(see)330
984 y(Section)i(4.1)h([Bourne)e(Shell)g(Builtins],)h(page)h(35\).)225
1121 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)27 b(includes)f(a)i Fs(help)d
Ft(builtin)i(for)f(quic)m(k)h(reference)h(to)f(shell)g(facilities)i
(\(see)f(Section)g(4.2)g([Bash)330 1230 y(Builtins],)j(page)g(41\).)225
1367 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)42 b Fs(printf)g Ft(builtin)g(is)h(a)m(v)-5
b(ailable)45 b(to)f(displa)m(y)f(formatted)g(output)g(\(see)h(Section)g
(4.2)g([Bash)330 1477 y(Builtins],)31 b(page)g(41\).)225
1614 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)26 b(Bash)h Fs(read)f Ft(builtin)g(\(see)i
(Section)g(4.2)g([Bash)f(Builtins],)h(page)g(41\))g(will)f(read)g(a)g
(line)g(ending)330 1724 y(in)f(`)p Fs(\\)p Ft(')h(with)f(the)g(`)p
Fs(-r)p Ft(')h(option,)h(and)d(will)i(use)f(the)h Fs(REPLY)e
Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)27 b(as)g(a)f(default)h(if)f(no)h(non-option)330
1833 y(argumen)m(ts)k(are)h(supplied.)42 b(The)30 b(Bash)i
Fs(read)e Ft(builtin)g(also)j(accepts)f(a)g(prompt)e(string)h(with)g
(the)330 1943 y(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(')k(option)g(and)f(will)h(use)g
(Readline)g(to)h(obtain)f(the)g(line)g(when)f(giv)m(en)i(the)f(`)p
Fs(-e)p Ft(')g(option.)54 b(The)330 2052 y Fs(read)31
b Ft(builtin)h(also)i(has)e(additional)h(options)g(to)g(con)m(trol)h
(input:)44 b(the)32 b(`)p Fs(-s)p Ft(')h(option)f(will)h(turn)f(o\013)
330 2162 y(ec)m(hoing)38 b(of)e(input)f(c)m(haracters)j(as)e(they)h
(are)f(read,)i(the)e(`)p Fs(-t)p Ft(')g(option)h(will)g(allo)m(w)g
Fs(read)e Ft(to)i(time)330 2271 y(out)c(if)g(input)f(do)s(es)g(not)h
(arriv)m(e)g(within)g(a)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i
(seconds,)h(the)f(`)p Fs(-n)p Ft(')f(option)i(will)330
2381 y(allo)m(w)29 b(reading)e(only)h(a)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)e(n)m(um)m(b)s
(er)g(of)i(c)m(haracters)h(rather)e(than)g(a)h(full)f(line,)i(and)d
(the)i(`)p Fs(-d)p Ft(')330 2491 y(option)j(will)g(read)f(un)m(til)g(a)
h(particular)g(c)m(haracter)h(rather)e(than)g(newline.)225
2628 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)33 b Fs(return)e Ft(builtin)i(ma)m(y)g(b)s
(e)g(used)f(to)i(ab)s(ort)f(execution)h(of)f(scripts)g(executed)h(with)
f(the)g Fs(.)g Ft(or)330 2737 y Fs(source)c Ft(builtins)g(\(see)j
(Section)f(4.1)g([Bourne)g(Shell)f(Builtins],)h(page)g(35\).)225
2874 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)43 b(includes)g(the)g Fs(shopt)f
Ft(builtin,)k(for)d(\014ner)f(con)m(trol)j(of)e(shell)h(optional)g
(capabilities)h(\(see)330 2984 y(Section)c(4.3.2)g([The)f(Shopt)f
(Builtin],)k(page)d(55\),)k(and)39 b(allo)m(ws)i(these)f(options)h(to)f
(b)s(e)f(set)i(and)330 3093 y(unset)30 b(at)h(shell)g(in)m(v)m(o)s
(cation)h(\(see)f(Section)h(6.1)f([In)m(v)m(oking)g(Bash],)g(page)h
(71\).)225 3230 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)45 b(has)f(m)m(uc)m(h)g(more)h
(optional)h(b)s(eha)m(vior)e(con)m(trollable)j(with)e(the)f
Fs(set)g Ft(builtin)g(\(see)h(Sec-)330 3340 y(tion)31
b(4.3.1)h([The)e(Set)h(Builtin],)g(page)g(51\).)225 3477
y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)31 b(`)p Fs(-x)p Ft(')g(\()p Fs(xtrace)p
Ft(\))g(option)h(displa)m(ys)f(commands)h(other)f(than)h(simple)f
(commands)g(when)g(p)s(er-)330 3587 y(forming)f(an)g(execution)i(trace)
f(\(see)h(Section)f(4.3.1)h([The)e(Set)h(Builtin],)g(page)g(51\).)225
3724 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)28 b Fs(test)g Ft(builtin)h(\(see)h(Section)
f(4.1)h([Bourne)f(Shell)g(Builtins],)h(page)g(35\))g(is)f(sligh)m(tly)h
(di\013eren)m(t,)330 3833 y(as)23 b(it)g(implemen)m(ts)f(the)h
Fl(posix)f Ft(algorithm,)j(whic)m(h)d(sp)s(eci\014es)g(the)h(b)s(eha)m
(vior)f(based)g(on)h(the)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)330 3943 y(of)31
b(argumen)m(ts.)225 4080 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)31 b(includes)g(the)h
Fs(caller)d Ft(builtin,)j(whic)m(h)f(displa)m(ys)g(the)g(con)m(text)i
(of)f(an)m(y)g(activ)m(e)h(subroutine)330 4189 y(call)28
b(\(a)f(shell)f(function)h(or)f(a)h(script)f(executed)h(with)f(the)h
Fs(.)f Ft(or)g Fs(source)f Ft(builtins\).)39 b(This)26
b(supp)s(orts)330 4299 y(the)31 b(bash)e(debugger.)225
4436 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)42 b Fs(trap)f Ft(builtin)h(\(see)i(Section)
f(4.1)h([Bourne)e(Shell)g(Builtins],)47 b(page)c(35\))h(allo)m(ws)g(a)e
Fs(DEBUG)330 4545 y Ft(pseudo-signal)c(sp)s(eci\014cation,)i(similar)e
(to)g Fs(EXIT)p Ft(.)62 b(Commands)36 b(sp)s(eci\014ed)h(with)g(a)h
Fs(DEBUG)e Ft(trap)330 4655 y(are)k(executed)g(b)s(efore)f(ev)m(ery)h
(simple)f(command,)j Fs(for)c Ft(command,)k Fs(case)c
Ft(command,)k Fs(select)330 4765 y Ft(command,)35 b(ev)m(ery)g
(arithmetic)g Fs(for)e Ft(command,)i(and)f(b)s(efore)g(the)g(\014rst)f
(command)h(executes)h(in)330 4874 y(a)29 b(shell)g(function.)40
b(The)28 b Fs(DEBUG)g Ft(trap)g(is)h(not)g(inherited)f(b)m(y)h(shell)g
(functions)f(unless)g(the)h(function)330 4984 y(has)35
b(b)s(een)g(giv)m(en)i(the)f Fs(trace)e Ft(attribute)i(or)g(the)g
Fs(functrace)d Ft(option)j(has)f(b)s(een)g(enabled)g(using)330
5093 y(the)28 b Fs(shopt)e Ft(builtin.)39 b(The)27 b
Fs(extdebug)f Ft(shell)i(option)g(has)f(additional)h(e\013ects)h(on)f
(the)g Fs(DEBUG)e Ft(trap.)330 5230 y(The)21 b Fs(trap)e
Ft(builtin)i(\(see)h(Section)g(4.1)g([Bourne)f(Shell)g(Builtins],)j
(page)e(35\))g(allo)m(ws)g(an)f Fs(ERR)f Ft(pseudo-)330
5340 y(signal)30 b(sp)s(eci\014cation,)h(similar)f(to)g
Fs(EXIT)f Ft(and)g Fs(DEBUG)p Ft(.)39 b(Commands)28 b(sp)s(eci\014ed)h
(with)g(an)g Fs(ERR)g Ft(trap)p eop end
%%Page: 141 147
TeXDict begin 141 146 bop 150 -116 a Ft(App)s(endix)29
b(B:)i(Ma)5 b(jor)31 b(Di\013erences)g(F)-8 b(rom)31
b(The)f(Bourne)g(Shell)1258 b(141)330 299 y(are)40 b(executed)g(after)g
(a)f(simple)h(command)f(fails,)j(with)d(a)h(few)f(exceptions.)68
b(The)39 b Fs(ERR)g Ft(trap)g(is)330 408 y(not)g(inherited)f(b)m(y)h
(shell)g(functions)f(unless)g(the)h Fs(-o)29 b(errtrace)37
b Ft(option)i(to)g(the)g Fs(set)f Ft(builtin)g(is)330
518 y(enabled.)330 650 y(The)g Fs(trap)g Ft(builtin)h(\(see)g(Section)h
(4.1)g([Bourne)f(Shell)g(Builtins],)i(page)f(35\))g(allo)m(ws)g(a)g
Fs(RETURN)330 760 y Ft(pseudo-signal)35 b(sp)s(eci\014cation,)j
(similar)d(to)h Fs(EXIT)e Ft(and)g Fs(DEBUG)p Ft(.)54
b(Commands)34 b(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(with)h(an)330 869 y
Fs(RETURN)k Ft(trap)i(are)g(executed)h(b)s(efore)e(execution)i(resumes)
e(after)h(a)g(shell)g(function)g(or)g(a)g(shell)330 979
y(script)36 b(executed)g(with)g Fs(.)f Ft(or)h Fs(source)e
Ft(returns.)56 b(The)35 b Fs(RETURN)f Ft(trap)i(is)g(not)g(inherited)f
(b)m(y)h(shell)330 1088 y(functions)k(unless)h(the)g(function)f(has)h
(b)s(een)f(giv)m(en)i(the)f Fs(trace)e Ft(attribute)j(or)e(the)h
Fs(functrace)330 1198 y Ft(option)31 b(has)f(b)s(een)g(enabled)g(using)
g(the)g Fs(shopt)f Ft(builtin.)225 1330 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(The)30 b(Bash)g Fs(type)f Ft(builtin)h(is)g(more)g(extensiv)m(e)i
(and)d(giv)m(es)j(more)e(information)h(ab)s(out)f(the)g(names)330
1440 y(it)h(\014nds)e(\(see)i(Section)g(4.2)h([Bash)e(Builtins],)i
(page)f(41\).)225 1571 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)34 b(Bash)h
Fs(umask)e Ft(builtin)h(p)s(ermits)g(a)g(`)p Fs(-p)p
Ft(')h(option)g(to)g(cause)g(the)g(output)f(to)h(b)s(e)f(displa)m(y)m
(ed)h(in)330 1681 y(the)g(form)g(of)g(a)h Fs(umask)e
Ft(command)h(that)g(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(reused)f(as)h(input)g(\(see)h
(Section)g(4.1)g([Bourne)330 1791 y(Shell)30 b(Builtins],)h(page)h
(35\).)225 1923 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)34 b(implemen)m(ts)h(a)g
Fs(csh)p Ft(-lik)m(e)g(directory)f(stac)m(k,)j(and)d(pro)m(vides)g(the)
g Fs(pushd)p Ft(,)g Fs(popd)p Ft(,)g(and)g Fs(dirs)330
2032 y Ft(builtins)g(to)i(manipulate)f(it)h(\(see)f(Section)h(6.8)g
([The)f(Directory)h(Stac)m(k],)i(page)d(81\).)56 b(Bash)35
b(also)330 2142 y(mak)m(es)c(the)g(directory)g(stac)m(k)g(visible)g(as)
g(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(of)g(the)f Fs(DIRSTACK)f Ft(shell)h(v)-5
b(ariable.)225 2274 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)28 b(in)m(terprets)h(sp)s
(ecial)g(bac)m(kslash-escap)s(ed)g(c)m(haracters)g(in)f(the)h(prompt)e
(strings)h(when)f(in)m(ter-)330 2383 y(activ)m(e)33 b(\(see)e(Section)g
(6.9)h([Prin)m(ting)e(a)h(Prompt],)g(page)g(82\).)225
2515 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)46 b(Bash)h(restricted)g(mo)s(de)f(is)h
(more)f(useful)g(\(see)h(Section)h(6.10)g([The)e(Restricted)i(Shell],)
330 2625 y(page)31 b(84\);)h(the)f(SVR4.2)g(shell)f(restricted)h(mo)s
(de)f(is)h(to)s(o)g(limited.)225 2757 y Fp(\017)60 b
Ft(The)30 b Fs(disown)f Ft(builtin)h(can)h(remo)m(v)m(e)h(a)f(job)f
(from)g(the)h(in)m(ternal)g(shell)g(job)f(table)i(\(see)f(Section)h
(7.2)330 2866 y([Job)h(Con)m(trol)h(Builtins],)g(page)g(90\))h(or)e
(suppress)e(the)i(sending)g(of)g Fs(SIGHUP)e Ft(to)j(a)g(job)f(when)f
(the)330 2976 y(shell)f(exits)g(as)f(the)h(result)f(of)h(a)f
Fs(SIGHUP)p Ft(.)225 3108 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)31 b(includes)f(a)g(n)
m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i(features)g(to)g(supp)s(ort)d(a)j(separate)g
(debugger)f(for)h(shell)f(scripts.)225 3240 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(The)28 b(SVR4.2)h(shell)f(has)g(t)m(w)m(o)i(privilege-related)g
(builtins)e(\()p Fs(mldmode)e Ft(and)i Fs(priv)p Ft(\))f(not)i(presen)m
(t)f(in)330 3350 y(Bash.)225 3482 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)31
b(do)s(es)f(not)g(ha)m(v)m(e)i(the)e Fs(stop)g Ft(or)g
Fs(newgrp)f Ft(builtins.)225 3613 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)31
b(do)s(es)f(not)g(use)g(the)h Fs(SHACCT)d Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)32
b(or)e(p)s(erform)f(shell)i(accoun)m(ting.)225 3745 y
Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)30 b(SVR4.2)h Fs(sh)f Ft(uses)g(a)g
Fs(TIMEOUT)f Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(lik)m(e)h(Bash)e(uses)g
Fs(TMOUT)p Ft(.)150 3900 y(More)h(features)g(unique)e(to)i(Bash)g(ma)m
(y)g(b)s(e)f(found)f(in)h(Chapter)f(6)i([Bash)g(F)-8
b(eatures],)32 b(page)f(71.)150 4127 y Fr(B.1)67 b(Implemen)l(tation)48
b(Di\013erences)e(F)-11 b(rom)44 b(The)h(SVR4.2)g(Shell)150
4287 y Ft(Since)33 b(Bash)h(is)f(a)g(completely)i(new)e(implemen)m
(tation,)j(it)e(do)s(es)e(not)i(su\013er)e(from)h(man)m(y)g(of)h(the)f
(limi-)150 4396 y(tations)f(of)e(the)h(SVR4.2)g(shell.)41
b(F)-8 b(or)31 b(instance:)225 4528 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)32
b(do)s(es)f(not)h(fork)f(a)h(subshell)e(when)h(redirecting)h(in)m(to)h
(or)e(out)h(of)g(a)g(shell)f(con)m(trol)i(structure)330
4638 y(suc)m(h)d(as)h(an)f Fs(if)g Ft(or)g Fs(while)f
Ft(statemen)m(t.)225 4770 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)29 b(do)s(es)f(not)h
(allo)m(w)h(un)m(balanced)f(quotes.)41 b(The)28 b(SVR4.2)h(shell)g
(will)g(silen)m(tly)i(insert)d(a)h(needed)330 4879 y(closing)g(quote)g
