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| author | Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> | 2009-01-11 02:42:53 +0100 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> | 2009-01-11 02:42:53 +0100 |
| commit | 506c10f26c481b7f8ef27c1c79290f68989b2e9e (patch) | |
| tree | 03de82e812f00957aa6276dac2fe51c3358e88d7 /Documentation | |
| parent | e1df957670aef74ffd9a4ad93e6d2c90bf6b4845 (diff) | |
| parent | c59765042f53a79a7a65585042ff463b69cb248c (diff) | |
| download | kernel_samsung_crespo-506c10f26c481b7f8ef27c1c79290f68989b2e9e.zip kernel_samsung_crespo-506c10f26c481b7f8ef27c1c79290f68989b2e9e.tar.gz kernel_samsung_crespo-506c10f26c481b7f8ef27c1c79290f68989b2e9e.tar.bz2 | |
Merge commit 'v2.6.29-rc1' into perfcounters/core
Conflicts:
include/linux/kernel_stat.h
Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation')
100 files changed, 5155 insertions, 519 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-class-regulator b/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-class-regulator index 3731f6f..873ef1f 100644 --- a/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-class-regulator +++ b/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-class-regulator @@ -3,8 +3,9 @@ Date: April 2008 KernelVersion: 2.6.26 Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk> Description: - Each regulator directory will contain a field called - state. This holds the regulator output state. + Some regulator directories will contain a field called + state. This reports the regulator enable status, for + regulators which can report that value. This will be one of the following strings: @@ -18,7 +19,8 @@ Description: 'disabled' means the regulator output is OFF and is not supplying power to the system.. - 'unknown' means software cannot determine the state. + 'unknown' means software cannot determine the state, or + the reported state is invalid. NOTE: this field can be used in conjunction with microvolts and microamps to determine regulator output levels. @@ -53,9 +55,10 @@ Date: April 2008 KernelVersion: 2.6.26 Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk> Description: - Each regulator directory will contain a field called + Some regulator directories will contain a field called microvolts. This holds the regulator output voltage setting - measured in microvolts (i.e. E-6 Volts). + measured in microvolts (i.e. E-6 Volts), for regulators + which can report that voltage. NOTE: This value should not be used to determine the regulator output voltage level as this value is the same regardless of @@ -67,9 +70,10 @@ Date: April 2008 KernelVersion: 2.6.26 Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk> Description: - Each regulator directory will contain a field called + Some regulator directories will contain a field called microamps. This holds the regulator output current limit - setting measured in microamps (i.e. E-6 Amps). + setting measured in microamps (i.e. E-6 Amps), for regulators + which can report that current. NOTE: This value should not be used to determine the regulator output current level as this value is the same regardless of @@ -81,8 +85,9 @@ Date: April 2008 KernelVersion: 2.6.26 Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk> Description: - Each regulator directory will contain a field called - opmode. This holds the regulator operating mode setting. + Some regulator directories will contain a field called + opmode. This holds the current regulator operating mode, + for regulators which can report it. The opmode value can be one of the following strings: @@ -92,7 +97,7 @@ Description: 'standby' 'unknown' - The modes are described in include/linux/regulator/regulator.h + The modes are described in include/linux/regulator/consumer.h NOTE: This value should not be used to determine the regulator output operating mode as this value is the same regardless of @@ -104,9 +109,10 @@ Date: April 2008 KernelVersion: 2.6.26 Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk> Description: - Each regulator directory will contain a field called + Some regulator directories will contain a field called min_microvolts. This holds the minimum safe working regulator - output voltage setting for this domain measured in microvolts. + output voltage setting for this domain measured in microvolts, + for regulators which support voltage constraints. NOTE: this will return the string 'constraint not defined' if the power domain has no min microvolts constraint defined by @@ -118,9 +124,10 @@ Date: April 2008 KernelVersion: 2.6.26 Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk> Description: - Each regulator directory will contain a field called + Some regulator directories will contain a field called max_microvolts. This holds the maximum safe working regulator - output voltage setting for this domain measured in microvolts. + output voltage setting for this domain measured in microvolts, + for regulators which support voltage constraints. NOTE: this will return the string 'constraint not defined' if the power domain has no max microvolts constraint defined by @@ -132,10 +139,10 @@ Date: April 2008 KernelVersion: 2.6.26 Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk> Description: - Each regulator directory will contain a field called + Some regulator directories will contain a field called min_microamps. This holds the minimum safe working regulator output current limit setting for this domain measured in - microamps. + microamps, for regulators which support current constraints. NOTE: this will return the string 'constraint not defined' if the power domain has no min microamps constraint defined by @@ -147,10 +154,10 @@ Date: April 2008 KernelVersion: 2.6.26 Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk> Description: - Each regulator directory will contain a field called + Some regulator directories will contain a field called max_microamps. This holds the maximum safe working regulator output current limit setting for this domain measured in - microamps. + microamps, for regulators which support current constraints. NOTE: this will return the string 'constraint not defined' if the power domain has no max microamps constraint defined by @@ -185,7 +192,7 @@ Date: April 2008 KernelVersion: 2.6.26 Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk> Description: - Each regulator directory will contain a field called + Some regulator directories will contain a field called requested_microamps. This holds the total requested load current in microamps for this regulator from all its consumer devices. @@ -204,125 +211,102 @@ Date: May 2008 KernelVersion: 2.6.26 Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk> Description: - Each regulator directory will contain a field called + Some regulator directories will contain a field called suspend_mem_microvolts. This holds the regulator output voltage setting for this domain measured in microvolts when - the system is suspended to memory. - - NOTE: this will return the string 'not defined' if - the power domain has no suspend to memory voltage defined by - platform code. + the system is suspended to memory, for voltage regulators + implementing suspend voltage configuration constraints. What: /sys/class/regulator/.../suspend_disk_microvolts Date: May 2008 KernelVersion: 2.6.26 Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk> Description: - Each regulator directory will contain a field called + Some regulator directories will contain a field called suspend_disk_microvolts. This holds the regulator output voltage setting for this domain measured in microvolts when - the system is suspended to disk. - - NOTE: this will return the string 'not defined' if - the power domain has no suspend to disk voltage defined by - platform code. + the system is suspended to disk, for voltage regulators + implementing suspend voltage configuration constraints. What: /sys/class/regulator/.../suspend_standby_microvolts Date: May 2008 KernelVersion: 2.6.26 Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk> Description: - Each regulator directory will contain a field called + Some regulator directories will contain a field called suspend_standby_microvolts. This holds the regulator output voltage setting for this domain measured in microvolts when - the system is suspended to standby. - - NOTE: this will return the string 'not defined' if - the power domain has no suspend to standby voltage defined by - platform code. + the system is suspended to standby, for voltage regulators + implementing suspend voltage configuration constraints. What: /sys/class/regulator/.../suspend_mem_mode Date: May 2008 KernelVersion: 2.6.26 Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk> Description: - Each regulator directory will contain a field called + Some regulator directories will contain a field called suspend_mem_mode. This holds the regulator operating mode setting for this domain when the system is suspended to - memory. - - NOTE: this will return the string 'not defined' if - the power domain has no suspend to memory mode defined by - platform code. + memory, for regulators implementing suspend mode + configuration constraints. What: /sys/class/regulator/.../suspend_disk_mode Date: May 2008 KernelVersion: 2.6.26 Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk> Description: - Each regulator directory will contain a field called + Some regulator directories will contain a field called suspend_disk_mode. This holds the regulator operating mode - setting for this domain when the system is suspended to disk. - - NOTE: this will return the string 'not defined' if - the power domain has no suspend to disk mode defined by - platform code. + setting for this domain when the system is suspended to disk, + for regulators implementing suspend mode configuration + constraints. What: /sys/class/regulator/.../suspend_standby_mode Date: May 2008 KernelVersion: 2.6.26 Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk> Description: - Each regulator directory will contain a field called + Some regulator directories will contain a field called suspend_standby_mode. This holds the regulator operating mode setting for this domain when the system is suspended to - standby. - - NOTE: this will return the string 'not defined' if - the power domain has no suspend to standby mode defined by - platform code. + standby, for regulators implementing suspend mode + configuration constraints. What: /sys/class/regulator/.../suspend_mem_state Date: May 2008 KernelVersion: 2.6.26 Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk> Description: - Each regulator directory will contain a field called + Some regulator directories will contain a field called suspend_mem_state. This holds the regulator operating state - when suspended to memory. - - This will be one of the following strings: + when suspended to memory, for regulators implementing suspend + configuration constraints. - 'enabled' - 'disabled' - 'not defined' + This will be one of the same strings reported by + the "state" attribute. What: /sys/class/regulator/.../suspend_disk_state Date: May 2008 KernelVersion: 2.6.26 Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk> Description: - Each regulator directory will contain a field called + Some regulator directories will contain a field called suspend_disk_state. This holds the regulator operating state - when suspended to disk. - - This will be one of the following strings: + when suspended to disk, for regulators implementing + suspend configuration constraints. - 'enabled' - 'disabled' - 'not defined' + This will be one of the same strings reported by + the "state" attribute. What: /sys/class/regulator/.../suspend_standby_state Date: May 2008 KernelVersion: 2.6.26 Contact: Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk> Description: - Each regulator directory will contain a field called + Some regulator directories will contain a field called suspend_standby_state. This holds the regulator operating - state when suspended to standby. - - This will be one of the following strings: + state when suspended to standby, for regulators implementing + suspend configuration constraints. - 'enabled' - 'disabled' - 'not defined' + This will be one of the same strings reported by + the "state" attribute. diff --git a/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-class-uwb_rc b/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-class-uwb_rc index a0d18db..6a5fd07 100644 --- a/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-class-uwb_rc +++ b/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-class-uwb_rc @@ -32,14 +32,16 @@ Contact: linux-usb@vger.kernel.org Description: Write: - <channel> [<bpst offset>] + <channel> - to start beaconing on a specific channel, or stop - beaconing if <channel> is -1. Valid channels depends - on the radio controller's supported band groups. + to force a specific channel to be used when beaconing, + or, if <channel> is -1, to prohibit beaconing. If + <channel> is 0, then the default channel selection + algorithm will be used. Valid channels depends on the + radio controller's supported band groups. - <bpst offset> may be used to try and join a specific - beacon group if more than one was found during a scan. + Reading returns the currently active channel, or -1 if + the radio controller is not beaconing. What: /sys/class/uwb_rc/uwbN/scan Date: July 2008 diff --git a/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-devices-memory b/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-devices-memory index 7a16fe1..9fe91c0 100644 --- a/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-devices-memory +++ b/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-devices-memory @@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ Description: internal state of the kernel memory blocks. Files could be added or removed dynamically to represent hot-add/remove operations. - Users: hotplug memory add/remove tools https://w3.opensource.ibm.com/projects/powerpc-utils/ @@ -19,6 +18,56 @@ Description: This is useful for a user-level agent to determine identify removable sections of the memory before attempting potentially expensive hot-remove memory operation +Users: hotplug memory remove tools + https://w3.opensource.ibm.com/projects/powerpc-utils/ + +What: /sys/devices/system/memory/memoryX/phys_device +Date: September 2008 +Contact: Badari Pulavarty <pbadari@us.ibm.com> +Description: + The file /sys/devices/system/memory/memoryX/phys_device + is read-only and is designed to show the name of physical + memory device. Implementation is currently incomplete. +What: /sys/devices/system/memory/memoryX/phys_index +Date: September 2008 +Contact: Badari Pulavarty <pbadari@us.ibm.com> +Description: + The file /sys/devices/system/memory/memoryX/phys_index + is read-only and contains the section ID in hexadecimal + which is equivalent to decimal X contained in the + memory section directory name. + +What: /sys/devices/system/memory/memoryX/state +Date: September 2008 +Contact: Badari Pulavarty <pbadari@us.ibm.com> +Description: + The file /sys/devices/system/memory/memoryX/state + is read-write. When read, it's contents show the + online/offline state of the memory section. When written, + root can toggle the the online/offline state of a removable + memory section (see removable file description above) + using the following commands. + # echo online > /sys/devices/system/memory/memoryX/state + # echo offline > /sys/devices/system/memory/memoryX/state + + For example, if /sys/devices/system/memory/memory22/removable + contains a value of 1 and + /sys/devices/system/memory/memory22/state contains the + string "online" the following command can be executed by + by root to offline that section. + # echo offline > /sys/devices/system/memory/memory22/state Users: hotplug memory remove tools https://w3.opensource.ibm.com/projects/powerpc-utils/ + +What: /sys/devices/system/node/nodeX/memoryY +Date: September 2008 +Contact: Gary Hade <garyhade@us.ibm.com> +Description: + When CONFIG_NUMA is enabled + /sys/devices/system/node/nodeX/memoryY is a symbolic link that + points to the corresponding /sys/devices/system/memory/memoryY + memory section directory. For example, the following symbolic + link is created for memory section 9 on node0. + /sys/devices/system/node/node0/memory9 -> ../../memory/memory9 + diff --git a/Documentation/DMA-mapping.txt b/Documentation/DMA-mapping.txt index c74fec8..b2a4d6d 100644 --- a/Documentation/DMA-mapping.txt +++ b/Documentation/DMA-mapping.txt @@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ mapped only for the time they are actually used and unmapped after the DMA transfer. The following API will work of course even on platforms where no such -hardware exists, see e.g. include/asm-i386/pci.h for how it is implemented on +hardware exists, see e.g. arch/x86/include/asm/pci.h for how it is implemented on top of the virt_to_bus interface. First of all, you should make sure diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/Makefile b/Documentation/DocBook/Makefile index 0a08126..dc3154e 100644 --- a/Documentation/DocBook/Makefile +++ b/Documentation/DocBook/Makefile @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ DOCBOOKS := z8530book.xml mcabook.xml \ kernel-api.xml filesystems.xml lsm.xml usb.xml kgdb.xml \ gadget.xml libata.xml mtdnand.xml librs.xml rapidio.xml \ genericirq.xml s390-drivers.xml uio-howto.xml scsi.xml \ - mac80211.xml debugobjects.xml sh.xml + mac80211.xml debugobjects.xml sh.xml regulator.xml ### # The build process is as follows (targets): diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/networking.tmpl b/Documentation/DocBook/networking.tmpl index 627707a..59ad69a 100644 --- a/Documentation/DocBook/networking.tmpl +++ b/Documentation/DocBook/networking.tmpl @@ -74,6 +74,14 @@ !Enet/sunrpc/rpcb_clnt.c !Enet/sunrpc/clnt.c </sect1> + <sect1><title>WiMAX</title> +!Enet/wimax/op-msg.c +!Enet/wimax/op-reset.c +!Enet/wimax/op-rfkill.c +!Enet/wimax/stack.c +!Iinclude/net/wimax.h +!Iinclude/linux/wimax.h + </sect1> </chapter> <chapter id="netdev"> diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/regulator.tmpl b/Documentation/DocBook/regulator.tmpl new file mode 100644 index 0000000..53f4f8d --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/DocBook/regulator.tmpl @@ -0,0 +1,304 @@ +<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> +<!DOCTYPE book PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.1.2//EN" + "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.1.2/docbookx.dtd" []> + +<book id="regulator-api"> + <bookinfo> + <title>Voltage and current regulator API</title> + + <authorgroup> + <author> + <firstname>Liam</firstname> + <surname>Girdwood</surname> + <affiliation> + <address> + <email>lrg@slimlogic.co.uk</email> + </address> + </affiliation> + </author> + <author> + <firstname>Mark</firstname> + <surname>Brown</surname> + <affiliation> + <orgname>Wolfson Microelectronics</orgname> + <address> + <email>broonie@opensource.wolfsonmicro.com</email> + </address> + </affiliation> + </author> + </authorgroup> + + <copyright> + <year>2007-2008</year> + <holder>Wolfson Microelectronics</holder> + </copyright> + <copyright> + <year>2008</year> + <holder>Liam Girdwood</holder> + </copyright> + + <legalnotice> + <para> + This documentation is free software; you can redistribute + it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public + License version 2 as published by the Free Software Foundation. + </para> + + <para> + This program is distributed in the hope that it will be + useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied + warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. + See the GNU General Public License for more details. + </para> + + <para> + You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public + License along with this program; if not, write to the Free + Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, + MA 02111-1307 USA + </para> + + <para> + For more details see the file COPYING in the source + distribution of Linux. + </para> + </legalnotice> + </bookinfo> + +<toc></toc> + + <chapter id="intro"> + <title>Introduction</title> + <para> + This framework is designed to provide a standard kernel + interface to control voltage and current regulators. + </para> + <para> + The intention is to allow systems to dynamically control + regulator power output in order to save power and prolong + battery life. This applies to both voltage regulators (where + voltage output is controllable) and current sinks (where current + limit is controllable). + </para> + <para> + Note that additional (and currently more complete) documentation + is available in the Linux kernel source under + <filename>Documentation/power/regulator</filename>. + </para> + + <sect1 id="glossary"> + <title>Glossary</title> + <para> + The regulator API uses a number of terms which may not be + familiar: + </para> + <glossary> + + <glossentry> + <glossterm>Regulator</glossterm> + <glossdef> + <para> + Electronic device that supplies power to other devices. Most + regulators can enable and disable their output and some can also + control their output voltage or current. + </para> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry> + <glossterm>Consumer</glossterm> + <glossdef> + <para> + Electronic device which consumes power provided by a regulator. + These may either be static, requiring only a fixed supply, or + dynamic, requiring active management of the regulator at + runtime. + </para> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry> + <glossterm>Power Domain</glossterm> + <glossdef> + <para> + The electronic circuit supplied by a given regulator, including + the regulator and all consumer devices. The configuration of + the regulator is shared between all the components in the + circuit. + </para> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry> + <glossterm>Power Management Integrated Circuit</glossterm> + <acronym>PMIC</acronym> + <glossdef> + <para> + An IC which contains numerous regulators and often also other + subsystems. In an embedded system the primary PMIC is often + equivalent to a combination of the PSU and southbridge in a + desktop system. + </para> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + </glossary> + </sect1> + </chapter> + + <chapter id="consumer"> + <title>Consumer driver interface</title> + <para> + This offers a similar API to the kernel clock framework. + Consumer drivers use <link + linkend='API-regulator-get'>get</link> and <link + linkend='API-regulator-put'>put</link> operations to acquire and + release regulators. Functions are + provided to <link linkend='API-regulator-enable'>enable</link> + and <link linkend='API-regulator-disable'>disable</link> the + reguator and to get and set the runtime parameters of the + regulator. + </para> + <para> + When requesting regulators consumers use symbolic names for their + supplies, such as "Vcc", which are mapped into actual regulator + devices by the machine interface. + </para> + <para> + A stub version of this API is provided when the regulator + framework is not in use in order to minimise the need to use + ifdefs. + </para> + + <sect1 id="consumer-enable"> + <title>Enabling and disabling</title> + <para> + The regulator API provides reference counted enabling and + disabling of regulators. Consumer devices use the <function><link + linkend='API-regulator-enable'>regulator_enable</link></function> + and <function><link + linkend='API-regulator-disable'>regulator_disable</link> + </function> functions to enable and disable regulators. Calls + to the two functions must be balanced. + </para> + <para> + Note that since multiple consumers may be using a regulator and + machine constraints may not allow the regulator to be disabled + there is no guarantee that calling + <function>regulator_disable</function> will actually cause the + supply provided by the regulator to be disabled. Consumer + drivers should assume that the regulator may be enabled at all + times. + </para> + </sect1> + + <sect1 id="consumer-config"> + <title>Configuration</title> + <para> + Some consumer devices may need to be able to dynamically + configure their supplies. For example, MMC drivers may need to + select the correct operating voltage for their cards. This may + be done while the regulator is enabled or disabled. + </para> + <para> + The <function><link + linkend='API-regulator-set-voltage'>regulator_set_voltage</link> + </function> and <function><link + linkend='API-regulator-set-current-limit' + >regulator_set_current_limit</link> + </function> functions provide the primary interface for this. + Both take ranges of voltages and currents, supporting drivers + that do not require a specific value (eg, CPU frequency scaling + normally permits the CPU to use a wider range of supply + voltages at lower frequencies but does not require that the + supply voltage be lowered). Where an exact value is required + both minimum and maximum values should be identical. + </para> + </sect1> + + <sect1 id="consumer-callback"> + <title>Callbacks</title> + <para> + Callbacks may also be <link + linkend='API-regulator-register-notifier'>registered</link> + for events such as regulation failures. + </para> + </sect1> + </chapter> + + <chapter id="driver"> + <title>Regulator driver interface</title> + <para> + Drivers for regulator chips <link + linkend='API-regulator-register'>register</link> the regulators + with the regulator core, providing operations structures to the + core. A <link + linkend='API-regulator-notifier-call-chain'>notifier</link> interface + allows error conditions to be reported to the core. + </para> + <para> + Registration should be triggered by explicit setup done by the + platform, supplying a <link + linkend='API-struct-regulator-init-data'>struct + regulator_init_data</link> for the regulator containing + <link linkend='machine-constraint'>constraint</link> and + <link linkend='machine-supply'>supply</link> information. + </para> + </chapter> + + <chapter id="machine"> + <title>Machine interface</title> + <para> + This interface provides a way to define how regulators are + connected to consumers on a given system and what the valid + operating parameters are for the system. + </para> + + <sect1 id="machine-supply"> + <title>Supplies</title> + <para> + Regulator supplies are specified using <link + linkend='API-struct-regulator-consumer-supply'>struct + regulator_consumer_supply</link>. This is done at + <link linkend='driver'>driver registration + time</link> as part of the machine constraints. + </para> + </sect1> + + <sect1 id="machine-constraint"> + <title>Constraints</title> + <para> + As well as definining the connections the machine interface + also provides constraints definining the operations that + clients are allowed to perform and the parameters that may be + set. This is required since generally regulator devices will + offer more flexibility than it is safe to use on a given + system, for example supporting higher supply voltages than the + consumers are rated for. + </para> + <para> + This is done at <link linkend='driver'>driver + registration time</link> by providing a <link + linkend='API-struct-regulation-constraints'>struct + regulation_constraints</link>. + </para> + <para> + The constraints may also specify an initial configuration for the + regulator in the constraints, which is particularly useful for + use with static consumers. + </para> + </sect1> + </chapter> + + <chapter id="api"> + <title>API reference</title> + <para> + Due to limitations of the kernel documentation framework and the + existing layout of the source code the entire regulator API is + documented here. + </para> +!Iinclude/linux/regulator/consumer.h +!Iinclude/linux/regulator/machine.h +!Iinclude/linux/regulator/driver.h +!Edrivers/regulator/core.c + </chapter> +</book> diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/uio-howto.tmpl b/Documentation/DocBook/uio-howto.tmpl index df87d1b..b787e47 100644 --- a/Documentation/DocBook/uio-howto.tmpl +++ b/Documentation/DocBook/uio-howto.tmpl @@ -42,6 +42,12 @@ GPL version 2. <revhistory> <revision> + <revnumber>0.6</revnumber> + <date>2008-12-05</date> + <authorinitials>hjk</authorinitials> + <revremark>Added description of portio sysfs attributes.</revremark> + </revision> + <revision> <revnumber>0.5</revnumber> <date>2008-05-22</date> <authorinitials>hjk</authorinitials> @@ -318,6 +324,54 @@ interested in translating it, please email me offset = N * getpagesize(); </programlisting> +<para> + Sometimes there is hardware with memory-like regions that can not be + mapped with the technique described here, but there are still ways to + access them from userspace. The most common example are x86 ioports. + On x86 systems, userspace can access these ioports using + <function>ioperm()</function>, <function>iopl()</function>, + <function>inb()</function>, <function>outb()</function>, and similar + functions. +</para> +<para> + Since these ioport regions can not be mapped, they will not appear under + <filename>/sys/class/uio/uioX/maps/</filename> like the normal memory + described above. Without information about the port regions a hardware + has to offer, it becomes difficult for the userspace part of the + driver to find out which ports belong to which UIO device. +</para> +<para> + To address this situation, the new directory + <filename>/sys/class/uio/uioX/portio/</filename> was added. It only + exists if the driver wants to pass information about one or more port + regions to userspace. If that is the case, subdirectories named + <filename>port0</filename>, <filename>port1</filename>, and so on, + will appear underneath + <filename>/sys/class/uio/uioX/portio/</filename>. +</para> +<para> + Each <filename>portX/</filename> directory contains three read-only + files that show start, size, and type of the port region: +</para> +<itemizedlist> +<listitem> + <para> + <filename>start</filename>: The first port of this region. + </para> +</listitem> +<listitem> + <para> + <filename>size</filename>: The number of ports in this region. + </para> +</listitem> +<listitem> + <para> + <filename>porttype</filename>: A string describing the type of port. + </para> +</listitem> +</itemizedlist> + + </sect1> </chapter> @@ -339,12 +393,12 @@ offset = N * getpagesize(); <itemizedlist> <listitem><para> -<varname>char *name</varname>: Required. The name of your driver as +<varname>const char *name</varname>: Required. The name of your driver as it will appear in sysfs. I recommend using the name of your module for this. </para></listitem> <listitem><para> -<varname>char *version</varname>: Required. This string appears in +<varname>const char *version</varname>: Required. This string appears in <filename>/sys/class/uio/uioX/version</filename>. </para></listitem> @@ -356,6 +410,13 @@ See the description below for details. </para></listitem> <listitem><para> +<varname>struct uio_port port[ MAX_UIO_PORTS_REGIONS ]</varname>: Required +if you want to pass information about ioports to userspace. For each port +region you need to fill one of the <varname>uio_port</varname> structures. +See the description below for details. +</para></listitem> + +<listitem><para> <varname>long irq</varname>: Required. If your hardware generates an interrupt, it's your modules task to determine the irq number during initialization. If you don't have a hardware generated interrupt but @@ -448,6 +509,42 @@ Please do not touch the <varname>kobj</varname> element of <varname>struct uio_mem</varname>! It is used by the UIO framework to set up sysfs files for this mapping. Simply leave it alone. </para> + +<para> +Sometimes, your device can have one or more port regions which can not be +mapped to userspace. But if there are other possibilities for userspace to +access these ports, it makes sense to make information about the ports +available in sysfs. For each region, you have to set up a +<varname>struct uio_port</varname> in the <varname>port[]</varname> array. +Here's a description of the fields of <varname>struct uio_port</varname>: +</para> + +<itemizedlist> +<listitem><para> +<varname>char *porttype</varname>: Required. Set this to one of the predefined +constants. Use <varname>UIO_PORT_X86</varname> for the ioports found in x86 +architectures. +</para></listitem> + +<listitem><para> +<varname>unsigned long start</varname>: Required if the port region is used. +Fill in the number of the first port of this region. +</para></listitem> + +<listitem><para> +<varname>unsigned long size</varname>: Fill in the number of ports in this +region. If <varname>size</varname> is zero, the region is considered unused. +Note that you <emphasis>must</emphasis> initialize <varname>size</varname> +with zero for all unused regions. +</para></listitem> +</itemizedlist> + +<para> +Please do not touch the <varname>portio</varname> element of +<varname>struct uio_port</varname>! It is used internally by the UIO +framework to set up sysfs files for this region. Simply leave it alone. +</para> + </sect1> <sect1 id="adding_irq_handler"> diff --git a/Documentation/PCI/pci.txt b/Documentation/PCI/pci.txt index fd4907a..7f6de6e 100644 --- a/Documentation/PCI/pci.txt +++ b/Documentation/PCI/pci.txt @@ -294,7 +294,8 @@ NOTE: pci_enable_device() can fail! Check the return value. pci_set_master() will enable DMA by setting the bus master bit in the PCI_COMMAND register. It also fixes the latency timer value if -it's set to something bogus by the BIOS. +it's set to something bogus by the BIOS. pci_clear_master() will +disable DMA by clearing the bus master bit. If the PCI device can use the PCI Memory-Write-Invalidate transaction, call pci_set_mwi(). This enables the PCI_COMMAND bit for Mem-Wr-Inval diff --git a/Documentation/RCU/00-INDEX b/Documentation/RCU/00-INDEX index 461481d..9bb62f7 100644 --- a/Documentation/RCU/00-INDEX +++ b/Documentation/RCU/00-INDEX @@ -12,10 +12,14 @@ rcuref.txt - Reference-count design for elements of lists/arrays protected by RCU rcu.txt - RCU Concepts +rcubarrier.txt + - Unloading modules that use RCU callbacks RTFP.txt - List of RCU papers (bibliography) going back to 1980. torture.txt - RCU Torture Test Operation (CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST) +trace.txt + - CONFIG_RCU_TRACE debugfs files and formats UP.txt - RCU on Uniprocessor Systems whatisRCU.txt diff --git a/Documentation/RCU/rcubarrier.txt b/Documentation/RCU/rcubarrier.