Changed speed optimization for strings.

Removed use of StringUtf8Micro and instead use an extra byte array
instance variable directly in the class. This allows the list returned
for repeated strings to be a String instead of a StringUtf8Micro
making the class compatible with existing code.

Removed PerfTimer.java which isn't used.

Change-Id: Ie6acfb40f98f59a48c1a795d86f715078f9611f5

4 files changed, 32 insertions, 935 deletions

diff --git a/java/pom.xml b/java/pom.xml
index a71a69a..69d8ff7 100644
--- a/java/pom.xml
+++ b/java/pom.xml
@@ -198,7 +198,6 @@
                 <include>**/CodedInputStreamMicro.java</include>
                 <include>**/CodedOutputStreamMicro.java</include>
                 <include>**/InvalidProtocolBufferMicroException.java</include>
-                <include>**/StringUtf8Micro.java</include>
                 <include>**/WireFormatMicro.java</include>
               </includes>
               <testIncludes>
diff --git a/java/src/main/java/com/google/protobuf/micro/CodedOutputStreamMicro.java b/java/src/main/java/com/google/protobuf/micro/CodedOutputStreamMicro.java
index 68b6e97..0cb0774 100644
--- a/java/src/main/java/com/google/protobuf/micro/CodedOutputStreamMicro.java
+++ b/java/src/main/java/com/google/protobuf/micro/CodedOutputStreamMicro.java
@@ -179,13 +179,6 @@ public final class CodedOutputStreamMicro {
     writeStringNoTag(value);
   }
 
-  /** Write a {@code StringUtf8Micro} field, including tag, to the stream. */
-  public void writeStringUtf8(final int fieldNumber, final StringUtf8Micro value)
-                          throws IOException {
-    writeTag(fieldNumber, WireFormatMicro.WIRETYPE_LENGTH_DELIMITED);
-    writeStringUtf8NoTag(value);
-  }
-
   /** Write a {@code group} field, including tag, to the stream. */
   public void writeGroup(final int fieldNumber, final MessageMicro value)
                          throws IOException {
@@ -208,6 +201,14 @@ public final class CodedOutputStreamMicro {
     writeBytesNoTag(value);
   }
 
+  /** Write a {@code byte} field, including tag, to the stream. */
+  public void writeByteArray(final int fieldNumber, final byte[] value)
+                         throws IOException {
+    writeTag(fieldNumber, WireFormatMicro.WIRETYPE_LENGTH_DELIMITED);
+    writeByteArrayNoTag(value);
+  }
+
+
   /** Write a {@code uint32} field, including tag, to the stream. */
   public void writeUInt32(final int fieldNumber, final int value)
                           throws IOException {
@@ -336,13 +337,6 @@ public final class CodedOutputStreamMicro {
     writeRawBytes(bytes);
   }
 
-  /** Write a {@code StringUtf8Micro} field to the stream. */
-  public void writeStringUtf8NoTag(final StringUtf8Micro value) throws IOException {
-    final byte[] bytes = value.getBytes();
-    writeRawVarint32(bytes.length);
-    writeRawBytes(bytes);
-  }
-
   /** Write a {@code group} field to the stream. */
   public void writeGroupNoTag(final MessageMicro value) throws IOException {
     value.writeTo(this);
@@ -361,6 +355,12 @@ public final class CodedOutputStreamMicro {
     writeRawBytes(bytes);
   }
 
+  /** Write a {@code byte[]} field to the stream. */
+  public void writeByteArrayNoTag(final byte [] value) throws IOException {
+    writeRawVarint32(value.length);
+    writeRawBytes(value);
+  }
+
   /** Write a {@code uint32} field to the stream. */
   public void writeUInt32NoTag(final int value) throws IOException {
     writeRawVarint32(value);
@@ -475,15 +475,6 @@ public final class CodedOutputStreamMicro {
 
   /**
    * Compute the number of bytes that would be needed to encode a
-   * {@code StringUtf8Micro} field, including tag.
-   */
-  public static int computeStringUtf8Size(final int fieldNumber,
-                                      final StringUtf8Micro value) {
-    return computeTagSize(fieldNumber) + computeStringUtf8SizeNoTag(value);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Compute the number of bytes that would be needed to encode a
    * {@code group} field, including tag.
    */
   public static int computeGroupSize(final int fieldNumber,
@@ -511,6 +502,15 @@ public final class CodedOutputStreamMicro {
 
   /**
    * Compute the number of bytes that would be needed to encode a
+   * {@code byte[]} field, including tag.
