aboutsummaryrefslogtreecommitdiffstats
path: root/kernel/audit.c
blob: 26ff925e13f202e40abcba42cc34bca75d2ff24e (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
1265
1266
1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289
1290
1291
1292
1293
1294
1295
1296
1297
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307
1308
1309
1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
1316
1317
1318
1319
1320
1321
1322
1323
1324
1325
1326
1327
1328
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333
1334
1335
1336
1337
1338
1339
1340
1341
1342
1343
1344
1345
1346
1347
1348
1349
1350
1351
1352
1353
1354
1355
1356
1357
1358
1359
1360
1361
1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
1368
1369
1370
1371
1372
1373
1374
1375
1376
1377
1378
1379
1380
1381
1382
1383
1384
1385
1386
1387
1388
1389
1390
1391
1392
1393
1394
1395
1396
1397
1398
1399
1400
1401
1402
1403
1404
1405
1406
1407
1408
1409
1410
1411
1412
1413
1414
1415
1416
1417
1418
1419
1420
1421
1422
1423
1424
1425
1426
1427
1428
1429
1430
1431
1432
1433
1434
1435
1436
1437
1438
1439
1440
1441
1442
1443
1444
1445
1446
1447
1448
1449
1450
1451
1452
1453
1454
1455
1456
1457
1458
1459
1460
1461
1462
1463
1464
1465
1466
1467
1468
1469
1470
1471
1472
1473
1474
1475
1476
1477
1478
1479
1480
1481
1482
1483
1484
1485
1486
1487
/* audit.c -- Auditing support
 * Gateway between the kernel (e.g., selinux) and the user-space audit daemon.
 * System-call specific features have moved to auditsc.c
 *
 * Copyright 2003-2007 Red Hat Inc., Durham, North Carolina.
 * All Rights Reserved.
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
 *
 * Written by Rickard E. (Rik) Faith <faith@redhat.com>
 *
 * Goals: 1) Integrate fully with SELinux.
 *	  2) Minimal run-time overhead:
 *	     a) Minimal when syscall auditing is disabled (audit_enable=0).
 *	     b) Small when syscall auditing is enabled and no audit record
 *		is generated (defer as much work as possible to record
 *		generation time):
 *		i) context is allocated,
 *		ii) names from getname are stored without a copy, and
 *		iii) inode information stored from path_lookup.
 *	  3) Ability to disable syscall auditing at boot time (audit=0).
 *	  4) Usable by other parts of the kernel (if audit_log* is called,
 *	     then a syscall record will be generated automatically for the
 *	     current syscall).
 *	  5) Netlink interface to user-space.
 *	  6) Support low-overhead kernel-based filtering to minimize the
 *	     information that must be passed to user-space.
 *
 * Example user-space utilities: http://people.redhat.com/sgrubb/audit/
 */

#include <linux/init.h>
#include <asm/types.h>
#include <asm/atomic.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/err.h>
#include <linux/kthread.h>

#include <linux/audit.h>

#include <net/sock.h>
#include <net/netlink.h>
#include <linux/skbuff.h>
#include <linux/netlink.h>
#include <linux/selinux.h>
#include <linux/inotify.h>
#include <linux/freezer.h>
#include <linux/tty.h>

#include "audit.h"

/* No auditing will take place until audit_initialized != 0.
 * (Initialization happens after skb_init is called.) */
static int	audit_initialized;

/* 0 - no auditing
 * 1 - auditing enabled
 * 2 - auditing enabled and configuration is locked/unchangeable. */
int		audit_enabled;

/* Default state when kernel boots without any parameters. */
static int	audit_default;

/* If auditing cannot proceed, audit_failure selects what happens. */
static int	audit_failure = AUDIT_FAIL_PRINTK;

/* If audit records are to be written to the netlink socket, audit_pid
 * contains the (non-zero) pid. */
int		audit_pid;

/* If audit_rate_limit is non-zero, limit the rate of sending audit records
 * to that number per second.  This prevents DoS attacks, but results in
 * audit records being dropped. */
static int	audit_rate_limit;

/* Number of outstanding audit_buffers allowed. */
static int	audit_backlog_limit = 64;
static int	audit_backlog_wait_time = 60 * HZ;
static int	audit_backlog_wait_overflow = 0;

/* The identity of the user shutting down the audit system. */
uid_t		audit_sig_uid = -1;
pid_t		audit_sig_pid = -1;
u32		audit_sig_sid = 0;

/* Records can be lost in several ways:
   0) [suppressed in audit_alloc]
   1) out of memory in audit_log_start [kmalloc of struct audit_buffer]
   2) out of memory in audit_log_move [alloc_skb]
   3) suppressed due to audit_rate_limit
   4) suppressed due to audit_backlog_limit
*/
static atomic_t    audit_lost = ATOMIC_INIT(0);

/* The netlink socket. */
static struct sock *audit_sock;

/* Inotify handle. */
struct inotify_handle *audit_ih;

/* Hash for inode-based rules */
struct list_head audit_inode_hash[AUDIT_INODE_BUCKETS];

/* The audit_freelist is a list of pre-allocated audit buffers (if more
 * than AUDIT_MAXFREE are in use, the audit buffer is freed instead of
 * being placed on the freelist). */
static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(audit_freelist_lock);
static int	   audit_freelist_count;
static LIST_HEAD(audit_freelist);

static struct sk_buff_head audit_skb_queue;
static struct task_struct *kauditd_task;
static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(kauditd_wait);
static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(audit_backlog_wait);

/* Serialize requests from userspace. */
static DEFINE_MUTEX(audit_cmd_mutex);

/* AUDIT_BUFSIZ is the size of the temporary buffer used for formatting
 * audit records.  Since printk uses a 1024 byte buffer, this buffer
 * should be at least that large. */
#define AUDIT_BUFSIZ 1024

/* AUDIT_MAXFREE is the number of empty audit_buffers we keep on the
 * audit_freelist.  Doing so eliminates many kmalloc/kfree calls. */
#define AUDIT_MAXFREE  (2*NR_CPUS)

