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authorThe Android Open Source Project <initial-contribution@android.com>2008-10-21 07:00:00 -0700
committerThe Android Open Source Project <initial-contribution@android.com>2008-10-21 07:00:00 -0700
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Initial Contribution
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+page.title=Glossary
+@jd:body
+<style TYPE="text/css">
+dt{font-weight:bold}
+</style>
+<h1>Android Glossary</h1>
+<p>The following terms are used in these documents. </p>
+<dl>
+ <dt>.apk extension </dt>
+ <dd>The extension for an Android package file, which typically contains all of the files
+ related to a single Android application. The file itself is a compressed collection
+ of an AndroidManifest.xml file, application code (.dex files), resource
+ files, and other files. A project is compiled into a single .apk file.</dd>
+ <dt>.dex extension </dt>
+ <dd>Android programs are compiled into .dex (Dalvik Executable) files, which
+ are in turn zipped into a single .apk file on the device. .dex files can
+ be created by automatically translating compiled applications written in
+ the Java programming language.</dd>
+ <dt>Action</dt>
+ <dd>A description of something that an Intent sender wants done. An action is
+ a string value assigned to an Intent. Action strings can be defined by Android
+ or by a third-party developer. For example, android.intent.action.VIEW
+ for a Web URL, or com.example.rumbler.SHAKE_PHONE for a custom application
+ to vibrate the phone. </dd>
+ <dt>Activity</dt>
+ <dd>A single screen in an application, with supporting Java code, derived from
+ the {@link android.app.Activity} class. </dd>
+ <dt>adb</dt>
+ <dd>Android Debug Bridge, a command-line debugging application shipped with the
+ SDK. It provides tools to browse the device, copy tools on the device, and
+ forward ports for debugging. See <a href="adb.html">Using adb</a> for more information. </dd>
+ <dt>Application</dt>
+ <dd>A collection of one or more activities, services, listeners, and intent receivers.
+ An application has a single manifest, and is compiled into a single .apk
+ file on the device. </dd>
+ <dt>Content Provider</dt>
+ <dd>A class built on {@link android.content.ContentProvider} that handles content
+ query strings of a specific format to return data in a specific format.
+ See <a href="{@docRoot}devel/data/contentproviders.html">Reading
+ and writing data to a content provider</a> for information on using
+ content providers. </dd>
+ <dt>Content URI</dt>
+ <dd>A type of URI. See the URI entry. </dd>
+ <dt>Dalvik</dt>
+ <dd>The name of Android's virtual machine. The Dalvik VM is an interpreter-only
+ virtual machine that executes files in the Dalvik Executable (.dex) format,
+ a format that is optimized for efficient storage and memory-mappable execution.
+ The virtual machine is register-based, and it can run classes compiled by
+ a Java language compiler that have been transformed into its native format
+ using the included &quot;dx&quot; tool.
+ The VM runs on top of Posix-compliant operating systems, which it relies
+ on for underlying functionality (such as threading and low level memory management).
+ The Dalvik core class library is intended to provide a familiar
+ development base for those used to programming with Java Standard
+ Edition, but it is geared specifically to the needs of a small mobile
+ device.</dd>
+ <dt>DDMS</dt>
+ <dd>Dalvik Debug Monitor Service, a GUI debugging application shipped with the
+ SDK. It provides screen capture, log dump, and process examination capabilities.
+ See Using the <a href="{@docRoot}reference/ddms.html">Dalvik
+ Debug Monitor Server</a> to learn more about this
+ program. </dd>
+ <dt>Drawable</dt>
+ <dd>A compiled visual resource that can be used as a background, title, or other
+ part of the screen. It is compiled into an {@link android.graphics.drawable}
+ subclass. </dd>
+ <dt>Intent</dt>
+ <dd>A class ({@link android.content.Intent}) that contains several fields describing
+ what a caller would like to do. The caller sends this intent to Android's
+ intent resolver, which looks through the intent filters of all applications
+ to find the activity most suited to handle this intent. Intent fields include
+ the desired action, a category, a data string, the MIME type of the data, a handling
+ class, and other restrictions. </dd>
+ <dt>Intent Filter</dt>
+ <dd>Activities and intent receivers include one or more filters in their manifest
+ to describe what kinds of intents or messages they can handle or want to
+ receive. An intent filter lists a set of requirements, such as data type,
+ action requested, and URI format, that the Intent or message must fulfill.
+ For activities, Android searches for the activity with the most closely matching
+ valid match between the Intent and the activity filter. For messages, Android
+ will forward a message to all receivers with matching intent filters. </dd>
+ <dt></dt>
+ <dt>Intent Receiver </dt>
+ <dd>An application class that listens for messages broadcast by calling {@link
+ android.content.Context#sendBroadcast(android.content.Intent) Context.sendBroadcast()}.
+ For example code, see <a href="{@docRoot}kb/commontasks.html#broadcastreceivers">Listening
+ for and broadcasting global messages</a>.</dd>
+ <dt>Layout resource </dt>
+ <dd>An XML file that describes the layout of an Activity screen. </dd>
+ <dt>Manifest</dt>
+ <dd>An XML file associated with each Application that describes the various activies,
+ intent filters, services, and other items that it exposes. See <a href="{@docRoot}devel/bblocks-manifest.html">AndroidManifest.xml
+ File Details</a>.</dd>
+ <dt>Nine-patch / 9-patch / Ninepatch image</dt>
+ <dd>A resizeable bitmap resource that can be used for backgrounds or other images
+ on the device. See <a href="{@docRoot}reference/available-resources.html#ninepatch">Nine-Patch Stretchable
+ Image</a> for more information. </dd>
+ <dt>Query String</dt>
+ <dd>A type of URI. See the URI entry. </dd>
+ <dt>Resource</dt>
+ <dd>A user-supplied XML, bitmap, or other file, entered into an application build
+ process, which can later be loaded from code. Android can accept resources
+ of many types; see <a href="{@docRoot}devel/resources-i18n.html">Resources</a> for a full description.
+ Application-defined resources should be stored in the <code>res/</code> subfolders. </dd>
+ <dt>Service</dt>
+ <dd>A class that runs in the background to perform various persistent actions,
+ such as playing music or monitoring network activity. </dd>
+ <dt>Theme</dt>
+ <dd>A set of properties (text size, background color, and so on) bundled together
+ to define various default display settings. Android provides a few standard
+ themes, listed in {@link android.R.style} (starting with &quot;Theme_&quot;). </dd>
+ <dt>URIs</dt>
+ <dd>Android uses URI strings both for requesting data (e.g., a list of contacts)
+ and for requesting actions (e.g., opening a Web page in a browser). Both
+ are valid URI strings, but have different values. All requests for data must
+ start with the string &quot;content://&quot;. Action strings are valid URIs
+ that can be handled appropriately by applications on the device; for example,
+ a URI starting with &quot;http://&quot; will be handled by the browser. </dd>
+</dl>
+<p>&nbsp;</p>
+