+   */
+  public static int computeByteArraySize(final int fieldNumber,
+                                     final byte[] value) {
+    return computeTagSize(fieldNumber) + computeByteArraySizeNoTag(value);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Compute the number of bytes that would be needed to encode a
    * {@code uint32} field, including tag.
    */
   public static int computeUInt32Size(final int fieldNumber, final int value) {
@@ -671,16 +671,6 @@ public final class CodedOutputStreamMicro {
 
   /**
    * Compute the number of bytes that would be needed to encode a
-   * {@code StringUtf8Micro} field.
-   */
-  public static int computeStringUtf8SizeNoTag(final StringUtf8Micro value) {
-    final byte[] bytes = value.getBytes();
-    return computeRawVarint32Size(bytes.length) +
-             bytes.length;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Compute the number of bytes that would be needed to encode a
    * {@code group} field.
    */
   public static int computeGroupSizeNoTag(final MessageMicro value) {
@@ -701,8 +691,15 @@ public final class CodedOutputStreamMicro {
    * {@code bytes} field.
    */
   public static int computeBytesSizeNoTag(final ByteStringMicro value) {
-    return computeRawVarint32Size(value.size()) +
-           value.size();
+    return computeRawVarint32Size(value.size()) + value.size();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Compute the number of bytes that would be needed to encode a
+   * {@code byte[]} field.
+   */
+  public static int computeByteArraySizeNoTag(final byte[] value) {
+    return computeRawVarint32Size(value.length) + value.length;
   }
 
   /**
diff --git a/java/src/main/java/com/google/protobuf/micro/StringUtf8Micro.java b/java/src/main/java/com/google/protobuf/micro/StringUtf8Micro.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 0c43e54..0000000
--- a/java/src/main/java/com/google/protobuf/micro/StringUtf8Micro.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,67 +0,0 @@
-// Protocol Buffers - Google's data interchange format
-// Copyright 2008 Google Inc.  All rights reserved.
-// http://code.google.com/p/protobuf/
-//
-// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
-// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
-// met:
-//
-//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
-// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
-//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
-// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
-// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
-// distribution.
-//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
-// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
-// this software without specific prior written permission.
-//
-// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
-// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
-// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
-// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
-// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
-// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
-// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
-// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
-// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
-// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
-// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
-
-package com.google.protobuf.micro;
-
-/**
- * A surogate for a String with a UTF8 representation.
- *
- * @author wink@google.com Wink Saville
- */
-public final class StringUtf8Micro {
-  private String string;
-  private byte[] bytes;
-
-  public StringUtf8Micro(String string) {
-    setString(string);
-  }
-
-  public static final StringUtf8Micro EMPTY = new StringUtf8Micro("");
-
-  public String getString() {
-    return string;
-  }
-
-  public void setString(String string) {
-    this.string = string;
-    bytes = null;
-  }
-
-  public byte [] getBytes() {
-    if (bytes == null) {
-      try {
-        bytes = string.getBytes("UTF-8");
-      } catch (java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
-        throw new RuntimeException("UTF-8 not supported.");
-      }
-    }
-    return bytes;
-  }
-}
diff --git a/java/src/test/java/com/google/protobuf/PerfTimer.java b/java/src/test/java/com/google/protobuf/PerfTimer.java
deleted file mode 100644
index d6df4ff..0000000
--- a/java/src/test/java/com/google/protobuf/PerfTimer.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,832 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2010 Google Inc.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package com.google.protobuf;
-
-import java.util.Arrays;
-
-/**
- * A Performance Timing class that can be used to estimate the amount of time a
- * sequence of code takes. The typical code sequence would be as follows:</p>
- * <code>
- PerfTimer pt = new PerfTimer();
- pt.calibrate();
- pt.timeEachAutomatically(new Runnable() = {
-    public void run() {
-        // Add code to time
-    }
- });
- System.out.printf("time per loop=" + pt);
-
- * The calibrate method determines the overhead of timing the run() method and
- * the number of times to call the run() method to have approximately 1% precision
- * for timing. The method pt.stats() method will return a string containing some
- * statistics tpl, il, ol, min, max, mean, median, stddev and total.
- *
- * tpl    ::= Timer per loop
- * min    ::= minimum time one call to run() took
- * stddev ::= Standard deviation of the collected times
- * mean   ::= the average time to call run()
- * median ::= 1/2 the times were > than this time and 1/2 were less.