/* The audit_buffer is used when formatting an audit record.  The caller
 * locks briefly to get the record off the freelist or to allocate the
 * buffer, and locks briefly to send the buffer to the netlink layer or
 * to place it on a transmit queue.  Multiple audit_buffers can be in
 * use simultaneously. */
struct audit_buffer {
	struct list_head     list;
	struct sk_buff       *skb;	/* formatted skb ready to send */
	struct audit_context *ctx;	/* NULL or associated context */
	gfp_t		     gfp_mask;
};

static void audit_set_pid(struct audit_buffer *ab, pid_t pid)
{
	struct nlmsghdr *nlh = nlmsg_hdr(ab->skb);
	nlh->nlmsg_pid = pid;
}

void audit_panic(const char *message)
{
	switch (audit_failure)
	{
	case AUDIT_FAIL_SILENT:
		break;
	case AUDIT_FAIL_PRINTK:
		printk(KERN_ERR "audit: %s\n", message);
		break;
	case AUDIT_FAIL_PANIC:
		panic("audit: %s\n", message);
		break;
	}
}

static inline int audit_rate_check(void)
{
	static unsigned long	last_check = 0;
	static int		messages   = 0;
	static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(lock);
	unsigned long		flags;
	unsigned long		now;
	unsigned long		elapsed;
	int			retval	   = 0;

	if (!audit_rate_limit) return 1;

	spin_lock_irqsave(&lock, flags);
	if (++messages < audit_rate_limit) {
		retval = 1;
	} else {
		now     = jiffies;
		elapsed = now - last_check;
		if (elapsed > HZ) {
			last_check = now;
			messages   = 0;
			retval     = 1;
		}
	}
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&lock, flags);

	return retval;
}

/**
 * audit_log_lost - conditionally log lost audit message event
 * @message: the message stating reason for lost audit message
 *
 * Emit at least 1 message per second, even if audit_rate_check is
 * throttling.
 * Always increment the lost messages counter.
*/
void audit_log_lost(const char *message)
{
	static unsigned long	last_msg = 0;
	static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(lock);
	unsigned long		flags;
	unsigned long		now;
	int			print;

	atomic_inc(&audit_lost);

	print = (audit_failure == AUDIT_FAIL_PANIC || !audit_rate_limit);

	if (!print) {
		spin_lock_irqsave(&lock, flags);
		now = jiffies;
		if (now - last_msg > HZ) {
			print = 1;
			last_msg = now;
		}
		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&lock, flags);
	}

	if (print) {
		printk(KERN_WARNING
		       "audit: audit_lost=%d audit_rate_limit=%d audit_backlog_limit=%d\n",
		       atomic_read(&audit_lost),
		       audit_rate_limit,
		       audit_backlog_limit);
		audit_panic(message);
	}
}

static int audit_set_rate_limit(int limit, uid_t loginuid, u32 sid)
{
	int res, rc = 0, old = audit_rate_limit;

	/* check if we are locked */
	if (audit_enabled == 2)
		res = 0;
	else
		res = 1;

	if (sid) {
		char *ctx = NULL;
		u32 len;
		if ((rc = selinux_sid_to_string(sid, &ctx, &len)) == 0) {
			audit_log(NULL, GFP_KERNEL, AUDIT_CONFIG_CHANGE,
				"audit_rate_limit=%d old=%d by auid=%u"
				" subj=%s res=%d",
				limit, old, loginuid, ctx, res);
			kfree(ctx);
		} else
			res = 0; /* Something weird, deny request */
	}
	audit_log(NULL, GFP_KERNEL, AUDIT_CONFIG_CHANGE,
		"audit_rate_limit=%d old=%d by auid=%u res=%d",
		limit, old, loginuid, res);

	/* If we are allowed, make the change */
	if (res == 1)
		audit_rate_limit = limit;
	/* Not allowed, update reason */
	else if (rc == 0)
		rc = -EPERM;
	return rc;
}

static int audit_set_backlog_limit(int limit, uid_t loginuid, u32 sid)
{
	int res, rc = 0, old = audit_backlog_limit;

	/* check if we are locked */
	if (audit_enabled == 2)
		res = 0;
	else
		res = 1;

	if (sid) {
		char *ctx = NULL;
		u32 len;
		if ((rc = selinux_sid_to_string(sid, &ctx, &len)) == 0) {
			audit_log(NULL, GFP_KERNEL, AUDIT_CONFIG_CHANGE,
				"audit_backlog_limit=%d old=%d by auid=%u"
				" subj=%s res=%d",
				limit, old, loginuid, ctx, res);
			kfree(ctx);
		} else
			res = 0; /* Something weird, deny request */
	}
	audit_log(NULL, GFP_KERNEL, AUDIT_CONFIG_CHANGE,
		"audit_backlog_limit=%d old=%d by auid=%u res=%d",
		limit, old, loginuid, res);

	/* If we are allowed, make the change */
	if (res == 1)
		audit_backlog_limit = limit;
	/* Not allowed, update reason */
	else if (rc == 0)
		rc = -EPERM;
	return rc;
}

static int audit_set_enabled(int state, uid_t loginuid, u32 sid)
{
	int res, rc = 0, old = audit_enabled;

	if (state < 0 || state > 2)
		return -EINVAL;

	/* check if we are locked */
	if (audit_enabled == 2)
		res = 0;
	else
		res = 1;

	if (sid) {
		char *ctx = NULL;
		u32 len;
		if ((rc = selinux_sid_to_string(sid, &ctx, &len)) == 0) {
			audit_log(NULL, GFP_KERNEL, AUDIT_CONFIG_CHANGE,
				"audit_enabled=%d old=%d by auid=%u"
				" subj=%s res=%d",
				state, old, loginuid, ctx, res);
			kfree(ctx);
		} else
			res = 0; /* Something weird, deny request */
	}
	audit_log(NULL, GFP_KERNEL, AUDIT_CONFIG_CHANGE,
		"audit_enabled=%d old=%d by auid=%u res=%d",
		state, old, loginuid, res);

