resolved conflicts for merge of 3fc5e3ca to lmp-mr1-dev-plus-aosp

Change-Id: Id8286e5a4381315a6060251a8055b0f1d1a96019

104 files changed, 926 insertions, 1235 deletions

diff --git a/core/jni/Android.mk b/core/jni/Android.mk
index d53a5b8..97e0fd3c 100644
--- a/core/jni/Android.mk
+++ b/core/jni/Android.mk
@@ -265,6 +265,10 @@ LOCAL_MODULE:= libandroid_runtime
 #                       off a GCC warning that Clang doesn't know.
 LOCAL_CFLAGS += -Wall -Werror -Wunused -Wunreachable-code -Wno-unknown-pragmas
 
+# -Wno-c++11-extensions: Clang warns about Skia using the C++11 override keyword, but this project
+#                        is not being compiled with that level. Remove once this has changed.
+LOCAL_CFLAGS += -Wno-c++11-extensions
+
 include $(BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY)
 
 include $(call all-makefiles-under,$(LOCAL_PATH))
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/AutoDecodeCancel.h b/core/jni/android/graphics/AutoDecodeCancel.h
index 37b86f9..dd6a0d4 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/AutoDecodeCancel.h
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/AutoDecodeCancel.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-#ifndef AutoDecodeCancel_DEFINED
-#define AutoDecodeCancel_DEFINED
+#ifndef _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_AUTO_DECODE_CANCEL_H_
+#define _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_AUTO_DECODE_CANCEL_H_
 
 #include <jni.h>
 #include "SkImageDecoder.h"
@@ -24,4 +24,4 @@ private:
 #endif
 };
 
-#endif
+#endif  // _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_AUTO_DECODE_CANCEL_H_
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/Bitmap.cpp b/core/jni/android/graphics/Bitmap.cpp
index 61a34e5..ceec0e3 100755
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/Bitmap.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/Bitmap.cpp
@@ -15,16 +15,12 @@
 #include "android_nio_utils.h"
 #include "CreateJavaOutputStreamAdaptor.h"
 
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
+
 #include <jni.h>
 
 #include <ResourceCache.h>
 
-#if 0
-    #define TRACE_BITMAP(code)  code
-#else
-    #define TRACE_BITMAP(code)
-#endif
-
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 // Conversions to/from SkColor, for get/setPixels, and the create method, which
 // is basically like setPixels
@@ -876,8 +872,6 @@ static void Bitmap_prepareToDraw(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jlong bitmapHandle) {
 
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
-
 static JNINativeMethod gBitmapMethods[] = {
     {   "nativeCreate",             "([IIIIIIZ)Landroid/graphics/Bitmap;",
         (void*)Bitmap_creator },
@@ -917,10 +911,8 @@ static JNINativeMethod gBitmapMethods[] = {
     {   "nativePrepareToDraw",      "(J)V", (void*)Bitmap_prepareToDraw },
 };
 
-#define kClassPathName  "android/graphics/Bitmap"
-
 int register_android_graphics_Bitmap(JNIEnv* env)
 {
-    return android::AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, kClassPathName,
-                                gBitmapMethods, SK_ARRAY_COUNT(gBitmapMethods));
+    return android::RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/Bitmap", gBitmapMethods,
+                                         NELEM(gBitmapMethods));
 }
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/BitmapFactory.cpp b/core/jni/android/graphics/BitmapFactory.cpp
index 0e08a8d..099f1b0 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/BitmapFactory.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/BitmapFactory.cpp
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 #include "JNIHelp.h"
 #include "GraphicsJNI.h"
 
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 #include <androidfw/Asset.h>
 #include <androidfw/ResourceTypes.h>
 #include <cutils/compiler.h>
@@ -574,52 +574,40 @@ static JNINativeMethod gOptionsMethods[] = {
     {   "requestCancel", "()V", (void*)nativeRequestCancel }
 };
 
-static jfieldID getFieldIDCheck(JNIEnv* env, jclass clazz,
-                                const char fieldname[], const char type[]) {
-    jfieldID id = env->GetFieldID(clazz, fieldname, type);
-    SkASSERT(id);
-    return id;
-}
-
 int register_android_graphics_BitmapFactory(JNIEnv* env) {
-    jclass options_class = env->FindClass("android/graphics/BitmapFactory$Options");
-    SkASSERT(options_class);
-    gOptions_bitmapFieldID = getFieldIDCheck(env, options_class, "inBitmap",
+    jclass options_class = FindClassOrDie(env, "android/graphics/BitmapFactory$Options");
+    gOptions_bitmapFieldID = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, options_class, "inBitmap",
             "Landroid/graphics/Bitmap;");
-    gOptions_justBoundsFieldID = getFieldIDCheck(env, options_class, "inJustDecodeBounds", "Z");
-    gOptions_sampleSizeFieldID = getFieldIDCheck(env, options_class, "inSampleSize", "I");
-    gOptions_configFieldID = getFieldIDCheck(env, options_class, "inPreferredConfig",
+    gOptions_justBoundsFieldID = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, options_class, "inJustDecodeBounds", "Z");
+    gOptions_sampleSizeFieldID = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, options_class, "inSampleSize", "I");
+    gOptions_configFieldID = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, options_class, "inPreferredConfig",
             "Landroid/graphics/Bitmap$Config;");
-    gOptions_premultipliedFieldID = getFieldIDCheck(env, options_class, "inPremultiplied", "Z");
-    gOptions_mutableFieldID = getFieldIDCheck(env, options_class, "inMutable", "Z");
-    gOptions_ditherFieldID = getFieldIDCheck(env, options_class, "inDither", "Z");
-    gOptions_preferQualityOverSpeedFieldID = getFieldIDCheck(env, options_class,
+    gOptions_premultipliedFieldID = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, options_class, "inPremultiplied", "Z");
+    gOptions_mutableFieldID = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, options_class, "inMutable", "Z");
+    gOptions_ditherFieldID = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, options_class, "inDither", "Z");
+    gOptions_preferQualityOverSpeedFieldID = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, options_class,
             "inPreferQualityOverSpeed", "Z");
-    gOptions_scaledFieldID = getFieldIDCheck(env, options_class, "inScaled", "Z");
-    gOptions_densityFieldID = getFieldIDCheck(env, options_class, "inDensity", "I");
-    gOptions_screenDensityFieldID = getFieldIDCheck(env, options_class, "inScreenDensity", "I");
-    gOptions_targetDensityFieldID = getFieldIDCheck(env, options_class, "inTargetDensity", "I");
-    gOptions_widthFieldID = getFieldIDCheck(env, options_class, "outWidth", "I");
-    gOptions_heightFieldID = getFieldIDCheck(env, options_class, "outHeight", "I");
-    gOptions_mimeFieldID = getFieldIDCheck(env, options_class, "outMimeType", "Ljava/lang/String;");
-    gOptions_mCancelID = getFieldIDCheck(env, options_class, "mCancel", "Z");
-
-    jclass bitmap_class = env->FindClass("android/graphics/Bitmap");
-    SkASSERT(bitmap_class);
-    gBitmap_nativeBitmapFieldID = getFieldIDCheck(env, bitmap_class, "mNativeBitmap", "J");
-    gBitmap_ninePatchInsetsFieldID = getFieldIDCheck(env, bitmap_class, "mNinePatchInsets",
+    gOptions_scaledFieldID = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, options_class, "inScaled", "Z");
+    gOptions_densityFieldID = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, options_class, "inDensity", "I");
+    gOptions_screenDensityFieldID = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, options_class, "inScreenDensity", "I");
+    gOptions_targetDensityFieldID = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, options_class, "inTargetDensity", "I");
+    gOptions_widthFieldID = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, options_class, "outWidth", "I");
+    gOptions_heightFieldID = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, options_class, "outHeight", "I");
+    gOptions_mimeFieldID = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, options_class, "outMimeType", "Ljava/lang/String;");
+    gOptions_mCancelID = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, options_class, "mCancel", "Z");
+
+    jclass bitmap_class = FindClassOrDie(env, "android/graphics/Bitmap");
+    gBitmap_nativeBitmapFieldID = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, bitmap_class, "mNativeBitmap", "J");
+    gBitmap_ninePatchInsetsFieldID = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, bitmap_class, "mNinePatchInsets",
             "Landroid/graphics/NinePatch$InsetStruct;");
 
-    gInsetStruct_class = (jclass) env->NewGlobalRef(env->FindClass("android/graphics/NinePatch$InsetStruct"));
-    gInsetStruct_constructorMethodID = env->GetMethodID(gInsetStruct_class, "<init>", "(IIIIIIIIFIF)V");
+    gInsetStruct_class = MakeGlobalRefOrDie(env, FindClassOrDie(env,
+        "android/graphics/NinePatch$InsetStruct"));
+    gInsetStruct_constructorMethodID = GetMethodIDOrDie(env, gInsetStruct_class, "<init>",
+                                                        "(IIIIIIIIFIF)V");
 
-    int ret = AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env,
-                                    "android/graphics/BitmapFactory$Options",
-                                    gOptionsMethods,
-                                    SK_ARRAY_COUNT(gOptionsMethods));
-    if (ret) {
-        return ret;
-    }
-    return android::AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, "android/graphics/BitmapFactory",
-                                         gMethods, SK_ARRAY_COUNT(gMethods));
+    android::RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/BitmapFactory$Options",
+                                  gOptionsMethods, NELEM(gOptionsMethods));
+    return android::RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/BitmapFactory",
+                                         gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
 }
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/BitmapFactory.h b/core/jni/android/graphics/BitmapFactory.h
index 97dcc6d..a54da43 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/BitmapFactory.h
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/BitmapFactory.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-#ifndef BitmapFactory_DEFINE
-#define BitmapFactory_DEFINE
+#ifndef _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_BITMAP_FACTORY_H_
+#define _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_BITMAP_FACTORY_H_
 
 #include "GraphicsJNI.h"
 
@@ -21,4 +21,4 @@ extern jfieldID gOptions_bitmapFieldID;
 
 jstring getMimeTypeString(JNIEnv* env, SkImageDecoder::Format format);
 
-#endif
+#endif  // _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_BITMAP_FACTORY_H_
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/BitmapRegionDecoder.cpp b/core/jni/android/graphics/BitmapRegionDecoder.cpp
index 91efc8c..3537bcb 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/BitmapRegionDecoder.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/BitmapRegionDecoder.cpp
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
 #include "Utils.h"
 #include "JNIHelp.h"
 
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 #include "android_util_Binder.h"
 #include "android_nio_utils.h"
 #include "CreateJavaOutputStreamAdaptor.h"
@@ -40,12 +40,6 @@
 #include <androidfw/Asset.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 
-#if 0
-    #define TRACE_BITMAP(code)  code
-#else
-    #define TRACE_BITMAP(code)
-#endif
-
 using namespace android;
 
 class SkBitmapRegionDecoder {
@@ -273,8 +267,6 @@ static void nativeClean(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jlong brdHandle) {
 
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
-
 static JNINativeMethod gBitmapRegionDecoderMethods[] = {
     {   "nativeDecodeRegion",
         "(JIIIILandroid/graphics/BitmapFactory$Options;)Landroid/graphics/Bitmap;",
@@ -307,10 +299,8 @@ static JNINativeMethod gBitmapRegionDecoderMethods[] = {
     },
 };
 
-#define kClassPathName  "android/graphics/BitmapRegionDecoder"
-
 int register_android_graphics_BitmapRegionDecoder(JNIEnv* env)
 {
-    return android::AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, kClassPathName,
-            gBitmapRegionDecoderMethods, SK_ARRAY_COUNT(gBitmapRegionDecoderMethods));
+    return android::RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/BitmapRegionDecoder",
+            gBitmapRegionDecoderMethods, NELEM(gBitmapRegionDecoderMethods));
 }
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/Camera.cpp b/core/jni/android/graphics/Camera.cpp
index 9f832b0..b572604 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/Camera.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/Camera.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #include "jni.h"
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 
 #include "SkCamera.h"
 
@@ -137,16 +137,8 @@ static JNINativeMethod gCameraMethods[] = {
 };
 
 int register_android_graphics_Camera(JNIEnv* env) {
-    jclass clazz = env->FindClass("android/graphics/Camera");
-    if (clazz == 0) {
-        return -1;
-    }
-    gNativeInstanceFieldID = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "native_instance", "J");
-    if (gNativeInstanceFieldID == 0) {
-        return -1;
-    }
-    return android::AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env,
-                                               "android/graphics/Camera",
-                                               gCameraMethods,
-                                               SK_ARRAY_COUNT(gCameraMethods));
+    jclass clazz = android::FindClassOrDie(env, "android/graphics/Camera");
+    gNativeInstanceFieldID = android::GetFieldIDOrDie(env, clazz, "native_instance", "J");
+    return android::RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/Camera", gCameraMethods,
+                                         NELEM(gCameraMethods));
 }
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/CanvasProperty.cpp b/core/jni/android/graphics/CanvasProperty.cpp
index e63c5fa..a69a457 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/CanvasProperty.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/CanvasProperty.cpp
@@ -17,16 +17,20 @@
 #include "jni.h"
 #include "GraphicsJNI.h"
 #include "Paint.h"
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include <core_jni_helpers.h>
 
 #include <utils/RefBase.h>
 #include <CanvasProperty.h>
 
 namespace android {
 
-using namespace uirenderer;
-
 #ifdef USE_OPENGL_RENDERER
+static const bool kUseOpenGLRenderer = true;
+#else
+static const bool kUseOpenGLRenderer = false;
+#endif
+
+using namespace uirenderer;
 
 static jlong createFloat(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jfloat initialValue) {
     return reinterpret_cast<jlong>(new CanvasPropertyPrimitive(initialValue));
@@ -37,23 +41,21 @@ static jlong createPaint(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jlong paintPtr) {
     return reinterpret_cast<jlong>(new CanvasPropertyPaint(*paint));
 }
 
-#endif
-
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // JNI Glue
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-const char* const kClassPathName = "android/graphics/CanvasProperty";
-
 static JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {
-#ifdef USE_OPENGL_RENDERER
     { "nCreateFloat", "(F)J", (void*) createFloat },
     { "nCreatePaint", "(J)J", (void*) createPaint },
-#endif
 };
 
 int register_android_graphics_CanvasProperty(JNIEnv* env) {
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, kClassPathName, gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
+    if (kUseOpenGLRenderer) {
+        return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/CanvasProperty", gMethods,
+                                    NELEM(gMethods));
+    }
+    return 0;
 }
 
 }; // namespace android
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/ColorFilter.cpp b/core/jni/android/graphics/ColorFilter.cpp
index c66c844..026cbee 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/ColorFilter.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/ColorFilter.cpp
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 
 #include "jni.h"
 #include "GraphicsJNI.h"
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 
 #include "SkColorFilter.h"
 #include "SkColorMatrixFilter.h"
@@ -74,18 +74,15 @@ static JNINativeMethod colormatrix_methods[] = {
     { "nativeColorMatrixFilter", "([F)J", (void*) SkColorFilterGlue::CreateColorMatrixFilter   },
 };
 
-#define REG(env, name, array) \
-    result = android::AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, name, array, \
-                                                    SK_ARRAY_COUNT(array));  \
-    if (result < 0) return result
-
 int register_android_graphics_ColorFilter(JNIEnv* env) {
-    int result;
-    
-    REG(env, "android/graphics/ColorFilter", colorfilter_methods);
-    REG(env, "android/graphics/PorterDuffColorFilter", porterduff_methods);
-    REG(env, "android/graphics/LightingColorFilter", lighting_methods);
-    REG(env, "android/graphics/ColorMatrixColorFilter", colormatrix_methods);
+    android::RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/ColorFilter", colorfilter_methods,
+                                  NELEM(colorfilter_methods));
+    android::RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/PorterDuffColorFilter", porterduff_methods,
+                                  NELEM(porterduff_methods));
+    android::RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/LightingColorFilter", lighting_methods,
+                                  NELEM(lighting_methods));
+    android::RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/ColorMatrixColorFilter",
+                                  colormatrix_methods, NELEM(colormatrix_methods));
     
     return 0;
 }
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/CreateJavaOutputStreamAdaptor.h b/core/jni/android/graphics/CreateJavaOutputStreamAdaptor.h
index ecd270f..56cba51 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/CreateJavaOutputStreamAdaptor.h
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/CreateJavaOutputStreamAdaptor.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-#ifndef CreateJavaOutputStream_DEFINED
-#define CreateJavaOutputStream_DEFINED
+#ifndef _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_CREATE_JAVA_OUTPUT_STREAM_ADAPTOR_H_
+#define _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_CREATE_JAVA_OUTPUT_STREAM_ADAPTOR_H_
 
 //#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
 #include "jni.h"
@@ -38,4 +38,5 @@ SkStreamRewindable* CopyJavaInputStream(JNIEnv* env, jobject stream,
 
 SkWStream* CreateJavaOutputStreamAdaptor(JNIEnv* env, jobject stream,
                                          jbyteArray storage);
-#endif
+
+#endif  // _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_CREATE_JAVA_OUTPUT_STREAM_ADAPTOR_H_
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/DrawFilter.cpp b/core/jni/android/graphics/DrawFilter.cpp
index 3275875..bac124f 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/DrawFilter.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/DrawFilter.cpp
@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@
 #include "GraphicsJNI.h"
 #include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
 
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
+
 #include "SkDrawFilter.h"
 #include "SkPaintFlagsDrawFilter.h"
 #include "SkPaint.h"
@@ -103,16 +105,11 @@ static JNINativeMethod paintflags_methods[] = {
     {"nativeConstructor","(II)J", (void*) SkDrawFilterGlue::CreatePaintFlagsDF}
 };
 
-#define REG(env, name, array)                                                                       \
-    result = android::AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, name, array, SK_ARRAY_COUNT(array));  \
-    if (result < 0) return result
-
-
 int register_android_graphics_DrawFilter(JNIEnv* env) {
-    int result;
-    
-    REG(env, "android/graphics/DrawFilter", drawfilter_methods);
-    REG(env, "android/graphics/PaintFlagsDrawFilter", paintflags_methods);
+    int result = RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/DrawFilter", drawfilter_methods,
+                                      NELEM(drawfilter_methods));
+    result |= RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/PaintFlagsDrawFilter", paintflags_methods,
+                                   NELEM(paintflags_methods));
     
     return 0;
 }
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/FontFamily.cpp b/core/jni/android/graphics/FontFamily.cpp
index bfb30b7..8a85d62 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/FontFamily.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/FontFamily.cpp
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 #define LOG_TAG "Minikin"
 
 #include "JNIHelp.h"
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include <core_jni_helpers.h>
 
 #include "SkTypeface.h"
 #include "GraphicsJNI.h"
@@ -125,9 +125,8 @@ static JNINativeMethod gFontFamilyMethods[] = {
 
 int register_android_graphics_FontFamily(JNIEnv* env)
 {
-    return android::AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env,
-        "android/graphics/FontFamily",
-        gFontFamilyMethods, NELEM(gFontFamilyMethods));
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/FontFamily", gFontFamilyMethods,
+                                NELEM(gFontFamilyMethods));
 }
 
 }
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/GraphicsJNI.h b/core/jni/android/graphics/GraphicsJNI.h
index 8ef56cf..45b31c0 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/GraphicsJNI.h
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/GraphicsJNI.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-#ifndef GraphicsJNI_DEFINED
-#define GraphicsJNI_DEFINED
+#ifndef _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_GRAPHICS_JNI_H_
+#define _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_GRAPHICS_JNI_H_
 
 #pragma GCC diagnostic push
 #pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wunused-parameter"
@@ -292,4 +292,4 @@ void doThrowIOE(JNIEnv* env, const char* msg = NULL);   // IO Exception
 #define NPE_CHECK_RETURN_VOID(env, object)    \
     do { if (NULL == (object)) { doThrowNPE(env); return; } } while (0)
 
-#endif
+#endif  // _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_GRAPHICS_JNI_H_
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/HarfBuzzNGFaceSkia.cpp b/core/jni/android/graphics/HarfBuzzNGFaceSkia.cpp
index a75efcf..ca3a42f 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/HarfBuzzNGFaceSkia.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/HarfBuzzNGFaceSkia.cpp
@@ -44,6 +44,8 @@
 
 namespace android {
 
+static const bool kDebugGlyphs = false;
+
 // Our implementation of the callbacks which Harfbuzz requires by using Skia
 // calls. See the Harfbuzz source for references about what these callbacks do.
 
@@ -62,9 +64,9 @@ static void SkiaGetGlyphWidthAndExtents(SkPaint* paint, hb_codepoint_t codepoint
     uint16_t glyph = codepoint;
 
     paint->getTextWidths(&glyph, sizeof(glyph), &skWidth, &skBounds);
-#if DEBUG_GLYPHS
-    ALOGD("returned glyph for %i: width = %f", codepoint, skWidth);
-#endif
+    if (kDebugGlyphs) {
+        ALOGD("returned glyph for %i: width = %f", codepoint, skWidth);
+    }
     if (width)
         *width = SkScalarToHBFixed(skWidth);
     if (extents) {
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/HarfBuzzNGFaceSkia.h b/core/jni/android/graphics/HarfBuzzNGFaceSkia.h
index 7b71ecc..3308d5d 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/HarfBuzzNGFaceSkia.h
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/HarfBuzzNGFaceSkia.h
@@ -24,8 +24,8 @@
  * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
  */
 
-#ifndef HarfBuzzNGFaceSkia_h
-#define HarfBuzzNGFaceSkia_h
+#ifndef _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_HARF_BUZZ_NG_FACE_SKIA_H_
+#define _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_HARF_BUZZ_NG_FACE_SKIA_H_
 
 #include <SkScalar.h>
 #include <SkPaint.h>
@@ -56,4 +56,4 @@ hb_font_t* createFont(hb_face_t* face, SkPaint* paint, float sizeX, float sizeY)
 
 }  // namespace android
 
-#endif
+#endif  // _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_HARF_BUZZ_NG_FACE_SKIA_H_
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/Interpolator.cpp b/core/jni/android/graphics/Interpolator.cpp
index 455f867..f7f3511 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/Interpolator.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/Interpolator.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #include "jni.h"
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 
 #include "GraphicsJNI.h"
 #include "SkInterpolator.h"
@@ -83,8 +83,6 @@ static JNINativeMethod gInterpolatorMethods[] = {
 
 int register_android_graphics_Interpolator(JNIEnv* env)
 {
-    return android::AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env,
-                                                       "android/graphics/Interpolator",
-                                                       gInterpolatorMethods,
-                                                       SK_ARRAY_COUNT(gInterpolatorMethods));
+    return android::RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/Interpolator",
+                                         gInterpolatorMethods, NELEM(gInterpolatorMethods));
 }
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/MaskFilter.cpp b/core/jni/android/graphics/MaskFilter.cpp
index b394905..d658643 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/MaskFilter.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/MaskFilter.cpp
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
 #include "SkBlurMaskFilter.h"
 #include "SkTableMaskFilter.h"
 
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
+
 #include <jni.h>
 
 static void ThrowIAE_IfNull(JNIEnv* env, void* ptr) {
@@ -77,20 +79,16 @@ static JNINativeMethod gTableMaskFilterMethods[] = {
     { "nativeNewGamma", "(F)J", (void*)SkMaskFilterGlue::createGammaTable    }
 };
 
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
-
-#define REG(env, name, array)                                                                       \
-    result = android::AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, name, array, SK_ARRAY_COUNT(array));  \
-    if (result < 0) return result
-
 int register_android_graphics_MaskFilter(JNIEnv* env)
 {
-    int result;
-
-    REG(env, "android/graphics/MaskFilter", gMaskFilterMethods);
-    REG(env, "android/graphics/BlurMaskFilter", gBlurMaskFilterMethods);
-    REG(env, "android/graphics/EmbossMaskFilter", gEmbossMaskFilterMethods);
-    REG(env, "android/graphics/TableMaskFilter", gTableMaskFilterMethods);
+    android::RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/MaskFilter", gMaskFilterMethods,
+                                  NELEM(gMaskFilterMethods));
+    android::RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/BlurMaskFilter", gBlurMaskFilterMethods,
+                                  NELEM(gBlurMaskFilterMethods));
+    android::RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/EmbossMaskFilter",
+                                  gEmbossMaskFilterMethods, NELEM(gEmbossMaskFilterMethods));
+    android::RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/TableMaskFilter", gTableMaskFilterMethods,
+                                  NELEM(gTableMaskFilterMethods));
 
     return 0;
 }
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/Matrix.cpp b/core/jni/android/graphics/Matrix.cpp
index 01ab699..0ff7c78 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/Matrix.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/Matrix.cpp
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 
 #include "jni.h"
 #include "GraphicsJNI.h"
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include <core_jni_helpers.h>
 
 #include "SkMatrix.h"
 #include "SkTemplates.h"
@@ -354,11 +354,10 @@ static JNINativeMethod methods[] = {
 static jfieldID sNativeInstanceField;
 
 int register_android_graphics_Matrix(JNIEnv* env) {
-    int result = AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, "android/graphics/Matrix", methods,
-        sizeof(methods) / sizeof(methods[0]));
+    int result = RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/Matrix", methods, NELEM(methods));
 
-    jclass clazz = env->FindClass("android/graphics/Matrix");
-    sNativeInstanceField = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "native_instance", "J");
+    jclass clazz = FindClassOrDie(env, "android/graphics/Matrix");
+    sNativeInstanceField = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, clazz, "native_instance", "J");
 
     return result;
 }
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/Matrix.h b/core/jni/android/graphics/Matrix.h
index 31edf88..11c9e72 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/Matrix.h
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/Matrix.h
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#ifndef _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_MATRIX_H
-#define _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_MATRIX_H
+#ifndef _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_MATRIX_H_
+#define _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_MATRIX_H_
 
 #include "jni.h"
 #include "SkMatrix.h"
@@ -27,4 +27,4 @@ extern SkMatrix* android_graphics_Matrix_getSkMatrix(JNIEnv* env, jobject matrix
 
 } // namespace android
 
-#endif // _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_MATRIX_H
+#endif // _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_MATRIX_H_
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/MinikinSkia.h b/core/jni/android/graphics/MinikinSkia.h
index 255617e..a06428d 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/MinikinSkia.h
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/MinikinSkia.h
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#ifndef ANDROID_MINIKIN_SKIA_H
-#define ANDROID_MINIKIN_SKIA_H
+#ifndef _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_MINIKIN_SKIA_H_
+#define _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_MINIKIN_SKIA_H_
 
 #include <minikin/MinikinFont.h>
 
@@ -54,4 +54,4 @@ private:
 
 }  // namespace android
 
-#endif  // ANDROID_MINIKIN_SKIA_H
\ No newline at end of file
+#endif  // _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_MINIKIN_SKIA_H_
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/MinikinUtils.h b/core/jni/android/graphics/MinikinUtils.h
index 3646c1a..236f1fd 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/MinikinUtils.h
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/MinikinUtils.h
@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@
 
  // TODO: does this really need to be separate from MinikinSkia?
 
