upstream: qemu-io.c

1 files changed, 781 insertions, 220 deletions

diff --git a/qemu-io.c b/qemu-io.c
index f0a17b9..bd3bd16 100644
--- a/qemu-io.c
+++ b/qemu-io.c
@@ -7,10 +7,12 @@
  * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
  * See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
  */
+#include <sys/time.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <stdarg.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <getopt.h>
+#include <libgen.h>
 
 #include "qemu-common.h"
 #include "block_int.h"
@@ -26,6 +28,26 @@ static BlockDriverState *bs;
 static int misalign;
 
 /*
+ * Parse the pattern argument to various sub-commands.
+ *
+ * Because the pattern is used as an argument to memset it must evaluate
+ * to an unsigned integer that fits into a single byte.
+ */
+static int parse_pattern(const char *arg)
+{
+	char *endptr = NULL;
+	long pattern;
+
+	pattern = strtol(arg, &endptr, 0);
+	if (pattern < 0 || pattern > UCHAR_MAX || *endptr != '\0') {
+		printf("%s is not a valid pattern byte\n", arg);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	return pattern;
+}
+
+/*
  * Memory allocation helpers.
  *
  * Make sure memory is aligned by default, or purposefully misaligned if
@@ -54,20 +76,20 @@ static void qemu_io_free(void *p)
 }
 
 static void
-dump_buffer(char *buffer, int64_t offset, int len)
+dump_buffer(const void *buffer, int64_t offset, int len)
 {
 	int i, j;
-	char *p;
+	const uint8_t *p;
 
 	for (i = 0, p = buffer; i < len; i += 16) {
-		char    *s = p;
+		const uint8_t *s = p;
 
-		printf("%08llx:  ", (unsigned long long)offset + i);
+                printf("%08" PRIx64 ":  ", offset + i);
 		for (j = 0; j < 16 && i + j < len; j++, p++)
 			printf("%02x ", *p);
 		printf(" ");
 		for (j = 0; j < 16 && i + j < len; j++, s++) {
-			if (isalnum((int)*s))
+			if (isalnum(*s))
 				printf("%c", *s);
 			else
 				printf(".");
@@ -86,8 +108,8 @@ print_report(const char *op, struct timeval *t, int64_t offset,
 	if (!Cflag) {
 		cvtstr((double)total, s1, sizeof(s1));
 		cvtstr(tdiv((double)total, *t), s2, sizeof(s2));
-		printf("%s %d/%d bytes at offset %lld\n",
-			op, total, count, (long long)offset);
+                printf("%s %d/%d bytes at offset %" PRId64 "\n",
+                       op, total, count, offset);
 		printf("%s, %d ops; %s (%s/sec and %.4f ops/sec)\n",
 			s1, cnt, ts, s2, tdiv((double)cnt, *t));
 	} else {/* bytes,ops,time,bytes/sec,ops/sec */
@@ -98,6 +120,59 @@ print_report(const char *op, struct timeval *t, int64_t offset,
 	}
 }
 
+/*
+ * Parse multiple length statements for vectored I/O, and construct an I/O
+ * vector matching it.
+ */
+static void *
+create_iovec(QEMUIOVector *qiov, char **argv, int nr_iov, int pattern)
+{
+	size_t *sizes = calloc(nr_iov, sizeof(size_t));
+	size_t count = 0;
+	void *buf = NULL;
+	void *p;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_iov; i++) {
+		char *arg = argv[i];
+                int64_t len;
+
+		len = cvtnum(arg);
+		if (len < 0) {
+			printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", arg);
+			goto fail;
+		}
+
+		/* should be SIZE_T_MAX, but that doesn't exist */
+		if (len > INT_MAX) {
+			printf("too large length argument -- %s\n", arg);
+			goto fail;
+		}
+
+		if (len & 0x1ff) {
+                        printf("length argument %" PRId64
+                               " is not sector aligned\n", len);
+			goto fail;
+		}
+
+		sizes[i] = len;
+		count += len;
+	}
+
+	qemu_iovec_init(qiov, nr_iov);
+
+	buf = p = qemu_io_alloc(count, pattern);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_iov; i++) {
+		qemu_iovec_add(qiov, p, sizes[i]);
+		p += sizes[i];
+	}
+
+fail:
+	free(sizes);
+	return buf;
+}
+
 static int do_read(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
 {
 	int ret;
@@ -136,6 +211,22 @@ static int do_pwrite(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
 	return 1;
 }
 
+static int do_load_vmstate(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
+{
+	*total = bdrv_load_vmstate(bs, (uint8_t *)buf, offset, count);
+	if (*total < 0)
+		return *total;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int do_save_vmstate(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
+{
+	*total = bdrv_save_vmstate(bs, (uint8_t *)buf, offset, count);
+	if (*total < 0)
+		return *total;
+	return 1;
+}
+
 #define NOT_DONE 0x7fffffff
 static void aio_rw_done(void *opaque, int ret)
 {
@@ -176,8 +267,47 @@ static int do_aio_writev(QEMUIOVector *qiov, int64_t offset, int *total)
 	return async_ret < 0 ? async_ret : 1;
 }
 
+struct multiwrite_async_ret {
+	int num_done;
+	int error;
+};
+
+static void multiwrite_cb(void *opaque, int ret)
+{
+	struct multiwrite_async_ret *async_ret = opaque;
+
+	async_ret->num_done++;
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		async_ret->error = ret;
+	}
+}
 