- * total  ::= Sum of the times collected.
- * il     ::= innerLoops; the number of times run() between each call to start/stop
- * ol     ::= outerLoops, the number of times start/stop was called
- *
- * You can also use start/stop/restart to do simple timing:
- *
- * pt.start();
- * a += 1;
- * pt.stop();
- * pt.log("time=" + pt);
- * pt.restart();
- * doSomething();
- * pt.stop();
- * System.out.printf("time=" + pt);
- * </code>
- *
- * @author wink@google.com (Wink Saville)
- */
-public class PerfTimer {
-    /** No debug */
-    public static final int DEBUG_LEVEL_NONE = 0;
-
-    /** Some debug */
-    public static final int DEBUG_LEVEL_SOME = 1;
-
-    /** All debug */
-    public static final int DEBUG_LEVEL_ALL = 2;
-
-    /** Timer ticks per microsecond */
-    private static final double TICKS_PER_MICROSECOND = 1000.0;
-
-    /** Random number generator */
-    java.util.Random rng = new java.util.Random();
-
-    /** get ticks */
-    private static long getTicks() {
-        return System.nanoTime();
-    }
-
-    /** Debug logging */
-    private static void log(String s) {
-        System.out.printf(String.format("[PerfTimer] %s\n", s));
-    }
-
-    /** Outer loops for timeEachAutomatically */
-    private static final int OUTER_LOOPS = 100;
-
-    /** Thrown if an error occurs while timing */
-    public static class PerfTimerException extends RuntimeException {
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Calibration record
-     */
-    public static class CalibrationRec {
-        /** Runnable overhead */
-        public double mRunnableOverheadInMicros = 0.0;
-
-        /** Minimum Threshold value for timeEachAutomaticaly */
-        public double mMinThresholdInMicros = 3000.0;
-
-        /** Maximum Threshold value for timeEachAutomaticaly */
-        public double mMaxThresholdInMicros = 6000.0;
-
-        /** Desired precision in decimal digits */
-        public double mPrecisionInDecimalDigits = 2.0;
-
-        /**
-         * Default number of retries if the standard deviation ratio is too
-         * large
-         */
-        public final int mStdDevRetrys = 5;
-
-        /** Default maximum standard deviation radio */
-        public final double mMaxStdDevRatio = 0.15;
-
-        /** Number of votes looking for smallest time per loop */
-        public final int mVotes = 3;
-
-        /** Convert to string */
-        @Override
-        public String toString() {
-            return String
-                    .format(
-                            "oh=%.6fus minT=%.6fus maxT=%.6fus prc=%,.3f stdDevRetrys=%d maxStdDevRatio=%.2f votes=%d",
-                            mRunnableOverheadInMicros, mMinThresholdInMicros,
-                            mMaxThresholdInMicros, mPrecisionInDecimalDigits, mStdDevRetrys,
-                            mMaxStdDevRatio, mVotes);
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Calibration record
-     */
-    private CalibrationRec mCr;
-
-    /**
-     * Statistics calculated on the timing data.
-     */
-    public static class Stats {
-        /** Number of outer loops */
-        private int mOuterLoops;
-
-        /** Number of inner loops */
-        private int mInnerLoops;
-
-        /** Minimum time in times array */
-        private long mMin;
-
-        /** Maximum time in times array */
-        private long mMax;
-
-        /** Median value in times array */
-        private double mMedian;
-
-        /** The mean (average) of the values in times array */
-        private double mMean;
-
-        /** The standard deviation of the values in times array */
-        private double mStdDev;
-
-        private int mStdDevTooLargeCount;
-
-        /** Sum of the times in the times array */
-        private double mTotal;
-
-        /** Initialize */
-        public void init() {
-            mInnerLoops = 1;
-            mOuterLoops = 1;
-            mMin = 0;
-            mMax = 0;
-            mMedian = 0;
-            mMean = 0;
-            mStdDev = 0;
-            mStdDevTooLargeCount = 0;
-            mTotal = 0;
-        }
-
-        /** Constructor */
-        public Stats() {
-            init();
-        }
-
-        /** Set number of inner loops */
-        public void setInnerLoops(int loops) {
-            mInnerLoops = loops;
-        }
-
-        /** Get number of inner loops */
-        public int getInnerLoops() {
-            return mInnerLoops;
-        }
-
-        /** Set number of inner loops */
-        public void setOuterLoops(int loops) {
-            mOuterLoops = loops;
-        }
-
-        /** Get number of inner loops */
-        public int getOuterLoops() {
-            return mOuterLoops;
-        }
-
-        /**
-         * Minimum value of collected data in microseconds, valid after analyze.