-#ifndef ANDROID_MINIKIN_UTILS_H
-#define ANDROID_MINIKIN_UTILS_H
+#ifndef _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_MINIKIN_UTILS_H_
+#define _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_MINIKIN_UTILS_H_
 
 #include <minikin/Layout.h>
 #include "Paint.h"
@@ -81,4 +81,4 @@ public:
 
 }  // namespace android
 
-#endif  // ANDROID_MINIKIN_UTILS_H
+#endif  // _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_MINIKIN_UTILS_H_
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/Movie.cpp b/core/jni/android/graphics/Movie.cpp
index 226f83e..b25fa84 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/Movie.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/Movie.cpp
@@ -13,11 +13,7 @@
 #include <androidfw/ResourceTypes.h>
 #include <netinet/in.h>
 
-#if 0
-    #define TRACE_BITMAP(code)  code
-#else
-    #define TRACE_BITMAP(code)
-#endif
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 
 static jclass       gMovie_class;
 static jmethodID    gMovie_constructorMethodID;
@@ -138,8 +134,6 @@ static void movie_destructor(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jlong movieHandle) {
 
 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
-
 static JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {
     {   "width",    "()I",  (void*)movie_width  },
     {   "height",   "()I",  (void*)movie_height  },
@@ -157,22 +151,14 @@ static JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {
                             (void*)movie_decodeByteArray },
 };
 
-#define kClassPathName  "android/graphics/Movie"
-
-#define RETURN_ERR_IF_NULL(value)   do { if (!(value)) { assert(0); return -1; } } while (false)
-
 int register_android_graphics_Movie(JNIEnv* env)
 {
-    gMovie_class = env->FindClass(kClassPathName);
-    RETURN_ERR_IF_NULL(gMovie_class);
-    gMovie_class = (jclass)env->NewGlobalRef(gMovie_class);
+    gMovie_class = android::FindClassOrDie(env, "android/graphics/Movie");
+    gMovie_class = android::MakeGlobalRefOrDie(env, gMovie_class);
 
-    gMovie_constructorMethodID = env->GetMethodID(gMovie_class, "<init>", "(J)V");
-    RETURN_ERR_IF_NULL(gMovie_constructorMethodID);
+    gMovie_constructorMethodID = android::GetMethodIDOrDie(env, gMovie_class, "<init>", "(J)V");
 
-    gMovie_nativeInstanceID = env->GetFieldID(gMovie_class, "mNativeMovie", "J");
-    RETURN_ERR_IF_NULL(gMovie_nativeInstanceID);
+    gMovie_nativeInstanceID = android::GetFieldIDOrDie(env, gMovie_class, "mNativeMovie", "J");
 
-    return android::AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, kClassPathName,
-                                                       gMethods, SK_ARRAY_COUNT(gMethods));
+    return android::RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/Movie", gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
 }
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/NinePatch.cpp b/core/jni/android/graphics/NinePatch.cpp
index be62fdd..d868f28 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/NinePatch.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/NinePatch.cpp
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 #include "GraphicsJNI.h"
 
 #include "JNIHelp.h"
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 
 extern void NinePatch_Draw(SkCanvas* canvas, const SkRect& bounds, const SkBitmap& bitmap,
         const android::Res_png_9patch& chunk, const SkPaint* paint, SkRegion** outRegion);
@@ -176,8 +177,6 @@ public:
 
 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
-
 static JNINativeMethod gNinePatchMethods[] = {
     { "isNinePatchChunk", "([B)Z",                        (void*) SkNinePatchGlue::isNinePatchChunk },
     { "validateNinePatchChunk", "(J[B)J",                 (void*) SkNinePatchGlue::validateNinePatchChunk },
@@ -189,6 +188,6 @@ static JNINativeMethod gNinePatchMethods[] = {
 };
 
 int register_android_graphics_NinePatch(JNIEnv* env) {
-    return android::AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env,
-            "android/graphics/NinePatch", gNinePatchMethods, SK_ARRAY_COUNT(gNinePatchMethods));
+    return android::RegisterMethodsOrDie(env,
+            "android/graphics/NinePatch", gNinePatchMethods, NELEM(gNinePatchMethods));
 }
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/NinePatchImpl.cpp b/core/jni/android/graphics/NinePatchImpl.cpp
index 39a9554..4c589b7 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/NinePatchImpl.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/NinePatchImpl.cpp
@@ -23,20 +23,16 @@
 
 #include "SkBitmap.h"
 #include "SkCanvas.h"
+#include "SkColorPriv.h"
 #include "SkNinePatch.h"
 #include "SkPaint.h"
 #include "SkUnPreMultiply.h"
 
-#define USE_TRACE
-
-#ifdef USE_TRACE
-    static bool gTrace;
-#endif
-
-#include "SkColorPriv.h"
-
 #include <utils/Log.h>
 
+static const bool kUseTrace = true;
+static bool gTrace = false;
+
 static bool getColor(const SkBitmap& bitmap, int x, int y, SkColor* c) {
     switch (bitmap.colorType()) {
         case kN32_SkColorType:
@@ -128,37 +124,34 @@ void NinePatch_Draw(SkCanvas* canvas, const SkRect& bounds,
         return;
     }
 
-#ifdef USE_TRACE
-    gTrace = true;
-#endif
+    if (kUseTrace) {
+        gTrace = true;
+    }
 
     SkASSERT(canvas || outRegion);
 
-#ifdef USE_TRACE
-    if (canvas) {
-        const SkMatrix& m = canvas->getTotalMatrix();
-        ALOGV("ninepatch [%g %g %g] [%g %g %g]\n",
-                 SkScalarToFloat(m[0]), SkScalarToFloat(m[1]), SkScalarToFloat(m[2]),
-                 SkScalarToFloat(m[3]), SkScalarToFloat(m[4]), SkScalarToFloat(m[5]));
-    }
-#endif
+    if (kUseTrace) {
+        if (canvas) {
+            const SkMatrix& m = canvas->getTotalMatrix();
+            ALOGV("ninepatch [%g %g %g] [%g %g %g]\n",
+                    SkScalarToFloat(m[0]), SkScalarToFloat(m[1]), SkScalarToFloat(m[2]),
+                    SkScalarToFloat(m[3]), SkScalarToFloat(m[4]), SkScalarToFloat(m[5]));
+        }
 
-#ifdef USE_TRACE
-    if (gTrace) {
-        ALOGV("======== ninepatch bounds [%g %g]\n", SkScalarToFloat(bounds.width()), SkScalarToFloat(bounds.height()));
+        ALOGV("======== ninepatch bounds [%g %g]\n", SkScalarToFloat(bounds.width()),
+                SkScalarToFloat(bounds.height()));
         ALOGV("======== ninepatch paint bm [%d,%d]\n", bitmap.width(), bitmap.height());
         ALOGV("======== ninepatch xDivs [%d,%d]\n", xDivs[0], xDivs[1]);
         ALOGV("======== ninepatch yDivs [%d,%d]\n", yDivs[0], yDivs[1]);
     }
-#endif
 
     if (bounds.isEmpty() ||
         bitmap.width() == 0 || bitmap.height() == 0 ||
         (paint && paint->getXfermode() == NULL && paint->getAlpha() == 0))
     {
-#ifdef USE_TRACE
-        if (gTrace) ALOGV("======== abort ninepatch draw\n");
-#endif
+        if (kUseTrace) {
+            ALOGV("======== abort ninepatch draw\n");
+        }
         return;
     }
     
@@ -202,13 +195,13 @@ void NinePatch_Draw(SkCanvas* canvas, const SkRect& bounds,
     }
     int numFixedYPixelsRemaining = bitmapHeight - numStretchyYPixelsRemaining;
 
-#ifdef USE_TRACE
-    ALOGV("NinePatch [%d %d] bounds [%g %g %g %g] divs [%d %d]\n",
-             bitmap.width(), bitmap.height(),
-             SkScalarToFloat(bounds.fLeft), SkScalarToFloat(bounds.fTop),
-             SkScalarToFloat(bounds.width()), SkScalarToFloat(bounds.height()),
-             numXDivs, numYDivs);
-#endif
+    if (kUseTrace) {
+        ALOGV("NinePatch [%d %d] bounds [%g %g %g %g] divs [%d %d]\n",
+                bitmap.width(), bitmap.height(),
+                SkScalarToFloat(bounds.fLeft), SkScalarToFloat(bounds.fTop),
+                SkScalarToFloat(bounds.width()), SkScalarToFloat(bounds.height()),
+                numXDivs, numYDivs);
+    }
 
     src.fTop = 0;
     dst.fTop = bounds.fTop;
@@ -307,15 +300,15 @@ void NinePatch_Draw(SkCanvas* canvas, const SkRect& bounds,
                 goto nextDiv;
             }
             if (canvas) {
-#ifdef USE_TRACE
-                ALOGV("-- src [%d %d %d %d] dst [%g %g %g %g]\n",
-                         src.fLeft, src.fTop, src.width(), src.height(),
-                         SkScalarToFloat(dst.fLeft), SkScalarToFloat(dst.fTop),
-                         SkScalarToFloat(dst.width()), SkScalarToFloat(dst.height()));
-                if (2 == src.width() && SkIntToScalar(5) == dst.width()) {
-                    ALOGV("--- skip patch\n");
+                if (kUseTrace) {
+                    ALOGV("-- src [%d %d %d %d] dst [%g %g %g %g]\n",
+                            src.fLeft, src.fTop, src.width(), src.height(),
+                            SkScalarToFloat(dst.fLeft), SkScalarToFloat(dst.fTop),
+                            SkScalarToFloat(dst.width()), SkScalarToFloat(dst.height()));
+                    if (2 == src.width() && SkIntToScalar(5) == dst.width()) {
+                        ALOGV("--- skip patch\n");
+                    }
                 }
-#endif
                 drawStretchyPatch(canvas, src, dst, bitmap, *paint, initColor,
                                   color, hasXfer);
             }
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/NinePatchPeeker.h b/core/jni/android/graphics/NinePatchPeeker.h
index 7c18b2d..2d49b38 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/NinePatchPeeker.h
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/NinePatchPeeker.h
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#ifndef NinePatchPeeker_h
-#define NinePatchPeeker_h
+#ifndef _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_NINE_PATCH_PEEKER_H_
+#define _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_NINE_PATCH_PEEKER_H_
 
 #include "SkImageDecoder.h"
 #include <androidfw/ResourceTypes.h>
@@ -53,4 +53,4 @@ public:
     uint8_t mOutlineAlpha;
 };
 
-#endif // NinePatchPeeker_h
+#endif  // _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_NINE_PATCH_PEEKER_H_
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/Paint.cpp b/core/jni/android/graphics/Paint.cpp
index 6b02326..2cd2db7 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/Paint.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/Paint.cpp
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 
 #include "jni.h"
 #include "GraphicsJNI.h"
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 #include <ScopedUtfChars.h>
 
 #include "SkBlurDrawLooper.h"
@@ -1021,35 +1021,26 @@ static JNINativeMethod methods[] = {
     {"native_hasShadowLayer", "!(J)Z", (void*)PaintGlue::hasShadowLayer}
 };
 
-static jfieldID req_fieldID(jfieldID id) {
-    SkASSERT(id);
-    return id;
-}
-
 int register_android_graphics_Paint(JNIEnv* env) {
-    gFontMetrics_class = env->FindClass("android/graphics/Paint$FontMetrics");
-    SkASSERT(gFontMetrics_class);
-    gFontMetrics_class = (jclass)env->NewGlobalRef(gFontMetrics_class);
-
-    gFontMetrics_fieldID.top = req_fieldID(env->GetFieldID(gFontMetrics_class, "top", "F"));
-    gFontMetrics_fieldID.ascent = req_fieldID(env->GetFieldID(gFontMetrics_class, "ascent", "F"));
-    gFontMetrics_fieldID.descent = req_fieldID(env->GetFieldID(gFontMetrics_class, "descent", "F"));
-    gFontMetrics_fieldID.bottom = req_fieldID(env->GetFieldID(gFontMetrics_class, "bottom", "F"));
-    gFontMetrics_fieldID.leading = req_fieldID(env->GetFieldID(gFontMetrics_class, "leading", "F"));
-
-    gFontMetricsInt_class = env->FindClass("android/graphics/Paint$FontMetricsInt");
-    SkASSERT(gFontMetricsInt_class);
-    gFontMetricsInt_class = (jclass)env->NewGlobalRef(gFontMetricsInt_class);
-
-    gFontMetricsInt_fieldID.top = req_fieldID(env->GetFieldID(gFontMetricsInt_class, "top", "I"));
-    gFontMetricsInt_fieldID.ascent = req_fieldID(env->GetFieldID(gFontMetricsInt_class, "ascent", "I"));
-    gFontMetricsInt_fieldID.descent = req_fieldID(env->GetFieldID(gFontMetricsInt_class, "descent", "I"));
-    gFontMetricsInt_fieldID.bottom = req_fieldID(env->GetFieldID(gFontMetricsInt_class, "bottom", "I"));
-    gFontMetricsInt_fieldID.leading = req_fieldID(env->GetFieldID(gFontMetricsInt_class, "leading", "I"));
-
-    int result = AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, "android/graphics/Paint", methods,
-        sizeof(methods) / sizeof(methods[0]));
-    return result;
+    gFontMetrics_class = FindClassOrDie(env, "android/graphics/Paint$FontMetrics");
+    gFontMetrics_class = MakeGlobalRefOrDie(env, gFontMetrics_class);
+
+    gFontMetrics_fieldID.top = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, gFontMetrics_class, "top", "F");
+    gFontMetrics_fieldID.ascent = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, gFontMetrics_class, "ascent", "F");
+    gFontMetrics_fieldID.descent = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, gFontMetrics_class, "descent", "F");
+    gFontMetrics_fieldID.bottom = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, gFontMetrics_class, "bottom", "F");
+    gFontMetrics_fieldID.leading = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, gFontMetrics_class, "leading", "F");
+
+    gFontMetricsInt_class = FindClassOrDie(env, "android/graphics/Paint$FontMetricsInt");
+    gFontMetricsInt_class = MakeGlobalRefOrDie(env, gFontMetricsInt_class);
+
+    gFontMetricsInt_fieldID.top = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, gFontMetricsInt_class, "top", "I");
+    gFontMetricsInt_fieldID.ascent = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, gFontMetricsInt_class, "ascent", "I");
+    gFontMetricsInt_fieldID.descent = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, gFontMetricsInt_class, "descent", "I");
+    gFontMetricsInt_fieldID.bottom = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, gFontMetricsInt_class, "bottom", "I");
+    gFontMetricsInt_fieldID.leading = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, gFontMetricsInt_class, "leading", "I");
+
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/Paint", methods, NELEM(methods));
 }
 
 }
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/Paint.h b/core/jni/android/graphics/Paint.h
index a20bb4b..fa539f5 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/Paint.h
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/Paint.h
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#ifndef ANDROID_GRAPHICS_PAINT_H
-#define ANDROID_GRAPHICS_PAINT_H
+#ifndef ANDROID_GRAPHICS_PAINT_H_
+#define ANDROID_GRAPHICS_PAINT_H_
 
 #include <SkPaint.h>
 #include <string>
@@ -78,4 +78,4 @@ private:
 
 }  // namespace android
 
-#endif // ANDROID_GRAPHICS_PAINT_H
+#endif // ANDROID_GRAPHICS_PAINT_H_
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/Path.cpp b/core/jni/android/graphics/Path.cpp
index 30ce58d..1e4eb75 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/Path.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/Path.cpp
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 
 #include "jni.h"
 #include "GraphicsJNI.h"
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 
 #include "SkPath.h"
 #include "SkPathOps.h"
@@ -520,9 +520,7 @@ static JNINativeMethod methods[] = {
 };
 
 int register_android_graphics_Path(JNIEnv* env) {
-    int result = AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, "android/graphics/Path", methods,
-        sizeof(methods) / sizeof(methods[0]));
-    return result;
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/Path", methods, NELEM(methods));
 }
 
 }
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/PathEffect.cpp b/core/jni/android/graphics/PathEffect.cpp
index 28d881d..9d0f0ad 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/PathEffect.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/PathEffect.cpp
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 #include <jni.h>
 #include "GraphicsJNI.h"
 
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
+
 #include "SkPathEffect.h"
 #include "SkCornerPathEffect.h"
 #include "SkDashPathEffect.h"
@@ -97,24 +99,22 @@ static JNINativeMethod gDiscretePathEffectMethods[] = {
     { "nativeCreate", "(FF)J", (void*)SkPathEffectGlue::Discrete_constructor }
 };
 
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
-
-#define REG(env, name, array)                                              \
-    result = android::AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, name, array, \
-                                                  SK_ARRAY_COUNT(array));  \
-    if (result < 0) return result
-
 int register_android_graphics_PathEffect(JNIEnv* env)
 {
-    int result;
-
-    REG(env, "android/graphics/PathEffect", gPathEffectMethods);
-    REG(env, "android/graphics/ComposePathEffect", gComposePathEffectMethods);
-    REG(env, "android/graphics/SumPathEffect", gSumPathEffectMethods);
-    REG(env, "android/graphics/DashPathEffect", gDashPathEffectMethods);
-    REG(env, "android/graphics/PathDashPathEffect", gPathDashPathEffectMethods);
-    REG(env, "android/graphics/CornerPathEffect", gCornerPathEffectMethods);
-    REG(env, "android/graphics/DiscretePathEffect", gDiscretePathEffectMethods);
+    android::RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/PathEffect", gPathEffectMethods,
+                         NELEM(gPathEffectMethods));
+    android::RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/ComposePathEffect",
+                                  gComposePathEffectMethods, NELEM(gComposePathEffectMethods));
+    android::RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/SumPathEffect", gSumPathEffectMethods,
+                                  NELEM(gSumPathEffectMethods));
+    android::RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/DashPathEffect", gDashPathEffectMethods,
+                                  NELEM(gDashPathEffectMethods));
+    android::RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/PathDashPathEffect",
+                                  gPathDashPathEffectMethods, NELEM(gPathDashPathEffectMethods));
+    android::RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/CornerPathEffect",
+                                  gCornerPathEffectMethods, NELEM(gCornerPathEffectMethods));
+    android::RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/DiscretePathEffect",
+                                  gDiscretePathEffectMethods, NELEM(gDiscretePathEffectMethods));
 
     return 0;
 }
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/PathMeasure.cpp b/core/jni/android/graphics/PathMeasure.cpp
index 13f68a9..fec5d9d 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/PathMeasure.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/PathMeasure.cpp
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 
 #include "jni.h"
 #include "GraphicsJNI.h"
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include <core_jni_helpers.h>
 
 #include "SkPathMeasure.h"
 
@@ -156,9 +156,7 @@ static JNINativeMethod methods[] = {
 };
 
 int register_android_graphics_PathMeasure(JNIEnv* env) {
-    int result = AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, "android/graphics/PathMeasure", methods,
-        sizeof(methods) / sizeof(methods[0]));
-    return result;
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/PathMeasure", methods, NELEM(methods));
 }
 
 }
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/Picture.h b/core/jni/android/graphics/Picture.h
index a2e5d4a..4db923d 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/Picture.h
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/Picture.h
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#ifndef ANDROID_GRAPHICS_PICTURE_H
-#define ANDROID_GRAPHICS_PICTURE_H
+#ifndef ANDROID_GRAPHICS_PICTURE_H_
+#define ANDROID_GRAPHICS_PICTURE_H_
 
 #include "SkPicture.h"
 #include "SkPictureRecorder.h"
@@ -63,4 +63,4 @@ private:
 };
 
 }; // namespace android
-#endif // ANDROID_GRAPHICS_PICTURE_H
+#endif // ANDROID_GRAPHICS_PICTURE_H_
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/PorterDuff.cpp b/core/jni/android/graphics/PorterDuff.cpp
index 8a49eb5..73b1691 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/PorterDuff.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/PorterDuff.cpp
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 
 #include "jni.h"
 #include "GraphicsJNI.h"
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 
 #include "SkPorterDuff.h"
 
@@ -43,10 +43,7 @@ static JNINativeMethod methods[] = {
 };
 
 int register_android_graphics_PorterDuff(JNIEnv* env) {
-    int result = AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env,
-                                "android/graphics/PorterDuffXfermode", methods,
-                                        sizeof(methods) / sizeof(methods[0]));
-    return result;
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/PorterDuffXfermode", methods, NELEM(methods));
 }
 
 }
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/Rasterizer.cpp b/core/jni/android/graphics/Rasterizer.cpp
index 2b1aca1..cfc23ac8 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/Rasterizer.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/Rasterizer.cpp
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 #include "GraphicsJNI.h"
 #include "Paint.h"
 #include "SkLayerRasterizer.h"
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 
 // Rasterizer.java holds a pointer (jlong) to this guy
 class NativeRasterizer {
@@ -59,7 +59,6 @@ public:
     static void finalizer(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jlong objHandle) {
         delete reinterpret_cast<NativeRasterizer *>(objHandle);
     }
- 
 };
 
 static JNINativeMethod gRasterizerMethods[] = {
@@ -67,9 +66,8 @@ static JNINativeMethod gRasterizerMethods[] = {
 };
 
 int register_android_graphics_Rasterizer(JNIEnv* env) {
-    int result = AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, "android/graphics/Rasterizer", gRasterizerMethods,
-        sizeof(gRasterizerMethods) / sizeof(gRasterizerMethods[0]));
-    return result;
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/Rasterizer", gRasterizerMethods,
+                                NELEM(gRasterizerMethods));
 }
 
 class SkLayerRasterizerGlue {
@@ -94,10 +92,8 @@ static JNINativeMethod gLayerRasterizerMethods[] = {
 
 int register_android_graphics_LayerRasterizer(JNIEnv* env)
 {
-    return android::AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env,
-                                                       "android/graphics/LayerRasterizer",
-                                                       gLayerRasterizerMethods,
-                                                       SK_ARRAY_COUNT(gLayerRasterizerMethods));
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/LayerRasterizer",
+                                gLayerRasterizerMethods, NELEM(gLayerRasterizerMethods));
 }
 
 }
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/Region.cpp b/core/jni/android/graphics/Region.cpp
index 912968a..90a020e 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/Region.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/Region.cpp
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 #include "android_util_Binder.h"
 
 #include <jni.h>
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include <core_jni_helpers.h>
 
 namespace android {
 
@@ -325,19 +325,13 @@ static JNINativeMethod gRegionMethods[] = {
 
 int register_android_graphics_Region(JNIEnv* env)
 {
-    jclass clazz = env->FindClass("android/graphics/Region");
-    SkASSERT(clazz);
+    jclass clazz = FindClassOrDie(env, "android/graphics/Region");
 
-    gRegion_nativeInstanceFieldID = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "mNativeRegion", "J");
-    SkASSERT(gRegion_nativeInstanceFieldID);
+    gRegion_nativeInstanceFieldID = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, clazz, "mNativeRegion", "J");
 