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..909602d --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/RCU/rcubarrier.txt @@ -0,0 +1,304 @@ +RCU and Unloadable Modules + +[Originally published in LWN Jan. 14, 2007: http://lwn.net/Articles/217484/] + +RCU (read-copy update) is a synchronization mechanism that can be thought +of as a replacement for read-writer locking (among other things), but with +very low-overhead readers that are immune to deadlock, priority inversion, +and unbounded latency. RCU read-side critical sections are delimited +by rcu_read_lock() and rcu_read_unlock(), which, in non-CONFIG_PREEMPT +kernels, generate no code whatsoever. + +This means that RCU writers are unaware of the presence of concurrent +readers, so that RCU updates to shared data must be undertaken quite +carefully, leaving an old version of the data structure in place until all +pre-existing readers have finished. These old versions are needed because +such readers might hold a reference to them. RCU updates can therefore be +rather expensive, and RCU is thus best suited for read-mostly situations. + +How can an RCU writer possibly determine when all readers are finished, +given that readers might well leave absolutely no trace of their +presence? There is a synchronize_rcu() primitive that blocks until all +pre-existing readers have completed. An updater wishing to delete an +element p from a linked list might do the following, while holding an +appropriate lock, of course: + + list_del_rcu(p); + synchronize_rcu(); + kfree(p); + +But the above code cannot be used in IRQ context -- the call_rcu() +primitive must be used instead. This primitive takes a pointer to an +rcu_head struct placed within the RCU-protected data structure and +another pointer to a function that may be invoked later to free that +structure. Code to delete an element p from the linked list from IRQ +context might then be as follows: + + list_del_rcu(p); + call_rcu(&p->rcu, p_callback); + +Since call_rcu() never blocks, this code can safely be used from within +IRQ context. The function p_callback() might be defined as follows: + + static void p_callback(struct rcu_head *rp) + { + struct pstruct *p = container_of(rp, struct pstruct, rcu); + + kfree(p); + } + + +Unloading Modules That Use call_rcu() + +But what if p_callback is defined in an unloadable module? + +If we unload the module while some RCU callbacks are pending, +the CPUs executing these callbacks are going to be severely +disappointed when they are later invoked, as fancifully depicted at +http://lwn.net/images/ns/kernel/rcu-drop.jpg. + +We could try placing a synchronize_rcu() in the module-exit code path, +but this is not sufficient. Although synchronize_rcu() does wait for a +grace period to elapse, it does not wait for the callbacks to complete. + +One might be tempted to try several back-to-back synchronize_rcu() +calls, but this is still not guaranteed to work. If there is a very +heavy RCU-callback load, then some of the callbacks might be deferred +in order to allow other processing to proceed. Such deferral is required +in realtime kernels in order to avoid excessive scheduling latencies. + + +rcu_barrier() + +We instead need the rcu_barrier() primitive. This primitive is similar +to synchronize_rcu(), but instead of waiting solely for a grace +period to elapse, it also waits for all outstanding RCU callbacks to +complete. Pseudo-code using rcu_barrier() is as follows: + + 1. Prevent any new RCU callbacks from being posted. + 2. Execute rcu_barrier(). + 3. Allow the module to be unloaded. + +Quick Quiz #1: Why is there no srcu_barrier()? + +The rcutorture module makes use of rcu_barrier in its exit function +as follows: + + 1 static void + 2 rcu_torture_cleanup(void) + 3 { + 4 int i; + 5 + 6 fullstop = 1; + 7 if (shuffler_task != NULL) { + 8 VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("Stopping rcu_torture_shuffle task"); + 9 kthread_stop(shuffler_task); +10 } +11 shuffler_task = NULL; +12 +13 if (writer_task != NULL) { +14 VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("Stopping rcu_torture_writer task"); +15 kthread_stop(writer_task); +16 } +17 writer_task = NULL; +18 +19 if (reader_tasks != NULL) { +20 for (i = 0; i < nrealreaders; i++) { +21 if (reader_tasks[i] != NULL) { +22 VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING( +23 "Stopping rcu_torture_reader task"); +24 kthread_stop(reader_tasks[i]); +25 } +26 reader_tasks[i] = NULL; +27 } +28 kfree(reader_tasks); +29 reader_tasks = NULL; +30 } +31 rcu_torture_current = NULL; +32 +33 if (fakewriter_tasks != NULL) { +34 for (i = 0; i < nfakewriters; i++) { +35 if (fakewriter_tasks[i] != NULL) { +36 VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING( +37 "Stopping rcu_torture_fakewriter task"); +38 kthread_stop(fakewriter_tasks[i]); +39 } +40 fakewriter_tasks[i] = NULL; +41 } +42 kfree(fakewriter_tasks); +43 fakewriter_tasks = NULL; +44 } +45 +46 if (stats_task != NULL) { +47 VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("Stopping rcu_torture_stats task"); +48 kthread_stop(stats_task); +49 } +50 stats_task = NULL; +51 +52 /* Wait for all RCU callbacks to fire. */ +53 rcu_barrier(); +54 +55 rcu_torture_stats_print(); /* -After- the stats thread is stopped! */ +56 +57 if (cur_ops->cleanup != NULL) +58 cur_ops->cleanup(); +59 if (atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_error)) +60 rcu_torture_print_module_parms("End of test: FAILURE"); +61 else +62 rcu_torture_print_module_parms("End of test: SUCCESS"); +63 } + +Line 6 sets a global variable that prevents any RCU callbacks from +re-posting themselves. This will not be necessary in most cases, since +RCU callbacks rarely include calls to call_rcu(). However, the rcutorture +module is an exception to this rule, and therefore needs to set this +global variable. + +Lines 7-50 stop all the kernel tasks associated with the rcutorture +module. Therefore, once execution reaches line 53, no more rcutorture +RCU callbacks will be posted. The rcu_barrier() call on line 53 waits +for any pre-existing callbacks to complete. + +Then lines 55-62 print status and do operation-specific cleanup, and +then return, permitting the module-unload operation to be completed. + +Quick Quiz #2: Is there any other situation where rcu_barrier() might + be required? + +Your module might have additional complications. For example, if your +module invokes call_rcu() from timers, you will need to first cancel all +the timers, and only then invoke rcu_barrier() to wait for any remaining +RCU callbacks to complete. + + +Implementing rcu_barrier() + +Dipankar Sarma's implementation of rcu_barrier() makes use of the fact +that RCU callbacks are never reordered once queued on one of the per-CPU +queues. His implementation queues an RCU callback on each of the per-CPU +callback queues, and then waits until they have all started executing, at +which point, all earlier RCU callbacks are guaranteed to have completed. + +The original code for rcu_barrier() was as follows: + + 1 void rcu_barrier(void) + 2 { + 3 BUG_ON(in_interrupt()); + 4 /* Take cpucontrol mutex to protect against CPU hotplug */ + 5 mutex_lock(&rcu_barrier_mutex); + 6 init_completion(&rcu_barrier_completion); + 7 atomic_set(&rcu_barrier_cpu_count, 0); + 8 on_each_cpu(rcu_barrier_func, NULL, 0, 1); + 9 wait_for_completion(&rcu_barrier_completion); +10 mutex_unlock(&rcu_barrier_mutex); +11 } + +Line 3 verifies that the caller is in process context, and lines 5 and 10 +use rcu_barrier_mutex to ensure that only one rcu_barrier() is using the +global completion and counters at a time, which are initialized on lines +6 and 7. Line 8 causes each CPU to invoke rcu_barrier_func(), which is +shown below. Note that the final "1" in on_each_cpu()'s argument list +ensures that all the calls to rcu_barrier_func() will have completed +before on_each_cpu() returns. Line 9 then waits for the completion. + +This code was rewritten in 2008 to support rcu_barrier_bh() and +rcu_barrier_sched() in addition to the original rcu_barrier(). + +The rcu_barrier_func() runs on each CPU, where it invokes call_rcu() +to post an RCU callback, as follows: + + 1 static void rcu_barrier_func(void *notused) + 2 { + 3 int cpu = smp_processor_id(); + 4 struct rcu_data *rdp = &per_cpu(rcu_data, cpu); + 5 struct rcu_head *head; + 6 + 7 head = &rdp->barrier; + 8 atomic_inc(&rcu_barrier_cpu_count); + 9 call_rcu(head, rcu_barrier_callback); +10 } + +Lines 3 and 4 locate RCU's internal per-CPU rcu_data structure, +which contains the struct rcu_head that needed for the later call to +call_rcu(). Line 7 picks up a pointer to this struct rcu_head, and line +8 increments a global counter. This counter will later be decremented +by the callback. Line 9 then registers the rcu_barrier_callback() on +the current CPU's queue. + +The rcu_barrier_callback() function simply atomically decrements the +rcu_barrier_cpu_count variable and finalizes the completion when it +reaches zero, as follows: + + 1 static void rcu_barrier_callback(struct rcu_head *notused) + 2 { + 3 if (atomic_dec_and_test(&rcu_barrier_cpu_count)) + 4 complete(&rcu_barrier_completion); + 5 } + +Quick Quiz #3: What happens if CPU 0's rcu_barrier_func() executes + immediately (thus incrementing rcu_barrier_cpu_count to the + value one), but the other CPU's rcu_barrier_func() invocations + are delayed for a full grace period? Couldn't this result in + rcu_barrier() returning prematurely? + + +rcu_barrier() Summary + +The rcu_barrier() primitive has seen relatively little use, since most +code using RCU is in the core kernel rather than in modules. However, if +you are using RCU from an unloadable module, you need to use rcu_barrier() +so that your module may be safely unloaded. + + +Answers to Quick Quizzes + +Quick Quiz #1: Why is there no srcu_barrier()? + +Answer: Since there is no call_srcu(), there can be no outstanding SRCU + callbacks. Therefore, there is no need to wait for them. + +Quick Quiz #2: Is there any other situation where rcu_barrier() might + be required? + +Answer: Interestingly enough, rcu_barrier() was not originally + implemented for module unloading. Nikita Danilov was using + RCU in a filesystem, which resulted in a similar situation at + filesystem-unmount time. Dipankar Sarma coded up rcu_barrier() + in response, so that Nikita could invoke it during the + filesystem-unmount process. + + Much later, yours truly hit the RCU module-unload problem when + implementing rcutorture, and found that rcu_barrier() solves + this problem as well. + +Quick Quiz #3: What happens if CPU 0's rcu_barrier_func() executes + immediately (thus incrementing rcu_barrier_cpu_count to the + value one), but the other CPU's rcu_barrier_func() invocations + are delayed for a full grace period? Couldn't this result in + rcu_barrier() returning prematurely? + +Answer: This cannot happen. The reason is that on_each_cpu() has its last + argument, the wait flag, set to "1". This flag is passed through + to smp_call_function() and further to smp_call_function_on_cpu(), + causing this latter to spin until the cross-CPU invocation of + rcu_barrier_func() has completed. This by itself would prevent + a grace period from completing on non-CONFIG_PREEMPT kernels, + since each CPU must undergo a context switch (or other quiescent + state) before the grace period can complete. However, this is + of no use in CONFIG_PREEMPT kernels. + + Therefore, on_each_cpu() disables preemption across its call + to smp_call_function() and also across the local call to + rcu_barrier_func(). This prevents the local CPU from context + switching, again preventing grace periods from completing. This + means that all CPUs have executed rcu_barrier_func() before + the first rcu_barrier_callback() can possibly execute, in turn + preventing rcu_barrier_cpu_count from prematurely reaching zero. + + Currently, -rt implementations of RCU keep but a single global + queue for RCU callbacks, and thus do not suffer from this + problem. However, when the -rt RCU eventually does have per-CPU + callback queues, things will have to change. One simple change + is to add an rcu_read_lock() before line 8 of rcu_barrier() + and an rcu_read_unlock() after line 8 of this same function. If + you can think of a better change, please let me know! diff --git a/Documentation/RCU/trace.txt b/Documentation/RCU/trace.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0688482 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/RCU/trace.txt @@ -0,0 +1,413 @@ +CONFIG_RCU_TRACE debugfs Files and Formats + + +The rcupreempt and rcutree implementations of RCU provide debugfs trace +output that summarizes counters and state. This information is useful for +debugging RCU itself, and can sometimes also help to debug abuses of RCU. +Note that the rcuclassic implementation of RCU does not provide debugfs +trace output. + +The following sections describe the debugfs files and formats for +preemptable RCU (rcupreempt) and hierarchical RCU (rcutree). + + +Preemptable RCU debugfs Files and Formats + +This implementation of RCU provides three debugfs files under the +top-level directory RCU: rcu/rcuctrs (which displays the per-CPU +counters used by preemptable RCU) rcu/rcugp (which displays grace-period +counters), and rcu/rcustats (which internal counters for debugging RCU). + +The output of "cat rcu/rcuctrs" looks as follows: + +CPU last cur F M + 0 5 -5 0 0 + 1 -1 0 0 0 + 2 0 1 0 0 + 3 0 1 0 0 + 4 0 1 0 0 + 5 0 1 0 0 + 6 0 2 0 0 + 7 0 -1 0 0 + 8 0 1 0 0 +ggp = 26226, state = waitzero + +The per-CPU fields are as follows: + +o "CPU" gives the CPU number. Offline CPUs are not displayed. + +o "last" gives the value of the counter that is being decremented + for the current grace period phase. In the example above, + the counters sum to 4, indicating that there are still four + RCU read-side critical sections still running that started + before the last counter flip. + +o "cur" gives the value of the counter that is currently being + both incremented (by rcu_read_lock()) and decremented (by + rcu_read_unlock()). In the example above, the counters sum to + 1, indicating that there is only one RCU read-side critical section + still running that started after the last counter flip. + +o "F" indicates whether RCU is waiting for this CPU to acknowledge + a counter flip. In the above example, RCU is not waiting on any, + which is consistent with the state being "waitzero" rather than + "waitack". + +o "M" indicates whether RCU is waiting for this CPU to execute a + memory barrier. In the above example, RCU is not waiting on any, + which is consistent with the state being "waitzero" rather than + "waitmb". + +o "ggp" is the global grace-period counter. + +o "state" is the RCU state, which can be one of the following: + + o "idle": there is no grace period in progress. + + o "waitack": RCU just incremented the global grace-period + counter, which has the effect of reversing the roles of + the "last" and "cur" counters above, and is waiting for + all the CPUs to acknowledge the flip. Once the flip has + been acknowledged, CPUs will no longer be incrementing + what are now the "last" counters, so that their sum will + decrease monotonically down to zero. + + o "waitzero": RCU is waiting for the sum of the "last" counters + to decrease to zero. + + o "waitmb": RCU is waiting for each CPU to execute a memory + barrier, which ensures that instructions from a given CPU's + last RCU read-side critical section cannot be reordered + with instructions following the memory-barrier instruction. + +The output of "cat rcu/rcugp" looks as follows: + +oldggp=48870 newggp=48873 + +Note that reading from this file provokes a synchronize_rcu(). The +"oldggp" value is that of "ggp" from rcu/rcuctrs above, taken before +executing the synchronize_rcu(), and the "newggp" value is also the +"ggp" value, but taken after the synchronize_rcu() command returns. + + +The output of "cat rcu/rcugp" looks as follows: + +na=1337955 nl=40 wa=1337915 wl=44 da=1337871 dl=0 dr=1337871 di=1337871 +1=50989 e1=6138 i1=49722 ie1=82 g1=49640 a1=315203 ae1=265563 a2=49640 +z1=1401244 ze1=1351605 z2=49639 m1=5661253 me1=5611614 m2=49639 + +These are counters tracking internal preemptable-RCU events, however, +some of them may be useful for debugging algorithms using RCU. In +particular, the "nl", "wl", and "dl" values track the number of RCU +callbacks in various states. The fields are as follows: + +o "na" is the total number of RCU callbacks that have been enqueued + since boot. + +o "nl" is the number of RCU callbacks waiting for the previous + grace period to end so that they can start waiting on the next + grace period. + +o "wa" is the total number of RCU callbacks that have started waiting + for a grace period since boot. "na" should be roughly equal to + "nl" plus "wa". + +o "wl" is the number of RCU callbacks currently waiting for their + grace period to end. + +o "da" is the total number of RCU callbacks whose grace periods + have completed since boot. "wa" should be roughly equal to + "wl" plus "da". + +o "dr" is the total number of RCU callbacks that have been removed + from the list of callbacks ready to invoke. "dr" should be roughly + equal to "da". + +o "di" is the total number of RCU callbacks that have been invoked + since boot. "di" should be roughly equal to "da", though some + early versions of preemptable RCU had a bug so that only the + last CPU's count of invocations was displayed, rather than the + sum of all CPU's counts. + +o "1" is the number of calls to rcu_try_flip(). This should be + roughly equal to the sum of "e1", "i1", "a1", "z1", and "m1" + described below. In other words, the number of times that + the state machine is visited should be equal to the sum of the + number of times that each state is visited plus the number of + times that the state-machine lock acquisition failed. + +o "e1" is the number of times that rcu_try_flip() was unable to + acquire the fliplock. + +o "i1" is the number of calls to rcu_try_flip_idle(). + +o "ie1" is the number of times rcu_try_flip_idle() exited early + due to the calling CPU having no work for RCU. + +o "g1" is the number of times that rcu_try_flip_idle() decided + to start a new grace period. "i1" should be roughly equal to + "ie1" plus "g1". + +o "a1" is the number of calls to rcu_try_flip_waitack(). + +o "ae1" is the number of times that rcu_try_flip_waitack() found + that at least one CPU had not yet acknowledge the new grace period + (AKA "counter flip"). + +o "a2" is the number of time rcu_try_flip_waitack() found that + all CPUs had acknowledged. "a1" should be roughly equal to + "ae1" plus "a2". (This particular output was collected on + a 128-CPU machine, hence the smaller-than-usual fraction of + calls to rcu_try_flip_waitack() finding all CPUs having already + acknowledged.) + +o "z1" is the number of calls to rcu_try_flip_waitzero(). + +o "ze1" is the number of times that rcu_try_flip_waitzero() found + that not all of the old RCU read-side critical sections had + completed. + +o "z2" is the number of times that rcu_try_flip_waitzero() finds + the sum of the counters equal to zero, in other words, that + all of the old RCU read-side critical sections had completed. + The value of "z1" should be roughly equal to "ze1" plus + "z2". + +o "m1" is the number of calls to rcu_try_flip_waitmb(). + +o "me1" is the number of times that rcu_try_flip_waitmb() finds + that at least one CPU has not yet executed a memory barrier. + +o "m2" is the number of times that rcu_try_flip_waitmb() finds that + all CPUs have executed a memory barrier. + + +Hierarchical RCU debugfs Files and Formats + +This implementation of RCU provides three debugfs files under the +top-level directory RCU: rcu/rcudata (which displays fields in struct +rcu_data), rcu/rcugp (which displays grace-period counters), and +rcu/rcuhier (which displays the struct rcu_node hierarchy). + +The output of "cat rcu/rcudata" looks as follows: + +rcu: + 0 c=4011 g=4012 pq=1 pqc=4011 qp=0 rpfq=1 rp=3c2a dt=23301/73 dn=2 df=1882 of=0 ri=2126 ql=2 b=10 + 1 c=4011 g=4012 pq=1 pqc=4011 qp=0 rpfq=3 rp=39a6 dt=78073/1 dn=2 df=1402 of=0 ri=1875 ql=46 b=10 + 2 c=4010 g=4010 pq=1 pqc=4010 qp=0 rpfq=-5 rp=1d12 dt=16646/0 dn=2 df=3140 of=0 ri=2080 ql=0 b=10 + 3 c=4012 g=4013 pq=1 pqc=4012 qp=1 rpfq=3 rp=2b50 dt=21159/1 dn=2 df=2230 of=0 ri=1923 ql=72 b=10 + 4 c=4012 g=4013 pq=1 pqc=4012 qp=1 rpfq=3 rp=1644 dt=5783/1 dn=2 df=3348 of=0 ri=2805 ql=7 b=10 + 5 c=4012 g=4013 pq=0 pqc=4011 qp=1 rpfq=3 rp=1aac dt=5879/1 dn=2 df=3140 of=0 ri=2066 ql=10 b=10 + 6 c=4012 g=4013 pq=1 pqc=4012 qp=1 rpfq=3 rp=ed8 dt=5847/1 dn=2 df=3797 of=0 ri=1266 ql=10 b=10 + 7 c=4012 g=4013 pq=1 pqc=4012 qp=1 rpfq=3 rp=1fa2 dt=6199/1 dn=2 df=2795 of=0 ri=2162 ql=28 b=10 +rcu_bh: + 0 c=-268 g=-268 pq=1 pqc=-268 qp=0 rpfq=-145 rp=21d6 dt=23301/73 dn=2 df=0 of=0 ri=0 ql=0 b=10 + 1 c=-268 g=-268 pq=1 pqc=-268 qp=1 rpfq=-170 rp=20ce dt=78073/1 dn=2 df=26 of=0 ri=5 ql=0 b=10 + 2 c=-268 g=-268 pq=1 pqc=-268 qp=1 rpfq=-83 rp=fbd dt=16646/0 dn=2 df=28 of=0 ri=4 ql=0 b=10 + 3 c=-268 g=-268 pq=1 pqc=-268 qp=0 rpfq=-105 rp=178c dt=21159/1 dn=2 df=28 of=0 ri=2 ql=0 b=10 + 4 c=-268 g=-268 pq=1 pqc=-268 qp=1 rpfq=-30 rp=b54 dt=5783/1 dn=2 df=32 of=0 ri=0 ql=0 b=10 + 5 c=-268 g=-268 pq=1 pqc=-268 qp=1 rpfq=-29 rp=df5 dt=5879/1 dn=2 df=30 of=0 ri=3 ql=0 b=10 + 6 c=-268 g=-268 pq=1 pqc=-268 qp=1 rpfq=-28 rp=788 dt=5847/1 dn=2 df=32 of=0 ri=0 ql=0 b=10 + 7 c=-268 g=-268 pq=1 pqc=-268 qp=1 rpfq=-53 rp=1098 dt=6199/1 dn=2 df=30 of=0 ri=3 ql=0 b=10 + +The first section lists the rcu_data structures for rcu, the second for +rcu_bh. Each section has one line per CPU, or eight for this 8-CPU system. +The fields are as follows: + +o The number at the beginning of each line is the CPU number. + CPUs numbers followed by an exclamation mark are offline, + but have been online at least once since boot. There will be + no output for CPUs that have never been online, which can be + a good thing in the surprisingly common case where NR_CPUS is + substantially larger than the number of actual CPUs. + +o "c" is the count of grace periods that this CPU believes have + completed. CPUs in dynticks idle mode may lag quite a ways + behind, for example, CPU 4 under "rcu" above, which has slept + through the past 25 RCU grace periods. It is not unusual to + see CPUs lagging by thousands of grace periods. + +o "g" is the count of grace periods that this CPU believes have + started. Again, CPUs in dynticks idle mode may lag behind. + If the "c" and "g" values are equal, this CPU has already + reported a quiescent state for the last RCU grace period that + it is aware of, otherwise, the CPU believes that it owes RCU a + quiescent state. + +o "pq" indicates that this CPU has passed through a quiescent state + for the current grace period. It is possible for "pq" to be + "1" and "c" different than "g", which indicates that although + the CPU has passed through a quiescent state, either (1) this + CPU has not yet reported that fact, (2) some other CPU has not + yet reported for this grace period, or (3) both. + +o "pqc" indicates which grace period the last-observed quiescent + state for this CPU corresponds to. This is important for handling + the race between CPU 0 reporting an extended dynticks-idle + quiescent state for CPU 1 and CPU 1 suddenly waking up and + reporting its own quiescent state. If CPU 1 was the last CPU + for the current grace period, then the CPU that loses this race + will attempt to incorrectly mark CPU 1 as having checked in for + the next grace period! + +o "qp" indicates that RCU still expects a quiescent state from + this CPU. + +o "rpfq" is the number of rcu_pending() calls on this CPU required + to induce this CPU to invoke force_quiescent_state(). + +o "rp" is low-order four hex digits of the count of how many times + rcu_pending() has been invoked on this CPU. + +o "dt" is the current value of the dyntick counter that is incremented + when entering or leaving dynticks idle state, either by the + scheduler or by irq. The number after the "/" is the interrupt + nesting depth when in dyntick-idle state, or one greater than + the interrupt-nesting depth otherwise. + + This field is displayed only for CONFIG_NO_HZ kernels. + +o "dn" is the current value of the dyntick counter that is incremented + when entering or leaving dynticks idle state via NMI. If both + the "dt" and "dn" values are even, then this CPU is in dynticks + idle mode and may be ignored by RCU. If either of these two + counters is odd, then RCU must be alert to the possibility of + an RCU read-side critical section running on this CPU. + + This field is displayed only for CONFIG_NO_HZ kernels. + +o "df" is the number of times that some other CPU has forced a + quiescent state on behalf of this CPU due to this CPU being in + dynticks-idle state. + + This field is displayed only for CONFIG_NO_HZ kernels. + +o "of" is the number of times that some other CPU has forced a + quiescent state on behalf of this CPU due to this CPU being + offline. In a perfect world, this might neve happen, but it + turns out that offlining and onlining a CPU can take several grace + periods, and so there is likely to be an extended period of time + when RCU believes that the CPU is online when it really is not. + Please note that erring in the other direction (RCU believing a + CPU is offline when it is really alive and kicking) is a fatal + error, so it makes sense to err conservatively. + +o "ri" is the number of times that RCU has seen fit to send a + reschedule IPI to this CPU in order to get it to report a + quiescent state. + +o "ql" is the number of RCU callbacks currently residing on + this CPU. This is the total number of callbacks, regardless + of what state they are in (new, waiting for grace period to + start, waiting for grace period to end, ready to invoke). + +o "b" is the batch limit for this CPU. If more than this number + of RCU callbacks is ready to invoke, then the remainder will + be deferred. + + +The output of "cat rcu/rcugp" looks as follows: + +rcu: completed=33062 gpnum=33063 +rcu_bh: completed=464 gpnum=464 + +Again, this output is for both "rcu" and "rcu_bh". The fields are +taken from the rcu_state structure, and are as follows: + +o "completed" is the number of grace periods that have completed. + It is comparable to the "c" field from rcu/rcudata in that a + CPU whose "c" field matches the value of "completed" is aware + that the corresponding RCU grace period has completed. + +o "gpnum" is the number of grace periods that have started. It is + comparable to the "g" field from rcu/rcudata in that a CPU + whose "g" field matches the value of "gpnum" is aware that the + corresponding RCU grace period has started. + + If these two fields are equal (as they are for "rcu_bh" above), + then there is no grace period in progress, in other words, RCU + is idle. On the other hand, if the two fields differ (as they + do for "rcu" above), then an RCU grace period is in progress. + + +The output of "cat rcu/rcuhier" looks as follows, with very long lines: + +c=6902 g=6903 s=2 jfq=3 j=72c7 nfqs=13142/nfqsng=0(13142) fqlh=6 +1/1 0:127 ^0 +3/3 0:35 ^0 0/0 36:71 ^1 0/0 72:107 ^2 0/0 108:127 ^3 +3/3f 0:5 ^0 2/3 6:11 ^1 0/0 12:17 ^2 0/0 18:23 ^3 0/0 24:29 ^4 0/0 30:35 ^5 0/0 36:41 ^0 0/0 42:47 ^1 0/0 48:53 ^2 0/0 54:59 ^3 0/0 60:65 ^4 0/0 66:71 ^5 0/0 72:77 ^0 0/0 78:83 ^1 0/0 84:89 ^2 0/0 90:95 ^3 0/0 96:101 ^4 0/0 102:107 ^5 0/0 108:113 ^0 0/0 114:119 ^1 0/0 120:125 ^2 0/0 126:127 ^3 +rcu_bh: +c=-226 g=-226 s=1 jfq=-5701 j=72c7 nfqs=88/nfqsng=0(88) fqlh=0 +0/1 0:127 ^0 +0/3 0:35 ^0 0/0 36:71 ^1 0/0 72:107 ^2 0/0 108:127 ^3 +0/3f 0:5 ^0 0/3 6:11 ^1 0/0 12:17 ^2 0/0 18:23 ^3 0/0 24:29 ^4 0/0 30:35 ^5 0/0 36:41 ^0 0/0 42:47 ^1 0/0 48:53 ^2 0/0 54:59 ^3 0/0 60:65 ^4 0/0 66:71 ^5 0/0 72:77 ^0 0/0 78:83 ^1 0/0 84:89 ^2 0/0 90:95 ^3 0/0 96:101 ^4 0/0 102:107 ^5 0/0 108:113 ^0 0/0 114:119 ^1 0/0 120:125 ^2 0/0 126:127 ^3 + +This is once again split into "rcu" and "rcu_bh" portions. The fields are +as follows: + +o "c" is exactly the same as "completed" under rcu/rcugp. + +o "g" is exactly the same as "gpnum" under rcu/rcugp. + +o "s" is the "signaled" state that drives force_quiescent_state()'s + state machine. + +o "jfq" is the number of jiffies remaining for this grace period + before force_quiescent_state() is invoked to help push things + along. Note that CPUs in dyntick-idle mode thoughout the grace + period will not report on their own, but rather must be check by + some other CPU via force_quiescent_state(). + +o "j" is the low-order four hex digits of the jiffies counter. + Yes, Paul did run into a number of problems that turned out to + be due to the jiffies counter no longer counting. Why do you ask? + +o "nfqs" is the number of calls to force_quiescent_state() since + boot. + +o "nfqsng" is the number of useless calls to force_quiescent_state(), + where there wasn't actually a grace period active. This can + happen due to races. The number in parentheses is the difference + between "nfqs" and "nfqsng", or the number of times that + force_quiescent_state() actually did some real work. + +o "fqlh" is the number of calls to force_quiescent_state() that + exited immediately (without even being counted in nfqs above) + due to contention on ->fqslock. + +o Each element of the form "1/1 0:127 ^0" represents one struct + rcu_node. Each line represents one level of the hierarchy, from + root to leaves. It is best to think of the rcu_data structures + as forming yet another level after the leaves. Note that there + might be either one, two, or three levels of rcu_node structures, + depending on the relationship between CONFIG_RCU_FANOUT and + CONFIG_NR_CPUS. + + o The numbers separated by the "/" are the qsmask followed + by the qsmaskinit. The qsmask will have one bit + set for each entity in the next lower level that + has not yet checked in for the current grace period. + The qsmaskinit will have one bit for each entity that is + currently expected to check in during each grace period. + The value of qsmaskinit is assigned to that of qsmask + at the beginning of each grace period. + + For example, for "rcu", the qsmask of the first entry + of the lowest level is 0x14, meaning that we are still + waiting for CPUs 2 and 4 to check in for the current + grace period. + + o The numbers separated by the ":" are the range of CPUs + served by this struct rcu_node. This can be helpful + in working out how the hierarchy is wired together. + + For example, the first entry at the lowest level shows + "0:5", indicating that it covers CPUs 0 through 5. + + o The number after the "^" indicates the bit in the + next higher level rcu_node structure that this + rcu_node structure corresponds to. + + For example, the first entry at the lowest level shows + "^0", indicating that it corresponds to bit zero in + the first entry at the middle level. diff --git a/Documentation/arm/pxa/mfp.txt b/Documentation/arm/pxa/mfp.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a179e5b --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/arm/pxa/mfp.txt @@ -0,0 +1,286 @@ + MFP Configuration for PXA2xx/PXA3xx Processors + + Eric Miao <eric.miao@marvell.com> + +MFP stands for Multi-Function Pin, which is the pin-mux logic on PXA3xx and +later PXA series processors. This document describes the existing MFP API, +and how board/platform driver authors could make use of it. + + Basic Concept +=============== + +Unlike the GPIO alternate function settings on PXA25x and PXA27x, a new MFP +mechanism is introduced from PXA3xx to completely move the pin-mux functions +out of the GPIO controller. In addition to pin-mux configurations, the MFP +also controls the low power state, driving strength, pull-up/down and event +detection of each pin. Below is a diagram of internal connections between +the MFP logic and the remaining SoC peripherals: + + +--------+ + | |--(GPIO19)--+ + | GPIO | | + | |--(GPIO...) | + +--------+ | + | +---------+ + +--------+ +------>| | + | PWM2 |--(PWM_OUT)-------->| MFP | + +--------+ +------>| |-------> to external PAD + | +---->| | + +--------+ | | +-->| | + | SSP2 |---(TXD)----+ | | +---------+ + +--------+ | | + | | + +--------+ | | + | Keypad |--(MKOUT4)----+ | + +--------+ | + | + +--------+ | + | UART2 |---(TXD)--------+ + +--------+ + +NOTE: the external pad is named as MFP_PIN_GPIO19, it doesn't necessarily +mean it's dedicated for GPIO19, only as a hint that internally this pin +can be routed from GPIO19 of the GPIO controller. + +To better understand the change from PXA25x/PXA27x GPIO alternate function +to this new MFP mechanism, here are several key points: + + 1. GPIO controller on PXA3xx is now a dedicated controller, same as other + internal controllers like PWM, SSP and UART, with 128 internal signals + which can be routed to external through one or more MFPs (e.g. GPIO<0> + can be routed through either MFP_PIN_GPIO0 as well as MFP_PIN_GPIO0_2, + see arch/arm/mach-pxa/mach/include/mfp-pxa300.h) + + 2. Alternate function configuration is removed from this GPIO controller, + the remaining functions are pure GPIO-specific, i.e. + + - GPIO signal level control + - GPIO direction control + - GPIO level change detection + + 3. Low power state for each pin is now controlled by MFP, this means the + PGSRx registers on PXA2xx are now useless on PXA3xx + + 4. Wakeup detection is now controlled by MFP, PWER does not control the + wakeup from GPIO(s) any more, depending on the sleeping state, ADxER + (as defined in pxa3xx-regs.h) controls the wakeup from MFP + +NOTE: with such a clear separation of MFP and GPIO, by GPIO<xx> we normally +mean it is a GPIO signal, and by MFP<xxx> or pin xxx, we mean a physical +pad (or ball). + + MFP API Usage +=============== + +For board code writers, here are some guidelines: + +1. include ONE of the following header files in your <board>.c: + + - #include <mach/mfp-pxa25x.h> + - #include <mach/mfp-pxa27x.h> + - #include <mach/mfp-pxa300.h> + - #include <mach/mfp-pxa320.h> + - #include <mach/mfp-pxa930.h> + + NOTE: only one file in your <board>.c, depending on the processors used, + because pin configuration definitions may conflict in these file (i.e. + same name, different meaning and settings on different processors). E.g. + for zylonite platform, which support both PXA300/PXA310 and PXA320, two + separate files are introduced: zylonite_pxa300.c and zylonite_pxa320.c + (in addition to handle MFP configuration differences, they also handle + the other differences between the two combinations). + + NOTE: PXA300 and PXA310 are almost identical in pin configurations (with + PXA310 supporting some additional ones), thus the difference is actually + covered in a single mfp-pxa300.h. + +2. prepare an array for the initial pin configurations, e.g.: + + static unsigned long mainstone_pin_config[] __initdata = { + /* Chip Select */ + GPIO15_nCS_1, + + /* LCD - 16bpp Active TFT */ + GPIOxx_TFT_LCD_16BPP, + GPIO16_PWM0_OUT, /* Backlight */ + + /* MMC */ + GPIO32_MMC_CLK, + GPIO112_MMC_CMD, + GPIO92_MMC_DAT_0, + GPIO109_MMC_DAT_1, + GPIO110_MMC_DAT_2, + GPIO111_MMC_DAT_3, + + ... + + /* GPIO */ + GPIO1_GPIO | WAKEUP_ON_EDGE_BOTH, + }; + + a) once the pin configurations are passed to pxa{2xx,3xx}_mfp_config(), + and written to the actual registers, they are useless and may discard, + adding '__initdata' will help save some additional bytes here. + + b) when there is only one possible pin configurations for a component, + some simplified definitions can be used, e.g. GPIOxx_TFT_LCD_16BPP on + PXA25x and PXA27x processors + + c) if by board design, a pin can be configured to wake up the system + from low power state, it can be 'OR'ed with any of: + + WAKEUP_ON_EDGE_BOTH + WAKEUP_ON_EDGE_RISE + WAKEUP_ON_EDGE_FALL + WAKEUP_ON_LEVEL_HIGH - specifically for enabling of keypad GPIOs, + + to indicate that this pin has the capability of wake-up the system, + and on which edge(s). This, however, doesn't necessarily mean the + pin _will_ wakeup the system, it will only when set_irq_wake() is + invoked with the corresponding GPIO IRQ (GPIO_IRQ(xx) or gpio_to_irq()) + and eventually calls gpio_set_wake() for the actual register setting. + + d) although PXA3xx MFP supports edge detection on each pin, the + internal logic will only wakeup the system when those specific bits + in ADxER registers are set, which can be well mapped to the + corresponding peripheral, thus set_irq_wake() can be called with + the peripheral IRQ to enable the wakeup. + + + MFP on PXA3xx +=============== + +Every external I/O pad on PXA3xx (excluding those for special purpose) has +one MFP logic associated, and is controlled by one MFP register (MFPR). + +The MFPR has the following bit definitions (for PXA300/PXA310/PXA320): + + 31 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 + +-------------------------+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ + | RESERVED |PS|PU|PD| DRIVE |SS|SD|SO|EC|EF|ER|--| AF_SEL | + +-------------------------+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ + + Bit 3: RESERVED + Bit 4: EDGE_RISE_EN - enable detection of rising edge on this pin + Bit 5: EDGE_FALL_EN - enable detection of falling edge on this pin + Bit 6: EDGE_CLEAR - disable edge detection on this pin + Bit 7: SLEEP_OE_N - enable outputs during low power modes + Bit 8: SLEEP_DATA - output data on the pin during low power modes + Bit 9: SLEEP_SEL - selection control for low power modes signals + Bit 13: PULLDOWN_EN - enable the internal pull-down resistor on this pin + Bit 14: PULLUP_EN - enable the internal pull-up resistor on this pin + Bit 15: PULL_SEL - pull state controlled by selected alternate function + (0) or by PULL{UP,DOWN}_EN bits (1) + + Bit 0 - 2: AF_SEL - alternate function selection, 8 possibilities, from 0-7 + Bit 10-12: DRIVE - drive strength and slew rate + 0b000 - fast 1mA + 0b001 - fast 2mA + 0b002 - fast 3mA + 0b003 - fast 4mA + 0b004 - slow 6mA + 0b005 - fast 6mA + 0b006 - slow 10mA + 0b007 - fast 10mA + + MFP Design for PXA2xx/PXA3xx +============================== + +Due to the difference of pin-mux handling between PXA2xx and PXA3xx, a unified +MFP API is introduced to cover both series of processors. + +The basic idea of this design is to introduce definitions for all possible pin +configurations, these definitions are processor and platform independent, and +the actual API invoked to convert these definitions into register settings and +make them effective there-after. + + Files Involved + -------------- + + - arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/mfp.h + + for + 1. Unified pin definitions - enum constants for all configurable pins + 2. processor-neutral bit definitions for a possible MFP configuration + + - arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/mfp-pxa3xx.h + + for PXA3xx specific MFPR register bit definitions and PXA3xx common pin + configurations + + - arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/mfp-pxa2xx.h + + for PXA2xx specific definitions and PXA25x/PXA27x common pin configurations + + - arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/mfp-pxa25x.h + arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/mfp-pxa27x.h + arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/mfp-pxa300.h + arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/mfp-pxa320.h + arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/mfp-pxa930.h + + for processor specific definitions + + - arch/arm/mach-pxa/mfp-pxa3xx.c + - arch/arm/mach-pxa/mfp-pxa2xx.c + + for implementation of the pin configuration to take effect for the actual + processor. + + Pin Configuration + ----------------- + + The following comments are copied from mfp.h (see the actual source code + for most updated info) + + /* + * a possible MFP configuration is represented by a 32-bit integer + * + * bit 0.. 