	/* If we are allowed, make the change */
	if (res == 1)
		audit_enabled = state;
	/* Not allowed, update reason */
	else if (rc == 0)
		rc = -EPERM;
	return rc;
}

static int audit_set_failure(int state, uid_t loginuid, u32 sid)
{
	int res, rc = 0, old = audit_failure;

	if (state != AUDIT_FAIL_SILENT
	    && state != AUDIT_FAIL_PRINTK
	    && state != AUDIT_FAIL_PANIC)
		return -EINVAL;

	/* check if we are locked */
	if (audit_enabled == 2)
		res = 0;
	else
		res = 1;

	if (sid) {
		char *ctx = NULL;
		u32 len;
		if ((rc = selinux_sid_to_string(sid, &ctx, &len)) == 0) {
			audit_log(NULL, GFP_KERNEL, AUDIT_CONFIG_CHANGE,
				"audit_failure=%d old=%d by auid=%u"
				" subj=%s res=%d",
				state, old, loginuid, ctx, res);
			kfree(ctx);
		} else
			res = 0; /* Something weird, deny request */
	}
	audit_log(NULL, GFP_KERNEL, AUDIT_CONFIG_CHANGE,
		"audit_failure=%d old=%d by auid=%u res=%d",
		state, old, loginuid, res);

	/* If we are allowed, make the change */
	if (res == 1)
		audit_failure = state;
	/* Not allowed, update reason */
	else if (rc == 0)
		rc = -EPERM;
	return rc;
}

static int kauditd_thread(void *dummy)
{
	struct sk_buff *skb;

	set_freezable();
	while (!kthread_should_stop()) {
		skb = skb_dequeue(&audit_skb_queue);
		wake_up(&audit_backlog_wait);
		if (skb) {
			if (audit_pid) {
				int err = netlink_unicast(audit_sock, skb, audit_pid, 0);
				if (err < 0) {
					BUG_ON(err != -ECONNREFUSED); /* Shoudn't happen */
					printk(KERN_ERR "audit: *NO* daemon at audit_pid=%d\n", audit_pid);
					audit_pid = 0;
				}
			} else {
				printk(KERN_NOTICE "%s\n", skb->data + NLMSG_SPACE(0));
				kfree_skb(skb);
			}
		} else {
			DECLARE_WAITQUEUE(wait, current);
			set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
			add_wait_queue(&kauditd_wait, &wait);

			if (!skb_queue_len(&audit_skb_queue)) {
				try_to_freeze();
				schedule();
			}

			__set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
			remove_wait_queue(&kauditd_wait, &wait);
		}
	}
	return 0;
}

static int audit_prepare_user_tty(pid_t pid, uid_t loginuid)
{
	struct task_struct *tsk;
	int err;

	read_lock(&tasklist_lock);
	tsk = find_task_by_pid(pid);
	err = -ESRCH;
	if (!tsk)
		goto out;
	err = 0;

	spin_lock_irq(&tsk->sighand->siglock);
	if (!tsk->signal->audit_tty)
		err = -EPERM;
	spin_unlock_irq(&tsk->sighand->siglock);
	if (err)
		goto out;

	tty_audit_push_task(tsk, loginuid);
out:
	read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);
	return err;
}

int audit_send_list(void *_dest)
{
	struct audit_netlink_list *dest = _dest;
	int pid = dest->pid;
	struct sk_buff *skb;

	/* wait for parent to finish and send an ACK */
	mutex_lock(&audit_cmd_mutex);
	mutex_unlock(&audit_cmd_mutex);

	while ((skb = __skb_dequeue(&dest->q)) != NULL)
		netlink_unicast(audit_sock, skb, pid, 0);

	kfree(dest);

	return 0;
}

#ifdef CONFIG_AUDIT_TREE
static int prune_tree_thread(void *unused)
{
	mutex_lock(&audit_cmd_mutex);
	audit_prune_trees();
	mutex_unlock(&audit_cmd_mutex);
	return 0;
}

void audit_schedule_prune(void)
{
	kthread_run(prune_tree_thread, NULL, "audit_prune_tree");
}
#endif

struct sk_buff *audit_make_reply(int pid, int seq, int type, int done,
				 int multi, void *payload, int size)
{
	struct sk_buff	*skb;
	struct nlmsghdr	*nlh;
	int		len = NLMSG_SPACE(size);
	void		*data;
	int		flags = multi ? NLM_F_MULTI : 0;
	int		t     = done  ? NLMSG_DONE  : type;

	skb = alloc_skb(len, GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!skb)
		return NULL;

	nlh		 = NLMSG_PUT(skb, pid, seq, t, size);
	nlh->nlmsg_flags = flags;
	data		 = NLMSG_DATA(nlh);
	memcpy(data, payload, size);
	return skb;

nlmsg_failure:			/* Used by NLMSG_PUT */
	if (skb)
		kfree_skb(skb);
	return NULL;
}

/**
 * audit_send_reply - send an audit reply message via netlink
 * @pid: process id to send reply to
 * @seq: sequence number
 * @type: audit message type
 * @done: done (last) flag
 * @multi: multi-part message flag
 * @payload: payload data
 * @size: payload size
 *
 * Allocates an skb, builds the netlink message, and sends it to the pid.
 * No failure notifications.
 */
void audit_send_reply(int pid, int seq, int type, int done, int multi,
		      void *payload, int size)
{
	struct sk_buff	*skb;
	skb = audit_make_reply(pid, seq, type, done, multi, payload, size);
	if (!skb)
		return;
	/* Ignore failure. It'll only happen if the sender goes away,
	   because our timeout is set to infinite. */
	netlink_unicast(audit_sock, skb, pid, 0);
	return;
}