-static const cmdinfo_t read_cmd;
+static int do_aio_multiwrite(BlockRequest* reqs, int num_reqs, int *total)
+{
+	int i, ret;
+	struct multiwrite_async_ret async_ret = {
+		.num_done = 0,
+		.error = 0,
+	};
+
+	*total = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < num_reqs; i++) {
+		reqs[i].cb = multiwrite_cb;
+		reqs[i].opaque = &async_ret;
+		*total += reqs[i].qiov->size;
+	}
+
+	ret = bdrv_aio_multiwrite(bs, reqs, num_reqs);
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	while (async_ret.num_done < num_reqs) {
+		qemu_aio_wait();
+	}
+
+	return async_ret.error < 0 ? async_ret.error : 1;
+}
 
 static void
 read_help(void)
@@ -191,6 +321,7 @@ read_help(void)
 "\n"
 " Reads a segment of the currently open file, optionally dumping it to the\n"
 " standard output stream (with -v option) for subsequent inspection.\n"
+" -b, -- read from the VM state rather than the virtual disk\n"
 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
 " -l, -- length for pattern verification (only with -P)\n"
 " -p, -- use bdrv_pread to read the file\n"
@@ -201,12 +332,25 @@ read_help(void)
 "\n");
 }
 
+static int read_f(int argc, char **argv);
+
+static const cmdinfo_t read_cmd = {
+	.name		= "read",
+	.altname	= "r",
+	.cfunc		= read_f,
+	.argmin		= 2,
+	.argmax		= -1,
+	.args		= "[-abCpqv] [-P pattern [-s off] [-l len]] off len",
+	.oneline	= "reads a number of bytes at a specified offset",
+	.help		= read_help,
+};
+
 static int
 read_f(int argc, char **argv)
 {
 	struct timeval t1, t2;
 	int Cflag = 0, pflag = 0, qflag = 0, vflag = 0;
-	int Pflag = 0, sflag = 0, lflag = 0;
+	int Pflag = 0, sflag = 0, lflag = 0, bflag = 0;
 	int c, cnt;
 	char *buf;
 	int64_t offset;
@@ -215,8 +359,11 @@ read_f(int argc, char **argv)
         int total = 0;
 	int pattern = 0, pattern_offset = 0, pattern_count = 0;
 
-	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "Cl:pP:qs:v")) != EOF) {
+	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "bCl:pP:qs:v")) != EOF) {
 		switch (c) {
+		case 'b':
+			bflag = 1;
+			break;
 		case 'C':
 			Cflag = 1;
 			break;
@@ -233,7 +380,9 @@ read_f(int argc, char **argv)
 			break;
 		case 'P':
 			Pflag = 1;
-			pattern = atoi(optarg);
+			pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
+			if (pattern < 0)
+				return 0;
 			break;
 		case 'q':
 			qflag = 1;
@@ -257,6 +406,11 @@ read_f(int argc, char **argv)
 	if (optind != argc - 2)
 		return command_usage(&read_cmd);
 
+	if (bflag && pflag) {
+		printf("-b and -p cannot be specified at the same time\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+
 	offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
 	if (offset < 0) {
 		printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
@@ -285,8 +439,8 @@ read_f(int argc, char **argv)
 
 	if (!pflag)
 		if (offset & 0x1ff) {
-			printf("offset %lld is not sector aligned\n",
-				(long long)offset);
+                        printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
+                               offset);
 			return 0;
 
 		if (count & 0x1ff) {
@@ -301,28 +455,30 @@ read_f(int argc, char **argv)
 	gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
 	if (pflag)
 		cnt = do_pread(buf, offset, count, &total);
+	else if (bflag)
+		cnt = do_load_vmstate(buf, offset, count, &total);
 	else
 		cnt = do_read(buf, offset, count, &total);
 	gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
 
 	if (cnt < 0) {
 		printf("read failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt));
-		return 0;
+		goto out;
 	}
 
 	if (Pflag) {
 		void* cmp_buf = malloc(pattern_count);
 		memset(cmp_buf, pattern, pattern_count);
 		if (memcmp(buf + pattern_offset, cmp_buf, pattern_count)) {
-			printf("Pattern verification failed at offset %lld, "
-				"%d bytes\n",
-				(long long) offset + pattern_offset, pattern_count);
+			printf("Pattern verification failed at offset %"
+                               PRId64 ", %d bytes\n",
+                               offset + pattern_offset, pattern_count);
 		}
 		free(cmp_buf);
 	}
 
 	if (qflag)
-		return 0;
+		goto out;
 
         if (vflag)
 		dump_buffer(buf, offset, count);
@@ -331,24 +487,12 @@ read_f(int argc, char **argv)
 	t2 = tsub(t2, t1);
 	print_report("read", &t2, offset, count, total, cnt, Cflag);
 
+out:
 	qemu_io_free(buf);
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static const cmdinfo_t read_cmd = {
-	.name		= "read",
-	.altname	= "r",
-	.cfunc		= read_f,
-	.argmin		= 2,
-	.argmax		= -1,
-	.args		= "[-aCpqv] [-P pattern [-s off] [-l len]] off len",
-	.oneline	= "reads a number of bytes at a specified offset",
-	.help		= read_help,
-};
-
-static const cmdinfo_t readv_cmd;
-
 static void
 readv_help(void)
 {
@@ -369,16 +513,29 @@ readv_help(void)
 "\n");
 }
 