-         */
-        public double getMinInMicros() {
-            return mMin / TICKS_PER_MICROSECOND;
-        }
-
-        /**
-         * Maximum value of collected data in microseconds, valid after analyze.
-         */
-        public double getMaxInMicros() {
-            return mMax / TICKS_PER_MICROSECOND;
-        }
-
-        /**
-         * Sum of the values of collected data in microseconds, valid after
-         * analyze.
-         */
-        public double getTotalInMicros() {
-            return mTotal / TICKS_PER_MICROSECOND;
-        }
-
-        /** Sum of the values of collected data in seconds, valid after analyze. */
-        public double getTotalInSecs() {
-            return mTotal / (TICKS_PER_MICROSECOND * 1000000.0);
-        }
-
-        /** Sum of the values of collected data in seconds, valid after analyze. */
-        public double getMeanInMicros() {
-            return mMean / TICKS_PER_MICROSECOND;
-        }
-
-        /** Median value of collected data in microseconds, valid after analyze. */
-        public double getMedianInMicros() {
-            return mMedian / TICKS_PER_MICROSECOND;
-        }
-
-        /**
-         * Standard deviation of collected data in microseconds, valid after
-         * analyze.
-         */
-        public double getStdDevInMicros() {
-            return mStdDev / TICKS_PER_MICROSECOND;
-        }
-
-        public double getStdDevRatio() {
-            return mStdDev / mMin;
-        }
-
-        /** Return true if (mStdDev / mMin) <= maxStdDevRation */
-        public boolean stdDevOk(double maxStdDevRatio) {
-            return getStdDevRatio() <= maxStdDevRatio;
-        }
-
-        /** Increment StdDevTooLargeCount */
-        public void incStdDevTooLargeCount() {
-            mStdDevTooLargeCount += 1;
-        }
-
-        /** Return number of times stdDev was not ok */
-        public int getStdDevTooLargeCount() {
-            return mStdDevTooLargeCount;
-        }
-
-        /** Return time per loop */
-        public double getTimePerLoop() {
-                return mMin / TICKS_PER_MICROSECOND / mInnerLoops;
-        }
-
-        /**
-         * Calculate the stats for the data. Note the data in the range will be
-         * sorted.
-         *
-         * @param data
-         * @param count
-         */
-        public Stats calculate(long data[], int count) {
-            if (count == 1) {
-                mMin = mMax = data[0];
-                mTotal = mMedian = mMean = data[0];
-                mStdDev = 0;
-            } else if (count > 1) {
-                Arrays.sort(data, 0, count);
-                mMin = data[0];
-                mMax = data[count - 1];
-                if ((count & 1) == 1) {
-                    mMedian = data[((count + 1) / 2) - 1];
-                } else {
-                    mMedian = (data[count / 2] + data[(count / 2) - 1]) / 2;
-                }
-                mTotal = 0;
-                double sumSquares = 0;
-                for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
-                    long t = data[i];
-                    mTotal += t;
-                    sumSquares += t * t;
-                }
-                mMean = mTotal / count;
-                double variance = (sumSquares / count) - (mMean * mMean);
-                mStdDev = Math.pow(variance, 0.5);
-            } else {
-                init();
-            }
-            return this;
-        }
-
-        /** Convert to string */
-        @Override
-            public String toString() {
-                double timePerLoop = getTimePerLoop();
-                double stdDevPerLoop = mStdDev / TICKS_PER_MICROSECOND / mInnerLoops;
-                return String.format(
-                        "tpl=%,.6fus stdDev=%,.6fus tpl/stdDev=%.2fpercent min=%,.6fus median=%,.6fus mean=%,.6fus max=%,.6fus total=%,.6fs il=%d, ol=%d tlc=%d",
-                        timePerLoop, stdDevPerLoop, (stdDevPerLoop / timePerLoop) * 100, mMin
-                        / TICKS_PER_MICROSECOND, mMedian / TICKS_PER_MICROSECOND, mMean
-                        / TICKS_PER_MICROSECOND, mMax / TICKS_PER_MICROSECOND, mTotal