(at)f Fs(EOF)f Ft(under)g(certain)h(circumstances.)41
b(This)27 b(can)h(b)s(e)g(the)g(cause)g(of)g(some)h(hard-)330
4989 y(to-\014nd)h(errors.)225 5121 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)45
b(SVR4.2)h(shell)f(uses)g(a)g(baro)s(que)g(memory)g(managemen)m(t)i(sc)
m(heme)e(based)g(on)g(trapping)330 5230 y Fs(SIGSEGV)p
Ft(.)57 b(If)35 b(the)i(shell)f(is)h(started)g(from)e(a)i(pro)s(cess)f
(with)g Fs(SIGSEGV)e Ft(blo)s(c)m(k)m(ed)k(\(e.g.,)h(b)m(y)d(using)330
5340 y(the)31 b Fs(system\(\))d Ft(C)i(library)g(function)g(call\),)i
(it)f(misb)s(eha)m(v)m(es)g(badly)-8 b(.)p eop end
%%Page: 142 148
TeXDict begin 142 147 bop 150 -116 a Ft(142)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)225 299 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(In)26
b(a)i(questionable)g(attempt)h(at)f(securit)m(y)-8 b(,)29
b(the)e(SVR4.2)h(shell,)g(when)f(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(without)g(the)f(`)p
Fs(-p)p Ft(')330 408 y(option,)39 b(will)d(alter)i(its)e(real)h(and)f
(e\013ectiv)m(e)j Fl(uid)d Ft(and)g Fl(gid)h Ft(if)f(they)h(are)f(less)
h(than)f(some)h(magic)330 518 y(threshold)30 b(v)-5 b(alue,)31
b(commonly)g(100.)42 b(This)29 b(can)i(lead)g(to)g(unexp)s(ected)f
(results.)225 653 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)30 b(SVR4.2)h(shell)g(do)s(es)f
(not)g(allo)m(w)i(users)e(to)h(trap)f Fs(SIGSEGV)p Ft(,)f
Fs(SIGALRM)p Ft(,)f(or)j Fs(SIGCHLD)p Ft(.)225 787 y
Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)34 b(SVR4.2)h(shell)g(do)s(es)g(not)f(allo)m(w)j
(the)d Fs(IFS)p Ft(,)h Fs(MAILCHECK)p Ft(,)f Fs(PATH)p
Ft(,)h Fs(PS1)p Ft(,)g(or)f Fs(PS2)g Ft(v)-5 b(ariables)35
b(to)330 897 y(b)s(e)30 b(unset.)225 1031 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(The)30 b(SVR4.2)h(shell)g(treats)g(`)p Fs(^)p Ft(')f(as)h(the)g
(undo)s(cumen)m(ted)e(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)31 b(of)g(`)p
Fs(|)p Ft('.)225 1166 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)37 b(allo)m(ws)h(m)m
(ultiple)f(option)g(argumen)m(ts)g(when)e(it)i(is)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h
(\()p Fs(-x)30 b(-v)p Ft(\);)40 b(the)c(SVR4.2)i(shell)330
1275 y(allo)m(ws)c(only)f(one)g(option)g(argumen)m(t)g(\()p
Fs(-xv)p Ft(\).)47 b(In)32 b(fact,)i(some)f(v)m(ersions)g(of)g(the)g
(shell)f(dump)f(core)330 1385 y(if)f(the)h(second)f(argumen)m(t)h(b)s
(egins)f(with)g(a)h(`)p Fs(-)p Ft('.)225 1519 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(The)26 b(SVR4.2)i(shell)f(exits)g(a)g(script)g(if)g(an)m(y)g
(builtin)f(fails;)j(Bash)e(exits)g(a)g(script)g(only)g(if)g(one)g(of)g
(the)330 1629 y Fl(posix)34 b Ft(sp)s(ecial)h(builtins)f(fails,)i(and)e
(only)h(for)f(certain)h(failures,)h(as)f(en)m(umerated)g(in)f(the)h
Fl(posix)330 1738 y Ft(standard.)225 1873 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(The)30 b(SVR4.2)h(shell)g(b)s(eha)m(v)m(es)f(di\013eren)m(tly)h
(when)f(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)i(as)e Fs(jsh)g Ft(\(it)h(turns)e(on)h(job)g
(con)m(trol\).)p eop end
%%Page: 143 149
TeXDict begin 143 148 bop 150 -116 a Ft(App)s(endix)29
b(C:)h(GNU)h(F)-8 b(ree)31 b(Do)s(cumen)m(tation)i(License)1560
b(143)150 299 y Fo(App)t(endix)52 b(C)81 b(GNU)54 b(F)-13
b(ree)53 b(Do)t(cumen)l(tation)e(License)1359 502 y Ft(V)-8
b(ersion)31 b(1.3,)g(3)g(No)m(v)m(em)m(b)s(er)h(2008)390
635 y(Cop)m(yrigh)m(t)842 632 y(c)817 635 y Fp(\015)e
Ft(2000,)j(2001,)f(2002,)g(2007,)h(2008)f(F)-8 b(ree)31
b(Soft)m(w)m(are)h(F)-8 b(oundation,)31 b(Inc.)390 745
y Fs(http://fsf.org/)390 964 y Ft(Ev)m(ery)m(one)g(is)g(p)s(ermitted)f
(to)h(cop)m(y)g(and)f(distribute)g(v)m(erbatim)h(copies)390
1074 y(of)g(this)f(license)h(do)s(cumen)m(t,)g(but)e(c)m(hanging)j(it)f
(is)f(not)h(allo)m(w)m(ed.)199 1207 y(0.)61 b(PREAMBLE)330
1340 y(The)37 b(purp)s(ose)e(of)i(this)g(License)h(is)f(to)h(mak)m(e)g
(a)g(man)m(ual,)h(textb)s(o)s(ok,)h(or)d(other)g(functional)h(and)330
1450 y(useful)29 b(do)s(cumen)m(t)h Fq(free)36 b Ft(in)29
b(the)i(sense)f(of)g(freedom:)41 b(to)31 b(assure)e(ev)m(ery)m(one)j
(the)e(e\013ectiv)m(e)j(freedom)330 1559 y(to)f(cop)m(y)g(and)f
(redistribute)g(it,)h(with)g(or)f(without)g(mo)s(difying)g(it,)i
(either)f(commercially)h(or)e(non-)330 1669 y(commercially)-8
b(.)56 b(Secondarily)-8 b(,)36 b(this)f(License)g(preserv)m(es)g(for)f
(the)h(author)f(and)g(publisher)f(a)i(w)m(a)m(y)330 1778
y(to)i(get)g(credit)g(for)f(their)g(w)m(ork,)i(while)e(not)g(b)s(eing)g
(considered)g(resp)s(onsible)f(for)h(mo)s(di\014cations)330
1888 y(made)30 b(b)m(y)h(others.)330 2021 y(This)22 b(License)i(is)f(a)
h(kind)e(of)i(\\cop)m(yleft",)j(whic)m(h)c(means)g(that)h(deriv)-5
b(ativ)m(e)24 b(w)m(orks)f(of)h(the)f(do)s(cumen)m(t)330
2131 y(m)m(ust)34 b(themselv)m(es)h(b)s(e)e(free)h(in)g(the)g(same)g
(sense.)51 b(It)34 b(complemen)m(ts)h(the)f(GNU)g(General)h(Public)330
2240 y(License,)c(whic)m(h)f(is)h(a)f(cop)m(yleft)i(license)g(designed)
e(for)g(free)h(soft)m(w)m(are.)330 2373 y(W)-8 b(e)31
b(ha)m(v)m(e)f(designed)g(this)f(License)h(in)f(order)g(to)i(use)e(it)h
(for)f(man)m(uals)h(for)f(free)h(soft)m(w)m(are,)h(b)s(ecause)330
2483 y(free)42 b(soft)m(w)m(are)i(needs)e(free)g(do)s(cumen)m(tation:)
65 b(a)42 b(free)h(program)f(should)f(come)i(with)f(man)m(uals)330
2592 y(pro)m(viding)29 b(the)g(same)g(freedoms)f(that)i(the)f(soft)m(w)
m(are)h(do)s(es.)40 b(But)29 b(this)f(License)i(is)f(not)g(limited)g
(to)330 2702 y(soft)m(w)m(are)j(man)m(uals;)f(it)g(can)g(b)s(e)f(used)g
(for)g(an)m(y)h(textual)h(w)m(ork,)f(regardless)g(of)g(sub)5
b(ject)30 b(matter)i(or)330 2812 y(whether)f(it)h(is)f(published)f(as)i
(a)f(prin)m(ted)g(b)s(o)s(ok.)44 b(W)-8 b(e)32 b(recommend)f(this)h
(License)g(principally)f(for)330 2921 y(w)m(orks)f(whose)h(purp)s(ose)d
(is)j(instruction)f(or)g(reference.)199 3054 y(1.)61
b(APPLICABILITY)29 b(AND)j(DEFINITIONS)330 3187 y(This)39
b(License)i(applies)f(to)g(an)m(y)h(man)m(ual)f(or)g(other)g(w)m(ork,)i
(in)e(an)m(y)g(medium,)i(that)e(con)m(tains)i(a)330 3297
y(notice)h(placed)f(b)m(y)f(the)h(cop)m(yrigh)m(t)h(holder)e(sa)m(ying)
h(it)g(can)g(b)s(e)f(distributed)f(under)g(the)i(terms)330
3407 y(of)c(this)f(License.)62 b(Suc)m(h)37 b(a)h(notice)h(gran)m(ts)f
(a)g(w)m(orld-wide,)h(ro)m(y)m(alt)m(y-free)i(license,)f(unlimited)d
(in)330 3516 y(duration,)49 b(to)d(use)f(that)g(w)m(ork)h(under)d(the)j
(conditions)f(stated)h(herein.)85 b(The)45 b(\\Do)s(cumen)m(t",)330
3626 y(b)s(elo)m(w,)29 b(refers)f(to)h(an)m(y)g(suc)m(h)f(man)m(ual)h
(or)f(w)m(ork.)40 b(An)m(y)29 b(mem)m(b)s(er)e(of)i(the)f(public)g(is)g
(a)h(licensee,)i(and)330 3735 y(is)25 b(addressed)f(as)h(\\y)m(ou".)40
b(Y)-8 b(ou)26 b(accept)g(the)f(license)h(if)f(y)m(ou)h(cop)m(y)-8
b(,)27 b(mo)s(dify)d(or)h(distribute)g(the)g(w)m(ork)330
3845 y(in)30 b(a)h(w)m(a)m(y)g(requiring)f(p)s(ermission)f(under)g(cop)
m(yrigh)m(t)j(la)m(w.)330 3978 y(A)i(\\Mo)s(di\014ed)f(V)-8
b(ersion")35 b(of)f(the)g(Do)s(cumen)m(t)g(means)g(an)m(y)g(w)m(ork)f
(con)m(taining)j(the)e(Do)s(cumen)m(t)g(or)330 4088 y(a)k(p)s(ortion)f
(of)h(it,)i(either)e(copied)g(v)m(erbatim,)i(or)d(with)h(mo)s
(di\014cations)f(and/or)h(translated)g(in)m(to)330 4197
y(another)31 b(language.)330 4330 y(A)26 b(\\Secondary)g(Section")h(is)
f(a)h(named)e(app)s(endix)f(or)i(a)h(fron)m(t-matter)g(section)g(of)f
(the)g(Do)s(cumen)m(t)330 4440 y(that)c(deals)g(exclusiv)m(ely)h(with)e
(the)g(relationship)h(of)f(the)h(publishers)d(or)i(authors)g(of)h(the)f
(Do)s(cumen)m(t)330 4549 y(to)38 b(the)f(Do)s(cumen)m(t's)i(o)m(v)m
(erall)g(sub)5 b(ject)37 b(\(or)h(to)g(related)g(matters\))g(and)f(con)
m(tains)h(nothing)f(that)330 4659 y(could)j(fall)h(directly)g(within)f
(that)h(o)m(v)m(erall)i(sub)5 b(ject.)70 b(\(Th)m(us,)42
b(if)e(the)h(Do)s(cumen)m(t)g(is)f(in)g(part)h(a)330
4769 y(textb)s(o)s(ok)24 b(of)g(mathematics,)j(a)d(Secondary)f(Section)
h(ma)m(y)g(not)g(explain)g(an)m(y)g(mathematics.\))40
b(The)330 4878 y(relationship)28 b(could)f(b)s(e)g(a)g(matter)i(of)e
(historical)i(connection)f(with)f(the)h(sub)5 b(ject)27
b(or)g(with)g(related)330 4988 y(matters,)38 b(or)d(of)h(legal,)i
(commercial,)h(philosophical,)f(ethical)f(or)e(p)s(olitical)i(p)s
(osition)f(regarding)330 5097 y(them.)330 5230 y(The)25
b(\\In)m(v)-5 b(arian)m(t)27 b(Sections")g(are)f(certain)g(Secondary)g
(Sections)g(whose)f(titles)i(are)f(designated,)i(as)330
5340 y(b)s(eing)e(those)h(of)g(In)m(v)-5 b(arian)m(t)27
b(Sections,)i(in)d(the)h(notice)h(that)f(sa)m(ys)g(that)g(the)g(Do)s
(cumen)m(t)g(is)g(released)p eop end
%%Page: 144 150
TeXDict begin 144 149 bop 150 -116 a Ft(144)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)330 299 y(under)26 b(this)i(License.)40
b(If)27 b(a)h(section)h(do)s(es)f(not)f(\014t)h(the)g(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)h
(de\014nition)e(of)h(Secondary)f(then)h(it)g(is)330 408
y(not)k(allo)m(w)m(ed)i(to)e(b)s(e)g(designated)g(as)g(In)m(v)-5
b(arian)m(t.)46 b(The)31 b(Do)s(cumen)m(t)i(ma)m(y)f(con)m(tain)i(zero)
e(In)m(v)-5 b(arian)m(t)330 518 y(Sections.)39 b(If)25
b(the)f(Do)s(cumen)m(t)i(do)s(es)e(not)h(iden)m(tify)g(an)m(y)g(In)m(v)
-5 b(arian)m(t)25 b(Sections)h(then)e(there)h(are)g(none.)330
669 y(The)36 b(\\Co)m(v)m(er)i(T)-8 b(exts")38 b(are)f(certain)g(short)
g(passages)g(of)g(text)g(that)h(are)f(listed,)i(as)d(F)-8
b(ron)m(t-Co)m(v)m(er)330 778 y(T)g(exts)26 b(or)f(Bac)m(k-Co)m(v)m(er)
j(T)-8 b(exts,)27 b(in)d(the)h(notice)i(that)e(sa)m(ys)h(that)g(the)f
(Do)s(cumen)m(t)h(is)f(released)g(under)330 888 y(this)h(License.)40
b(A)25 b(F)-8 b(ron)m(t-Co)m(v)m(er)29 b(T)-8 b(ext)26
b(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(at)i(most)f(5)g(w)m(ords,)g(and)g(a)g(Bac)m(k-Co)m
(v)m(er)j(T)-8 b(ext)26 b(ma)m(y)330 998 y(b)s(e)k(at)h(most)g(25)g(w)m
(ords.)330 1148 y(A)36 b(\\T)-8 b(ransparen)m(t")36 b(cop)m(y)g(of)g
(the)f(Do)s(cumen)m(t)h(means)g(a)g(mac)m(hine-readable)h(cop)m(y)-8
b(,)38 b(represen)m(ted)330 1258 y(in)d(a)h(format)g(whose)g(sp)s
(eci\014cation)g(is)g(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)38 b(to)f(the)f(general)g
(public,)h(that)f(is)g(suitable)g(for)330 1367 y(revising)c(the)g(do)s
(cumen)m(t)f(straigh)m(tforw)m(ardly)i(with)e(generic)i(text)g(editors)
f(or)f(\(for)h(images)h(com-)330 1477 y(p)s(osed)23 b(of)h(pixels\))g
(generic)h(pain)m(t)f(programs)g(or)f(\(for)h(dra)m(wings\))g(some)g
(widely)g(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)26 b(dra)m(wing)330 1587
y(editor,)k(and)f(that)g(is)g(suitable)h(for)f(input)f(to)i(text)g
(formatters)f(or)g(for)g(automatic)i(translation)f(to)330
1696 y(a)d(v)-5 b(ariet)m(y)28 b(of)f(formats)g(suitable)h(for)e(input)
g(to)i(text)g(formatters.)40 b(A)27 b(cop)m(y)g(made)g(in)g(an)g
(otherwise)330 1806 y(T)-8 b(ransparen)m(t)37 b(\014le)h(format)g
(whose)f(markup,)i(or)e(absence)h(of)g(markup,)g(has)g(b)s(een)f
(arranged)g(to)330 1915 y(th)m(w)m(art)27 b(or)g(discourage)g
(subsequen)m(t)f(mo)s(di\014cation)h(b)m(y)g(readers)f(is)g(not)h(T)-8
b(ransparen)m(t.)39 b(An)27 b(image)330 2025 y(format)35
b(is)f(not)h(T)-8 b(ransparen)m(t)34 b(if)g(used)g(for)g(an)m(y)g
(substan)m(tial)h(amoun)m(t)g(of)g(text.)53 b(A)35 b(cop)m(y)g(that)g