9 - MFP Pin Number (1024 Pins Maximum) + * bit 10..12 - Alternate Function Selection + * bit 13..15 - Drive Strength + * bit 16..18 - Low Power Mode State + * bit 19..20 - Low Power Mode Edge Detection + * bit 21..22 - Run Mode Pull State + * + * to facilitate the definition, the following macros are provided + * + * MFP_CFG_DEFAULT - default MFP configuration value, with + * alternate function = 0, + * drive strength = fast 3mA (MFP_DS03X) + * low power mode = default + * edge detection = none + * + * MFP_CFG - default MFPR value with alternate function + * MFP_CFG_DRV - default MFPR value with alternate function and + * pin drive strength + * MFP_CFG_LPM - default MFPR value with alternate function and + * low power mode + * MFP_CFG_X - default MFPR value with alternate function, + * pin drive strength and low power mode + */ + + Examples of pin configurations are: + + #define GPIO94_SSP3_RXD MFP_CFG_X(GPIO94, AF1, DS08X, FLOAT) + + which reads GPIO94 can be configured as SSP3_RXD, with alternate function + selection of 1, driving strength of 0b101, and a float state in low power + modes. + + NOTE: this is the default setting of this pin being configured as SSP3_RXD + which can be modified a bit in board code, though it is not recommended to + do so, simply because this default setting is usually carefully encoded, + and is supposed to work in most cases. + + Register Settings + ----------------- + + Register settings on PXA3xx for a pin configuration is actually very + straight-forward, most bits can be converted directly into MFPR value + in a easier way. Two sets of MFPR values are calculated: the run-time + ones and the low power mode ones, to allow different settings. + + The conversion from a generic pin configuration to the actual register + settings on PXA2xx is a bit complicated: many registers are involved, + including GAFRx, GPDRx, PGSRx, PWER, PKWR, PFER and PRER. Please see + mfp-pxa2xx.c for how the conversion is made. diff --git a/Documentation/bad_memory.txt b/Documentation/bad_memory.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..df84162 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/bad_memory.txt @@ -0,0 +1,45 @@ +March 2008 +Jan-Simon Moeller, dl9pf@gmx.de + + +How to deal with bad memory e.g. reported by memtest86+ ? +######################################################### + +There are three possibilities I know of: + +1) Reinsert/swap the memory modules + +2) Buy new modules (best!) or try to exchange the memory + if you have spare-parts + +3) Use BadRAM or memmap + +This Howto is about number 3) . + + +BadRAM +###### +BadRAM is the actively developed and available as kernel-patch +here: http://rick.vanrein.org/linux/badram/ + +For more details see the BadRAM documentation. + +memmap +###### + +memmap is already in the kernel and usable as kernel-parameter at +boot-time. Its syntax is slightly strange and you may need to +calculate the values by yourself! + +Syntax to exclude a memory area (see kernel-parameters.txt for details): +memmap=<size>$<address> + +Example: memtest86+ reported here errors at address 0x18691458, 0x18698424 and + some others. All had 0x1869xxxx in common, so I chose a pattern of + 0x18690000,0xffff0000. + +With the numbers of the example above: +memmap=64K$0x18690000 + or +memmap=0x10000$0x18690000 + diff --git a/Documentation/blackfin/00-INDEX b/Documentation/blackfin/00-INDEX index 7cb3b35..d6840a9 100644 --- a/Documentation/blackfin/00-INDEX +++ b/Documentation/blackfin/00-INDEX @@ -9,3 +9,6 @@ cachefeatures.txt Filesystems - Requirements for mounting the root file system. + +bfin-gpio-note.txt + - Notes in developing/using bfin-gpio driver. diff --git a/Documentation/blackfin/bfin-gpio-notes.txt b/Documentation/blackfin/bfin-gpio-notes.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9898c7d --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/blackfin/bfin-gpio-notes.txt @@ -0,0 +1,71 @@ +/* + * File: Documentation/blackfin/bfin-gpio-note.txt + * Based on: + * Author: + * + * Created: $Id: bfin-gpio-note.txt 2008-11-24 16:42 grafyang $ + * Description: This file contains the notes in developing/using bfin-gpio. + * + * + * Rev: + * + * Modified: + * Copyright 2004-2008 Analog Devices Inc. + * + * Bugs: Enter bugs at http://blackfin.uclinux.org/ + * + */ + + +1. Blackfin GPIO introduction + + There are many GPIO pins on Blackfin. Most of these pins are muxed to + multi-functions. They can be configured as peripheral, or just as GPIO, + configured to input with interrupt enabled, or output. + + For detailed information, please see "arch/blackfin/kernel/bfin_gpio.c", + or the relevant HRM. + + +2. Avoiding resource conflict + + Followed function groups are used to avoiding resource conflict, + - Use the pin as peripheral, + int peripheral_request(unsigned short per, const char *label); + int peripheral_request_list(const unsigned short per[], const char *label); + void peripheral_free(unsigned short per); + void peripheral_free_list(const unsigned short per[]); + - Use the pin as GPIO, + int bfin_gpio_request(unsigned gpio, const char *label); + void bfin_gpio_free(unsigned gpio); + - Use the pin as GPIO interrupt, + int bfin_gpio_irq_request(unsigned gpio, const char *label); + void bfin_gpio_irq_free(unsigned gpio); + + The request functions will record the function state for a certain pin, + the free functions will clear it's function state. + Once a pin is requested, it can't be requested again before it is freed by + previous caller, otherwise kernel will dump stacks, and the request + function fail. + These functions are wrapped by other functions, most of the users need not + care. + + +3. But there are some exceptions + - Kernel permit the identical GPIO be requested both as GPIO and GPIO + interrut. + Some drivers, like gpio-keys, need this behavior. Kernel only print out + warning messages like, + bfin-gpio: GPIO 24 is already reserved by gpio-keys: BTN0, and you are +configuring it as IRQ! + + Note: Consider the case that, if there are two drivers need the + identical GPIO, one of them use it as GPIO, the other use it as + GPIO interrupt. This will really cause resource conflict. So if + there is any abnormal driver behavior, please check the bfin-gpio + warning messages. + + - Kernel permit the identical GPIO be requested from the same driver twice. + + + diff --git a/Documentation/block/biodoc.txt b/Documentation/block/biodoc.txt index 4dbb8be..3c5434c 100644 --- a/Documentation/block/biodoc.txt +++ b/Documentation/block/biodoc.txt @@ -914,7 +914,7 @@ I/O scheduler, a.k.a. elevator, is implemented in two layers. Generic dispatch queue and specific I/O schedulers. Unless stated otherwise, elevator is used to refer to both parts and I/O scheduler to specific I/O schedulers. -Block layer implements generic dispatch queue in ll_rw_blk.c and elevator.c. +Block layer implements generic dispatch queue in block/*.c. The generic dispatch queue is responsible for properly ordering barrier requests, requeueing, handling non-fs requests and all other subtleties. @@ -926,8 +926,8 @@ be built inside the kernel. Each queue can choose different one and can also change to another one dynamically. A block layer call to the i/o scheduler follows the convention elv_xxx(). This -calls elevator_xxx_fn in the elevator switch (drivers/block/elevator.c). Oh, -xxx and xxx might not match exactly, but use your imagination. If an elevator +calls elevator_xxx_fn in the elevator switch (block/elevator.c). Oh, xxx +and xxx might not match exactly, but use your imagination. If an elevator doesn't implement a function, the switch does nothing or some minimal house keeping work. diff --git a/Documentation/cgroups/cgroups.txt b/Documentation/cgroups/cgroups.txt index d9014aa..e33ee74 100644 --- a/Documentation/cgroups/cgroups.txt +++ b/Documentation/cgroups/cgroups.txt @@ -227,7 +227,6 @@ Each cgroup is represented by a directory in the cgroup file system containing the following files describing that cgroup: - tasks: list of tasks (by pid) attached to that cgroup - - releasable flag: cgroup currently removeable? - notify_on_release flag: run the release agent on exit? - release_agent: the path to use for release notifications (this file exists in the top cgroup only) @@ -360,7 +359,7 @@ Now you want to do something with this cgroup. In this directory you can find several files: # ls -notify_on_release releasable tasks +notify_on_release tasks (plus whatever files added by the attached subsystems) Now attach your shell to this cgroup: @@ -479,7 +478,6 @@ newly-created cgroup if an error occurs after this subsystem's create() method has been called for the new cgroup). void pre_destroy(struct cgroup_subsys *ss, struct cgroup *cgrp); -(cgroup_mutex held by caller) Called before checking the reference count on each subsystem. This may be useful for subsystems which have some extra references even if @@ -498,6 +496,7 @@ remain valid while the caller holds cgroup_mutex. void attach(struct cgroup_subsys *ss, struct cgroup *cgrp, struct cgroup *old_cgrp, struct task_struct *task) +(cgroup_mutex held by caller) Called after the task has been attached to the cgroup, to allow any post-attachment activity that requires memory allocations or blocking. @@ -511,6 +510,7 @@ void exit(struct cgroup_subsys *ss, struct task_struct *task) Called during task exit. int populate(struct cgroup_subsys *ss, struct cgroup *cgrp) +(cgroup_mutex held by caller) Called after creation of a cgroup to allow a subsystem to populate the cgroup directory with file entries. The subsystem should make @@ -520,6 +520,7 @@ method can return an error code, the error code is currently not always handled well. void post_clone(struct cgroup_subsys *ss, struct cgroup *cgrp) +(cgroup_mutex held by caller) Called at the end of cgroup_clone() to do any paramater initialization which might be required before a task could attach. For @@ -527,7 +528,7 @@ example in cpusets, no task may attach before 'cpus' and 'mems' are set up. void bind(struct cgroup_subsys *ss, struct cgroup *root) -(cgroup_mutex held by caller) +(cgroup_mutex and ss->hierarchy_mutex held by caller) Called when a cgroup subsystem is rebound to a different hierarchy and root cgroup. Currently this will only involve movement between diff --git a/Documentation/controllers/memcg_test.txt b/Documentation/controllers/memcg_test.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..08d4d3e --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/controllers/memcg_test.txt @@ -0,0 +1,342 @@ +Memory Resource Controller(Memcg) Implementation Memo. +Last Updated: 2008/12/15 +Base Kernel Version: based on 2.6.28-rc8-mm. + +Because VM is getting complex (one of reasons is memcg...), memcg's behavior +is complex. This is a document for memcg's internal behavior. +Please note that implementation details can be changed. + +(*) Topics on API should be in Documentation/controllers/memory.txt) + +0. How to record usage ? + 2 objects are used. + + page_cgroup ....an object per page. + Allocated at boot or memory hotplug. Freed at memory hot removal. + + swap_cgroup ... an entry per swp_entry. + Allocated at swapon(). Freed at swapoff(). + + The page_cgroup has USED bit and double count against a page_cgroup never + occurs. swap_cgroup is used only when a charged page is swapped-out. + +1. Charge + + a page/swp_entry may be charged (usage += PAGE_SIZE) at + + mem_cgroup_newpage_charge() + Called at new page fault and Copy-On-Write. + + mem_cgroup_try_charge_swapin() + Called at do_swap_page() (page fault on swap entry) and swapoff. + Followed by charge-commit-cancel protocol. (With swap accounting) + At commit, a charge recorded in swap_cgroup is removed. + + mem_cgroup_cache_charge() + Called at add_to_page_cache() + + mem_cgroup_cache_charge_swapin() + Called at shmem's swapin. + + mem_cgroup_prepare_migration() + Called before migration. "extra" charge is done and followed by + charge-commit-cancel protocol. + At commit, charge against oldpage or newpage will be committed. + +2. Uncharge + a page/swp_entry may be uncharged (usage -= PAGE_SIZE) by + + mem_cgroup_uncharge_page() + Called when an anonymous page is fully unmapped. I.e., mapcount goes + to 0. If the page is SwapCache, uncharge is delayed until + mem_cgroup_uncharge_swapcache(). + + mem_cgroup_uncharge_cache_page() + Called when a page-cache is deleted from radix-tree. If the page is + SwapCache, uncharge is delayed until mem_cgroup_uncharge_swapcache(). + + mem_cgroup_uncharge_swapcache() + Called when SwapCache is removed from radix-tree. The charge itself + is moved to swap_cgroup. (If mem+swap controller is disabled, no + charge to swap occurs.) + + mem_cgroup_uncharge_swap() + Called when swp_entry's refcnt goes down to 0. A charge against swap + disappears. + + mem_cgroup_end_migration(old, new) + At success of migration old is uncharged (if necessary), a charge + to new page is committed. At failure, charge to old page is committed. + +3. charge-commit-cancel + In some case, we can't know this "charge" is valid or not at charging + (because of races). + To handle such case, there are charge-commit-cancel functions. + mem_cgroup_try_charge_XXX + mem_cgroup_commit_charge_XXX + mem_cgroup_cancel_charge_XXX + these are used in swap-in and migration. + + At try_charge(), there are no flags to say "this page is charged". + at this point, usage += PAGE_SIZE. + + At commit(), the function checks the page should be charged or not + and set flags or avoid charging.(usage -= PAGE_SIZE) + + At cancel(), simply usage -= PAGE_SIZE. + +Under below explanation, we assume CONFIG_MEM_RES_CTRL_SWAP=y. + +4. Anonymous + Anonymous page is newly allocated at + - page fault into MAP_ANONYMOUS mapping. + - Copy-On-Write. + It is charged right after it's allocated before doing any page table + related operations. Of course, it's uncharged when another page is used + for the fault address. + + At freeing anonymous page (by exit() or munmap()), zap_pte() is called + and pages for ptes are freed one by one.(see mm/memory.c). Uncharges + are done at page_remove_rmap() when page_mapcount() goes down to 0. + + Another page freeing is by page-reclaim (vmscan.c) and anonymous + pages are swapped out. In this case, the page is marked as + PageSwapCache(). uncharge() routine doesn't uncharge the page marked + as SwapCache(). It's delayed until __delete_from_swap_cache(). + + 4.1 Swap-in. + At swap-in, the page is taken from swap-cache. There are 2 cases. + + (a) If the SwapCache is newly allocated and read, it has no charges. + (b) If the SwapCache has been mapped by processes, it has been + charged already. + + This swap-in is one of the most complicated work. In do_swap_page(), + following events occur when pte is unchanged. + + (1) the page (SwapCache) is looked up. + (2) lock_page() + (3) try_charge_swapin() + (4) reuse_swap_page() (may call delete_swap_cache()) + (5) commit_charge_swapin() + (6) swap_free(). + + Considering following situation for example. + + (A) The page has not been charged before (2) and reuse_swap_page() + doesn't call delete_from_swap_cache(). + (B) The page has not been charged before (2) and reuse_swap_page() + calls delete_from_swap_cache(). + (C) The page has been charged before (2) and reuse_swap_page() doesn't + call delete_from_swap_cache(). + (D) The page has been charged before (2) and reuse_swap_page() calls + delete_from_swap_cache(). + + memory.usage/memsw.usage changes to this page/swp_entry will be + Case (A) (B) (C) (D) + Event + Before (2) 0/ 1 0/ 1 1/ 1 1/ 1 + =========================================== + (3) +1/+1 +1/+1 +1/+1 +1/+1 + (4) - 0/ 0 - -1/ 0 + (5) 0/-1 0/ 0 -1/-1 0/ 0 + (6) - 0/-1 - 0/-1 + =========================================== + Result 1/ 1 1/ 1 1/ 1 1/ 1 + + In any cases, charges to this page should be 1/ 1. + + 4.2 Swap-out. + At swap-out, typical state transition is below. + + (a) add to swap cache. (marked as SwapCache) + swp_entry's refcnt += 1. + (b) fully unmapped. + swp_entry's refcnt += # of ptes. + (c) write back to swap. + (d) delete from swap cache. (remove from SwapCache) + swp_entry's refcnt -= 1. + + + At (b), the page is marked as SwapCache and not uncharged. + At (d), the page is removed from SwapCache and a charge in page_cgroup + is moved to swap_cgroup. + + Finally, at task exit, + (e) zap_pte() is called and swp_entry's refcnt -=1 -> 0. + Here, a charge in swap_cgroup disappears. + +5. Page Cache + Page Cache is charged at + - add_to_page_cache_locked(). + + uncharged at + - __remove_from_page_cache(). + + The logic is very clear. (About migration, see below) + Note: __remove_from_page_cache() is called by remove_from_page_cache() + and __remove_mapping(). + +6. Shmem(tmpfs) Page Cache + Memcg's charge/uncharge have special handlers of shmem. The best way + to understand shmem's page state transition is to read mm/shmem.c. + But brief explanation of the behavior of memcg around shmem will be + helpful to understand the logic. + + Shmem's page (just leaf page, not direct/indirect block) can be on + - radix-tree of shmem's inode. + - SwapCache. + - Both on radix-tree and SwapCache. This happens at swap-in + and swap-out, + + It's charged when... + - A new page is added to shmem's radix-tree. + - A swp page is read. (move a charge from swap_cgroup to page_cgroup) + It's uncharged when + - A page is removed from radix-tree and not SwapCache. + - When SwapCache is removed, a charge is moved to swap_cgroup. + - When swp_entry's refcnt goes down to 0, a charge in swap_cgroup + disappears. + +7. Page Migration + One of the most complicated functions is page-migration-handler. + Memcg has 2 routines. Assume that we are migrating a page's contents + from OLDPAGE to NEWPAGE. + + Usual migration logic is.. + (a) remove the page from LRU. + (b) allocate NEWPAGE (migration target) + (c) lock by lock_page(). + (d) unmap all mappings. + (e-1) If necessary, replace entry in radix-tree. + (e-2) move contents of a page. + (f) map all mappings again. + (g) pushback the page to LRU. + (-) OLDPAGE will be freed. + + Before (g), memcg should complete all necessary charge/uncharge to + NEWPAGE/OLDPAGE. + + The point is.... + - If OLDPAGE is anonymous, all charges will be dropped at (d) because + try_to_unmap() drops all mapcount and the page will not be + SwapCache. + + - If OLDPAGE is SwapCache, charges will be kept at (g) because + __delete_from_swap_cache() isn't called at (e-1) + + - If OLDPAGE is page-cache, charges will be kept at (g) because + remove_from_swap_cache() isn't called at (e-1) + + memcg provides following hooks. + + - mem_cgroup_prepare_migration(OLDPAGE) + Called after (b) to account a charge (usage += PAGE_SIZE) against + memcg which OLDPAGE belongs to. + + - mem_cgroup_end_migration(OLDPAGE, NEWPAGE) + Called after (f) before (g). + If OLDPAGE is used, commit OLDPAGE again. If OLDPAGE is already + charged, a charge by prepare_migration() is automatically canceled. + If NEWPAGE is used, commit NEWPAGE and uncharge OLDPAGE. + + But zap_pte() (by exit or munmap) can be called while migration, + we have to check if OLDPAGE/NEWPAGE is a valid page after commit(). + +8. LRU + Each memcg has its own private LRU. Now, it's handling is under global + VM's control (means that it's handled under global zone->lru_lock). + Almost all routines around memcg's LRU is called by global LRU's + list management functions under zone->lru_lock(). + + A special function is mem_cgroup_isolate_pages(). This scans + memcg's private LRU and call __isolate_lru_page() to extract a page + from LRU. + (By __isolate_lru_page(), the page is removed from both of global and + private LRU.) + + +9. Typical Tests. + + Tests for racy cases. + + 9.1 Small limit to memcg. + When you do test to do racy case, it's good test to set memcg's limit + to be very small rather than GB. Many races found in the test under + xKB or xxMB limits. + (Memory behavior under GB and Memory behavior under MB shows very + different situation.) + + 9.2 Shmem + Historically, memcg's shmem handling was poor and we saw some amount + of troubles here. This is because shmem is page-cache but can be + SwapCache. Test with shmem/tmpfs is always good test. + + 9.3 Migration + For NUMA, migration is an another special case. To do easy test, cpuset + is useful. Following is a sample script to do migration. + + mount -t cgroup -o cpuset none /opt/cpuset + + mkdir /opt/cpuset/01 + echo 1 > /opt/cpuset/01/cpuset.cpus + echo 0 > /opt/cpuset/01/cpuset.mems + echo 1 > /opt/cpuset/01/cpuset.memory_migrate + mkdir /opt/cpuset/02 + echo 1 > /opt/cpuset/02/cpuset.cpus + echo 1 > /opt/cpuset/02/cpuset.mems + echo 1 > /opt/cpuset/02/cpuset.memory_migrate + + In above set, when you moves a task from 01 to 02, page migration to + node 0 to node 1 will occur. Following is a script to migrate all + under cpuset. + -- + move_task() + { + for pid in $1 + do + /bin/echo $pid >$2/tasks 2>/dev/null + echo -n $pid + echo -n " " + done + echo END + } + + G1_TASK=`cat ${G1}/tasks` + G2_TASK=`cat ${G2}/tasks` + move_task "${G1_TASK}" ${G2} & + -- + 9.4 Memory hotplug. + memory hotplug test is one of good test. + to offline memory, do following. + # echo offline > /sys/devices/system/memory/memoryXXX/state + (XXX is the place of memory) + This is an easy way to test page migration, too. + + 9.5 mkdir/rmdir + When using hierarchy, mkdir/rmdir test should be done. + Use tests like the following. + + echo 1 >/opt/cgroup/01/memory/use_hierarchy + mkdir /opt/cgroup/01/child_a + mkdir /opt/cgroup/01/child_b + + set limit to 01. + add limit to 01/child_b + run jobs under child_a and child_b + + create/delete following groups at random while jobs are running. + /opt/cgroup/01/child_a/child_aa + /opt/cgroup/01/child_b/child_bb + /opt/cgroup/01/child_c + + running new jobs in new group is also good. + + 9.6 Mount with other subsystems. + Mounting with other subsystems is a good test because there is a + race and lock dependency with other cgroup subsystems. + + example) + # mount -t cgroup none /cgroup -t cpuset,memory,cpu,devices + + and do task move, mkdir, rmdir etc...under this. diff --git a/Documentation/controllers/memory.txt b/Documentation/controllers/memory.txt index 1c07547..e150196 100644 --- a/Documentation/controllers/memory.txt +++ b/Documentation/controllers/memory.txt @@ -137,7 +137,32 @@ behind this approach is that a cgroup that aggressively uses a shared page will eventually get charged for it (once it is uncharged from the cgroup that brought it in -- this will happen on memory pressure). -2.4 Reclaim +Exception: If CONFIG_CGROUP_CGROUP_MEM_RES_CTLR_SWAP is not used.. +When you do swapoff and make swapped-out pages of shmem(tmpfs) to +be backed into memory in force, charges for pages are accounted against the +caller of swapoff rather than the users of shmem. + + +2.4 Swap Extension (CONFIG_CGROUP_MEM_RES_CTLR_SWAP) +Swap Extension allows you to record charge for swap. A swapped-in page is +charged back to original page allocator if possible. + +When swap is accounted, following files are added. + - memory.memsw.usage_in_bytes. + - memory.memsw.limit_in_bytes. + +usage of mem+swap is limited by memsw.limit_in_bytes. + +Note: why 'mem+swap' rather than swap. +The global LRU(kswapd) can swap out arbitrary pages. Swap-out means +to move account from memory to swap...there is no change in usage of +mem+swap. + +In other words, when we want to limit the usage of swap without affecting +global LRU, mem+swap limit is better than just limiting swap from OS point +of view. + +2.5 Reclaim Each cgroup maintains a per cgroup LRU that consists of an active and inactive list. When a cgroup goes over its limit, we first try @@ -207,12 +232,6 @@ exceeded. The memory.stat file gives accounting information. Now, the number of caches, RSS and Active pages/Inactive pages are shown. -The memory.force_empty gives an interface to drop *all* charges by force. - -# echo 1 > memory.force_empty - -will drop all charges in cgroup. Currently, this is maintained for test. - 4. Testing Balbir posted lmbench, AIM9, LTP and vmmstress results [10] and [11]. @@ -242,10 +261,106 @@ reclaimed. A cgroup can be removed by rmdir, but as discussed in sections 4.1 and 4.2, a cgroup might have some charge associated with it, even though all -tasks have migrated away from it. Such charges are automatically dropped at -rmdir() if there are no tasks. +tasks have migrated away from it. +Such charges are freed(at default) or moved to its parent. When moved, +both of RSS and CACHES are moved to parent. +If both of them are busy, rmdir() returns -EBUSY. See 5.1 Also. + +Charges recorded in swap information is not updated at removal of cgroup. +Recorded information is discarded and a cgroup which uses swap (swapcache) +will be charged as a new owner of it. + + +5. Misc. interfaces. + +5.1 force_empty + memory.force_empty interface is provided to make cgroup's memory usage empty. + You can use this interface only when the cgroup has no tasks. + When writing anything to this + + # echo 0 > memory.force_empty + + Almost all pages tracked by this memcg will be unmapped and freed. Some of + pages cannot be freed because it's locked or in-use. Such pages are moved + to parent and this cgroup will be empty. But this may return -EBUSY in + some too busy case. + + Typical use case of this interface is that calling this before rmdir(). + Because rmdir() moves all pages to parent, some out-of-use page caches can be + moved to the parent. If you want to avoid that, force_empty will be useful. + +5.2 stat file + memory.stat file includes following statistics (now) + cache - # of pages from page-cache and shmem. + rss - # of pages from anonymous memory. + pgpgin - # of event of charging + pgpgout - # of event of uncharging + active_anon - # of pages on active lru of anon, shmem. + inactive_anon - # of pages on active lru of anon, shmem + active_file - # of pages on active lru of file-cache + inactive_file - # of pages on inactive lru of file cache + unevictable - # of pages cannot be reclaimed.(mlocked etc) + + Below is depend on CONFIG_DEBUG_VM. + inactive_ratio - VM inernal parameter. (see mm/page_alloc.c) + recent_rotated_anon - VM internal parameter. (see mm/vmscan.c) + recent_rotated_file - VM internal parameter. (see mm/vmscan.c) + recent_scanned_anon - VM internal parameter. (see mm/vmscan.c) + recent_scanned_file - VM internal parameter. (see mm/vmscan.c) + + Memo: + recent_rotated means recent frequency of lru rotation. + recent_scanned means recent # of scans to lru. + showing for better debug please see the code for meanings. + + +5.3 swappiness + Similar to /proc/sys/vm/swappiness, but affecting a hierarchy of groups only. + + Following cgroup's swapiness can't be changed. + - root cgroup (uses /proc/sys/vm/swappiness). + - a cgroup which uses hierarchy and it has child cgroup. + - a cgroup which uses hierarchy and not the root of hierarchy. + + +6. Hierarchy support + +The memory controller supports a deep hierarchy and hierarchical accounting. +The hierarchy is created by creating the appropriate cgroups in the +cgroup filesystem. Consider for example, the following cgroup filesystem +hierarchy + + root + / | \ + / | \ + a b c + | \ + | \ + d e + +In the diagram above, with hierarchical accounting enabled, all memory +usage of e, is accounted to its ancestors up until the root (i.e, c and root), +that has memory.use_hierarchy enabled. If one of the ancestors goes over its +limit, the reclaim algorithm reclaims from the tasks in the ancestor and the +children of the ancestor. + +6.1 Enabling hierarchical accounting and reclaim + +The memory controller by default disables the hierarchy feature. Support +can be enabled by writing 1 to memory.use_hierarchy file of the root cgroup + +# echo 1 > memory.use_hierarchy + +The feature can be disabled by + +# echo 0 > memory.use_hierarchy + +NOTE1: Enabling/disabling will fail if the cgroup already has other +cgroups created below it. + +NOTE2: This feature can be enabled/disabled per subtree. -5. TODO +7. TODO 1. Add support for accounting huge pages (as a separate controller) 2. Make per-cgroup scanner reclaim not-shared pages first diff --git a/Documentation/cpu-hotplug.txt b/Documentation/cpu-hotplug.txt index 94bbc27..9d620c1 100644 --- a/Documentation/cpu-hotplug.txt +++ b/Documentation/cpu-hotplug.txt @@ -50,16 +50,17 @@ additional_cpus=n (*) Use this to limit hotpluggable cpus. This option sets cpu_possible_map = cpu_present_map + additional_cpus (*) Option valid only for following architectures -- x86_64, ia64 +- ia64 -ia64 and x86_64 use the number of disabled local apics in ACPI tables MADT -to determine the number of potentially hot-pluggable cpus. The implementation -should only rely on this to count the # of cpus, but *MUST* not rely on the -apicid values in those tables for disabled apics. In the event BIOS doesn't -mark such hot-pluggable cpus as disabled entries, one could use this -parameter "additional_cpus=x" to represent those cpus in the cpu_possible_map. +ia64 uses the number of disabled local apics in ACPI tables MADT to +determine the number of potentially hot-pluggable cpus. The implementation +should only rely on this to count the # of cpus, but *MUST* not rely +on the apicid values in those tables for disabled apics. In the event +BIOS doesn't mark such hot-pluggable cpus as disabled entries, one could +use this parameter "additional_cpus=x" to represent those cpus in the +cpu_possible_map. -possible_cpus=n [s390 only] use this to set hotpluggable cpus. +possible_cpus=n [s390,x86_64] use this to set hotpluggable cpus. This option sets possible_cpus bits in cpu_possible_map. Thus keeping the numbers of bits set constant even if the machine gets rebooted. diff --git a/Documentation/cputopology.txt b/Documentation/cputopology.txt index bd699da..45932ec 100644 --- a/Documentation/cputopology.txt +++ b/Documentation/cputopology.txt @@ -31,3 +31,51 @@ not defined by include/asm-XXX/topology.h: 2) core_id: 0 3) thread_siblings: just the given CPU 4) core_siblings: just the given CPU + +Additionally, cpu topology information is provided under +/sys/devices/system/cpu and includes these files. The internal +source for the output is in brackets ("[]"). + + kernel_max: the maximum cpu index allowed by the kernel configuration. + [NR_CPUS-1] + + offline: cpus that are not online because they have been + HOTPLUGGED off (see cpu-hotplug.txt) or exceed the limit + of cpus allowed by the kernel configuration (kernel_max + above). [~cpu_online_mask + cpus >= NR_CPUS] + + online: cpus that are online and being scheduled [cpu_online_mask] + + possible: cpus that have been allocated resources and can be + brought online if they are present. [cpu_possible_mask] + + present: cpus that have been identified as being present in the + system. [cpu_present_mask] + +The format for the above output is compatible with cpulist_parse() +[see <linux/cpumask.h>]. Some examples follow. + +In this example, there are 64 cpus in the system but cpus 32-63 exceed +the kernel max which is limited to 0..31 by the NR_CPUS config option +being 32. Note also that cpus 2 and 4-31 are not online but could be +brought online as they are both present and possible. + + kernel_max: 31 + offline: 2,4-31,32-63 + online: 0-1,3 + possible: 0-31 + present: 0-31 + +In this example, the NR_CPUS config option is 128, but the kernel was +started with possible_cpus=144. There are 4 cpus in the system and cpu2 +was manually taken offline (and is the only cpu that can be brought +online.) + + kernel_max: 127 + offline: 2,4-127,128-143 + online: 0-1,3 + possible: 0-127 + present: 0-3 + +See cpu-hotplug.txt for the possible_cpus=NUM kernel start parameter +as well as more information on the various cpumask's. diff --git a/Documentation/crypto/async-tx-api.txt b/Documentation/crypto/async-tx-api.txt index c1e9545..9f59fcb 100644 --- a/Documentation/crypto/async-tx-api.txt +++ b/Documentation/crypto/async-tx-api.txt @@ -13,9 +13,9 @@ 3.6 Constraints 3.7 Example -4 DRIVER DEVELOPER NOTES +4 DMAENGINE DRIVER DEVELOPER NOTES 4.1 Conformance points -4.2 "My application needs finer control of hardware channels" +4.2 "My application needs exclusive control of hardware channels" 5 SOURCE @@ -150,6 +150,7 @@ ops_run_* and ops_complete_* routines in drivers/md/raid5.c for more implementation examples. 