-    int result = android::AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, "android/graphics/Region",
-                                                             gRegionMethods, SK_ARRAY_COUNT(gRegionMethods));
-    if (result < 0)
-        return result;
-
-    return android::AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, "android/graphics/RegionIterator",
-                                                       gRegionIterMethods, SK_ARRAY_COUNT(gRegionIterMethods));
+    RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/Region", gRegionMethods, NELEM(gRegionMethods));
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/RegionIterator", gRegionIterMethods,
+                                NELEM(gRegionIterMethods));
 }
 
 SkRegion* android_graphics_Region_getSkRegion(JNIEnv* env, jobject regionObj) {
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/Region.h b/core/jni/android/graphics/Region.h
index c15f06e..2e8e109 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/Region.h
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/Region.h
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#ifndef _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_REGION_H
-#define _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_REGION_H
+#ifndef _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_REGION_H_
+#define _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_REGION_H_
 
 #include "jni.h"
 #include "SkRegion.h"
@@ -27,4 +27,4 @@ extern SkRegion* android_graphics_Region_getSkRegion(JNIEnv* env, jobject region
 
 } // namespace android
 
-#endif // _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_REGION_H
+#endif // _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_REGION_H_
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/RtlProperties.h b/core/jni/android/graphics/RtlProperties.h
index d43745f..907dd59 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/RtlProperties.h
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/RtlProperties.h
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#ifndef ANDROID_RTL_PROPERTIES_H
-#define ANDROID_RTL_PROPERTIES_H
+#ifndef _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_RTL_PROPERTIES_H_
+#define _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_RTL_PROPERTIES_H_
 
 #include <cutils/properties.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
@@ -45,11 +45,5 @@ static RtlDebugLevel readRtlDebugLevel() {
     return kRtlDebugDisabled;
 }
 
-// Define if we want (1) to have Advances debug values or not (0)
-#define DEBUG_ADVANCES 0
-
-// Define if we want (1) to have Glyphs debug values or not (0)
-#define DEBUG_GLYPHS 0
-
 } // namespace android
-#endif // ANDROID_RTL_PROPERTIES_H
+#endif // _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_RTL_PROPERTIES_H_
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/Shader.cpp b/core/jni/android/graphics/Shader.cpp
index 70a2fe5..9ec9c58 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/Shader.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/Shader.cpp
@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@
 #include <SkiaShader.h>
 #include <Caches.h>
 
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
+
 using namespace android::uirenderer;
 
 static void ThrowIAE_IfNull(JNIEnv* env, void* ptr) {
@@ -260,23 +262,22 @@ static JNINativeMethod gComposeShaderMethods[] = {
     { "nativeCreate2",      "(JJI)J",   (void*)ComposeShader_create2     },
 };
 
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
-
-#define REG(env, name, array)                                                                       \
-    result = android::AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, name, array, SK_ARRAY_COUNT(array));  \
-    if (result < 0) return result
-
 int register_android_graphics_Shader(JNIEnv* env)
 {
-    int result;
-
-    REG(env, "android/graphics/Color", gColorMethods);
-    REG(env, "android/graphics/Shader", gShaderMethods);
-    REG(env, "android/graphics/BitmapShader", gBitmapShaderMethods);
-    REG(env, "android/graphics/LinearGradient", gLinearGradientMethods);
-    REG(env, "android/graphics/RadialGradient", gRadialGradientMethods);
-    REG(env, "android/graphics/SweepGradient", gSweepGradientMethods);
-    REG(env, "android/graphics/ComposeShader", gComposeShaderMethods);
-
-    return result;
+    android::RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/Color", gColorMethods,
+                                  NELEM(gColorMethods));
+    android::RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/Shader", gShaderMethods,
+                                  NELEM(gShaderMethods));
+    android::RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/BitmapShader", gBitmapShaderMethods,
+                                  NELEM(gBitmapShaderMethods));
+    android::RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/LinearGradient", gLinearGradientMethods,
+                                  NELEM(gLinearGradientMethods));
+    android::RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/RadialGradient", gRadialGradientMethods,
+                                  NELEM(gRadialGradientMethods));
+    android::RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/SweepGradient", gSweepGradientMethods,
+                                  NELEM(gSweepGradientMethods));
+    android::RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/ComposeShader", gComposeShaderMethods,
+                                  NELEM(gComposeShaderMethods));
+
+    return 0;
 }
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/SurfaceTexture.cpp b/core/jni/android/graphics/SurfaceTexture.cpp
index eaca6d2..35d69fe 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/SurfaceTexture.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/SurfaceTexture.cpp
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 #include <gui/GLConsumer.h>
 #include <gui/Surface.h>
 
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 
 #include <utils/Log.h>
 #include <utils/misc.h>
@@ -359,10 +359,8 @@ static JNINativeMethod gSurfaceTextureMethods[] = {
 
 int register_android_graphics_SurfaceTexture(JNIEnv* env)
 {
-    int err = 0;
-    err = AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, kSurfaceTextureClassPathName,
-            gSurfaceTextureMethods, NELEM(gSurfaceTextureMethods));
-    return err;
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, kSurfaceTextureClassPathName, gSurfaceTextureMethods,
+                                NELEM(gSurfaceTextureMethods));
 }
 
 } // namespace android
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/Typeface.cpp b/core/jni/android/graphics/Typeface.cpp
index 2029658..808ae2c 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/Typeface.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/Typeface.cpp
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
  */
 
 #include "jni.h"
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 
 #include "GraphicsJNI.h"
 #include <ScopedPrimitiveArray.h>
@@ -81,8 +81,6 @@ static JNINativeMethod gTypefaceMethods[] = {
 
 int register_android_graphics_Typeface(JNIEnv* env)
 {
-    return android::AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env,
-                                                       "android/graphics/Typeface",
-                                                       gTypefaceMethods,
-                                                       SK_ARRAY_COUNT(gTypefaceMethods));
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/Typeface", gTypefaceMethods,
+                                NELEM(gTypefaceMethods));
 }
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/TypefaceImpl.h b/core/jni/android/graphics/TypefaceImpl.h
index d129f62..d36f83a 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/TypefaceImpl.h
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/TypefaceImpl.h
@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@
  */
 
 
-#ifndef ANDROID_TYPEFACE_IMPL_H
-#define ANDROID_TYPEFACE_IMPL_H
+#ifndef _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_TYPEFACE_IMPL_H_
+#define _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_TYPEFACE_IMPL_H_
 
 #include "jni.h"  // for jlong, eventually remove
 #include "SkTypeface.h"
@@ -62,4 +62,4 @@ void TypefaceImpl_setDefault(TypefaceImpl* face);
 
 }
 
-#endif  // ANDROID_TYPEFACE_IMPL_H
\ No newline at end of file
+#endif  // _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_TYPEFACE_IMPL_H_
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/Utils.h b/core/jni/android/graphics/Utils.h
index b90593c..bde87f0 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/Utils.h
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/Utils.h
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#ifndef UTILS_DEFINED
-#define UTILS_DEFINED
+#ifndef _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_UTILS_H_
+#define _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_UTILS_H_
 
 #include "SkStream.h"
 
@@ -89,4 +89,4 @@ jobject nullObjectReturn(const char msg[]);
 
 }; // namespace android
 
-#endif
+#endif  // _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_UTILS_H_
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/Xfermode.cpp b/core/jni/android/graphics/Xfermode.cpp
index 6bf6f8a..5a3883a 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/Xfermode.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/Xfermode.cpp
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 
 #include "jni.h"
 #include "GraphicsJNI.h"
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 
 #include "SkAvoidXfermode.h"
 #include "SkPixelXorXfermode.h"
@@ -59,19 +59,15 @@ static JNINativeMethod gPixelXorMethods[] = {
     {"nativeCreate", "(I)J", (void*) SkXfermodeGlue::pixelxor_create}
 };
 
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
-
-#define REG(env, name, array)                                              \
-    result = android::AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, name, array, \
-                                                  SK_ARRAY_COUNT(array));  \
-    if (result < 0) return result
-
 int register_android_graphics_Xfermode(JNIEnv* env) {
-    int result;
-    
-    REG(env, "android/graphics/Xfermode", gXfermodeMethods);
-    REG(env, "android/graphics/AvoidXfermode", gAvoidMethods);
-    REG(env, "android/graphics/PixelXorXfermode", gPixelXorMethods);
+    android::RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/Xfermode", gXfermodeMethods,
+                                  NELEM(gXfermodeMethods));
+    android::RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/Xfermode", gXfermodeMethods,
+                                  NELEM(gXfermodeMethods));
+    android::RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/AvoidXfermode", gAvoidMethods,
+                                  NELEM(gAvoidMethods));
+    android::RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/PixelXorXfermode", gPixelXorMethods,
+                                  NELEM(gPixelXorMethods));
 
     return 0;
 }
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/YuvToJpegEncoder.cpp b/core/jni/android/graphics/YuvToJpegEncoder.cpp
index 9b2e4b5..5eede2a 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/YuvToJpegEncoder.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/YuvToJpegEncoder.cpp
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
 #include <ui/PixelFormat.h>
 #include <hardware/hardware.h>
 
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
+
 #include <jni.h>
 
 YuvToJpegEncoder* YuvToJpegEncoder::create(int format, int* strides) {
@@ -241,17 +243,13 @@ static jboolean YuvImage_compressToJpeg(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jbyteArray inYuv,
 }
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
-
 static JNINativeMethod gYuvImageMethods[] = {
     {   "nativeCompressToJpeg",  "([BIII[I[IILjava/io/OutputStream;[B)Z",
         (void*)YuvImage_compressToJpeg }
 };
 
-#define kClassPathName  "android/graphics/YuvImage"
-
 int register_android_graphics_YuvImage(JNIEnv* env)
 {
-    return android::AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, kClassPathName,
-            gYuvImageMethods, SK_ARRAY_COUNT(gYuvImageMethods));
+    return android::RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/YuvImage", gYuvImageMethods,
+                                         NELEM(gYuvImageMethods));
 }
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/YuvToJpegEncoder.h b/core/jni/android/graphics/YuvToJpegEncoder.h
index 0d418ed..1ea844a 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/YuvToJpegEncoder.h
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/YuvToJpegEncoder.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-#ifndef YuvToJpegEncoder_DEFINED
-#define YuvToJpegEncoder_DEFINED
+#ifndef _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_YUV_TO_JPEG_ENCODER_H_
+#define _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_YUV_TO_JPEG_ENCODER_H_
 
 #include "SkTypes.h"
 #include "SkStream.h"
@@ -47,16 +47,16 @@ protected:
 
 class Yuv420SpToJpegEncoder : public YuvToJpegEncoder {
 public:
-     Yuv420SpToJpegEncoder(int* strides);
-     virtual ~Yuv420SpToJpegEncoder() {}
+    Yuv420SpToJpegEncoder(int* strides);
+    virtual ~Yuv420SpToJpegEncoder() {}
 
 private:
-     void configSamplingFactors(jpeg_compress_struct* cinfo);
-     void deinterleaveYuv(uint8_t* yuv, int width, int height,
+    void configSamplingFactors(jpeg_compress_struct* cinfo);
+    void deinterleaveYuv(uint8_t* yuv, int width, int height,
             uint8_t*& yPlanar, uint8_t*& uPlanar, uint8_t*& vPlanar);
-     void deinterleave(uint8_t* vuPlanar, uint8_t* uRows, uint8_t* vRows,
-             int rowIndex, int width, int height);
-     void compress(jpeg_compress_struct* cinfo, uint8_t* yuv, int* offsets);
+    void deinterleave(uint8_t* vuPlanar, uint8_t* uRows, uint8_t* vRows,
+            int rowIndex, int width, int height);
+    void compress(jpeg_compress_struct* cinfo, uint8_t* yuv, int* offsets);
 };
 
 class Yuv422IToJpegEncoder : public YuvToJpegEncoder {
@@ -71,4 +71,4 @@ private:
             uint8_t* vRows, int rowIndex, int width, int height);
 };
 
-#endif
+#endif  // _ANDROID_GRAPHICS_YUV_TO_JPEG_ENCODER_H_
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/pdf/PdfDocument.cpp b/core/jni/android/graphics/pdf/PdfDocument.cpp
index 9436a47..be90612 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/pdf/PdfDocument.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/pdf/PdfDocument.cpp
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 
 #include "jni.h"
 #include "GraphicsJNI.h"
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "Canvas.h"
@@ -164,10 +164,9 @@ static JNINativeMethod gPdfDocument_Methods[] = {
 };
 
 int register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfDocument(JNIEnv* env) {
-    int result = android::AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(
             env, "android/graphics/pdf/PdfDocument", gPdfDocument_Methods,
             NELEM(gPdfDocument_Methods));
-    return result;
 }
 
 };
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/pdf/PdfEditor.cpp b/core/jni/android/graphics/pdf/PdfEditor.cpp
index 17090b7..cb228f2 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/pdf/PdfEditor.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/pdf/PdfEditor.cpp
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
 
 #include "SkMatrix.h"
 
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include <core_jni_helpers.h>
 #include <vector>
 #include <utils/Log.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
@@ -355,19 +355,19 @@ static JNINativeMethod gPdfEditor_Methods[] = {
 };
 
 int register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfEditor(JNIEnv* env) {
-    const int result = android::AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(
+    const int result = RegisterMethodsOrDie(
             env, "android/graphics/pdf/PdfEditor", gPdfEditor_Methods,
             NELEM(gPdfEditor_Methods));
 
-    jclass pointClass = env->FindClass("android/graphics/Point");
-    gPointClassInfo.x = env->GetFieldID(pointClass, "x", "I");
-    gPointClassInfo.y = env->GetFieldID(pointClass, "y", "I");
+    jclass pointClass = FindClassOrDie(env, "android/graphics/Point");
+    gPointClassInfo.x = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, pointClass, "x", "I");
+    gPointClassInfo.y = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, pointClass, "y", "I");
 
-    jclass rectClass = env->FindClass("android/graphics/Rect");
-    gRectClassInfo.left = env->GetFieldID(rectClass, "left", "I");
-    gRectClassInfo.top = env->GetFieldID(rectClass, "top", "I");
-    gRectClassInfo.right = env->GetFieldID(rectClass, "right", "I");
-    gRectClassInfo.bottom = env->GetFieldID(rectClass, "bottom", "I");
+    jclass rectClass = FindClassOrDie(env, "android/graphics/Rect");
+    gRectClassInfo.left = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, rectClass, "left", "I");
+    gRectClassInfo.top = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, rectClass, "top", "I");
+    gRectClassInfo.right = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, rectClass, "right", "I");
+    gRectClassInfo.bottom = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, rectClass, "bottom", "I");
 
     return result;
 };
diff --git a/core/jni/android/graphics/pdf/PdfRenderer.cpp b/core/jni/android/graphics/pdf/PdfRenderer.cpp
index 3319578..ae23cb4 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/graphics/pdf/PdfRenderer.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android/graphics/pdf/PdfRenderer.cpp
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
 #include "fsdk_rendercontext.h"
 #pragma GCC diagnostic pop
 
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 #include <vector>
 #include <utils/Log.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
@@ -282,13 +282,13 @@ static JNINativeMethod gPdfRenderer_Methods[] = {
 };
 
 int register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfRenderer(JNIEnv* env) {
-    int result = android::AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(
+    int result = RegisterMethodsOrDie(
             env, "android/graphics/pdf/PdfRenderer", gPdfRenderer_Methods,
             NELEM(gPdfRenderer_Methods));
 
-    jclass clazz = env->FindClass("android/graphics/Point");
-    gPointClassInfo.x = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "x", "I");
-    gPointClassInfo.y = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "y", "I");
+    jclass clazz = FindClassOrDie(env, "android/graphics/Point");
+    gPointClassInfo.x = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, clazz, "x", "I");
+    gPointClassInfo.y = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, clazz, "y", "I");
 
     return result;
 };
diff --git a/core/jni/android/opengl/util.cpp b/core/jni/android/opengl/util.cpp
index f60a154..da30044 100644
--- a/core/jni/android/opengl/util.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android/opengl/util.cpp
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 
 #include <SkBitmap.h>
 
-#include "android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h"
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 
 #undef LOG_TAG
 #define LOG_TAG "OpenGLUtil"
@@ -732,24 +732,22 @@ static jfieldID elementSizeShiftID;
 /* Cache method IDs each time the class is loaded. */
 
 static void
-nativeClassInitBuffer(JNIEnv *_env)
+nativeClassInitBuffer(JNIEnv *env)
 {
-    jclass nioAccessClassLocal = _env->FindClass("java/nio/NIOAccess");
-    nioAccessClass = (jclass) _env->NewGlobalRef(nioAccessClassLocal);
-
-    jclass bufferClassLocal = _env->FindClass("java/nio/Buffer");
-    bufferClass = (jclass) _env->NewGlobalRef(bufferClassLocal);
-
-    getBasePointerID = _env->GetStaticMethodID(nioAccessClass,
+    jclass nioAccessClassLocal = FindClassOrDie(env, "java/nio/NIOAccess");
+    nioAccessClass = MakeGlobalRefOrDie(env, nioAccessClassLocal);
+    getBasePointerID = GetStaticMethodIDOrDie(env, nioAccessClass,
             "getBasePointer", "(Ljava/nio/Buffer;)J");
-    getBaseArrayID = _env->GetStaticMethodID(nioAccessClass,
+    getBaseArrayID = GetStaticMethodIDOrDie(env, nioAccessClass,
             "getBaseArray", "(Ljava/nio/Buffer;)Ljava/lang/Object;");
-    getBaseArrayOffsetID = _env->GetStaticMethodID(nioAccessClass,
+    getBaseArrayOffsetID = GetStaticMethodIDOrDie(env, nioAccessClass,
             "getBaseArrayOffset", "(Ljava/nio/Buffer;)I");
-    positionID = _env->GetFieldID(bufferClass, "position", "I");
-    limitID = _env->GetFieldID(bufferClass, "limit", "I");
-    elementSizeShiftID =
-        _env->GetFieldID(bufferClass, "_elementSizeShift", "I");
+
+    jclass bufferClassLocal = FindClassOrDie(env, "java/nio/Buffer");
+    bufferClass = MakeGlobalRefOrDie(env, bufferClassLocal);
+    positionID = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, bufferClass, "position", "I");
+    limitID = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, bufferClass, "limit", "I");
+    elementSizeShiftID = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, bufferClass, "_elementSizeShift", "I");
 }
 
 static void *
@@ -1056,12 +1054,7 @@ int register_android_opengl_classes(JNIEnv* env)
     int result = 0;
     for (int i = 0; i < NELEM(gClasses); i++) {
         ClassRegistrationInfo* cri = &gClasses[i];
-        result = AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env,
-                cri->classPath, cri->methods, cri->methodCount);
-        if (result < 0) {
-            ALOGE("Failed to register %s: %d", cri->classPath, result);
-            break;
-        }
+        result = RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, cri->classPath, cri->methods, cri->methodCount);
     }
     return result;
 }
diff --git a/core/jni/android_animation_PropertyValuesHolder.cpp b/core/jni/android_animation_PropertyValuesHolder.cpp
index ef1c4ed..d117741 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_animation_PropertyValuesHolder.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_animation_PropertyValuesHolder.cpp
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include <assert.h>
 
 #include "jni.h"
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 #include <utils/misc.h>
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -168,8 +168,7 @@ static JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {
 
 int register_android_animation_PropertyValuesHolder(JNIEnv* env)
 {
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env,
-            kClassPathName, gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, kClassPathName, gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
 }
 
 };
diff --git a/core/jni/android_app_NativeActivity.cpp b/core/jni/android_app_NativeActivity.cpp
index a65b690..95be3f2 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_app_NativeActivity.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_app_NativeActivity.cpp
@@ -42,12 +42,15 @@
 
 #include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 
+
 #define LOG_TRACE(...)
 //#define LOG_TRACE(...) ALOG(LOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, __VA_ARGS__)
 
 namespace android
 {
 
+static const bool kLogTrace = false;
+
 static struct {
     jmethodID finish;
     jmethodID setWindowFlags;
@@ -77,8 +80,10 @@ static void write_work(int fd, int32_t cmd, int32_t arg1=0, int32_t arg2=0) {
     work.cmd = cmd;
     work.arg1 = arg1;
     work.arg2 = arg2;
-    
-    LOG_TRACE("write_work: cmd=%d", cmd);
+
+    if (kLogTrace) {
+        ALOGD("write_work: cmd=%d", cmd);
+    }
 
 restart:
     int res = write(fd, &work, sizeof(work));
@@ -208,7 +213,9 @@ static int mainWorkCallback(int fd, int events, void* data) {
         return 1;
     }
 
-    LOG_TRACE("mainWorkCallback: cmd=%d", work.cmd);
+    if (kLogTrace) {
+        ALOGD("mainWorkCallback: cmd=%d", work.cmd);
+    }
 
     switch (work.cmd) {
         case CMD_FINISH: {
@@ -251,7 +258,9 @@ loadNativeCode_native(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jstring path, jstring funcName
         jstring externalDataDir, jint sdkVersion,
         jobject jAssetMgr, jbyteArray savedState)
 {
-    LOG_TRACE("loadNativeCode_native");
+    if (kLogTrace) {
+        ALOGD("loadNativeCode_native");
+    }
 
     const char* pathStr = env->GetStringUTFChars(path, NULL);
     NativeCode* code = NULL;
@@ -360,7 +369,9 @@ loadNativeCode_native(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jstring path, jstring funcName
 static void
 unloadNativeCode_native(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jlong handle)
 {
-    LOG_TRACE("unloadNativeCode_native");
+    if (kLogTrace) {
+        ALOGD("unloadNativeCode_native");
+    }
     if (handle != 0) {
         NativeCode* code = (NativeCode*)handle;
         delete code;
@@ -370,7 +381,9 @@ unloadNativeCode_native(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jlong handle)
 static void
 onStart_native(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jlong handle)
 {
-    LOG_TRACE("onStart_native");
+    if (kLogTrace) {
+        ALOGD("onStart_native");
+    }
     if (handle != 0) {
         NativeCode* code = (NativeCode*)handle;
         if (code->callbacks.onStart != NULL) {
@@ -382,7 +395,9 @@ onStart_native(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jlong handle)
 static void
 onResume_native(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jlong handle)
 {
-    LOG_TRACE("onResume_native");
+    if (kLogTrace) {
+        ALOGD("onResume_native");
+    }
     if (handle != 0) {
         NativeCode* code = (NativeCode*)handle;
         if (code->callbacks.onResume != NULL) {
@@ -394,7 +409,9 @@ onResume_native(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jlong handle)
 static jbyteArray
 onSaveInstanceState_native(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jlong handle)
 {
-    LOG_TRACE("onSaveInstanceState_native");
+    if (kLogTrace) {
+        ALOGD("onSaveInstanceState_native");
+    }
 
     jbyteArray array = NULL;
 