(is)330 2134 y(not)c(\\T)-8 b(ransparen)m(t")31 b(is)f(called)i
(\\Opaque".)330 2285 y(Examples)53 b(of)g(suitable)h(formats)f(for)g(T)
-8 b(ransparen)m(t)53 b(copies)h(include)f(plain)g Fl(asci)r(i)g
Ft(without)330 2395 y(markup,)37 b(T)-8 b(exinfo)36 b(input)f(format,)j
(LaT)1759 2414 y(E)1810 2395 y(X)e(input)f(format,)j
Ff(SGML)f Ft(or)f Ff(XML)g Ft(using)g(a)g(publicly)330
2504 y(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)42 b Ff(DTD)p Ft(,)g(and)d
(standard-conforming)h(simple)g Ff(HTML)p Ft(,)g(P)m(ostScript)h(or)f
Ff(PDF)g Ft(designed)330 2614 y(for)e(h)m(uman)g(mo)s(di\014cation.)65
b(Examples)38 b(of)h(transparen)m(t)f(image)i(formats)e(include)g
Ff(PNG)p Ft(,)h Ff(X)n(CF)330 2724 y Ft(and)h Ff(JPG)p
Ft(.)g(Opaque)h(formats)g(include)f(proprietary)g(formats)h(that)h(can)
f(b)s(e)f(read)g(and)h(edited)330 2833 y(only)54 b(b)m(y)f(proprietary)
h(w)m(ord)f(pro)s(cessors,)59 b Ff(SGML)54 b Ft(or)f
Ff(XML)h Ft(for)g(whic)m(h)f(the)h Ff(DTD)g Ft(and/or)330
2943 y(pro)s(cessing)61 b(to)s(ols)h(are)f(not)g(generally)i(a)m(v)-5
b(ailable,)71 b(and)60 b(the)h(mac)m(hine-generated)j
Ff(HTML)p Ft(,)330 3052 y(P)m(ostScript)31 b(or)f Ff(PDF)h
Ft(pro)s(duced)d(b)m(y)j(some)f(w)m(ord)g(pro)s(cessors)g(for)g(output)
g(purp)s(oses)f(only)-8 b(.)330 3203 y(The)34 b(\\Title)h(P)m(age")i
(means,)e(for)f(a)h(prin)m(ted)f(b)s(o)s(ok,)h(the)f(title)i(page)f
(itself,)h(plus)e(suc)m(h)f(follo)m(wing)330 3313 y(pages)28
b(as)g(are)g(needed)g(to)g(hold,)g(legibly)-8 b(,)30
b(the)e(material)h(this)e(License)i(requires)e(to)h(app)s(ear)f(in)h
(the)330 3422 y(title)g(page.)40 b(F)-8 b(or)28 b(w)m(orks)e(in)g
(formats)h(whic)m(h)g(do)f(not)h(ha)m(v)m(e)h(an)m(y)e(title)j(page)e
(as)g(suc)m(h,)g(\\Title)h(P)m(age")330 3532 y(means)j(the)f(text)i
(near)e(the)h(most)g(prominen)m(t)g(app)s(earance)f(of)h(the)g(w)m
(ork's)g(title,)h(preceding)f(the)330 3641 y(b)s(eginning)f(of)g(the)h
(b)s(o)s(dy)e(of)h(the)h(text.)330 3792 y(The)j(\\publisher")g(means)h
(an)m(y)f(p)s(erson)g(or)h(en)m(tit)m(y)h(that)f(distributes)f(copies)i
(of)e(the)h(Do)s(cumen)m(t)330 3902 y(to)c(the)g(public.)330
4052 y(A)f(section)h(\\En)m(titled)g(XYZ")f(means)f(a)h(named)g
(subunit)e(of)h(the)h(Do)s(cumen)m(t)h(whose)e(title)i(either)330
4162 y(is)d(precisely)g(XYZ)g(or)f(con)m(tains)i(XYZ)f(in)f(paren)m
(theses)i(follo)m(wing)g(text)g(that)f(translates)h(XYZ)e(in)330
4271 y(another)e(language.)40 b(\(Here)26 b(XYZ)f(stands)f(for)h(a)g
(sp)s(eci\014c)g(section)h(name)f(men)m(tioned)h(b)s(elo)m(w,)g(suc)m
(h)330 4381 y(as)i(\\Ac)m(kno)m(wledgemen)m(ts",)33 b(\\Dedications",)e
(\\Endorsemen)m(ts",)e(or)f(\\History".\))42 b(T)-8 b(o)29
b(\\Preserv)m(e)330 4491 y(the)34 b(Title")h(of)e(suc)m(h)h(a)g
(section)g(when)f(y)m(ou)h(mo)s(dify)e(the)i(Do)s(cumen)m(t)h(means)e
(that)h(it)g(remains)g(a)330 4600 y(section)e(\\En)m(titled)f(XYZ")g
(according)g(to)g(this)g(de\014nition.)330 4751 y(The)c(Do)s(cumen)m(t)
i(ma)m(y)f(include)f(W)-8 b(arran)m(t)m(y)30 b(Disclaimers)f(next)f(to)
g(the)g(notice)h(whic)m(h)e(states)i(that)330 4861 y(this)34
b(License)g(applies)g(to)h(the)f(Do)s(cumen)m(t.)52 b(These)33
b(W)-8 b(arran)m(t)m(y)36 b(Disclaimers)f(are)g(considered)e(to)330
4970 y(b)s(e)k(included)g(b)m(y)g(reference)h(in)g(this)f(License,)j
(but)d(only)h(as)g(regards)f(disclaiming)i(w)m(arran)m(ties:)330
5080 y(an)m(y)e(other)g(implication)i(that)e(these)g(W)-8
b(arran)m(t)m(y)39 b(Disclaimers)f(ma)m(y)g(ha)m(v)m(e)g(is)f(v)m(oid)g
(and)f(has)h(no)330 5189 y(e\013ect)32 b(on)e(the)h(meaning)f(of)h
(this)f(License.)199 5340 y(2.)61 b(VERBA)-8 b(TIM)31
b(COPYING)p eop end
%%Page: 145 151
TeXDict begin 145 150 bop 150 -116 a Ft(App)s(endix)29
b(C:)h(GNU)h(F)-8 b(ree)31 b(Do)s(cumen)m(tation)i(License)1560
b(145)330 299 y(Y)-8 b(ou)39 b(ma)m(y)f(cop)m(y)h(and)e(distribute)h
(the)g(Do)s(cumen)m(t)h(in)f(an)m(y)g(medium,)h(either)g(commercially)h
(or)330 408 y(noncommercially)-8 b(,)48 b(pro)m(vided)42
b(that)h(this)f(License,)47 b(the)42 b(cop)m(yrigh)m(t)i(notices,)j
(and)42 b(the)h(license)330 518 y(notice)37 b(sa)m(ying)g(this)e
(License)i(applies)e(to)i(the)f(Do)s(cumen)m(t)g(are)g(repro)s(duced)e
(in)i(all)g(copies,)j(and)330 628 y(that)27 b(y)m(ou)g(add)f(no)h
(other)f(conditions)h(whatso)s(ev)m(er)h(to)f(those)g(of)g(this)f
(License.)40 b(Y)-8 b(ou)27 b(ma)m(y)g(not)g(use)330
737 y(tec)m(hnical)35 b(measures)d(to)i(obstruct)f(or)g(con)m(trol)h
(the)f(reading)g(or)g(further)e(cop)m(ying)j(of)f(the)g(copies)330
847 y(y)m(ou)25 b(mak)m(e)g(or)g(distribute.)38 b(Ho)m(w)m(ev)m(er,)28
b(y)m(ou)d(ma)m(y)g(accept)h(comp)s(ensation)f(in)f(exc)m(hange)j(for)d
(copies.)330 956 y(If)32 b(y)m(ou)g(distribute)g(a)h(large)g(enough)f
(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)h(copies)h(y)m(ou)f(m)m(ust)h(also)g(follo)m(w)g
(the)f(conditions)330 1066 y(in)e(section)i(3.)330 1200
y(Y)-8 b(ou)21 b(ma)m(y)h(also)f(lend)g(copies,)i(under)d(the)h(same)g
(conditions)g(stated)h(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e,)i(and)c(y)m(ou)h(ma)m(y)g
(publicly)330 1310 y(displa)m(y)31 b(copies.)199 1443
y(3.)61 b(COPYING)30 b(IN)g(QUANTITY)330 1577 y(If)25
b(y)m(ou)g(publish)f(prin)m(ted)g(copies)i(\(or)g(copies)g(in)f(media)g
(that)h(commonly)g(ha)m(v)m(e)g(prin)m(ted)f(co)m(v)m(ers\))i(of)330
1687 y(the)32 b(Do)s(cumen)m(t,)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(ering)e(more)h(than)f
(100,)j(and)d(the)h(Do)s(cumen)m(t's)h(license)f(notice)h(requires)330
1797 y(Co)m(v)m(er)i(T)-8 b(exts,)36 b(y)m(ou)f(m)m(ust)f(enclose)i
(the)e(copies)h(in)f(co)m(v)m(ers)i(that)f(carry)-8 b(,)36
b(clearly)f(and)f(legibly)-8 b(,)37 b(all)330 1906 y(these)j(Co)m(v)m
(er)g(T)-8 b(exts:)59 b(F)-8 b(ron)m(t-Co)m(v)m(er)41
b(T)-8 b(exts)40 b(on)f(the)g(fron)m(t)g(co)m(v)m(er,)44
b(and)38 b(Bac)m(k-Co)m(v)m(er)k(T)-8 b(exts)40 b(on)330
2016 y(the)29 b(bac)m(k)h(co)m(v)m(er.)42 b(Both)30 b(co)m(v)m(ers)h(m)
m(ust)e(also)h(clearly)g(and)f(legibly)h(iden)m(tify)f(y)m(ou)h(as)f
(the)h(publisher)330 2125 y(of)k(these)h(copies.)53 b(The)34
b(fron)m(t)h(co)m(v)m(er)h(m)m(ust)e(presen)m(t)g(the)h(full)f(title)i
(with)d(all)j(w)m(ords)d(of)i(the)f(title)330 2235 y(equally)e
(prominen)m(t)e(and)g(visible.)43 b(Y)-8 b(ou)31 b(ma)m(y)g(add)g
(other)g(material)h(on)f(the)g(co)m(v)m(ers)h(in)e(addition.)330
2345 y(Cop)m(ying)36 b(with)g(c)m(hanges)h(limited)g(to)g(the)g(co)m(v)
m(ers,)i(as)d(long)h(as)g(they)f(preserv)m(e)g(the)h(title)g(of)g(the)
330 2454 y(Do)s(cumen)m(t)h(and)e(satisfy)i(these)f(conditions,)j(can)d
(b)s(e)g(treated)h(as)f(v)m(erbatim)h(cop)m(ying)g(in)f(other)330
2564 y(resp)s(ects.)330 2698 y(If)32 b(the)h(required)f(texts)i(for)e
(either)h(co)m(v)m(er)i(are)e(to)s(o)g(v)m(oluminous)g(to)g(\014t)g
(legibly)-8 b(,)35 b(y)m(ou)e(should)f(put)330 2807 y(the)h(\014rst)f
(ones)h(listed)g(\(as)h(man)m(y)f(as)g(\014t)g(reasonably\))g(on)g(the)
g(actual)h(co)m(v)m(er,)h(and)e(con)m(tin)m(ue)h(the)330
2917 y(rest)d(on)m(to)g(adjacen)m(t)h(pages.)330 3051
y(If)27 b(y)m(ou)g(publish)e(or)i(distribute)g(Opaque)f(copies)i(of)f
(the)h(Do)s(cumen)m(t)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(ering)f(more)i(than)e(100,)330
3160 y(y)m(ou)i(m)m(ust)g(either)h(include)e(a)i(mac)m(hine-readable)g
(T)-8 b(ransparen)m(t)28 b(cop)m(y)h(along)g(with)e(eac)m(h)i(Opaque)
330 3270 y(cop)m(y)-8 b(,)38 b(or)d(state)h(in)f(or)g(with)g(eac)m(h)h
(Opaque)e(cop)m(y)i(a)g(computer-net)m(w)m(ork)g(lo)s(cation)h(from)d
(whic)m(h)330 3380 y(the)24 b(general)i(net)m(w)m(ork-using)f(public)e
(has)h(access)i(to)f(do)m(wnload)f(using)g(public-standard)f(net)m(w)m
(ork)330 3489 y(proto)s(cols)40 b(a)f(complete)h(T)-8
b(ransparen)m(t)39 b(cop)m(y)g(of)g(the)h(Do)s(cumen)m(t,)i(free)d(of)g
(added)f(material.)67 b(If)330 3599 y(y)m(ou)39 b(use)g(the)g(latter)h
(option,)h(y)m(ou)f(m)m(ust)e(tak)m(e)j(reasonably)e(pruden)m(t)e
(steps,)k(when)d(y)m(ou)h(b)s(egin)330 3708 y(distribution)f(of)g
(Opaque)g(copies)h(in)e(quan)m(tit)m(y)-8 b(,)43 b(to)38
b(ensure)g(that)h(this)f(T)-8 b(ransparen)m(t)38 b(cop)m(y)h(will)330
3818 y(remain)30 b(th)m(us)g(accessible)i(at)f(the)f(stated)h(lo)s
(cation)h(un)m(til)e(at)h(least)h(one)e(y)m(ear)h(after)g(the)f(last)h
(time)330 3927 y(y)m(ou)37 b(distribute)f(an)h(Opaque)f(cop)m(y)i
(\(directly)g(or)e(through)g(y)m(our)h(agen)m(ts)h(or)f(retailers\))h
(of)f(that)330 4037 y(edition)31 b(to)g(the)g(public.)330
4171 y(It)k(is)f(requested,)i(but)e(not)h(required,)g(that)g(y)m(ou)g
(con)m(tact)h(the)f(authors)f(of)h(the)g(Do)s(cumen)m(t)g(w)m(ell)330
4281 y(b)s(efore)28 b(redistributing)g(an)m(y)h(large)h(n)m(um)m(b)s
(er)d(of)i(copies,)h(to)f(giv)m(e)h(them)f(a)g(c)m(hance)h(to)f(pro)m
(vide)g(y)m(ou)330 4390 y(with)h(an)g(up)s(dated)f(v)m(ersion)i(of)g
(the)f(Do)s(cumen)m(t.)199 4524 y(4.)61 b(MODIFICA)-8
b(TIONS)330 4658 y(Y)g(ou)26 b(ma)m(y)g(cop)m(y)g(and)f(distribute)g(a)
h(Mo)s(di\014ed)f(V)-8 b(ersion)26 b(of)g(the)g(Do)s(cumen)m(t)g(under)
e(the)h(conditions)330 4768 y(of)c(sections)h(2)g(and)e(3)h(ab)s(o)m(v)
m(e,)k(pro)m(vided)20 b(that)i(y)m(ou)f(release)i(the)e(Mo)s(di\014ed)f
(V)-8 b(ersion)22 b(under)d(precisely)330 4877 y(this)29
b(License,)h(with)f(the)g(Mo)s(di\014ed)f(V)-8 b(ersion)30
b(\014lling)f(the)g(role)h(of)f(the)g(Do)s(cumen)m(t,)h(th)m(us)f
(licensing)330 4987 y(distribution)k(and)h(mo)s(di\014cation)g(of)h
(the)f(Mo)s(di\014ed)f(V)-8 b(ersion)35 b(to)g(who)s(ev)m(er)f(p)s
(ossesses)f(a)i(cop)m(y)g(of)330 5096 y(it.)41 b(In)30
b(addition,)h(y)m(ou)f(m)m(ust)h(do)f(these)h(things)f(in)g(the)h(Mo)s
(di\014ed)e(V)-8 b(ersion:)357 5230 y(A.)60 b(Use)33
b(in)f(the)h(Title)h(P)m(age)g(\(and)f(on)f(the)h(co)m(v)m(ers,)i(if)e
(an)m(y\))g(a)g(title)h(distinct)f(from)g(that)g(of)g(the)510
5340 y(Do)s(cumen)m(t,)j(and)d(from)g(those)i(of)f(previous)f(v)m
(ersions)h(\(whic)m(h)g(should,)g(if)g(there)g(w)m(ere)g(an)m(y)-8
b(,)p eop end
%%Page: 146 152
TeXDict begin 146 151 bop 150 -116 a Ft(146)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)510 299 y(b)s(e)g(listed)h(in)f(the)g(History)h
(section)g(of)g(the)f(Do)s(cumen)m(t\).)45 b(Y)-8 b(ou)32
b(ma)m(y)g(use)f(the)g(same)h(title)h(as)510 408 y(a)e(previous)f(v)m
(ersion)g(if)h(the)f(original)i(publisher)d(of)h(that)h(v)m(ersion)g
(giv)m(es)h(p)s(ermission.)360 545 y(B.)61 b(List)31
b(on)f(the)h(Title)g(P)m(age,)i(as)d(authors,)h(one)g(or)f(more)h(p)s
(ersons)e(or)h(en)m(tities)j(resp)s(onsible)c(for)510
655 y(authorship)c(of)h(the)h(mo)s(di\014cations)f(in)g(the)g(Mo)s
(di\014ed)f(V)-8 b(ersion,)28 b(together)g(with)d(at)i(least)h(\014v)m
(e)510 765 y(of)c(the)g(principal)g(authors)f(of)i(the)f(Do)s(cumen)m
(t)g(\(all)h(of)g(its)f(principal)g(authors,)h(if)f(it)g(has)g(few)m
(er)510 874 y(than)30 b(\014v)m(e\),)h(unless)f(they)h(release)g(y)m
(ou)g(from)f(this)g(requiremen)m(t.)359 1011 y(C.)60
b(State)32 b(on)e(the)h(Title)h(page)f(the)g(name)g(of)g(the)g
(publisher)e(of)i(the)g(Mo)s(di\014ed)f(V)-8 b(ersion,)32
b(as)f(the)510 1121 y(publisher.)355 1258 y(D.)61 b(Preserv)m(e)31
b(all)g(the)g(cop)m(yrigh)m(t)h(notices)f(of)g(the)f(Do)s(cumen)m(t.)