+static int readv_f(int argc, char **argv);
+
+static const cmdinfo_t readv_cmd = {
+	.name		= "readv",
+	.cfunc		= readv_f,
+	.argmin		= 2,
+	.argmax		= -1,
+	.args		= "[-Cqv] [-P pattern ] off len [len..]",
+	.oneline	= "reads a number of bytes at a specified offset",
+	.help		= readv_help,
+};
+
 static int
 readv_f(int argc, char **argv)
 {
 	struct timeval t1, t2;
 	int Cflag = 0, qflag = 0, vflag = 0;
 	int c, cnt;
-	char *buf, *p;
+	char *buf;
 	int64_t offset;
-	int count = 0, total;
-	int nr_iov, i;
+        /* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized.  */
+        int total = 0;
+	int nr_iov;
 	QEMUIOVector qiov;
 	int pattern = 0;
 	int Pflag = 0;
@@ -390,7 +547,9 @@ readv_f(int argc, char **argv)
 			break;
 		case 'P':
 			Pflag = 1;
-			pattern = atoi(optarg);
+			pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
+			if (pattern < 0)
+				return 0;
 			break;
 		case 'q':
 			qflag = 1;
@@ -415,45 +574,13 @@ readv_f(int argc, char **argv)
 	optind++;
 
 	if (offset & 0x1ff) {
-		printf("offset %lld is not sector aligned\n",
-			(long long)offset);
+                printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
+                       offset);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	if (count & 0x1ff) {
-		printf("count %d is not sector aligned\n",
-			count);
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	for (i = optind; i < argc; i++) {
-	        size_t len;
-
-		len = cvtnum(argv[i]);
-		if (len < 0) {
-			printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[i]);
-			return 0;
-		}
-		count += len;
-	}
-
 	nr_iov = argc - optind;
-	qemu_iovec_init(&qiov, nr_iov);
-	buf = p = qemu_io_alloc(count, 0xab);
-	for (i = 0; i < nr_iov; i++) {
-	        size_t len;
-
-		len = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
-		if (len < 0) {
-			printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n",
-				argv[optind]);
-			return 0;
-		}
-
-		qemu_iovec_add(&qiov, p, len);
-		p += len;
-		optind++;
-	}
+	buf = create_iovec(&qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, 0xab);
 
 	gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
 	cnt = do_aio_readv(&qiov, offset, &total);
@@ -461,22 +588,22 @@ readv_f(int argc, char **argv)
 
 	if (cnt < 0) {
 		printf("readv failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt));
-		return 0;
+		goto out;
 	}
 
 	if (Pflag) {
-		void* cmp_buf = malloc(count);
-		memset(cmp_buf, pattern, count);
-		if (memcmp(buf, cmp_buf, count)) {
-			printf("Pattern verification failed at offset %lld, "
-				"%d bytes\n",
-				(long long) offset, count);
+		void* cmp_buf = malloc(qiov.size);
+		memset(cmp_buf, pattern, qiov.size);
+		if (memcmp(buf, cmp_buf, qiov.size)) {
+			printf("Pattern verification failed at offset %"
+                               PRId64 ", %zd bytes\n",
+                               offset, qiov.size);
 		}
 		free(cmp_buf);
 	}
 
 	if (qflag)
-		return 0;
+		goto out;
 
         if (vflag)
 		dump_buffer(buf, offset, qiov.size);
@@ -485,23 +612,11 @@ readv_f(int argc, char **argv)
 	t2 = tsub(t2, t1);
 	print_report("read", &t2, offset, qiov.size, total, cnt, Cflag);
 
+out:
 	qemu_io_free(buf);
-
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static const cmdinfo_t readv_cmd = {
-	.name		= "readv",
-	.cfunc		= readv_f,
-	.argmin		= 2,
-	.argmax		= -1,
-	.args		= "[-Cqv] [-P pattern ] off len [len..]",
-	.oneline	= "reads a number of bytes at a specified offset",
-	.help		= readv_help,
-};
-
-static const cmdinfo_t write_cmd;
-
 static void
 write_help(void)
 {
@@ -514,6 +629,7 @@ write_help(void)
 "\n"
 " Writes into a segment of the currently open file, using a buffer\n"
 " filled with a set pattern (0xcdcdcdcd).\n"
+" -b, -- write to the VM state rather than the virtual disk\n"
 " -p, -- use bdrv_pwrite to write the file\n"
 " -P, -- use different pattern to fill file\n"
 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
@@ -521,11 +637,24 @@ write_help(void)
 "\n");
 }
 
+static int write_f(int argc, char **argv);
+
+static const cmdinfo_t write_cmd = {
+	.name		= "write",
+	.altname	= "w",
+	.cfunc		= write_f,
+	.argmin		= 2,
+	.argmax		= -1,
+	.args		= "[-abCpq] [-P pattern ] off len",
+	.oneline	= "writes a number of bytes at a specified offset",
+	.help		= write_help,
+};
+
 static int
 write_f(int argc, char **argv)
 {
 	struct timeval t1, t2;
-	int Cflag = 0, pflag = 0, qflag = 0;
+	int Cflag = 0, pflag = 0, qflag = 0, bflag = 0;
 	int c, cnt;
 	char *buf;
 	int64_t offset;
@@ -534,8 +663,11 @@ write_f(int argc, char **argv)
         int total = 0;
 	int pattern = 0xcd;
 