-                        / (TICKS_PER_MICROSECOND * 1000000.0), mInnerLoops, mOuterLoops, mStdDevTooLargeCount);
-            }
-    }
-
-    /** Statistics */
-    private Stats mStats = new Stats();
-
-    /** Statistics of the clock precision */
-    private Stats mClockStats;
-
-    /** Number of items in times array */
-    private int mCount;
-
-    /** Array of stop - start times */
-    private long mTimes[];
-
-    /** Time of last started */
-    private long mStart;
-
-    /** Sleep a little so we don't look like a hog */
-    private void sleep() {
-        try {
-            Thread.sleep(0);
-        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
-            // Ignore exception
-        }
-    }
-
-    /** Empty Runnable used for determining overhead */
-    private Runnable mEmptyRunnable = new Runnable() {
-        public void run() {
-        }
-    };
-
-    /** Initialize */
-    private void init(int maxCount, CalibrationRec cr) {
-        mTimes = new long[maxCount];
-        mCr = cr;
-        reset();
-    }
-
-    /** Construct the stop watch */
-    public PerfTimer() {
-        init(10, new CalibrationRec());
-    }
-
-    /** Construct setting size of times array */
-    public PerfTimer(int maxCount) {
-        init(maxCount, new CalibrationRec());
-    }
-
-    /** Construct the stop watch */
-    public PerfTimer(CalibrationRec cr) {
-        init(10, cr);
-    }
-
-    /** Construct the stop watch */
-    public PerfTimer(int maxCount, CalibrationRec cr) {
-        init(maxCount, cr);
-    }
-
-    /** Reset the contents of the times array */
-    public PerfTimer reset() {
-        mCount = 0;
-        mStats.init();
-        return this;
-    }
-
-    /** Reset and then start the timer */
-    public PerfTimer restart() {
-        reset();
-        mStart = getTicks();
-        return this;
-    }
-
-    /** Start timing */
-    public PerfTimer start() {
-        mStart = getTicks();
-        return this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Record the difference between start and now in the times array
-     * incrementing count. The time will be stored in the times array if the
-     * array is not full.
-     */
-    public PerfTimer stop() {
-        long stop = getTicks();
-        if (mCount < mTimes.length) {
-            mTimes[mCount++] = stop - mStart;
-        }
-        return this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Time how long it takes to execute runnable.run() innerLoop number of
-     * times outerLoops number of times.
-     *
-     * @param outerLoops
-     * @param innerLoops
-     * @param runnable
-     * @return PerfTimer
-     */
-    public PerfTimer timeEach(Stats stats, int outerLoops, int innerLoops, Runnable runnable) {
-        reset();
-        resize(outerLoops);
-        stats.setOuterLoops(outerLoops);
-        stats.setInnerLoops(innerLoops);
-        for (int i = 0; i < outerLoops; i++) {
-            start();
-            for (int j = 0; j < innerLoops; j++) {
-                runnable.run();
-            }
-            stop();
-            sleep();
-        }
-        return this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Time how long it takes to execute runnable.run(). Runs runnable votes
-     * times and returns the Stats of the fastest run. The actual number times
-     * that runnable.run() is executes is enough times so that it runs at least
-     * minThreadholeInMicros but not greater than maxThreadholdInMicro. This
-     * minimizes the chance that long context switches influence the result.
-     *
-     * @param votes is the number of runnable will be executed to determine
-     *            fastest run
-     * @param outerLoops is the number of of times the inner loop is run
-     * @param initialInnerLoops is the initial inner loop
-     * @param maxStdDevRetrys if the maxStdDevRatio is exceeded this number of
-     *            time the PerfTimerException is thrown.
-     * @param maxStdDevRatio the ratio of the standard deviation of the run and
-     *            the time to run.
-     * @param debugLevel DEBUG_LEVEL_NONE, DEBUG_LEVEL_SOME, DEBUG_LEVEL_ALL
-     * @param runnable is the code to test.
-     * @return Stats of the fastest run.