363 1395 y(E.)60 b(Add)30 b(an)i(appropriate)f(cop)m(yrigh)m(t)i
(notice)f(for)g(y)m(our)f(mo)s(di\014cations)g(adjacen)m(t)i(to)f(the)g
(other)510 1504 y(cop)m(yrigh)m(t)g(notices.)365 1641
y(F.)61 b(Include,)28 b(immediately)h(after)f(the)h(cop)m(yrigh)m(t)g
(notices,)h(a)e(license)h(notice)g(giving)g(the)f(public)510
1751 y(p)s(ermission)23 b(to)j(use)e(the)g(Mo)s(di\014ed)g(V)-8
b(ersion)25 b(under)e(the)i(terms)f(of)h(this)f(License,)j(in)d(the)g
(form)510 1861 y(sho)m(wn)30 b(in)g(the)g(Addendum)f(b)s(elo)m(w.)353
1998 y(G.)61 b(Preserv)m(e)23 b(in)g(that)g(license)h(notice)g(the)f
(full)g(lists)g(of)g(In)m(v)-5 b(arian)m(t)23 b(Sections)h(and)e
(required)g(Co)m(v)m(er)510 2107 y(T)-8 b(exts)31 b(giv)m(en)g(in)f
(the)h(Do)s(cumen)m(t's)g(license)h(notice.)357 2244
y(H.)60 b(Include)30 b(an)g(unaltered)g(cop)m(y)h(of)g(this)f(License.)
392 2381 y(I.)60 b(Preserv)m(e)33 b(the)f(section)h(En)m(titled)g
(\\History",)h(Preserv)m(e)f(its)f(Title,)i(and)d(add)h(to)h(it)f(an)g
(item)510 2491 y(stating)d(at)g(least)g(the)g(title,)h(y)m(ear,)g(new)d
(authors,)i(and)e(publisher)f(of)j(the)f(Mo)s(di\014ed)f(V)-8
b(ersion)510 2600 y(as)32 b(giv)m(en)g(on)f(the)h(Title)g(P)m(age.)45
b(If)31 b(there)h(is)f(no)g(section)i(En)m(titled)f(\\History")h(in)e
(the)g(Do)s(cu-)510 2710 y(men)m(t,)37 b(create)f(one)f(stating)h(the)f
(title,)i(y)m(ear,)g(authors,)f(and)e(publisher)f(of)i(the)g(Do)s
(cumen)m(t)510 2819 y(as)h(giv)m(en)h(on)f(its)h(Title)g(P)m(age,)i
(then)d(add)g(an)g(item)g(describing)g(the)g(Mo)s(di\014ed)g(V)-8
b(ersion)37 b(as)510 2929 y(stated)31 b(in)f(the)h(previous)f(sen)m
(tence.)378 3066 y(J.)60 b(Preserv)m(e)33 b(the)g(net)m(w)m(ork)g(lo)s
(cation,)i(if)d(an)m(y)-8 b(,)34 b(giv)m(en)f(in)g(the)f(Do)s(cumen)m
(t)h(for)g(public)e(access)j(to)510 3176 y(a)e(T)-8 b(ransparen)m(t)30
b(cop)m(y)i(of)g(the)f(Do)s(cumen)m(t,)h(and)f(lik)m(ewise)h(the)g(net)
m(w)m(ork)g(lo)s(cations)g(giv)m(en)g(in)510 3285 y(the)g(Do)s(cumen)m
(t)g(for)g(previous)f(v)m(ersions)h(it)g(w)m(as)g(based)f(on.)45
b(These)31 b(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(placed)h(in)g(the)510 3395
y(\\History")27 b(section.)40 b(Y)-8 b(ou)25 b(ma)m(y)h(omit)g(a)f(net)
m(w)m(ork)h(lo)s(cation)g(for)f(a)h(w)m(ork)f(that)g(w)m(as)h
(published)510 3504 y(at)36 b(least)h(four)e(y)m(ears)i(b)s(efore)e
(the)h(Do)s(cumen)m(t)h(itself,)h(or)d(if)h(the)g(original)h(publisher)
d(of)i(the)510 3614 y(v)m(ersion)31 b(it)g(refers)f(to)h(giv)m(es)h(p)s
(ermission.)354 3751 y(K.)60 b(F)-8 b(or)24 b(an)m(y)h(section)f(En)m
(titled)h(\\Ac)m(kno)m(wledgemen)m(ts")i(or)d(\\Dedications",)k
(Preserv)m(e)c(the)g(Title)510 3861 y(of)j(the)f(section,)j(and)d
(preserv)m(e)h(in)f(the)h(section)g(all)h(the)e(substance)h(and)f(tone)
h(of)f(eac)m(h)i(of)f(the)510 3970 y(con)m(tributor)k(ac)m(kno)m
(wledgemen)m(ts)i(and/or)d(dedications)h(giv)m(en)h(therein.)368
4107 y(L.)60 b(Preserv)m(e)36 b(all)g(the)g(In)m(v)-5
b(arian)m(t)36 b(Sections)g(of)f(the)h(Do)s(cumen)m(t,)h(unaltered)f
(in)f(their)g(text)i(and)510 4217 y(in)f(their)g(titles.)58
b(Section)37 b(n)m(um)m(b)s(ers)d(or)i(the)g(equiv)-5
b(alen)m(t)38 b(are)e(not)g(considered)g(part)g(of)g(the)510
4326 y(section)c(titles.)341 4463 y(M.)61 b(Delete)33
b(an)m(y)e(section)h(En)m(titled)f(\\Endorsemen)m(ts".)42
b(Suc)m(h)30 b(a)i(section)f(ma)m(y)h(not)f(b)s(e)f(included)510
4573 y(in)g(the)h(Mo)s(di\014ed)e(V)-8 b(ersion.)357
4710 y(N.)60 b(Do)29 b(not)g(retitle)h(an)m(y)e(existing)i(section)f
(to)g(b)s(e)f(En)m(titled)h(\\Endorsemen)m(ts")g(or)f(to)h(con\015ict)g
(in)510 4819 y(title)j(with)e(an)m(y)h(In)m(v)-5 b(arian)m(t)31
b(Section.)354 4956 y(O.)60 b(Preserv)m(e)31 b(an)m(y)g(W)-8
b(arran)m(t)m(y)32 b(Disclaimers.)330 5121 y(If)h(the)g(Mo)s(di\014ed)g
(V)-8 b(ersion)34 b(includes)f(new)g(fron)m(t-matter)i(sections)f(or)f
(app)s(endices)g(that)h(qualify)330 5230 y(as)28 b(Secondary)g
(Sections)g(and)f(con)m(tain)j(no)d(material)j(copied)e(from)f(the)h
(Do)s(cumen)m(t,)i(y)m(ou)e(ma)m(y)g(at)330 5340 y(y)m(our)k(option)h
(designate)h(some)e(or)h(all)g(of)f(these)h(sections)h(as)e(in)m(v)-5
b(arian)m(t.)48 b(T)-8 b(o)33 b(do)f(this,)h(add)f(their)p
eop end
%%Page: 147 153
TeXDict begin 147 152 bop 150 -116 a Ft(App)s(endix)29
b(C:)h(GNU)h(F)-8 b(ree)31 b(Do)s(cumen)m(tation)i(License)1560
b(147)330 299 y(titles)37 b(to)f(the)f(list)h(of)g(In)m(v)-5
b(arian)m(t)36 b(Sections)g(in)f(the)h(Mo)s(di\014ed)f(V)-8
b(ersion's)36 b(license)g(notice.)57 b(These)330 408
y(titles)32 b(m)m(ust)e(b)s(e)g(distinct)h(from)e(an)m(y)i(other)g
(section)g(titles.)330 551 y(Y)-8 b(ou)43 b(ma)m(y)g(add)f(a)g(section)
i(En)m(titled)f(\\Endorsemen)m(ts",)j(pro)m(vided)c(it)h(con)m(tains)g
(nothing)g(but)330 661 y(endorsemen)m(ts)30 b(of)g(y)m(our)f(Mo)s
(di\014ed)g(V)-8 b(ersion)31 b(b)m(y)e(v)-5 b(arious)30
b(parties|for)g(example,)g(statemen)m(ts)i(of)330 770
y(p)s(eer)27 b(review)g(or)g(that)h(the)f(text)i(has)d(b)s(een)h(appro)
m(v)m(ed)g(b)m(y)g(an)h(organization)h(as)e(the)h(authoritativ)m(e)330
880 y(de\014nition)i(of)h(a)f(standard.)330 1022 y(Y)-8
b(ou)29 b(ma)m(y)g(add)e(a)i(passage)g(of)g(up)e(to)i(\014v)m(e)g(w)m
(ords)e(as)i(a)g(F)-8 b(ron)m(t-Co)m(v)m(er)30 b(T)-8
b(ext,)30 b(and)e(a)g(passage)i(of)e(up)330 1132 y(to)g(25)g(w)m(ords)e
(as)i(a)f(Bac)m(k-Co)m(v)m(er)j(T)-8 b(ext,)29 b(to)f(the)f(end)f(of)i
(the)f(list)h(of)f(Co)m(v)m(er)h(T)-8 b(exts)27 b(in)g(the)h(Mo)s
(di\014ed)330 1241 y(V)-8 b(ersion.)58 b(Only)35 b(one)h(passage)h(of)f
(F)-8 b(ron)m(t-Co)m(v)m(er)38 b(T)-8 b(ext)36 b(and)g(one)g(of)g(Bac)m
(k-Co)m(v)m(er)j(T)-8 b(ext)36 b(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)330 1351
y(added)27 b(b)m(y)g(\(or)h(through)f(arrangemen)m(ts)h(made)g(b)m(y\))
g(an)m(y)g(one)f(en)m(tit)m(y)-8 b(.)42 b(If)27 b(the)h(Do)s(cumen)m(t)
g(already)330 1461 y(includes)34 b(a)g(co)m(v)m(er)h(text)g(for)f(the)g
(same)h(co)m(v)m(er,)h(previously)e(added)f(b)m(y)h(y)m(ou)g(or)g(b)m
(y)g(arrangemen)m(t)330 1570 y(made)h(b)m(y)g(the)h(same)f(en)m(tit)m
(y)i(y)m(ou)f(are)f(acting)i(on)e(b)s(ehalf)f(of,)j(y)m(ou)f(ma)m(y)g
(not)f(add)g(another;)j(but)330 1680 y(y)m(ou)c(ma)m(y)h(replace)g(the)
f(old)g(one,)i(on)e(explicit)h(p)s(ermission)e(from)g(the)i(previous)e
(publisher)f(that)330 1789 y(added)e(the)g(old)h(one.)330
1932 y(The)25 b(author\(s\))h(and)f(publisher\(s\))f(of)i(the)f(Do)s
(cumen)m(t)h(do)g(not)f(b)m(y)h(this)f(License)h(giv)m(e)h(p)s
(ermission)330 2041 y(to)k(use)f(their)g(names)h(for)f(publicit)m(y)g
(for)h(or)f(to)h(assert)g(or)f(imply)g(endorsemen)m(t)g(of)h(an)m(y)g
(Mo)s(di\014ed)330 2151 y(V)-8 b(ersion.)199 2293 y(5.)61
b(COMBINING)31 b(DOCUMENTS)330 2436 y(Y)-8 b(ou)39 b(ma)m(y)g(com)m
(bine)h(the)f(Do)s(cumen)m(t)g(with)g(other)f(do)s(cumen)m(ts)h
(released)g(under)f(this)g(License,)330 2545 y(under)f(the)h(terms)g
(de\014ned)f(in)h(section)h(4)g(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)g(for)f(mo)s(di\014ed)f
(v)m(ersions,)k(pro)m(vided)d(that)h(y)m(ou)330 2655
y(include)25 b(in)g(the)g(com)m(bination)i(all)f(of)g(the)f(In)m(v)-5
b(arian)m(t)26 b(Sections)g(of)g(all)g(of)f(the)h(original)g(do)s
(cumen)m(ts,)330 2765 y(unmo)s(di\014ed,)g(and)g(list)h(them)g(all)g
(as)g(In)m(v)-5 b(arian)m(t)28 b(Sections)f(of)g(y)m(our)g(com)m(bined)
g(w)m(ork)f(in)h(its)g(license)330 2874 y(notice,)32
b(and)e(that)h(y)m(ou)f(preserv)m(e)h(all)g(their)g(W)-8
b(arran)m(t)m(y)32 b(Disclaimers.)330 3017 y(The)e(com)m(bined)g(w)m
(ork)h(need)e(only)i(con)m(tain)g(one)g(cop)m(y)g(of)f(this)g(License,)
i(and)d(m)m(ultiple)i(iden)m(tical)330 3126 y(In)m(v)-5
b(arian)m(t)33 b(Sections)g(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(replaced)h(with)f(a)h
(single)g(cop)m(y)-8 b(.)48 b(If)32 b(there)h(are)g(m)m(ultiple)g(In)m
(v)-5 b(arian)m(t)330 3236 y(Sections)27 b(with)g(the)g(same)g(name)g
(but)f(di\013eren)m(t)h(con)m(ten)m(ts,)i(mak)m(e)f(the)f(title)h(of)f
(eac)m(h)h(suc)m(h)f(section)330 3345 y(unique)33 b(b)m(y)h(adding)f
(at)i(the)f(end)g(of)g(it,)h(in)f(paren)m(theses,)i(the)e(name)g(of)g
(the)g(original)h(author)f(or)330 3455 y(publisher)23
b(of)i(that)h(section)g(if)f(kno)m(wn,)h(or)f(else)h(a)f(unique)f(n)m
(um)m(b)s(er.)38 b(Mak)m(e)26 b(the)g(same)f(adjustmen)m(t)330
3565 y(to)g(the)g(section)g(titles)h(in)e(the)h(list)g(of)f(In)m(v)-5
b(arian)m(t)26 b(Sections)f(in)f(the)g(license)i(notice)g(of)e(the)h
(com)m(bined)330 3674 y(w)m(ork.)330 3817 y(In)41 b(the)g(com)m
(bination,)46 b(y)m(ou)41 b(m)m(ust)g(com)m(bine)h(an)m(y)g(sections)g
(En)m(titled)g(\\History")h(in)e(the)g(v)-5 b(ari-)330
3926 y(ous)32 b(original)h(do)s(cumen)m(ts,)g(forming)f(one)g(section)h
(En)m(titled)g(\\History";)i(lik)m(ewise)f(com)m(bine)f(an)m(y)330
4036 y(sections)g(En)m(titled)f(\\Ac)m(kno)m(wledgemen)m(ts",)k(and)31
b(an)m(y)h(sections)h(En)m(titled)g(\\Dedications".)47
b(Y)-8 b(ou)330 4145 y(m)m(ust)30 b(delete)i(all)f(sections)h(En)m
(titled)f(\\Endorsemen)m(ts.")199 4288 y(6.)61 b(COLLECTIONS)28
b(OF)i(DOCUMENTS)330 4430 y(Y)-8 b(ou)32 b(ma)m(y)h(mak)m(e)g(a)f
(collection)i(consisting)f(of)f(the)g(Do)s(cumen)m(t)g(and)g(other)g
(do)s(cumen)m(ts)f(released)330 4540 y(under)41 b(this)h(License,)k
(and)c(replace)h(the)g(individual)f(copies)h(of)f(this)g(License)h(in)f
(the)h(v)-5 b(arious)330 4650 y(do)s(cumen)m(ts)42 b(with)g(a)h(single)
g(cop)m(y)h(that)f(is)f(included)g(in)g(the)h(collection,)48
b(pro)m(vided)42 b(that)i(y)m(ou)330 4759 y(follo)m(w)38
b(the)g(rules)e(of)h(this)g(License)h(for)f(v)m(erbatim)h(cop)m(ying)g
(of)f(eac)m(h)h(of)f(the)h(do)s(cumen)m(ts)e(in)h(all)330
4869 y(other)31 b(resp)s(ects.)330 5011 y(Y)-8 b(ou)32
b(ma)m(y)g(extract)h(a)f(single)g(do)s(cumen)m(t)f(from)g(suc)m(h)g(a)h
(collection,)i(and)d(distribute)g(it)h(individu-)330
5121 y(ally)k(under)d(this)i(License,)i(pro)m(vided)e(y)m(ou)g(insert)g
(a)g(cop)m(y)h(of)f(this)g(License)g(in)m(to)h(the)g(extracted)330
5230 y(do)s(cumen)m(t,)d(and)f(follo)m(w)i(this)e(License)h(in)g(all)g
(other)g(resp)s(ects)f(regarding)h(v)m(erbatim)g(cop)m(ying)h(of)330
5340 y(that)d(do)s(cumen)m(t.)p eop end
%%Page: 148 154
TeXDict begin 148 153 bop 150 -116 a Ft(148)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)199 299 y(7.)61 b(A)m(GGREGA)-8
b(TION)32 b(WITH)e(INDEPENDENT)h(W)m(ORKS)330 441 y(A)d(compilation)i
(of)e(the)g(Do)s(cumen)m(t)h(or)f(its)g(deriv)-5 b(ativ)m(es)30
b(with)d(other)i(separate)g(and)e(indep)s(enden)m(t)330
551 y(do)s(cumen)m(ts)33 b(or)g(w)m(orks,)h(in)f(or)h(on)f(a)g(v)m
(olume)h(of)g(a)f(storage)i(or)e(distribution)g(medium,)g(is)h(called)
330 661 y(an)c(\\aggregate")k(if)c(the)g(cop)m(yrigh)m(t)i(resulting)e
(from)f(the)i(compilation)g(is)f(not)h(used)e(to)i(limit)g(the)330
770 y(legal)d(righ)m(ts)f(of)g(the)g(compilation's)h(users)e(b)s(ey)m
(ond)g(what)g(the)h(individual)f(w)m(orks)g(p)s(ermit.)39
b(When)330 880 y(the)g(Do)s(cumen)m(t)g(is)f(included)g(in)g(an)g
(aggregate,)44 b(this)38 b(License)h(do)s(es)f(not)h(apply)f(to)h(the)g
(other)330 989 y(w)m(orks)30 b(in)g(the)h(aggregate)i(whic)m(h)d(are)h
(not)g(themselv)m(es)g(deriv)-5 b(ativ)m(e)32 b(w)m(orks)f(of)f(the)h
(Do)s(cumen)m(t.)330 1132 y(If)22 b(the)h(Co)m(v)m(er)h(T)-8
b(ext)23 b(requiremen)m(t)g(of)g(section)h(3)f(is)g(applicable)h(to)f
(these)h(copies)f(of)g(the)g(Do)s(cumen)m(t,)330 1241
y(then)f(if)g(the)h(Do)s(cumen)m(t)g(is)g(less)f(than)g(one)h(half)f
(of)h(the)g(en)m(tire)g(aggregate,)k(the)c(Do)s(cumen)m(t's)g(Co)m(v)m
(er)330 1351 y(T)-8 b(exts)27 b(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(placed)h(on)g(co)m(v)m
(ers)h(that)f(brac)m(k)m(et)h(the)f(Do)s(cumen)m(t)g(within)f(the)h
(aggregate,)j(or)d(the)330 1461 y(electronic)37 b(equiv)-5
b(alen)m(t)36 b(of)g(co)m(v)m(ers)g(if)f(the)g(Do)s(cumen)m(t)h(is)f
(in)g(electronic)i(form.)54 b(Otherwise)35 b(they)330
1570 y(m)m(ust)30 b(app)s(ear)g(on)g(prin)m(ted)g(co)m(v)m(ers)i(that)f
(brac)m(k)m(et)h(the)f(whole)f(aggregate.)199 1713 y(8.)61
b(TRANSLA)-8 b(TION)330 1855 y(T)g(ranslation)41 b(is)f(considered)f(a)
i(kind)e(of)h(mo)s(di\014cation,)j(so)d(y)m(ou)g(ma)m(y)h(distribute)e
(translations)330 1965 y(of)45 b(the)f(Do)s(cumen)m(t)h(under)e(the)h
(terms)h(of)f(section)i(4.)83 b(Replacing)45 b(In)m(v)-5
b(arian)m(t)45 b(Sections)g(with)330 2074 y(translations)h(requires)f
(sp)s(ecial)h(p)s(ermission)f(from)g(their)g(cop)m(yrigh)m(t)i
(holders,)i(but)c(y)m(ou)g(ma)m(y)330 2184 y(include)24
b(translations)i(of)e(some)h(or)g(all)g(In)m(v)-5 b(arian)m(t)25
b(Sections)g(in)f(addition)h(to)g(the)g(original)h(v)m(ersions)330
2293 y(of)32 b(these)f(In)m(v)-5 b(arian)m(t)33 b(Sections.)44
b(Y)-8 b(ou)32 b(ma)m(y)g(include)f(a)h(translation)g(of)g(this)f
(License,)i(and)d(all)j(the)330 2403 y(license)42 b(notices)g(in)f(the)
h(Do)s(cumen)m(t,)j(and)40 b(an)m(y)i(W)-8 b(arran)m(t)m(y)42
b(Disclaimers,)k(pro)m(vided)41 b(that)h(y)m(ou)330 2513
y(also)f(include)f(the)g(original)h(English)f(v)m(ersion)g(of)g(this)g
(License)h(and)e(the)h(original)h(v)m(ersions)g(of)330
2622 y(those)35 b(notices)g(and)e(disclaimers.)53 b(In)33
b(case)i(of)g(a)f(disagreemen)m(t)h(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)g(the)f
(translation)i(and)330 2732 y(the)f(original)i(v)m(ersion)e(of)h(this)f
(License)h(or)f(a)g(notice)i(or)e(disclaimer,)i(the)f(original)g(v)m
(ersion)g(will)330 2841 y(prev)-5 b(ail.)330 2984 y(If)28
b(a)h(section)h(in)e(the)h(Do)s(cumen)m(t)h(is)e(En)m(titled)i(\\Ac)m
(kno)m(wledgemen)m(ts",)i(\\Dedications",)g(or)d(\\His-)330
3093 y(tory",)f(the)f(requiremen)m(t)f(\(section)i(4\))f(to)g(Preserv)m
(e)g(its)f(Title)i(\(section)f(1\))g(will)g(t)m(ypically)h(require)330
3203 y(c)m(hanging)j(the)g(actual)h(title.)199 3345 y(9.)61
b(TERMINA)-8 b(TION)330 3488 y(Y)g(ou)30 b(ma)m(y)h(not)f(cop)m(y)-8
b(,)31 b(mo)s(dify)-8 b(,)30 b(sublicense,)g(or)g(distribute)f(the)h
(Do)s(cumen)m(t)g(except)h(as)f(expressly)330 3598 y(pro)m(vided)38
b(under)f(this)i(License.)65 b(An)m(y)39 b(attempt)h(otherwise)f(to)g
(cop)m(y)-8 b(,)42 b(mo)s(dify)-8 b(,)40 b(sublicense,)h(or)330
3707 y(distribute)30 b(it)h(is)f(v)m(oid,)h(and)f(will)h(automatically)
i(terminate)f(y)m(our)e(righ)m(ts)h(under)e(this)h(License.)330