@@ -421,7 +438,9 @@ onSaveInstanceState_native(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jlong handle)
 static void
 onPause_native(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jlong handle)
 {
-    LOG_TRACE("onPause_native");
+    if (kLogTrace) {
+        ALOGD("onPause_native");
+    }
     if (handle != 0) {
         NativeCode* code = (NativeCode*)handle;
         if (code->callbacks.onPause != NULL) {
@@ -433,7 +452,9 @@ onPause_native(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jlong handle)
 static void
 onStop_native(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jlong handle)
 {
-    LOG_TRACE("onStop_native");
+    if (kLogTrace) {
+        ALOGD("onStop_native");
+    }
     if (handle != 0) {
         NativeCode* code = (NativeCode*)handle;
         if (code->callbacks.onStop != NULL) {
@@ -445,7 +466,9 @@ onStop_native(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jlong handle)
 static void
 onConfigurationChanged_native(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jlong handle)
 {
-    LOG_TRACE("onConfigurationChanged_native");
+    if (kLogTrace) {
+        ALOGD("onConfigurationChanged_native");
+    }
     if (handle != 0) {
         NativeCode* code = (NativeCode*)handle;
         if (code->callbacks.onConfigurationChanged != NULL) {
@@ -457,7 +480,9 @@ onConfigurationChanged_native(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jlong handle)
 static void
 onLowMemory_native(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jlong handle)
 {
-    LOG_TRACE("onLowMemory_native");
+    if (kLogTrace) {
+        ALOGD("onLowMemory_native");
+    }
     if (handle != 0) {
         NativeCode* code = (NativeCode*)handle;
         if (code->callbacks.onLowMemory != NULL) {
@@ -469,7 +494,9 @@ onLowMemory_native(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jlong handle)
 static void
 onWindowFocusChanged_native(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jlong handle, jboolean focused)
 {
-    LOG_TRACE("onWindowFocusChanged_native");
+    if (kLogTrace) {
+        ALOGD("onWindowFocusChanged_native");
+    }
     if (handle != 0) {
         NativeCode* code = (NativeCode*)handle;
         if (code->callbacks.onWindowFocusChanged != NULL) {
@@ -481,7 +508,9 @@ onWindowFocusChanged_native(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jlong handle, jboolean f
 static void
 onSurfaceCreated_native(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jlong handle, jobject surface)
 {
-    LOG_TRACE("onSurfaceCreated_native");
+    if (kLogTrace) {
+        ALOGD("onSurfaceCreated_native");
+    }
     if (handle != 0) {
         NativeCode* code = (NativeCode*)handle;
         code->setSurface(surface);
@@ -502,7 +531,9 @@ static void
 onSurfaceChanged_native(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jlong handle, jobject surface,
         jint format, jint width, jint height)
 {
-    LOG_TRACE("onSurfaceChanged_native");
+    if (kLogTrace) {
+        ALOGD("onSurfaceChanged_native");
+    }
     if (handle != 0) {
         NativeCode* code = (NativeCode*)handle;
         sp<ANativeWindow> oldNativeWindow = code->nativeWindow;
@@ -542,7 +573,9 @@ onSurfaceChanged_native(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jlong handle, jobject surfac
 static void
 onSurfaceRedrawNeeded_native(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jlong handle)
 {
-    LOG_TRACE("onSurfaceRedrawNeeded_native");
+    if (kLogTrace) {
+        ALOGD("onSurfaceRedrawNeeded_native");
+    }
     if (handle != 0) {
         NativeCode* code = (NativeCode*)handle;
         if (code->nativeWindow != NULL && code->callbacks.onNativeWindowRedrawNeeded != NULL) {
@@ -554,7 +587,9 @@ onSurfaceRedrawNeeded_native(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jlong handle)
 static void
 onSurfaceDestroyed_native(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jlong handle, jobject surface)
 {
-    LOG_TRACE("onSurfaceDestroyed_native");
+    if (kLogTrace) {
+        ALOGD("onSurfaceDestroyed_native");
+    }
     if (handle != 0) {
         NativeCode* code = (NativeCode*)handle;
         if (code->nativeWindow != NULL && code->callbacks.onNativeWindowDestroyed != NULL) {
@@ -568,7 +603,9 @@ onSurfaceDestroyed_native(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jlong handle, jobject surf
 static void
 onInputQueueCreated_native(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jlong handle, jlong queuePtr)
 {
-    LOG_TRACE("onInputChannelCreated_native");
+    if (kLogTrace) {
+        ALOGD("onInputChannelCreated_native");
+    }
     if (handle != 0) {
         NativeCode* code = (NativeCode*)handle;
         if (code->callbacks.onInputQueueCreated != NULL) {
@@ -581,7 +618,9 @@ onInputQueueCreated_native(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jlong handle, jlong queue
 static void
 onInputQueueDestroyed_native(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jlong handle, jlong queuePtr)
 {
-    LOG_TRACE("onInputChannelDestroyed_native");
+    if (kLogTrace) {
+        ALOGD("onInputChannelDestroyed_native");
+    }
     if (handle != 0) {
         NativeCode* code = (NativeCode*)handle;
         if (code->callbacks.onInputQueueDestroyed != NULL) {
@@ -595,7 +634,9 @@ static void
 onContentRectChanged_native(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jlong handle,
         jint x, jint y, jint w, jint h)
 {
-    LOG_TRACE("onContentRectChanged_native");
+    if (kLogTrace) {
+        ALOGD("onContentRectChanged_native");
+    }
     if (handle != 0) {
         NativeCode* code = (NativeCode*)handle;
         if (code->callbacks.onContentRectChanged != NULL) {
diff --git a/core/jni/android_backup_BackupDataOutput.cpp b/core/jni/android_backup_BackupDataOutput.cpp
index 81f9ff4..a7894f4 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_backup_BackupDataOutput.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_backup_BackupDataOutput.cpp
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include <utils/Log.h>
 
 #include "JNIHelp.h"
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 
 #include <androidfw/BackupHelpers.h>
 
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ static const JNINativeMethod g_methods[] = {
 int register_android_backup_BackupDataOutput(JNIEnv* env)
 {
     //ALOGD("register_android_backup_BackupDataOutput");
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, "android/app/backup/BackupDataOutput",
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/app/backup/BackupDataOutput",
             g_methods, NELEM(g_methods));
 }
 
diff --git a/core/jni/android_backup_FileBackupHelperBase.cpp b/core/jni/android_backup_FileBackupHelperBase.cpp
index 66e3e9d..6d6ac1b 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_backup_FileBackupHelperBase.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_backup_FileBackupHelperBase.cpp
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include <utils/Log.h>
 
 #include "JNIHelp.h"
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 
 #include <androidfw/BackupHelpers.h>
 
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ static const JNINativeMethod g_methods[] = {
 
 int register_android_backup_FileBackupHelperBase(JNIEnv* env)
 {
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, "android/app/backup/FileBackupHelperBase",
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/app/backup/FileBackupHelperBase",
             g_methods, NELEM(g_methods));
 }
 
diff --git a/core/jni/android_database_SQLiteGlobal.cpp b/core/jni/android_database_SQLiteGlobal.cpp
index 89d64fa..d0c592e 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_database_SQLiteGlobal.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_database_SQLiteGlobal.cpp
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 
 #include <jni.h>
 #include <JNIHelp.h>
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 
 #include <sqlite3.h>
 #include <sqlite3_android.h>
@@ -74,15 +74,14 @@ static jint nativeReleaseMemory(JNIEnv* env, jclass clazz) {
 static JNINativeMethod sMethods[] =
 {
     /* name, signature, funcPtr */
-    { "nativeReleaseMemory", "()I",
-            (void*)nativeReleaseMemory },
+    { "nativeReleaseMemory", "()I", (void*)nativeReleaseMemory },
 };
 
 int register_android_database_SQLiteGlobal(JNIEnv *env)
 {
     sqliteInitialize();
 
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, "android/database/sqlite/SQLiteGlobal",
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/database/sqlite/SQLiteGlobal",
             sMethods, NELEM(sMethods));
 }
 
diff --git a/core/jni/android_ddm_DdmHandleNativeHeap.cpp b/core/jni/android_ddm_DdmHandleNativeHeap.cpp
index 0938396..ae96936 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_ddm_DdmHandleNativeHeap.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_ddm_DdmHandleNativeHeap.cpp
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 
 #include <JNIHelp.h>
 #include <jni.h>
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 
 #include <utils/Log.h>
 #include <utils/String8.h>
@@ -110,7 +110,8 @@ static JNINativeMethod method_table[] = {
 };
 
 int register_android_ddm_DdmHandleNativeHeap(JNIEnv* env) {
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, "android/ddm/DdmHandleNativeHeap", method_table, NELEM(method_table));
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/ddm/DdmHandleNativeHeap", method_table,
+                                NELEM(method_table));
 }
 
 };
diff --git a/core/jni/android_graphics_Canvas.cpp b/core/jni/android_graphics_Canvas.cpp
index 507c165..19aad61 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_graphics_Canvas.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_graphics_Canvas.cpp
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 
 #include "jni.h"
 #include "GraphicsJNI.h"
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 
 #include "Canvas.h"
 #include "SkDrawFilter.h"
@@ -700,7 +700,7 @@ static JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {
 };
 
 int register_android_graphics_Canvas(JNIEnv* env) {
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, "android/graphics/Canvas", gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/Canvas", gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
 }
 
 }; // namespace android
diff --git a/core/jni/android_graphics_Picture.cpp b/core/jni/android_graphics_Picture.cpp
index eb8f6dd..308ee20 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_graphics_Picture.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_graphics_Picture.cpp
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 
 #include "jni.h"
 #include "GraphicsJNI.h"
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 
 #include "Picture.h"
 
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ static JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {
 };
 
 int register_android_graphics_Picture(JNIEnv* env) {
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, "android/graphics/Picture", gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/graphics/Picture", gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
 }
 
 }; // namespace android
diff --git a/core/jni/android_hardware_Camera.cpp b/core/jni/android_hardware_Camera.cpp
index 4d191a31..7a0f511 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_hardware_Camera.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_hardware_Camera.cpp
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 
 #include "jni.h"
 #include "JNIHelp.h"
-#include "android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h"
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 #include <android_runtime/android_graphics_SurfaceTexture.h>
 #include <android_runtime/android_view_Surface.h>
 
@@ -1033,26 +1033,14 @@ struct field {
     jfieldID   *jfield;
 };
 
-static int find_fields(JNIEnv *env, field *fields, int count)
+static void find_fields(JNIEnv *env, field *fields, int count)
 {
     for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
         field *f = &fields[i];
-        jclass clazz = env->FindClass(f->class_name);
-        if (clazz == NULL) {
-            ALOGE("Can't find %s", f->class_name);
-            return -1;
-        }
-
-        jfieldID field = env->GetFieldID(clazz, f->field_name, f->field_type);
-        if (field == NULL) {
-            ALOGE("Can't find %s.%s", f->class_name, f->field_name);
-            return -1;
-        }
-
+        jclass clazz = FindClassOrDie(env, f->class_name);
+        jfieldID field = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, clazz, f->field_name, f->field_type);
         *(f->jfield) = field;
     }
-
-    return 0;
 }
 
 // Get all the required offsets in java class and register native functions
@@ -1078,30 +1066,17 @@ int register_android_hardware_Camera(JNIEnv *env)
         { "android/graphics/Point", "y", "I", &fields.point_y},
     };
 
-    if (find_fields(env, fields_to_find, NELEM(fields_to_find)) < 0)
-        return -1;
+    find_fields(env, fields_to_find, NELEM(fields_to_find));
 
-    jclass clazz = env->FindClass("android/hardware/Camera");
-    fields.post_event = env->GetStaticMethodID(clazz, "postEventFromNative",
+    jclass clazz = FindClassOrDie(env, "android/hardware/Camera");
+    fields.post_event = GetStaticMethodIDOrDie(env, clazz, "postEventFromNative",
                                                "(Ljava/lang/Object;IIILjava/lang/Object;)V");
-    if (fields.post_event == NULL) {
-        ALOGE("Can't find android/hardware/Camera.postEventFromNative");
-        return -1;
-    }
 
-    clazz = env->FindClass("android/graphics/Rect");
-    fields.rect_constructor = env->GetMethodID(clazz, "<init>", "()V");
-    if (fields.rect_constructor == NULL) {
-        ALOGE("Can't find android/graphics/Rect.Rect()");
-        return -1;
-    }
+    clazz = FindClassOrDie(env, "android/graphics/Rect");
+    fields.rect_constructor = GetMethodIDOrDie(env, clazz, "<init>", "()V");
 
-    clazz = env->FindClass("android/hardware/Camera$Face");
-    fields.face_constructor = env->GetMethodID(clazz, "<init>", "()V");
-    if (fields.face_constructor == NULL) {
-        ALOGE("Can't find android/hardware/Camera$Face.Face()");
-        return -1;
-    }
+    clazz = FindClassOrDie(env, "android/hardware/Camera$Face");
+    fields.face_constructor = GetMethodIDOrDie(env, clazz, "<init>", "()V");
 
     clazz = env->FindClass("android/graphics/Point");
     fields.point_constructor = env->GetMethodID(clazz, "<init>", "()V");
@@ -1111,6 +1086,5 @@ int register_android_hardware_Camera(JNIEnv *env)
     }
 
     // Register native functions
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, "android/hardware/Camera",
-                                              camMethods, NELEM(camMethods));
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/hardware/Camera", camMethods, NELEM(camMethods));
 }
diff --git a/core/jni/android_hardware_SerialPort.cpp b/core/jni/android_hardware_SerialPort.cpp
index 7f40a5c..2d2ff4d 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_hardware_SerialPort.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_hardware_SerialPort.cpp
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 
 #include "jni.h"
 #include "JNIHelp.h"
-#include "android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h"
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
@@ -260,17 +260,9 @@ static JNINativeMethod method_table[] = {
 
 int register_android_hardware_SerialPort(JNIEnv *env)
 {
-    jclass clazz = env->FindClass("android/hardware/SerialPort");
-    if (clazz == NULL) {
-        ALOGE("Can't find android/hardware/SerialPort");
-        return -1;
-    }
-    field_context = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "mNativeContext", "I");
-    if (field_context == NULL) {
-        ALOGE("Can't find SerialPort.mNativeContext");
-        return -1;
-    }
+    jclass clazz = FindClassOrDie(env, "android/hardware/SerialPort");
+    field_context = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, clazz, "mNativeContext", "I");
 
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, "android/hardware/SerialPort",
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/hardware/SerialPort",
             method_table, NELEM(method_table));
 }
diff --git a/core/jni/android_hardware_SoundTrigger.cpp b/core/jni/android_hardware_SoundTrigger.cpp
index 2a8e6d6..28e5030 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_hardware_SoundTrigger.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_hardware_SoundTrigger.cpp
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 
 #include "jni.h"
 #include "JNIHelp.h"
-#include "android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h"
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 #include <system/sound_trigger.h>
 #include <soundtrigger/SoundTriggerCallback.h>
 #include <soundtrigger/SoundTrigger.h>
@@ -801,112 +801,102 @@ static JNINativeMethod gModuleMethods[] = {
 
 int register_android_hardware_SoundTrigger(JNIEnv *env)
 {
-    jclass arrayListClass = env->FindClass("java/util/ArrayList");
-    gArrayListClass = (jclass) env->NewGlobalRef(arrayListClass);
-    gArrayListMethods.add = env->GetMethodID(arrayListClass, "add", "(Ljava/lang/Object;)Z");
-
-    jclass uuidClass = env->FindClass("java/util/UUID");
-    gUUIDClass = (jclass) env->NewGlobalRef(uuidClass);
-    gUUIDMethods.toString = env->GetMethodID(uuidClass, "toString", "()Ljava/lang/String;");
-
-    jclass lClass = env->FindClass(kSoundTriggerClassPathName);
-    gSoundTriggerClass = (jclass) env->NewGlobalRef(lClass);
-
-    jclass moduleClass = env->FindClass(kModuleClassPathName);
-    gModuleClass = (jclass) env->NewGlobalRef(moduleClass);
-    gPostEventFromNative = env->GetStaticMethodID(moduleClass, "postEventFromNative",
-                                            "(Ljava/lang/Object;IIILjava/lang/Object;)V");
-    gModuleFields.mNativeContext = env->GetFieldID(moduleClass, "mNativeContext", "J");
-    gModuleFields.mId = env->GetFieldID(moduleClass, "mId", "I");
-
-
-    jclass modulePropertiesClass = env->FindClass(kModulePropertiesClassPathName);
-    gModulePropertiesClass = (jclass) env->NewGlobalRef(modulePropertiesClass);
-    gModulePropertiesCstor = env->GetMethodID(modulePropertiesClass, "<init>",
-                              "(ILjava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;IIIIIZIZIZ)V");
-
-    jclass soundModelClass = env->FindClass(kSoundModelClassPathName);
-    gSoundModelClass = (jclass) env->NewGlobalRef(soundModelClass);
-    gSoundModelFields.uuid = env->GetFieldID(soundModelClass, "uuid", "Ljava/util/UUID;");
-    gSoundModelFields.vendorUuid = env->GetFieldID(soundModelClass, "vendorUuid", "Ljava/util/UUID;");
-    gSoundModelFields.data = env->GetFieldID(soundModelClass, "data", "[B");
-
-    jclass keyphraseClass = env->FindClass(kKeyphraseClassPathName);
-    gKeyphraseClass = (jclass) env->NewGlobalRef(keyphraseClass);
-    gKeyphraseFields.id = env->GetFieldID(keyphraseClass, "id", "I");
-    gKeyphraseFields.recognitionModes = env->GetFieldID(keyphraseClass, "recognitionModes", "I");
-    gKeyphraseFields.locale = env->GetFieldID(keyphraseClass, "locale", "Ljava/lang/String;");
-    gKeyphraseFields.text = env->GetFieldID(keyphraseClass, "text", "Ljava/lang/String;");
-    gKeyphraseFields.users = env->GetFieldID(keyphraseClass, "users", "[I");
-
-    jclass keyphraseSoundModelClass = env->FindClass(kKeyphraseSoundModelClassPathName);
-    gKeyphraseSoundModelClass = (jclass) env->NewGlobalRef(keyphraseSoundModelClass);
-    gKeyphraseSoundModelFields.keyphrases = env->GetFieldID(keyphraseSoundModelClass,
+    jclass arrayListClass = FindClassOrDie(env, "java/util/ArrayList");
+    gArrayListClass = MakeGlobalRefOrDie(env, arrayListClass);
+    gArrayListMethods.add = GetMethodIDOrDie(env, arrayListClass, "add", "(Ljava/lang/Object;)Z");
+
+    jclass uuidClass = FindClassOrDie(env, "java/util/UUID");
+    gUUIDClass = MakeGlobalRefOrDie(env, uuidClass);
+    gUUIDMethods.toString = GetMethodIDOrDie(env, uuidClass, "toString", "()Ljava/lang/String;");
+
+    jclass lClass = FindClassOrDie(env, kSoundTriggerClassPathName);
+    gSoundTriggerClass = MakeGlobalRefOrDie(env, lClass);
+
+    jclass moduleClass = FindClassOrDie(env, kModuleClassPathName);
+    gModuleClass = MakeGlobalRefOrDie(env, moduleClass);
+    gPostEventFromNative = GetStaticMethodIDOrDie(env, moduleClass, "postEventFromNative",
+                                                  "(Ljava/lang/Object;IIILjava/lang/Object;)V");
+    gModuleFields.mNativeContext = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, moduleClass, "mNativeContext", "J");
+    gModuleFields.mId = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, moduleClass, "mId", "I");
+
+    jclass modulePropertiesClass = FindClassOrDie(env, kModulePropertiesClassPathName);
+    gModulePropertiesClass = MakeGlobalRefOrDie(env, modulePropertiesClass);
+    gModulePropertiesCstor = GetMethodIDOrDie(env, modulePropertiesClass, "<init>",
+            "(ILjava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;IIIIIZIZIZ)V");
+
+    jclass soundModelClass = FindClassOrDie(env, kSoundModelClassPathName);
+    gSoundModelClass = MakeGlobalRefOrDie(env, soundModelClass);
+    gSoundModelFields.uuid = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, soundModelClass, "uuid", "Ljava/util/UUID;");
+    gSoundModelFields.vendorUuid = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, soundModelClass, "vendorUuid",
+                                                   "Ljava/util/UUID;");
+    gSoundModelFields.data = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, soundModelClass, "data", "[B");
+
+    jclass keyphraseClass = FindClassOrDie(env, kKeyphraseClassPathName);
+    gKeyphraseClass = MakeGlobalRefOrDie(env, keyphraseClass);
+    gKeyphraseFields.id = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, keyphraseClass, "id", "I");
+    gKeyphraseFields.recognitionModes = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, keyphraseClass, "recognitionModes",
+                                                        "I");
+    gKeyphraseFields.locale = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, keyphraseClass, "locale", "Ljava/lang/String;");
+    gKeyphraseFields.text = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, keyphraseClass, "text", "Ljava/lang/String;");
+    gKeyphraseFields.users = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, keyphraseClass, "users", "[I");
+
+    jclass keyphraseSoundModelClass = FindClassOrDie(env, kKeyphraseSoundModelClassPathName);
+    gKeyphraseSoundModelClass = MakeGlobalRefOrDie(env, keyphraseSoundModelClass);
+    gKeyphraseSoundModelFields.keyphrases = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, keyphraseSoundModelClass,
                                          "keyphrases",
                                          "[Landroid/hardware/soundtrigger/SoundTrigger$Keyphrase;");
 
-
-    jclass recognitionEventClass = env->FindClass(kRecognitionEventClassPathName);
-    gRecognitionEventClass = (jclass) env->NewGlobalRef(recognitionEventClass);
-    gRecognitionEventCstor = env->GetMethodID(recognitionEventClass, "<init>",
+    jclass recognitionEventClass = FindClassOrDie(env, kRecognitionEventClassPathName);
+    gRecognitionEventClass = MakeGlobalRefOrDie(env, recognitionEventClass);
+    gRecognitionEventCstor = GetMethodIDOrDie(env, recognitionEventClass, "<init>",
                                               "(IIZIIIZLandroid/media/AudioFormat;[B)V");
 
-    jclass keyphraseRecognitionEventClass = env->FindClass(kKeyphraseRecognitionEventClassPathName);
-    gKeyphraseRecognitionEventClass = (jclass) env->NewGlobalRef(keyphraseRecognitionEventClass);
-    gKeyphraseRecognitionEventCstor = env->GetMethodID(keyphraseRecognitionEventClass, "<init>",
+    jclass keyphraseRecognitionEventClass = FindClassOrDie(env,
+                                                           kKeyphraseRecognitionEventClassPathName);
+    gKeyphraseRecognitionEventClass = MakeGlobalRefOrDie(env, keyphraseRecognitionEventClass);
+    gKeyphraseRecognitionEventCstor = GetMethodIDOrDie(env, keyphraseRecognitionEventClass, "<init>",
               "(IIZIIIZLandroid/media/AudioFormat;[B[Landroid/hardware/soundtrigger/SoundTrigger$KeyphraseRecognitionExtra;)V");
 
 
-    jclass keyRecognitionConfigClass = env->FindClass(kRecognitionConfigClassPathName);
-    gRecognitionConfigClass = (jclass) env->NewGlobalRef(keyRecognitionConfigClass);
-    gRecognitionConfigFields.captureRequested = env->GetFieldID(keyRecognitionConfigClass,
-                                                              "captureRequested",
-                                                              "Z");
-    gRecognitionConfigFields.keyphrases = env->GetFieldID(keyRecognitionConfigClass,
-                        "keyphrases",
-                        "[Landroid/hardware/soundtrigger/SoundTrigger$KeyphraseRecognitionExtra;");
-    gRecognitionConfigFields.data = env->GetFieldID(keyRecognitionConfigClass,
-                                                              "data",
-                                                              "[B");
-
-    jclass keyphraseRecognitionExtraClass = env->FindClass(kKeyphraseRecognitionExtraClassPathName);
-    gKeyphraseRecognitionExtraClass = (jclass) env->NewGlobalRef(keyphraseRecognitionExtraClass);
-    gKeyphraseRecognitionExtraCstor = env->GetMethodID(keyphraseRecognitionExtraClass, "<init>",
-                           "(III[Landroid/hardware/soundtrigger/SoundTrigger$ConfidenceLevel;)V");
-    gKeyphraseRecognitionExtraFields.id = env->GetFieldID(gKeyphraseRecognitionExtraClass, "id", "I");
-    gKeyphraseRecognitionExtraFields.recognitionModes = env->GetFieldID(gKeyphraseRecognitionExtraClass,
-                                                                        "recognitionModes", "I");
-    gKeyphraseRecognitionExtraFields.coarseConfidenceLevel = env->GetFieldID(gKeyphraseRecognitionExtraClass,
-                                                                        "coarseConfidenceLevel", "I");
-    gKeyphraseRecognitionExtraFields.confidenceLevels = env->GetFieldID(gKeyphraseRecognitionExtraClass,
-                                             "confidenceLevels",
-                                             "[Landroid/hardware/soundtrigger/SoundTrigger$ConfidenceLevel;");
-
-    jclass confidenceLevelClass = env->FindClass(kConfidenceLevelClassPathName);
-    gConfidenceLevelClass = (jclass) env->NewGlobalRef(confidenceLevelClass);
-    gConfidenceLevelCstor = env->GetMethodID(confidenceLevelClass, "<init>", "(II)V");
-    gConfidenceLevelFields.userId = env->GetFieldID(confidenceLevelClass, "userId", "I");
-    gConfidenceLevelFields.confidenceLevel = env->GetFieldID(confidenceLevelClass,
+    jclass keyRecognitionConfigClass = FindClassOrDie(env, kRecognitionConfigClassPathName);
+    gRecognitionConfigClass = MakeGlobalRefOrDie(env, keyRecognitionConfigClass);
+    gRecognitionConfigFields.captureRequested = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, keyRecognitionConfigClass,
+                                                                "captureRequested", "Z");
+    gRecognitionConfigFields.keyphrases = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, keyRecognitionConfigClass,
+           "keyphrases", "[Landroid/hardware/soundtrigger/SoundTrigger$KeyphraseRecognitionExtra;");
+    gRecognitionConfigFields.data = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, keyRecognitionConfigClass, "data", "[B");
+
+    jclass keyphraseRecognitionExtraClass = FindClassOrDie(env,
+                                                           kKeyphraseRecognitionExtraClassPathName);
+    gKeyphraseRecognitionExtraClass = MakeGlobalRefOrDie(env, keyphraseRecognitionExtraClass);
+    gKeyphraseRecognitionExtraCstor = GetMethodIDOrDie(env, keyphraseRecognitionExtraClass,
+            "<init>", "(III[Landroid/hardware/soundtrigger/SoundTrigger$ConfidenceLevel;)V");
+    gKeyphraseRecognitionExtraFields.id = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, gKeyphraseRecognitionExtraClass,
+                                                          "id", "I");
+    gKeyphraseRecognitionExtraFields.recognitionModes = GetFieldIDOrDie(env,
+            gKeyphraseRecognitionExtraClass, "recognitionModes", "I");
+    gKeyphraseRecognitionExtraFields.coarseConfidenceLevel = GetFieldIDOrDie(env,
+            gKeyphraseRecognitionExtraClass, "coarseConfidenceLevel", "I");
+    gKeyphraseRecognitionExtraFields.confidenceLevels = GetFieldIDOrDie(env,
+            gKeyphraseRecognitionExtraClass, "confidenceLevels",
+            "[Landroid/hardware/soundtrigger/SoundTrigger$ConfidenceLevel;");
+
+    jclass confidenceLevelClass = FindClassOrDie(env, kConfidenceLevelClassPathName);
+    gConfidenceLevelClass = MakeGlobalRefOrDie(env, confidenceLevelClass);
+    gConfidenceLevelCstor = GetMethodIDOrDie(env, confidenceLevelClass, "<init>", "(II)V");
+    gConfidenceLevelFields.userId = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, confidenceLevelClass, "userId", "I");
+    gConfidenceLevelFields.confidenceLevel = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, confidenceLevelClass,
                                                              "confidenceLevel", "I");
 