-     */
-    public Stats timeEachAutomatically(int votes, int outerLoops, int initialInnerLoops,
-            double minThresholdInMicros, double maxThresholdInMicros, int maxStdDevRetrys,
-            double maxStdDevRatio, int debugLevel, Runnable runnable) throws PerfTimerException {
-        Stats minStats = null;
-
-        for (int v = 0; v < votes; v++) {
-            boolean successful = false;
-            Stats stats = new Stats();
-            int innerLoops = initialInnerLoops;
-
-            /* Warm up cache */
-            timeEach(stats, outerLoops, initialInnerLoops, runnable);
-
-            for (int stdDevRetrys = 0; stdDevRetrys < maxStdDevRetrys; stdDevRetrys++) {
-                /**
-                 * First time may be long enough
-                 */
-                timeEach(stats, outerLoops, innerLoops, runnable);
-                analyze(stats, mTimes, outerLoops, debugLevel);
-                double innerLoopTime = stats.getMinInMicros();
-                if ((innerLoopTime >= minThresholdInMicros
-                        - ((maxThresholdInMicros - minThresholdInMicros) / 2))) {
-                    if (stats.stdDevOk(maxStdDevRatio)) {
-                        successful = true;
-                        break;
-                    } else {
-                        stats.incStdDevTooLargeCount();
-                        if (debugLevel >= DEBUG_LEVEL_SOME) {
-                            log(String.format(
-                                    "tea: tlc=%d StdDevRatio=%.2f > maxStdDevRatio=%.2f",
-                                    stats.getStdDevTooLargeCount(), stats.getStdDevRatio(),
-                                    maxStdDevRatio));
-                        }
-                    }
-                } else {
-                    /**
-                     * The initial number of loops is too short find the number
-                     * of loops that exceeds maxThresholdInMicros. Then use a
-                     * binary search to find the approriate innerLoop value that
-                     * is between min/maxThreshold.
-                     */
-                    innerLoops *= 10;
-                    int maxInnerLoops = innerLoops;
-                    int minInnerLoops = 1;
-                    boolean binarySearch = false;
-                    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
-                        timeEach(stats, outerLoops, innerLoops, runnable);
-                        analyze(stats, mTimes, outerLoops, debugLevel);
-                        innerLoopTime = stats.getMedianInMicros();
-                        if ((innerLoopTime >= minThresholdInMicros)
-                                && (innerLoopTime <= maxThresholdInMicros)) {
-                            if (stats.stdDevOk(maxStdDevRatio)) {
-                                successful = true;
-                                break;
-                            } else {
-                                stats.incStdDevTooLargeCount();
-                                if (debugLevel >= DEBUG_LEVEL_SOME) {
-                                    log(String.format(
-                                         "tea: tlc=%d StdDevRatio=%.2f > maxStdDevRatio=%.2f",
-                                         stats.getStdDevTooLargeCount(), stats.getStdDevRatio(),
-                                         maxStdDevRatio));
-                                }
-                            }
-                        } else if (binarySearch) {
-                            if ((innerLoopTime < minThresholdInMicros)) {
-                                minInnerLoops = innerLoops;
-                            } else {
-                                maxInnerLoops = innerLoops;
-                            }
-                            innerLoops = (maxInnerLoops + minInnerLoops) / 2;
-                        } else if (innerLoopTime >= maxThresholdInMicros) {
-                            /* Found a too large value, change to binary search */
-                            binarySearch = true;
-                            maxInnerLoops = innerLoops;
-                            innerLoops = (maxInnerLoops + minInnerLoops) / 2;
-                        } else {
-                            innerLoops *= 10;
-                        }
-                    }
-                    if (successful) {
-                        break;
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-            if (!successful) {
-                /* Couldn't find the number of loops to execute */
-                throw new PerfTimerException();
-            }
-
-            /** Looking for minimum */
-            if ((minStats == null) || (minStats.getTimePerLoop() > stats.getTimePerLoop())) {
-                minStats = stats;
-            }
-            if (debugLevel >= DEBUG_LEVEL_SOME) {
-                log(String.format("minStats.getTimePerLoop=%f minStats: %s", minStats.getTimePerLoop(), minStats));
-            }
-        }
-
-        return minStats;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Time how long it takes to execute runnable.run() with a threshold of 1 to
-     * 10ms.
-     *
-     * @param debugLevel DEBUG_LEVEL_NONE, DEBUG_LEVEL_SOME, DEBUG_LEVEL_ALL
-     * @param runnable
-     * @throws PerfTimerException
-     */
-    public Stats timeEachAutomatically(int debugLevel, Runnable runnable)
-            throws PerfTimerException {
-        mStats = timeEachAutomatically(mCr.mVotes, OUTER_LOOPS, 1, mCr.mMinThresholdInMicros,
-                mCr.mMaxThresholdInMicros, mCr.mStdDevRetrys, mCr.mMaxStdDevRatio, debugLevel,
-                runnable);
-        return mStats;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Time how long it takes to execute runnable.run() with a threshold of 1 to
-     * 10ms.