4 DRIVER DEVELOPMENT NOTES + 4.1 Conformance points: There are a few conformance points required in dmaengine drivers to accommodate assumptions made by applications using the async_tx API: @@ -158,58 +159,49 @@ accommodate assumptions made by applications using the async_tx API: 3/ Use async_tx_run_dependencies() in the descriptor clean up path to handle submission of dependent operations -4.2 "My application needs finer control of hardware channels" -This requirement seems to arise from cases where a DMA engine driver is -trying to support device-to-memory DMA. The dmaengine and async_tx -implementations were designed for offloading memory-to-memory -operations; however, there are some capabilities of the dmaengine layer -that can be used for platform-specific channel management. -Platform-specific constraints can be handled by registering the -application as a 'dma_client' and implementing a 'dma_event_callback' to -apply a filter to the available channels in the system. Before showing -how to implement a custom dma_event callback some background of -dmaengine's client support is required. - -The following routines in dmaengine support multiple clients requesting -use of a channel: -- dma_async_client_register(struct dma_client *client) -- dma_async_client_chan_request(struct dma_client *client) - -dma_async_client_register takes a pointer to an initialized dma_client -structure. It expects that the 'event_callback' and 'cap_mask' fields -are already initialized. - -dma_async_client_chan_request triggers dmaengine to notify the client of -all channels that satisfy the capability mask. It is up to the client's -event_callback routine to track how many channels the client needs and -how many it is currently using. The dma_event_callback routine returns a -dma_state_client code to let dmaengine know the status of the -allocation. - -Below is the example of how to extend this functionality for -platform-specific filtering of the available channels beyond the -standard capability mask: - -static enum dma_state_client -my_dma_client_callback(struct dma_client *client, - struct dma_chan *chan, enum dma_state state) -{ - struct dma_device *dma_dev; - struct my_platform_specific_dma *plat_dma_dev; - - dma_dev = chan->device; - plat_dma_dev = container_of(dma_dev, - struct my_platform_specific_dma, - dma_dev); - - if (!plat_dma_dev->platform_specific_capability) - return DMA_DUP; - - . . . -} +4.2 "My application needs exclusive control of hardware channels" +Primarily this requirement arises from cases where a DMA engine driver +is being used to support device-to-memory operations. A channel that is +performing these operations cannot, for many platform specific reasons, +be shared. For these cases the dma_request_channel() interface is +provided. + +The interface is: +struct dma_chan *dma_request_channel(dma_cap_mask_t mask, + dma_filter_fn filter_fn, + void *filter_param); + +Where dma_filter_fn is defined as: +typedef bool (*dma_filter_fn)(struct dma_chan *chan, void *filter_param); + +When the optional 'filter_fn' parameter is set to NULL +dma_request_channel simply returns the first channel that satisfies the +capability mask. Otherwise, when the mask parameter is insufficient for +specifying the necessary channel, the filter_fn routine can be used to +disposition the available channels in the system. The filter_fn routine +is called once for each free channel in the system. Upon seeing a +suitable channel filter_fn returns DMA_ACK which flags that channel to +be the return value from dma_request_channel. A channel allocated via +this interface is exclusive to the caller, until dma_release_channel() +is called. + +The DMA_PRIVATE capability flag is used to tag dma devices that should +not be used by the general-purpose allocator. It can be set at +initialization time if it is known that a channel will always be +private. Alternatively, it is set when dma_request_channel() finds an +unused "public" channel. + +A couple caveats to note when implementing a driver and consumer: +1/ Once a channel has been privately allocated it will no longer be + considered by the general-purpose allocator even after a call to + dma_release_channel(). +2/ Since capabilities are specified at the device level a dma_device + with multiple channels will either have all channels public, or all + channels private. 5 SOURCE -include/linux/dmaengine.h: core header file for DMA drivers and clients + +include/linux/dmaengine.h: core header file for DMA drivers and api users drivers/dma/dmaengine.c: offload engine channel management routines drivers/dma/: location for offload engine drivers include/linux/async_tx.h: core header file for the async_tx api diff --git a/Documentation/dell_rbu.txt b/Documentation/dell_rbu.txt index 2c0d631..c11b931 100644 --- a/Documentation/dell_rbu.txt +++ b/Documentation/dell_rbu.txt @@ -81,8 +81,8 @@ Until this step is completed the driver cannot be unloaded. Also echoing either mono ,packet or init in to image_type will free up the memory allocated by the driver. -If an user by accident executes steps 1 and 3 above without executing step 2; -it will make the /sys/class/firmware/dell_rbu/ entries to disappear. +If a user by accident executes steps 1 and 3 above without executing step 2; +it will make the /sys/class/firmware/dell_rbu/ entries disappear. The entries can be recreated by doing the following echo init > /sys/devices/platform/dell_rbu/image_type NOTE: echoing init in image_type does not change it original value. diff --git a/Documentation/development-process/4.Coding b/Documentation/development-process/4.Coding index 014aca8..a5a3450 100644 --- a/Documentation/development-process/4.Coding +++ b/Documentation/development-process/4.Coding @@ -375,10 +375,10 @@ say, this can be a large job, so it is best to be sure that the justification is solid. When making an incompatible API change, one should, whenever possible, -ensure that code which has not been updated is caught by the compiler. +ensure that code which has not been updated is caught by the compiler. This will help you to be sure that you have found all in-tree uses of that interface. It will also alert developers of out-of-tree code that there is a change that they need to respond to. Supporting out-of-tree code is not something that kernel developers need to be worried about, but we also do -not have to make life harder for out-of-tree developers than it it needs to -be. +not have to make life harder for out-of-tree developers than it needs to +be. diff --git a/Documentation/dmaengine.txt b/Documentation/dmaengine.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0c1c2f6 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/dmaengine.txt @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +See Documentation/crypto/async-tx-api.txt diff --git a/Documentation/dvb/technisat.txt b/Documentation/dvb/technisat.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..cdf6ee4 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/dvb/technisat.txt @@ -0,0 +1,69 @@ +How to set up the Technisat devices +=================================== + +1) Find out what device you have +================================ + +First start your linux box with a shipped kernel: +lspci -vvv for a PCI device (lsusb -vvv for an USB device) will show you for example: +02:0b.0 Network controller: Techsan Electronics Co Ltd B2C2 FlexCopII DVB chip / Technisat SkyStar2 DVB card (rev 02) + +dmesg | grep frontend may show you for example: +DVB: registering frontend 0 (Conexant CX24123/CX24109)... + +2) Kernel compilation: +====================== + +If the Technisat is the only TV device in your box get rid of unnecessary modules and check this one: +"Multimedia devices" => "Customise analog and hybrid tuner modules to build" +In this directory uncheck every driver which is activated there. + +Then please activate: +2a) Main module part: + +a.)"Multimedia devices" => "DVB/ATSC adapters" => "Technisat/B2C2 FlexcopII(b) and FlexCopIII adapters" +b.)"Multimedia devices" => "DVB/ATSC adapters" => "Technisat/B2C2 FlexcopII(b) and FlexCopIII adapters" => "Technisat/B2C2 Air/Sky/Cable2PC PCI" in case of a PCI card OR +c.)"Multimedia devices" => "DVB/ATSC adapters" => "Technisat/B2C2 FlexcopII(b) and FlexCopIII adapters" => "Technisat/B2C2 Air/Sky/Cable2PC USB" in case of an USB 1.1 adapter +d.)"Multimedia devices" => "DVB/ATSC adapters" => "Technisat/B2C2 FlexcopII(b) and FlexCopIII adapters" => "Enable debug for the B2C2 FlexCop drivers" +Notice: d.) is helpful for troubleshooting + +2b) Frontend module part: + +1.) Revision 2.3: +a.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "Customise the frontend modules to build" +b.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "Zarlink VP310/MT312/ZL10313 based" + +2.) Revision 2.6: +a.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "Customise the frontend modules to build" +b.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "ST STV0299 based" + +3.) Revision 2.7: +a.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "Customise the frontend modules to build" +b.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "Samsung S5H1420 based" +c.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "Integrant ITD1000 Zero IF tuner for DVB-S/DSS" +d.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "ISL6421 SEC controller" + +4.) Revision 2.8: +a.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "Customise the frontend modules to build" +b.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "Conexant CX24113/CX24128 tuner for DVB-S/DSS" +c.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "Conexant CX24123 based" +d.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "ISL6421 SEC controller" + +5.) DVB-T card: +a.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "Customise the frontend modules to build" +b.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "Zarlink MT352 based" + +6.) DVB-C card: +a.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "Customise the frontend modules to build" +b.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "ST STV0297 based" + +7.) ATSC card 1st generation: +a.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "Customise the frontend modules to build" +b.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "Broadcom BCM3510" + +8.) ATSC card 2nd generation: +a.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "Customise the frontend modules to build" +b.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "NxtWave Communications NXT2002/NXT2004 based" +c.)"Multimedia devices" => "Customise DVB frontends" => "LG Electronics LGDT3302/LGDT3303 based" + +Author: Uwe Bugla <uwe.bugla@gmx.de> December 2008 diff --git a/Documentation/fb/pxafb.txt b/Documentation/fb/pxafb.txt index db9b850..d143a0a 100644 --- a/Documentation/fb/pxafb.txt +++ b/Documentation/fb/pxafb.txt @@ -5,9 +5,13 @@ The driver supports the following options, either via options=<OPTIONS> when modular or video=pxafb:<OPTIONS> when built in. For example: - modprobe pxafb options=mode:640x480-8,passive + modprobe pxafb options=vmem:2M,mode:640x480-8,passive or on the kernel command line - video=pxafb:mode:640x480-8,passive + video=pxafb:vmem:2M,mode:640x480-8,passive + +vmem: VIDEO_MEM_SIZE + Amount of video memory to allocate (can be suffixed with K or M + for kilobytes or megabytes) mode:XRESxYRES[-BPP] XRES == LCCR1_PPL + 1 @@ -52,3 +56,87 @@ outputen:POLARITY pixclockpol:POLARITY pixel clock polarity 0 => falling edge, 1 => rising edge + + +Overlay Support for PXA27x and later LCD controllers +==================================================== + + PXA27x and later processors support overlay1 and overlay2 on-top of the + base framebuffer (although under-neath the base is also possible). They + support palette and no-palette RGB formats, as well as YUV formats (only + available on overlay2). These overlays have dedicated DMA channels and + behave in a similar way as a framebuffer. + + However, there are some differences between these overlay framebuffers + and normal framebuffers, as listed below: + + 1. overlay can start at a 32-bit word aligned position within the base + framebuffer, which means they have a start (x, y). This information + is encoded into var->nonstd (no, var->xoffset and var->yoffset are + not for such purpose). + + 2. overlay framebuffer is allocated dynamically according to specified + 'struct fb_var_screeninfo', the amount is decided by: + + var->xres_virtual * var->yres_virtual * bpp + + bpp = 16 -- for RGB565 or RGBT555 + = 24 -- for YUV444 packed + = 24 -- for YUV444 planar + = 16 -- for YUV422 planar (1 pixel = 1 Y + 1/2 Cb + 1/2 Cr) + = 12 -- for YUV420 planar (1 pixel = 1 Y + 1/4 Cb + 1/4 Cr) + + NOTE: + + a. overlay does not support panning in x-direction, thus + var->xres_virtual will always be equal to var->xres + + b. line length of overlay(s) must be on a 32-bit word boundary, + for YUV planar modes, it is a requirement for the component + with minimum bits per pixel, e.g. for YUV420, Cr component + for one pixel is actually 2-bits, it means the line length + should be a multiple of 16-pixels + + c. starting horizontal position (XPOS) should start on a 32-bit + word boundary, otherwise the fb_check_var() will just fail. + + d. the rectangle of the overlay should be within the base plane, + otherwise fail + + Applications should follow the sequence below to operate an overlay + framebuffer: + + a. open("/dev/fb[1-2]", ...) + b. ioctl(fd, FBIOGET_VSCREENINFO, ...) + c. modify 'var' with desired parameters: + 1) var->xres and var->yres + 2) larger var->yres_virtual if more memory is required, + usually for double-buffering + 3) var->nonstd for starting (x, y) and color format + 4) var->{red, green, blue, transp} if RGB mode is to be used + d. ioctl(fd, FBIOPUT_VSCREENINFO, ...) + e. ioctl(fd, FBIOGET_FSCREENINFO, ...) + f. mmap + g. ... + + 3. for YUV planar formats, these are actually not supported within the + framebuffer framework, application has to take care of the offsets + and lengths of each component within the framebuffer. + + 4. var->nonstd is used to pass starting (x, y) position and color format, + the detailed bit fields are shown below: + + 31 23 20 10 0 + +-----------------+---+----------+----------+ + | ... unused ... |FOR| XPOS | YPOS | + +-----------------+---+----------+----------+ + + FOR - color format, as defined by OVERLAY_FORMAT_* in pxafb.h + 0 - RGB + 1 - YUV444 PACKED + 2 - YUV444 PLANAR + 3 - YUV422 PLANAR + 4 - YUR420 PLANAR + + XPOS - starting horizontal position + YPOS - starting vertical position diff --git a/Documentation/feature-removal-schedule.txt b/Documentation/feature-removal-schedule.txt index dc7c681..5ddbe35 100644 --- a/Documentation/feature-removal-schedule.txt +++ b/Documentation/feature-removal-schedule.txt @@ -310,17 +310,28 @@ Who: Krzysztof Piotr Oledzki <ole@ans.pl> --------------------------- -What: ide-scsi (BLK_DEV_IDESCSI) -When: 2.6.29 -Why: The 2.6 kernel supports direct writing to ide CD drives, which - eliminates the need for ide-scsi. The new method is more - efficient in every way. -Who: FUJITA Tomonori <fujita.tomonori@lab.ntt.co.jp> - ---------------------------- - What: i2c_attach_client(), i2c_detach_client(), i2c_driver->detach_client() When: 2.6.29 (ideally) or 2.6.30 (more likely) Why: Deprecated by the new (standard) device driver binding model. Use i2c_driver->probe() and ->remove() instead. Who: Jean Delvare <khali@linux-fr.org> + +--------------------------- + +What: fscher and fscpos drivers +When: June 2009 +Why: Deprecated by the new fschmd driver. +Who: Hans de Goede <hdegoede@redhat.com> + Jean Delvare <khali@linux-fr.org> + +--------------------------- + +What: SELinux "compat_net" functionality +When: 2.6.30 at the earliest +Why: In 2.6.18 the Secmark concept was introduced to replace the "compat_net" + network access control functionality of SELinux. Secmark offers both + better performance and greater flexibility than the "compat_net" + mechanism. Now that the major Linux distributions have moved to + Secmark, it is time to deprecate the older mechanism and start the + process of removing the old code. +Who: Paul Moore <paul.moore@hp.com> diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/Locking b/Documentation/filesystems/Locking index 23d2f44..ec6a939 100644 --- a/Documentation/filesystems/Locking +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/Locking @@ -97,8 +97,8 @@ prototypes: void (*put_super) (struct super_block *); void (*write_super) (struct super_block *); int (*sync_fs)(struct super_block *sb, int wait); - void (*write_super_lockfs) (struct super_block *); - void (*unlockfs) (struct super_block *); + int (*freeze_fs) (struct super_block *); + int (*unfreeze_fs) (struct super_block *); int (*statfs) (struct dentry *, struct kstatfs *); int (*remount_fs) (struct super_block *, int *, char *); void (*clear_inode) (struct inode *); @@ -119,8 +119,8 @@ delete_inode: no put_super: yes yes no write_super: no yes read sync_fs: no no read -write_super_lockfs: ? -unlockfs: ? +freeze_fs: ? +unfreeze_fs: ? statfs: no no no remount_fs: yes yes maybe (see below) clear_inode: no @@ -394,11 +394,10 @@ prototypes: unsigned long (*get_unmapped_area)(struct file *, unsigned long, unsigned long, unsigned long, unsigned long); int (*check_flags)(int); - int (*dir_notify)(struct file *, unsigned long); }; locking rules: - All except ->poll() may block. + All may block. BKL llseek: no (see below) read: no @@ -424,7 +423,6 @@ sendfile: no sendpage: no get_unmapped_area: no check_flags: no -dir_notify: no ->llseek() locking has moved from llseek to the individual llseek implementations. If your fs is not using generic_file_llseek, you diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/btrfs.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/btrfs.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..64087c3 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/btrfs.txt @@ -0,0 +1,91 @@ + + BTRFS + ===== + +Btrfs is a new copy on write filesystem for Linux aimed at +implementing advanced features while focusing on fault tolerance, +repair and easy administration. Initially developed by Oracle, Btrfs +is licensed under the GPL and open for contribution from anyone. + +Linux has a wealth of filesystems to choose from, but we are facing a +number of challenges with scaling to the large storage subsystems that +are becoming common in today's data centers. Filesystems need to scale +in their ability to address and manage large storage, and also in +their ability to detect, repair and tolerate errors in the data stored +on disk. Btrfs is under heavy development, and is not suitable for +any uses other than benchmarking and review. The Btrfs disk format is +not yet finalized. + +The main Btrfs features include: + + * Extent based file storage (2^64 max file size) + * Space efficient packing of small files + * Space efficient indexed directories + * Dynamic inode allocation + * Writable snapshots + * Subvolumes (separate internal filesystem roots) + * Object level mirroring and striping + * Checksums on data and metadata (multiple algorithms available) + * Compression + * Integrated multiple device support, with several raid algorithms + * Online filesystem check (not yet implemented) + * Very fast offline filesystem check + * Efficient incremental backup and FS mirroring (not yet implemented) + * Online filesystem defragmentation + + + + MAILING LIST + ============ + +There is a Btrfs mailing list hosted on vger.kernel.org. You can +find details on how to subscribe here: + +http://vger.kernel.org/vger-lists.html#linux-btrfs + +Mailing list archives are available from gmane: + +http://dir.gmane.org/gmane.comp.file-systems.btrfs + + + + IRC + === + +Discussion of Btrfs also occurs on the #btrfs channel of the Freenode +IRC network. + + + + UTILITIES + ========= + +Userspace tools for creating and manipulating Btrfs file systems are +available from the git repository at the following location: + + http://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/mason/btrfs-progs-unstable.git + git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mason/btrfs-progs-unstable.git + +These include the following tools: + +mkfs.btrfs: create a filesystem + +btrfsctl: control program to create snapshots and subvolumes: + + mount /dev/sda2 /mnt + btrfsctl -s new_subvol_name /mnt + btrfsctl -s snapshot_of_default /mnt/default + btrfsctl -s snapshot_of_new_subvol /mnt/new_subvol_name + btrfsctl -s snapshot_of_a_snapshot /mnt/snapshot_of_new_subvol + ls /mnt + default snapshot_of_a_snapshot snapshot_of_new_subvol + new_subvol_name snapshot_of_default + + Snapshots and subvolumes cannot be deleted right now, but you can + rm -rf all the files and directories inside them. + +btrfsck: do a limited check of the FS extent trees. + +btrfs-debug-tree: print all of the FS metadata in text form. Example: + + btrfs-debug-tree /dev/sda2 >& big_output_file diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/devpts.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/devpts.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..68dffd8 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/devpts.txt @@ -0,0 +1,132 @@ + +To support containers, we now allow multiple instances of devpts filesystem, +such that indices of ptys allocated in one instance are independent of indices +allocated in other instances of devpts. + +To preserve backward compatibility, this support for multiple instances is +enabled only if: + + - CONFIG_DEVPTS_MULTIPLE_INSTANCES=y, and + - '-o newinstance' mount option is specified while mounting devpts + +IOW, devpts now supports both single-instance and multi-instance semantics. + +If CONFIG_DEVPTS_MULTIPLE_INSTANCES=n, there is no change in behavior and +this referred to as the "legacy" mode. In this mode, the new mount options +(-o newinstance and -o ptmxmode) will be ignored with a 'bogus option' message +on console. + +If CONFIG_DEVPTS_MULTIPLE_INSTANCES=y and devpts is mounted without the +'newinstance' option (as in current start-up scripts) the new mount binds +to the initial kernel mount of devpts. This mode is referred to as the +'single-instance' mode and the current, single-instance semantics are +preserved, i.e PTYs are common across the system. + +The only difference between this single-instance mode and the legacy mode +is the presence of new, '/dev/pts/ptmx' node with permissions 0000, which +can safely be ignored. + +If CONFIG_DEVPTS_MULTIPLE_INSTANCES=y and 'newinstance' option is specified, +the mount is considered to be in the multi-instance mode and a new instance +of the devpts fs is created. Any ptys created in this instance are independent +of ptys in other instances of devpts. Like in the single-instance mode, the +/dev/pts/ptmx node is present. To effectively use the multi-instance mode, +open of /dev/ptmx must be a redirected to '/dev/pts/ptmx' using a symlink or +bind-mount. + +Eg: A container startup script could do the following: + + $ chmod 0666 /dev/pts/ptmx + $ rm /dev/ptmx + $ ln -s pts/ptmx /dev/ptmx + $ ns_exec -cm /bin/bash + + # We are now in new container + + $ umount /dev/pts + $ mount -t devpts -o newinstance lxcpts /dev/pts + $ sshd -p 1234 + +where 'ns_exec -cm /bin/bash' calls clone() with CLONE_NEWNS flag and execs +/bin/bash in the child process. A pty created by the sshd is not visible in +the original mount of /dev/pts. + +User-space changes +------------------ + +In multi-instance mode (i.e '-o newinstance' mount option is specified at least +once), following user-space issues should be noted. + +1. If -o newinstance mount option is never used, /dev/pts/ptmx can be ignored + and no change is needed to system-startup scripts. + +2. To effectively use multi-instance mode (i.e -o newinstance is specified) + administrators or startup scripts should "redirect" open of /dev/ptmx to + /dev/pts/ptmx using either a bind mount or symlink. + + $ mount -t devpts -o newinstance devpts /dev/pts + + followed by either + + $ rm /dev/ptmx + $ ln -s pts/ptmx /dev/ptmx + $ chmod 666 /dev/pts/ptmx + or + $ mount -o bind /dev/pts/ptmx /dev/ptmx + +3. The '/dev/ptmx -> pts/ptmx' symlink is the preferred method since it + enables better error-reporting and treats both single-instance and + multi-instance mounts similarly. + + But this method requires that system-startup scripts set the mode of + /dev/pts/ptmx correctly (default mode is 0000). The scripts can set the + mode by, either + + - adding ptmxmode mount option to devpts entry in /etc/fstab, or + - using 'chmod 0666 /dev/pts/ptmx' + +4. If multi-instance mode mount is needed for containers, but the system + startup scripts have not yet been updated, container-startup scripts + should bind mount /dev/ptmx to /dev/pts/ptmx to avoid breaking single- + instance mounts. + + Or, in general, container-startup scripts should use: + + mount -t devpts -o newinstance -o ptmxmode=0666 devpts /dev/pts + if [ ! -L /dev/ptmx ]; then + mount -o bind /dev/pts/ptmx /dev/ptmx + fi + + When all devpts mounts are multi-instance, /dev/ptmx can permanently be + a symlink to pts/ptmx and the bind mount can be ignored. + +5. A multi-instance mount that is not accompanied by the /dev/ptmx to + /dev/pts/ptmx redirection would result in an unusable/unreachable pty. + + mount -t devpts -o newinstance lxcpts /dev/pts + + immediately followed by: + + open("/dev/ptmx") + + would create a pty, say /dev/pts/7, in the initial kernel mount. + But /dev/pts/7 would be invisible in the new mount. + +6. The permissions for /dev/pts/ptmx node should be specified when mounting + /dev/pts, using the '-o ptmxmode=%o' mount option (default is 0000). + + mount -t devpts -o newinstance -o ptmxmode=0644 devpts /dev/pts + + The permissions can be later be changed as usual with 'chmod'. + + chmod 666 /dev/pts/ptmx + +7. A mount of devpts without the 'newinstance' option results in binding to + initial kernel mount. This behavior while preserving legacy semantics, + does not provide strict isolation in a container environment. i.e by + mounting devpts without the 'newinstance' option, a container could + get visibility into the 'host' or root container's devpts. + + To workaround this and have strict isolation, all mounts of devpts, + including the mount in the root container, should use the newinstance + option. diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/ext4.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/ext4.txt index 174eaff..cec829b 100644 --- a/Documentation/filesystems/ext4.txt +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/ext4.txt @@ -58,13 +58,22 @@ Note: More extensive information for getting started with ext4 can be # mount -t ext4 /dev/hda1 /wherever - - When comparing performance with other filesystems, remember that - ext3/4 by default offers higher data integrity guarantees than most. - So when comparing with a metadata-only journalling filesystem, such - as ext3, use `mount -o data=writeback'. And you might as well use - `mount -o nobh' too along with it. Making the journal larger than - the mke2fs default often helps performance with metadata-intensive - workloads. + - When comparing performance with other filesystems, it's always + important to try multiple workloads; very often a subtle change in a + workload parameter can completely change the ranking of which + filesystems do well compared to others. When comparing versus ext3, + note that ext4 enables write barriers by default, while ext3 does + not enable write barriers by default. So it is useful to use + explicitly specify whether barriers are enabled or not when via the + '-o barriers=[0|1]' mount option for both ext3 and ext4 filesystems + for a fair comparison. When tuning ext3 for best benchmark numbers, + it is often worthwhile to try changing the data journaling mode; '-o + data=writeback,nobh' can be faster for some workloads. (Note + however that running mounted with data=writeback can potentially + leave stale data exposed in recently written files in case of an + unclean shutdown, which could be a security exposure in some + situations.) Configuring the filesystem with a large journal can + also be helpful for metadata-intensive workloads. 2. Features =========== @@ -74,7 +83,7 @@ Note: More extensive information for getting started with ext4 can be * ability to use filesystems > 16TB (e2fsprogs support not available yet) * extent format reduces metadata overhead (RAM, IO for access, transactions) * extent format more robust in face of on-disk corruption due to magics, -* internal redunancy in tree +* internal redundancy in tree * improved file allocation (multi-block alloc) * fix 32000 subdirectory limit * nsec timestamps for mtime, atime, ctime, create time @@ -116,10 +125,11 @@ grouping of bitmaps and inode tables. Some test results available here: When mounting an ext4 filesystem, the following option are accepted: (*) == default -extents (*) ext4 will use extents to address file data. The - file system will no longer be mountable by ext3. - -noextents ext4 will not use extents for newly created files +ro Mount filesystem read only. Note that ext4 will + replay the journal (and thus write to the + partition) even when mounted "read only". The + mount options "ro,noload" can be used to prevent + writes to the filesystem. journal_checksum Enable checksumming of the journal transactions. This will allow the recovery code in e2fsck and the @@ -134,17 +144,17 @@ journal_async_commit Commit block can be written to disk without waiting journal=update Update the ext4 file system's journal to the current format. -journal=inum When a journal already exists, this option is ignored. - Otherwise, it specifies the number of the inode which - will represent the ext4 file system's journal file. - journal_dev=devnum When the external journal device's major/minor numbers have changed, this option allows the user to specify the new journal location. The journal device is identified through its new major/minor numbers encoded in devnum. -noload Don't load the journal on mounting. +noload Don't load the journal on mounting. Note that + if the filesystem was not unmounted cleanly, + skipping the journal replay will lead to the + filesystem containing inconsistencies that can + lead to any number of problems. data=journal All data are committed into the journal prior to being written into the main file system. @@ -219,9 +229,12 @@ minixdf Make 'df' act like Minix. debug Extra debugging information is sent to syslog. -errors=remount-ro(*) Remount the filesystem read-only on an error. +errors=remount-ro Remount the filesystem read-only on an error. errors=continue Keep going on a filesystem error. errors=panic Panic and halt the machine if an error occurs. + (These mount options override the errors behavior + specified in the superblock, which can be configured + using tune2fs) data_err=ignore(*) Just print an error message if an error occurs in a file data buffer in ordered mode. @@ -261,6 +274,42 @@ delalloc (*) Deferring block allocation until write-out time. nodelalloc Disable delayed allocation. Blocks are allocation when data is copied from user to page cache. +max_batch_time=usec Maximum amount of time ext4 should wait for + additional filesystem operations to be batch + together with a synchronous write operation. + Since a synchronous write operation is going to + force a commit and then a wait for the I/O + complete, it doesn't cost much, and can be a + huge throughput win, we wait for a small amount + of time to see if any other transactions can + piggyback on the synchronous write. The + algorithm used is designed to automatically tune + for the speed of the disk, by measuring the + amount of time (on average) that it takes to + finish committing a transaction. Call this time + the "commit time". If the time that the + transactoin has been running is less than the + commit time, ext4 will try sleeping for the + commit time to see if other operations will join + the transaction. The commit time is capped by + the max_batch_time, which defaults to 15000us + (15ms). This optimization can be turned off + entirely by setting max_batch_time to 0. + +min_batch_time=usec This parameter sets the commit time (as + described above) to be at least min_batch_time. + It defaults to zero microseconds. Increasing + this parameter may improve the throughput of + multi-threaded, synchronous workloads on very + fast disks, at the cost of increasing latency. + +journal_ioprio=prio The I/O priority (from 0 to 7, where 0 is the + highest priorty) which should be used for I/O + operations submitted by kjournald2 during a + commit operation. This defaults to 3, which is + a slightly higher priority than the default I/O + priority. + Data Mode ========= There are 3 different data modes: diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/files.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/files.txt index bb0142f..ac2facc 100644 --- a/Documentation/filesystems/files.txt +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/files.txt @@ -76,13 +76,13 @@ the fdtable structure - 5. Handling of the file structures is special. Since the look-up of the fd (fget()/fget_light()) are lock-free, it is possible that look-up may race with the last put() operation on the - file structure. This is avoided using atomic_inc_not_zero() + file structure. This is avoided using atomic_long_inc_not_zero() on ->f_count : rcu_read_lock(); file = fcheck_files(files, fd); if (file) { - if (atomic_inc_not_zero(&file->f_count)) + if (atomic_long_inc_not_zero(&file->f_count)) *fput_needed = 1; else /* Didn't get the reference, someone's freed */ @@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ the fdtable structure - .... return file; - atomic_inc_not_zero() detects if refcounts is already zero or + atomic_long_inc_not_zero() detects if refcounts is already zero or goes to zero during increment. If it does, we fail fget()/fget_light(). diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/ocfs2.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/ocfs2.txt index 67310fb..c2a0871 100644 --- a/Documentation/filesystems/ocfs2.txt +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/ocfs2.txt @@ -31,7 +31,6 @@ Features which OCFS2 does not support yet: - quotas - Directory change notification (F_NOTIFY) - Distributed Caching (F_SETLEASE/F_GETLEASE/break_lease) - - POSIX ACLs Mount options ============= @@ -79,3 +78,5 @@ inode64 Indicates that Ocfs2 is allowed to create inodes at bits of significance. user_xattr (*) Enables Extended User Attributes. nouser_xattr Disables Extended User Attributes. +acl Enables POSIX Access Control Lists support. +noacl (*) Disables POSIX Access Control Lists support. diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt index 71df353..d105eb4 100644 --- a/Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt @@ -140,6 +140,7 @@ Table 1-1: Process specific entries in /proc statm Process memory status information status Process status in human readable form wchan If CONFIG_KALLSYMS is set, a pre-decoded wchan + stack Report full stack trace, enable via CONFIG_STACKTRACE smaps Extension based on maps, the rss size for each mapped file .............................................................................. @@ -1385,6 +1386,15 @@ swapcache reclaim. Decreasing vfs_cache_pressure causes the kernel to prefer to retain dentry and inode caches. Increasing vfs_cache_pressure beyond 100 causes the kernel to prefer to reclaim dentries and inodes. +dirty_background_bytes +---------------------- + +Contains the amount of dirty memory at which the pdflush background writeback +daemon will start writeback. + +If dirty_background_bytes is written, dirty_background_ratio becomes a function +of its value (dirty_background_bytes / the amount of dirtyable system memory). + dirty_background_ratio ---------------------- @@ -1393,14 +1403,29 @@ pages + file cache, not including locked pages and HugePages), the number of pages at which the pdflush background writeback daemon will start writing out dirty data. +If dirty_background_ratio is written, dirty_background_bytes becomes a function +of its value (dirty_background_ratio * the amount of dirtyable system memory). + +dirty_bytes +----------- + +Contains the amount of dirty memory at which a process generating disk writes +will itself start writeback. + +If dirty_bytes is written, dirty_ratio becomes a function of its value +(dirty_bytes / the amount of dirtyable system memory). + dirty_ratio ------------------ +----------- Contains, as a percentage of the dirtyable system memory (free pages + mapped pages + file cache, not including locked pages and HugePages), the number of pages at which a process which is generating disk writes will itself start writing out dirty data. +If dirty_ratio is written, dirty_bytes becomes a function of its value +(dirty_ratio * the amount of dirtyable system memory). + dirty_writeback_centisecs ------------------------- diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/squashfs.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/squashfs.