-    jclass audioFormatClass = env->FindClass(kAudioFormatClassPathName);
-    gAudioFormatClass = (jclass) env->NewGlobalRef(audioFormatClass);
-    gAudioFormatCstor = env->GetMethodID(audioFormatClass, "<init>", "(III)V");
-
-    jclass soundModelEventClass = env->FindClass(kSoundModelEventClassPathName);
-    gSoundModelEventClass = (jclass) env->NewGlobalRef(soundModelEventClass);
-    gSoundModelEventCstor = env->GetMethodID(soundModelEventClass, "<init>",
-                                              "(II[B)V");
-
+    jclass audioFormatClass = FindClassOrDie(env, kAudioFormatClassPathName);
+    gAudioFormatClass = MakeGlobalRefOrDie(env, audioFormatClass);
+    gAudioFormatCstor = GetMethodIDOrDie(env, audioFormatClass, "<init>", "(III)V");
 
-    int status = AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env,
-                kSoundTriggerClassPathName, gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
-
-    if (status == 0) {
-        status = AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env,
-                kModuleClassPathName, gModuleMethods, NELEM(gModuleMethods));
-    }
+    jclass soundModelEventClass = FindClassOrDie(env, kSoundModelEventClassPathName);
+    gSoundModelEventClass = MakeGlobalRefOrDie(env, soundModelEventClass);
+    gSoundModelEventCstor = GetMethodIDOrDie(env, soundModelEventClass, "<init>", "(II[B)V");
 
 
-    return status;
+    RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, kSoundTriggerClassPathName, gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, kModuleClassPathName, gModuleMethods, NELEM(gModuleMethods));
 }
diff --git a/core/jni/android_hardware_UsbDevice.cpp b/core/jni/android_hardware_UsbDevice.cpp
index 25f901b..ef3b646 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_hardware_UsbDevice.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_hardware_UsbDevice.cpp
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 
 #include "jni.h"
 #include "JNIHelp.h"
-#include "android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h"
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 
 #include <usbhost/usbhost.h>
 
@@ -54,6 +54,6 @@ static JNINativeMethod method_table[] = {
 
 int register_android_hardware_UsbDevice(JNIEnv *env)
 {
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, "android/hardware/usb/UsbDevice",
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/hardware/usb/UsbDevice",
             method_table, NELEM(method_table));
 }
diff --git a/core/jni/android_hardware_UsbDeviceConnection.cpp b/core/jni/android_hardware_UsbDeviceConnection.cpp
index 467a9a1..e0cae6f 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_hardware_UsbDeviceConnection.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_hardware_UsbDeviceConnection.cpp
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 
 #include "jni.h"
 #include "JNIHelp.h"
-#include "android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h"
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 
 #include <usbhost/usbhost.h>
 
@@ -268,17 +268,9 @@ static JNINativeMethod method_table[] = {
 
 int register_android_hardware_UsbDeviceConnection(JNIEnv *env)
 {
-    jclass clazz = env->FindClass("android/hardware/usb/UsbDeviceConnection");
-    if (clazz == NULL) {
-        ALOGE("Can't find android/hardware/usb/UsbDeviceConnection");
-        return -1;
-    }
-    field_context = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "mNativeContext", "J");
-    if (field_context == NULL) {
-        ALOGE("Can't find UsbDeviceConnection.mNativeContext");
-        return -1;
-    }
+    jclass clazz = FindClassOrDie(env, "android/hardware/usb/UsbDeviceConnection");
+    field_context = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, clazz, "mNativeContext", "J");
 
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, "android/hardware/usb/UsbDeviceConnection",
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/hardware/usb/UsbDeviceConnection",
             method_table, NELEM(method_table));
 }
diff --git a/core/jni/android_hardware_UsbRequest.cpp b/core/jni/android_hardware_UsbRequest.cpp
index a3c7b0a..ce99e15 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_hardware_UsbRequest.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_hardware_UsbRequest.cpp
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 
 #include "jni.h"
 #include "JNIHelp.h"
-#include "android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h"
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 
 #include <usbhost/usbhost.h>
 
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ int register_android_hardware_UsbRequest(JNIEnv *env)
         return -1;
     }
 
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, "android/hardware/usb/UsbRequest",
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/hardware/usb/UsbRequest",
             method_table, NELEM(method_table));
 }
 
diff --git a/core/jni/android_hardware_camera2_CameraMetadata.cpp b/core/jni/android_hardware_camera2_CameraMetadata.cpp
index 9132690..7c8769d 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_hardware_camera2_CameraMetadata.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_hardware_camera2_CameraMetadata.cpp
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@
 */
 
 // #define LOG_NDEBUG 0
-// #define LOG_NNDEBUG 0
 #define LOG_TAG "CameraMetadata-JNI"
 #include <utils/Errors.h>
 #include <utils/Log.h>
@@ -29,7 +28,7 @@
 #include "jni.h"
 #include "JNIHelp.h"
 #include "android_os_Parcel.h"
-#include "android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h"
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 #include "android_runtime/android_hardware_camera2_CameraMetadata.h"
 
 #include <binder/IServiceManager.h>
@@ -42,13 +41,7 @@
 #include <sys/types.h> // for socketpair
 #include <sys/socket.h> // for socketpair
 
-#if defined(LOG_NNDEBUG)
-#if !LOG_NNDEBUG
-#define ALOGVV ALOGV
-#endif
-#else
-#define ALOGVV(...)
-#endif
+static const bool kIsDebug = false;
 
 // fully-qualified class name
 #define CAMERA_METADATA_CLASS_NAME "android/hardware/camera2/impl/CameraMetadataNative"
@@ -596,7 +589,7 @@ static int find_fields(JNIEnv *env, field *fields, int count)
 int register_android_hardware_camera2_CameraMetadata(JNIEnv *env)
 {
     // Register native functions
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env,
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env,
             CAMERA_METADATA_CLASS_NAME,
             gCameraMetadataMethods,
             NELEM(gCameraMetadataMethods));
@@ -650,12 +643,15 @@ static jint CameraMetadata_getTagFromKey(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz, jstring keyN
 
         const char *str = (i < ANDROID_SECTION_COUNT) ? camera_metadata_section_names[i] :
                 vendorSections[i - ANDROID_SECTION_COUNT].string();
-        ALOGVV("%s: Trying to match against section '%s'",
-               __FUNCTION__, str);
+        if (kIsDebug) {
+            ALOGV("%s: Trying to match against section '%s'", __FUNCTION__, str);
+        }
         if (strstr(key, str) == key) { // key begins with the section name
             size_t strLength = strlen(str);
 
-            ALOGVV("%s: Key begins with section name", __FUNCTION__);
+            if (kIsDebug) {
+                ALOGV("%s: Key begins with section name", __FUNCTION__);
+            }
 
             // section name is the longest we've found so far
             if (section == NULL || sectionLength < strLength) {
@@ -663,7 +659,9 @@ static jint CameraMetadata_getTagFromKey(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz, jstring keyN
                 sectionIndex = i;
                 sectionLength = strLength;
 
-                ALOGVV("%s: Found new best section (%s)", __FUNCTION__, section);
+                if (kIsDebug) {
+                    ALOGV("%s: Found new best section (%s)", __FUNCTION__, section);
+                }
             }
         }
     }
diff --git a/core/jni/android_hardware_camera2_DngCreator.cpp b/core/jni/android_hardware_camera2_DngCreator.cpp
index d542419..bb8de28 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_hardware_camera2_DngCreator.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_hardware_camera2_DngCreator.cpp
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
 #include <img_utils/Input.h>
 #include <img_utils/StripSource.h>
 
-#include "android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h"
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 #include "android_runtime/android_hardware_camera2_CameraMetadata.h"
 
 #include <jni.h>
@@ -803,29 +803,20 @@ static TiffWriter* DngCreator_getCreator(JNIEnv* env, jobject thiz) {
 static void DngCreator_nativeClassInit(JNIEnv* env, jclass clazz) {
     ALOGV("%s:", __FUNCTION__);
 
-    gDngCreatorClassInfo.mNativeContext = env->GetFieldID(clazz,
-            ANDROID_DNGCREATOR_CTX_JNI_ID, "J");
-    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(gDngCreatorClassInfo.mNativeContext == NULL,
-            "can't find android/hardware/camera2/DngCreator.%s",
-            ANDROID_DNGCREATOR_CTX_JNI_ID);
-
-    jclass outputStreamClazz = env->FindClass("java/io/OutputStream");
-    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(outputStreamClazz == NULL, "Can't find java/io/OutputStream class");
-    gOutputStreamClassInfo.mWriteMethod = env->GetMethodID(outputStreamClazz, "write", "([BII)V");
-    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(gOutputStreamClassInfo.mWriteMethod == NULL, "Can't find write method");
-
-    jclass inputStreamClazz = env->FindClass("java/io/InputStream");
-    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(inputStreamClazz == NULL, "Can't find java/io/InputStream class");
-    gInputStreamClassInfo.mReadMethod = env->GetMethodID(inputStreamClazz, "read", "([BII)I");
-    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(gInputStreamClassInfo.mReadMethod == NULL, "Can't find read method");
-    gInputStreamClassInfo.mSkipMethod = env->GetMethodID(inputStreamClazz, "skip", "(J)J");
-    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(gInputStreamClassInfo.mSkipMethod == NULL, "Can't find skip method");
-
-    jclass inputBufferClazz = env->FindClass("java/nio/ByteBuffer");
-    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(inputBufferClazz == NULL, "Can't find java/nio/ByteBuffer class");
-    gInputByteBufferClassInfo.mGetMethod = env->GetMethodID(inputBufferClazz, "get",
-            "([BII)Ljava/nio/ByteBuffer;");
-    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(gInputByteBufferClassInfo.mGetMethod == NULL, "Can't find get method");
+    gDngCreatorClassInfo.mNativeContext = GetFieldIDOrDie(env,
+            clazz, ANDROID_DNGCREATOR_CTX_JNI_ID, "J");
+
+    jclass outputStreamClazz = FindClassOrDie(env, "java/io/OutputStream");
+    gOutputStreamClassInfo.mWriteMethod = GetMethodIDOrDie(env,
+            outputStreamClazz, "write", "([BII)V");
+
+    jclass inputStreamClazz = FindClassOrDie(env, "java/io/InputStream");
+    gInputStreamClassInfo.mReadMethod = GetMethodIDOrDie(env, inputStreamClazz, "read", "([BII)I");
+    gInputStreamClassInfo.mSkipMethod = GetMethodIDOrDie(env, inputStreamClazz, "skip", "(J)J");
+
+    jclass inputBufferClazz = FindClassOrDie(env, "java/nio/ByteBuffer");
+    gInputByteBufferClassInfo.mGetMethod = GetMethodIDOrDie(env,
+            inputBufferClazz, "get", "([BII)Ljava/nio/ByteBuffer;");
 }
 
 static void DngCreator_init(JNIEnv* env, jobject thiz, jobject characteristicsPtr,
@@ -1985,7 +1976,6 @@ static JNINativeMethod gDngCreatorMethods[] = {
 };
 
 int register_android_hardware_camera2_DngCreator(JNIEnv *env) {
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env,
-                   "android/hardware/camera2/DngCreator", gDngCreatorMethods,
-                   NELEM(gDngCreatorMethods));
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env,
+            "android/hardware/camera2/DngCreator", gDngCreatorMethods, NELEM(gDngCreatorMethods));
 }
diff --git a/core/jni/android_hardware_camera2_legacy_LegacyCameraDevice.cpp b/core/jni/android_hardware_camera2_legacy_LegacyCameraDevice.cpp
index 7dafb1b..f75ab17 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_hardware_camera2_legacy_LegacyCameraDevice.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_hardware_camera2_legacy_LegacyCameraDevice.cpp
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 #include "jni.h"
 #include "JNIHelp.h"
-#include "android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h"
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 #include "android_runtime/android_view_Surface.h"
 #include "android_runtime/android_graphics_SurfaceTexture.h"
 
@@ -719,7 +719,7 @@ static JNINativeMethod gCameraDeviceMethods[] = {
 int register_android_hardware_camera2_legacy_LegacyCameraDevice(JNIEnv* env)
 {
     // Register native functions
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env,
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env,
             CAMERA_DEVICE_CLASS_NAME,
             gCameraDeviceMethods,
             NELEM(gCameraDeviceMethods));
diff --git a/core/jni/android_hardware_camera2_legacy_PerfMeasurement.cpp b/core/jni/android_hardware_camera2_legacy_PerfMeasurement.cpp
index 93473a5..7257597 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_hardware_camera2_legacy_PerfMeasurement.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_hardware_camera2_legacy_PerfMeasurement.cpp
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 
 #include "jni.h"
 #include "JNIHelp.h"
-#include "android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h"
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 
 #include <ui/GraphicBuffer.h>
 #include <system/window.h>
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ static JNINativeMethod gPerfMeasurementMethods[] = {
 int register_android_hardware_camera2_legacy_PerfMeasurement(JNIEnv* env)
 {
     // Register native functions
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env,
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env,
             PERF_MEASUREMENT_CLASS_NAME,
             gPerfMeasurementMethods,
             NELEM(gPerfMeasurementMethods));
diff --git a/core/jni/android_media_AudioRecord.cpp b/core/jni/android_media_AudioRecord.cpp
index d2eb8dd..044c359 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_media_AudioRecord.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_media_AudioRecord.cpp
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 #include <inttypes.h>
 #include <jni.h>
 #include <JNIHelp.h>
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 
 #include <utils/Log.h>
 #include <media/AudioRecord.h>
@@ -605,59 +605,28 @@ int register_android_media_AudioRecord(JNIEnv *env)
 
 
     // Get the AudioRecord class
-    jclass audioRecordClass = env->FindClass(kClassPathName);
-    if (audioRecordClass == NULL) {
-        ALOGE("Can't find %s", kClassPathName);
-        return -1;
-    }
+    jclass audioRecordClass = FindClassOrDie(env, kClassPathName);
     // Get the postEvent method
-    javaAudioRecordFields.postNativeEventInJava = env->GetStaticMethodID(
-            audioRecordClass,
-            JAVA_POSTEVENT_CALLBACK_NAME, "(Ljava/lang/Object;IIILjava/lang/Object;)V");
-    if (javaAudioRecordFields.postNativeEventInJava == NULL) {
-        ALOGE("Can't find AudioRecord.%s", JAVA_POSTEVENT_CALLBACK_NAME);
-        return -1;
-    }
+    javaAudioRecordFields.postNativeEventInJava = GetStaticMethodIDOrDie(env,
+            audioRecordClass, JAVA_POSTEVENT_CALLBACK_NAME,
+            "(Ljava/lang/Object;IIILjava/lang/Object;)V");
 
     // Get the variables
     //    mNativeRecorderInJavaObj
-    javaAudioRecordFields.nativeRecorderInJavaObj =
-        env->GetFieldID(audioRecordClass,
-                        JAVA_NATIVERECORDERINJAVAOBJ_FIELD_NAME, "J");
-    if (javaAudioRecordFields.nativeRecorderInJavaObj == NULL) {
-        ALOGE("Can't find AudioRecord.%s", JAVA_NATIVERECORDERINJAVAOBJ_FIELD_NAME);
-        return -1;
-    }
+    javaAudioRecordFields.nativeRecorderInJavaObj = GetFieldIDOrDie(env,
+            audioRecordClass, JAVA_NATIVERECORDERINJAVAOBJ_FIELD_NAME, "J");
     //     mNativeCallbackCookie
-    javaAudioRecordFields.nativeCallbackCookie = env->GetFieldID(
-            audioRecordClass,
-            JAVA_NATIVECALLBACKINFO_FIELD_NAME, "J");
-    if (javaAudioRecordFields.nativeCallbackCookie == NULL) {
-        ALOGE("Can't find AudioRecord.%s", JAVA_NATIVECALLBACKINFO_FIELD_NAME);
-        return -1;
-    }
+    javaAudioRecordFields.nativeCallbackCookie = GetFieldIDOrDie(env,
+            audioRecordClass, JAVA_NATIVECALLBACKINFO_FIELD_NAME, "J");
 
     // Get the AudioAttributes class and fields
-    jclass audioAttrClass = env->FindClass(kAudioAttributesClassPathName);
-    if (audioAttrClass == NULL) {
-        ALOGE("Can't find %s", kAudioAttributesClassPathName);
-        return -1;
-    }
-    jclass audioAttributesClassRef = (jclass)env->NewGlobalRef(audioAttrClass);
-    javaAudioAttrFields.fieldRecSource = env->GetFieldID(audioAttributesClassRef, "mSource", "I");
-    javaAudioAttrFields.fieldFlags = env->GetFieldID(audioAttributesClassRef, "mFlags", "I");
-    javaAudioAttrFields.fieldFormattedTags =
-            env->GetFieldID(audioAttributesClassRef, "mFormattedTags", "Ljava/lang/String;");
-    env->DeleteGlobalRef(audioAttributesClassRef);
-    if (javaAudioAttrFields.fieldRecSource == NULL
-            || javaAudioAttrFields.fieldFlags == NULL
-            || javaAudioAttrFields.fieldFormattedTags == NULL) {
-        ALOGE("Can't initialize AudioAttributes fields");
-        return -1;
-    }
+    jclass audioAttrClass = FindClassOrDie(env, kAudioAttributesClassPathName);
+    javaAudioAttrFields.fieldRecSource = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, audioAttrClass, "mSource", "I");
+    javaAudioAttrFields.fieldFlags = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, audioAttrClass, "mFlags", "I");
+    javaAudioAttrFields.fieldFormattedTags = GetFieldIDOrDie(env,
+            audioAttrClass, "mFormattedTags", "Ljava/lang/String;");
 
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env,
-            kClassPathName, gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, kClassPathName, gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
 }
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/core/jni/android_media_AudioSystem.cpp b/core/jni/android_media_AudioSystem.cpp
index 378a700..87688ba 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_media_AudioSystem.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_media_AudioSystem.cpp
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 
 #include <jni.h>
 #include <JNIHelp.h>
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 
 #include <media/AudioSystem.h>
 
@@ -1380,99 +1380,94 @@ static JNINativeMethod gEventHandlerMethods[] = {
 
 int register_android_media_AudioSystem(JNIEnv *env)
 {
-
-    jclass arrayListClass = env->FindClass("java/util/ArrayList");
-    gArrayListClass = (jclass) env->NewGlobalRef(arrayListClass);
-    gArrayListMethods.add = env->GetMethodID(arrayListClass, "add", "(Ljava/lang/Object;)Z");
-
-    jclass audioHandleClass = env->FindClass("android/media/AudioHandle");
-    gAudioHandleClass = (jclass) env->NewGlobalRef(audioHandleClass);
-    gAudioHandleCstor = env->GetMethodID(audioHandleClass, "<init>", "(I)V");
-    gAudioHandleFields.mId = env->GetFieldID(audioHandleClass, "mId", "I");
-
-    jclass audioPortClass = env->FindClass("android/media/AudioPort");
-    gAudioPortClass = (jclass) env->NewGlobalRef(audioPortClass);
-    gAudioPortCstor = env->GetMethodID(audioPortClass, "<init>",
-                               "(Landroid/media/AudioHandle;I[I[I[I[Landroid/media/AudioGain;)V");
-    gAudioPortFields.mHandle = env->GetFieldID(audioPortClass, "mHandle",
+    jclass arrayListClass = FindClassOrDie(env, "java/util/ArrayList");
+    gArrayListClass = MakeGlobalRefOrDie(env, arrayListClass);
+    gArrayListMethods.add = GetMethodIDOrDie(env, arrayListClass, "add", "(Ljava/lang/Object;)Z");
+
+    jclass audioHandleClass = FindClassOrDie(env, "android/media/AudioHandle");
+    gAudioHandleClass = MakeGlobalRefOrDie(env, audioHandleClass);
+    gAudioHandleCstor = GetMethodIDOrDie(env, audioHandleClass, "<init>", "(I)V");
+    gAudioHandleFields.mId = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, audioHandleClass, "mId", "I");
+
+    jclass audioPortClass = FindClassOrDie(env, "android/media/AudioPort");
+    gAudioPortClass = MakeGlobalRefOrDie(env, audioPortClass);
+    gAudioPortCstor = GetMethodIDOrDie(env, audioPortClass, "<init>",
+            "(Landroid/media/AudioHandle;I[I[I[I[Landroid/media/AudioGain;)V");
+    gAudioPortFields.mHandle = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, audioPortClass, "mHandle",
                                                "Landroid/media/AudioHandle;");
-    gAudioPortFields.mRole = env->GetFieldID(audioPortClass, "mRole", "I");
-    gAudioPortFields.mGains = env->GetFieldID(audioPortClass, "mGains",
+    gAudioPortFields.mRole = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, audioPortClass, "mRole", "I");
+    gAudioPortFields.mGains = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, audioPortClass, "mGains",
                                               "[Landroid/media/AudioGain;");
-    gAudioPortFields.mActiveConfig = env->GetFieldID(audioPortClass, "mActiveConfig",
-                                              "Landroid/media/AudioPortConfig;");
-
-    jclass audioPortConfigClass = env->FindClass("android/media/AudioPortConfig");
-    gAudioPortConfigClass = (jclass) env->NewGlobalRef(audioPortConfigClass);
-    gAudioPortConfigCstor = env->GetMethodID(audioPortConfigClass, "<init>",
-                                 "(Landroid/media/AudioPort;IIILandroid/media/AudioGainConfig;)V");
-    gAudioPortConfigFields.mPort = env->GetFieldID(audioPortConfigClass, "mPort",
+    gAudioPortFields.mActiveConfig = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, audioPortClass, "mActiveConfig",
+                                                     "Landroid/media/AudioPortConfig;");
+
+    jclass audioPortConfigClass = FindClassOrDie(env, "android/media/AudioPortConfig");
+    gAudioPortConfigClass = MakeGlobalRefOrDie(env, audioPortConfigClass);
+    gAudioPortConfigCstor = GetMethodIDOrDie(env, audioPortConfigClass, "<init>",
+            "(Landroid/media/AudioPort;IIILandroid/media/AudioGainConfig;)V");
+    gAudioPortConfigFields.mPort = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, audioPortConfigClass, "mPort",
                                                    "Landroid/media/AudioPort;");
-    gAudioPortConfigFields.mSamplingRate = env->GetFieldID(audioPortConfigClass,
+    gAudioPortConfigFields.mSamplingRate = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, audioPortConfigClass,
                                                            "mSamplingRate", "I");
-    gAudioPortConfigFields.mChannelMask = env->GetFieldID(audioPortConfigClass,
+    gAudioPortConfigFields.mChannelMask = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, audioPortConfigClass,
                                                           "mChannelMask", "I");
-    gAudioPortConfigFields.mFormat = env->GetFieldID(audioPortConfigClass, "mFormat", "I");
-    gAudioPortConfigFields.mGain = env->GetFieldID(audioPortConfigClass, "mGain",
+    gAudioPortConfigFields.mFormat = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, audioPortConfigClass, "mFormat", "I");
+    gAudioPortConfigFields.mGain = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, audioPortConfigClass, "mGain",
                                                    "Landroid/media/AudioGainConfig;");
-    gAudioPortConfigFields.mConfigMask = env->GetFieldID(audioPortConfigClass, "mConfigMask", "I");
-
-    jclass audioDevicePortConfigClass = env->FindClass("android/media/AudioDevicePortConfig");
-    gAudioDevicePortConfigClass = (jclass) env->NewGlobalRef(audioDevicePortConfigClass);
-    gAudioDevicePortConfigCstor = env->GetMethodID(audioDevicePortConfigClass, "<init>",
-                         "(Landroid/media/AudioDevicePort;IIILandroid/media/AudioGainConfig;)V");
-
-    jclass audioMixPortConfigClass = env->FindClass("android/media/AudioMixPortConfig");
-    gAudioMixPortConfigClass = (jclass) env->NewGlobalRef(audioMixPortConfigClass);
-    gAudioMixPortConfigCstor = env->GetMethodID(audioMixPortConfigClass, "<init>",
-                         "(Landroid/media/AudioMixPort;IIILandroid/media/AudioGainConfig;)V");
-
-    jclass audioDevicePortClass = env->FindClass("android/media/AudioDevicePort");
-    gAudioDevicePortClass = (jclass) env->NewGlobalRef(audioDevicePortClass);
-    gAudioDevicePortCstor = env->GetMethodID(audioDevicePortClass, "<init>",
-             "(Landroid/media/AudioHandle;[I[I[I[Landroid/media/AudioGain;ILjava/lang/String;)V");
-
-    jclass audioMixPortClass = env->FindClass("android/media/AudioMixPort");
-    gAudioMixPortClass = (jclass) env->NewGlobalRef(audioMixPortClass);
-    gAudioMixPortCstor = env->GetMethodID(audioMixPortClass, "<init>",
-                              "(Landroid/media/AudioHandle;I[I[I[I[Landroid/media/AudioGain;)V");
-
-    jclass audioGainClass = env->FindClass("android/media/AudioGain");
-    gAudioGainClass = (jclass) env->NewGlobalRef(audioGainClass);
-    gAudioGainCstor = env->GetMethodID(audioGainClass, "<init>", "(IIIIIIIII)V");
-
-    jclass audioGainConfigClass = env->FindClass("android/media/AudioGainConfig");
-    gAudioGainConfigClass = (jclass) env->NewGlobalRef(audioGainConfigClass);
-    gAudioGainConfigCstor = env->GetMethodID(audioGainConfigClass, "<init>",
+    gAudioPortConfigFields.mConfigMask = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, audioPortConfigClass, "mConfigMask",
+                                                         "I");
+
+    jclass audioDevicePortConfigClass = FindClassOrDie(env, "android/media/AudioDevicePortConfig");
+    gAudioDevicePortConfigClass = MakeGlobalRefOrDie(env, audioDevicePortConfigClass);
+    gAudioDevicePortConfigCstor = GetMethodIDOrDie(env, audioDevicePortConfigClass, "<init>",
+            "(Landroid/media/AudioDevicePort;IIILandroid/media/AudioGainConfig;)V");
+
+    jclass audioMixPortConfigClass = FindClassOrDie(env, "android/media/AudioMixPortConfig");
+    gAudioMixPortConfigClass = MakeGlobalRefOrDie(env, audioMixPortConfigClass);
+    gAudioMixPortConfigCstor = GetMethodIDOrDie(env, audioMixPortConfigClass, "<init>",
+            "(Landroid/media/AudioMixPort;IIILandroid/media/AudioGainConfig;)V");
+
+    jclass audioDevicePortClass = FindClassOrDie(env, "android/media/AudioDevicePort");
+    gAudioDevicePortClass = MakeGlobalRefOrDie(env, audioDevicePortClass);
+    gAudioDevicePortCstor = GetMethodIDOrDie(env, audioDevicePortClass, "<init>",
+            "(Landroid/media/AudioHandle;[I[I[I[Landroid/media/AudioGain;ILjava/lang/String;)V");
+
+    jclass audioMixPortClass = FindClassOrDie(env, "android/media/AudioMixPort");
+    gAudioMixPortClass = MakeGlobalRefOrDie(env, audioMixPortClass);
+    gAudioMixPortCstor = GetMethodIDOrDie(env, audioMixPortClass, "<init>",
+            "(Landroid/media/AudioHandle;I[I[I[I[Landroid/media/AudioGain;)V");
+
+    jclass audioGainClass = FindClassOrDie(env, "android/media/AudioGain");
+    gAudioGainClass = MakeGlobalRefOrDie(env, audioGainClass);
+    gAudioGainCstor = GetMethodIDOrDie(env, audioGainClass, "<init>", "(IIIIIIIII)V");
+
+    jclass audioGainConfigClass = FindClassOrDie(env, "android/media/AudioGainConfig");
+    gAudioGainConfigClass = MakeGlobalRefOrDie(env, audioGainConfigClass);
+    gAudioGainConfigCstor = GetMethodIDOrDie(env, audioGainConfigClass, "<init>",
                                              "(ILandroid/media/AudioGain;II[II)V");
-    gAudioGainConfigFields.mIndex = env->GetFieldID(gAudioGainConfigClass, "mIndex", "I");
-    gAudioGainConfigFields.mMode = env->GetFieldID(audioGainConfigClass, "mMode", "I");
-    gAudioGainConfigFields.mChannelMask = env->GetFieldID(audioGainConfigClass, "mChannelMask",
+    gAudioGainConfigFields.mIndex = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, gAudioGainConfigClass, "mIndex", "I");
+    gAudioGainConfigFields.mMode = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, audioGainConfigClass, "mMode", "I");
+    gAudioGainConfigFields.mChannelMask = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, audioGainConfigClass, "mChannelMask",
                                                           "I");
-    gAudioGainConfigFields.mValues = env->GetFieldID(audioGainConfigClass, "mValues", "[I");
-    gAudioGainConfigFields.mRampDurationMs = env->GetFieldID(audioGainConfigClass,
+    gAudioGainConfigFields.mValues = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, audioGainConfigClass, "mValues", "[I");
+    gAudioGainConfigFields.mRampDurationMs = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, audioGainConfigClass,
                                                              "mRampDurationMs", "I");
 