-	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CpP:q")) != EOF) {
+	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "bCpP:q")) != EOF) {
 		switch (c) {
+		case 'b':
+			bflag = 1;
+			break;
 		case 'C':
 			Cflag = 1;
 			break;
@@ -543,7 +675,9 @@ write_f(int argc, char **argv)
 			pflag = 1;
 			break;
 		case 'P':
-			pattern = atoi(optarg);
+			pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
+			if (pattern < 0)
+				return 0;
 			break;
 		case 'q':
 			qflag = 1;
@@ -556,6 +690,11 @@ write_f(int argc, char **argv)
 	if (optind != argc - 2)
 		return command_usage(&write_cmd);
 
+	if (bflag && pflag) {
+		printf("-b and -p cannot be specified at the same time\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+
 	offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
 	if (offset < 0) {
 		printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
@@ -571,8 +710,8 @@ write_f(int argc, char **argv)
 
 	if (!pflag) {
 		if (offset & 0x1ff) {
-			printf("offset %lld is not sector aligned\n",
-				(long long)offset);
+                        printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
+                               offset);
 			return 0;
 		}
 
@@ -588,40 +727,30 @@ write_f(int argc, char **argv)
 	gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
 	if (pflag)
 		cnt = do_pwrite(buf, offset, count, &total);
+	else if (bflag)
+		cnt = do_save_vmstate(buf, offset, count, &total);
 	else
 		cnt = do_write(buf, offset, count, &total);
 	gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
 
 	if (cnt < 0) {
 		printf("write failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt));
-		return 0;
+		goto out;
 	}
 
 	if (qflag)
-		return 0;
+		goto out;
 
 	/* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
 	t2 = tsub(t2, t1);
 	print_report("wrote", &t2, offset, count, total, cnt, Cflag);
 
+out:
 	qemu_io_free(buf);
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static const cmdinfo_t write_cmd = {
-	.name		= "write",
-	.altname	= "w",
-	.cfunc		= write_f,
-	.argmin		= 2,
-	.argmax		= -1,
-	.args		= "[-aCpq] [-P pattern ] off len",
-	.oneline	= "writes a number of bytes at a specified offset",
-	.help		= write_help,
-};
-
-static const cmdinfo_t writev_cmd;
-
 static void
 writev_help(void)
 {
@@ -640,16 +769,29 @@ writev_help(void)
 "\n");
 }
 
+static int writev_f(int argc, char **argv);
+
+static const cmdinfo_t writev_cmd = {
+	.name		= "writev",
+	.cfunc		= writev_f,
+	.argmin		= 2,
+	.argmax		= -1,
+	.args		= "[-Cq] [-P pattern ] off len [len..]",
+	.oneline	= "writes a number of bytes at a specified offset",
+	.help		= writev_help,
+};
+
 static int
 writev_f(int argc, char **argv)
 {
 	struct timeval t1, t2;
 	int Cflag = 0, qflag = 0;
 	int c, cnt;
-	char *buf, *p;
+	char *buf;
 	int64_t offset;
-	int count = 0, total;
-	int nr_iov, i;
+        /* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized.  */
+        int total = 0;
+	int nr_iov;
 	int pattern = 0xcd;
 	QEMUIOVector qiov;
 
@@ -662,7 +804,9 @@ writev_f(int argc, char **argv)
 			qflag = 1;
 			break;
 		case 'P':
-			pattern = atoi(optarg);
+			pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
+			if (pattern < 0)
+				return 0;
 			break;
 		default:
 			return command_usage(&writev_cmd);
@@ -680,76 +824,469 @@ writev_f(int argc, char **argv)
 	optind++;
 
 	if (offset & 0x1ff) {
-		printf("offset %lld is not sector aligned\n",
-			(long long)offset);
+                printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
+                       offset);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	if (count & 0x1ff) {
-		printf("count %d is not sector aligned\n",
-			count);
-		return 0;
+	nr_iov = argc - optind;
+	buf = create_iovec(&qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, pattern);
+
+	gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
+	cnt = do_aio_writev(&qiov, offset, &total);
+	gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
+
+	if (cnt < 0) {
+		printf("writev failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt));
+		goto out;
 	}
 
+	if (qflag)
+		goto out;
 
-	for (i = optind; i < argc; i++) {
-	        size_t len;
+	/* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
+	t2 = tsub(t2, t1);
+	print_report("wrote", &t2, offset, qiov.size, total, cnt, Cflag);
+out:
+	qemu_io_free(buf);
+	return 0;
+}
 