/*
 * Check for appropriate CAP_AUDIT_ capabilities on incoming audit
 * control messages.
 */
static int audit_netlink_ok(struct sk_buff *skb, u16 msg_type)
{
	int err = 0;

	switch (msg_type) {
	case AUDIT_GET:
	case AUDIT_LIST:
	case AUDIT_LIST_RULES:
	case AUDIT_SET:
	case AUDIT_ADD:
	case AUDIT_ADD_RULE:
	case AUDIT_DEL:
	case AUDIT_DEL_RULE:
	case AUDIT_SIGNAL_INFO:
	case AUDIT_TTY_GET:
	case AUDIT_TTY_SET:
	case AUDIT_TRIM:
	case AUDIT_MAKE_EQUIV:
		if (security_netlink_recv(skb, CAP_AUDIT_CONTROL))
			err = -EPERM;
		break;
	case AUDIT_USER:
	case AUDIT_FIRST_USER_MSG ... AUDIT_LAST_USER_MSG:
	case AUDIT_FIRST_USER_MSG2 ... AUDIT_LAST_USER_MSG2:
		if (security_netlink_recv(skb, CAP_AUDIT_WRITE))
			err = -EPERM;
		break;
	default:  /* bad msg */
		err = -EINVAL;
	}

	return err;
}

static int audit_receive_msg(struct sk_buff *skb, struct nlmsghdr *nlh)
{
	u32			uid, pid, seq, sid;
	void			*data;
	struct audit_status	*status_get, status_set;
	int			err;
	struct audit_buffer	*ab;
	u16			msg_type = nlh->nlmsg_type;
	uid_t			loginuid; /* loginuid of sender */
	struct audit_sig_info   *sig_data;
	char			*ctx;
	u32			len;

	err = audit_netlink_ok(skb, msg_type);
	if (err)
		return err;

	/* As soon as there's any sign of userspace auditd,
	 * start kauditd to talk to it */
	if (!kauditd_task)
		kauditd_task = kthread_run(kauditd_thread, NULL, "kauditd");
	if (IS_ERR(kauditd_task)) {
		err = PTR_ERR(kauditd_task);
		kauditd_task = NULL;
		return err;
	}

	pid  = NETLINK_CREDS(skb)->pid;
	uid  = NETLINK_CREDS(skb)->uid;
	loginuid = NETLINK_CB(skb).loginuid;
	sid  = NETLINK_CB(skb).sid;
	seq  = nlh->nlmsg_seq;
	data = NLMSG_DATA(nlh);

	switch (msg_type) {
	case AUDIT_GET:
		status_set.enabled	 = audit_enabled;
		status_set.failure	 = audit_failure;
		status_set.pid		 = audit_pid;
		status_set.rate_limit	 = audit_rate_limit;
		status_set.backlog_limit = audit_backlog_limit;
		status_set.lost		 = atomic_read(&audit_lost);
		status_set.backlog	 = skb_queue_len(&audit_skb_queue);
		audit_send_reply(NETLINK_CB(skb).pid, seq, AUDIT_GET, 0, 0,
				 &status_set, sizeof(status_set));
		break;
	case AUDIT_SET:
		if (nlh->nlmsg_len < sizeof(struct audit_status))
			return -EINVAL;
		status_get   = (struct audit_status *)data;
		if (status_get->mask & AUDIT_STATUS_ENABLED) {
			err = audit_set_enabled(status_get->enabled,
							loginuid, sid);
			if (err < 0) return err;
		}
		if (status_get->mask & AUDIT_STATUS_FAILURE) {
			err = audit_set_failure(status_get->failure,
							 loginuid, sid);
			if (err < 0) return err;
		}
		if (status_get->mask & AUDIT_STATUS_PID) {
			int old   = audit_pid;
			if (sid) {
				if ((err = selinux_sid_to_string(
						sid, &ctx, &len)))
					return err;
				else
					audit_log(NULL, GFP_KERNEL,
						AUDIT_CONFIG_CHANGE,
						"audit_pid=%d old=%d by auid=%u subj=%s",
						status_get->pid, old,
						loginuid, ctx);
				kfree(ctx);
			} else
				audit_log(NULL, GFP_KERNEL, AUDIT_CONFIG_CHANGE,
					"audit_pid=%d old=%d by auid=%u",
					  status_get->pid, old, loginuid);
			audit_pid = status_get->pid;
		}
		if (status_get->mask & AUDIT_STATUS_RATE_LIMIT)
			err = audit_set_rate_limit(status_get->rate_limit,
							 loginuid, sid);
		if (status_get->mask & AUDIT_STATUS_BACKLOG_LIMIT)
			err = audit_set_backlog_limit(status_get->backlog_limit,
							loginuid, sid);
		break;
	case AUDIT_USER:
	case AUDIT_FIRST_USER_MSG ... AUDIT_LAST_USER_MSG:
	case AUDIT_FIRST_USER_MSG2 ... AUDIT_LAST_USER_MSG2:
		if (!audit_enabled && msg_type != AUDIT_USER_AVC)
			return 0;

		err = audit_filter_user(&NETLINK_CB(skb), msg_type);
		if (err == 1) {
			err = 0;
			if (msg_type == AUDIT_USER_TTY) {
				err = audit_prepare_user_tty(pid, loginuid);
				if (err)
					break;
			}
			ab = audit_log_start(NULL, GFP_KERNEL, msg_type);
			if (ab) {
				audit_log_format(ab,
						 "user pid=%d uid=%u auid=%u",
						 pid, uid, loginuid);
				if (sid) {
					if (selinux_sid_to_string(
							sid, &ctx, &len)) {
						audit_log_format(ab,
							" ssid=%u", sid);
						/* Maybe call audit_panic? */
					} else
						audit_log_format(ab,
							" subj=%s", ctx);
					kfree(ctx);
				}
				if (msg_type != AUDIT_USER_TTY)
					audit_log_format(ab, " msg='%.1024s'",
							 (char *)data);
				else {
					int size;