3850 y(Ho)m(w)m(ev)m(er,)35 b(if)e(y)m(ou)f(cease)i(all)f(violation)i
(of)d(this)g(License,)i(then)e(y)m(our)h(license)g(from)f(a)h
(particular)330 3959 y(cop)m(yrigh)m(t)k(holder)e(is)h(reinstated)h
(\(a\))f(pro)m(visionally)-8 b(,)39 b(unless)c(and)g(un)m(til)h(the)g
(cop)m(yrigh)m(t)h(holder)330 4069 y(explicitly)42 b(and)e(\014nally)h
(terminates)g(y)m(our)g(license,)j(and)c(\(b\))h(p)s(ermanen)m(tly)-8
b(,)43 b(if)e(the)g(cop)m(yrigh)m(t)330 4178 y(holder)34
b(fails)h(to)g(notify)g(y)m(ou)g(of)f(the)h(violation)h(b)m(y)e(some)h
(reasonable)g(means)g(prior)e(to)i(60)h(da)m(ys)330 4288
y(after)31 b(the)f(cessation.)330 4430 y(Moreo)m(v)m(er,)k(y)m(our)d
(license)i(from)e(a)h(particular)f(cop)m(yrigh)m(t)i(holder)e(is)h
(reinstated)g(p)s(ermanen)m(tly)f(if)330 4540 y(the)d(cop)m(yrigh)m(t)h
(holder)f(noti\014es)g(y)m(ou)g(of)g(the)g(violation)h(b)m(y)f(some)g
(reasonable)h(means,)f(this)g(is)g(the)330 4650 y(\014rst)f(time)i(y)m
(ou)f(ha)m(v)m(e)h(receiv)m(ed)g(notice)g(of)f(violation)i(of)e(this)f
(License)i(\(for)f(an)m(y)g(w)m(ork\))g(from)f(that)330
4759 y(cop)m(yrigh)m(t)33 b(holder,)g(and)e(y)m(ou)h(cure)g(the)g
(violation)i(prior)d(to)i(30)f(da)m(ys)h(after)f(y)m(our)g(receipt)h
(of)f(the)330 4869 y(notice.)330 5011 y(T)-8 b(ermination)28
b(of)g(y)m(our)f(righ)m(ts)h(under)e(this)i(section)g(do)s(es)f(not)h
(terminate)h(the)e(licenses)i(of)f(parties)330 5121 y(who)38
b(ha)m(v)m(e)h(receiv)m(ed)h(copies)e(or)h(righ)m(ts)f(from)g(y)m(ou)g
(under)f(this)h(License.)64 b(If)38 b(y)m(our)g(righ)m(ts)h(ha)m(v)m(e)
330 5230 y(b)s(een)25 b(terminated)i(and)e(not)h(p)s(ermanen)m(tly)g
(reinstated,)i(receipt)f(of)f(a)g(cop)m(y)h(of)f(some)h(or)f(all)h(of)f
(the)330 5340 y(same)31 b(material)h(do)s(es)e(not)g(giv)m(e)i(y)m(ou)f
(an)m(y)g(righ)m(ts)f(to)i(use)e(it.)p eop end
%%Page: 149 155
TeXDict begin 149 154 bop 150 -116 a Ft(App)s(endix)29
b(C:)h(GNU)h(F)-8 b(ree)31 b(Do)s(cumen)m(tation)i(License)1560
b(149)154 299 y(10.)61 b(FUTURE)30 b(REVISIONS)f(OF)i(THIS)e(LICENSE)
330 433 y(The)41 b(F)-8 b(ree)43 b(Soft)m(w)m(are)f(F)-8
b(oundation)43 b(ma)m(y)f(publish)e(new,)k(revised)d(v)m(ersions)h(of)g
(the)g(GNU)g(F)-8 b(ree)330 543 y(Do)s(cumen)m(tation)34
b(License)e(from)g(time)h(to)g(time.)46 b(Suc)m(h)31
b(new)h(v)m(ersions)g(will)h(b)s(e)e(similar)h(in)g(spirit)330
653 y(to)j(the)g(presen)m(t)f(v)m(ersion,)i(but)e(ma)m(y)h(di\013er)f
(in)g(detail)h(to)g(address)f(new)g(problems)f(or)i(concerns.)330
762 y(See)c Fs(http://www.gnu.org/copy)o(left)o(/)p Ft(.)330
897 y(Eac)m(h)f(v)m(ersion)g(of)g(the)f(License)h(is)g(giv)m(en)g(a)g
(distinguishing)f(v)m(ersion)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er.)39 b(If)29
b(the)g(Do)s(cumen)m(t)330 1006 y(sp)s(eci\014es)45 b(that)h(a)g
(particular)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(ered)f(v)m(ersion)i(of)f(this)g(License)h
(\\or)g(an)m(y)g(later)g(v)m(ersion")330 1116 y(applies)33
b(to)g(it,)h(y)m(ou)e(ha)m(v)m(e)i(the)f(option)g(of)f(follo)m(wing)i
(the)f(terms)f(and)g(conditions)h(either)g(of)f(that)330
1225 y(sp)s(eci\014ed)37 b(v)m(ersion)i(or)e(of)h(an)m(y)h(later)g(v)m
(ersion)f(that)g(has)g(b)s(een)f(published)f(\(not)j(as)f(a)g(draft\))g
(b)m(y)330 1335 y(the)33 b(F)-8 b(ree)34 b(Soft)m(w)m(are)f(F)-8
b(oundation.)49 b(If)32 b(the)h(Do)s(cumen)m(t)g(do)s(es)g(not)g(sp)s
(ecify)f(a)h(v)m(ersion)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)330 1445
y(this)i(License,)j(y)m(ou)d(ma)m(y)i(c)m(ho)s(ose)f(an)m(y)g(v)m
(ersion)g(ev)m(er)g(published)e(\(not)i(as)g(a)f(draft\))h(b)m(y)f(the)
h(F)-8 b(ree)330 1554 y(Soft)m(w)m(are)33 b(F)-8 b(oundation.)46
b(If)32 b(the)g(Do)s(cumen)m(t)g(sp)s(eci\014es)g(that)g(a)h(pro)m(xy)f
(can)g(decide)g(whic)m(h)g(future)330 1664 y(v)m(ersions)h(of)g(this)f
(License)h(can)g(b)s(e)f(used,)g(that)i(pro)m(xy's)e(public)g(statemen)
m(t)i(of)f(acceptance)i(of)e(a)330 1773 y(v)m(ersion)e(p)s(ermanen)m
(tly)f(authorizes)h(y)m(ou)g(to)g(c)m(ho)s(ose)g(that)g(v)m(ersion)g
(for)f(the)h(Do)s(cumen)m(t.)154 1908 y(11.)61 b(RELICENSING)330
2042 y(\\Massiv)m(e)39 b(Multiauthor)f(Collab)s(oration)g(Site")h(\(or)
e(\\MMC)h(Site"\))h(means)e(an)m(y)h(W)-8 b(orld)37 b(Wide)330
2152 y(W)-8 b(eb)36 b(serv)m(er)g(that)h(publishes)d(cop)m(yrigh)m
(table)k(w)m(orks)e(and)f(also)i(pro)m(vides)e(prominen)m(t)h
(facilities)330 2262 y(for)27 b(an)m(yb)s(o)s(dy)g(to)h(edit)g(those)g
(w)m(orks.)39 b(A)28 b(public)f(wiki)h(that)g(an)m(yb)s(o)s(dy)e(can)i
(edit)g(is)f(an)h(example)g(of)330 2371 y(suc)m(h)33
b(a)h(serv)m(er.)51 b(A)34 b(\\Massiv)m(e)i(Multiauthor)e(Collab)s
(oration")h(\(or)f(\\MMC"\))h(con)m(tained)g(in)f(the)330
2481 y(site)d(means)f(an)m(y)h(set)g(of)g(cop)m(yrigh)m(table)h(w)m
(orks)e(th)m(us)g(published)f(on)h(the)h(MMC)f(site.)330
2615 y(\\CC-BY-SA")36 b(means)f(the)g(Creativ)m(e)i(Commons)e(A)m
(ttribution-Share)g(Alik)m(e)i(3.0)f(license)g(pub-)330
2725 y(lished)27 b(b)m(y)f(Creativ)m(e)j(Commons)d(Corp)s(oration,)h(a)
g(not-for-pro\014t)g(corp)s(oration)h(with)e(a)h(principal)330
2834 y(place)g(of)f(business)e(in)i(San)f(F)-8 b(rancisco,)29
b(California,)f(as)e(w)m(ell)h(as)f(future)f(cop)m(yleft)i(v)m(ersions)
f(of)g(that)330 2944 y(license)31 b(published)e(b)m(y)h(that)h(same)g
(organization.)330 3078 y(\\Incorp)s(orate")h(means)e(to)h(publish)e
(or)i(republish)e(a)i(Do)s(cumen)m(t,)g(in)g(whole)g(or)f(in)g(part,)h
(as)g(part)330 3188 y(of)g(another)f(Do)s(cumen)m(t.)330
3323 y(An)c(MMC)g(is)h(\\eligible)h(for)e(relicensing")h(if)g(it)f(is)h
(licensed)f(under)f(this)h(License,)i(and)e(if)g(all)h(w)m(orks)330
3432 y(that)43 b(w)m(ere)f(\014rst)f(published)f(under)h(this)h
(License)g(somewhere)g(other)g(than)g(this)g(MMC,)h(and)330
3542 y(subsequen)m(tly)34 b(incorp)s(orated)h(in)f(whole)h(or)g(in)f
(part)h(in)m(to)h(the)f(MMC,)g(\(1\))h(had)e(no)h(co)m(v)m(er)h(texts)
330 3651 y(or)30 b(in)m(v)-5 b(arian)m(t)32 b(sections,)g(and)d(\(2\))j
(w)m(ere)f(th)m(us)f(incorp)s(orated)g(prior)g(to)h(No)m(v)m(em)m(b)s
(er)g(1,)g(2008.)330 3786 y(The)40 b(op)s(erator)h(of)g(an)f(MMC)h
(Site)g(ma)m(y)g(republish)e(an)h(MMC)h(con)m(tained)h(in)e(the)h(site)
g(under)330 3895 y(CC-BY-SA)30 b(on)g(the)h(same)f(site)h(at)g(an)m(y)g
(time)g(b)s(efore)e(August)h(1,)h(2009,)h(pro)m(vided)e(the)g(MMC)h(is)
330 4005 y(eligible)h(for)e(relicensing.)p eop end
%%Page: 150 156
TeXDict begin 150 155 bop 150 -116 a Ft(150)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fr(ADDENDUM:)45 b(Ho)l(w)h(to)f(use)g
(this)h(License)f(for)g(y)l(our)g(do)t(cumen)l(ts)150
458 y Ft(T)-8 b(o)35 b(use)f(this)h(License)g(in)f(a)h(do)s(cumen)m(t)g
(y)m(ou)f(ha)m(v)m(e)i(written,)g(include)f(a)f(cop)m(y)i(of)f(the)f
(License)h(in)g(the)150 568 y(do)s(cumen)m(t)30 b(and)g(put)g(the)g
(follo)m(wing)i(cop)m(yrigh)m(t)g(and)e(license)h(notices)g(just)f
(after)h(the)g(title)h(page:)468 680 y Fe(Copyright)42
b(\(C\))79 b Fd(year)88 b(your)40 b(name)9 b Fe(.)468
767 y(Permission)42 b(is)e(granted)g(to)g(copy,)h(distribute)g(and/or)g
(modify)f(this)g(document)468 854 y(under)h(the)f(terms)g(of)g(the)g
(GNU)g(Free)g(Documentation)i(License,)f(Version)g(1.3)468
941 y(or)f(any)g(later)g(version)h(published)h(by)d(the)h(Free)g
(Software)h(Foundation;)468 1029 y(with)g(no)e(Invariant)j(Sections,)f
(no)f(Front-Cover)h(Texts,)g(and)f(no)f(Back-Cover)468
1116 y(Texts.)80 b(A)40 b(copy)g(of)g(the)f(license)i(is)f(included)h
(in)f(the)g(section)g(entitled)h(``GNU)468 1203 y(Free)g(Documentation)
h(License''.)275 1337 y Ft(If)d(y)m(ou)h(ha)m(v)m(e)h(In)m(v)-5
b(arian)m(t)41 b(Sections,)i(F)-8 b(ron)m(t-Co)m(v)m(er)42
b(T)-8 b(exts)41 b(and)e(Bac)m(k-Co)m(v)m(er)k(T)-8 b(exts,)43
b(replace)e(the)150 1447 y(\\with)6 b(.)22 b(.)g(.)12
b(T)-8 b(exts.")41 b(line)31 b(with)f(this:)547 1559
y Fe(with)40 b(the)g(Invariant)h(Sections)g(being)g Fd(list)f(their)g
(titles)9 b Fe(,)41 b(with)547 1646 y(the)f(Front-Cover)i(Texts)e
(being)g Fd(list)9 b Fe(,)40 b(and)g(with)g(the)g(Back-Cover)i(Texts)
547 1733 y(being)e Fd(list)9 b Fe(.)275 1868 y Ft(If)34
b(y)m(ou)i(ha)m(v)m(e)g(In)m(v)-5 b(arian)m(t)36 b(Sections)g(without)f
(Co)m(v)m(er)h(T)-8 b(exts,)38 b(or)d(some)g(other)h(com)m(bination)g
(of)g(the)150 1978 y(three,)31 b(merge)g(those)g(t)m(w)m(o)g
(alternativ)m(es)i(to)e(suit)f(the)h(situation.)275 2112
y(If)23 b(y)m(our)h(do)s(cumen)m(t)f(con)m(tains)i(non)m(trivial)g
(examples)g(of)f(program)f(co)s(de,)j(w)m(e)e(recommend)g(releasing)150
2222 y(these)44 b(examples)f(in)g(parallel)h(under)e(y)m(our)h(c)m
(hoice)i(of)e(free)g(soft)m(w)m(are)h(license,)k(suc)m(h)43
b(as)g(the)g(GNU)150 2331 y(General)31 b(Public)f(License,)i(to)f(p)s
(ermit)e(their)i(use)f(in)g(free)g(soft)m(w)m(are.)p
eop end
%%Page: 151 157
TeXDict begin 151 156 bop 150 -116 a Ft(App)s(endix)29
b(D:)i(Indexes)2623 b(151)150 299 y Fo(App)t(endix)52
b(D)81 b(Indexes)150 631 y Fr(D.1)68 b(Index)45 b(of)g(Shell)g(Builtin)
g(Commands)150 868 y(.)150 984 y Fe(.)13 b Fc(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)39 b Fb(35)150 1218 y Fr(:)150 1335
y Fe(:)13 b Fc(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)39
b Fb(35)150 1579 y Fr([)150 1695 y Fe([)13 b Fc(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)39 b Fb(39)150 1938 y Fr(A)150 2055
y Fe(alias)21 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)46 b Fb(41)150
2289 y Fr(B)150 2405 y Fe(bg)10 b Fc(:)k(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)37 b Fb(90)150 2493 y Fe(bind)23 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
49 b Fb(41)150 2580 y Fe(break)21 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)46
b Fb(35)150 2668 y Fe(builtin)15 b Fc(:)f(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)41
b Fb(43)150 2902 y Fr(C)150 3019 y Fe(caller)17 b Fc(:)e(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
43 b Fb(43)150 3106 y Fe(cd)10 b Fc(:)k(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)37 b Fb(36)150 3194 y Fe(command)15 b Fc(:)f(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)41
b Fb(43)150 3281 y Fe(compgen)12 b Fc(:)j(:)e(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)39 b
Fb(117)150 3368 y Fe(complete)10 b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37 b Fb(117)150
3456 y Fe(compopt)12 b Fc(:)j(:)e(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)39 b Fb(120)150 3543
y Fe(continue)12 b Fc(:)j(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)38 b Fb(36)150 3778 y
Fr(D)150 3894 y Fe(declare)15 b Fc(:)f(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)41 b
Fb(43)150 3982 y Fe(dirs)23 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)49
b Fb(81)150 4069 y Fe(disown)17 b Fc(:)e(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)43
b Fb(91)150 4303 y Fr(E)150 4420 y Fe(echo)23 b Fc(:)13
b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)49 b Fb(45)150 4507 y Fe(enable)17
b Fc(:)e(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)43 b Fb(45)150 4595 y Fe(eval)23
b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)49 b Fb(36)150 4682 y
Fe(exec)23 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)49 b Fb(36)150
4770 y Fe(exit)23 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)49
b Fb(36)150 4857 y Fe(export)17 b Fc(:)e(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)43
b Fb(36)150 5110 y Fr(F)150 5227 y Fe(fc)8 b Fc(:)14
b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)35 b Fb(121)150 5314
y Fe(fg)10 b Fc(:)k(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37
b Fb(90)2025 868 y Fr(G)2025 988 y Fe(getopts)15 b Fc(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)41
b Fb(37)2025 1250 y Fr(H)2025 1370 y Fe(hash)23 b Fc(:)13
b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)49 b Fb(37)2025 1459 y Fe(help)23
b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)49 b Fb(46)2025 1549
y Fe(history)12 b Fc(:)j(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)39 b Fb(122)2025 1811
y Fr(J)2025 1931 y Fe(jobs)23 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)49
b Fb(90)2025 2193 y Fr(K)2025 2313 y Fe(kill)23 b Fc(:)13
b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)49 b Fb(91)2025 2557 y Fr(L)2025
2677 y Fe(let)8 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)34
b Fb(46)2025 2766 y Fe(local)21 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)46
b Fb(46)2025 2856 y Fe(logout)17 b Fc(:)d(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)44
b Fb(46)2025 3118 y Fr(M)2025 3238 y Fe(mapfile)15 b
Fc(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)41 b Fb(46)2025 3500 y Fr(P)2025 3620
y Fe(popd)23 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)49 b Fb(82)2025
3710 y Fe(printf)17 b Fc(:)d(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)44 b Fb(47)2025
3799 y Fe(pushd)21 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)46 b
Fb(82)2025 3888 y Fe(pwd)8 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)34
b Fb(38)2025 4150 y Fr(R)2025 4270 y Fe(read)23 b Fc(:)13
b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)49 b Fb(47)2025 4360 y Fe(readarray)9
b Fc(:)15 b(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)36 b Fb(49)2025 4449 y Fe(readonly)12 b Fc(:)j(:)e(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)39
b Fb(38)2025 4538 y Fe(return)17 b Fc(:)d(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)44
b Fb(38)2025 4782 y Fr(S)2025 4902 y Fe(set)8 b Fc(:)13
b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)34 b Fb(51)2025 4991
y Fe(shift)21 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)46 b Fb(38)2025
5080 y Fe(shopt)21 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)46 b
Fb(55)2025 5169 y Fe(source)17 b Fc(:)d(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)44
b Fb(49)2025 5259 y Fe(suspend)15 b Fc(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)41
b Fb(91)p eop end
%%Page: 152 158
TeXDict begin 152 157 bop 150 -116 a Ft(152)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fr(T)150 428 y Fe(test)23
b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)49 b Fb(39)150 522 y
Fe(times)21 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)46 b Fb(40)150