-		len = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
-		if (len < 0) {
-			printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[i]);
-			return 0;
+static void
+multiwrite_help(void)
+{
+	printf(
+"\n"
+" writes a range of bytes from the given offset source from multiple buffers,\n"
+" in a batch of requests that may be merged by qemu\n"
+"\n"
+" Example:\n"
+" 'multiwrite 512 1k 1k ; 4k 1k' \n"
+"  writes 2 kB at 512 bytes and 1 kB at 4 kB into the open file\n"
+"\n"
+" Writes into a segment of the currently open file, using a buffer\n"
+" filled with a set pattern (0xcdcdcdcd). The pattern byte is increased\n"
+" by one for each request contained in the multiwrite command.\n"
+" -P, -- use different pattern to fill file\n"
+" -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
+" -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
+"\n");
+}
+
+static int multiwrite_f(int argc, char **argv);
+
+static const cmdinfo_t multiwrite_cmd = {
+	.name		= "multiwrite",
+	.cfunc		= multiwrite_f,
+	.argmin		= 2,
+	.argmax		= -1,
+	.args		= "[-Cq] [-P pattern ] off len [len..] [; off len [len..]..]",
+	.oneline	= "issues multiple write requests at once",
+	.help		= multiwrite_help,
+};
+
+static int
+multiwrite_f(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	struct timeval t1, t2;
+	int Cflag = 0, qflag = 0;
+	int c, cnt;
+	char **buf;
+	int64_t offset, first_offset = 0;
+	/* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized.  */
+	int total = 0;
+	int nr_iov;
+	int nr_reqs;
+	int pattern = 0xcd;
+	QEMUIOVector *qiovs;
+	int i;
+	BlockRequest *reqs;
+
+	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CqP:")) != EOF) {
+		switch (c) {
+		case 'C':
+			Cflag = 1;
+			break;
+		case 'q':
+			qflag = 1;
+			break;
+		case 'P':
+			pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
+			if (pattern < 0)
+				return 0;
+			break;
+		default:
+			return command_usage(&writev_cmd);
 		}
-		count += len;
 	}
 
-	nr_iov = argc - optind;
-	qemu_iovec_init(&qiov, nr_iov);
-	buf = p = qemu_io_alloc(count, pattern);
-	for (i = 0; i < nr_iov; i++) {
-	        size_t len;
+	if (optind > argc - 2)
+		return command_usage(&writev_cmd);
 
-		len = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
-		if (len < 0) {
-			printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n",
-				argv[optind]);
-			return 0;
+	nr_reqs = 1;
+	for (i = optind; i < argc; i++) {
+		if (!strcmp(argv[i], ";")) {
+			nr_reqs++;
 		}
+	}
 
-		qemu_iovec_add(&qiov, p, len);
-		p += len;
+	reqs = qemu_malloc(nr_reqs * sizeof(*reqs));
+	buf = qemu_malloc(nr_reqs * sizeof(*buf));
+	qiovs = qemu_malloc(nr_reqs * sizeof(*qiovs));
+
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_reqs; i++) {
+		int j;
+
+		/* Read the offset of the request */
+		offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
+		if (offset < 0) {
+			printf("non-numeric offset argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
+			return 0;
+		}
 		optind++;
+
+		if (offset & 0x1ff) {
+			printf("offset %lld is not sector aligned\n",
+				(long long)offset);
+			return 0;
+		}
+
+        if (i == 0) {
+            first_offset = offset;
+        }
+
+		/* Read lengths for qiov entries */
+		for (j = optind; j < argc; j++) {
+			if (!strcmp(argv[j], ";")) {
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+
+		nr_iov = j - optind;
+
+		/* Build request */
+		reqs[i].qiov = &qiovs[i];
+		buf[i] = create_iovec(reqs[i].qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, pattern);
+		reqs[i].sector = offset >> 9;
+		reqs[i].nb_sectors = reqs[i].qiov->size >> 9;
+
+		optind = j + 1;
+
+		offset += reqs[i].qiov->size;
+		pattern++;
 	}
 
 	gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
-	cnt = do_aio_writev(&qiov, offset, &total);
+	cnt = do_aio_multiwrite(reqs, nr_reqs, &total);
 	gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
 
 	if (cnt < 0) {
-		printf("writev failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt));
-		return 0;
+		printf("aio_multiwrite failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt));
+		goto out;
 	}
 
 	if (qflag)
-		return 0;
+		goto out;
 
 	/* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
 	t2 = tsub(t2, t1);
-	print_report("wrote", &t2, offset, qiov.size, total, cnt, Cflag);
+	print_report("wrote", &t2, first_offset, total, total, cnt, Cflag);
+out:
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_reqs; i++) {
+		qemu_io_free(buf[i]);
+		qemu_iovec_destroy(&qiovs[i]);
+	}
+	qemu_free(buf);
+	qemu_free(reqs);
+	qemu_free(qiovs);
+	return 0;
+}
 