-    jclass audioPatchClass = env->FindClass("android/media/AudioPatch");
-    gAudioPatchClass = (jclass) env->NewGlobalRef(audioPatchClass);
-    gAudioPatchCstor = env->GetMethodID(audioPatchClass, "<init>",
+    jclass audioPatchClass = FindClassOrDie(env, "android/media/AudioPatch");
+    gAudioPatchClass = MakeGlobalRefOrDie(env, audioPatchClass);
+    gAudioPatchCstor = GetMethodIDOrDie(env, audioPatchClass, "<init>",
 "(Landroid/media/AudioHandle;[Landroid/media/AudioPortConfig;[Landroid/media/AudioPortConfig;)V");
-    gAudioPatchFields.mHandle = env->GetFieldID(audioPatchClass, "mHandle",
+    gAudioPatchFields.mHandle = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, audioPatchClass, "mHandle",
                                                 "Landroid/media/AudioHandle;");
 
-    jclass eventHandlerClass = env->FindClass(kEventHandlerClassPathName);
-    gPostEventFromNative = env->GetStaticMethodID(eventHandlerClass, "postEventFromNative",
-                                            "(Ljava/lang/Object;IIILjava/lang/Object;)V");
+    jclass eventHandlerClass = FindClassOrDie(env, kEventHandlerClassPathName);
+    gPostEventFromNative = GetStaticMethodIDOrDie(env, eventHandlerClass, "postEventFromNative",
+                                                  "(Ljava/lang/Object;IIILjava/lang/Object;)V");
 
 
     AudioSystem::setErrorCallback(android_media_AudioSystem_error_callback);
 
-    int status = AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env,
-                kClassPathName, gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
-
-    if (status == 0) {
-        status = AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env,
-                kEventHandlerClassPathName, gEventHandlerMethods, NELEM(gEventHandlerMethods));
-    }
-    return status;
+    RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, kClassPathName, gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, kEventHandlerClassPathName, gEventHandlerMethods,
+                                NELEM(gEventHandlerMethods));
 }
diff --git a/core/jni/android_media_AudioTrack.cpp b/core/jni/android_media_AudioTrack.cpp
index ab38864..c6f4199 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_media_AudioTrack.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_media_AudioTrack.cpp
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 
 #include <JNIHelp.h>
 #include <JniConstants.h>
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 
 #include "ScopedBytes.h"
 
@@ -1062,68 +1062,34 @@ int register_android_media_AudioTrack(JNIEnv *env)
     javaAudioTrackFields.postNativeEventInJava = NULL;
 
     // Get the AudioTrack class
-    jclass audioTrackClass = env->FindClass(kClassPathName);
-    if (audioTrackClass == NULL) {
-        ALOGE("Can't find %s", kClassPathName);
-        return -1;
-    }
+    jclass audioTrackClass = FindClassOrDie(env, kClassPathName);
 
     // Get the postEvent method
-    javaAudioTrackFields.postNativeEventInJava = env->GetStaticMethodID(
-            audioTrackClass,
-            JAVA_POSTEVENT_CALLBACK_NAME, "(Ljava/lang/Object;IIILjava/lang/Object;)V");
-    if (javaAudioTrackFields.postNativeEventInJava == NULL) {
-        ALOGE("Can't find AudioTrack.%s", JAVA_POSTEVENT_CALLBACK_NAME);
-        return -1;
-    }
+    javaAudioTrackFields.postNativeEventInJava = GetStaticMethodIDOrDie(env,
+            audioTrackClass, JAVA_POSTEVENT_CALLBACK_NAME,
+            "(Ljava/lang/Object;IIILjava/lang/Object;)V");
 
     // Get the variables fields
     //      nativeTrackInJavaObj
-    javaAudioTrackFields.nativeTrackInJavaObj = env->GetFieldID(
-            audioTrackClass,
-            JAVA_NATIVETRACKINJAVAOBJ_FIELD_NAME, "J");
-    if (javaAudioTrackFields.nativeTrackInJavaObj == NULL) {
-        ALOGE("Can't find AudioTrack.%s", JAVA_NATIVETRACKINJAVAOBJ_FIELD_NAME);
-        return -1;
-    }
+    javaAudioTrackFields.nativeTrackInJavaObj = GetFieldIDOrDie(env,
+            audioTrackClass, JAVA_NATIVETRACKINJAVAOBJ_FIELD_NAME, "J");
     //      jniData
-    javaAudioTrackFields.jniData = env->GetFieldID(
-            audioTrackClass,
-            JAVA_JNIDATA_FIELD_NAME, "J");
-    if (javaAudioTrackFields.jniData == NULL) {
-        ALOGE("Can't find AudioTrack.%s", JAVA_JNIDATA_FIELD_NAME);
-        return -1;
-    }
+    javaAudioTrackFields.jniData = GetFieldIDOrDie(env,
+            audioTrackClass, JAVA_JNIDATA_FIELD_NAME, "J");
     //      fieldStreamType
-    javaAudioTrackFields.fieldStreamType = env->GetFieldID(audioTrackClass,
-            JAVA_STREAMTYPE_FIELD_NAME, "I");
-    if (javaAudioTrackFields.fieldStreamType == NULL) {
-        ALOGE("Can't find AudioTrack.%s", JAVA_STREAMTYPE_FIELD_NAME);
-        return -1;
-    }
+    javaAudioTrackFields.fieldStreamType = GetFieldIDOrDie(env,
+            audioTrackClass, JAVA_STREAMTYPE_FIELD_NAME, "I");
 
     // Get the AudioAttributes class and fields
-    jclass audioAttrClass = env->FindClass(kAudioAttributesClassPathName);
-    if (audioAttrClass == NULL) {
-        ALOGE("Can't find %s", kAudioAttributesClassPathName);
-        return -1;
-    }
-    jclass audioAttributesClassRef = (jclass)env->NewGlobalRef(audioAttrClass);
-    javaAudioAttrFields.fieldUsage = env->GetFieldID(audioAttributesClassRef, "mUsage", "I");
-    javaAudioAttrFields.fieldContentType
-                                   = env->GetFieldID(audioAttributesClassRef, "mContentType", "I");
-    javaAudioAttrFields.fieldFlags = env->GetFieldID(audioAttributesClassRef, "mFlags", "I");
-    javaAudioAttrFields.fieldFormattedTags =
-            env->GetFieldID(audioAttributesClassRef, "mFormattedTags", "Ljava/lang/String;");
-    env->DeleteGlobalRef(audioAttributesClassRef);
-    if (javaAudioAttrFields.fieldUsage == NULL || javaAudioAttrFields.fieldContentType == NULL
-            || javaAudioAttrFields.fieldFlags == NULL
-            || javaAudioAttrFields.fieldFormattedTags == NULL) {
-        ALOGE("Can't initialize AudioAttributes fields");
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, kClassPathName, gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
+    jclass audioAttrClass = FindClassOrDie(env, kAudioAttributesClassPathName);
+    javaAudioAttrFields.fieldUsage = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, audioAttrClass, "mUsage", "I");
+    javaAudioAttrFields.fieldContentType = GetFieldIDOrDie(env,
+            audioAttrClass, "mContentType", "I");
+    javaAudioAttrFields.fieldFlags = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, audioAttrClass, "mFlags", "I");
+    javaAudioAttrFields.fieldFormattedTags = GetFieldIDOrDie(env,
+            audioAttrClass, "mFormattedTags", "Ljava/lang/String;");
+
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, kClassPathName, gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
 }
 
 
diff --git a/core/jni/android_media_JetPlayer.cpp b/core/jni/android_media_JetPlayer.cpp
index 69f5711..d441f10 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_media_JetPlayer.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_media_JetPlayer.cpp
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 
 #include <jni.h>
 #include <JNIHelp.h>
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 
 #include <utils/Log.h>
 #include <media/JetPlayer.h>
@@ -517,36 +517,22 @@ static JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {
 
 int register_android_media_JetPlayer(JNIEnv *env)
 {
-    jclass jetPlayerClass = NULL;
     javaJetPlayerFields.jetClass = NULL;
     javaJetPlayerFields.postNativeEventInJava = NULL;
     javaJetPlayerFields.nativePlayerInJavaObj = NULL;
 
     // Get the JetPlayer java class
-    jetPlayerClass = env->FindClass(kClassPathName);
-    if (jetPlayerClass == NULL) {
-        ALOGE("Can't find %s", kClassPathName);
-        return -1;
-    }
-    javaJetPlayerFields.jetClass = (jclass)env->NewGlobalRef(jetPlayerClass);
+    jclass jetPlayerClass = FindClassOrDie(env, kClassPathName);
+    javaJetPlayerFields.jetClass = MakeGlobalRefOrDie(env, jetPlayerClass);
 
     // Get the mNativePlayerInJavaObj variable field
-    javaJetPlayerFields.nativePlayerInJavaObj = env->GetFieldID(
-            jetPlayerClass,
-            JAVA_NATIVEJETPLAYERINJAVAOBJ_FIELD_NAME, "J");
-    if (javaJetPlayerFields.nativePlayerInJavaObj == NULL) {
-        ALOGE("Can't find JetPlayer.%s", JAVA_NATIVEJETPLAYERINJAVAOBJ_FIELD_NAME);
-        return -1;
-    }
+    javaJetPlayerFields.nativePlayerInJavaObj = GetFieldIDOrDie(env,
+            jetPlayerClass, JAVA_NATIVEJETPLAYERINJAVAOBJ_FIELD_NAME, "J");
 
     // Get the callback to post events from this native code to Java
-    javaJetPlayerFields.postNativeEventInJava = env->GetStaticMethodID(javaJetPlayerFields.jetClass,
-            JAVA_NATIVEJETPOSTEVENT_CALLBACK_NAME, "(Ljava/lang/Object;III)V");
-    if (javaJetPlayerFields.postNativeEventInJava == NULL) {
-        ALOGE("Can't find Jet.%s", JAVA_NATIVEJETPOSTEVENT_CALLBACK_NAME);
-        return -1;
-    }
+    javaJetPlayerFields.postNativeEventInJava = GetStaticMethodIDOrDie(env,
+            javaJetPlayerFields.jetClass, JAVA_NATIVEJETPOSTEVENT_CALLBACK_NAME,
+            "(Ljava/lang/Object;III)V");
 
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env,
-            kClassPathName, gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, kClassPathName, gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
 }
diff --git a/core/jni/android_media_RemoteDisplay.cpp b/core/jni/android_media_RemoteDisplay.cpp
index 1cd3fbb..e2bba30 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_media_RemoteDisplay.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_media_RemoteDisplay.cpp
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 #include "android_os_Parcel.h"
 #include "android_util_Binder.h"
 
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 #include <android_runtime/android_view_Surface.h>
 #include <android_runtime/Log.h>
 
@@ -188,17 +188,15 @@ static JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {
 
 int register_android_media_RemoteDisplay(JNIEnv* env)
 {
-    int err = AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, "android/media/RemoteDisplay",
-            gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
-
-    jclass clazz = env->FindClass("android/media/RemoteDisplay");
-    gRemoteDisplayClassInfo.notifyDisplayConnected =
-            env->GetMethodID(clazz, "notifyDisplayConnected",
-                    "(Landroid/view/Surface;IIII)V");
-    gRemoteDisplayClassInfo.notifyDisplayDisconnected =
-            env->GetMethodID(clazz, "notifyDisplayDisconnected", "()V");
-    gRemoteDisplayClassInfo.notifyDisplayError =
-            env->GetMethodID(clazz, "notifyDisplayError", "(I)V");
+    int err = RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/media/RemoteDisplay", gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
+
+    jclass clazz = FindClassOrDie(env, "android/media/RemoteDisplay");
+    gRemoteDisplayClassInfo.notifyDisplayConnected = GetMethodIDOrDie(env,
+            clazz, "notifyDisplayConnected", "(Landroid/view/Surface;IIII)V");
+    gRemoteDisplayClassInfo.notifyDisplayDisconnected = GetMethodIDOrDie(env,
+            clazz, "notifyDisplayDisconnected", "()V");
+    gRemoteDisplayClassInfo.notifyDisplayError = GetMethodIDOrDie(env,
+            clazz, "notifyDisplayError", "(I)V");
     return err;
 }
 
diff --git a/core/jni/android_media_ToneGenerator.cpp b/core/jni/android_media_ToneGenerator.cpp
index ca00709..243f040 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_media_ToneGenerator.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_media_ToneGenerator.cpp
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 #include <jni.h>
 #include <JNIHelp.h>
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 
 #include <utils/Log.h>
 #include <media/AudioSystem.h>
@@ -134,21 +134,10 @@ static JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {
 
 
 int register_android_media_ToneGenerator(JNIEnv *env) {
-    jclass clazz;
+    jclass clazz = FindClassOrDie(env, "android/media/ToneGenerator");
 
-    clazz = env->FindClass("android/media/ToneGenerator");
-    if (clazz == NULL) {
-        ALOGE("Can't find %s", "android/media/ToneGenerator");
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    fields.context = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "mNativeContext", "J");
-    if (fields.context == NULL) {
-        ALOGE("Can't find ToneGenerator.mNativeContext");
-        return -1;
-    }
+    fields.context = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, clazz, "mNativeContext", "J");
     ALOGV("register_android_media_ToneGenerator ToneGenerator fields.context: %p", fields.context);
 
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env,
-            "android/media/ToneGenerator", gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/media/ToneGenerator", gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
 }
diff --git a/core/jni/android_net_TrafficStats.cpp b/core/jni/android_net_TrafficStats.cpp
index 031637f..7354417 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_net_TrafficStats.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_net_TrafficStats.cpp
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 #include <jni.h>
 #include <ScopedUtfChars.h>
 #include <utils/misc.h>
@@ -192,8 +192,7 @@ static JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {
 };
 
 int register_android_net_TrafficStats(JNIEnv* env) {
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, "android/net/TrafficStats",
-            gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/net/TrafficStats", gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
 }
 
 }
diff --git a/core/jni/android_nio_utils.h b/core/jni/android_nio_utils.h
index 5ada287..bd5f20a 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_nio_utils.h
+++ b/core/jni/android_nio_utils.h
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#ifndef android_nio_utils_DEFINED
-#define android_nio_utils_DEFINED
+#ifndef _ANDROID_NIO_UTILS_H_
+#define _ANDROID_NIO_UTILS_H_
 
 #include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
 
@@ -70,4 +70,4 @@ private:
 
 }   /* namespace android */
 
-#endif
+#endif  // _ANDROID_NIO_UTILS_H_
diff --git a/core/jni/android_os_MemoryFile.cpp b/core/jni/android_os_MemoryFile.cpp
index 27b29bc..c198a73 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_os_MemoryFile.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_os_MemoryFile.cpp
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include <utils/Log.h>
 
 #include <cutils/ashmem.h>
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 #include "JNIHelp.h"
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <sys/mman.h>
@@ -151,9 +151,7 @@ static const JNINativeMethod methods[] = {
 
 int register_android_os_MemoryFile(JNIEnv* env)
 {
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(
-        env, "android/os/MemoryFile",
-        methods, NELEM(methods));
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/os/MemoryFile", methods, NELEM(methods));
 }
 
 }
diff --git a/core/jni/android_os_SELinux.cpp b/core/jni/android_os_SELinux.cpp
index c282549..136e758 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_os_SELinux.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_os_SELinux.cpp
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 
 #include "JNIHelp.h"
 #include "jni.h"
-#include "android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h"
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 #include "selinux/selinux.h"
 #include "selinux/android.h"
 #include <errno.h>
@@ -469,8 +469,7 @@ int register_android_os_SELinux(JNIEnv *env) {
 
     isSELinuxDisabled = (is_selinux_enabled() != 1) ? true : false;
 
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, "android/os/SELinux", method_table,
-            NELEM(method_table));
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/os/SELinux", method_table, NELEM(method_table));
 }
 
 }
diff --git a/core/jni/android_os_SystemClock.cpp b/core/jni/android_os_SystemClock.cpp
index 6247844..1d45605 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_os_SystemClock.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_os_SystemClock.cpp
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 
 #include "JNIHelp.h"
 #include "jni.h"
-#include "android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h"
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 
 #include <sys/time.h>
 #include <time.h>
@@ -135,8 +135,7 @@ static JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {
 };
 int register_android_os_SystemClock(JNIEnv* env)
 {
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env,
-            "android/os/SystemClock", gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/os/SystemClock", gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
 }
 
 }; // namespace android
diff --git a/core/jni/android_os_SystemProperties.cpp b/core/jni/android_os_SystemProperties.cpp
index 677396d1..554d304 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_os_SystemProperties.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_os_SystemProperties.cpp
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 #include "utils/misc.h"
 #include <utils/Log.h>
 #include "jni.h"
-#include "android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h"
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 #include <nativehelper/JNIHelp.h>
 
 namespace android
@@ -239,9 +239,8 @@ static JNINativeMethod method_table[] = {
 
 int register_android_os_SystemProperties(JNIEnv *env)
 {
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(
-        env, "android/os/SystemProperties",
-        method_table, NELEM(method_table));
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/os/SystemProperties", method_table,
+                                NELEM(method_table));
 }
 
 };
diff --git a/core/jni/android_os_UEventObserver.cpp b/core/jni/android_os_UEventObserver.cpp
index 3f7c7d2..eb36f85 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_os_UEventObserver.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_os_UEventObserver.cpp
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 #include "hardware_legacy/uevent.h"
 #include "jni.h"
 #include "JNIHelp.h"
-#include "android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h"
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 
 #include <utils/Mutex.h>
 #include <utils/Vector.h>
@@ -117,16 +117,9 @@ static JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {
 
 int register_android_os_UEventObserver(JNIEnv *env)
 {
-    jclass clazz;
+    FindClassOrDie(env, "android/os/UEventObserver");
 
-    clazz = env->FindClass("android/os/UEventObserver");
-    if (clazz == NULL) {
-        ALOGE("Can't find android/os/UEventObserver");
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env,
-            "android/os/UEventObserver", gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/os/UEventObserver", gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
 }
 
 }   // namespace android
diff --git a/core/jni/android_server_Watchdog.cpp b/core/jni/android_server_Watchdog.cpp
index 6726c14..d1f9434 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_server_Watchdog.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_server_Watchdog.cpp
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
 
 #include "jni.h"
 #include "JNIHelp.h"
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 
 static void dumpOneStack(int tid, int outFd) {
     char buf[64];
@@ -106,8 +106,7 @@ static const JNINativeMethod g_methods[] = {
 };
 
 int register_android_server_Watchdog(JNIEnv* env) {
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, "com/android/server/Watchdog",
-                                                 g_methods, NELEM(g_methods));
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "com/android/server/Watchdog", g_methods, NELEM(g_methods));
 }
 
 }
diff --git a/core/jni/android_text_AndroidBidi.cpp b/core/jni/android_text_AndroidBidi.cpp
index 6f7ee49..3285429 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_text_AndroidBidi.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_text_AndroidBidi.cpp
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #define LOG_TAG "AndroidUnicode"
 
 #include "JNIHelp.h"
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 #include "utils/misc.h"
 #include "utils/Log.h"
 #include "unicode/ubidi.h"
@@ -57,14 +57,12 @@ static jint runBidi(JNIEnv* env, jobject obj, jint dir, jcharArray chsArray,
 }
 
 static JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {
-        { "runBidi", "(I[C[BIZ)I",
-        (void*) runBidi }
+        { "runBidi", "(I[C[BIZ)I", (void*) runBidi }
 };
 
 int register_android_text_AndroidBidi(JNIEnv* env)
 {
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, "android/text/AndroidBidi",
-            gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/text/AndroidBidi", gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
 }
 
 }
diff --git a/core/jni/android_text_AndroidCharacter.cpp b/core/jni/android_text_AndroidCharacter.cpp
index 94bd40f..9258248 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_text_AndroidCharacter.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_text_AndroidCharacter.cpp
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 
 #include "JNIHelp.h"
 #include "ScopedPrimitiveArray.h"
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 #include "utils/misc.h"
 #include "utils/Log.h"
 #include "unicode/uchar.h"
@@ -193,8 +193,7 @@ static JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {
 
 int register_android_text_AndroidCharacter(JNIEnv* env)
 {
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, "android/text/AndroidCharacter",
-            gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/text/AndroidCharacter", gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
 }
 