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3e79e4a --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/squashfs.txt @@ -0,0 +1,225 @@ +SQUASHFS 4.0 FILESYSTEM +======================= + +Squashfs is a compressed read-only filesystem for Linux. +It uses zlib compression to compress files, inodes and directories. +Inodes in the system are very small and all blocks are packed to minimise +data overhead. Block sizes greater than 4K are supported up to a maximum +of 1Mbytes (default block size 128K). + +Squashfs is intended for general read-only filesystem use, for archival +use (i.e. in cases where a .tar.gz file may be used), and in constrained +block device/memory systems (e.g. embedded systems) where low overhead is +needed. + +Mailing list: squashfs-devel@lists.sourceforge.net +Web site: www.squashfs.org + +1. FILESYSTEM FEATURES +---------------------- + +Squashfs filesystem features versus Cramfs: + + Squashfs Cramfs + +Max filesystem size: 2^64 16 MiB +Max file size: ~ 2 TiB 16 MiB +Max files: unlimited unlimited +Max directories: unlimited unlimited +Max entries per directory: unlimited unlimited +Max block size: 1 MiB 4 KiB +Metadata compression: yes no +Directory indexes: yes no +Sparse file support: yes no +Tail-end packing (fragments): yes no +Exportable (NFS etc.): yes no +Hard link support: yes no +"." and ".." in readdir: yes no +Real inode numbers: yes no +32-bit uids/gids: yes no +File creation time: yes no +Xattr and ACL support: no no + +Squashfs compresses data, inodes and directories. In addition, inode and +directory data are highly compacted, and packed on byte boundaries. Each +compressed inode is on average 8 bytes in length (the exact length varies on +file type, i.e. regular file, directory, symbolic link, and block/char device +inodes have different sizes). + +2. USING SQUASHFS +----------------- + +As squashfs is a read-only filesystem, the mksquashfs program must be used to +create populated squashfs filesystems. This and other squashfs utilities +can be obtained from http://www.squashfs.org. Usage instructions can be +obtained from this site also. + + +3. SQUASHFS FILESYSTEM DESIGN +----------------------------- + +A squashfs filesystem consists of seven parts, packed together on a byte +alignment: + + --------------- + | superblock | + |---------------| + | datablocks | + | & fragments | + |---------------| + | inode table | + |---------------| + | directory | + | table | + |---------------| + | fragment | + | table | + |---------------| + | export | + | table | + |---------------| + | uid/gid | + | lookup table | + --------------- + +Compressed data blocks are written to the filesystem as files are read from +the source directory, and checked for duplicates. Once all file data has been +written the completed inode, directory, fragment, export and uid/gid lookup +tables are written. + +3.1 Inodes +---------- + +Metadata (inodes and directories) are compressed in 8Kbyte blocks. Each +compressed block is prefixed by a two byte length, the top bit is set if the +block is uncompressed. A block will be uncompressed if the -noI option is set, +or if the compressed block was larger than the uncompressed block. + +Inodes are packed into the metadata blocks, and are not aligned to block +boundaries, therefore inodes overlap compressed blocks. Inodes are identified +by a 48-bit number which encodes the location of the compressed metadata block +containing the inode, and the byte offset into that block where the inode is +placed (<block, offset>). + +To maximise compression there are different inodes for each file type +(regular file, directory, device, etc.), the inode contents and length +varying with the type. + +To further maximise compression, two types of regular file inode and +directory inode are defined: inodes optimised for frequently occurring +regular files and directories, and extended types where extra +information has to be stored. + +3.2 Directories +--------------- + +Like inodes, directories are packed into compressed metadata blocks, stored +in a directory table. Directories are accessed using the start address of +the metablock containing the directory and the offset into the +decompressed block (<block, offset>). + +Directories are organised in a slightly complex way, and are not simply +a list of file names. The organisation takes advantage of the +fact that (in most cases) the inodes of the files will be in the same +compressed metadata block, and therefore, can share the start block. +Directories are therefore organised in a two level list, a directory +header containing the shared start block value, and a sequence of directory +entries, each of which share the shared start block. A new directory header +is written once/if the inode start block changes. The directory +header/directory entry list is repeated as many times as necessary. + +Directories are sorted, and can contain a directory index to speed up +file lookup. Directory indexes store one entry per metablock, each entry +storing the index/filename mapping to the first directory header +in each metadata block. Directories are sorted in alphabetical order, +and at lookup the index is scanned linearly looking for the first filename +alphabetically larger than the filename being looked up. At this point the +location of the metadata block the filename is in has been found. +The general idea of the index is ensure only one metadata block needs to be +decompressed to do a lookup irrespective of the length of the directory. +This scheme has the advantage that it doesn't require extra memory overhead +and doesn't require much extra storage on disk. + +3.3 File data +------------- + +Regular files consist of a sequence of contiguous compressed blocks, and/or a +compressed fragment block (tail-end packed block). The compressed size +of each datablock is stored in a block list contained within the +file inode. + +To speed up access to datablocks when reading 'large' files (256 Mbytes or +larger), the code implements an index cache that caches the mapping from +block index to datablock location on disk. + +The index cache allows Squashfs to handle large files (up to 1.75 TiB) while +retaining a simple and space-efficient block list on disk. The cache +is split into slots, caching up to eight 224 GiB files (128 KiB blocks). +Larger files use multiple slots, with 1.75 TiB files using all 8 slots. +The index cache is designed to be memory efficient, and by default uses +16 KiB. + +3.4 Fragment lookup table +------------------------- + +Regular files can contain a fragment index which is mapped to a fragment +location on disk and compressed size using a fragment lookup table. This +fragment lookup table is itself stored compressed into metadata blocks. +A second index table is used to locate these. This second index table for +speed of access (and because it is small) is read at mount time and cached +in memory. + +3.5 Uid/gid lookup table +------------------------ + +For space efficiency regular files store uid and gid indexes, which are +converted to 32-bit uids/gids using an id look up table. This table is +stored compressed into metadata blocks. A second index table is used to +locate these. This second index table for speed of access (and because it +is small) is read at mount time and cached in memory. + +3.6 Export table +---------------- + +To enable Squashfs filesystems to be exportable (via NFS etc.) filesystems +can optionally (disabled with the -no-exports Mksquashfs option) contain +an inode number to inode disk location lookup table. This is required to +enable Squashfs to map inode numbers passed in filehandles to the inode +location on disk, which is necessary when the export code reinstantiates +expired/flushed inodes. + +This table is stored compressed into metadata blocks. A second index table is +used to locate these. This second index table for speed of access (and because +it is small) is read at mount time and cached in memory. + + +4. TODOS AND OUTSTANDING ISSUES +------------------------------- + +4.1 Todo list +------------- + +Implement Xattr and ACL support. The Squashfs 4.0 filesystem layout has hooks +for these but the code has not been written. Once the code has been written +the existing layout should not require modification. + +4.2 Squashfs internal cache +--------------------------- + +Blocks in Squashfs are compressed. To avoid repeatedly decompressing +recently accessed data Squashfs uses two small metadata and fragment caches. + +The cache is not used for file datablocks, these are decompressed and cached in +the page-cache in the normal way. The cache is used to temporarily cache +fragment and metadata blocks which have been read as a result of a metadata +(i.e. inode or directory) or fragment access. Because metadata and fragments +are packed together into blocks (to gain greater compression) the read of a +particular piece of metadata or fragment will retrieve other metadata/fragments +which have been packed with it, these because of locality-of-reference may be +read in the near future. Temporarily caching them ensures they are available +for near future access without requiring an additional read and decompress. + +In the future this internal cache may be replaced with an implementation which +uses the kernel page cache. Because the page cache operates on page sized +units this may introduce additional complexity in terms of locking and +associated race conditions. diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/ubifs.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/ubifs.txt index dd84ea3..84da2a4 100644 --- a/Documentation/filesystems/ubifs.txt +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/ubifs.txt @@ -95,6 +95,9 @@ no_chk_data_crc skip checking of CRCs on data nodes in order to of this option is that corruption of the contents of a file can go unnoticed. chk_data_crc (*) do not skip checking CRCs on data nodes +compr=none override default compressor and set it to "none" +compr=lzo override default compressor and set it to "lzo" +compr=zlib override default compressor and set it to "zlib" Quick usage instructions diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt index 5579bda..deeeed0f 100644 --- a/Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt @@ -210,8 +210,8 @@ struct super_operations { void (*put_super) (struct super_block *); void (*write_super) (struct super_block *); int (*sync_fs)(struct super_block *sb, int wait); - void (*write_super_lockfs) (struct super_block *); - void (*unlockfs) (struct super_block *); + int (*freeze_fs) (struct super_block *); + int (*unfreeze_fs) (struct super_block *); int (*statfs) (struct dentry *, struct kstatfs *); int (*remount_fs) (struct super_block *, int *, char *); void (*clear_inode) (struct inode *); @@ -270,11 +270,11 @@ or bottom half). a superblock. The second parameter indicates whether the method should wait until the write out has been completed. Optional. - write_super_lockfs: called when VFS is locking a filesystem and + freeze_fs: called when VFS is locking a filesystem and forcing it into a consistent state. This method is currently used by the Logical Volume Manager (LVM). - unlockfs: called when VFS is unlocking a filesystem and making it writable + unfreeze_fs: called when VFS is unlocking a filesystem and making it writable again. statfs: called when the VFS needs to get filesystem statistics. This @@ -733,7 +733,6 @@ struct file_operations { ssize_t (*sendpage) (struct file *, struct page *, int, size_t, loff_t *, int); unsigned long (*get_unmapped_area)(struct file *, unsigned long, unsigned long, unsigned long, unsigned long); int (*check_flags)(int); - int (*dir_notify)(struct file *filp, unsigned long arg); int (*flock) (struct file *, int, struct file_lock *); ssize_t (*splice_write)(struct pipe_inode_info *, struct file *, size_t, unsigned int); ssize_t (*splice_read)(struct file *, struct pipe_inode_info *, size_t, unsigned int); @@ -800,8 +799,6 @@ otherwise noted. check_flags: called by the fcntl(2) system call for F_SETFL command - dir_notify: called by the fcntl(2) system call for F_NOTIFY command - flock: called by the flock(2) system call splice_write: called by the VFS to splice data from a pipe to a file. This @@ -931,7 +928,7 @@ manipulate dentries: d_lookup: look up a dentry given its parent and path name component It looks up the child of that given name from the dcache hash table. If it is found, the reference count is incremented - and the dentry is returned. The caller must use d_put() + and the dentry is returned. The caller must use dput() to free the dentry when it finishes using it. For further information on dentry locking, please refer to the document diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/xfs.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/xfs.txt index 0a1668b..9878f50 100644 --- a/Documentation/filesystems/xfs.txt +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/xfs.txt @@ -229,10 +229,6 @@ The following sysctls are available for the XFS filesystem: ISGID bit is cleared if the irix_sgid_inherit compatibility sysctl is set. - fs.xfs.restrict_chown (Min: 0 Default: 1 Max: 1) - Controls whether unprivileged users can use chown to "give away" - a file to another user. - fs.xfs.inherit_sync (Min: 0 Default: 1 Max: 1) Setting this to "1" will cause the "sync" flag set by the xfs_io(8) chattr command on a directory to be diff --git a/Documentation/hwmon/abituguru-datasheet b/Documentation/hwmon/abituguru-datasheet index aef5a9b..d9251ef 100644 --- a/Documentation/hwmon/abituguru-datasheet +++ b/Documentation/hwmon/abituguru-datasheet @@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ a sensor. Notice that some banks have both a read and a write address this is how the uGuru determines if a read from or a write to the bank is taking place, thus when reading you should always use the read address and when writing the -write address. The write address is always one (1) more then the read address. +write address. The write address is always one (1) more than the read address. uGuru ready @@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ Once all bytes have been read data will hold 0x09, but there is no reason to test for this. Notice that the number of bytes is bank address dependent see above and below. -After completing a successfull read it is advised to put the uGuru back in +After completing a successful read it is advised to put the uGuru back in ready mode, so that it is ready for the next read / write cycle. This way if your program / driver is unloaded and later loaded again the detection algorithm described above will still work. @@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ don't ask why this is the way it is. Once DATA holds 0x01 read CMD it should hold 0xAC now. -After completing a successfull write it is advised to put the uGuru back in +After completing a successful write it is advised to put the uGuru back in ready mode, so that it is ready for the next read / write cycle. This way if your program / driver is unloaded and later loaded again the detection algorithm described above will still work. @@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ Bit 3: Beep if alarm (RW) Bit 4: 1 if alarm cause measured temp is over the warning threshold (R) Bit 5: 1 if alarm cause measured volt is over the max threshold (R) Bit 6: 1 if alarm cause measured volt is under the min threshold (R) -Bit 7: Volt sensor: Shutdown if alarm persist for more then 4 seconds (RW) +Bit 7: Volt sensor: Shutdown if alarm persist for more than 4 seconds (RW) Temp sensor: Shutdown if temp is over the shutdown threshold (RW) * This bit is only honored/used by the uGuru if a temp sensor is connected @@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ Byte 0: Alarm behaviour for the selected sensor. A 1 enables the described behaviour. Bit 0: Give an alarm if measured rpm is under the min threshold (RW) Bit 3: Beep if alarm (RW) -Bit 7: Shutdown if alarm persist for more then 4 seconds (RW) +Bit 7: Shutdown if alarm persist for more than 4 seconds (RW) Byte 1: min threshold (scale as bank 0x26) diff --git a/Documentation/hwmon/adt7470 b/Documentation/hwmon/adt7470 index 75d13ca..8ce4aa0 100644 --- a/Documentation/hwmon/adt7470 +++ b/Documentation/hwmon/adt7470 @@ -31,15 +31,11 @@ Each of the measured inputs (temperature, fan speed) has corresponding high/low limit values. The ADT7470 will signal an ALARM if any measured value exceeds either limit. -The ADT7470 DOES NOT sample all inputs continuously. A single pin on the -ADT7470 is connected to a multitude of thermal diodes, but the chip must be -instructed explicitly to read the multitude of diodes. If you want to use -automatic fan control mode, you must manually read any of the temperature -sensors or the fan control algorithm will not run. The chip WILL NOT DO THIS -AUTOMATICALLY; this must be done from userspace. This may be a bug in the chip -design, given that many other AD chips take care of this. The driver will not -read the registers more often than once every 5 seconds. Further, -configuration data is only read once per minute. +The ADT7470 samples all inputs continuously. A kernel thread is started up for +the purpose of periodically querying the temperature sensors, thus allowing the +automatic fan pwm control to set the fan speed. The driver will not read the +registers more often than once every 5 seconds. Further, configuration data is +only read once per minute. Special Features ---------------- @@ -72,5 +68,6 @@ pwm#_auto_point2_temp. Notes ----- -As stated above, the temperature inputs must be read periodically from -userspace in order for the automatic pwm algorithm to run. +The temperature inputs no longer need to be read periodically from userspace in +order for the automatic pwm algorithm to run. This was the case for earlier +versions of the driver. diff --git a/Documentation/hwmon/f71882fg b/Documentation/hwmon/f71882fg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a832126 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/hwmon/f71882fg @@ -0,0 +1,89 @@ +Kernel driver f71882fg +====================== + +Supported chips: + * Fintek F71882FG and F71883FG + Prefix: 'f71882fg' + Addresses scanned: none, address read from Super I/O config space + Datasheet: Available from the Fintek website + * Fintek F71862FG and F71863FG + Prefix: 'f71862fg' + Addresses scanned: none, address read from Super I/O config space + Datasheet: Available from the Fintek website + * Fintek F8000 + Prefix: 'f8000' + Addresses scanned: none, address read from Super I/O config space + Datasheet: Not public + +Author: Hans de Goede <hdegoede@redhat.com> + + +Description +----------- + +Fintek F718xxFG/F8000 Super I/O chips include complete hardware monitoring +capabilities. They can monitor up to 9 voltages (3 for the F8000), 4 fans and +3 temperature sensors. + +These chips also have fan controlling features, using either DC or PWM, in +three different modes (one manual, two automatic). + +The driver assumes that no more than one chip is present, which seems +reasonable. + + +Monitoring +---------- + +The Voltage, Fan and Temperature Monitoring uses the standard sysfs +interface as documented in sysfs-interface, without any exceptions. + + +Fan Control +----------- + +Both PWM (pulse-width modulation) and DC fan speed control methods are +supported. The right one to use depends on external circuitry on the +motherboard, so the driver assumes that the BIOS set the method +properly. + +There are 2 modes to specify the speed of the fan, PWM duty cycle (or DC +voltage) mode, where 0-100% duty cycle (0-100% of 12V) is specified. And RPM +mode where the actual RPM of the fan (as measured) is controlled and the speed +gets specified as 0-100% of the fan#_full_speed file. + +Since both modes work in a 0-100% (mapped to 0-255) scale, there isn't a +whole lot of a difference when modifying fan control settings. The only +important difference is that in RPM mode the 0-100% controls the fan speed +between 0-100% of fan#_full_speed. It is assumed that if the BIOS programs +RPM mode, it will also set fan#_full_speed properly, if it does not then +fan control will not work properly, unless you set a sane fan#_full_speed +value yourself. + +Switching between these modes requires re-initializing a whole bunch of +registers, so the mode which the BIOS has set is kept. The mode is +printed when loading the driver. + +Three different fan control modes are supported; the mode number is written +to the pwm#_enable file. Note that not all modes are supported on all +chips, and some modes may only be available in RPM / PWM mode on the F8000. +Writing an unsupported mode will result in an invalid parameter error. + +* 1: Manual mode + You ask for a specific PWM duty cycle / DC voltage or a specific % of + fan#_full_speed by writing to the pwm# file. This mode is only + available on the F8000 if the fan channel is in RPM mode. + +* 2: Normal auto mode + You can define a number of temperature/fan speed trip points, which % the + fan should run at at this temp and which temp a fan should follow using the + standard sysfs interface. The number and type of trip points is chip + depended, see which files are available in sysfs. + Fan/PWM channel 3 of the F8000 is always in this mode! + +* 3: Thermostat mode (Only available on the F8000 when in duty cycle mode) + The fan speed is regulated to keep the temp the fan is mapped to between + temp#_auto_point2_temp and temp#_auto_point3_temp. + +Both of the automatic modes require that pwm1 corresponds to fan1, pwm2 to +fan2 and pwm3 to fan3. diff --git a/Documentation/hwmon/it87 b/Documentation/hwmon/it87 index 042c041..659315d 100644 --- a/Documentation/hwmon/it87 +++ b/Documentation/hwmon/it87 @@ -26,6 +26,10 @@ Supported chips: Datasheet: Publicly available at the ITE website http://www.ite.com.tw/product_info/file/pc/IT8718F_V0.2.zip http://www.ite.com.tw/product_info/file/pc/IT8718F_V0%203_(for%20C%20version).zip + * IT8720F + Prefix: 'it8720' + Addresses scanned: from Super I/O config space (8 I/O ports) + Datasheet: Not yet publicly available. * SiS950 [clone of IT8705F] Prefix: 'it87' Addresses scanned: from Super I/O config space (8 I/O ports) @@ -71,7 +75,7 @@ Description ----------- This driver implements support for the IT8705F, IT8712F, IT8716F, -IT8718F, IT8726F and SiS950 chips. +IT8718F, IT8720F, IT8726F and SiS950 chips. These chips are 'Super I/O chips', supporting floppy disks, infrared ports, joysticks and other miscellaneous stuff. For hardware monitoring, they @@ -84,19 +88,19 @@ the IT8716F and late IT8712F have 6. They are shared with other functions though, so the functionality may not be available on a given system. The driver dumbly assume it is there. -The IT8718F also features VID inputs (up to 8 pins) but the value is -stored in the Super-I/O configuration space. Due to technical limitations, +The IT8718F and IT8720F also features VID inputs (up to 8 pins) but the value +is stored in the Super-I/O configuration space. Due to technical limitations, this value can currently only be read once at initialization time, so the driver won't notice and report changes in the VID value. The two upper VID bits share their pins with voltage inputs (in5 and in6) so you can't have both on a given board. -The IT8716F, IT8718F and later IT8712F revisions have support for +The IT8716F, IT8718F, IT8720F and later IT8712F revisions have support for 2 additional fans. The additional fans are supported by the driver. -The IT8716F and IT8718F, and late IT8712F and IT8705F also have optional -16-bit tachometer counters for fans 1 to 3. This is better (no more fan -clock divider mess) but not compatible with the older chips and +The IT8716F, IT8718F and IT8720F, and late IT8712F and IT8705F also have +optional 16-bit tachometer counters for fans 1 to 3. This is better (no more +fan clock divider mess) but not compatible with the older chips and revisions. The 16-bit tachometer mode is enabled by the driver when one of the above chips is detected. @@ -122,7 +126,7 @@ zero'; this is important for negative voltage measurements. All voltage inputs can measure voltages between 0 and 4.08 volts, with a resolution of 0.016 volt. The battery voltage in8 does not have limit registers. -The VID lines (IT8712F/IT8716F/IT8718F) encode the core voltage value: +The VID lines (IT8712F/IT8716F/IT8718F/IT8720F) encode the core voltage value: the voltage level your processor should work with. This is hardcoded by the mainboard and/or processor itself. It is a value in volts. diff --git a/Documentation/hwmon/lm70 b/Documentation/hwmon/lm70 index 2bdd3fe..0d24029 100644 --- a/Documentation/hwmon/lm70 +++ b/Documentation/hwmon/lm70 @@ -1,9 +1,11 @@ Kernel driver lm70 ================== -Supported chip: +Supported chips: * National Semiconductor LM70 Datasheet: http://www.national.com/pf/LM/LM70.html + * Texas Instruments TMP121/TMP123 + Information: http://focus.ti.com/docs/prod/folders/print/tmp121.html Author: Kaiwan N Billimoria <kaiwan@designergraphix.com> @@ -25,6 +27,14 @@ complement digital temperature (sent via the SIO line), is available in the driver for interpretation. This driver makes use of the kernel's in-core SPI support. +As a real (in-tree) example of this "SPI protocol driver" interfacing +with a "SPI master controller driver", see drivers/spi/spi_lm70llp.c +and its associated documentation. + +The TMP121/TMP123 are very similar; main differences are 4 wire SPI inter- +face (read only) and 13-bit temperature data (0.0625 degrees celsius reso- +lution). + Thanks to --------- Jean Delvare <khali@linux-fr.org> for mentoring the hwmon-side driver diff --git a/Documentation/hwmon/lm85 b/Documentation/hwmon/lm85 index 4006207..a136808 100644 --- a/Documentation/hwmon/lm85 +++ b/Documentation/hwmon/lm85 @@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ configured individually according to the following options. temperature. (PWM value from 0 to 255) * pwm#_auto_pwm_minctl - this flags selects for temp#_auto_temp_off temperature - the bahaviour of fans. Write 1 to let fans spinning at + the behaviour of fans. Write 1 to let fans spinning at pwm#_auto_pwm_min or write 0 to let them off. NOTE: It has been reported that there is a bug in the LM85 that causes the flag diff --git a/Documentation/hwmon/ltc4245 b/Documentation/hwmon/ltc4245 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..bae7a3a --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/hwmon/ltc4245 @@ -0,0 +1,81 @@ +Kernel driver ltc4245 +===================== + +Supported chips: + * Linear Technology LTC4245 + Prefix: 'ltc4245' + Addresses scanned: 0x20-0x3f + Datasheet: + http://www.linear.com/pc/downloadDocument.do?navId=H0,C1,C1003,C1006,C1140,P19392,D13517 + +Author: Ira W. Snyder <iws@ovro.caltech.edu> + + +Description +----------- + +The LTC4245 controller allows a board to be safely inserted and removed +from a live backplane in multiple supply systems such as CompactPCI and +PCI Express. + + +Usage Notes +----------- + +This driver does not probe for LTC4245 devices, due to the fact that some +of the possible addresses are unfriendly to probing. You will need to use +the "force" parameter to tell the driver where to find the device. + +Example: the following will load the driver for an LTC4245 at address 0x23 +on I2C bus #1: +$ modprobe ltc4245 force=1,0x23 + + +Sysfs entries +------------- + +The LTC4245 has built-in limits for over and under current warnings. This +makes it very likely that the reference circuit will be used. + +This driver uses the values in the datasheet to change the register values +into the values specified in the sysfs-interface document. The current readings +rely on the sense resistors listed in Table 2: "Sense Resistor Values". + +in1_input 12v input voltage (mV) +in2_input 5v input voltage (mV) +in3_input 3v input voltage (mV) +in4_input Vee (-12v) input voltage (mV) + +in1_min_alarm 12v input undervoltage alarm +in2_min_alarm 5v input undervoltage alarm +in3_min_alarm 3v input undervoltage alarm +in4_min_alarm Vee (-12v) input undervoltage alarm + +curr1_input 12v current (mA) +curr2_input 5v current (mA) +curr3_input 3v current (mA) +curr4_input Vee (-12v) current (mA) + +curr1_max_alarm 12v overcurrent alarm +curr2_max_alarm 5v overcurrent alarm +curr3_max_alarm 3v overcurrent alarm +curr4_max_alarm Vee (-12v) overcurrent alarm + +in5_input 12v output voltage (mV) +in6_input 5v output voltage (mV) +in7_input 3v output voltage (mV) +in8_input Vee (-12v) output voltage (mV) + +in5_min_alarm 12v output undervoltage alarm +in6_min_alarm 5v output undervoltage alarm +in7_min_alarm 3v output undervoltage alarm +in8_min_alarm Vee (-12v) output undervoltage alarm + +in9_input GPIO #1 voltage data +in10_input GPIO #2 voltage data +in11_input GPIO #3 voltage data + +power1_input 12v power usage (mW) +power2_input 5v power usage (mW) +power3_input 3v power usage (mW) +power4_input Vee (-12v) power usage (mW) diff --git a/Documentation/ide/warm-plug-howto.txt b/Documentation/ide/warm-plug-howto.txt index d588546..98152bc 100644 --- a/Documentation/ide/warm-plug-howto.txt +++ b/Documentation/ide/warm-plug-howto.txt @@ -11,3 +11,8 @@ unplug old device(s) and plug new device(s) # echo -n "1" > /sys/class/ide_port/idex/scan done + +NOTE: please make sure that partitions are unmounted and that there are +no other active references to devices before doing "delete_devices" step, +also do not attempt "scan" step on devices currently in use -- otherwise +results may be unpredictable and lead to data loss if you're unlucky diff --git a/Documentation/input/walkera0701.txt b/Documentation/input/walkera0701.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8f4289e --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/input/walkera0701.txt @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + +Walkera WK-0701 transmitter is supplied with a ready to fly Walkera +helicopters such as HM36, HM37, HM60. The walkera0701 module enables to use +this transmitter as joystick + +Devel homepage and download: +http://zub.fei.tuke.sk/walkera-wk0701/ + +or use cogito: +cg-clone http://zub.fei.tuke.sk/GIT/walkera0701-joystick + + +Connecting to PC: + +At back side of transmitter S-video connector can be found. Modulation +pulses from processor to HF part can be found at pin 2 of this connector, +pin 3 is GND. Between pin 3 and CPU 5k6 resistor can be found. To get +modulation pulses to PC, signal pulses must be amplified. + +Cable: (walkera TX to parport) + +Walkera WK-0701 TX S-VIDEO connector: + (back side of TX) + __ __ S-video: canon25 + / |_| \ pin 2 (signal) NPN parport + / O 4 3 O \ pin 3 (GND) LED ________________ 10 ACK + ( O 2 1 O ) | C + \ ___ / 2 ________________________|\|_____|/ + | [___] | |/| B |\ + ------- 3 __________________________________|________________ 25 GND + E + + +I use green LED and BC109 NPN transistor. + +Software: + +Build kernel with walkera0701 module. Module walkera0701 need exclusive +access to parport, modules like lp must be unloaded before loading +walkera0701 module, check dmesg for error messages. Connect TX to PC by +cable and run jstest /dev/input/js0 to see values from TX. If no value can +be changed by TX "joystick", check output from /proc/interrupts. Value for +(usually irq7) parport must increase if TX is on. + + + +Technical details: + +Driver use interrupt from parport ACK input bit to measure pulse length +using hrtimers. + +Frame format: +Based on walkera WK-0701 PCM Format description by Shaul Eizikovich. +(downloaded from http://www.smartpropoplus.com/Docs/Walkera_Wk-0701_PCM.pdf) + +Signal pulses: + (ANALOG) + SYNC BIN OCT + +---------+ +------+ + | | | | +--+ +------+ +--- + +Frame: + SYNC , BIN1, OCT1, BIN2, OCT2 ... BIN24, OCT24, BIN25, next frame SYNC .. + +pulse length: + Binary values: Analog octal values: + + 288 uS Binary 0 318 uS 000 + 438 uS Binary 1 398 uS 001 + 478 uS 010 + 558 uS 011 + 638 uS 100 + 1306 uS SYNC 718 uS 101 + 798 uS 110 + 878 uS 111 + +24 bin+oct values + 1 bin value = 24*4+1 bits = 97 bits + +(Warning, pulses on ACK ar inverted by transistor, irq is rised up on sync +to bin change or octal value to bin change). + +Binary data representations: + +One binary and octal value can be grouped to nibble. 24 nibbles + one binary +values can be sampled between sync pulses. + +Values for first four channels (analog joystick values) can be found in +first 10 nibbles. Analog value is represented by one sign bit and 9 bit +absolute binary value. (10 bits per channel). Next nibble is checksum for +first ten nibbles. + +Next nibbles 12 .. 21 represents four channels (not all channels can be +directly controlled from TX). Binary representations ar the same as in first +four channels. In nibbles 22 and 23 is a special magic number. Nibble 24 is +checksum for nibbles 12..23. + +After last octal value for nibble 24 and next sync pulse one additional +binary value can be sampled. This bit and magic number is not used in +software driver. Some details about this magic numbers can be found in +Walkera_Wk-0701_PCM.pdf. + +Checksum calculation: + +Summary of octal values in nibbles must be same as octal value in checksum +nibble (only first 3 bits are used). Binary value for checksum nibble is +calculated by sum of binary values in checked nibbles + sum of octal values +in checked nibbles divided by 8. Only bit 0 of this sum is used. + diff --git a/Documentation/ioctl/ioctl-number.txt b/Documentation/ioctl/ioctl-number.txt index b880ce5..f1d6399 100644 --- a/Documentation/ioctl/ioctl-number.txt +++ b/Documentation/ioctl/ioctl-number.txt @@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ Code Seq# Include File Comments 'B' C0-FF advanced bbus <mailto:maassen@uni-freiburg.de> 'C' all linux/soundcard.h -'D' all asm-s390/dasd.h +'D' all arch/s390/include/asm/dasd.h 'E' all linux/input.h 'F' all linux/fb.h 'H' all linux/hiddev.h @@ -97,6 +97,7 @@ Code Seq# Include File Comments <http://linux01.gwdg.de/~alatham/ppdd.html> 'M' all linux/soundcard.h 'N' 00-1F drivers/usb/scanner.h +'O' 00-02 include/mtd/ubi-user.h UBI 'P' all linux/soundcard.h 'Q' all linux/soundcard.h 'R' 00-1F linux/random.h @@ -104,7 +105,7 @@ Code Seq# Include File Comments 'S' 80-81 scsi/scsi_ioctl.h conflict! 'S' 82-FF scsi/scsi.h conflict! 'T' all linux/soundcard.h conflict! -'T' all asm-i386/ioctls.h conflict! +'T' all arch/x86/include/asm/ioctls.h conflict! 'U' 00-EF linux/drivers/usb/usb.h 'V' all linux/vt.h 'W' 00-1F linux/watchdog.h conflict! @@ -119,7 +120,7 @@ Code Seq# Include File Comments <mailto:natalia@nikhefk.nikhef.nl> 'c' 00-7F linux/comstats.h conflict! 'c' 00-7F linux/coda.h conflict! -'c' 80-9F asm-s390/chsc.h +'c' 80-9F arch/s390/include/asm/chsc.h 'd' 00-FF linux/char/drm/drm/h conflict! 'd' 00-DF linux/video_decoder.h conflict! 'd' F0-FF linux/digi1.h @@ -142,6 +143,9 @@ Code Seq# Include File Comments 'n' 00-7F linux/ncp_fs.h 'n' E0-FF video/matrox.h matroxfb 'o' 00-1F fs/ocfs2/ocfs2_fs.h OCFS2 +'o' 00-03 include/mtd/ubi-user.h conflict! (OCFS2 and UBI overlaps) +'o' 40-41 include/mtd/ubi-user.h UBI +'o' 01-A1 include/linux/dvb/*.h DVB 'p' 00-0F linux/phantom.h conflict! (OpenHaptics needs this) 'p' 00-3F linux/mc146818rtc.h conflict! 'p' 40-7F linux/nvram.h @@ -166,7 +170,7 @@ Code Seq# Include File Comments <mailto:oe@port.de> 0x80 00-1F linux/fb.h 0x81 00-1F linux/videotext.h -0x89 00-06 asm-i386/sockios.h +0x89 00-06 arch/x86/include/asm/sockios.h 0x89 0B-DF linux/sockios.h 0x89 E0-EF linux/sockios.h SIOCPROTOPRIVATE range 0x89 F0-FF linux/sockios.h SIOCDEVPRIVATE range diff --git a/Documentation/kbuild/00-INDEX b/Documentation/kbuild/00-INDEX index 1146442..e8d2b6d 100644 --- a/Documentation/kbuild/00-INDEX +++ b/Documentation/kbuild/00-INDEX @@ -1,5 +1,9 @@ 00-INDEX - - this file: info on the kernel build process + - this file: info on the kernel build process +kbuild.txt + - developer information on kbuild +kconfig.txt + - usage help for make *config kconfig-language.txt - specification of Config Language, the language in Kconfig files makefiles.txt diff --git a/Documentation/kbuild/kbuild.txt b/Documentation/kbuild/kbuild.