616 y Fe(trap)23 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)49
b Fb(40)150 709 y Fe(type)23 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)49
b Fb(49)150 803 y Fe(typeset)15 b Fc(:)f(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)41
b Fb(49)2025 299 y Fr(U)2025 415 y Fe(ulimit)17 b Fc(:)d(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
44 b Fb(49)2025 502 y Fe(umask)21 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)46
b Fb(41)2025 590 y Fe(unalias)15 b Fc(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)41
b Fb(51)2025 677 y Fe(unset)21 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)46
b Fb(41)2025 910 y Fr(W)2025 1026 y Fe(wait)23 b Fc(:)13
b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)49 b Fb(91)150 1259 y Fr(D.2)68
b(Index)45 b(of)g(Shell)g(Reserv)l(ed)h(W)-11 b(ords)150
1495 y(!)150 1612 y Fe(!)15 b Fc(:)e(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)42 b Fb(8)150 1855 y Fr([)150 1971 y Fe([[)10
b Fc(:)k(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37 b Fb(12)150
2220 y Fr(])150 2337 y Fe(]])10 b Fc(:)k(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)37 b Fb(12)150 2579 y Fa({)150 2695 y Fe({)13 b Fc(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)39 b Fb(13)150 2938 y Fa(})150
3054 y Fe(})13 b Fc(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)39
b Fb(13)150 3296 y Fr(C)150 3412 y Fe(case)23 b Fc(:)13
b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)49 b Fb(10)150 3646 y Fr(D)150
3762 y Fe(do)12 b Fc(:)i(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)39
b Fb(9)150 3849 y Fe(done)7 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)34
b Fb(9)150 4083 y Fr(E)150 4199 y Fe(elif)23 b Fc(:)13
b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)49 b Fb(10)2025 1495 y Fe(else)23
b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)49 b Fb(10)2025 1586
y Fe(esac)23 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)49 b Fb(10)2025
1838 y Fr(F)2025 1961 y Fe(fi)10 b Fc(:)k(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)37 b Fb(10)2025 2052 y Fe(for)8 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)34 b Fb(10)2025 2143 y Fe(function)12 b Fc(:)j(:)e(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)39
b Fb(14)2025 2394 y Fr(I)2025 2518 y Fe(if)10 b Fc(:)k(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37 b Fb(10)2025 2608 y Fe(in)10 b
Fc(:)k(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37 b Fb(10)2025
2860 y Fr(S)2025 2983 y Fe(select)17 b Fc(:)d(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)44
b Fb(11)2025 3235 y Fr(T)2025 3358 y Fe(then)23 b Fc(:)13
b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)49 b Fb(10)2025 3449 y Fe(time)7
b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)34 b Fb(8)2025
3701 y Fr(U)2025 3824 y Fe(until)23 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)49
b Fb(9)2025 4076 y Fr(W)2025 4199 y Fe(while)23 b Fc(:)13
b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)49 b Fb(9)150 4431 y Fr(D.3)68
b(P)l(arameter)47 b(and)d(V)-11 b(ariable)46 b(Index)150
4668 y(!)150 4794 y Fe(!)13 b Fc(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)39 b Fb(17)150 5054 y Fr(#)150 5180 y Fe(#)13 b Fc(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)39 b Fb(17)2025 4668 y Fr($)2025
4794 y Fe($)13 b Fc(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)39
b Fb(17)2025 5067 y Fr(*)2025 5192 y Fe(*)13 b Fc(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)39 b Fb(16)p eop end
%%Page: 153 159
TeXDict begin 153 158 bop 150 -116 a Ft(App)s(endix)29
b(D:)i(Indexes)2623 b(153)150 299 y Fr(-)150 415 y Fe(-)13
b Fc(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)39 b Fb(17)150
649 y Fr(?)150 765 y Fe(?)13 b Fc(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)39 b Fb(17)150 999 y Fr(@)150 1115 y Fe(@)13 b
Fc(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)39 b Fb(16)p
159 1349 41 6 v 150 1465 a Fe(_)13 b Fc(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)39 b Fb(17)150 1699 y Fr(0)150 1815 y Fe(0)13
b Fc(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)39 b Fb(17)150
2049 y Fr(A)150 2166 y Fe(auto_resume)24 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)48 b Fb(92)150
2409 y Fr(B)150 2525 y Fe(BASH)23 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)49
b Fb(61)150 2612 y Fe(BASH_ALIASES)22 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)45 b Fb(62)150 2700
y Fe(BASH_ARGC)9 b Fc(:)16 b(:)d(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)36 b Fb(62)150 2787 y
Fe(BASH_ARGV)9 b Fc(:)16 b(:)d(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)36 b Fb(62)150 2874 y Fe(BASH_CMDS)9
b Fc(:)16 b(:)d(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)36 b Fb(62)150 2962 y Fe(BASH_COMMAND)22
b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)45
b Fb(62)150 3049 y Fe(BASH_ENV)12 b Fc(:)j(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)38 b
Fb(62)150 3137 y Fe(BASH_EXECUTION_STRING)13 b Fc(:)18
b(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)39 b Fb(62)150 3224 y Fe(BASH_LINENO)24
b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
48 b Fb(63)150 3311 y Fe(BASH_REMATCH)22 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)45 b Fb(63)150
3399 y Fe(BASH_SOURCE)24 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)48 b Fb(63)150 3486 y Fe(BASH_SUBSHELL)16
b Fc(:)g(:)e(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)43
b Fb(63)150 3573 y Fe(BASH_VERSINFO)16 b Fc(:)g(:)e(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)43 b Fb(63)150 3661 y Fe(BASH_VERSION)22
b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)45
b Fb(63)150 3748 y Fe(BASH_XTRACEFD)16 b Fc(:)g(:)e(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)43 b Fb(63)150 3835 y Fe(BASHOPTS)12
b Fc(:)j(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)38 b Fb(62)150 3923 y Fe(BASHPID)15 b
Fc(:)f(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)41 b Fb(62)150 4010 y Fe(bell-style)7
b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)33 b Fb(97)150 4098 y Fe(bind-tty-special-chars)10
b Fc(:)19 b(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37 b Fb(97)150 4350 y Fr(C)150
4466 y Fe(CDPATH)17 b Fc(:)e(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)43 b Fb(61)150
4554 y Fe(COLUMNS)15 b Fc(:)f(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)41 b Fb(64)150
4641 y Fe(comment-begin)16 b Fc(:)g(:)e(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)43 b Fb(97)150 4728 y Fe(COMP_CWORD)7
b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)33 b Fb(64)150 4816 y Fe(COMP_KEY)12 b Fc(:)j(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)38
b Fb(64)150 4903 y Fe(COMP_LINE)9 b Fc(:)16 b(:)d(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)36 b
Fb(64)150 4991 y Fe(COMP_POINT)7 b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)33 b Fb(64)150
5078 y Fe(COMP_TYPE)9 b Fc(:)16 b(:)d(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)36 b Fb(64)150 5165
y Fe(COMP_WORDBREAKS)11 b Fc(:)17 b(:)c(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)38 b Fb(64)150 5253 y Fe(COMP_WORDS)7 b Fc(:)15
b(:)e(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
33 b Fb(64)150 5340 y Fe(completion-prefix-display-len)q(gth)25
b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)45 b Fb(97)2025
299 y Fe(completion-query-items)10 b Fc(:)18 b(:)c(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)37
b Fb(97)2025 387 y Fe(COMPREPLY)9 b Fc(:)15 b(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)36 b
Fb(65)2025 475 y Fe(convert-meta)21 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)45 b Fb(98)2025 713 y
Fr(D)2025 831 y Fe(DIRSTACK)12 b Fc(:)j(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)39 b Fb(65)2025
919 y Fe(disable-completion)25 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
47 b Fb(98)2025 1175 y Fr(E)2025 1293 y Fe(editing-mode)21
b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)45
b Fb(98)2025 1381 y Fe(EMACS)21 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)46
b Fb(65)2025 1470 y Fe(enable-keypad)16 b Fc(:)g(:)d(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)43 b Fb(98)2025 1558 y
Fe(EUID)23 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)49 b Fb(65)2025
1646 y Fe(expand-tilde)21 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)45 b Fb(98)2025 1902 y Fr(F)2025
2020 y Fe(FCEDIT)17 b Fc(:)d(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)44 b Fb(65)2025
2108 y Fe(FIGNORE)15 b Fc(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)41 b Fb(65)2025
2196 y Fe(FUNCNAME)12 b Fc(:)j(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)39 b Fb(65)2025 2434
y Fr(G)2025 2552 y Fe(GLOBIGNORE)7 b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)33 b Fb(65)2025
2640 y Fe(GROUPS)17 b Fc(:)d(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)44 b Fb(65)2025
2878 y Fr(H)2025 2996 y Fe(histchars)9 b Fc(:)15 b(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)36
b Fb(65)2025 3084 y Fe(HISTCMD)15 b Fc(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)41
b Fb(66)2025 3172 y Fe(HISTCONTROL)24 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)48 b Fb(66)2025
3260 y Fe(HISTFILE)12 b Fc(:)j(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)39 b Fb(66)2025 3348
y Fe(HISTFILESIZE)21 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)45 b Fb(66)2025 3436 y Fe(HISTIGNORE)7
b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)33 b Fb(66)2025 3525 y Fe(history-preserve-point)10
b Fc(:)18 b(:)c(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)37 b Fb(98)2025 3613 y Fe(history-size)21
b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)45
b Fb(98)2025 3701 y Fe(HISTSIZE)12 b Fc(:)j(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)39 b
Fb(66)2025 3789 y Fe(HISTTIMEFORMAT)14 b Fc(:)i(:)d(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)40 b Fb(66)2025 3877 y Fe(HOME)23
b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)49 b Fb(61)2025 3965
y Fe(horizontal-scroll-mode)10 b Fc(:)18 b(:)c(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)37
b Fb(98)2025 4053 y Fe(HOSTFILE)12 b Fc(:)j(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)39 b
Fb(67)2025 4141 y Fe(HOSTNAME)12 b Fc(:)j(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)39 b
Fb(67)2025 4230 y Fe(HOSTTYPE)12 b Fc(:)j(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)39 b
Fb(67)2025 4467 y Fr(I)2025 4585 y Fe(IFS)8 b Fc(:)13
b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)34 b Fb(61)2025 4673
y Fe(IGNOREEOF)9 b Fc(:)15 b(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)36 b Fb(67)2025 4761 y
Fe(input-meta)7 b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)33 b Fb(99)2025 4850 y Fe(INPUTRC)15
b Fc(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)41 b Fb(67)2025 4938 y Fe(isearch-terminators)18
b Fc(:)f(:)c(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)45 b Fb(99)2025 5175
y Fr(K)2025 5293 y Fe(keymap)17 b Fc(:)d(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)44
b Fb(99)p eop end
%%Page: 154 160
TeXDict begin 154 159 bop 150 -116 a Ft(154)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fr(L)150 415 y Fe(LANG)23
b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)49 b Fb(67)150 502 y
Fe(LC_ALL)17 b Fc(:)e(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)43 b Fb(67)150 589
y Fe(LC_COLLATE)7 b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)33 b Fb(67)150 676 y Fe(LC_CTYPE)12
b Fc(:)j(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)38 b Fb(67)150 764 y Fe(LC_MESSAGES)13
b Fc(:)j(:)d(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)40
b Fb(7,)26 b(67)150 851 y Fe(LC_NUMERIC)7 b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)33
b Fb(67)150 938 y Fe(LINENO)17 b Fc(:)e(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)43
b Fb(67)150 1025 y Fe(LINES)21 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)46
b Fb(67)150 1258 y Fr(M)150 1374 y Fe(MACHTYPE)12 b Fc(:)j(:)e(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)38
b Fb(67)150 1461 y Fe(MAIL)23 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)49
b Fb(61)150 1549 y Fe(MAILCHECK)9 b Fc(:)16 b(:)d(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)36 b
Fb(68)150 1636 y Fe(MAILPATH)12 b Fc(:)j(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)38 b Fb(61)150
1723 y Fe(mark-modified-lines)18 b Fc(:)g(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)44
b Fb(99)150 1810 y Fe(mark-symlinked-directories)18 b
Fc(:)g(:)c(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)44
b Fb(99)150 1897 y Fe(match-hidden-files)25 b Fc(:)13
b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)47 b Fb(99)150 1985 y
Fe(meta-flag)9 b Fc(:)16 b(:)d(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)36 b Fb(99)150 2236 y Fr(O)150
2352 y Fe(OLDPWD)17 b Fc(:)e(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)43 b Fb(68)150
2439 y Fe(OPTARG)17 b Fc(:)e(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)43 b Fb(61)150
2526 y Fe(OPTERR)17 b Fc(:)e(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)43 b Fb(68)150
2614 y Fe(OPTIND)17 b Fc(:)e(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)43 b Fb(61)150
2701 y Fe(OSTYPE)17 b Fc(:)e(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)43 b Fb(68)150
2788 y Fe(output-meta)24 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)48 b Fb(99)150 3040 y Fr(P)150
3156 y Fe(page-completions)9 b Fc(:)16 b(:)e(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)35 b Fb(99)150 3243 y Fe(PATH)23 b Fc(:)13
b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)49 b Fb(61)150 3330 y Fe(PIPESTATUS)7
b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)33 b Fb(68)150 3417 y Fe(POSIXLY_CORRECT)11 b
Fc(:)17 b(:)c(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)38
b Fb(68)150 3504 y Fe(PPID)23 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)49
b Fb(68)150 3592 y Fe(PROMPT_COMMAND)14 b Fc(:)i(:)d(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)40 b Fb(68)2025 299 y Fe(PROMPT_DIRTRIM)14