-     *
-     * @param runnable
-     * @throws PerfTimerException
-     */
-    public Stats timeEachAutomatically(Runnable runnable) throws PerfTimerException {
-        mStats = timeEachAutomatically(mCr.mVotes, OUTER_LOOPS, 1, mCr.mMinThresholdInMicros,
-                mCr.mMaxThresholdInMicros, mCr.mStdDevRetrys, mCr.mMaxStdDevRatio,
-                DEBUG_LEVEL_NONE, runnable);
-        return mStats;
-    }
-
-    /** Resize the times array */
-    public void resize(int maxCount) {
-        if (maxCount > mTimes.length) {
-            mTimes = new long[maxCount];
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Analyze the data calculating the min, max, total, median, mean and
-     * stdDev. The standard deviation is calculated as sqrt(((sum of the squares
-     * of each time) / count) - mean^2)
-     * {@link "http://www.sciencebuddies.org/mentoring/project_data_analysis_variance_std_deviation.shtml"}
-     *
-     * @param debugLevel DEBUG_LEVEL_NONE, DEBUG_LEVEL_SOME, DEBUG_LEVEL_ALL
-     * @return StopWatch
-     */
-    public Stats analyze(Stats stats, long data[], int count, int debugLevel) {
-        if (count > 0) {
-            if (debugLevel >= DEBUG_LEVEL_ALL) {
-                for (int j = 0; j < count; j++) {
-                    log(String.format("data[%d]=%,dns", j, data[j]));
-                }
-            }
-            stats.calculate(data, count);
-        } else {
-            stats.init();
-        }
-        if (debugLevel >= DEBUG_LEVEL_SOME) {
-            log("stats: " + stats);
-        }
-        return stats;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Calibrate the system and set it for this PerfTimer instance
-     *
-     * @param debugLevel DEBUG_LEVEL_NONE, DEBUG_LEVEL_SOME, DEBUG_LEVEL_ALL
-     * @param precisionInDecimalDigits the precision in number of decimal digits
-     */
-    public CalibrationRec calibrate(int debugLevel, double precisionInDecimalDigits)
-            throws PerfTimerException {
-        int nonZeroCount = 0;
-        Stats stats = new Stats();
-        CalibrationRec cr = new CalibrationRec();
-
-        /* initialize the precision */
-        cr.mPrecisionInDecimalDigits = precisionInDecimalDigits;
-
-        /* Warm up the cache */
-        timeEach(stats, OUTER_LOOPS, 10, mEmptyRunnable);
-
-        /*
-         * Determine the clock stats with at least 20% non-zero unique values.
-         */
-        for (int clockStatsTries = 1; clockStatsTries < 100; clockStatsTries++) {
-            int j;
-            int i;
-            long cur;
-            long prev;
-            long min;
-
-            int innerLoops = clockStatsTries * 10;
-            timeEach(stats, OUTER_LOOPS, innerLoops, mEmptyRunnable);
-            long nonZeroValues[] = new long[mCount];
-            prev = 0;
-            for (nonZeroCount = 0, i = 0; i < mCount; i++) {
-                cur = mTimes[i];
-                if (cur > 0) {
-                    nonZeroValues[nonZeroCount++] = cur;
-                }
-            }
-            if (nonZeroCount > (mCount * 0.20)) {
-                // Calculate thresholds
-                analyze(stats, nonZeroValues, nonZeroCount, debugLevel);
-                stats.calculate(nonZeroValues, nonZeroCount);
-                cr.mMinThresholdInMicros = stats.getMeanInMicros()
-                        * Math.pow(10, cr.mPrecisionInDecimalDigits);
-                cr.mMaxThresholdInMicros = cr.mMinThresholdInMicros * 2;
-
-                // Set overhead to 0 and time the empty loop then set overhead.