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..923f9dd --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/kbuild/kbuild.txt @@ -0,0 +1,133 @@ +Environment variables + +KCPPFLAGS +-------------------------------------------------- +Additional options to pass when preprocessing. The preprocessing options +will be used in all cases where kbuild do preprocessing including +building C files and assembler files. + +KAFLAGS +-------------------------------------------------- +Additional options to the assembler. + +KCFLAGS +-------------------------------------------------- +Additional options to the C compiler. + +KBUILD_VERBOSE +-------------------------------------------------- +Set the kbuild verbosity. Can be assinged same values as "V=...". +See make help for the full list. +Setting "V=..." takes precedence over KBUILD_VERBOSE. + +KBUILD_EXTMOD +-------------------------------------------------- +Set the directory to look for the kernel source when building external +modules. +The directory can be specified in several ways: +1) Use "M=..." on the command line +2) Environmnet variable KBUILD_EXTMOD +3) Environmnet variable SUBDIRS +The possibilities are listed in the order they take precedence. +Using "M=..." will always override the others. + +KBUILD_OUTPUT +-------------------------------------------------- +Specify the output directory when building the kernel. +The output directory can also be specificed using "O=...". +Setting "O=..." takes precedence over KBUILD_OUTPUT + +ARCH +-------------------------------------------------- +Set ARCH to the architecture to be built. +In most cases the name of the architecture is the same as the +directory name found in the arch/ directory. +But some architectures suach as x86 and sparc has aliases. +x86: i386 for 32 bit, x86_64 for 64 bit +sparc: sparc for 32 bit, sparc64 for 64 bit + +CROSS_COMPILE +-------------------------------------------------- +Specify an optional fixed part of the binutils filename. +CROSS_COMPILE can be a part of the filename or the full path. + +CROSS_COMPILE is also used for ccache is some setups. + +CF +-------------------------------------------------- +Additional options for sparse. +CF is often used on the command-line like this: + + make CF=-Wbitwise C=2 + +INSTALL_PATH +-------------------------------------------------- +INSTALL_PATH specifies where to place the updated kernel and system map +images. Default is /boot, but you can set it to other values + + +MODLIB +-------------------------------------------------- +Specify where to install modules. +The default value is: + + $(INSTALL_MOD_PATH)/lib/modules/$(KERNELRELEASE) + +The value can be overridden in which case the default value is ignored. + +INSTALL_MOD_PATH +-------------------------------------------------- +INSTALL_MOD_PATH specifies a prefix to MODLIB for module directory +relocations required by build roots. This is not defined in the +makefile but the argument can be passed to make if needed. + +INSTALL_MOD_STRIP +-------------------------------------------------- +INSTALL_MOD_STRIP, if defined, will cause modules to be +stripped after they are installed. If INSTALL_MOD_STRIP is '1', then +the default option --strip-debug will be used. Otherwise, +INSTALL_MOD_STRIP will used as the options to the strip command. + +INSTALL_FW_PATH +-------------------------------------------------- +INSTALL_FW_PATH specify where to install the firmware blobs. +The default value is: + + $(INSTALL_MOD_PATH)/lib/firmware + +The value can be overridden in which case the default value is ignored. + +INSTALL_HDR_PATH +-------------------------------------------------- +INSTALL_HDR_PATH specify where to install user space headers when +executing "make headers_*". +The default value is: + + $(objtree)/usr + +$(objtree) is the directory where output files are saved. +The output directory is often set using "O=..." on the commandline. + +The value can be overridden in which case the default value is ignored. + +KBUILD_MODPOST_WARN +-------------------------------------------------- +KBUILD_MODPOST_WARN can be set to avoid error out in case of undefined +symbols in the final module linking stage. + +KBUILD_MODPOST_FINAL +-------------------------------------------------- +KBUILD_MODPOST_NOFINAL can be set to skip the final link of modules. +This is solely usefull to speed up test compiles. + +KBUILD_EXTRA_SYMBOLS +-------------------------------------------------- +For modules use symbols from another modules. +See more details in modules.txt. + +ALLSOURCE_ARCHS +-------------------------------------------------- +For tags/TAGS/cscope targets, you can specify more than one archs +to be included in the databases, separated by blankspace. e.g. + + $ make ALLSOURCE_ARCHS="x86 mips arm" tags diff --git a/Documentation/kbuild/kconfig.txt b/Documentation/kbuild/kconfig.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..26a7c0a --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/kbuild/kconfig.txt @@ -0,0 +1,188 @@ +This file contains some assistance for using "make *config". + +Use "make help" to list all of the possible configuration targets. + +The xconfig ('qconf') and menuconfig ('mconf') programs also +have embedded help text. Be sure to check it for navigation, +search, and other general help text. + +====================================================================== +General +-------------------------------------------------- + +New kernel releases often introduce new config symbols. Often more +important, new kernel releases may rename config symbols. When +this happens, using a previously working .config file and running +"make oldconfig" won't necessarily produce a working new kernel +for you, so you may find that you need to see what NEW kernel +symbols have been introduced. + +To see a list of new config symbols when using "make oldconfig", use + + cp user/some/old.config .config + yes "" | make oldconfig >conf.new + +and the config program will list as (NEW) any new symbols that have +unknown values. Of course, the .config file is also updated with +new (default) values, so you can use: + + grep "(NEW)" conf.new + +to see the new config symbols or you can 'diff' the previous and +new .config files to see the differences: + + diff .config.old .config | less + +(Yes, we need something better here.) + + +====================================================================== +menuconfig +-------------------------------------------------- + +SEARCHING for CONFIG symbols + +Searching in menuconfig: + + The Search function searches for kernel configuration symbol + names, so you have to know something close to what you are + looking for. + + Example: + /hotplug + This lists all config symbols that contain "hotplug", + e.g., HOTPLUG, HOTPLUG_CPU, MEMORY_HOTPLUG. + + For search help, enter / followed TAB-TAB-TAB (to highlight + <Help>) and Enter. This will tell you that you can also use + regular expressions (regexes) in the search string, so if you + are not interested in MEMORY_HOTPLUG, you could try + + /^hotplug + + +______________________________________________________________________ +Color Themes for 'menuconfig' + +It is possible to select different color themes using the variable +MENUCONFIG_COLOR. To select a theme use: + + make MENUCONFIG_COLOR=<theme> menuconfig + +Available themes are: + mono => selects colors suitable for monochrome displays + blackbg => selects a color scheme with black background + classic => theme with blue background. The classic look + bluetitle => a LCD friendly version of classic. (default) + +______________________________________________________________________ +Environment variables in 'menuconfig' + +KCONFIG_ALLCONFIG +-------------------------------------------------- +(partially based on lkml email from/by Rob Landley, re: miniconfig) +-------------------------------------------------- +The allyesconfig/allmodconfig/allnoconfig/randconfig variants can +also use the environment variable KCONFIG_ALLCONFIG as a flag or a +filename that contains config symbols that the user requires to be +set to a specific value. If KCONFIG_ALLCONFIG is used without a +filename, "make *config" checks for a file named +"all{yes/mod/no/random}.config" (corresponding to the *config command +that was used) for symbol values that are to be forced. If this file +is not found, it checks for a file named "all.config" to contain forced +values. + +This enables you to create "miniature" config (miniconfig) or custom +config files containing just the config symbols that you are interested +in. Then the kernel config system generates the full .config file, +including dependencies of your miniconfig file, based on the miniconfig +file. + +This 'KCONFIG_ALLCONFIG' file is a config file which contains +(usually a subset of all) preset config symbols. These variable +settings are still subject to normal dependency checks. + +Examples: + KCONFIG_ALLCONFIG=custom-notebook.config make allnoconfig +or + KCONFIG_ALLCONFIG=mini.config make allnoconfig +or + make KCONFIG_ALLCONFIG=mini.config allnoconfig + +These examples will disable most options (allnoconfig) but enable or +disable the options that are explicitly listed in the specified +mini-config files. + +KCONFIG_NOSILENTUPDATE +-------------------------------------------------- +If this variable has a non-blank value, it prevents silent kernel +config udpates (requires explicit updates). + +KCONFIG_CONFIG +-------------------------------------------------- +This environment variable can be used to specify a default kernel config +file name to override the default name of ".config". + +KCONFIG_OVERWRITECONFIG +-------------------------------------------------- +If you set KCONFIG_OVERWRITECONFIG in the environment, Kconfig will not +break symlinks when .config is a symlink to somewhere else. + +KCONFIG_NOTIMESTAMP +-------------------------------------------------- +If this environment variable exists and is non-null, the timestamp line +in generated .config files is omitted. + +KCONFIG_AUTOCONFIG +-------------------------------------------------- +This environment variable can be set to specify the path & name of the +"auto.conf" file. Its default value is "include/config/auto.conf". + +KCONFIG_AUTOHEADER +-------------------------------------------------- +This environment variable can be set to specify the path & name of the +"autoconf.h" (header) file. Its default value is "include/linux/autoconf.h". + +______________________________________________________________________ +menuconfig User Interface Options +---------------------------------------------------------------------- +MENUCONFIG_MODE +-------------------------------------------------- +This mode shows all sub-menus in one large tree. + +Example: + MENUCONFIG_MODE=single_menu make menuconfig + +====================================================================== +xconfig +-------------------------------------------------- + +Searching in xconfig: + + The Search function searches for kernel configuration symbol + names, so you have to know something close to what you are + looking for. + + Example: + Ctrl-F hotplug + or + Menu: File, Search, hotplug + + lists all config symbol entries that contain "hotplug" in + the symbol name. In this Search dialog, you may change the + config setting for any of the entries that are not grayed out. + You can also enter a different search string without having + to return to the main menu. + + +====================================================================== +gconfig +-------------------------------------------------- + +Searching in gconfig: + + None (gconfig isn't maintained as well as xconfig or menuconfig); + however, gconfig does have a few more viewing choices than + xconfig does. + +### diff --git a/Documentation/kbuild/modules.txt b/Documentation/kbuild/modules.txt index 1821c07..b1096da 100644 --- a/Documentation/kbuild/modules.txt +++ b/Documentation/kbuild/modules.txt @@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ following files: # Module specific targets genbin: - echo "X" > 8123_bin_shipped + echo "X" > 8123_bin.o_shipped In example 2, we are down to two fairly simple files and for simple @@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ following files: # Module specific targets genbin: - echo "X" > 8123_bin_shipped + echo "X" > 8123_bin.o_shipped endif diff --git a/Documentation/kernel-doc-nano-HOWTO.txt b/Documentation/kernel-doc-nano-HOWTO.txt index c6841ee..d73fbd2 100644 --- a/Documentation/kernel-doc-nano-HOWTO.txt +++ b/Documentation/kernel-doc-nano-HOWTO.txt @@ -71,6 +71,11 @@ The @argument descriptions must begin on the very next line following this opening short function description line, with no intervening empty comment lines. +If a function parameter is "..." (varargs), it should be listed in +kernel-doc notation as: + * @...: description + + Example kernel-doc data structure comment. /** @@ -282,6 +287,32 @@ struct my_struct { }; +Including documentation blocks in source files +---------------------------------------------- + +To facilitate having source code and comments close together, you can +include kernel-doc documentation blocks that are free-form comments +instead of being kernel-doc for functions, structures, unions, +enums, or typedefs. This could be used for something like a +theory of operation for a driver or library code, for example. + +This is done by using a DOC: section keyword with a section title. E.g.: + +/** + * DOC: Theory of Operation + * + * The whizbang foobar is a dilly of a gizmo. It can do whatever you + * want it to do, at any time. It reads your mind. Here's how it works. + * + * foo bar splat + * + * The only drawback to this gizmo is that is can sometimes damage + * hardware, software, or its subject(s). + */ + +DOC: sections are used in SGML templates files as indicated below. + + How to make new SGML template files ----------------------------------- @@ -302,6 +333,9 @@ exported using EXPORT_SYMBOL. !F<filename> <function [functions...]> is replaced by the documentation, in <filename>, for the functions listed. +!P<filename> <section title> is replaced by the contents of the DOC: +section titled <section title> from <filename>. +Spaces are allowed in <section title>; do not quote the <section title>. Tim. */ <twaugh@redhat.com> diff --git a/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt b/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt index a2d8805..8511d35 100644 --- a/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt +++ b/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt @@ -91,6 +91,7 @@ parameter is applicable: SUSPEND System suspend states are enabled. FTRACE Function tracing enabled. TS Appropriate touchscreen support is enabled. + UMS USB Mass Storage support is enabled. USB USB support is enabled. USBHID USB Human Interface Device support is enabled. V4L Video For Linux support is enabled. @@ -140,6 +141,7 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file ht -- run only enough ACPI to enable Hyper Threading strict -- Be less tolerant of platforms that are not strictly ACPI specification compliant. + rsdt -- prefer RSDT over (default) XSDT See also Documentation/power/pm.txt, pci=noacpi @@ -150,16 +152,20 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file default: 0 acpi_sleep= [HW,ACPI] Sleep options - Format: { s3_bios, s3_mode, s3_beep, s4_nohwsig, old_ordering } - See Documentation/power/video.txt for s3_bios and s3_mode. + Format: { s3_bios, s3_mode, s3_beep, s4_nohwsig, + old_ordering, s4_nonvs } + See Documentation/power/video.txt for information on + s3_bios and s3_mode. s3_beep is for debugging; it makes the PC's speaker beep as soon as the kernel's real-mode entry point is called. s4_nohwsig prevents ACPI hardware signature from being used during resume from hibernation. old_ordering causes the ACPI 1.0 ordering of the _PTS - control method, wrt putting devices into low power - states, to be enforced (the ACPI 2.0 ordering of _PTS is - used by default). + control method, with respect to putting devices into + low power states, to be enforced (the ACPI 2.0 ordering + of _PTS is used by default). + s4_nonvs prevents the kernel from saving/restoring the + ACPI NVS memory during hibernation. acpi_sci= [HW,ACPI] ACPI System Control Interrupt trigger mode Format: { level | edge | high | low } @@ -194,7 +200,7 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file acpi_skip_timer_override [HW,ACPI] Recognize and ignore IRQ0/pin2 Interrupt Override. For broken nForce2 BIOS resulting in XT-PIC timer. - acpi_use_timer_override [HW,ACPI} + acpi_use_timer_override [HW,ACPI] Use timer override. For some broken Nvidia NF5 boards that require a timer override, but don't have HPET @@ -469,8 +475,8 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file clearcpuid=BITNUM [X86] Disable CPUID feature X for the kernel. See - include/asm-x86/cpufeature.h for the valid bit numbers. - Note the Linux specific bits are not necessarily + arch/x86/include/asm/cpufeature.h for the valid bit + numbers. Note the Linux specific bits are not necessarily stable over kernel options, but the vendor specific ones should be. Also note that user programs calling CPUID directly @@ -551,6 +557,11 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file not work reliably with all consoles, but is known to work with serial and VGA consoles. + coredump_filter= + [KNL] Change the default value for + /proc/<pid>/coredump_filter. + See also Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt. + cpcihp_generic= [HW,PCI] Generic port I/O CompactPCI driver Format: <first_slot>,<last_slot>,<port>,<enum_bit>[,<debug>] @@ -823,8 +834,8 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file hlt [BUGS=ARM,SH] - hvc_iucv= [S390] Number of z/VM IUCV Hypervisor console (HVC) - back-ends. Valid parameters: 0..8 + hvc_iucv= [S390] Number of z/VM IUCV hypervisor console (HVC) + terminal devices. Valid values: 0..8 i8042.debug [HW] Toggle i8042 debug mode i8042.direct [HW] Put keyboard port into non-translated mode @@ -872,17 +883,19 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file See Documentation/ide/ide.txt. idle= [X86] - Format: idle=poll or idle=mwait, idle=halt, idle=nomwait - Poll forces a polling idle loop that can slightly improves the performance - of waking up a idle CPU, but will use a lot of power and make the system - run hot. Not recommended. - idle=mwait. On systems which support MONITOR/MWAIT but the kernel chose - to not use it because it doesn't save as much power as a normal idle - loop use the MONITOR/MWAIT idle loop anyways. Performance should be the same - as idle=poll. - idle=halt. Halt is forced to be used for CPU idle. + Format: idle=poll, idle=mwait, idle=halt, idle=nomwait + Poll forces a polling idle loop that can slightly + improve the performance of waking up a idle CPU, but + will use a lot of power and make the system run hot. + Not recommended. + idle=mwait: On systems which support MONITOR/MWAIT but + the kernel chose to not use it because it doesn't save + as much power as a normal idle loop, use the + MONITOR/MWAIT idle loop anyways. Performance should be + the same as idle=poll. + idle=halt: Halt is forced to be used for CPU idle. In such case C2/C3 won't be used again. - idle=nomwait. Disable mwait for CPU C-states + idle=nomwait: Disable mwait for CPU C-states ide-pci-generic.all-generic-ide [HW] (E)IDE subsystem Claim all unknown PCI IDE storage controllers. @@ -913,6 +926,10 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file inttest= [IA64] + iomem= Disable strict checking of access to MMIO memory + strict regions from userspace. + relaxed + iommu= [x86] off force @@ -1064,8 +1081,8 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file lapic [X86-32,APIC] Enable the local APIC even if BIOS disabled it. - lapic_timer_c2_ok [X86-32,x86-64,APIC] trust the local apic timer in - C2 power state. + lapic_timer_c2_ok [X86-32,x86-64,APIC] trust the local apic timer + in C2 power state. libata.dma= [LIBATA] DMA control libata.dma=0 Disable all PATA and SATA DMA @@ -1117,6 +1134,8 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file If there are multiple matching configurations changing the same attribute, the last one is used. + lmb=debug [KNL] Enable lmb debug messages. + load_ramdisk= [RAM] List of ramdisks to load from floppy See Documentation/blockdev/ramdisk.txt. @@ -1550,6 +1569,9 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file nosoftlockup [KNL] Disable the soft-lockup detector. + noswapaccount [KNL] Disable accounting of swap in memory resource + controller. (See Documentation/controllers/memory.txt) + nosync [HW,M68K] Disables sync negotiation for all devices. notsc [BUGS=X86-32] Disable Time Stamp Counter @@ -1569,6 +1591,10 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file nr_uarts= [SERIAL] maximum number of UARTs to be registered. + ohci1394_dma=early [HW] enable debugging via the ohci1394 driver. + See Documentation/debugging-via-ohci1394.txt for more + info. + olpc_ec_timeout= [OLPC] ms delay when issuing EC commands Rather than timing out after 20 ms if an EC command is not properly ACKed, override the length @@ -1793,10 +1819,10 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file autoconfiguration. Ranges are in pairs (memory base and size). - dynamic_printk - Enables pr_debug()/dev_dbg() calls if - CONFIG_DYNAMIC_PRINTK_DEBUG has been enabled. These can also - be switched on/off via <debugfs>/dynamic_printk/modules + dynamic_printk Enables pr_debug()/dev_dbg() calls if + CONFIG_DYNAMIC_PRINTK_DEBUG has been enabled. + These can also be switched on/off via + <debugfs>/dynamic_printk/modules print-fatal-signals= [KNL] debug: print fatal signals @@ -1884,7 +1910,7 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file reboot= [BUGS=X86-32,BUGS=ARM,BUGS=IA-64] Rebooting mode Format: <reboot_mode>[,<reboot_mode2>[,...]] - See arch/*/kernel/reboot.c or arch/*/kernel/process.c + See arch/*/kernel/reboot.c or arch/*/kernel/process.c relax_domain_level= [KNL, SMP] Set scheduler's default relax_domain_level. @@ -2284,7 +2310,8 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file thermal.psv= [HW,ACPI] -1: disable all passive trip points - <degrees C>: override all passive trip points to this value + <degrees C>: override all passive trip points to this + value thermal.tzp= [HW,ACPI] Specify global default ACPI thermal zone polling rate @@ -2372,6 +2399,41 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file usbhid.mousepoll= [USBHID] The interval which mice are to be polled at. + usb-storage.delay_use= + [UMS] The delay in seconds before a new device is + scanned for Logical Units (default 5). + + usb-storage.quirks= + [UMS] A list of quirks entries to supplement or + override the built-in unusual_devs list. List + entries are separated by commas. Each entry has + the form VID:PID:Flags where VID and PID are Vendor + and Product ID values (4-digit hex numbers) and + Flags is a set of characters, each corresponding + to a common usb-storage quirk flag as follows: + a = SANE_SENSE (collect more than 18 bytes + of sense data); + c = FIX_CAPACITY (decrease the reported + device capacity by one sector); + h = CAPACITY_HEURISTICS (decrease the + reported device capacity by one + sector if the number is odd); + i = IGNORE_DEVICE (don't bind to this + device); + l = NOT_LOCKABLE (don't try to lock and + unlock ejectable media); + m = MAX_SECTORS_64 (don't transfer more + than 64 sectors = 32 KB at a time); + o = CAPACITY_OK (accept the capacity + reported by the device); + r = IGNORE_RESIDUE (the device reports + bogus residue values); + s = SINGLE_LUN (the device has only one + Logical Unit); + w = NO_WP_DETECT (don't test whether the + medium is write-protected). + Example: quirks=0419:aaf5:rl,0421:0433:rc + add_efi_memmap [EFI; x86-32,X86-64] Include EFI memory map in kernel's map of available physical RAM. @@ -2432,8 +2494,8 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file Format: <irq>,<irq_mask>,<io>,<full_duplex>,<do_sound>,<lockup_hack>[,<irq2>[,<irq3>[,<irq4>]]] - norandmaps Don't use address space randomization - Equivalent to echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/randomize_va_space + norandmaps Don't use address space randomization. Equivalent to + echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/randomize_va_space ______________________________________________________________________ diff --git a/Documentation/kobject.txt b/Documentation/kobject.txt index f5d2aad..b2e3745 100644 --- a/Documentation/kobject.txt +++ b/Documentation/kobject.txt @@ -118,8 +118,8 @@ the name of the kobject, call kobject_rename(): int kobject_rename(struct kobject *kobj, const char *new_name); -Note kobject_rename does perform any locking or have a solid notion of -what names are valid so the provide must provide their own sanity checking +kobject_rename does not perform any locking or have a solid notion of +what names are valid so the caller must provide their own sanity checking and serialization. There is a function called kobject_set_name() but that is legacy cruft and diff --git a/Documentation/kprobes.txt b/Documentation/kprobes.txt index a79633d..48b3de9 100644 --- a/Documentation/kprobes.txt +++ b/Documentation/kprobes.txt @@ -497,7 +497,10 @@ The first column provides the kernel address where the probe is inserted. The second column identifies the type of probe (k - kprobe, r - kretprobe and j - jprobe), while the third column specifies the symbol+offset of the probe. If the probed function belongs to a module, the module name -is also specified. +is also specified. Following columns show probe status. If the probe is on +a virtual address that is no longer valid (module init sections, module +virtual addresses that correspond to modules that've been unloaded), +such probes are marked with [GONE]. /debug/kprobes/enabled: Turn kprobes ON/OFF diff --git a/Documentation/laptops/thinkpad-acpi.txt b/Documentation/laptops/thinkpad-acpi.txt index 71f0fe1..898b498 100644 --- a/Documentation/laptops/thinkpad-acpi.txt +++ b/Documentation/laptops/thinkpad-acpi.txt @@ -1475,7 +1475,7 @@ Sysfs interface changelog: 0x020100: Marker for thinkpad-acpi with hot key NVRAM polling support. If you must, use it to know you should not - start an userspace NVRAM poller (allows to detect when + start a userspace NVRAM poller (allows to detect when NVRAM is compiled out by the user because it is unneeded/undesired in the first place). 0x020101: Marker for thinkpad-acpi with hot key NVRAM polling diff --git a/Documentation/lguest/lguest.c b/Documentation/lguest/lguest.c index 8045206..f2dbbf3 100644 --- a/Documentation/lguest/lguest.c +++ b/Documentation/lguest/lguest.c @@ -481,51 +481,6 @@ static unsigned long load_initrd(const char *name, unsigned long mem) /* We return the initrd size. */ return len; } - -/* Once we know how much memory we have we can construct simple linear page - * tables which set virtual == physical which will get the Guest far enough - * into the boot to create its own. - * - * We lay them out of the way, just below the initrd (which is why we need to - * know its size here). */ -static unsigned long setup_pagetables(unsigned long mem, - unsigned long initrd_size) -{ - unsigned long *pgdir, *linear; - unsigned int mapped_pages, i, linear_pages; - unsigned int ptes_per_page = getpagesize()/sizeof(void *); - - mapped_pages = mem/getpagesize(); - - /* Each PTE page can map ptes_per_page pages: how many do we need? */ - linear_pages = (mapped_pages + ptes_per_page-1)/ptes_per_page; - - /* We put the toplevel page directory page at the top of memory. */ - pgdir = from_guest_phys(mem) - initrd_size - getpagesize(); - - /* Now we use the next linear_pages pages as pte pages */ - linear = (void *)pgdir - linear_pages*getpagesize(); - - /* Linear mapping is easy: put every page's address into the mapping in - * order. PAGE_PRESENT contains the flags Present, Writable and - * Executable. */ - for (i = 0; i < mapped_pages; i++) - linear[i] = ((i * getpagesize()) | PAGE_PRESENT); - - /* The top level points to the linear page table pages above. */ - for (i = 0; i < mapped_pages; i += ptes_per_page) { - pgdir[i/ptes_per_page] - = ((to_guest_phys(linear) + i*sizeof(void *)) - | PAGE_PRESENT); - } - - verbose("Linear mapping of %u pages in %u pte pages at %#lx\n", - mapped_pages, linear_pages, to_guest_phys(linear)); - - /* We return the top level (guest-physical) address: the kernel needs - * to know where it is. */ - return to_guest_phys(pgdir); -} /*:*/ /* Simple routine to roll all the commandline arguments together with spaces @@ -548,13 +503,13 @@ static void concat(char *dst, char *args[]) /*L:185 This is where we actually tell the kernel to initialize the Guest. We * saw the arguments it expects when we looked at initialize() in lguest_user.c: - * the base of Guest "physical" memory, the top physical page to allow, the - * top level pagetable and the entry point for the Guest. */ -static int tell_kernel(unsigned long pgdir, unsigned long start) + * the base of Guest "physical" memory, the top physical page to allow and the + * entry point for the Guest. */ +static int tell_kernel(unsigned long start) { unsigned long args[] = { LHREQ_INITIALIZE, (unsigned long)guest_base, - guest_limit / getpagesize(), pgdir, start }; + guest_limit / getpagesize(), start }; int fd; verbose("Guest: %p - %p (%#lx)\n", @@ -1030,7 +985,7 @@ static void update_device_status(struct device *dev) /* Zero out the virtqueues. */ for (vq = dev->vq; vq; vq = vq->next) { memset(vq->vring.desc, 0, - vring_size(vq->config.num, getpagesize())); + vring_size(vq->config.num, LGUEST_VRING_ALIGN)); lg_last_avail(vq) = 0; } } else if (dev->desc->status & VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_FAILED) { @@ -1211,7 +1166,7 @@ static void add_virtqueue(struct device *dev, unsigned int num_descs, void *p; /* First we need some memory for this virtqueue. */ - pages = (vring_size(num_descs, getpagesize()) + getpagesize() - 1) + pages = (vring_size(num_descs, LGUEST_VRING_ALIGN) + getpagesize() - 1) / getpagesize(); p = get_pages(pages); @@ -1228,7 +1183,7 @@ static void add_virtqueue(struct device *dev, unsigned int num_descs, vq->config.pfn = to_guest_phys(p) / getpagesize(); /* Initialize the vring. */ - vring_init(&vq->vring, num_descs, p, getpagesize()); + vring_init(&vq->vring, num_descs, p, LGUEST_VRING_ALIGN); /* Append virtqueue to this device's descriptor. We use * device_config() to get the end of the device's current virtqueues; @@ -1941,7 +1896,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { /* Memory, top-level pagetable, code startpoint and size of the * (optional) initrd. */ - unsigned long mem = 0, pgdir, start, initrd_size = 0; + unsigned long mem = 0, start, initrd_size = 0; /* Two temporaries and the /dev/lguest file descriptor. */ int i, c, lguest_fd; /* The boot information for the Guest. */ @@ -2040,9 +1995,6 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) boot->hdr.type_of_loader = 0xFF; } - /* Set up the initial linear pagetables, starting below the initrd. */ - pgdir = setup_pagetables(mem, initrd_size); - /* The Linux boot header contains an "E820" memory map: ours is a * simple, single region. */ boot->e820_entries = 1; @@ -2064,7 +2016,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) /* We tell the kernel to initialize the Guest: this returns the open * /dev/lguest file descriptor. */ - lguest_fd = tell_kernel(pgdir, start); + lguest_fd = tell_kernel(start); /* We clone off a thread, which wakes the Launcher whenever one of the * input file descriptors needs attention. We call this the Waker, and diff --git a/Documentation/lockstat.txt b/Documentation/lockstat.txt index 4ba4664..9cb9138 100644 --- a/Documentation/lockstat.txt +++ b/Documentation/lockstat.txt @@ -71,35 +71,50 @@ Look at the current lock statistics: # less /proc/lock_stat -01 lock_stat version 0.2 +01 lock_stat version 0.3 02 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 03 class name con-bounces contentions waittime-min waittime-max waittime-total acq-bounces acquisitions holdtime-min holdtime-max holdtime-total 04 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 05 -06 &inode->i_data.tree_lock-W: 15 21657 0.18 1093295.30 11547131054.85 58 10415 0.16 87.51 6387.60 -07 &inode->i_data.tree_lock-R: 0 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 23302 231198 0.25 8.45 98023.38 -08 -------------------------- -09 &inode->i_data.tree_lock 0 [<ffffffff8027c08f>] add_to_page_cache+0x5f/0x190 -10 -11 ............................................................................................................................................................................................... -12 -13 dcache_lock: 1037 1161 0.38 45.32 774.51 6611 243371 0.15 306.48 77387.24 -14 ----------- -15 dcache_lock 180 [<ffffffff802c0d7e>] sys_getcwd+0x11e/0x230 -16 dcache_lock 165 [<ffffffff802c002a>] d_alloc+0x15a/0x210 -17 dcache_lock 33 [<ffffffff8035818d>] _atomic_dec_and_lock+0x4d/0x70 -18 dcache_lock 1 [<ffffffff802beef8>] shrink_dcache_parent+0x18/0x130 +06 &mm->mmap_sem-W: 233 538 18446744073708 22924.27 607243.51 1342 45806 1.71 8595.89 1180582.34 +07 &mm->mmap_sem-R: 205 587 18446744073708 28403.36 731975.00 1940 412426 0.58 187825.45 6307502.88 +08 --------------- +09 &mm->mmap_sem 487 [<ffffffff8053491f>] do_page_fault+0x466/0x928 +10 &mm->mmap_sem 179 [<ffffffff802a6200>] sys_mprotect+0xcd/0x21d +11 &mm->mmap_sem 279 [<ffffffff80210a57>] sys_mmap+0x75/0xce +12 &mm->mmap_sem 76 [<ffffffff802a490b>] sys_munmap+0x32/0x59 +13 --------------- +14 &mm->mmap_sem 270 [<ffffffff80210a57>] sys_mmap+0x75/0xce +15 &mm->mmap_sem 431 [<ffffffff8053491f>] do_page_fault+0x466/0x928 +16 &mm->mmap_sem 138 [<ffffffff802a490b>] sys_munmap+0x32/0x59 +17 &mm->mmap_sem 145 [<ffffffff802a6200>] sys_mprotect+0xcd/0x21d +18 +19 ............................................................................................................................................................................................... +20 +21 dcache_lock: 621 623 0.52 118.26 1053.02 6745 91930 0.29 316.29 118423.41 +22 ----------- +23 dcache_lock 179 [<ffffffff80378274>] _atomic_dec_and_lock+0x34/0x54 +24 dcache_lock 113 [<ffffffff802cc17b>] d_alloc+0x19a/0x1eb +25 dcache_lock 99 [<ffffffff802ca0dc>] d_rehash+0x1b/0x44 +26 dcache_lock 104 [<ffffffff802cbca0>] d_instantiate+0x36/0x8a +27 ----------- +28 dcache_lock 192 [<ffffffff80378274>] _atomic_dec_and_lock+0x34/0x54 +29 dcache_lock 98 [<ffffffff802ca0dc>] d_rehash+0x1b/0x44 +30 dcache_lock 72 [<ffffffff802cc17b>] d_alloc+0x19a/0x1eb +31 dcache_lock 112 [<ffffffff802cbca0>] d_instantiate+0x36/0x8a This excerpt shows the first two lock class statistics. Line 01 shows the output version - each time the format changes this will be updated. Line 02-04 -show the header with column descriptions. Lines 05-10 and 13-18 show the actual +show the header with column descriptions. Lines 05-18 and 20-31 show the actual statistics. These statistics come in two parts; the actual stats separated by a -short separator (line 08, 14) from the contention points. +short separator (line 08, 13) from the contention points. -The first lock (05-10) is a read/write lock, and shows two lines above the +The first lock (05-18) is a read/write lock, and shows two lines above the short separator. The contention points don't match the column descriptors, -they have two: contentions and [<IP>] symbol. +they have two: contentions and [<IP>] symbol. The second set of contention +points are the points we're contending with. +The integer part of the time values is in us. View the top contending locks: diff --git a/Documentation/magic-number.txt b/Documentation/magic-number.txt index 9507002..505f196 100644 --- a/Documentation/magic-number.txt +++ b/Documentation/magic-number.txt @@ -125,14 +125,14 @@ TRIDENT_CARD_MAGIC 0x5072696E trident_card sound/oss/trident.c ROUTER_MAGIC 0x524d4157 wan_device include/linux/wanrouter.h SCC_MAGIC 0x52696368 gs_port drivers/char/scc.h SAVEKMSG_MAGIC1 0x53415645 savekmsg arch/*/amiga/config.c -GDA_MAGIC 0x58464552 gda include/asm-mips64/sn/gda.h +GDA_MAGIC 0x58464552 gda arch/mips/include/asm/sn/gda.h RED_MAGIC1 0x5a2cf071 (any) mm/slab.c STL_PORTMAGIC 0x5a7182c9 stlport include/linux/stallion.h EEPROM_MAGIC_VALUE 0x5ab478d2 lanai_dev drivers/atm/lanai.c HDLCDRV_MAGIC 0x5ac6e778 hdlcdrv_state include/linux/hdlcdrv.h EPCA_MAGIC 0x5c6df104 channel include/linux/epca.h PCXX_MAGIC 0x5c6df104 channel drivers/char/pcxx.h -KV_MAGIC 0x5f4b565f kernel_vars_s include/asm-mips64/sn/klkernvars.h +KV_MAGIC 0x5f4b565f kernel_vars_s arch/mips/include/asm/sn/klkernvars.h I810_STATE_MAGIC 0x63657373 i810_state sound/oss/i810_audio.c TRIDENT_STATE_MAGIC 0x63657373 trient_state sound/oss/trident.c M3_CARD_MAGIC 0x646e6f50 m3_card sound/oss/maestro3.c @@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ CCB_MAGIC 0xf2691ad2 ccb drivers/scsi/ncr53c8xx.c QUEUE_MAGIC_FREE 0xf7e1c9a3 queue_entry drivers/scsi/arm/queue.c QUEUE_MAGIC_USED 0xf7e1cc33 queue_entry drivers/scsi/arm/queue.c HTB_CMAGIC 0xFEFAFEF1 htb_class net/sched/sch_htb.c -NMI_MAGIC 0x48414d4d455201 nmi_s include/asm-mips64/sn/nmi.h +NMI_MAGIC 0x48414d4d455201 nmi_s arch/mips/include/asm/sn/nmi.h Note that there are also defined special per-driver magic numbers in sound memory management. See include/sound/sndmagic.h for complete list of them. Many diff --git a/Documentation/memory-hotplug.txt b/Documentation/memory-hotplug.txt index 168117b..4c2ecf5 100644 --- a/Documentation/memory-hotplug.txt +++ b/Documentation/memory-hotplug.txt @@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ config options. This option can be kernel module too. -------------------------------- -3 sysfs files for memory hotplug +4 sysfs files for memory hotplug -------------------------------- All sections have their device information under /sys/devices/system/memory as @@ -138,11 +138,12 @@ For example, assume 1GiB section size. A device for a memory starting at (0x100000000 / 1Gib = 4) This device covers address range [0x100000000 ... 