-	qemu_io_free(buf);
+struct aio_ctx {
+	QEMUIOVector qiov;
+	int64_t offset;
+	char *buf;
+	int qflag;
+	int vflag;
+	int Cflag;
+	int Pflag;
+	int pattern;
+	struct timeval t1;
+};
+
+static void
+aio_write_done(void *opaque, int ret)
+{
+	struct aio_ctx *ctx = opaque;
+	struct timeval t2;
+
+	gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
+
+
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		printf("aio_write failed: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (ctx->qflag) {
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	/* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
+	t2 = tsub(t2, ctx->t1);
+	print_report("wrote", &t2, ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size,
+		     ctx->qiov.size, 1, ctx->Cflag);
+out:
+	qemu_io_free(ctx->buf);
+	free(ctx);
+}
+
+static void
+aio_read_done(void *opaque, int ret)
+{
+	struct aio_ctx *ctx = opaque;
+	struct timeval t2;
+
+	gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
+
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		printf("readv failed: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (ctx->Pflag) {
+		void *cmp_buf = malloc(ctx->qiov.size);
+
+		memset(cmp_buf, ctx->pattern, ctx->qiov.size);
+		if (memcmp(ctx->buf, cmp_buf, ctx->qiov.size)) {
+			printf("Pattern verification failed at offset %"
+                               PRId64 ", %zd bytes\n",
+                               ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size);
+		}
+		free(cmp_buf);
+	}
+
+	if (ctx->qflag) {
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (ctx->vflag) {
+		dump_buffer(ctx->buf, ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size);
+	}
+
+	/* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
+	t2 = tsub(t2, ctx->t1);
+	print_report("read", &t2, ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size,
+		     ctx->qiov.size, 1, ctx->Cflag);
+out:
+	qemu_io_free(ctx->buf);
+	free(ctx);
+}
+
+static void
+aio_read_help(void)
+{
+	printf(
+"\n"
+" asynchronously reads a range of bytes from the given offset\n"
+"\n"
+" Example:\n"
+" 'aio_read -v 512 1k 1k ' - dumps 2 kilobytes read from 512 bytes into the file\n"
+"\n"
+" Reads a segment of the currently open file, optionally dumping it to the\n"
+" standard output stream (with -v option) for subsequent inspection.\n"
+" The read is performed asynchronously and the aio_flush command must be\n"
+" used to ensure all outstanding aio requests have been completed\n"
+" -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
+" -P, -- use a pattern to verify read data\n"
+" -v, -- dump buffer to standard output\n"
+" -q, -- quite mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
+"\n");
+}
+
+static int aio_read_f(int argc, char **argv);
+
+static const cmdinfo_t aio_read_cmd = {
+	.name		= "aio_read",
+	.cfunc		= aio_read_f,
+	.argmin		= 2,
+	.argmax		= -1,
+	.args		= "[-Cqv] [-P pattern ] off len [len..]",
+	.oneline	= "asynchronously reads a number of bytes",
+	.help		= aio_read_help,
+};
+
+static int
+aio_read_f(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	int nr_iov, c;
+	struct aio_ctx *ctx = calloc(1, sizeof(struct aio_ctx));
+	BlockDriverAIOCB *acb;
+
+	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CP:qv")) != EOF) {
+		switch (c) {
+		case 'C':
+			ctx->Cflag = 1;
+			break;
+		case 'P':
+			ctx->Pflag = 1;
+			ctx->pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
+			if (ctx->pattern < 0)
+				return 0;
+			break;
+		case 'q':
+			ctx->qflag = 1;
+			break;
+		case 'v':
+			ctx->vflag = 1;
+			break;
+		default:
+			free(ctx);
+			return command_usage(&aio_read_cmd);
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (optind > argc - 2) {
+		free(ctx);
+		return command_usage(&aio_read_cmd);
+	}
+
+	ctx->offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
+	if (ctx->offset < 0) {
+		printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
+		free(ctx);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	optind++;
+
+	if (ctx->offset & 0x1ff) {
+		printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
+                       ctx->offset);
+		free(ctx);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	nr_iov = argc - optind;
+	ctx->buf = create_iovec(&ctx->qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, 0xab);
+
+	gettimeofday(&ctx->t1, NULL);
+	acb = bdrv_aio_readv(bs, ctx->offset >> 9, &ctx->qiov,
+			      ctx->qiov.size >> 9, aio_read_done, ctx);
+	if (!acb) {
+		free(ctx->buf);
+		free(ctx);
+		return -EIO;
+	}
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static const cmdinfo_t writev_cmd = {
-	.name		= "writev",
-	.cfunc		= writev_f,
+static void
+aio_write_help(void)
+{
+	printf(
+"\n"
+" asynchronously writes a range of bytes from the given offset source \n"
+" from multiple buffers\n"
+"\n"
+" Example:\n"
+" 'aio_write 512 1k 1k' - writes 2 kilobytes at 512 bytes into the open file\n"
+"\n"
+" Writes into a segment of the currently open file, using a buffer\n"
+" filled with a set pattern (0xcdcdcdcd).\n"
+" The write is performed asynchronously and the aio_flush command must be\n"
+" used to ensure all outstanding aio requests have been completed\n"
+" -P, -- use different pattern to fill file\n"
+" -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
+" -q, -- quite mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
+"\n");
+}
+
+static int aio_write_f(int argc, char **argv);
+
+static const cmdinfo_t aio_write_cmd = {
+	.name		= "aio_write",
+	.cfunc		= aio_write_f,
 	.argmin		= 2,
 	.argmax		= -1,
 	.args		= "[-Cq] [-P pattern ] off len [len..]",
-	.oneline	= "writes a number of bytes at a specified offset",
-	.help		= writev_help,
+	.oneline	= "asynchronously writes a number of bytes",
+	.help		= aio_write_help,
+};
+
+static int
+aio_write_f(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	int nr_iov, c;
+	int pattern = 0xcd;
+	struct aio_ctx *ctx = calloc(1, sizeof(struct aio_ctx));
+	BlockDriverAIOCB *acb;
+
+	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CqP:")) != EOF) {
+		switch (c) {
+		case 'C':
+			ctx->Cflag = 1;
+			break;
+		case 'q':
+			ctx->qflag = 1;
+			break;
+		case 'P':
+			pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
+			if (pattern < 0)
+				return 0;
+			break;
+		default:
+			free(ctx);
+			return command_usage(&aio_write_cmd);
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (optind > argc - 2) {
+		free(ctx);
+		return command_usage(&aio_write_cmd);
+	}
+
+	ctx->offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
+	if (ctx->offset < 0) {
+		printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
+		free(ctx);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	optind++;
+
+	if (ctx->offset & 0x1ff) {
+		printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
+                       ctx->offset);
+		free(ctx);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	nr_iov = argc - optind;
+	ctx->buf = create_iovec(&ctx->qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, pattern);
+
+	gettimeofday(&ctx->t1, NULL);
+	acb = bdrv_aio_writev(bs, ctx->offset >> 9, &ctx->qiov,
+			      ctx->qiov.size >> 9, aio_write_done, ctx);
+	if (!acb) {
+		free(ctx->buf);
+		free(ctx);
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+aio_flush_f(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	qemu_aio_flush();
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const cmdinfo_t aio_flush_cmd = {
+	.name		= "aio_flush",
+	.cfunc		= aio_flush_f,
+	.oneline	= "completes all outstanding aio requests"
 };
 