					audit_log_format(ab, " msg=");
					size = nlmsg_len(nlh);
					audit_log_n_untrustedstring(ab, size,
								    data);
				}
				audit_set_pid(ab, pid);
				audit_log_end(ab);
			}
		}
		break;
	case AUDIT_ADD:
	case AUDIT_DEL:
		if (nlmsg_len(nlh) < sizeof(struct audit_rule))
			return -EINVAL;
		if (audit_enabled == 2) {
			ab = audit_log_start(NULL, GFP_KERNEL,
					AUDIT_CONFIG_CHANGE);
			if (ab) {
				audit_log_format(ab,
						 "pid=%d uid=%u auid=%u",
						 pid, uid, loginuid);
				if (sid) {
					if (selinux_sid_to_string(
							sid, &ctx, &len)) {
						audit_log_format(ab,
							" ssid=%u", sid);
						/* Maybe call audit_panic? */
					} else
						audit_log_format(ab,
							" subj=%s", ctx);
					kfree(ctx);
				}
				audit_log_format(ab, " audit_enabled=%d res=0",
					audit_enabled);
				audit_log_end(ab);
			}
			return -EPERM;
		}
		/* fallthrough */
	case AUDIT_LIST:
		err = audit_receive_filter(nlh->nlmsg_type, NETLINK_CB(skb).pid,
					   uid, seq, data, nlmsg_len(nlh),
					   loginuid, sid);
		break;
	case AUDIT_ADD_RULE:
	case AUDIT_DEL_RULE:
		if (nlmsg_len(nlh) < sizeof(struct audit_rule_data))
			return -EINVAL;
		if (audit_enabled == 2) {
			ab = audit_log_start(NULL, GFP_KERNEL,
					AUDIT_CONFIG_CHANGE);
			if (ab) {
				audit_log_format(ab,
						 "pid=%d uid=%u auid=%u",
						 pid, uid, loginuid);
				if (sid) {
					if (selinux_sid_to_string(
							sid, &ctx, &len)) {
						audit_log_format(ab,
							" ssid=%u", sid);
						/* Maybe call audit_panic? */
					} else
						audit_log_format(ab,
							" subj=%s", ctx);
					kfree(ctx);
				}
				audit_log_format(ab, " audit_enabled=%d res=0",
					audit_enabled);
				audit_log_end(ab);
			}
			return -EPERM;
		}
		/* fallthrough */
	case AUDIT_LIST_RULES:
		err = audit_receive_filter(nlh->nlmsg_type, NETLINK_CB(skb).pid,
					   uid, seq, data, nlmsg_len(nlh),
					   loginuid, sid);
		break;
	case AUDIT_TRIM:
		audit_trim_trees();
		ab = audit_log_start(NULL, GFP_KERNEL, AUDIT_CONFIG_CHANGE);
		if (!ab)
			break;
		audit_log_format(ab, "auid=%u", loginuid);
		if (sid) {
			u32 len;
			ctx = NULL;
			if (selinux_sid_to_string(sid, &ctx, &len))
				audit_log_format(ab, " ssid=%u", sid);
			else
				audit_log_format(ab, " subj=%s", ctx);
			kfree(ctx);
		}
		audit_log_format(ab, " op=trim res=1");
		audit_log_end(ab);
		break;
	case AUDIT_MAKE_EQUIV: {
		void *bufp = data;
		u32 sizes[2];
		size_t len = nlmsg_len(nlh);
		char *old, *new;

		err = -EINVAL;
		if (len < 2 * sizeof(u32))
			break;
		memcpy(sizes, bufp, 2 * sizeof(u32));
		bufp += 2 * sizeof(u32);
		len -= 2 * sizeof(u32);
		old = audit_unpack_string(&bufp, &len, sizes[0]);
		if (IS_ERR(old)) {
			err = PTR_ERR(old);
			break;
		}
		new = audit_unpack_string(&bufp, &len, sizes[1]);
		if (IS_ERR(new)) {
			err = PTR_ERR(new);
			kfree(old);
			break;
		}
		/* OK, here comes... */
		err = audit_tag_tree(old, new);

		ab = audit_log_start(NULL, GFP_KERNEL, AUDIT_CONFIG_CHANGE);
		if (!ab) {
			kfree(old);
			kfree(new);
			break;
		}
		audit_log_format(ab, "auid=%u", loginuid);
		if (sid) {
			u32 len;
			ctx = NULL;
			if (selinux_sid_to_string(sid, &ctx, &len))
				audit_log_format(ab, " ssid=%u", sid);
			else
				audit_log_format(ab, " subj=%s", ctx);
			kfree(ctx);
		}
		audit_log_format(ab, " op=make_equiv old=");
		audit_log_untrustedstring(ab, old);
		audit_log_format(ab, " new=");
		audit_log_untrustedstring(ab, new);
		audit_log_format(ab, " res=%d", !err);
		audit_log_end(ab);
		kfree(old);
		kfree(new);
		break;
	}
	case AUDIT_SIGNAL_INFO:
		err = selinux_sid_to_string(audit_sig_sid, &ctx, &len);
		if (err)
			return err;
		sig_data = kmalloc(sizeof(*sig_data) + len, GFP_KERNEL);
		if (!sig_data) {
			kfree(ctx);
			return -ENOMEM;
		}
		sig_data->uid = audit_sig_uid;
		sig_data->pid = audit_sig_pid;
		memcpy(sig_data->ctx, ctx, len);
		kfree(ctx);
		audit_send_reply(NETLINK_CB(skb).pid, seq, AUDIT_SIGNAL_INFO,
				0, 0, sig_data, sizeof(*sig_data) + len);
		kfree(sig_data);
		break;
	case AUDIT_TTY_GET: {
		struct audit_tty_status s;
		struct task_struct *tsk;

		read_lock(&tasklist_lock);
		tsk = find_task_by_pid(pid);
		if (!tsk)
			err = -ESRCH;
		else {
			spin_lock_irq(&tsk->sighand->siglock);
			s.enabled = tsk->signal->audit_tty != 0;
			spin_unlock_irq(&tsk->sighand->siglock);
		}
		read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);
		audit_send_reply(NETLINK_CB(skb).pid, seq, AUDIT_TTY_GET, 0, 0,
				 &s, sizeof(s));
		break;
	}
	case AUDIT_TTY_SET: {
		struct audit_tty_status *s;
		struct task_struct *tsk;

		if (nlh->nlmsg_len < sizeof(struct audit_tty_status))
			return -EINVAL;
		s = data;
		if (s->enabled != 0 && s->enabled != 1)
			return -EINVAL;
		read_lock(&tasklist_lock);
		tsk = find_task_by_pid(pid);
		if (!tsk)
			err = -ESRCH;
		else {
			spin_lock_irq(&tsk->sighand->siglock);
			tsk->signal->audit_tty = s->enabled != 0;
			spin_unlock_irq(&tsk->sighand->siglock);
		}
		read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);
		break;
	}
	default:
		err = -EINVAL;
		break;
	}