0x140000000) -Under each section, you can see 3 files. +Under each section, you can see 4 files. /sys/devices/system/memory/memoryXXX/phys_index /sys/devices/system/memory/memoryXXX/phys_device /sys/devices/system/memory/memoryXXX/state +/sys/devices/system/memory/memoryXXX/removable 'phys_index' : read-only and contains section id, same as XXX. 'state' : read-write @@ -150,10 +151,20 @@ Under each section, you can see 3 files. at write: user can specify "online", "offline" command 'phys_device': read-only: designed to show the name of physical memory device. This is not well implemented now. +'removable' : read-only: contains an integer value indicating + whether the memory section is removable or not + removable. A value of 1 indicates that the memory + section is removable and a value of 0 indicates that + it is not removable. NOTE: These directories/files appear after physical memory hotplug phase. +If CONFIG_NUMA is enabled the +/sys/devices/system/memory/memoryXXX memory section +directories can also be accessed via symbolic links located in +the /sys/devices/system/node/node* directories. For example: +/sys/devices/system/node/node0/memory9 -> ../../memory/memory9 -------------------------------- 4. Physical memory hot-add phase @@ -365,7 +376,6 @@ node if necessary. - allowing memory hot-add to ZONE_MOVABLE. maybe we need some switch like sysctl or new control file. - showing memory section and physical device relationship. - - showing memory section and node relationship (maybe good for NUMA) - showing memory section is under ZONE_MOVABLE or not - test and make it better memory offlining. - support HugeTLB page migration and offlining. diff --git a/Documentation/mips/AU1xxx_IDE.README b/Documentation/mips/AU1xxx_IDE.README index 25a6ed1..f54962a 100644 --- a/Documentation/mips/AU1xxx_IDE.README +++ b/Documentation/mips/AU1xxx_IDE.README @@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ FILES, CONFIGS AND COMPATABILITY Two files are introduced: - a) 'include/asm-mips/mach-au1x00/au1xxx_ide.h' + a) 'arch/mips/include/asm/mach-au1x00/au1xxx_ide.h' containes : struct _auide_hwif timing parameters for PIO mode 0/1/2/3/4 timing parameters for MWDMA 0/1/2 diff --git a/Documentation/networking/rxrpc.txt b/Documentation/networking/rxrpc.txt index c3669a3..60d05eb 100644 --- a/Documentation/networking/rxrpc.txt +++ b/Documentation/networking/rxrpc.txt @@ -540,7 +540,7 @@ A client would issue an operation by: MSG_MORE should be set in msghdr::msg_flags on all but the last part of the request. Multiple requests may be made simultaneously. - If a call is intended to go to a destination other then the default + If a call is intended to go to a destination other than the default specified through connect(), then msghdr::msg_name should be set on the first request message of that call. diff --git a/Documentation/networking/tuntap.txt b/Documentation/networking/tuntap.txt index 839cbb7..c0aab98 100644 --- a/Documentation/networking/tuntap.txt +++ b/Documentation/networking/tuntap.txt @@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ As mentioned above, main purpose of TUN/TAP driver is tunneling. It is used by VTun (http://vtun.sourceforge.net). Another interesting application using TUN/TAP is pipsecd -(http://perso.enst.fr/~beyssac/pipsec/), an userspace IPSec +(http://perso.enst.fr/~beyssac/pipsec/), a userspace IPSec implementation that can use complete kernel routing (unlike FreeS/WAN). 3. How does Virtual network device actually work ? diff --git a/Documentation/nommu-mmap.txt b/Documentation/nommu-mmap.txt index 7714f57..b565e82 100644 --- a/Documentation/nommu-mmap.txt +++ b/Documentation/nommu-mmap.txt @@ -109,12 +109,18 @@ and it's also much more restricted in the latter case: FURTHER NOTES ON NO-MMU MMAP ============================ - (*) A request for a private mapping of less than a page in size may not return - a page-aligned buffer. This is because the kernel calls kmalloc() to - allocate the buffer, not get_free_page(). + (*) A request for a private mapping of a file may return a buffer that is not + page-aligned. This is because XIP may take place, and the data may not be + paged aligned in the backing store. - (*) A list of all the mappings on the system is visible through /proc/maps in - no-MMU mode. + (*) A request for an anonymous mapping will always be page aligned. If + possible the size of the request should be a power of two otherwise some + of the space may be wasted as the kernel must allocate a power-of-2 + granule but will only discard the excess if appropriately configured as + this has an effect on fragmentation. + + (*) A list of all the private copy and anonymous mappings on the system is + visible through /proc/maps in no-MMU mode. (*) A list of all the mappings in use by a process is visible through /proc/<pid>/maps in no-MMU mode. @@ -242,3 +248,18 @@ PROVIDING SHAREABLE BLOCK DEVICE SUPPORT Provision of shared mappings on block device files is exactly the same as for character devices. If there isn't a real device underneath, then the driver should allocate sufficient contiguous memory to honour any supported mapping. + + +================================= +ADJUSTING PAGE TRIMMING BEHAVIOUR +================================= + +NOMMU mmap automatically rounds up to the nearest power-of-2 number of pages +when performing an allocation. This can have adverse effects on memory +fragmentation, and as such, is left configurable. The default behaviour is to +aggressively trim allocations and discard any excess pages back in to the page +allocator. In order to retain finer-grained control over fragmentation, this +behaviour can either be disabled completely, or bumped up to a higher page +watermark where trimming begins. + +Page trimming behaviour is configurable via the sysctl `vm.nr_trim_pages'. diff --git a/Documentation/powerpc/cpu_features.txt b/Documentation/powerpc/cpu_features.txt index 4727398..ffa4183 100644 --- a/Documentation/powerpc/cpu_features.txt +++ b/Documentation/powerpc/cpu_features.txt @@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ anyways). After detecting the processor type, the kernel patches out sections of code that shouldn't be used by writing nop's over it. Using cpufeatures requires -just 2 macros (found in include/asm-ppc/cputable.h), as seen in head.S +just 2 macros (found in arch/powerpc/include/asm/cputable.h), as seen in head.S transfer_to_handler: #ifdef CONFIG_ALTIVEC diff --git a/Documentation/powerpc/dts-bindings/4xx/ndfc.txt b/Documentation/powerpc/dts-bindings/4xx/ndfc.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..869f0b5 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/powerpc/dts-bindings/4xx/ndfc.txt @@ -0,0 +1,39 @@ +AMCC NDFC (NanD Flash Controller) + +Required properties: +- compatible : "ibm,ndfc". +- reg : should specify chip select and size used for the chip (0x2000). + +Optional properties: +- ccr : NDFC config and control register value (default 0). +- bank-settings : NDFC bank configuration register value (default 0). + +Notes: +- partition(s) - follows the OF MTD standard for partitions + +Example: + +ndfc@1,0 { + compatible = "ibm,ndfc"; + reg = <0x00000001 0x00000000 0x00002000>; + ccr = <0x00001000>; + bank-settings = <0x80002222>; + #address-cells = <1>; + #size-cells = <1>; + + nand { + #address-cells = <1>; + #size-cells = <1>; + + partition@0 { + label = "kernel"; + reg = <0x00000000 0x00200000>; + }; + partition@200000 { + label = "root"; + reg = <0x00200000 0x03E00000>; + }; + }; +}; + + diff --git a/Documentation/powerpc/dts-bindings/fsl/board.txt b/Documentation/powerpc/dts-bindings/fsl/board.txt index 81a917e..6c974d2 100644 --- a/Documentation/powerpc/dts-bindings/fsl/board.txt +++ b/Documentation/powerpc/dts-bindings/fsl/board.txt @@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ This is the memory-mapped registers for on board FPGA. Required properities: - compatible : should be "fsl,fpga-pixis". -- reg : should contain the address and the lenght of the FPPGA register +- reg : should contain the address and the length of the FPPGA register set. Example (MPC8610HPCD): @@ -27,3 +27,33 @@ Example (MPC8610HPCD): compatible = "fsl,fpga-pixis"; reg = <0xe8000000 32>; }; + +* Freescale BCSR GPIO banks + +Some BCSR registers act as simple GPIO controllers, each such +register can be represented by the gpio-controller node. + +Required properities: +- compatible : Should be "fsl,<board>-bcsr-gpio". +- reg : Should contain the address and the length of the GPIO bank + register. +- #gpio-cells : Should be two. The first cell is the pin number and the + second cell is used to specify optional paramters (currently unused). +- gpio-controller : Marks the port as GPIO controller. + +Example: + + bcsr@1,0 { + #address-cells = <1>; + #size-cells = <1>; + compatible = "fsl,mpc8360mds-bcsr"; + reg = <1 0 0x8000>; + ranges = <0 1 0 0x8000>; + + bcsr13: gpio-controller@d { + #gpio-cells = <2>; + compatible = "fsl,mpc8360mds-bcsr-gpio"; + reg = <0xd 1>; + gpio-controller; + }; + }; diff --git a/Documentation/s390/Debugging390.txt b/Documentation/s390/Debugging390.txt index d30a281..10711d9 100644 --- a/Documentation/s390/Debugging390.txt +++ b/Documentation/s390/Debugging390.txt @@ -1402,7 +1402,7 @@ Syscalls are implemented on Linux for S390 by the Supervisor call instruction (S possibilities of these as the instruction is made up of a 0xA opcode & the second byte being the syscall number. They are traced using the simple command. TR SVC <Optional value or range> -the syscalls are defined in linux/include/asm-s390/unistd.h +the syscalls are defined in linux/arch/s390/include/asm/unistd.h e.g. to trace all file opens just do TR SVC 5 ( as this is the syscall number of open ) diff --git a/Documentation/s390/cds.txt b/Documentation/s390/cds.txt index c4b7b2b..480a78e 100644 --- a/Documentation/s390/cds.txt +++ b/Documentation/s390/cds.txt @@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ platform. Some of the interface routines are specific to Linux/390 and some of them can be found on other Linux platforms implementations too. Miscellaneous function prototypes, data declarations, and macro definitions can be found in the architecture specific C header file -linux/include/asm-s390/irq.h. +linux/arch/s390/include/asm/irq.h. Overview of CDS interface concepts diff --git a/Documentation/s390/s390dbf.txt b/Documentation/s390/s390dbf.txt index e054209..2d10053 100644 --- a/Documentation/s390/s390dbf.txt +++ b/Documentation/s390/s390dbf.txt @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ S390 Debug Feature ================== files: arch/s390/kernel/debug.c - include/asm-s390/debug.h + arch/s390/include/asm/debug.h Description: ------------ diff --git a/Documentation/scsi/ChangeLog.lpfc b/Documentation/scsi/ChangeLog.lpfc index ae3f962..ff19a52 100644 --- a/Documentation/scsi/ChangeLog.lpfc +++ b/Documentation/scsi/ChangeLog.lpfc @@ -733,7 +733,7 @@ Changes from 20040920 to 20041018 I/O completion path a little more, especially taking care of fast-pathing the non-error case. Also removes tons of dead members and defines from lpfc_scsi.h - e.g. lpfc_target is down - to nothing more then the lpfc_nodelist pointer. + to nothing more than the lpfc_nodelist pointer. * Added binary sysfs file to issue mbox commands * Replaced #if __BIG_ENDIAN with #if __BIG_ENDIAN_BITFIELD for compatibility with the user space applications. diff --git a/Documentation/scsi/ChangeLog.ncr53c8xx b/Documentation/scsi/ChangeLog.ncr53c8xx index a9f721a..8b278c1 100644 --- a/Documentation/scsi/ChangeLog.ncr53c8xx +++ b/Documentation/scsi/ChangeLog.ncr53c8xx @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ Sun Sep 24 21:30 2000 Gerard Roudier (groudier@club-internet.fr) Wed Jul 26 23:30 2000 Gerard Roudier (groudier@club-internet.fr) * version ncr53c8xx-3.4.1 - - Provide OpenFirmare path through the proc FS on PPC. + - Provide OpenFirmware path through the proc FS on PPC. - Remove trailing argument #2 from a couple of #undefs. Sun Jul 09 16:30 2000 Gerard Roudier (groudier@club-internet.fr) diff --git a/Documentation/scsi/ChangeLog.sym53c8xx b/Documentation/scsi/ChangeLog.sym53c8xx index ef985ec..02ffbc1 100644 --- a/Documentation/scsi/ChangeLog.sym53c8xx +++ b/Documentation/scsi/ChangeLog.sym53c8xx @@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ Sun Sep 24 21:30 2000 Gerard Roudier (groudier@club-internet.fr) Wed Jul 26 23:30 2000 Gerard Roudier (groudier@club-internet.fr) * version sym53c8xx-1.7.1 - - Provide OpenFirmare path through the proc FS on PPC. + - Provide OpenFirmware path through the proc FS on PPC. - Download of on-chip SRAM using memcpy_toio() doesn't work on PPC. Restore previous method (MEMORY MOVE from SCRIPTS). - Remove trailing argument #2 from a couple of #undefs. diff --git a/Documentation/scsi/cxgb3i.txt b/Documentation/scsi/cxgb3i.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8141fa0 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/scsi/cxgb3i.txt @@ -0,0 +1,85 @@ +Chelsio S3 iSCSI Driver for Linux + +Introduction +============ + +The Chelsio T3 ASIC based Adapters (S310, S320, S302, S304, Mezz cards, etc. +series of products) supports iSCSI acceleration and iSCSI Direct Data Placement +(DDP) where the hardware handles the expensive byte touching operations, such +as CRC computation and verification, and direct DMA to the final host memory +destination: + + - iSCSI PDU digest generation and verification + + On transmitting, Chelsio S3 h/w computes and inserts the Header and + Data digest into the PDUs. + On receiving, Chelsio S3 h/w computes and verifies the Header and + Data digest of the PDUs. + + - Direct Data Placement (DDP) + + S3 h/w can directly place the iSCSI Data-In or Data-Out PDU's + payload into pre-posted final destination host-memory buffers based + on the Initiator Task Tag (ITT) in Data-In or Target Task Tag (TTT) + in Data-Out PDUs. + + - PDU Transmit and Recovery + + On transmitting, S3 h/w accepts the complete PDU (header + data) + from the host driver, computes and inserts the digests, decomposes + the PDU into multiple TCP segments if necessary, and transmit all + the TCP segments onto the wire. It handles TCP retransmission if + needed. + + On receving, S3 h/w recovers the iSCSI PDU by reassembling TCP + segments, separating the header and data, calculating and verifying + the digests, then forwards the header to the host. The payload data, + if possible, will be directly placed into the pre-posted host DDP + buffer. Otherwise, the payload data will be sent to the host too. + +The cxgb3i driver interfaces with open-iscsi initiator and provides the iSCSI +acceleration through Chelsio hardware wherever applicable. + +Using the cxgb3i Driver +======================= + +The following steps need to be taken to accelerates the open-iscsi initiator: + +1. Load the cxgb3i driver: "modprobe cxgb3i" + + The cxgb3i module registers a new transport class "cxgb3i" with open-iscsi. + + * in the case of recompiling the kernel, the cxgb3i selection is located at + Device Drivers + SCSI device support ---> + [*] SCSI low-level drivers ---> + <M> Chelsio S3xx iSCSI support + +2. Create an interface file located under /etc/iscsi/ifaces/ for the new + transport class "cxgb3i". + + The content of the file should be in the following format: + iface.transport_name = cxgb3i + iface.net_ifacename = <ethX> + iface.ipaddress = <iscsi ip address> + + * if iface.ipaddress is specified, <iscsi ip address> needs to be either the + same as the ethX's ip address or an address on the same subnet. Make + sure the ip address is unique in the network. + +3. edit /etc/iscsi/iscsid.conf + The default setting for MaxRecvDataSegmentLength (131072) is too big, + replace "node.conn[0].iscsi.MaxRecvDataSegmentLength" to be a value no + bigger than 15360 (for example 8192): + + node.conn[0].iscsi.MaxRecvDataSegmentLength = 8192 + + * The login would fail for a normal session if MaxRecvDataSegmentLength is + too big. A error message in the format of + "cxgb3i: ERR! MaxRecvSegmentLength <X> too big. Need to be <= <Y>." + would be logged to dmesg. + +4. To direct open-iscsi traffic to go through cxgb3i's accelerated path, + "-I <iface file name>" option needs to be specified with most of the + iscsiadm command. <iface file name> is the transport interface file created + in step 2. diff --git a/Documentation/scsi/scsi_fc_transport.txt b/Documentation/scsi/scsi_fc_transport.txt index 38d324d..e5b071d 100644 --- a/Documentation/scsi/scsi_fc_transport.txt +++ b/Documentation/scsi/scsi_fc_transport.txt @@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ Vport States: This is equivalent to a driver "attach" on an adapter, which is independent of the adapter's link state. - Instantiation of the vport on the FC link via ELS traffic, etc. - This is equivalent to a "link up" and successfull link initialization. + This is equivalent to a "link up" and successful link initialization. Further information can be found in the interfaces section below for Vport Creation. @@ -320,7 +320,7 @@ Vport Creation: This is equivalent to a driver "attach" on an adapter, which is independent of the adapter's link state. - Instantiation of the vport on the FC link via ELS traffic, etc. - This is equivalent to a "link up" and successfull link initialization. + This is equivalent to a "link up" and successful link initialization. The LLDD's vport_create() function will not synchronously wait for both parts to be fully completed before returning. It must validate that the diff --git a/Documentation/spi/spi-lm70llp b/Documentation/spi/spi-lm70llp index 154bd02..34a9cfd 100644 --- a/Documentation/spi/spi-lm70llp +++ b/Documentation/spi/spi-lm70llp @@ -13,10 +13,20 @@ Description This driver provides glue code connecting a National Semiconductor LM70 LLP temperature sensor evaluation board to the kernel's SPI core subsystem. +This is a SPI master controller driver. It can be used in conjunction with +(layered under) the LM70 logical driver (a "SPI protocol driver"). In effect, this driver turns the parallel port interface on the eval board into a SPI bus with a single device, which will be driven by the generic LM70 driver (drivers/hwmon/lm70.c). + +Hardware Interfacing +-------------------- +The schematic for this particular board (the LM70EVAL-LLP) is +available (on page 4) here: + + http://www.national.com/appinfo/tempsensors/files/LM70LLPEVALmanual.pdf + The hardware interfacing on the LM70 LLP eval board is as follows: Parallel LM70 LLP diff --git a/Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt b/Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt index d79eeda..a341507 100644 --- a/Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt +++ b/Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt @@ -38,10 +38,12 @@ Currently, these files are in /proc/sys/vm: - numa_zonelist_order - nr_hugepages - nr_overcommit_hugepages +- nr_trim_pages (only if CONFIG_MMU=n) ============================================================== -dirty_ratio, dirty_background_ratio, dirty_expire_centisecs, +dirty_bytes, dirty_ratio, dirty_background_bytes, +dirty_background_ratio, dirty_expire_centisecs, dirty_writeback_centisecs, highmem_is_dirtyable, vfs_cache_pressure, laptop_mode, block_dump, swap_token_timeout, drop-caches, hugepages_treat_as_movable: @@ -347,3 +349,20 @@ Change the maximum size of the hugepage pool. The maximum is nr_hugepages + nr_overcommit_hugepages. See Documentation/vm/hugetlbpage.txt + +============================================================== + +nr_trim_pages + +This is available only on NOMMU kernels. + +This value adjusts the excess page trimming behaviour of power-of-2 aligned +NOMMU mmap allocations. + +A value of 0 disables trimming of allocations entirely, while a value of 1 +trims excess pages aggressively. Any value >= 1 acts as the watermark where +trimming of allocations is initiated. + +The default value is 1. + +See Documentation/nommu-mmap.txt for more information. diff --git a/Documentation/usb/power-management.txt b/Documentation/usb/power-management.txt index e48ea1d..ad64261 100644 --- a/Documentation/usb/power-management.txt +++ b/Documentation/usb/power-management.txt @@ -313,11 +313,13 @@ three of the methods listed above. In addition, a driver indicates that it supports autosuspend by setting the .supports_autosuspend flag in its usb_driver structure. It is then responsible for informing the USB core whenever one of its interfaces becomes busy or idle. The -driver does so by calling these three functions: +driver does so by calling these five functions: int usb_autopm_get_interface(struct usb_interface *intf); void usb_autopm_put_interface(struct usb_interface *intf); int usb_autopm_set_interface(struct usb_interface *intf); + int usb_autopm_get_interface_async(struct usb_interface *intf); + void usb_autopm_put_interface_async(struct usb_interface *intf); The functions work by maintaining a counter in the usb_interface structure. When intf->pm_usage_count is > 0 then the interface is @@ -330,10 +332,12 @@ associated with the device itself rather than any of its interfaces. This field is used only by the USB core.) The driver owns intf->pm_usage_count; it can modify the value however -and whenever it likes. A nice aspect of the usb_autopm_* routines is -that the changes they make are protected by the usb_device structure's -PM mutex (udev->pm_mutex); however drivers may change pm_usage_count -without holding the mutex. +and whenever it likes. A nice aspect of the non-async usb_autopm_* +routines is that the changes they make are protected by the usb_device +structure's PM mutex (udev->pm_mutex); however drivers may change +pm_usage_count without holding the mutex. Drivers using the async +routines are responsible for their own synchronization and mutual +exclusion. usb_autopm_get_interface() increments pm_usage_count and attempts an autoresume if the new value is > 0 and the @@ -348,6 +352,14 @@ without holding the mutex. is suspended, and it attempts an autosuspend if the value is <= 0 and the device isn't suspended. + usb_autopm_get_interface_async() and + usb_autopm_put_interface_async() do almost the same things as + their non-async counterparts. The differences are: they do + not acquire the PM mutex, and they use a workqueue to do their + jobs. As a result they can be called in an atomic context, + such as an URB's completion handler, but when they return the + device will not generally not yet be in the desired state. + There also are a couple of utility routines drivers can use: usb_autopm_enable() sets pm_usage_cnt to 0 and then calls diff --git a/Documentation/usb/wusb-cbaf b/Documentation/usb/wusb-cbaf index 2e78b70..426ddaa 100644 --- a/Documentation/usb/wusb-cbaf +++ b/Documentation/usb/wusb-cbaf @@ -80,12 +80,6 @@ case $1 in start) for dev in ${2:-$hdevs} do - uwb_rc=$(readlink -f $dev/uwb_rc) - if cat $uwb_rc/beacon | grep -q -- "-1" - then - echo 13 0 > $uwb_rc/beacon - echo I: started beaconing on ch 13 on $(basename $uwb_rc) >&2 - fi echo $host_CHID > $dev/wusb_chid echo I: started host $(basename $dev) >&2 done @@ -95,9 +89,6 @@ case $1 in do echo 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 > $dev/wusb_chid echo I: stopped host $(basename $dev) >&2 - uwb_rc=$(readlink -f $dev/uwb_rc) - echo -1 | cat > $uwb_rc/beacon - echo I: stopped beaconing on $(basename $uwb_rc) >&2 done ;; set-chid) diff --git a/Documentation/video4linux/API.html b/Documentation/video4linux/API.html index afbe9ae..d749d41 100644 --- a/Documentation/video4linux/API.html +++ b/Documentation/video4linux/API.html @@ -1,16 +1,27 @@ -<TITLE>V4L API</TITLE> -<H1>Video For Linux APIs</H1> -<table border=0> -<tr> -<td> -<A HREF=http://www.linuxtv.org/downloads/video4linux/API/V4L1_API.html> -V4L original API</a> -</td><td> -Obsoleted by V4L2 API -</td></tr><tr><td> -<A HREF=http://www.linuxtv.org/downloads/video4linux/API/V4L2_API> -V4L2 API</a> -</td><td> -Should be used for new projects -</td></tr> -</table> +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en"> + <head> + <meta content="text/html;charset=ISO-8859-2" http-equiv="Content-Type" /> + <title>V4L API</title> + </head> + <body> + <h1>Video For Linux APIs</h1> + <table border="0"> + <tr> + <td> + <a href="http://www.linuxtv.org/downloads/video4linux/API/V4L1_API.html">V4L original API</a> + </td> + <td> + Obsoleted by V4L2 API + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + <a href="http://www.linuxtv.org/downloads/video4linux/API/V4L2_API">V4L2 API</a> + </td> + <td>Should be used for new projects + </td> + </tr> + </table> + </body> +</html> diff --git a/Documentation/video4linux/CARDLIST.bttv b/Documentation/video4linux/CARDLIST.bttv index 60ba668..0d93fa1 100644 --- a/Documentation/video4linux/CARDLIST.bttv +++ b/Documentation/video4linux/CARDLIST.bttv @@ -104,8 +104,8 @@ 103 -> Grand X-Guard / Trust 814PCI [0304:0102] 104 -> Nebula Electronics DigiTV [0071:0101] 105 -> ProVideo PV143 [aa00:1430,aa00:1431,aa00:1432,aa00:1433,aa03:1433] -106 -> PHYTEC VD-009-X1 MiniDIN (bt878) -107 -> PHYTEC VD-009-X1 Combi (bt878) +106 -> PHYTEC VD-009-X1 VD-011 MiniDIN (bt878) +107 -> PHYTEC VD-009-X1 VD-011 Combi (bt878) 108 -> PHYTEC VD-009 MiniDIN (bt878) 109 -> PHYTEC VD-009 Combi (bt878) 110 -> IVC-100 [ff00:a132] @@ -151,3 +151,6 @@ 150 -> Geovision GV-600 [008a:763c] 151 -> Kozumi KTV-01C 152 -> Encore ENL TV-FM-2 [1000:1801] +153 -> PHYTEC VD-012 (bt878) +154 -> PHYTEC VD-012-X1 (bt878) +155 -> PHYTEC VD-012-X2 (bt878) diff --git a/Documentation/video4linux/CARDLIST.cx23885 b/Documentation/video4linux/CARDLIST.cx23885 index 64823cc..35ea130 100644 --- a/Documentation/video4linux/CARDLIST.cx23885 +++ b/Documentation/video4linux/CARDLIST.cx23885 @@ -11,3 +11,4 @@ 10 -> DViCO FusionHDTV7 Dual Express [18ac:d618] 11 -> DViCO FusionHDTV DVB-T Dual Express [18ac:db78] 12 -> Leadtek Winfast PxDVR3200 H [107d:6681] + 13 -> Compro VideoMate E650F [185b:e800] diff --git a/Documentation/video4linux/CARDLIST.cx88 b/Documentation/video4linux/CARDLIST.cx88 index a5227e3..0d08f1e 100644 --- a/Documentation/video4linux/CARDLIST.cx88 +++ b/Documentation/video4linux/CARDLIST.cx88 @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ 1 -> Hauppauge WinTV 34xxx models [0070:3400,0070:3401] 2 -> GDI Black Gold [14c7:0106,14c7:0107] 3 -> PixelView [1554:4811] - 4 -> ATI TV Wonder Pro [1002:00f8] + 4 -> ATI TV Wonder Pro [1002:00f8,1002:00f9] 5 -> Leadtek Winfast 2000XP Expert [107d:6611,107d:6613] 6 -> AverTV Studio 303 (M126) [1461:000b] 7 -> MSI TV-@nywhere Master [1462:8606] @@ -74,3 +74,6 @@ 73 -> TeVii S420 DVB-S [d420:9022] 74 -> Prolink Pixelview Global Extreme [1554:4976] 75 -> PROF 7300 DVB-S/S2 [B033:3033] + 76 -> SATTRADE ST4200 DVB-S/S2 [b200:4200] + 77 -> TBS 8910 DVB-S [8910:8888] + 78 -> Prof 6200 DVB-S [b022:3022] diff --git a/Documentation/video4linux/CARDLIST.em28xx b/Documentation/video4linux/CARDLIST.em28xx index 187cc48..75bded8 100644 --- a/Documentation/video4linux/CARDLIST.em28xx +++ b/Documentation/video4linux/CARDLIST.em28xx @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ 0 -> Unknown EM2800 video grabber (em2800) [eb1a:2800] - 1 -> Unknown EM2750/28xx video grabber (em2820/em2840) [eb1a:2820,eb1a:2860,eb1a:2861,eb1a:2870,eb1a:2881,eb1a:2883] + 1 -> Unknown EM2750/28xx video grabber (em2820/em2840) [eb1a:2820,eb1a:2821,eb1a:2860,eb1a:2861,eb1a:2870,eb1a:2881,eb1a:2883] 2 -> Terratec Cinergy 250 USB (em2820/em2840) [0ccd:0036] 3 -> Pinnacle PCTV USB 2 (em2820/em2840) [2304:0208] 4 -> Hauppauge WinTV USB 2 (em2820/em2840) [2040:4200,2040:4201] @@ -12,9 +12,9 @@ 11 -> Terratec Hybrid XS (em2880) [0ccd:0042] 12 -> Kworld PVR TV 2800 RF (em2820/em2840) 13 -> Terratec Prodigy XS (em2880) [0ccd:0047] - 14 -> Pixelview Prolink PlayTV USB 2.0 (em2820/em2840) [eb1a:2821] + 14 -> Pixelview Prolink PlayTV USB 2.0 (em2820/em2840) 15 -> V-Gear PocketTV (em2800) - 16 -> Hauppauge WinTV HVR 950 (em2883) [2040:6513,2040:6517,2040:651b,2040:651f] + 16 -> Hauppauge WinTV HVR 950 (em2883) [2040:6513,2040:6517,2040:651b] 17 -> Pinnacle PCTV HD Pro Stick (em2880) [2304:0227] 18 -> Hauppauge WinTV HVR 900 (R2) (em2880) [2040:6502] 19 -> PointNix Intra-Oral Camera (em2860) @@ -27,7 +27,6 @@ 26 -> Hercules Smart TV USB 2.0 (em2820/em2840) 27 -> Pinnacle PCTV USB 2 (Philips FM1216ME) (em2820/em2840) 28 -> Leadtek Winfast USB II Deluxe (em2820/em2840) - 29 -> Pinnacle Dazzle DVC 100 (em2820/em2840) 30 -> Videology 20K14XUSB USB2.0 (em2820/em2840) 31 -> Usbgear VD204v9 (em2821) 32 -> Supercomp USB 2.0 TV (em2821) @@ -57,3 +56,5 @@ 56 -> Pinnacle Hybrid Pro (2) (em2882) [2304:0226] 57 -> Kworld PlusTV HD Hybrid 330 (em2883) [eb1a:a316] 58 -> Compro VideoMate ForYou/Stereo (em2820/em2840) [185b:2041] + 60 -> Hauppauge WinTV HVR 850 (em2883) [2040:651f] + 61 -> Pixelview PlayTV Box 4 USB 2.0 (em2820/em2840) diff --git a/Documentation/video4linux/CARDLIST.saa7134 b/Documentation/video4linux/CARDLIST.saa7134 index dc67eef..b8d4705 100644 --- a/Documentation/video4linux/CARDLIST.saa7134 +++ b/Documentation/video4linux/CARDLIST.saa7134 @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ 9 -> Medion 5044 10 -> Kworld/KuroutoShikou SAA7130-TVPCI 11 -> Terratec Cinergy 600 TV [153b:1143] - 12 -> Medion 7134 [16be:0003] + 12 -> Medion 7134 [16be:0003,16be:5000] 13 -> Typhoon TV+Radio 90031 14 -> ELSA EX-VISION 300TV [1048:226b] 15 -> ELSA EX-VISION 500TV [1048:226a] @@ -151,3 +151,5 @@ 150 -> Zogis Real Angel 220 151 -> ADS Tech Instant HDTV [1421:0380] 152 -> Asus Tiger Rev:1.00 [1043:4857] +153 -> Kworld Plus TV Analog Lite PCI [17de:7128] +154 -> Avermedia AVerTV GO 007 FM Plus [1461:f31d] diff --git a/Documentation/video4linux/README.cx88 b/Documentation/video4linux/README.cx88 index 166d596..35fae23 100644 --- a/Documentation/video4linux/README.cx88 +++ b/Documentation/video4linux/README.cx88 @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ - cx8800 release notes ==================== @@ -10,21 +9,20 @@ current status video - Basically works. - - Some minor image quality glitches. - - For now only capture, overlay support isn't completed yet. + - For now, only capture and read(). Overlay isn't supported. audio - The chip specs for the on-chip TV sound decoder are next to useless :-/ - Neverless the builtin TV sound decoder starts working now, - at least for PAL-BG. Other TV norms need other code ... + at least for some standards. FOR ANY REPORTS ON THIS PLEASE MENTION THE TV NORM YOU ARE USING. - Most tuner chips do provide mono sound, which may or may not be useable depending on the board design. With the Hauppauge cards it works, so there is mono sound available as fallback. - audio data dma (i.e. recording without loopback cable to the - sound card) should be possible, but there is no code yet ... + sound card) is supported via cx88-alsa. vbi - Code present. Works for NTSC closed caption. PAL and other diff --git a/Documentation/video4linux/gspca.txt b/Documentation/video4linux/gspca.txt index 004818f..1c58a76 100644 --- a/Documentation/video4linux/gspca.txt +++ b/Documentation/video4linux/gspca.txt @@ -50,9 +50,14 @@ ov519 045e:028c Micro$oft xbox cam spca508 0461:0815 Micro Innovation IC200 sunplus 0461:0821 Fujifilm MV-1 zc3xx 0461:0a00 MicroInnovation WebCam320 +stv06xx 046d:0840 QuickCam Express +stv06xx 046d:0850 LEGO cam / QuickCam Web +stv06xx 046d:0870 Dexxa WebCam USB spca500 046d:0890 Logitech QuickCam traveler vc032x 046d:0892 Logitech Orbicam vc032x 046d:0896 Logitech Orbicam +vc032x 046d:0897 Logitech QuickCam for Dell notebooks +zc3xx 046d:089d Logitech QuickCam E2500 zc3xx 046d:08a0 Logitech QC IM zc3xx 046d:08a1 Logitech QC IM 0x08A1 +sound zc3xx 046d:08a2 Labtec Webcam Pro @@ -169,6 +174,9 @@ spca500 06bd:0404 Agfa CL20 spca500 06be:0800 Optimedia sunplus 06d6:0031 Trust 610 LCD PowerC@m Zoom spca506 06e1:a190 ADS Instant VCD +ov534 06f8:3002 Hercules Blog Webcam +ov534 06f8:3003 Hercules Dualpix HD Weblog +sonixj 06f8:3004 Hercules Classic Silver spca508 0733:0110 ViewQuest VQ110 spca508 0130:0130 Clone Digital Webcam 11043 spca501 0733:0401 Intel Create and Share @@ -199,7 +207,8 @@ sunplus 08ca:2050 Medion MD 41437 sunplus 08ca:2060 Aiptek PocketDV5300 tv8532 0923:010f ICM532 cams mars 093a:050f Mars-Semi Pc-Camera -pac207 093a:2460 PAC207 Qtec Webcam 100 +pac207 093a:2460 Qtec Webcam 100 +pac207 093a:2461 HP Webcam pac207 093a:2463 Philips SPC 220 NC pac207 093a:2464 Labtec Webcam 1200 pac207 093a:2468 PAC207 @@ -213,10 +222,13 @@ pac7311 093a:2603 PAC7312 pac7311 093a:2608 Trust WB-3300p pac7311 093a:260e Gigaware VGA PC Camera, Trust WB-3350p, SIGMA cam 2350 pac7311 093a:260f SnakeCam +pac7311 093a:2620 Apollo AC-905 pac7311 093a:2621 PAC731x +pac7311 093a:2622 Genius Eye 312 pac7311 093a:2624 PAC7302 pac7311 093a:2626 Labtec 2200 pac7311 093a:262a Webcam 300k +pac7311 093a:262c Philips SPC 230 NC zc3xx 0ac8:0302 Z-star Vimicro zc0302 vc032x 0ac8:0321 Vimicro generic vc0321 vc032x 0ac8:0323 Vimicro Vc0323 @@ -249,11 +261,13 @@ sonixj 0c45:60c0 Sangha Sn535 sonixj 0c45:60ec SN9C105+MO4000 sonixj 0c45:60fb Surfer NoName sonixj 0c45:60fc LG-LIC300 +sonixj 0c45:60fe Microdia Audio sonixj 0c45:6128 Microdia/Sonix SNP325 sonixj 0c45:612a Avant Camera sonixj 0c45:612c Typhoon Rasy Cam 1.3MPix sonixj 0c45:6130 Sonix Pccam sonixj 0c45:6138 Sn9c120 Mo4000 +sonixj 0c45:613a Microdia Sonix PC Camera sonixj 0c45:613b Surfer SN-206 sonixj 0c45:613c Sonix Pccam168 sonixj 0c45:6143 Sonix Pccam168 @@ -263,6 +277,9 @@ etoms 102c:6251 Qcam xxxxxx VGA zc3xx 10fd:0128 Typhoon Webshot II USB 300k 0x0128 spca561 10fd:7e50 FlyCam Usb 100 zc3xx 10fd:8050 Typhoon Webshot II USB 300k +ov534 1415:2000 Sony HD Eye for PS3 (SLEH 00201) +pac207 145f:013a Trust WB-1300N +vc032x 15b8:6002 HP 2.0 Megapixel rz406aa spca501 1776:501c Arowana 300K CMOS Camera t613 17a1:0128 TASCORP JPEG Webcam, NGS Cyclops vc032x 17ef:4802 Lenovo Vc0323+MI1310_SOC diff --git a/Documentation/video4linux/si470x.txt b/Documentation/video4linux/si470x.txt index 11c5fd2..49679e6 100644 --- a/Documentation/video4linux/si470x.txt +++ b/Documentation/video4linux/si470x.txt @@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ chips are known to work: - 10c4:818a: Silicon Labs USB FM Radio Reference Design - 06e1:a155: ADS/Tech FM Radio Receiver (formerly Instant FM Music) (RDX-155-EF) - 1b80:d700: KWorld USB FM Radio SnapMusic Mobile 700 (FM700) +- 10c5:819a: DealExtreme USB Radio Software diff --git a/Documentation/video4linux/v4l2-framework.txt b/Documentation/video4linux/v4l2-framework.