-                cr.mRunnableOverheadInMicros = 0;
-                mClockStats = timeEachAutomatically(mCr.mVotes, OUTER_LOOPS, innerLoops,
-                        cr.mMinThresholdInMicros, cr.mMaxThresholdInMicros, mCr.mStdDevRetrys,
-                        mCr.mMaxStdDevRatio, debugLevel, mEmptyRunnable);
-                cr.mRunnableOverheadInMicros = mClockStats.getMinInMicros()
-                        / mClockStats.getInnerLoops();
-                break;
-            }
-            nonZeroCount = 0;
-        }
-        if (nonZeroCount == 0) {
-            throw new PerfTimerException();
-        }
-        if (debugLevel >= DEBUG_LEVEL_SOME) {
-            log(String.format("calibrate X oh=%.6fus minT=%,.6fus maxT=%,.6fus stats: %s",
-                    cr.mRunnableOverheadInMicros, cr.mMinThresholdInMicros,
-                    cr.mMaxThresholdInMicros, stats));
-        }
-        mCr = cr;
-        return mCr;
-    }
-
-    /** Calibrate the system and set it for this PerfTimer instance */
-    public CalibrationRec calibrate(double precisionInDecimalDigits) throws PerfTimerException {
-        return calibrate(DEBUG_LEVEL_NONE, precisionInDecimalDigits);
-    }
-
-    /** Calibrate the system and set it for this PerfTimer instance */
-    public CalibrationRec calibrate() throws PerfTimerException {
-        return calibrate(DEBUG_LEVEL_NONE, mCr.mPrecisionInDecimalDigits);
-    }
-
-    /*
-     * Accessors for the private data
-     */
-
-    /** Set calibration record */
-    public void setCalibrationRec(CalibrationRec cr) {
-        mCr = cr;
-    }
-
-    /** Get calibration record */
-    public CalibrationRec getCalibrationRec() {
-        return mCr;
-    }
-
-    /** Number of samples in times array. */
-    public int getCount() {
-        return mCount;
-    }
-
-    /** Minimum value of collected data in microseconds, valid after analyze. */
-    public double getMinInMicros() {
-        return mStats.getMinInMicros();
-    }
-
-    /** Maximum value of collected data in microseconds, valid after analyze. */
-    public double getMaxInMicros() {
-        return mStats.getMaxInMicros();
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Sum of the values of collected data in microseconds, valid after analyze.
-     */
-    public double getTotalInMicros() {
-        return mStats.getTotalInMicros();
-    }
-
-    /** Sum of the values of collected data in seconds, valid after analyze. */
-    public double getTotalInSecs() {
-        return mStats.getTotalInSecs();
-    }
-
-    /** Sum of the values of collected data in seconds, valid after analyze. */
-    public double getMeanInMicros() {
-        return mStats.getMeanInMicros();
-    }
-
-    /** Median value of collected data in microseconds, valid after analyze. */
-    public double getMedianInMicros() {
-        return mStats.getMedianInMicros();
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Standard deviation of collected data in microseconds, valid after
-     * analyze.
-     */
-    public double getStdDevInMicros() {
-        return mStats.getStdDevInMicros();
-    }
-
-    /** The mTimes[index] value */
-    public long getTime(int index) {
-        return mTimes[index];
-    }
-
-    /** The mTimes */
-    public long[] getTimes() {
-        return mTimes;
-    }
-
-    /** @return the clock stats as measured in calibrate */
-    public Stats getClockStats() {
-        return mClockStats;
-    }
-
-    /** @return the stats */
-    public Stats getStats() {
-        return mStats;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Convert stats to string
-     *
-     * @param debugLevel DEBUG_LEVEL_NONE, DEBUG_LEVEL_SOME, DEBUG_LEVEL_ALL
-     */
-    public String stats(int debugLevel) {
-        int innerLoops = mStats.getInnerLoops();
-        if (mCount == 0) {
-            return String.format("%,.3fus", (getTicks() - mStart) / TICKS_PER_MICROSECOND);
-        } else {
-            if (mCount == 1) {
-                return String.format("%,.3fus", getTime());
-            } else {
-                analyze(mStats, mTimes, mCount, debugLevel);
-                return mStats.toString();
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Convert string
-     */
-    public String stats() {
-        return stats(0);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Get time
-     */
-    public double getTime() {
-        int innerLoops = mStats.getInnerLoops();
-        if (mCount == 0) {
-            return (getTicks() - mStart) / TICKS_PER_MICROSECOND;
-        } else {
-            if (mCount == 1) {
-                return mStats.getTotalInMicros();
-            } else {
-                analyze(mStats, mTimes, mCount, DEBUG_LEVEL_NONE);
-                return (mStats.getMinInMicros() / innerLoops) - mCr.mRunnableOverheadInMicros;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    /** Convert to string */
-    @Override
-    public String toString() {
-        return String.format("%,.3fus", getTime());
-    }
-}