	return err < 0 ? err : 0;
}

/*
 * Get message from skb (based on rtnetlink_rcv_skb).  Each message is
 * processed by audit_receive_msg.  Malformed skbs with wrong length are
 * discarded silently.
 */
static void audit_receive_skb(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
	int		err;
	struct nlmsghdr	*nlh;
	u32		rlen;

	while (skb->len >= NLMSG_SPACE(0)) {
		nlh = nlmsg_hdr(skb);
		if (nlh->nlmsg_len < sizeof(*nlh) || skb->len < nlh->nlmsg_len)
			return;
		rlen = NLMSG_ALIGN(nlh->nlmsg_len);
		if (rlen > skb->len)
			rlen = skb->len;
		if ((err = audit_receive_msg(skb, nlh))) {
			netlink_ack(skb, nlh, err);
		} else if (nlh->nlmsg_flags & NLM_F_ACK)
			netlink_ack(skb, nlh, 0);
		skb_pull(skb, rlen);
	}
}

/* Receive messages from netlink socket. */
static void audit_receive(struct sk_buff  *skb)
{
	mutex_lock(&audit_cmd_mutex);
	audit_receive_skb(skb);
	mutex_unlock(&audit_cmd_mutex);
}

#ifdef CONFIG_AUDITSYSCALL
static const struct inotify_operations audit_inotify_ops = {
	.handle_event	= audit_handle_ievent,
	.destroy_watch	= audit_free_parent,
};
#endif

/* Initialize audit support at boot time. */
static int __init audit_init(void)
{
	int i;

	printk(KERN_INFO "audit: initializing netlink socket (%s)\n",
	       audit_default ? "enabled" : "disabled");
	audit_sock = netlink_kernel_create(&init_net, NETLINK_AUDIT, 0,
					   audit_receive, NULL, THIS_MODULE);
	if (!audit_sock)
		audit_panic("cannot initialize netlink socket");
	else
		audit_sock->sk_sndtimeo = MAX_SCHEDULE_TIMEOUT;

	skb_queue_head_init(&audit_skb_queue);
	audit_initialized = 1;
	audit_enabled = audit_default;

	/* Register the callback with selinux.  This callback will be invoked
	 * when a new policy is loaded. */
	selinux_audit_set_callback(&selinux_audit_rule_update);

	audit_log(NULL, GFP_KERNEL, AUDIT_KERNEL, "initialized");

#ifdef CONFIG_AUDITSYSCALL
	audit_ih = inotify_init(&audit_inotify_ops);
	if (IS_ERR(audit_ih))
		audit_panic("cannot initialize inotify handle");
#endif

	for (i = 0; i < AUDIT_INODE_BUCKETS; i++)
		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&audit_inode_hash[i]);

	return 0;
}
__initcall(audit_init);

/* Process kernel command-line parameter at boot time.  audit=0 or audit=1. */
static int __init audit_enable(char *str)
{
	audit_default = !!simple_strtol(str, NULL, 0);
	printk(KERN_INFO "audit: %s%s\n",
	       audit_default ? "enabled" : "disabled",
	       audit_initialized ? "" : " (after initialization)");
	if (audit_initialized)
		audit_enabled = audit_default;
	return 1;
}

__setup("audit=", audit_enable);

static void audit_buffer_free(struct audit_buffer *ab)
{
	unsigned long flags;

	if (!ab)
		return;

	if (ab->skb)
		kfree_skb(ab->skb);

	spin_lock_irqsave(&audit_freelist_lock, flags);
	if (audit_freelist_count > AUDIT_MAXFREE)
		kfree(ab);
	else {
		audit_freelist_count++;
		list_add(&ab->list, &audit_freelist);
	}
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&audit_freelist_lock, flags);
}

static struct audit_buffer * audit_buffer_alloc(struct audit_context *ctx,
						gfp_t gfp_mask, int type)
{
	unsigned long flags;
	struct audit_buffer *ab = NULL;
	struct nlmsghdr *nlh;

	spin_lock_irqsave(&audit_freelist_lock, flags);
	if (!list_empty(&audit_freelist)) {
		ab = list_entry(audit_freelist.next,
				struct audit_buffer, list);
		list_del(&ab->list);
		--audit_freelist_count;
	}
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&audit_freelist_lock, flags);

	if (!ab) {
		ab = kmalloc(sizeof(*ab), gfp_mask);
		if (!ab)
			goto err;
	}

	ab->skb = alloc_skb(AUDIT_BUFSIZ, gfp_mask);
	if (!ab->skb)
		goto err;

	ab->ctx = ctx;
	ab->gfp_mask = gfp_mask;
	nlh = (struct nlmsghdr *)skb_put(ab->skb, NLMSG_SPACE(0));
	nlh->nlmsg_type = type;
	nlh->nlmsg_flags = 0;
	nlh->nlmsg_pid = 0;
	nlh->nlmsg_seq = 0;
	return ab;
err:
	audit_buffer_free(ab);
	return NULL;
}

/**
 * audit_serial - compute a serial number for the audit record
 *
 * Compute a serial number for the audit record.  Audit records are
 * written to user-space as soon as they are generated, so a complete
 * audit record may be written in several pieces.  The timestamp of the
 * record and this serial number are used by the user-space tools to
 * determine which pieces belong to the same audit record.  The
 * (timestamp,serial) tuple is unique for each syscall and is live from
 * syscall entry to syscall exit.
 *
 * NOTE: Another possibility is to store the formatted records off the
 * audit context (for those records that have a context), and emit them
 * all at syscall exit.  However, this could delay the reporting of
 * significant errors until syscall exit (or never, if the system
 * halts).
 */
unsigned int audit_serial(void)
{
	static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(serial_lock);
	static unsigned int serial = 0;

	unsigned long flags;
	unsigned int ret;

	spin_lock_irqsave(&serial_lock, flags);
	do {
		ret = ++serial;
	} while (unlikely(!ret));
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&serial_lock, flags);

	return ret;
}

static inline void audit_get_stamp(struct audit_context *ctx,
				   struct timespec *t, unsigned int *serial)
{
	if (ctx)
		auditsc_get_stamp(ctx, t, serial);
	else {
		*t = CURRENT_TIME;
		*serial = audit_serial();
	}
}