b Fc(:)i(:)d(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)40
b Fb(68)2025 387 y Fe(PS1)8 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)34
b Fb(61)2025 475 y Fe(PS2)8 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)34
b Fb(61)2025 563 y Fe(PS3)8 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)34
b Fb(68)2025 651 y Fe(PS4)8 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)34
b Fb(68)2025 739 y Fe(PWD)8 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)34
b Fb(68)2025 977 y Fr(R)2025 1095 y Fe(RANDOM)17 b Fc(:)d(:)g(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)44 b Fb(68)2025 1183 y Fe(REPLY)21 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)46
b Fb(68)2025 1271 y Fe(revert-all-at-newline)11 b Fc(:)18
b(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)38 b Fb(100)2025 1508 y Fr(S)2025 1626
y Fe(SECONDS)15 b Fc(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)41 b Fb(69)2025 1714
y Fe(SHELL)21 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)46 b Fb(69)2025
1802 y Fe(SHELLOPTS)9 b Fc(:)15 b(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)36 b Fb(69)2025 1890
y Fe(SHLVL)21 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)46 b Fb(69)2025
1978 y Fe(show-all-if-ambiguous)11 b Fc(:)18 b(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)38
b Fb(100)2025 2067 y Fe(show-all-if-unmodified)8 b Fc(:)18
b(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)35 b Fb(100)2025 2155 y Fe(skip-completed-text)16
b Fc(:)h(:)c(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)43 b Fb(100)2025 2411 y Fr(T)2025
2529 y Fe(TEXTDOMAIN)9 b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)36 b Fb(7)2025 2617
y Fe(TEXTDOMAINDIR)21 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)46 b Fb(7)2025 2705 y Fe(TIMEFORMAT)7
b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)33 b Fb(69)2025 2793 y Fe(TMOUT)21 b Fc(:)13
b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)46 b Fb(69)2025 2881 y Fe(TMPDIR)17
b Fc(:)d(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)44 b Fb(70)2025 3119 y Fr(U)2025
3236 y Fe(UID)8 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)34
b Fb(70)2025 3474 y Fr(V)2025 3592 y Fe(visible-stats)14
b Fc(:)i(:)d(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)41
b Fb(100)150 3831 y Fr(D.4)68 b(F)-11 b(unction)44 b(Index)150
4068 y(A)150 4195 y Fe(abort)27 b(\(C-g\))9 b Fc(:)14
b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)36
b Fb(112)150 4287 y Fe(accept-line)28 b(\(Newline)g(or)e(Return\))e
Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)50 b
Fb(107)150 4380 y Fe(alias-expand-line)29 b(\(\))21 b
Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)47 b Fb(114)150 4659 y Fr(B)150
4785 y Fe(backward-char)29 b(\(C-b\))23 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
49 b Fb(106)150 4878 y Fe(backward-delete-char)30 b(\(Rubout\))14
b Fc(:)h(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)41
b Fb(108)150 4970 y Fe(backward-kill-line)30 b(\(C-x)c(Rubout\))16
b Fc(:)f(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)43 b Fb(109)150
5063 y Fe(backward-kill-word)30 b(\(\))18 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)44
b Fb(109)150 5155 y Fe(backward-kill-word)30 b(\(M-DEL\))23
b Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
49 b Fb(109)150 5248 y Fe(backward-word)29 b(\(M-b\))23
b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)49 b Fb(106)150 5340 y
Fe(beginning-of-history)30 b(\(M-<\))23 b Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)49 b Fb(107)2025
4068 y Fe(beginning-of-line)29 b(\(C-a\))13 b Fc(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)40
b Fb(106)2025 4329 y Fr(C)2025 4449 y Fe(call-last-kbd-macro)30
b(\(C-x)c(e\))9 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)36 b Fb(112)2025 4538 y Fe(capitalize-word)29
b(\(M-c\))18 b Fc(:)c(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)45 b Fb(109)2025 4627
y Fe(character-search)29 b(\(C-]\))15 b Fc(:)f(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)42
b Fb(113)2025 4716 y Fe(character-search-backward)31
b(\(M-C-]\))23 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)48
b Fb(113)2025 4806 y Fe(clear-screen)28 b(\(C-l\))8 b
Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)35 b Fb(106)2025
4895 y Fe(complete)27 b(\(TAB\))20 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)45 b Fb(110)2025 4984 y Fe(complete-command)29
b(\(M-!\))15 b Fc(:)f(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)42 b Fb(111)2025 5073
y Fe(complete-filename)29 b(\(M-/\))13 b Fc(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)40
b Fb(111)2025 5162 y Fe(complete-hostname)29 b(\(M-@\))13
b Fc(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)40 b Fb(111)2025 5251 y Fe(complete-into-braces)30
b(\(M-{\))23 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)49 b Fb(112)2025 5340 y Fe(complete-username)29
b(\(M-~\))13 b Fc(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)40 b Fb(111)p eop end
%%Page: 155 161
TeXDict begin 155 160 bop 150 -116 a Ft(App)s(endix)29
b(D:)i(Indexes)2623 b(155)150 299 y Fe(complete-variable)29
b(\(M-$\))13 b Fc(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)39 b Fb(111)150 389 y Fe(copy-backward-word)
30 b(\(\))18 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)44 b Fb(110)150 479
y Fe(copy-forward-word)29 b(\(\))21 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)47
b Fb(110)150 569 y Fe(copy-region-as-kill)30 b(\(\))15
b Fc(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)42 b Fb(110)150 836 y Fr(D)150 958 y
Fe(dabbrev-expand)29 b(\(\))11 b Fc(:)i(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
38 b Fb(112)150 1048 y Fe(delete-char)28 b(\(C-d\))11
b Fc(:)j(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)38 b Fb(108)150
1138 y Fe(delete-char-or-list)30 b(\(\))15 b Fc(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)42
b Fb(111)150 1228 y Fe(delete-horizontal-space)31 b(\(\))22
b Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
49 b Fb(109)150 1318 y Fe(digit-argument)29 b(\()p Fd(M-0)p
Fe(,)e Fd(M-1)p Fe(,)f(...)g Fd(M--)p Fe(\))d Fc(:)13
b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)49 b Fb(110)150 1408 y Fe
(display-shell-version)30 b(\(C-x)d(C-v\))16 b Fc(:)e(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)43 b Fb(114)150 1499 y Fe(do-uppercase-version)
30 b(\(M-a,)d(M-b,)f(M-)p Fd(x)9 b Fe(,)27 b(...\))325
1586 y Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)48 b Fb(112)150 1676
y Fe(downcase-word)29 b(\(M-l\))23 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)49
b Fb(108)150 1766 y Fe(dump-functions)29 b(\(\))11 b
Fc(:)i(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)38 b Fb(113)150
1856 y Fe(dump-macros)28 b(\(\))19 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)45 b Fb(113)150 1946 y Fe(dump-variables)29
b(\(\))11 b Fc(:)i(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)38
b Fb(113)150 2036 y Fe(dynamic-complete-history)31 b(\(M-TAB\))7
b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)33 b Fb(112)150
2303 y Fr(E)150 2425 y Fe(edit-and-execute-command)e(\(C-xC-e\))23
b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)48 b Fb(114)150
2515 y Fe(end-kbd-macro)29 b(\(C-x)d(\)\))7 b Fc(:)14
b(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)34 b Fb(112)150 2605 y Fe(end-of-history)29
b(\(M->\))21 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)47 b Fb(107)150
2695 y Fe(end-of-line)28 b(\(C-e\))11 b Fc(:)j(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)38 b Fb(106)150 2785 y Fe(exchange-point-and-mark)31
b(\(C-x)26 b(C-x\))11 b Fc(:)j(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)38
b Fb(113)150 3052 y Fr(F)150 3174 y Fe(forward-backward-delete-char)32
b(\(\))9 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)36
b Fb(108)150 3264 y Fe(forward-char)28 b(\(C-f\))8 b
Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)35 b Fb(106)150
3354 y Fe(forward-search-history)c(\(C-s\))17 b Fc(:)d(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)44 b Fb(107)150 3445
y Fe(forward-word)28 b(\(M-f\))8 b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)35 b Fb(106)150 3701 y Fr(G)150 3823 y Fe(glob-complete-word)30
b(\(M-g\))10 b Fc(:)k(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37 b Fb(114)150 3913 y Fe(glob-expand-word)29
b(\(C-x)e(*\))17 b Fc(:)c(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)44 b Fb(114)150 4003 y Fe
(glob-list-expansions)30 b(\(C-x)d(g\))7 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)33 b Fb(114)150 4270
y Fr(H)150 4392 y Fe(history-and-alias-expand-line)f(\(\))7
b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)33 b Fb(114)150
4482 y Fe(history-expand-line)d(\(M-^\))8 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)34
b Fb(114)150 4572 y Fe(history-search-backward)d(\(\))22
b Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
49 b Fb(107)150 4662 y Fe(history-search-forward)31 b(\(\))8
b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)34 b Fb(107)150 4929 y Fr(I)150 5051 y Fe(insert-comment)29
b(\(M-#\))21 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)47 b Fb(113)150
5141 y Fe(insert-completions)30 b(\(M-*\))10 b Fc(:)k(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37
b Fb(111)150 5231 y Fe(insert-last-argument)30 b(\(M-.)d(or)f(M-_\))18
b Fc(:)c(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)45 b Fb(114)2025
299 y Fr(K)2025 416 y Fe(kill-line)27 b(\(C-k\))16 b
Fc(:)f(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)43 b Fb(109)2025
503 y Fe(kill-region)28 b(\(\))19 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)45 b Fb(110)2025 591 y Fe(kill-whole-line)29
b(\(\))8 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)35 b
Fb(109)2025 678 y Fe(kill-word)27 b(\(M-d\))16 b Fc(:)f(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)43 b Fb(109)2025 921 y Fr(M)2025
1038 y Fe(magic-space)28 b(\(\))19 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)45 b Fb(114)2025 1126 y Fe(menu-complete)28
b(\(\))13 b Fc(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)40
b Fb(111)2025 1213 y Fe(menu-complete-backward)30 b(\(\))8
b Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)34 b Fb(111)2025 1467 y Fr(N)2025 1584 y Fe(next-history)28
b(\(C-n\))8 b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)35
b Fb(107)2025 1671 y Fe(non-incremental-forward-search)q(-hist)q(ory)d
(\(M-n\))2200 1758 y Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)49 b
Fb(107)2025 1846 y Fe(non-incremental-reverse-search)q(-hist)q(ory)32
b(\(M-p\))2200 1933 y Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)49 b
Fb(107)2025 2168 y Fr(O)2025 2285 y Fe(operate-and-get-next)30
b(\(C-o\))23 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)49 b Fb(114)2025 2372 y Fe(overwrite-mode)29
b(\(\))11 b Fc(:)i(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)38
b Fb(109)2025 2615 y Fr(P)2025 2732 y Fe(possible-command-completions)
32 b(\(C-x)26 b(!\))21 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)47 b
Fb(112)2025 2820 y Fe(possible-completions)30 b(\(M-?\))23
b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
49 b Fb(110)2025 2907 y Fe(possible-filename-completions)32
b(\(C-x)26 b(/\))18 b Fc(:)c(:)f(:)g(:)45 b Fb(111)2025
2995 y Fe(possible-hostname-completions)32 b(\(C-x)26
b(@\))18 b Fc(:)c(:)f(:)g(:)45 b Fb(111)2025 3082 y Fe
(possible-username-completions)32 b(\(C-x)26 b(~\))18
b Fc(:)c(:)f(:)g(:)45 b Fb(111)2025 3170 y Fe
(possible-variable-completions)32 b(\(C-x)26 b($\))18
b Fc(:)c(:)f(:)g(:)45 b Fb(111)2025 3258 y Fe(prefix-meta)28
b(\(ESC\))11 b Fc(:)j(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)38
b Fb(112)2025 3345 y Fe(previous-history)29 b(\(C-p\))15
b Fc(:)f(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)42 b Fb(107)2025 3599 y Fr(Q)2025 3715
y Fe(quoted-insert)28 b(\(C-q)f(or)f(C-v\))19 b Fc(:)14
b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)46
b Fb(108)2025 3969 y Fr(R)2025 4086 y Fe(re-read-init-file)29
b(\(C-x)e(C-r\))9 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)36 b Fb(112)2025 4173 y Fe(redraw-current-line)30
b(\(\))15 b Fc(:)e(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)42 b Fb(106)2025 4261 y Fe
(reverse-search-history)30 b(\(C-r\))17 b Fc(:)e(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)44 b Fb(107)2025 4348 y Fe(revert-line)28
b(\(M-r\))11 b Fc(:)j(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)38
b Fb(112)2025 4592 y Fr(S)2025 4708 y Fe(self-insert)28
b(\(a,)e(b,)g(A,)g(1,)g(!,)g(...)q(\))7 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(108)2025 4796 y Fe(set-mark)27
b(\(C-@\))20 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)45
b Fb(113)2025 4883 y Fe(shell-backward-word)30 b(\(\))15
b Fc(:)e(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)42 b Fb(106)2025 4971 y Fe(shell-expand-line)29
b(\(M-C-e\))8 b Fc(:)14 b(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)34 b Fb(114)2025 5059 y Fe(shell-forward-word)29
b(\(\))18 b Fc(:)c(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)45 b Fb(106)2025 5146
y Fe(shell-kill-word)29 b(\(\))8 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)35 b Fb(109)2025 5234 y Fe(skip-csi-sequence)29 b(\(\))21
b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)47 b Fb(113)2025 5321 y Fe(start-kbd-macro)
29 b(\(C-x)d(\(\))20 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)46 b Fb(112)p eop
end
%%Page: 156 162
TeXDict begin 156 161 bop 150 -116 a Ft(156)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fr(T)150 415 y Fe(tilde-expand)d
(\(M-&\))8 b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)35
b Fb(113)150 502 y Fe(transpose-chars)29 b(\(C-t\))18
b Fc(:)c(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)44 b Fb(108)150 590 y Fe(transpose-words)29
b(\(M-t\))18 b Fc(:)c(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)44 b Fb(108)150 842