 static int
@@ -780,7 +1317,7 @@ truncate_f(int argc, char **argv)
 
 	ret = bdrv_truncate(bs, offset);
 	if (ret < 0) {
-		printf("truncate: %s", strerror(ret));
+		printf("truncate: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -805,7 +1342,7 @@ length_f(int argc, char **argv)
 
 	size = bdrv_getlength(bs);
 	if (size < 0) {
-		printf("getlength: %s", strerror(size));
+		printf("getlength: %s\n", strerror(-size));
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -861,16 +1398,15 @@ static int
 alloc_f(int argc, char **argv)
 {
 	int64_t offset;
-	int nb_sectors;
+	int nb_sectors, remaining;
 	char s1[64];
-	int num;
+	int num, sum_alloc;
 	int ret;
-	const char *retstr;
 
 	offset = cvtnum(argv[1]);
 	if (offset & 0x1ff) {
-		printf("offset %lld is not sector aligned\n",
-			(long long)offset);
+                printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
+                       offset);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -879,16 +1415,20 @@ alloc_f(int argc, char **argv)
 	else
 		nb_sectors = 1;
 
-	ret = bdrv_is_allocated(bs, offset >> 9, nb_sectors, &num);
+	remaining = nb_sectors;
+	sum_alloc = 0;
+	while (remaining) {
+		ret = bdrv_is_allocated(bs, offset >> 9, nb_sectors, &num);
+		remaining -= num;
+		if (ret) {
+			sum_alloc += num;
+		}
+	}
 
 	cvtstr(offset, s1, sizeof(s1));
 
-	retstr = ret ? "allocated" : "not allocated";
-	if (nb_sectors == 1)
-		printf("sector %s at offset %s\n", retstr, s1);
-	else
-		printf("%d/%d sectors %s at offset %s\n",
-			num, nb_sectors, retstr, s1);
+	printf("%d/%d sectors allocated at offset %s\n",
+	       sum_alloc, nb_sectors, s1);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -917,21 +1457,28 @@ static const cmdinfo_t close_cmd = {
 	.oneline	= "close the current open file",
 };
 
-static int openfile(char *name, int flags)
+static int openfile(char *name, int flags, int growable)
 {
 	if (bs) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "file open already, try 'help close'\n");
 		return 1;
 	}
 
-	bs = bdrv_new("hda");
-	if (!bs)
-		return 1;
-
-	if (bdrv_open(bs, name, flags) == -1) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't open device %s\n", progname, name);
-		bs = NULL;
-		return 1;
+	if (growable) {
+		if (bdrv_file_open(&bs, name, flags)) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't open device %s\n", progname, name);
+			return 1;
+		}
+	} else {
+		bs = bdrv_new("hda");
+		if (!bs)
+			return 1;
+
+		if (bdrv_open(bs, name, flags, NULL) < 0) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't open device %s\n", progname, name);
+			bs = NULL;
+			return 1;
+		}
 	}
 
 	return 0;
@@ -948,23 +1495,36 @@ open_help(void)
 " 'open -Cn /tmp/data' - creates/opens data file read-write and uncached\n"
 "\n"
 " Opens a file for subsequent use by all of the other qemu-io commands.\n"
-" -C, -- create new file if it doesn't exist\n"
 " -r, -- open file read-only\n"
 " -s, -- use snapshot file\n"
 " -n, -- disable host cache\n"
+" -g, -- allow file to grow (only applies to protocols)"
 "\n");
 }
 
-static const cmdinfo_t open_cmd;
+static int open_f(int argc, char **argv);
+
+static const cmdinfo_t open_cmd = {
+	.name		= "open",
+	.altname	= "o",
+	.cfunc		= open_f,
+	.argmin		= 1,
+	.argmax		= -1,
+	.flags		= CMD_NOFILE_OK,
+	.args		= "[-Crsn] [path]",
+	.oneline	= "open the file specified by path",
+	.help		= open_help,
+};
 
 static int
 open_f(int argc, char **argv)
 {
 	int flags = 0;
 	int readonly = 0;
+	int growable = 0;
 	int c;
 