/* Obtain an audit buffer.  This routine does locking to obtain the
 * audit buffer, but then no locking is required for calls to
 * audit_log_*format.  If the tsk is a task that is currently in a
 * syscall, then the syscall is marked as auditable and an audit record
 * will be written at syscall exit.  If there is no associated task, tsk
 * should be NULL. */

/**
 * audit_log_start - obtain an audit buffer
 * @ctx: audit_context (may be NULL)
 * @gfp_mask: type of allocation
 * @type: audit message type
 *
 * Returns audit_buffer pointer on success or NULL on error.
 *
 * Obtain an audit buffer.  This routine does locking to obtain the
 * audit buffer, but then no locking is required for calls to
 * audit_log_*format.  If the task (ctx) is a task that is currently in a
 * syscall, then the syscall is marked as auditable and an audit record
 * will be written at syscall exit.  If there is no associated task, then
 * task context (ctx) should be NULL.
 */
struct audit_buffer *audit_log_start(struct audit_context *ctx, gfp_t gfp_mask,
				     int type)
{
	struct audit_buffer	*ab	= NULL;
	struct timespec		t;
	unsigned int		serial;
	int reserve;
	unsigned long timeout_start = jiffies;

	if (!audit_initialized)
		return NULL;

	if (unlikely(audit_filter_type(type)))
		return NULL;

	if (gfp_mask & __GFP_WAIT)
		reserve = 0;
	else
		reserve = 5; /* Allow atomic callers to go up to five
				entries over the normal backlog limit */

	while (audit_backlog_limit
	       && skb_queue_len(&audit_skb_queue) > audit_backlog_limit + reserve) {
		if (gfp_mask & __GFP_WAIT && audit_backlog_wait_time
		    && time_before(jiffies, timeout_start + audit_backlog_wait_time)) {

			/* Wait for auditd to drain the queue a little */
			DECLARE_WAITQUEUE(wait, current);
			set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
			add_wait_queue(&audit_backlog_wait, &wait);

			if (audit_backlog_limit &&
			    skb_queue_len(&audit_skb_queue) > audit_backlog_limit)
				schedule_timeout(timeout_start + audit_backlog_wait_time - jiffies);

			__set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
			remove_wait_queue(&audit_backlog_wait, &wait);
			continue;
		}
		if (audit_rate_check())
			printk(KERN_WARNING
			       "audit: audit_backlog=%d > "
			       "audit_backlog_limit=%d\n",
			       skb_queue_len(&audit_skb_queue),
			       audit_backlog_limit);
		audit_log_lost("backlog limit exceeded");
		audit_backlog_wait_time = audit_backlog_wait_overflow;
		wake_up(&audit_backlog_wait);
		return NULL;
	}

	ab = audit_buffer_alloc(ctx, gfp_mask, type);
	if (!ab) {
		audit_log_lost("out of memory in audit_log_start");
		return NULL;
	}

	audit_get_stamp(ab->ctx, &t, &serial);

	audit_log_format(ab, "audit(%lu.%03lu:%u): ",
			 t.tv_sec, t.tv_nsec/1000000, serial);
	return ab;
}

/**
 * audit_expand - expand skb in the audit buffer
 * @ab: audit_buffer
 * @extra: space to add at tail of the skb
 *
 * Returns 0 (no space) on failed expansion, or available space if
 * successful.
 */
static inline int audit_expand(struct audit_buffer *ab, int extra)
{
	struct sk_buff *skb = ab->skb;
	int oldtail = skb_tailroom(skb);
	int ret = pskb_expand_head(skb, 0, extra, ab->gfp_mask);
	int newtail = skb_tailroom(skb);

	if (ret < 0) {
		audit_log_lost("out of memory in audit_expand");
		return 0;
	}

	skb->truesize += newtail - oldtail;
	return newtail;
}

/*
 * Format an audit message into the audit buffer.  If there isn't enough
 * room in the audit buffer, more room will be allocated and vsnprint
 * will be called a second time.  Currently, we assume that a printk
 * can't format message larger than 1024 bytes, so we don't either.
 */
static void audit_log_vformat(struct audit_buffer *ab, const char *fmt,
			      va_list args)
{
	int len, avail;
	struct sk_buff *skb;
	va_list args2;

	if (!ab)
		return;

	BUG_ON(!ab->skb);
	skb = ab->skb;
	avail = skb_tailroom(skb);
	if (avail == 0) {
		avail = audit_expand(ab, AUDIT_BUFSIZ);
		if (!avail)
			goto out;
	}
	va_copy(args2, args);
	len = vsnprintf(skb_tail_pointer(skb), avail, fmt, args);
	if (len >= avail) {
		/* The printk buffer is 1024 bytes long, so if we get
		 * here and AUDIT_BUFSIZ is at least 1024, then we can
		 * log everything that printk could have logged. */
		avail = audit_expand(ab,
			max_t(unsigned, AUDIT_BUFSIZ, 1+len-avail));
		if (!avail)
			goto out;
		len = vsnprintf(skb_tail_pointer(skb), avail, fmt, args2);
	}
	if (len > 0)
		skb_put(skb, len);
out:
	return;
}

/**
 * audit_log_format - format a message into the audit buffer.
 * @ab: audit_buffer
 * @fmt: format string
 * @...: optional parameters matching @fmt string
 *
 * All the work is done in audit_log_vformat.
 */
void audit_log_format(struct audit_buffer *ab, const char *fmt, ...)
{
	va_list args;

	if (!ab)
		return;
	va_start(args, fmt);
	audit_log_vformat(ab, fmt, args);
	va_end(args);
}

/**
 * audit_log_hex - convert a buffer to hex and append it to the audit skb
 * @ab: the audit_buffer
 * @buf: buffer to convert to hex
 * @len: length of @buf to be converted
 *
 * No return value; failure to expand is silently ignored.
 *
 * This function will take the passed buf and convert it into a string of
 * ascii hex digits. The new string is placed onto the skb.
 */
void audit_log_hex(struct audit_buffer *ab, const unsigned char *buf,
		size_t len)
{
	int i, avail, new_len;
	unsigned char *ptr;
	struct sk_buff *skb;
	static const unsigned char *hex = "0123456789ABCDEF";

	if (!ab)
		return;