 }
diff --git a/core/jni/android_text_StaticLayout.cpp b/core/jni/android_text_StaticLayout.cpp
index 9e20d18..0c2ebf4 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_text_StaticLayout.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_text_StaticLayout.cpp
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 #include "utils/Log.h"
 #include "ScopedPrimitiveArray.h"
 #include "JNIHelp.h"
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 #include <vector>
 
 namespace android {
@@ -103,8 +103,7 @@ static JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {
 
 int register_android_text_StaticLayout(JNIEnv* env)
 {
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, "android/text/StaticLayout",
-            gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/text/StaticLayout", gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
 }
 
 }
diff --git a/core/jni/android_util_Binder.cpp b/core/jni/android_util_Binder.cpp
index 0752c7e..5f42c3d 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_util_Binder.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_util_Binder.cpp
@@ -46,8 +46,6 @@
 #include <ScopedUtfChars.h>
 #include <ScopedLocalRef.h>
 
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
-
 #include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 
 //#undef ALOGV
@@ -834,7 +832,7 @@ static int int_register_android_os_Binder(JNIEnv* env)
     gBinderOffsets.mExecTransact = GetMethodIDOrDie(env, clazz, "execTransact", "(IJJI)Z");
     gBinderOffsets.mObject = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, clazz, "mObject", "J");
 
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(
         env, kBinderPathName,
         gBinderMethods, NELEM(gBinderMethods));
 }
@@ -909,7 +907,7 @@ static int int_register_android_os_BinderInternal(JNIEnv* env)
     gBinderInternalOffsets.mClass = MakeGlobalRefOrDie(env, clazz);
     gBinderInternalOffsets.mForceGc = GetStaticMethodIDOrDie(env, clazz, "forceBinderGc", "()V");
 
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(
         env, kBinderInternalPathName,
         gBinderInternalMethods, NELEM(gBinderInternalMethods));
 }
@@ -1240,7 +1238,7 @@ static int int_register_android_os_BinderProxy(JNIEnv* env)
     clazz = FindClassOrDie(env, "java/lang/Class");
     gClassOffsets.mGetName = GetMethodIDOrDie(env, clazz, "getName", "()Ljava/lang/String;");
 
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(
         env, kBinderProxyPathName,
         gBinderProxyMethods, NELEM(gBinderProxyMethods));
 }
diff --git a/core/jni/android_util_EventLog.cpp b/core/jni/android_util_EventLog.cpp
index 8a0eaa2..2df13b7 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_util_EventLog.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_util_EventLog.cpp
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 #include <fcntl.h>
 
 #include "JNIHelp.h"
-#include "android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h"
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 #include "jni.h"
 #include "log/logger.h"
 
@@ -263,33 +263,21 @@ static struct { jclass *c; const char *name, *mt; jmethodID *id; } gMethods[] =
 
 int register_android_util_EventLog(JNIEnv* env) {
     for (int i = 0; i < NELEM(gClasses); ++i) {
-        jclass clazz = env->FindClass(gClasses[i].name);
-        if (clazz == NULL) {
-            ALOGE("Can't find class: %s\n", gClasses[i].name);
-            return -1;
-        }
-        *gClasses[i].clazz = (jclass) env->NewGlobalRef(clazz);
+        jclass clazz = FindClassOrDie(env, gClasses[i].name);
+        *gClasses[i].clazz = MakeGlobalRefOrDie(env, clazz);
     }
 
     for (int i = 0; i < NELEM(gFields); ++i) {
-        *gFields[i].id = env->GetFieldID(
+        *gFields[i].id = GetFieldIDOrDie(env,
                 *gFields[i].c, gFields[i].name, gFields[i].ft);
-        if (*gFields[i].id == NULL) {
-            ALOGE("Can't find field: %s\n", gFields[i].name);
-            return -1;
-        }
     }
 
     for (int i = 0; i < NELEM(gMethods); ++i) {
-        *gMethods[i].id = env->GetMethodID(
+        *gMethods[i].id = GetMethodIDOrDie(env,
                 *gMethods[i].c, gMethods[i].name, gMethods[i].mt);
-        if (*gMethods[i].id == NULL) {
-            ALOGE("Can't find method: %s\n", gMethods[i].name);
-            return -1;
-        }
     }
 
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(
             env,
             "android/util/EventLog",
             gRegisterMethods, NELEM(gRegisterMethods));
diff --git a/core/jni/android_util_FileObserver.cpp b/core/jni/android_util_FileObserver.cpp
index b906cfd..067d298 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_util_FileObserver.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_util_FileObserver.cpp
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 #include "jni.h"
 #include "utils/Log.h"
 #include "utils/misc.h"
-#include "android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h"
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
@@ -138,24 +138,12 @@ static JNINativeMethod sMethods[] = {
 
 int register_android_os_FileObserver(JNIEnv* env)
 {
-    jclass clazz;
+    jclass clazz = FindClassOrDie(env, "android/os/FileObserver$ObserverThread");
 
-    clazz = env->FindClass("android/os/FileObserver$ObserverThread");
+    method_onEvent = GetMethodIDOrDie(env, clazz, "onEvent", "(IILjava/lang/String;)V");
 
-    if (clazz == NULL)
-	{
-        ALOGE("Can't find android/os/FileObserver$ObserverThread");
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    method_onEvent = env->GetMethodID(clazz, "onEvent", "(IILjava/lang/String;)V");
-    if (method_onEvent == NULL)
-    {
-        ALOGE("Can't find FileObserver.onEvent(int, int, String)");
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, "android/os/FileObserver$ObserverThread", sMethods, NELEM(sMethods));
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/os/FileObserver$ObserverThread", sMethods,
+                                NELEM(sMethods));
 }
 
 } /* namespace android */
diff --git a/core/jni/android_util_Log.cpp b/core/jni/android_util_Log.cpp
index 93dcbef..9a80f1d 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_util_Log.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_util_Log.cpp
@@ -26,11 +26,9 @@
 #include "jni.h"
 #include "JNIHelp.h"
 #include "utils/misc.h"
-#include "android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h"
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 #include "android_util_Log.h"
 
-#define MIN(a,b) ((a<b)?a:b)
-
 namespace android {
 
 struct levels_t {
@@ -145,21 +143,16 @@ static JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {
 
 int register_android_util_Log(JNIEnv* env)
 {
-    jclass clazz = env->FindClass("android/util/Log");
-
-    if (clazz == NULL) {
-        ALOGE("Can't find android/util/Log");
-        return -1;
-    }
+    jclass clazz = FindClassOrDie(env, "android/util/Log");
 
-    levels.verbose = env->GetStaticIntField(clazz, env->GetStaticFieldID(clazz, "VERBOSE", "I"));
-    levels.debug = env->GetStaticIntField(clazz, env->GetStaticFieldID(clazz, "DEBUG", "I"));
-    levels.info = env->GetStaticIntField(clazz, env->GetStaticFieldID(clazz, "INFO", "I"));
-    levels.warn = env->GetStaticIntField(clazz, env->GetStaticFieldID(clazz, "WARN", "I"));
-    levels.error = env->GetStaticIntField(clazz, env->GetStaticFieldID(clazz, "ERROR", "I"));
-    levels.assert = env->GetStaticIntField(clazz, env->GetStaticFieldID(clazz, "ASSERT", "I"));
+    levels.verbose = env->GetStaticIntField(clazz, GetStaticFieldIDOrDie(env, clazz, "VERBOSE", "I"));
+    levels.debug = env->GetStaticIntField(clazz, GetStaticFieldIDOrDie(env, clazz, "DEBUG", "I"));
+    levels.info = env->GetStaticIntField(clazz, GetStaticFieldIDOrDie(env, clazz, "INFO", "I"));
+    levels.warn = env->GetStaticIntField(clazz, GetStaticFieldIDOrDie(env, clazz, "WARN", "I"));
+    levels.error = env->GetStaticIntField(clazz, GetStaticFieldIDOrDie(env, clazz, "ERROR", "I"));
+    levels.assert = env->GetStaticIntField(clazz, GetStaticFieldIDOrDie(env, clazz, "ASSERT", "I"));
 
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, "android/util/Log", gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/util/Log", gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
 }
 
 }; // namespace android
diff --git a/core/jni/android_util_Process.cpp b/core/jni/android_util_Process.cpp
index 1d70909..2830724 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_util_Process.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_util_Process.cpp
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
 #include <utils/Vector.h>
 #include <processgroup/processgroup.h>
 
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 
 #include "android_util_Binder.h"
 #include "JNIHelp.h"
@@ -1054,11 +1054,7 @@ static const JNINativeMethod methods[] = {
     {"removeAllProcessGroups", "()V", (void*)android_os_Process_removeAllProcessGroups},
 };
 
-const char* const kProcessPathName = "android/os/Process";
-
 int register_android_os_Process(JNIEnv* env)
 {
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(
-        env, kProcessPathName,
-        methods, NELEM(methods));
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/os/Process", methods, NELEM(methods));
 }
diff --git a/core/jni/android_util_StringBlock.cpp b/core/jni/android_util_StringBlock.cpp
index f29250f..f83eaec 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_util_StringBlock.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_util_StringBlock.cpp
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 #include "jni.h"
 #include "JNIHelp.h"
 #include <utils/misc.h>
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include <core_jni_helpers.h>
 #include <utils/Log.h>
 
 #include <androidfw/ResourceTypes.h>
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ static JNINativeMethod gStringBlockMethods[] = {
 
 int register_android_content_StringBlock(JNIEnv* env)
 {
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env,
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env,
             "android/content/res/StringBlock", gStringBlockMethods, NELEM(gStringBlockMethods));
 }
 
diff --git a/core/jni/android_util_XmlBlock.cpp b/core/jni/android_util_XmlBlock.cpp
index 57afc2b..375710e 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_util_XmlBlock.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_util_XmlBlock.cpp
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 
 #include "jni.h"
 #include "JNIHelp.h"
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include <core_jni_helpers.h>
 #include <androidfw/AssetManager.h>
 #include <androidfw/ResourceTypes.h>
 #include <utils/Log.h>
@@ -412,7 +412,7 @@ static JNINativeMethod gXmlBlockMethods[] = {
 
 int register_android_content_XmlBlock(JNIEnv* env)
 {
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env,
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env,
             "android/content/res/XmlBlock", gXmlBlockMethods, NELEM(gXmlBlockMethods));
 }
 
diff --git a/core/jni/android_view_GLES20Canvas.cpp b/core/jni/android_view_GLES20Canvas.cpp
index 95c6d33..4d60601 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_view_GLES20Canvas.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_view_GLES20Canvas.cpp
@@ -53,6 +53,10 @@ namespace android {
 
 using namespace uirenderer;
 
+static struct {
+    jmethodID set;
+} gRectClassInfo;
+
 /**
  * Note: DisplayListRenderer JNI layer is generated and compiled only on supported
  *       devices. This means all the logic must be compiled only when the
@@ -64,21 +68,7 @@ using namespace uirenderer;
 // Defines
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-// Debug
-#define DEBUG_RENDERER 0
-
-// Debug
-#if DEBUG_RENDERER
-    #define RENDERER_LOGD(...) ALOGD(__VA_ARGS__)
-#else
-    #define RENDERER_LOGD(...)
-#endif
-
-// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-static struct {
-    jmethodID set;
-} gRectClassInfo;
+static const bool kDebugRenderer = false;
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Constructors
@@ -87,7 +77,9 @@ static struct {
 static void android_view_GLES20Canvas_destroyRenderer(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz,
         jlong rendererPtr) {
     DisplayListRenderer* renderer = reinterpret_cast<DisplayListRenderer*>(rendererPtr);
-    RENDERER_LOGD("Destroy DisplayListRenderer");
+    if (kDebugRenderer) {
+        ALOGD("Destroy DisplayListRenderer");
+    }
     delete renderer;
 }
 
@@ -842,24 +834,30 @@ static void android_view_GLES20Canvas_drawLayer(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz,
 
 #endif // USE_OPENGL_RENDERER
 
+#ifdef USE_OPENGL_RENDERER
+static const bool kUseOpenGLRenderer = true;
+#else
+static const bool kUseOpenGLRenderer = false;
+#endif
+
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Common
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 static jboolean android_view_GLES20Canvas_isAvailable(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz) {
-#ifdef USE_OPENGL_RENDERER
-    char prop[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
-    if (property_get("ro.kernel.qemu", prop, NULL) == 0) {
-        // not in the emulator
-        return JNI_TRUE;
+    if (kUseOpenGLRenderer) {
+        char prop[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
+        if (property_get("ro.kernel.qemu", prop, NULL) == 0) {
+            // not in the emulator
+            return JNI_TRUE;
+        }
+        // In the emulator this property will be set to 1 when hardware GLES is
+        // enabled, 0 otherwise. On old emulator versions it will be undefined.
+        property_get("ro.kernel.qemu.gles", prop, "0");
+        return atoi(prop) == 1 ? JNI_TRUE : JNI_FALSE;
+    } else {
+        return JNI_FALSE;
     }
-    // In the emulator this property will be set to 1 when hardware GLES is
-    // enabled, 0 otherwise. On old emulator versions it will be undefined.
-    property_get("ro.kernel.qemu.gles", prop, "0");
-    return atoi(prop) == 1 ? JNI_TRUE : JNI_FALSE;
-#else
-    return JNI_FALSE;
-#endif
 }
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -868,10 +866,10 @@ static jboolean android_view_GLES20Canvas_isAvailable(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz
 
 static void
 android_app_ActivityThread_dumpGraphics(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jobject javaFileDescriptor) {
-#ifdef USE_OPENGL_RENDERER
-    int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFileDescriptor);
-    android::uirenderer::renderthread::RenderProxy::outputLogBuffer(fd);
-#endif // USE_OPENGL_RENDERER
+    if (kUseOpenGLRenderer) {
+        int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFileDescriptor);
+        android::uirenderer::renderthread::RenderProxy::outputLogBuffer(fd);
+    }
 }
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -983,18 +981,16 @@ static JNINativeMethod gActivityThreadMethods[] = {
 };
 
 int register_android_view_GLES20Canvas(JNIEnv* env) {
-#ifdef USE_OPENGL_RENDERER
-    jclass clazz = FindClassOrDie(env, "android/graphics/Rect");
-    gRectClassInfo.set = GetMethodIDOrDie(env, clazz, "set", "(IIII)V");
-#endif
+    if (kUseOpenGLRenderer) {
+        jclass clazz = FindClassOrDie(env, "android/graphics/Rect");
+        gRectClassInfo.set = GetMethodIDOrDie(env, clazz, "set", "(IIII)V");
+    }
 
     return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, kClassPathName, gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
 }
 
-const char* const kActivityThreadPathName = "android/app/ActivityThread";
-
 int register_android_app_ActivityThread(JNIEnv* env) {
-    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, kActivityThreadPathName,
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/app/ActivityThread",
             gActivityThreadMethods, NELEM(gActivityThreadMethods));
 }
 
diff --git a/core/jni/android_view_GraphicBuffer.cpp b/core/jni/android_view_GraphicBuffer.cpp
index 7f1af49..a12629f 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_view_GraphicBuffer.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_view_GraphicBuffer.cpp
@@ -47,16 +47,7 @@ namespace android {
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 // Debug
-#define DEBUG_GRAPHIC_BUFFER 0
-
-// Debug
-#if DEBUG_GRAPHIC_BUFFER
-    #define GB_LOGD(...) ALOGD(__VA_ARGS__)
-    #define GB_LOGW(...) ALOGW(__VA_ARGS__)
-#else
-    #define GB_LOGD(...)
-    #define GB_LOGW(...)
-#endif
+static const bool kDebugGraphicBuffer = false;
 
 #define LOCK_CANVAS_USAGE GraphicBuffer::USAGE_SW_READ_OFTEN | GraphicBuffer::USAGE_SW_WRITE_OFTEN
 
@@ -118,14 +109,18 @@ static jlong android_view_GraphiceBuffer_create(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz,
     sp<ISurfaceComposer> composer(ComposerService::getComposerService());
     sp<IGraphicBufferAlloc> alloc(composer->createGraphicBufferAlloc());
     if (alloc == NULL) {
-        GB_LOGW("createGraphicBufferAlloc() failed in GraphicBuffer.create()");
+        if (kDebugGraphicBuffer) {
+            ALOGW("createGraphicBufferAlloc() failed in GraphicBuffer.create()");
+        }
         return NULL;
     }
 
     status_t error;
     sp<GraphicBuffer> buffer(alloc->createGraphicBuffer(width, height, format, usage, &error));
     if (buffer == NULL) {
-        GB_LOGW("createGraphicBuffer() failed in GraphicBuffer.create()");
+        if (kDebugGraphicBuffer) {
+            ALOGW("createGraphicBuffer() failed in GraphicBuffer.create()");
+        }
         return NULL;
     }
 
diff --git a/core/jni/android_view_HardwareLayer.cpp b/core/jni/android_view_HardwareLayer.cpp
index 1ffff03..cefb3da 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_view_HardwareLayer.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_view_HardwareLayer.cpp
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 #include "GraphicsJNI.h"
 #include <nativehelper/JNIHelp.h>
 
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 #include <android_runtime/android_graphics_SurfaceTexture.h>
 
 #include <gui/GLConsumer.h>
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ static JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {
 };
 
 int register_android_view_HardwareLayer(JNIEnv* env) {
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, kClassPathName, gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, kClassPathName, gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
 }
 
 };
diff --git a/core/jni/android_view_InputEventReceiver.cpp b/core/jni/android_view_InputEventReceiver.cpp
index 76d626c..37f5062 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_view_InputEventReceiver.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_view_InputEventReceiver.cpp
@@ -18,10 +18,6 @@
 
 //#define LOG_NDEBUG 0
 
-// Log debug messages about the dispatch cycle.
-#define DEBUG_DISPATCH_CYCLE 0
-
-
 #include "JNIHelp.h"
 
 #include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
@@ -41,6 +37,8 @@
 
 namespace android {
 
+static const bool kDebugDispatchCycle = false;
+
 static struct {
     jclass clazz;
 
@@ -94,9 +92,9 @@ NativeInputEventReceiver::NativeInputEventReceiver(JNIEnv* env,
         mReceiverWeakGlobal(env->NewGlobalRef(receiverWeak)),
         mInputConsumer(inputChannel), mMessageQueue(messageQueue),
         mBatchedInputEventPending(false), mFdEvents(0) {
-#if DEBUG_DISPATCH_CYCLE
-    ALOGD("channel '%s' ~ Initializing input event receiver.", getInputChannelName());
-#endif
+    if (kDebugDispatchCycle) {
+        ALOGD("channel '%s' ~ Initializing input event receiver.", getInputChannelName());
+    }
 }
 
 NativeInputEventReceiver::~NativeInputEventReceiver() {
@@ -110,25 +108,25 @@ status_t NativeInputEventReceiver::initialize() {
 }
 
 void NativeInputEventReceiver::dispose() {
-#if DEBUG_DISPATCH_CYCLE
-    ALOGD("channel '%s' ~ Disposing input event receiver.", getInputChannelName());
-#endif
+    if (kDebugDispatchCycle) {
+        ALOGD("channel '%s' ~ Disposing input event receiver.", getInputChannelName());
+    }
 
     setFdEvents(0);
 }
 
 status_t NativeInputEventReceiver::finishInputEvent(uint32_t seq, bool handled) {
-#if DEBUG_DISPATCH_CYCLE
-    ALOGD("channel '%s' ~ Finished input event.", getInputChannelName());
-#endif
+    if (kDebugDispatchCycle) {
+        ALOGD("channel '%s' ~ Finished input event.", getInputChannelName());
+    }
 
     status_t status = mInputConsumer.sendFinishedSignal(seq, handled);
     if (status) {
         if (status == WOULD_BLOCK) {
-#if DEBUG_DISPATCH_CYCLE
-            ALOGD("channel '%s' ~ Could not send finished signal immediately.  "
-                    "Enqueued for later.", getInputChannelName());
-#endif
+            if (kDebugDispatchCycle) {
+                ALOGD("channel '%s' ~ Could not send finished signal immediately.  "
+                        "Enqueued for later.", getInputChannelName());
+            }
             Finish finish;
             finish.seq = seq;
             finish.handled = handled;
@@ -158,13 +156,13 @@ void NativeInputEventReceiver::setFdEvents(int events) {
 
 int NativeInputEventReceiver::handleEvent(int receiveFd, int events, void* data) {
     if (events & (ALOOPER_EVENT_ERROR | ALOOPER_EVENT_HANGUP)) {
-#if DEBUG_DISPATCH_CYCLE
         // This error typically occurs when the publisher has closed the input channel
         // as part of removing a window or finishing an IME session, in which case
         // the consumer will soon be disposed as well.
-        ALOGD("channel '%s' ~ Publisher closed input channel or an error occurred.  "
-                "events=0x%x", getInputChannelName(), events);
-#endif
+        if (kDebugDispatchCycle) {
+            ALOGD("channel '%s' ~ Publisher closed input channel or an error occurred.  "
+                    "events=0x%x", getInputChannelName(), events);
+        }
         return 0; // remove the callback
     }
 
@@ -183,10 +181,10 @@ int NativeInputEventReceiver::handleEvent(int receiveFd, int events, void* data)
                 mFinishQueue.removeItemsAt(0, i);
 
                 if (status == WOULD_BLOCK) {
-#if DEBUG_DISPATCH_CYCLE
-                    ALOGD("channel '%s' ~ Sent %u queued finish events; %u left.",
-                            getInputChannelName(), i, mFinishQueue.size());
-#endif
+                    if (kDebugDispatchCycle) {
+                        ALOGD("channel '%s' ~ Sent %u queued finish events; %u left.",
+                                getInputChannelName(), i, mFinishQueue.size());
+                    }
                     return 1; // keep the callback, try again later
                 }
 
@@ -202,10 +200,10 @@ int NativeInputEventReceiver::handleEvent(int receiveFd, int events, void* data)
                 return 0; // remove the callback
             }
         }
-#if DEBUG_DISPATCH_CYCLE
-        ALOGD("channel '%s' ~ Sent %u queued finish events; none left.",
-                getInputChannelName(), mFinishQueue.size());
-#endif
+        if (kDebugDispatchCycle) {
+            ALOGD("channel '%s' ~ Sent %u queued finish events; none left.",
+                    getInputChannelName(), mFinishQueue.size());
+        }
         mFinishQueue.clear();
         setFdEvents(ALOOPER_EVENT_INPUT);
         return 1;
@@ -218,10 +216,10 @@ int NativeInputEventReceiver::handleEvent(int receiveFd, int events, void* data)
 
 status_t NativeInputEventReceiver::consumeEvents(JNIEnv* env,
         bool consumeBatches, nsecs_t frameTime, bool* outConsumedBatch) {
-#if DEBUG_DISPATCH_CYCLE
-    ALOGD("channel '%s' ~ Consuming input events, consumeBatches=%s, frameTime=%lld.",
-            getInputChannelName(), consumeBatches ? "true" : "false", frameTime);
-#endif
+    if (kDebugDispatchCycle) {
+        ALOGD("channel '%s' ~ Consuming input events, consumeBatches=%s, frameTime=%lld.",
+                getInputChannelName(), consumeBatches ? "true" : "false", frameTime);
+    }
 
     if (consumeBatches) {
         mBatchedInputEventPending = false;
@@ -252,10 +250,10 @@ status_t NativeInputEventReceiver::consumeEvents(JNIEnv* env,
                     }
 
                     mBatchedInputEventPending = true;
-#if DEBUG_DISPATCH_CYCLE
-                    ALOGD("channel '%s' ~ Dispatching batched input event pending notification.",
-                            getInputChannelName());
-#endif
+                    if (kDebugDispatchCycle) {
+                        ALOGD("channel '%s' ~ Dispatching batched input event pending notification.",
+                                getInputChannelName());
+                    }
                     env->CallVoidMethod(receiverObj.get(),
                             gInputEventReceiverClassInfo.dispatchBatchedInputEventPending);
                     if (env->ExceptionCheck()) {
@@ -284,17 +282,17 @@ status_t NativeInputEventReceiver::consumeEvents(JNIEnv* env,
             jobject inputEventObj;
             switch (inputEvent->getType()) {
             case AINPUT_EVENT_TYPE_KEY:
-#if DEBUG_DISPATCH_CYCLE
-                ALOGD("channel '%s' ~ Received key event.", getInputChannelName());
-#endif
+                if (kDebugDispatchCycle) {
+                    ALOGD("channel '%s' ~ Received key event.", getInputChannelName());
+                }
                 inputEventObj = android_view_KeyEvent_fromNative(env,
                         static_cast<KeyEvent*>(inputEvent));
                 break;
 
             case AINPUT_EVENT_TYPE_MOTION: {
-#if DEBUG_DISPATCH_CYCLE
-                ALOGD("channel '%s' ~ Received motion event.", getInputChannelName());
-#endif
+                if (kDebugDispatchCycle) {
+                    ALOGD("channel '%s' ~ Received motion event.", getInputChannelName());
+                }
                 MotionEvent* motionEvent = static_cast<MotionEvent*>(inputEvent);
                 if ((motionEvent->getAction() & AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE) && outConsumedBatch) {
                     *outConsumedBatch = true;
@@ -309,9 +307,9 @@ status_t NativeInputEventReceiver::consumeEvents(JNIEnv* env,
             }
 
             if (inputEventObj) {
-#if DEBUG_DISPATCH_CYCLE
-                ALOGD("channel '%s' ~ Dispatching input event.", getInputChannelName());
-#endif
+                if (kDebugDispatchCycle) {
+                    ALOGD("channel '%s' ~ Dispatching input event.", getInputChannelName());
+                }
                 env->CallVoidMethod(receiverObj.get(),
                         gInputEventReceiverClassInfo.dispatchInputEvent, seq, inputEventObj);
                 if (env->ExceptionCheck()) {
diff --git a/core/jni/android_view_InputEventSender.cpp b/core/jni/android_view_InputEventSender.cpp
index de65d0d..e7388cf 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_view_InputEventSender.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_view_InputEventSender.cpp
@@ -18,10 +18,6 @@
 