-	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "snCr")) != EOF) {
+	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "snrg")) != EOF) {
 		switch (c) {
 		case 's':
 			flags |= BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT;
@@ -972,40 +1532,27 @@ open_f(int argc, char **argv)
 		case 'n':
 			flags |= BDRV_O_NOCACHE;
 			break;
-		case 'C':
-			flags |= BDRV_O_CREAT;
-			break;
 		case 'r':
 			readonly = 1;
 			break;
+		case 'g':
+			growable = 1;
+			break;
 		default:
 			return command_usage(&open_cmd);
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (readonly)
-		flags |= BDRV_O_RDONLY;
-	else
-		flags |= BDRV_O_RDWR;
+	if (!readonly) {
+            flags |= BDRV_O_RDWR;
+        }
 
 	if (optind != argc - 1)
 		return command_usage(&open_cmd);
 
-	return openfile(argv[optind], flags);
+	return openfile(argv[optind], flags, growable);
 }
 
-static const cmdinfo_t open_cmd = {
-	.name		= "open",
-	.altname	= "o",
-	.cfunc		= open_f,
-	.argmin		= 1,
-	.argmax		= -1,
-	.flags		= CMD_NOFILE_OK,
-	.args		= "[-Crsn] [path]",
-	.oneline	= "open the file specified by path",
-	.help		= open_help,
-};
-
 static int
 init_args_command(
         int     index)
@@ -1032,15 +1579,16 @@ init_check_command(
 static void usage(const char *name)
 {
 	printf(
-"Usage: %s [-h] [-V] [-Crsnm] [-c cmd] ... [file]\n"
-"QEMU Disk excerciser\n"
+"Usage: %s [-h] [-V] [-rsnm] [-c cmd] ... [file]\n"
+"QEMU Disk exerciser\n"
 "\n"
-"  -C, --create         create new file if it doesn't exist\n"
 "  -c, --cmd            command to execute\n"
 "  -r, --read-only      export read-only\n"
 "  -s, --snapshot       use snapshot file\n"
 "  -n, --nocache        disable host cache\n"
+"  -g, --growable       allow file to grow (only applies to protocols)\n"
 "  -m, --misalign       misalign allocations for O_DIRECT\n"
+"  -k, --native-aio     use kernel AIO implementation (on Linux only)\n"
 "  -h, --help           display this help and exit\n"
 "  -V, --version        output version information and exit\n"
 "\n",
@@ -1051,18 +1599,20 @@ static void usage(const char *name)
 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
 	int readonly = 0;
-	const char *sopt = "hVc:Crsnm";
-	struct option lopt[] = {
-		{ "help", 0, 0, 'h' },
-		{ "version", 0, 0, 'V' },
-		{ "offset", 1, 0, 'o' },
-		{ "cmd", 1, 0, 'c' },
-		{ "create", 0, 0, 'C' },
-		{ "read-only", 0, 0, 'r' },
-		{ "snapshot", 0, 0, 's' },
-		{ "nocache", 0, 0, 'n' },
-		{ "misalign", 0, 0, 'm' },
-		{ NULL, 0, 0, 0 }
+	int growable = 0;
+	const char *sopt = "hVc:rsnmgk";
+        const struct option lopt[] = {
+		{ "help", 0, NULL, 'h' },
+		{ "version", 0, NULL, 'V' },
+		{ "offset", 1, NULL, 'o' },
+		{ "cmd", 1, NULL, 'c' },
+		{ "read-only", 0, NULL, 'r' },
+		{ "snapshot", 0, NULL, 's' },
+		{ "nocache", 0, NULL, 'n' },
+		{ "misalign", 0, NULL, 'm' },
+		{ "growable", 0, NULL, 'g' },
+		{ "native-aio", 0, NULL, 'k' },
+		{ NULL, 0, NULL, 0 }
 	};
 	int c;
 	int opt_index = 0;
@@ -1081,15 +1631,18 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		case 'c':
 			add_user_command(optarg);
 			break;
-		case 'C':
-			flags |= BDRV_O_CREAT;
-			break;
 		case 'r':
 			readonly = 1;
 			break;
 		case 'm':
 			misalign = 1;
 			break;
+		case 'g':
+			growable = 1;
+			break;
+		case 'k':
+			flags |= BDRV_O_NATIVE_AIO;
+			break;
 		case 'V':
 			printf("%s version %s\n", progname, VERSION);
 			exit(0);
@@ -1118,6 +1671,10 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	add_command(&readv_cmd);
 	add_command(&write_cmd);
 	add_command(&writev_cmd);
+	add_command(&multiwrite_cmd);
+	add_command(&aio_read_cmd);
+	add_command(&aio_write_cmd);
+	add_command(&aio_flush_cmd);
 	add_command(&flush_cmd);
 	add_command(&truncate_cmd);
 	add_command(&length_cmd);
@@ -1128,15 +1685,19 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	add_check_command(init_check_command);
 
 	/* open the device */
-	if (readonly)
-		flags |= BDRV_O_RDONLY;
-	else
-		flags |= BDRV_O_RDWR;
+	if (!readonly) {
+            flags |= BDRV_O_RDWR;
+        }
 
 	if ((argc - optind) == 1)
-		openfile(argv[optind], flags);
+		openfile(argv[optind], flags, growable);
 	command_loop();
 
+	/*
+	 * Make sure all outstanding requests get flushed the program exits.
+	 */
+	qemu_aio_flush();
+
 	if (bs)
 		bdrv_close(bs);
 	return 0;