	BUG_ON(!ab->skb);
	skb = ab->skb;
	avail = skb_tailroom(skb);
	new_len = len<<1;
	if (new_len >= avail) {
		/* Round the buffer request up to the next multiple */
		new_len = AUDIT_BUFSIZ*(((new_len-avail)/AUDIT_BUFSIZ) + 1);
		avail = audit_expand(ab, new_len);
		if (!avail)
			return;
	}

	ptr = skb_tail_pointer(skb);
	for (i=0; i<len; i++) {
		*ptr++ = hex[(buf[i] & 0xF0)>>4]; /* Upper nibble */
		*ptr++ = hex[buf[i] & 0x0F];	  /* Lower nibble */
	}
	*ptr = 0;
	skb_put(skb, len << 1); /* new string is twice the old string */
}

/*
 * Format a string of no more than slen characters into the audit buffer,
 * enclosed in quote marks.
 */
static void audit_log_n_string(struct audit_buffer *ab, size_t slen,
			       const char *string)
{
	int avail, new_len;
	unsigned char *ptr;
	struct sk_buff *skb;

	if (!ab)
		return;

	BUG_ON(!ab->skb);
	skb = ab->skb;
	avail = skb_tailroom(skb);
	new_len = slen + 3;	/* enclosing quotes + null terminator */
	if (new_len > avail) {
		avail = audit_expand(ab, new_len);
		if (!avail)
			return;
	}
	ptr = skb_tail_pointer(skb);
	*ptr++ = '"';
	memcpy(ptr, string, slen);
	ptr += slen;
	*ptr++ = '"';
	*ptr = 0;
	skb_put(skb, slen + 2);	/* don't include null terminator */
}

/**
 * audit_string_contains_control - does a string need to be logged in hex
 * @string - string to be checked
 * @len - max length of the string to check
 */
int audit_string_contains_control(const char *string, size_t len)
{
	const unsigned char *p;
	for (p = string; p < (const unsigned char *)string + len && *p; p++) {
		if (*p == '"' || *p < 0x21 || *p > 0x7f)
			return 1;
	}
	return 0;
}

/**
 * audit_log_n_untrustedstring - log a string that may contain random characters
 * @ab: audit_buffer
 * @len: lenth of string (not including trailing null)
 * @string: string to be logged
 *
 * This code will escape a string that is passed to it if the string
 * contains a control character, unprintable character, double quote mark,
 * or a space. Unescaped strings will start and end with a double quote mark.
 * Strings that are escaped are printed in hex (2 digits per char).
 *
 * The caller specifies the number of characters in the string to log, which may
 * or may not be the entire string.
 */
void audit_log_n_untrustedstring(struct audit_buffer *ab, size_t len,
				 const char *string)
{
	if (audit_string_contains_control(string, len))
		audit_log_hex(ab, string, len);
	else
		audit_log_n_string(ab, len, string);
}

/**
 * audit_log_untrustedstring - log a string that may contain random characters
 * @ab: audit_buffer
 * @string: string to be logged
 *
 * Same as audit_log_n_untrustedstring(), except that strlen is used to
 * determine string length.
 */
void audit_log_untrustedstring(struct audit_buffer *ab, const char *string)
{
	audit_log_n_untrustedstring(ab, strlen(string), string);
}

/* This is a helper-function to print the escaped d_path */
void audit_log_d_path(struct audit_buffer *ab, const char *prefix,
		      struct dentry *dentry, struct vfsmount *vfsmnt)
{
	char *p, *path;

	if (prefix)
		audit_log_format(ab, " %s", prefix);

	/* We will allow 11 spaces for ' (deleted)' to be appended */
	path = kmalloc(PATH_MAX+11, ab->gfp_mask);
	if (!path) {
		audit_log_format(ab, "<no memory>");
		return;
	}
	p = d_path(dentry, vfsmnt, path, PATH_MAX+11);
	if (IS_ERR(p)) { /* Should never happen since we send PATH_MAX */
		/* FIXME: can we save some information here? */
		audit_log_format(ab, "<too long>");
	} else
		audit_log_untrustedstring(ab, p);
	kfree(path);
}

/**
 * audit_log_end - end one audit record
 * @ab: the audit_buffer
 *
 * The netlink_* functions cannot be called inside an irq context, so
 * the audit buffer is placed on a queue and a tasklet is scheduled to
 * remove them from the queue outside the irq context.  May be called in
 * any context.
 */
void audit_log_end(struct audit_buffer *ab)
{
	if (!ab)
		return;
	if (!audit_rate_check()) {
		audit_log_lost("rate limit exceeded");
	} else {
		if (audit_pid) {
			struct nlmsghdr *nlh = nlmsg_hdr(ab->skb);
			nlh->nlmsg_len = ab->skb->len - NLMSG_SPACE(0);
			skb_queue_tail(&audit_skb_queue, ab->skb);
			ab->skb = NULL;
			wake_up_interruptible(&kauditd_wait);
		} else {
			struct nlmsghdr *nlh = nlmsg_hdr(ab->skb);
			printk(KERN_NOTICE "type=%d %s\n", nlh->nlmsg_type, ab->skb->data + NLMSG_SPACE(0));
		}
	}
	audit_buffer_free(ab);
}

/**
 * audit_log - Log an audit record
 * @ctx: audit context
 * @gfp_mask: type of allocation
 * @type: audit message type
 * @fmt: format string to use
 * @...: variable parameters matching the format string
 *
 * This is a convenience function that calls audit_log_start,
 * audit_log_vformat, and audit_log_end.  It may be called
 * in any context.
 */
void audit_log(struct audit_context *ctx, gfp_t gfp_mask, int type,
	       const char *fmt, ...)
{
	struct audit_buffer *ab;
	va_list args;

	ab = audit_log_start(ctx, gfp_mask, type);
	if (ab) {
		va_start(args, fmt);
		audit_log_vformat(ab, fmt, args);
		va_end(args);
		audit_log_end(ab);
	}
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(audit_log_start);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(audit_log_end);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(audit_log_format);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(audit_log);