 //#define LOG_NDEBUG 0
 
-// Log debug messages about the dispatch cycle.
-#define DEBUG_DISPATCH_CYCLE 0
-
-
 #include "JNIHelp.h"
 
 #include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
@@ -41,6 +37,9 @@
 
 namespace android {
 
+// Log debug messages about the dispatch cycle.
+static const bool kDebugDispatchCycle = false;
+
 static struct {
     jclass clazz;
 
@@ -84,9 +83,9 @@ NativeInputEventSender::NativeInputEventSender(JNIEnv* env,
         mSenderWeakGlobal(env->NewGlobalRef(senderWeak)),
         mInputPublisher(inputChannel), mMessageQueue(messageQueue),
         mNextPublishedSeq(1) {
-#if DEBUG_DISPATCH_CYCLE
-    ALOGD("channel '%s' ~ Initializing input event sender.", getInputChannelName());
-#endif
+    if (kDebugDispatchCycle) {
+        ALOGD("channel '%s' ~ Initializing input event sender.", getInputChannelName());
+    }
 }
 
 NativeInputEventSender::~NativeInputEventSender() {
@@ -101,17 +100,17 @@ status_t NativeInputEventSender::initialize() {
 }
 
 void NativeInputEventSender::dispose() {
-#if DEBUG_DISPATCH_CYCLE
-    ALOGD("channel '%s' ~ Disposing input event sender.", getInputChannelName());
-#endif
+    if (kDebugDispatchCycle) {
+        ALOGD("channel '%s' ~ Disposing input event sender.", getInputChannelName());
+    }
 
     mMessageQueue->getLooper()->removeFd(mInputPublisher.getChannel()->getFd());
 }
 
 status_t NativeInputEventSender::sendKeyEvent(uint32_t seq, const KeyEvent* event) {
-#if DEBUG_DISPATCH_CYCLE
-    ALOGD("channel '%s' ~ Sending key event, seq=%u.", getInputChannelName(), seq);
-#endif
+    if (kDebugDispatchCycle) {
+        ALOGD("channel '%s' ~ Sending key event, seq=%u.", getInputChannelName(), seq);
+    }
 
     uint32_t publishedSeq = mNextPublishedSeq++;
     status_t status = mInputPublisher.publishKeyEvent(publishedSeq,
@@ -128,9 +127,9 @@ status_t NativeInputEventSender::sendKeyEvent(uint32_t seq, const KeyEvent* even
 }
 
 status_t NativeInputEventSender::sendMotionEvent(uint32_t seq, const MotionEvent* event) {
-#if DEBUG_DISPATCH_CYCLE
-    ALOGD("channel '%s' ~ Sending motion event, seq=%u.", getInputChannelName(), seq);
-#endif
+    if (kDebugDispatchCycle) {
+        ALOGD("channel '%s' ~ Sending motion event, seq=%u.", getInputChannelName(), seq);
+    }
 
     uint32_t publishedSeq;
     for (size_t i = 0; i <= event->getHistorySize(); i++) {
@@ -155,13 +154,14 @@ status_t NativeInputEventSender::sendMotionEvent(uint32_t seq, const MotionEvent
 
 int NativeInputEventSender::handleEvent(int receiveFd, int events, void* data) {
     if (events & (ALOOPER_EVENT_ERROR | ALOOPER_EVENT_HANGUP)) {
-#if DEBUG_DISPATCH_CYCLE
         // This error typically occurs when the consumer has closed the input channel
         // as part of finishing an IME session, in which case the publisher will
         // soon be disposed as well.
-        ALOGD("channel '%s' ~ Consumer closed input channel or an error occurred.  "
-                "events=0x%x", getInputChannelName(), events);
-#endif
+        if (kDebugDispatchCycle) {
+            ALOGD("channel '%s' ~ Consumer closed input channel or an error occurred.  "
+                    "events=0x%x", getInputChannelName(), events);
+        }
+
         return 0; // remove the callback
     }
 
@@ -178,9 +178,9 @@ int NativeInputEventSender::handleEvent(int receiveFd, int events, void* data) {
 }
 
 status_t NativeInputEventSender::receiveFinishedSignals(JNIEnv* env) {
-#if DEBUG_DISPATCH_CYCLE
-    ALOGD("channel '%s' ~ Receiving finished signals.", getInputChannelName());
-#endif
+    if (kDebugDispatchCycle) {
+        ALOGD("channel '%s' ~ Receiving finished signals.", getInputChannelName());
+    }
 
     ScopedLocalRef<jobject> senderObj(env, NULL);
     bool skipCallbacks = false;
@@ -202,12 +202,12 @@ status_t NativeInputEventSender::receiveFinishedSignals(JNIEnv* env) {
             uint32_t seq = mPublishedSeqMap.valueAt(index);
             mPublishedSeqMap.removeItemsAt(index);
 
-#if DEBUG_DISPATCH_CYCLE
-            ALOGD("channel '%s' ~ Received finished signal, seq=%u, handled=%s, "
-                    "pendingEvents=%u.",
-                    getInputChannelName(), seq, handled ? "true" : "false",
-                    mPublishedSeqMap.size());
-#endif
+            if (kDebugDispatchCycle) {
+                ALOGD("channel '%s' ~ Received finished signal, seq=%u, handled=%s, "
+                        "pendingEvents=%u.",
+                        getInputChannelName(), seq, handled ? "true" : "false",
+                        mPublishedSeqMap.size());
+            }
 
             if (!skipCallbacks) {
                 if (!senderObj.get()) {
diff --git a/core/jni/android_view_Surface.cpp b/core/jni/android_view_Surface.cpp
index b3a9b05..7f6c50f 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_view_Surface.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_view_Surface.cpp
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 #include "android_os_Parcel.h"
 #include "android/graphics/GraphicsJNI.h"
 
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 #include <android_runtime/android_view_Surface.h>
 #include <android_runtime/android_graphics_SurfaceTexture.h>
 #include <android_runtime/Log.h>
@@ -454,26 +454,26 @@ static JNINativeMethod gSurfaceMethods[] = {
 
 int register_android_view_Surface(JNIEnv* env)
 {
-    int err = AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, "android/view/Surface",
+    int err = RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/view/Surface",
             gSurfaceMethods, NELEM(gSurfaceMethods));
 
-    jclass clazz = env->FindClass("android/view/Surface");
-    gSurfaceClassInfo.clazz = jclass(env->NewGlobalRef(clazz));
-    gSurfaceClassInfo.mNativeObject =
-            env->GetFieldID(gSurfaceClassInfo.clazz, "mNativeObject", "J");
-    gSurfaceClassInfo.mLock =
-            env->GetFieldID(gSurfaceClassInfo.clazz, "mLock", "Ljava/lang/Object;");
-    gSurfaceClassInfo.ctor = env->GetMethodID(gSurfaceClassInfo.clazz, "<init>", "(J)V");
-
-    clazz = env->FindClass("android/graphics/Canvas");
-    gCanvasClassInfo.mSurfaceFormat = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "mSurfaceFormat", "I");
-    gCanvasClassInfo.setNativeBitmap = env->GetMethodID(clazz, "setNativeBitmap", "(J)V");
-
-    clazz = env->FindClass("android/graphics/Rect");
-    gRectClassInfo.left = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "left", "I");
-    gRectClassInfo.top = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "top", "I");
-    gRectClassInfo.right = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "right", "I");
-    gRectClassInfo.bottom = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "bottom", "I");
+    jclass clazz = FindClassOrDie(env, "android/view/Surface");
+    gSurfaceClassInfo.clazz = MakeGlobalRefOrDie(env, clazz);
+    gSurfaceClassInfo.mNativeObject = GetFieldIDOrDie(env,
+            gSurfaceClassInfo.clazz, "mNativeObject", "J");
+    gSurfaceClassInfo.mLock = GetFieldIDOrDie(env,
+            gSurfaceClassInfo.clazz, "mLock", "Ljava/lang/Object;");
+    gSurfaceClassInfo.ctor = GetMethodIDOrDie(env, gSurfaceClassInfo.clazz, "<init>", "(J)V");
+
+    clazz = FindClassOrDie(env, "android/graphics/Canvas");
+    gCanvasClassInfo.mSurfaceFormat = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, clazz, "mSurfaceFormat", "I");
+    gCanvasClassInfo.setNativeBitmap = GetMethodIDOrDie(env, clazz, "setNativeBitmap", "(J)V");
+
+    clazz = FindClassOrDie(env, "android/graphics/Rect");
+    gRectClassInfo.left = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, clazz, "left", "I");
+    gRectClassInfo.top = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, clazz, "top", "I");
+    gRectClassInfo.right = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, clazz, "right", "I");
+    gRectClassInfo.bottom = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, clazz, "bottom", "I");
 
     return err;
 }
diff --git a/core/jni/android_view_SurfaceControl.cpp b/core/jni/android_view_SurfaceControl.cpp
index adfcdb0..13c373f 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_view_SurfaceControl.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_view_SurfaceControl.cpp
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
 #include "android/graphics/GraphicsJNI.h"
 #include "android/graphics/Region.h"
 
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 #include <android_runtime/android_view_Surface.h>
 #include <android_runtime/android_view_SurfaceSession.h>
 
@@ -647,41 +647,44 @@ static JNINativeMethod sSurfaceControlMethods[] = {
 
 int register_android_view_SurfaceControl(JNIEnv* env)
 {
-    int err = AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, "android/view/SurfaceControl",
+    int err = RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "android/view/SurfaceControl",
             sSurfaceControlMethods, NELEM(sSurfaceControlMethods));
 
-    jclass clazz = env->FindClass("android/view/SurfaceControl$PhysicalDisplayInfo");
-    gPhysicalDisplayInfoClassInfo.clazz = static_cast<jclass>(env->NewGlobalRef(clazz));
-    gPhysicalDisplayInfoClassInfo.ctor = env->GetMethodID(gPhysicalDisplayInfoClassInfo.clazz,
-            "<init>", "()V");
-    gPhysicalDisplayInfoClassInfo.width = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "width", "I");
-    gPhysicalDisplayInfoClassInfo.height = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "height", "I");
-    gPhysicalDisplayInfoClassInfo.refreshRate = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "refreshRate", "F");
-    gPhysicalDisplayInfoClassInfo.density = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "density", "F");
-    gPhysicalDisplayInfoClassInfo.xDpi = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "xDpi", "F");
-    gPhysicalDisplayInfoClassInfo.yDpi = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "yDpi", "F");
-    gPhysicalDisplayInfoClassInfo.secure = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "secure", "Z");
-    gPhysicalDisplayInfoClassInfo.appVsyncOffsetNanos = env->GetFieldID(clazz,
-            "appVsyncOffsetNanos", "J");
-    gPhysicalDisplayInfoClassInfo.presentationDeadlineNanos = env->GetFieldID(clazz,
-            "presentationDeadlineNanos", "J");
-
-    jclass rectClazz = env->FindClass("android/graphics/Rect");
-    gRectClassInfo.bottom = env->GetFieldID(rectClazz, "bottom", "I");
-    gRectClassInfo.left = env->GetFieldID(rectClazz, "left", "I");
-    gRectClassInfo.right = env->GetFieldID(rectClazz, "right", "I");
-    gRectClassInfo.top = env->GetFieldID(rectClazz, "top", "I");
-
-    jclass frameStatsClazz = env->FindClass("android/view/FrameStats");
-    jfieldID undefined_time_nano_field =  env->GetStaticFieldID(frameStatsClazz, "UNDEFINED_TIME_NANO", "J");
+    jclass clazz = FindClassOrDie(env, "android/view/SurfaceControl$PhysicalDisplayInfo");
+    gPhysicalDisplayInfoClassInfo.clazz = MakeGlobalRefOrDie(env, clazz);
+    gPhysicalDisplayInfoClassInfo.ctor = GetMethodIDOrDie(env,
+            gPhysicalDisplayInfoClassInfo.clazz, "<init>", "()V");
+    gPhysicalDisplayInfoClassInfo.width =       GetFieldIDOrDie(env, clazz, "width", "I");
+    gPhysicalDisplayInfoClassInfo.height =      GetFieldIDOrDie(env, clazz, "height", "I");
+    gPhysicalDisplayInfoClassInfo.refreshRate = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, clazz, "refreshRate", "F");
+    gPhysicalDisplayInfoClassInfo.density =     GetFieldIDOrDie(env, clazz, "density", "F");
+    gPhysicalDisplayInfoClassInfo.xDpi =        GetFieldIDOrDie(env, clazz, "xDpi", "F");
+    gPhysicalDisplayInfoClassInfo.yDpi =        GetFieldIDOrDie(env, clazz, "yDpi", "F");
+    gPhysicalDisplayInfoClassInfo.secure =      GetFieldIDOrDie(env, clazz, "secure", "Z");
+    gPhysicalDisplayInfoClassInfo.appVsyncOffsetNanos = GetFieldIDOrDie(env,
+            clazz, "appVsyncOffsetNanos", "J");
+    gPhysicalDisplayInfoClassInfo.presentationDeadlineNanos = GetFieldIDOrDie(env,
+            clazz, "presentationDeadlineNanos", "J");
+
+    jclass rectClazz = FindClassOrDie(env, "android/graphics/Rect");
+    gRectClassInfo.bottom = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, rectClazz, "bottom", "I");
+    gRectClassInfo.left =   GetFieldIDOrDie(env, rectClazz, "left", "I");
+    gRectClassInfo.right =  GetFieldIDOrDie(env, rectClazz, "right", "I");
+    gRectClassInfo.top =    GetFieldIDOrDie(env, rectClazz, "top", "I");
+
+    jclass frameStatsClazz = FindClassOrDie(env, "android/view/FrameStats");
+    jfieldID undefined_time_nano_field = GetStaticFieldIDOrDie(env,
+            frameStatsClazz, "UNDEFINED_TIME_NANO", "J");
     nsecs_t undefined_time_nano = env->GetStaticLongField(frameStatsClazz, undefined_time_nano_field);
 
-    jclass contFrameStatsClazz = env->FindClass("android/view/WindowContentFrameStats");
-    gWindowContentFrameStatsClassInfo.init =  env->GetMethodID(contFrameStatsClazz, "init", "(J[J[J[J)V");
+    jclass contFrameStatsClazz = FindClassOrDie(env, "android/view/WindowContentFrameStats");
+    gWindowContentFrameStatsClassInfo.init = GetMethodIDOrDie(env,
+            contFrameStatsClazz, "init", "(J[J[J[J)V");
     gWindowContentFrameStatsClassInfo.UNDEFINED_TIME_NANO = undefined_time_nano;
 
-    jclass animFrameStatsClazz = env->FindClass("android/view/WindowAnimationFrameStats");
-    gWindowAnimationFrameStatsClassInfo.init =  env->GetMethodID(animFrameStatsClazz, "init", "(J[J)V");
+    jclass animFrameStatsClazz = FindClassOrDie(env, "android/view/WindowAnimationFrameStats");
+    gWindowAnimationFrameStatsClassInfo.init =  GetMethodIDOrDie(env,
+            animFrameStatsClazz, "init", "(J[J)V");
     gWindowAnimationFrameStatsClassInfo.UNDEFINED_TIME_NANO = undefined_time_nano;
 
     return err;
diff --git a/core/jni/android_view_ThreadedRenderer.cpp b/core/jni/android_view_ThreadedRenderer.cpp
index 6219956..499ff16 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_view_ThreadedRenderer.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_view_ThreadedRenderer.cpp
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 
 #include "jni.h"
 #include <nativehelper/JNIHelp.h>
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 
 #include <EGL/egl.h>
 #include <EGL/eglext.h>
@@ -454,7 +454,7 @@ static JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {
 };
 
 int register_android_view_ThreadedRenderer(JNIEnv* env) {
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, kClassPathName, gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, kClassPathName, gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
 }
 
 }; // namespace android
diff --git a/core/jni/com_android_internal_content_NativeLibraryHelper.cpp b/core/jni/com_android_internal_content_NativeLibraryHelper.cpp
index 545cb3e..3c1993e 100644
--- a/core/jni/com_android_internal_content_NativeLibraryHelper.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/com_android_internal_content_NativeLibraryHelper.cpp
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 #define LOG_TAG "NativeLibraryHelper"
 //#define LOG_NDEBUG 0
 
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 
 #include <ScopedUtfChars.h>
 #include <UniquePtr.h>
@@ -563,8 +563,8 @@ static JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {
 
 int register_com_android_internal_content_NativeLibraryHelper(JNIEnv *env)
 {
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env,
-                "com/android/internal/content/NativeLibraryHelper", gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env,
+            "com/android/internal/content/NativeLibraryHelper", gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
 }
 
 };
diff --git a/core/jni/com_android_internal_net_NetworkStatsFactory.cpp b/core/jni/com_android_internal_net_NetworkStatsFactory.cpp
index 1fbe016..6c0b756 100644
--- a/core/jni/com_android_internal_net_NetworkStatsFactory.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/com_android_internal_net_NetworkStatsFactory.cpp
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include <core_jni_helpers.h>
 #include <jni.h>
 
 #include <ScopedUtfChars.h>
@@ -284,16 +284,6 @@ static int readNetworkStatsDetail(JNIEnv* env, jclass clazz, jobject stats,
     return 0;
 }
 
-static jclass findClass(JNIEnv* env, const char* name) {
-    ScopedLocalRef<jclass> localClass(env, env->FindClass(name));
-    jclass result = reinterpret_cast<jclass>(env->NewGlobalRef(localClass.get()));
-    if (result == NULL) {
-        ALOGE("failed to find class '%s'", name);
-        abort();
-    }
-    return result;
-}
-
 static JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {
         { "nativeReadNetworkStatsDetail",
                 "(Landroid/net/NetworkStats;Ljava/lang/String;I[Ljava/lang/String;I)I",
@@ -301,24 +291,25 @@ static JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {
 };
 
 int register_com_android_internal_net_NetworkStatsFactory(JNIEnv* env) {
-    int err = AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env,
+    int err = RegisterMethodsOrDie(env,
             "com/android/internal/net/NetworkStatsFactory", gMethods,
             NELEM(gMethods));
 
-    gStringClass = findClass(env, "java/lang/String");
-
-    jclass clazz = env->FindClass("android/net/NetworkStats");
-    gNetworkStatsClassInfo.size = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "size", "I");
-    gNetworkStatsClassInfo.capacity = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "capacity", "I");
-    gNetworkStatsClassInfo.iface = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "iface", "[Ljava/lang/String;");
-    gNetworkStatsClassInfo.uid = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "uid", "[I");
-    gNetworkStatsClassInfo.set = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "set", "[I");
-    gNetworkStatsClassInfo.tag = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "tag", "[I");
-    gNetworkStatsClassInfo.rxBytes = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "rxBytes", "[J");
-    gNetworkStatsClassInfo.rxPackets = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "rxPackets", "[J");
-    gNetworkStatsClassInfo.txBytes = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "txBytes", "[J");
-    gNetworkStatsClassInfo.txPackets = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "txPackets", "[J");
-    gNetworkStatsClassInfo.operations = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "operations", "[J");
+    gStringClass = FindClassOrDie(env, "java/lang/String");
+    gStringClass = MakeGlobalRefOrDie(env, gStringClass);
+
+    jclass clazz = FindClassOrDie(env, "android/net/NetworkStats");
+    gNetworkStatsClassInfo.size = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, clazz, "size", "I");
+    gNetworkStatsClassInfo.capacity = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, clazz, "capacity", "I");
+    gNetworkStatsClassInfo.iface = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, clazz, "iface", "[Ljava/lang/String;");
+    gNetworkStatsClassInfo.uid = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, clazz, "uid", "[I");
+    gNetworkStatsClassInfo.set = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, clazz, "set", "[I");
+    gNetworkStatsClassInfo.tag = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, clazz, "tag", "[I");
+    gNetworkStatsClassInfo.rxBytes = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, clazz, "rxBytes", "[J");
+    gNetworkStatsClassInfo.rxPackets = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, clazz, "rxPackets", "[J");
+    gNetworkStatsClassInfo.txBytes = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, clazz, "txBytes", "[J");
+    gNetworkStatsClassInfo.txPackets = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, clazz, "txPackets", "[J");
+    gNetworkStatsClassInfo.operations = GetFieldIDOrDie(env, clazz, "operations", "[J");
 
     return err;
 }
diff --git a/core/jni/com_android_internal_os_Zygote.cpp b/core/jni/com_android_internal_os_Zygote.cpp
index c645e30..2bfeadb 100644
--- a/core/jni/com_android_internal_os_Zygote.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/com_android_internal_os_Zygote.cpp
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
 #include <selinux/android.h>
 #include <processgroup/processgroup.h>
 
-#include "android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h"
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 #include "JNIHelp.h"
 #include "ScopedLocalRef.h"
 #include "ScopedPrimitiveArray.h"
@@ -613,15 +613,11 @@ static JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {
 };
 
 int register_com_android_internal_os_Zygote(JNIEnv* env) {
-  gZygoteClass = (jclass) env->NewGlobalRef(env->FindClass(kZygoteClassName));
-  if (gZygoteClass == NULL) {
-    RuntimeAbort(env);
-  }
-  gCallPostForkChildHooks = env->GetStaticMethodID(gZygoteClass, "callPostForkChildHooks",
+  gZygoteClass = MakeGlobalRefOrDie(env, FindClassOrDie(env, kZygoteClassName));
+  gCallPostForkChildHooks = GetStaticMethodIDOrDie(env, gZygoteClass, "callPostForkChildHooks",
                                                    "(ILjava/lang/String;)V");
 
-  return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, "com/android/internal/os/Zygote",
-      gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
+  return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, "com/android/internal/os/Zygote", gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
 }
 }  // namespace android
 
diff --git a/core/jni/com_android_internal_os_ZygoteInit.cpp b/core/jni/com_android_internal_os_ZygoteInit.cpp
index 10c6e2ce..496f569 100644
--- a/core/jni/com_android_internal_os_ZygoteInit.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/com_android_internal_os_ZygoteInit.cpp
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 
 #include "jni.h"
 #include <JNIHelp.h>
-#include "android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h"
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 
 #include <sys/capability.h>
 #include <sys/prctl.h>
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ static JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {
 };
 int register_com_android_internal_os_ZygoteInit(JNIEnv* env)
 {
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env,
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env,
             "com/android/internal/os/ZygoteInit", gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
 }
 
diff --git a/core/jni/com_android_internal_util_VirtualRefBasePtr.cpp b/core/jni/com_android_internal_util_VirtualRefBasePtr.cpp
index ce6f207..7a18c2d 100644
--- a/core/jni/com_android_internal_util_VirtualRefBasePtr.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/com_android_internal_util_VirtualRefBasePtr.cpp
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 
 #include "jni.h"
 #include <nativehelper/JNIHelp.h>
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 
 namespace android {
 
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ static JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {
 };
 
 int register_com_android_internal_util_VirtualRefBasePtr(JNIEnv* env) {
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, kClassPathName, gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, kClassPathName, gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
 }
 
 
diff --git a/core/jni/com_android_internal_view_animation_NativeInterpolatorFactoryHelper.cpp b/core/jni/com_android_internal_view_animation_NativeInterpolatorFactoryHelper.cpp
index 704e1be..c5c2e9d 100644
--- a/core/jni/com_android_internal_view_animation_NativeInterpolatorFactoryHelper.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/com_android_internal_view_animation_NativeInterpolatorFactoryHelper.cpp
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 
 #include "jni.h"
 #include <nativehelper/JNIHelp.h>
-#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
+#include "core_jni_helpers.h"
 
 #include <Interpolator.h>
 
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ static JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {
 };
 
 int register_com_android_internal_view_animation_NativeInterpolatorFactoryHelper(JNIEnv* env) {
-    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env, kClassPathName, gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
+    return RegisterMethodsOrDie(env, kClassPathName, gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
 }