y Fr(U)150 958 y Fe(undo)27 b(\(C-_)f(or)g(C-x)g(C-u\))c
Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)48 b Fb(112)150 1046 y Fe
(universal-argument)30 b(\(\))18 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)44
b Fb(110)150 1133 y Fe(unix-filename-rubout)30 b(\(\))13
b Fc(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)39 b Fb(109)2025 299 y Fe(unix-line-discard)29
b(\(C-u\))13 b Fc(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)40 b Fb(109)2025 389 y Fe(unix-word-rubout)
29 b(\(C-w\))15 b Fc(:)f(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)42 b Fb(109)2025 478
y Fe(upcase-word)28 b(\(M-u\))11 b Fc(:)j(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)38 b Fb(108)2025 743 y Fr(Y)2025 864 y Fe(yank)26
b(\(C-y\))12 b Fc(:)i(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)39 b Fb(110)2025 954 y Fe(yank-last-arg)28
b(\(M-.)f(or)f(M-_\))19 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)46 b Fb(108)2025 1043 y Fe(yank-nth-arg)28
b(\(M-C-y\))22 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)47 b Fb(107)2025
1133 y Fe(yank-pop)27 b(\(M-y\))20 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)45 b Fb(110)150 1366 y Fr(D.5)68
b(Concept)45 b(Index)150 1625 y(A)150 1743 y Fb(alias)27
b(expansion)18 b Fc(:)c(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)44 b Fb(79)150 1831 y(arithmetic)26 b(ev)l(aluation)16
b Fc(:)e(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)43 b Fb(78)150 1919
y(arithmetic)26 b(expansion)d Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)49
b Fb(23)150 2007 y(arithmetic,)27 b(shell)17 b Fc(:)d(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)43 b Fb(78)150 2095 y(arra)n(ys)15
b Fc(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)41 b Fb(80)150 2348 y Fr(B)150
2466 y Fb(bac)n(kground)9 b Fc(:)j(:)i(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)35 b Fb(89)150 2554 y(Bash)26
b(con\014guration)d Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)49
b Fb(127)150 2642 y(Bash)26 b(installation)c Fc(:)13
b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)46 b Fb(127)150
2729 y(Bourne)26 b(shell)13 b Fc(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)40 b Fb(5)150 2817
y(brace)26 b(expansion)20 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)47 b Fb(18)150 2905 y(builtin)9 b Fc(:)k(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)36 b Fb(3)150 3142 y Fr(C)150 3260 y Fb(command)26
b(editing)15 b Fc(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)42
b Fb(94)150 3348 y(command)26 b(execution)d Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)49 b Fb(30)150 3435 y(command)26 b(expansion)16
b Fc(:)d(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)42 b Fb(29)150
3523 y(command)26 b(history)12 b Fc(:)h(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)39 b Fb(121)150 3611 y(command)26 b(searc)n(h)10
b Fc(:)j(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)36
b Fb(30)150 3699 y(command)26 b(substitution)15 b Fc(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)41 b Fb(22)150 3787 y(command)26 b(timing)7
b Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)34
b Fb(8)150 3875 y(commands,)26 b(comp)r(ound)18 b Fc(:)c(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)45 b Fb(9)150 3963 y(commands,)26 b(conditional)d
Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)48 b Fb(10)150 4051 y(commands,)26
b(grouping)9 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)35
b Fb(13)150 4139 y(commands,)26 b(lists)6 b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)33 b Fb(8)150
4227 y(commands,)26 b(lo)r(oping)18 b Fc(:)d(:)e(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)45 b Fb(9)150 4315 y(commands,)26 b(pip)r(elines)12
b Fc(:)i(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)39 b Fb(8)150
4403 y(commands,)26 b(shell)15 b Fc(:)f(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)42 b Fb(7)150 4491 y(commands,)26
b(simple)17 b Fc(:)d(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)44
b Fb(8)150 4579 y(commen)n(ts,)26 b(shell)7 b Fc(:)15
b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)34
b Fb(7)150 4667 y(completion)27 b(builtins)15 b Fc(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)42 b Fb(117)150 4755 y(con\014guration)15
b Fc(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)42
b Fb(127)150 4842 y(con)n(trol)26 b(op)r(erator)21 b
Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)46
b Fb(3)150 4930 y(copro)r(cess)12 b Fc(:)i(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)38 b
Fb(14)150 5184 y Fr(D)150 5301 y Fb(directory)26 b(stac)n(k)c
Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)49
b Fb(81)2025 1625 y Fr(E)2025 1745 y Fb(editing)26 b(command)g(lines)13
b Fc(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)39 b Fb(94)2025 1834
y(en)n(vironmen)n(t)12 b Fc(:)g(:)h(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)39 b Fb(31)2025 1923 y(ev)l(aluation,)26
b(arithmetic)e Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)49 b
Fb(78)2025 2012 y(ev)n(en)n(t)24 b(designators)14 b Fc(:)h(:)e(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)41 b Fb(123)2025 2101 y(execution)25
b(en)n(vironmen)n(t)11 b Fc(:)i(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)37
b Fb(30)2025 2190 y(exit)25 b(status)18 b Fc(:)c(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)45 b Fb(3,)26
b(32)2025 2279 y(expansion)20 b Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)47 b Fb(17)2025
2368 y(expansion,)26 b(arithmetic)12 b Fc(:)i(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)38 b Fb(23)2025 2457 y(expansion,)26 b(brace)10 b
Fc(:)j(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)36
b Fb(18)2025 2546 y(expansion,)26 b(\014lename)12 b Fc(:)h(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)38 b Fb(24)2025 2635 y(expansion,)26
b(parameter)14 b Fc(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)40
b Fb(19)2025 2724 y(expansion,)26 b(pathname)18 b Fc(:)13
b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)45 b Fb(24)2025 2813 y(expansion,)26
b(tilde)8 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)34 b Fb(19)2025 2902 y(expressions,)27 b(arithmetic)7
b Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(78)2025 2991
y(expressions,)27 b(conditional)11 b Fc(:)j(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)38
b Fb(76)2025 3250 y Fr(F)2025 3369 y Fb(\014eld)15 b
Fc(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)42 b Fb(3)2025 3458
y(\014lename)15 b Fc(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)42 b Fb(3)2025
3547 y(\014lename)26 b(expansion)c Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)49 b Fb(24)2025 3636 y(foreground)23 b Fc(:)13
b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
49 b Fb(89)2025 3725 y(functions,)26 b(shell)21 b Fc(:)13
b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)47
b Fb(14)2025 3984 y Fr(H)2025 4104 y Fb(history)25 b(builtins)14
b Fc(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)41
b Fb(121)2025 4193 y(history)25 b(ev)n(en)n(ts)19 b Fc(:)13
b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)46
b Fb(123)2025 4282 y(history)25 b(expansion)8 b Fc(:)14
b(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)35 b Fb(123)2025
4371 y(history)25 b(list)c Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)47 b Fb(121)2025 4460
y(History)-6 b(,)25 b(ho)n(w)h(to)g(use)13 b Fc(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)40 b Fb(120)2025 4719 y Fr(I)2025 4838 y
Fb(iden)n(ti\014er)22 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)50 b Fb(3)2025
4927 y(initialization)28 b(\014le,)e(readline)13 b Fc(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
40 b Fb(96)2025 5016 y(installation)13 b Fc(:)i(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)40 b Fb(127)2025
5105 y(in)n(teraction,)26 b(readline)c Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)47 b Fb(93)2025 5194 y(in)n(teractiv)n(e)26
b(shell)14 b Fc(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)40
b Fb(73,)27 b(75)2025 5283 y(in)n(ternationalization)14
b Fc(:)h(:)e(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)41 b
Fb(7)p eop end
%%Page: 157 163
TeXDict begin 157 162 bop 150 -116 a Ft(App)s(endix)29
b(D:)i(Indexes)2623 b(157)150 299 y Fr(J)150 415 y Fb(job)16
b Fc(:)e(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)43 b Fb(3)150
503 y(job)26 b(con)n(trol)13 b Fc(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)40 b Fb(3,)26 b(89)150 753
y Fr(K)150 870 y Fb(kill)g(ring)21 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)47
b Fb(95)150 957 y(killing)27 b(text)19 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)46 b
Fb(95)150 1208 y Fr(L)150 1324 y Fb(lo)r(calization)14
b Fc(:)i(:)d(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)41 b Fb(7)150 1412 y(login)27 b(shell)17 b
Fc(:)d(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)44 b Fb(73)150 1662 y Fr(M)150 1779 y Fb(matc)n(hing,)26
b(pattern)20 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)47
b Fb(24)150 1866 y(metac)n(haracter)18 b Fc(:)d(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)45 b Fb(3)150 2100
y Fr(N)150 2217 y Fb(name)13 b Fc(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)40
b Fb(3)150 2304 y(nativ)n(e)25 b(languages)13 b Fc(:)i(:)e(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)40 b Fb(7)150 2391
y(notation,)27 b(readline)9 b Fc(:)k(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)35 b Fb(94)150 2642 y Fr(O)150 2759 y Fb(op)r(erator,)27
b(shell)16 b Fc(:)e(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)43 b Fb(3)150 3009 y Fr(P)150 3126 y Fb(parameter)26
b(expansion)7 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)34
b Fb(19)150 3213 y(parameters)17 b Fc(:)d(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)43 b Fb(15)150
3300 y(parameters,)27 b(p)r(ositional)18 b Fc(:)d(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)44 b Fb(16)150 3388 y(parameters,)27 b(sp)r(ecial)18
b Fc(:)c(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)44 b Fb(16)150
3475 y(pathname)25 b(expansion)12 b Fc(:)i(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)38 b Fb(24)150 3563 y(pattern)25 b(matc)n(hing)14
b Fc(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)40
b Fb(24)150 3650 y(pip)r(eline)23 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)50
b Fb(8)150 3737 y(POSIX)17 b Fc(:)12 b(:)h(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)44
b Fb(3)150 3825 y(POSIX)25 b(Mo)r(de)11 b Fc(:)i(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37 b Fb(84)150
3912 y(pro)r(cess)27 b(group)9 b Fc(:)k(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)36 b Fb(3)150 4000 y(pro)r(cess)27
b(group)e(ID)d Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)49 b Fb(3)150 4087 y(pro)r(cess)27 b(substitution)21
b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)48 b Fb(23)150
4175 y(programmable)27 b(completion)20 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)46
b Fb(115)150 4262 y(prompting)11 b Fc(:)i(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)37 b Fb(82)2025
299 y Fr(Q)2025 419 y Fb(quoting)10 b Fc(:)j(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)37
b Fb(6)2025 508 y(quoting,)26 b(ANSI)13 b Fc(:)e(:)j(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)40 b Fb(6)2025
768 y Fr(R)2025 888 y Fb(Readline,)26 b(ho)n(w)g(to)g(use)7
b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(92)2025
977 y(redirection)7 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)33 b Fb(26)2025 1066
y(reserv)n(ed)25 b(w)n(ord)7 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)34 b Fb(3)2025 1155
y(restricted)26 b(shell)8 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)35 b Fb(84)2025 1244 y(return)25
b(status)c Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)48 b Fb(4)2025 1487 y Fr(S)2025 1607 y
Fb(shell)26 b(arithmetic)11 b Fc(:)j(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)37 b Fb(78)2025 1696 y(shell)26 b(function)12
b Fc(:)h(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)38
b Fb(14)2025 1785 y(shell)26 b(script)c Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)48 b
Fb(33)2025 1874 y(shell)26 b(v)l(ariable)18 b Fc(:)c(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)45 b Fb(15)2025
1964 y(shell,)26 b(in)n(teractiv)n(e)14 b Fc(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)40 b Fb(75)2025 2053 y(signal)7
b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(4)2025 2142
y(signal)27 b(handling)17 b Fc(:)c(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)44 b Fb(32)2025 2231 y(sp)r(ecial)27
b(builtin)10 b Fc(:)j(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
37 b Fb(4,)26 b(59)2025 2320 y(startup)f(\014les)d Fc(:)13
b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)48
b Fb(73)2025 2409 y(susp)r(ending)25 b(jobs)6 b Fc(:)14
b(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)33
b Fb(89)2025 2669 y Fr(T)2025 2789 y Fb(tilde)26 b(expansion)18
b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)45
b Fb(19)2025 2878 y(tok)n(en)11 b Fc(:)h(:)i(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)38
b Fb(4)2025 2967 y(translation,)27 b(nativ)n(e)e(languages)13
b Fc(:)i(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)40 b Fb(7)2025 3227 y Fr(V)2025 3347 y Fb(v)l(ariable,)26
b(shell)8 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(15)2025 3436 y(v)l(ariables,)27 b(readline)21
b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)47
b Fb(97)2025 3695 y Fr(W)2025 3815 y Fb(w)n(ord)21 b
Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)48 b Fb(4)2025 3904
y(w)n(ord)26 b(splitting)21 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)47 b Fb(23)2025 4164 y Fr(Y)2025
4284 y Fb(y)n(anking)25 b(text)9 b Fc(:)j(:)h(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)35 b Fb(95)p eop
end
%%Page: 158 164
TeXDict begin 158 163 bop eop end
%%Trailer

userdict /end-hook known{end-hook}if
%%EOF
generated by cgit v1.1 at 2024-04-30 13:02:28 +0000