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ff12437 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/video4linux/v4l2-framework.txt @@ -0,0 +1,521 @@ +Overview of the V4L2 driver framework +===================================== + +This text documents the various structures provided by the V4L2 framework and +their relationships. + + +Introduction +------------ + +The V4L2 drivers tend to be very complex due to the complexity of the +hardware: most devices have multiple ICs, export multiple device nodes in +/dev, and create also non-V4L2 devices such as DVB, ALSA, FB, I2C and input +(IR) devices. + +Especially the fact that V4L2 drivers have to setup supporting ICs to +do audio/video muxing/encoding/decoding makes it more complex than most. +Usually these ICs are connected to the main bridge driver through one or +more I2C busses, but other busses can also be used. Such devices are +called 'sub-devices'. + +For a long time the framework was limited to the video_device struct for +creating V4L device nodes and video_buf for handling the video buffers +(note that this document does not discuss the video_buf framework). + +This meant that all drivers had to do the setup of device instances and +connecting to sub-devices themselves. Some of this is quite complicated +to do right and many drivers never did do it correctly. + +There is also a lot of common code that could never be refactored due to +the lack of a framework. + +So this framework sets up the basic building blocks that all drivers +need and this same framework should make it much easier to refactor +common code into utility functions shared by all drivers. + + +Structure of a driver +--------------------- + +All drivers have the following structure: + +1) A struct for each device instance containing the device state. + +2) A way of initializing and commanding sub-devices (if any). + +3) Creating V4L2 device nodes (/dev/videoX, /dev/vbiX, /dev/radioX and + /dev/vtxX) and keeping track of device-node specific data. + +4) Filehandle-specific structs containing per-filehandle data. + +This is a rough schematic of how it all relates: + + device instances + | + +-sub-device instances + | + \-V4L2 device nodes + | + \-filehandle instances + + +Structure of the framework +-------------------------- + +The framework closely resembles the driver structure: it has a v4l2_device +struct for the device instance data, a v4l2_subdev struct to refer to +sub-device instances, the video_device struct stores V4L2 device node data +and in the future a v4l2_fh struct will keep track of filehandle instances +(this is not yet implemented). + + +struct v4l2_device +------------------ + +Each device instance is represented by a struct v4l2_device (v4l2-device.h). +Very simple devices can just allocate this struct, but most of the time you +would embed this struct inside a larger struct. + +You must register the device instance: + + v4l2_device_register(struct device *dev, struct v4l2_device *v4l2_dev); + +Registration will initialize the v4l2_device struct and link dev->driver_data +to v4l2_dev. Registration will also set v4l2_dev->name to a value derived from +dev (driver name followed by the bus_id, to be precise). You may change the +name after registration if you want. + +The first 'dev' argument is normally the struct device pointer of a pci_dev, +usb_device or platform_device. + +You unregister with: + + v4l2_device_unregister(struct v4l2_device *v4l2_dev); + +Unregistering will also automatically unregister all subdevs from the device. + +Sometimes you need to iterate over all devices registered by a specific +driver. This is usually the case if multiple device drivers use the same +hardware. E.g. the ivtvfb driver is a framebuffer driver that uses the ivtv +hardware. The same is true for alsa drivers for example. + +You can iterate over all registered devices as follows: + +static int callback(struct device *dev, void *p) +{ + struct v4l2_device *v4l2_dev = dev_get_drvdata(dev); + + /* test if this device was inited */ + if (v4l2_dev == NULL) + return 0; + ... + return 0; +} + +int iterate(void *p) +{ + struct device_driver *drv; + int err; + + /* Find driver 'ivtv' on the PCI bus. + pci_bus_type is a global. For USB busses use usb_bus_type. */ + drv = driver_find("ivtv", &pci_bus_type); + /* iterate over all ivtv device instances */ + err = driver_for_each_device(drv, NULL, p, callback); + put_driver(drv); + return err; +} + +Sometimes you need to keep a running counter of the device instance. This is +commonly used to map a device instance to an index of a module option array. + +The recommended approach is as follows: + +static atomic_t drv_instance = ATOMIC_INIT(0); + +static int __devinit drv_probe(struct pci_dev *dev, + const struct pci_device_id *pci_id) +{ + ... + state->instance = atomic_inc_return(&drv_instance) - 1; +} + + +struct v4l2_subdev +------------------ + +Many drivers need to communicate with sub-devices. These devices can do all +sort of tasks, but most commonly they handle audio and/or video muxing, +encoding or decoding. For webcams common sub-devices are sensors and camera +controllers. + +Usually these are I2C devices, but not necessarily. In order to provide the +driver with a consistent interface to these sub-devices the v4l2_subdev struct +(v4l2-subdev.h) was created. + +Each sub-device driver must have a v4l2_subdev struct. This struct can be +stand-alone for simple sub-devices or it might be embedded in a larger struct +if more state information needs to be stored. Usually there is a low-level +device struct (e.g. i2c_client) that contains the device data as setup +by the kernel. It is recommended to store that pointer in the private +data of v4l2_subdev using v4l2_set_subdevdata(). That makes it easy to go +from a v4l2_subdev to the actual low-level bus-specific device data. + +You also need a way to go from the low-level struct to v4l2_subdev. For the +common i2c_client struct the i2c_set_clientdata() call is used to store a +v4l2_subdev pointer, for other busses you may have to use other methods. + +From the bridge driver perspective you load the sub-device module and somehow +obtain the v4l2_subdev pointer. For i2c devices this is easy: you call +i2c_get_clientdata(). For other busses something similar needs to be done. +Helper functions exists for sub-devices on an I2C bus that do most of this +tricky work for you. + +Each v4l2_subdev contains function pointers that sub-device drivers can +implement (or leave NULL if it is not applicable). Since sub-devices can do +so many different things and you do not want to end up with a huge ops struct +of which only a handful of ops are commonly implemented, the function pointers +are sorted according to category and each category has its own ops struct. + +The top-level ops struct contains pointers to the category ops structs, which +may be NULL if the subdev driver does not support anything from that category. + +It looks like this: + +struct v4l2_subdev_core_ops { + int (*g_chip_ident)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd, struct v4l2_dbg_chip_ident *chip); + int (*log_status)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd); + int (*init)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd, u32 val); + ... +}; + +struct v4l2_subdev_tuner_ops { + ... +}; + +struct v4l2_subdev_audio_ops { + ... +}; + +struct v4l2_subdev_video_ops { + ... +}; + +struct v4l2_subdev_ops { + const struct v4l2_subdev_core_ops *core; + const struct v4l2_subdev_tuner_ops *tuner; + const struct v4l2_subdev_audio_ops *audio; + const struct v4l2_subdev_video_ops *video; +}; + +The core ops are common to all subdevs, the other categories are implemented +depending on the sub-device. E.g. a video device is unlikely to support the +audio ops and vice versa. + +This setup limits the number of function pointers while still making it easy +to add new ops and categories. + +A sub-device driver initializes the v4l2_subdev struct using: + + v4l2_subdev_init(subdev, &ops); + +Afterwards you need to initialize subdev->name with a unique name and set the +module owner. This is done for you if you use the i2c helper functions. + +A device (bridge) driver needs to register the v4l2_subdev with the +v4l2_device: + + int err = v4l2_device_register_subdev(device, subdev); + +This can fail if the subdev module disappeared before it could be registered. +After this function was called successfully the subdev->dev field points to +the v4l2_device. + +You can unregister a sub-device using: + + v4l2_device_unregister_subdev(subdev); + +Afterwards the subdev module can be unloaded and subdev->dev == NULL. + +You can call an ops function either directly: + + err = subdev->ops->core->g_chip_ident(subdev, &chip); + +but it is better and easier to use this macro: + + err = v4l2_subdev_call(subdev, core, g_chip_ident, &chip); + +The macro will to the right NULL pointer checks and returns -ENODEV if subdev +is NULL, -ENOIOCTLCMD if either subdev->core or subdev->core->g_chip_ident is +NULL, or the actual result of the subdev->ops->core->g_chip_ident ops. + +It is also possible to call all or a subset of the sub-devices: + + v4l2_device_call_all(dev, 0, core, g_chip_ident, &chip); + +Any subdev that does not support this ops is skipped and error results are +ignored. If you want to check for errors use this: + + err = v4l2_device_call_until_err(dev, 0, core, g_chip_ident, &chip); + +Any error except -ENOIOCTLCMD will exit the loop with that error. If no +errors (except -ENOIOCTLCMD) occured, then 0 is returned. + +The second argument to both calls is a group ID. If 0, then all subdevs are +called. If non-zero, then only those whose group ID match that value will +be called. Before a bridge driver registers a subdev it can set subdev->grp_id +to whatever value it wants (it's 0 by default). This value is owned by the +bridge driver and the sub-device driver will never modify or use it. + +The group ID gives the bridge driver more control how callbacks are called. +For example, there may be multiple audio chips on a board, each capable of +changing the volume. But usually only one will actually be used when the +user want to change the volume. You can set the group ID for that subdev to +e.g. AUDIO_CONTROLLER and specify that as the group ID value when calling +v4l2_device_call_all(). That ensures that it will only go to the subdev +that needs it. + +The advantage of using v4l2_subdev is that it is a generic struct and does +not contain any knowledge about the underlying hardware. So a driver might +contain several subdevs that use an I2C bus, but also a subdev that is +controlled through GPIO pins. This distinction is only relevant when setting +up the device, but once the subdev is registered it is completely transparent. + + +I2C sub-device drivers +---------------------- + +Since these drivers are so common, special helper functions are available to +ease the use of these drivers (v4l2-common.h). + +The recommended method of adding v4l2_subdev support to an I2C driver is to +embed the v4l2_subdev struct into the state struct that is created for each +I2C device instance. Very simple devices have no state struct and in that case +you can just create a v4l2_subdev directly. + +A typical state struct would look like this (where 'chipname' is replaced by +the name of the chip): + +struct chipname_state { + struct v4l2_subdev sd; + ... /* additional state fields */ +}; + +Initialize the v4l2_subdev struct as follows: + + v4l2_i2c_subdev_init(&state->sd, client, subdev_ops); + +This function will fill in all the fields of v4l2_subdev and ensure that the +v4l2_subdev and i2c_client both point to one another. + +You should also add a helper inline function to go from a v4l2_subdev pointer +to a chipname_state struct: + +static inline struct chipname_state *to_state(struct v4l2_subdev *sd) +{ + return container_of(sd, struct chipname_state, sd); +} + +Use this to go from the v4l2_subdev struct to the i2c_client struct: + + struct i2c_client *client = v4l2_get_subdevdata(sd); + +And this to go from an i2c_client to a v4l2_subdev struct: + + struct v4l2_subdev *sd = i2c_get_clientdata(client); + +Finally you need to make a command function to make driver->command() +call the right subdev_ops functions: + +static int subdev_command(struct i2c_client *client, unsigned cmd, void *arg) +{ + return v4l2_subdev_command(i2c_get_clientdata(client), cmd, arg); +} + +If driver->command is never used then you can leave this out. Eventually the +driver->command usage should be removed from v4l. + +Make sure to call v4l2_device_unregister_subdev(sd) when the remove() callback +is called. This will unregister the sub-device from the bridge driver. It is +safe to call this even if the sub-device was never registered. + + +The bridge driver also has some helper functions it can use: + +struct v4l2_subdev *sd = v4l2_i2c_new_subdev(adapter, "module_foo", "chipid", 0x36); + +This loads the given module (can be NULL if no module needs to be loaded) and +calls i2c_new_device() with the given i2c_adapter and chip/address arguments. +If all goes well, then it registers the subdev with the v4l2_device. It gets +the v4l2_device by calling i2c_get_adapdata(adapter), so you should make sure +that adapdata is set to v4l2_device when you setup the i2c_adapter in your +driver. + +You can also use v4l2_i2c_new_probed_subdev() which is very similar to +v4l2_i2c_new_subdev(), except that it has an array of possible I2C addresses +that it should probe. Internally it calls i2c_new_probed_device(). + +Both functions return NULL if something went wrong. + + +struct video_device +------------------- + +The actual device nodes in the /dev directory are created using the +video_device struct (v4l2-dev.h). This struct can either be allocated +dynamically or embedded in a larger struct. + +To allocate it dynamically use: + + struct video_device *vdev = video_device_alloc(); + + if (vdev == NULL) + return -ENOMEM; + + vdev->release = video_device_release; + +If you embed it in a larger struct, then you must set the release() +callback to your own function: + + struct video_device *vdev = &my_vdev->vdev; + + vdev->release = my_vdev_release; + +The release callback must be set and it is called when the last user +of the video device exits. + +The default video_device_release() callback just calls kfree to free the +allocated memory. + +You should also set these fields: + +- v4l2_dev: set to the v4l2_device parent device. +- name: set to something descriptive and unique. +- fops: set to the v4l2_file_operations struct. +- ioctl_ops: if you use the v4l2_ioctl_ops to simplify ioctl maintenance + (highly recommended to use this and it might become compulsory in the + future!), then set this to your v4l2_ioctl_ops struct. + +If you use v4l2_ioctl_ops, then you should set either .unlocked_ioctl or +.ioctl to video_ioctl2 in your v4l2_file_operations struct. + +The v4l2_file_operations struct is a subset of file_operations. The main +difference is that the inode argument is omitted since it is never used. + + +video_device registration +------------------------- + +Next you register the video device: this will create the character device +for you. + + err = video_register_device(vdev, VFL_TYPE_GRABBER, -1); + if (err) { + video_device_release(vdev); /* or kfree(my_vdev); */ + return err; + } + +Which device is registered depends on the type argument. The following +types exist: + +VFL_TYPE_GRABBER: videoX for video input/output devices +VFL_TYPE_VBI: vbiX for vertical blank data (i.e. closed captions, teletext) +VFL_TYPE_RADIO: radioX for radio tuners +VFL_TYPE_VTX: vtxX for teletext devices (deprecated, don't use) + +The last argument gives you a certain amount of control over the device +kernel number used (i.e. the X in videoX). Normally you will pass -1 to +let the v4l2 framework pick the first free number. But if a driver creates +many devices, then it can be useful to have different video devices in +separate ranges. For example, video capture devices start at 0, video +output devices start at 16. + +So you can use the last argument to specify a minimum kernel number and +the v4l2 framework will try to pick the first free number that is equal +or higher to what you passed. If that fails, then it will just pick the +first free number. + +Whenever a device node is created some attributes are also created for you. +If you look in /sys/class/video4linux you see the devices. Go into e.g. +video0 and you will see 'name' and 'index' attributes. The 'name' attribute +is the 'name' field of the video_device struct. The 'index' attribute is +a device node index that can be assigned by the driver, or that is calculated +for you. + +If you call video_register_device(), then the index is just increased by +1 for each device node you register. The first video device node you register +always starts off with 0. + +Alternatively you can call video_register_device_index() which is identical +to video_register_device(), but with an extra index argument. Here you can +pass a specific index value (between 0 and 31) that should be used. + +Users can setup udev rules that utilize the index attribute to make fancy +device names (e.g. 'mpegX' for MPEG video capture device nodes). + +After the device was successfully registered, then you can use these fields: + +- vfl_type: the device type passed to video_register_device. +- minor: the assigned device minor number. +- num: the device kernel number (i.e. the X in videoX). +- index: the device index number (calculated or set explicitly using + video_register_device_index). + +If the registration failed, then you need to call video_device_release() +to free the allocated video_device struct, or free your own struct if the +video_device was embedded in it. The vdev->release() callback will never +be called if the registration failed, nor should you ever attempt to +unregister the device if the registration failed. + + +video_device cleanup +-------------------- + +When the video device nodes have to be removed, either during the unload +of the driver or because the USB device was disconnected, then you should +unregister them: + + video_unregister_device(vdev); + +This will remove the device nodes from sysfs (causing udev to remove them +from /dev). + +After video_unregister_device() returns no new opens can be done. + +However, in the case of USB devices some application might still have one +of these device nodes open. You should block all new accesses to read, +write, poll, etc. except possibly for certain ioctl operations like +queueing buffers. + +When the last user of the video device node exits, then the vdev->release() +callback is called and you can do the final cleanup there. + + +video_device helper functions +----------------------------- + +There are a few useful helper functions: + +You can set/get driver private data in the video_device struct using: + +void *video_get_drvdata(struct video_device *dev); +void video_set_drvdata(struct video_device *dev, void *data); + +Note that you can safely call video_set_drvdata() before calling +video_register_device(). + +And this function: + +struct video_device *video_devdata(struct file *file); + +returns the video_device belonging to the file struct. + +The final helper function combines video_get_drvdata with +video_devdata: + +void *video_drvdata(struct file *file); + +You can go from a video_device struct to the v4l2_device struct using: + +struct v4l2_device *v4l2_dev = vdev->v4l2_dev; diff --git a/Documentation/vm/unevictable-lru.txt b/Documentation/vm/unevictable-lru.txt index 125eed5..0706a72 100644 --- a/Documentation/vm/unevictable-lru.txt +++ b/Documentation/vm/unevictable-lru.txt @@ -137,13 +137,6 @@ shrink_page_list() where they will be detected when vmscan walks the reverse map in try_to_unmap(). If try_to_unmap() returns SWAP_MLOCK, shrink_page_list() will cull the page at that point. -Note that for anonymous pages, shrink_page_list() attempts to add the page to -the swap cache before it tries to unmap the page. To avoid this unnecessary -consumption of swap space, shrink_page_list() calls try_to_munlock() to check -whether any VM_LOCKED vmas map the page without attempting to unmap the page. -If try_to_munlock() returns SWAP_MLOCK, shrink_page_list() will cull the page -without consuming swap space. try_to_munlock() will be described below. - To "cull" an unevictable page, vmscan simply puts the page back on the lru list using putback_lru_page()--the inverse operation to isolate_lru_page()-- after dropping the page lock. Because the condition which makes the page @@ -190,8 +183,8 @@ several places: in the VM_LOCKED flag being set for the vma. 3) in the fault path, if mlocked pages are "culled" in the fault path, and when a VM_LOCKED stack segment is expanded. -4) as mentioned above, in vmscan:shrink_page_list() with attempting to - reclaim a page in a VM_LOCKED vma--via try_to_unmap() or try_to_munlock(). +4) as mentioned above, in vmscan:shrink_page_list() when attempting to + reclaim a page in a VM_LOCKED vma via try_to_unmap(). Mlocked pages become unlocked and rescued from the unevictable list when: @@ -260,9 +253,9 @@ mlock_fixup() filters several classes of "special" vmas: 2) vmas mapping hugetlbfs page are already effectively pinned into memory. We don't need nor want to mlock() these pages. However, to preserve the - prior behavior of mlock()--before the unevictable/mlock changes--mlock_fixup() - will call make_pages_present() in the hugetlbfs vma range to allocate the - huge pages and populate the ptes. + prior behavior of mlock()--before the unevictable/mlock changes-- + mlock_fixup() will call make_pages_present() in the hugetlbfs vma range + to allocate the huge pages and populate the ptes. 3) vmas with VM_DONTEXPAND|VM_RESERVED are generally user space mappings of kernel pages, such as the vdso page, relay channel pages, etc. These pages @@ -322,7 +315,7 @@ __mlock_vma_pages_range()--the same function used to mlock a vma range-- passing a flag to indicate that munlock() is being performed. Because the vma access protections could have been changed to PROT_NONE after -faulting in and mlocking some pages, get_user_pages() was unreliable for visiting +faulting in and mlocking pages, get_user_pages() was unreliable for visiting these pages for munlocking. Because we don't want to leave pages mlocked(), get_user_pages() was enhanced to accept a flag to ignore the permissions when fetching the pages--all of which should be resident as a result of previous @@ -416,8 +409,8 @@ Mlocked Pages: munmap()/exit()/exec() System Call Handling When unmapping an mlocked region of memory, whether by an explicit call to munmap() or via an internal unmap from exit() or exec() processing, we must munlock the pages if we're removing the last VM_LOCKED vma that maps the pages. -Before the unevictable/mlock changes, mlocking did not mark the pages in any way, -so unmapping them required no processing. +Before the unevictable/mlock changes, mlocking did not mark the pages in any +way, so unmapping them required no processing. To munlock a range of memory under the unevictable/mlock infrastructure, the munmap() hander and task address space tear down function call @@ -517,12 +510,10 @@ couldn't be mlocked. Mlocked pages: try_to_munlock() Reverse Map Scan TODO/FIXME: a better name might be page_mlocked()--analogous to the -page_referenced() reverse map walker--especially if we continue to call this -from shrink_page_list(). See related TODO/FIXME below. +page_referenced() reverse map walker. -When munlock_vma_page()--see "Mlocked Pages: munlock()/munlockall() System -Call Handling" above--tries to munlock a page, or when shrink_page_list() -encounters an anonymous page that is not yet in the swap cache, they need to +When munlock_vma_page()--see "Mlocked Pages: munlock()/munlockall() +System Call Handling" above--tries to munlock a page, it needs to determine whether or not the page is mapped by any VM_LOCKED vma, without actually attempting to unmap all ptes from the page. For this purpose, the unevictable/mlock infrastructure introduced a variant of try_to_unmap() called @@ -535,10 +526,7 @@ for VM_LOCKED vmas. When such a vma is found for anonymous pages and file pages mapped in linear VMAs, as in the try_to_unmap() case, the functions attempt to acquire the associated mmap semphore, mlock the page via mlock_vma_page() and return SWAP_MLOCK. This effectively undoes the -pre-clearing of the page's PG_mlocked done by munlock_vma_page() and informs -shrink_page_list() that the anonymous page should be culled rather than added -to the swap cache in preparation for a try_to_unmap() that will almost -certainly fail. +pre-clearing of the page's PG_mlocked done by munlock_vma_page. If try_to_unmap() is unable to acquire a VM_LOCKED vma's associated mmap semaphore, it will return SWAP_AGAIN. This will allow shrink_page_list() @@ -557,10 +545,7 @@ However, the scan can terminate when it encounters a VM_LOCKED vma and can successfully acquire the vma's mmap semphore for read and mlock the page. Although try_to_munlock() can be called many [very many!] times when munlock()ing a large region or tearing down a large address space that has been -mlocked via mlockall(), overall this is a fairly rare event. In addition, -although shrink_page_list() calls try_to_munlock() for every anonymous page that -it handles that is not yet in the swap cache, on average anonymous pages will -have very short reverse map lists. +mlocked via mlockall(), overall this is a fairly rare event. Mlocked Page: Page Reclaim in shrink_*_list() @@ -588,8 +573,8 @@ Some examples of these unevictable pages on the LRU lists are: munlock_vma_page() was forced to let the page back on to the normal LRU list for vmscan to handle. -shrink_inactive_list() also culls any unevictable pages that it finds -on the inactive lists, again diverting them to the appropriate zone's unevictable +shrink_inactive_list() also culls any unevictable pages that it finds on +the inactive lists, again diverting them to the appropriate zone's unevictable lru list. shrink_inactive_list() should only see SHM_LOCKed pages that became SHM_LOCKed after shrink_active_list() had moved them to the inactive list, or pages mapped into VM_LOCKED vmas that munlock_vma_page() couldn't isolate from @@ -597,19 +582,7 @@ the lru to recheck via try_to_munlock(). shrink_inactive_list() won't notice the latter, but will pass on to shrink_page_list(). shrink_page_list() again culls obviously unevictable pages that it could -encounter for similar reason to shrink_inactive_list(). As already discussed, -shrink_page_list() proactively looks for anonymous pages that should have -PG_mlocked set but don't--these would not be detected by page_evictable()--to -avoid adding them to the swap cache unnecessarily. File pages mapped into +encounter for similar reason to shrink_inactive_list(). Pages mapped into VM_LOCKED vmas but without PG_mlocked set will make it all the way to -try_to_unmap(). shrink_page_list() will divert them to the unevictable list when -try_to_unmap() returns SWAP_MLOCK, as discussed above. - -TODO/FIXME: If we can enhance the swap cache to reliably remove entries -with page_count(page) > 2, as long as all ptes are mapped to the page and -not the swap entry, we can probably remove the call to try_to_munlock() in -shrink_page_list() and just remove the page from the swap cache when -try_to_unmap() returns SWAP_MLOCK. Currently, remove_exclusive_swap_page() -doesn't seem to allow that. - - +try_to_unmap(). shrink_page_list() will divert them to the unevictable list +when try_to_unmap() returns SWAP_MLOCK, as discussed above. diff --git a/Documentation/w1/masters/00-INDEX b/Documentation/w1/masters/00-INDEX index 7b0ceaa..d63fa02 100644 --- a/Documentation/w1/masters/00-INDEX +++ b/Documentation/w1/masters/00-INDEX @@ -4,5 +4,7 @@ ds2482 - The Maxim/Dallas Semiconductor DS2482 provides 1-wire busses. ds2490 - The Maxim/Dallas Semiconductor DS2490 builds USB <-> W1 bridges. +mxc_w1 + - W1 master controller driver found on Freescale MX2/MX3 SoCs w1-gpio - GPIO 1-wire bus master driver. diff --git a/Documentation/w1/masters/mxc-w1 b/Documentation/w1/masters/mxc-w1 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..97f6199 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/w1/masters/mxc-w1 @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +Kernel driver mxc_w1 +==================== + +Supported chips: + * Freescale MX27, MX31 and probably other i.MX SoCs + Datasheets: + http://www.freescale.com/files/32bit/doc/data_sheet/MCIMX31.pdf?fpsp=1 + http://www.freescale.com/files/dsp/MCIMX27.pdf?fpsp=1 + +Author: Originally based on Freescale code, prepared for mainline by + Sascha Hauer <s.hauer@pengutronix.de> diff --git a/Documentation/w1/w1.netlink b/Documentation/w1/w1.netlink index 3640c7c..804445f 100644 --- a/Documentation/w1/w1.netlink +++ b/Documentation/w1/w1.netlink @@ -5,69 +5,157 @@ Message types. ============= There are three types of messages between w1 core and userspace: -1. Events. They are generated each time new master or slave device found - either due to automatic or requested search. -2. Userspace commands. Includes read/write and search/alarm search comamnds. +1. Events. They are generated each time new master or slave device + found either due to automatic or requested search. +2. Userspace commands. 3. Replies to userspace commands. Protocol. ======== -[struct cn_msg] - connector header. It's length field is equal to size of the attached data. +[struct cn_msg] - connector header. + Its length field is equal to size of the attached data [struct w1_netlink_msg] - w1 netlink header. __u8 type - message type. - W1_SLAVE_ADD/W1_SLAVE_REMOVE - slave add/remove events. - W1_MASTER_ADD/W1_MASTER_REMOVE - master add/remove events. - W1_MASTER_CMD - userspace command for bus master device (search/alarm search). - W1_SLAVE_CMD - userspace command for slave device (read/write/ search/alarm search - for bus master device where given slave device found). + W1_LIST_MASTERS + list current bus masters + W1_SLAVE_ADD/W1_SLAVE_REMOVE + slave add/remove events + W1_MASTER_ADD/W1_MASTER_REMOVE + master add/remove events + W1_MASTER_CMD + userspace command for bus master + device (search/alarm search) + W1_SLAVE_CMD + userspace command for slave device + (read/write/touch) __u8 res - reserved - __u16 len - size of attached to this header data. + __u16 len - size of data attached to this header data union { - __u8 id; - slave unique device id + __u8 id[8]; - slave unique device id struct w1_mst { - __u32 id; - master's id. + __u32 id; - master's id __u32 res; - reserved } mst; } id; -[strucrt w1_netlink_cmd] - command for gived master or slave device. +[struct w1_netlink_cmd] - command for given master or slave device. __u8 cmd - command opcode. - W1_CMD_READ - read command. - W1_CMD_WRITE - write command. - W1_CMD_SEARCH - search command. - W1_CMD_ALARM_SEARCH - alarm search command. + W1_CMD_READ - read command + W1_CMD_WRITE - write command + W1_CMD_TOUCH - touch command + (write and sample data back to userspace) + W1_CMD_SEARCH - search command + W1_CMD_ALARM_SEARCH - alarm search command __u8 res - reserved - __u16 len - length of data for this command. - For read command data must be allocated like for write command. - __u8 data[0] - data for this command. + __u16 len - length of data for this command + For read command data must be allocated like for write command + __u8 data[0] - data for this command -Each connector message can include one or more w1_netlink_msg with zero of more attached w1_netlink_cmd messages. +Each connector message can include one or more w1_netlink_msg with +zero or more attached w1_netlink_cmd messages. -For event messages there are no w1_netlink_cmd embedded structures, only connector header -and w1_netlink_msg strucutre with "len" field being zero and filled type (one of event types) -and id - either 8 bytes of slave unique id in host order, or master's id, which is assigned -to bus master device when it is added to w1 core. +For event messages there are no w1_netlink_cmd embedded structures, +only connector header and w1_netlink_msg strucutre with "len" field +being zero and filled type (one of event types) and id: +either 8 bytes of slave unique id in host order, +or master's id, which is assigned to bus master device +when it is added to w1 core. + +Currently replies to userspace commands are only generated for read +command request. One reply is generated exactly for one w1_netlink_cmd +read request. Replies are not combined when sent - i.e. typical reply +messages looks like the following: -Currently replies to userspace commands are only generated for read command request. -One reply is generated exactly for one w1_netlink_cmd read request. -Replies are not combined when sent - i.e. typical reply messages looks like the following: [cn_msg][w1_netlink_msg][w1_netlink_cmd] -cn_msg.len = sizeof(struct w1_netlink_msg) + sizeof(struct w1_netlink_cmd) + cmd->len; +cn_msg.len = sizeof(struct w1_netlink_msg) + + sizeof(struct w1_netlink_cmd) + + cmd->len; w1_netlink_msg.len = sizeof(struct w1_netlink_cmd) + cmd->len; w1_netlink_cmd.len = cmd->len; +Replies to W1_LIST_MASTERS should send a message back to the userspace +which will contain list of all registered master ids in the following +format: + + cn_msg (CN_W1_IDX.CN_W1_VAL as id, len is equal to sizeof(struct + w1_netlink_msg) plus number of masters multipled by 4) + w1_netlink_msg (type: W1_LIST_MASTERS, len is equal to + number of masters multiplied by 4 (u32 size)) + id0 ... idN + + Each message is at most 4k in size, so if number of master devices + exceeds this, it will be split into several messages, + cn.seq will be increased for each one. + +W1 search and alarm search commands. +request: +[cn_msg] + [w1_netlink_msg type = W1_MASTER_CMD + id is equal to the bus master id to use for searching] + [w1_netlink_cmd cmd = W1_CMD_SEARCH or W1_CMD_ALARM_SEARCH] + +reply: + [cn_msg, ack = 1 and increasing, 0 means the last message, + seq is equal to the request seq] + [w1_netlink_msg type = W1_MASTER_CMD] + [w1_netlink_cmd cmd = W1_CMD_SEARCH or W1_CMD_ALARM_SEARCH + len is equal to number of IDs multiplied by 8] + [64bit-id0 ... 64bit-idN] +Length in each header corresponds to the size of the data behind it, so +w1_netlink_cmd->len = N * 8; where N is number of IDs in this message. + Can be zero. +w1_netlink_msg->len = sizeof(struct w1_netlink_cmd) + N * 8; +cn_msg->len = sizeof(struct w1_netlink_msg) + + sizeof(struct w1_netlink_cmd) + + N*8; + +W1 reset command. +[cn_msg] + [w1_netlink_msg type = W1_MASTER_CMD + id is equal to the bus master id to use for searching] + [w1_netlink_cmd cmd = W1_CMD_RESET] + + +Command status replies. +====================== + +Each command (either root, master or slave with or without w1_netlink_cmd +structure) will be 'acked' by the w1 core. Format of the reply is the same +as request message except that length parameters do not account for data +requested by the user, i.e. read/write/touch IO requests will not contain +data, so w1_netlink_cmd.len will be 0, w1_netlink_msg.len will be size +of the w1_netlink_cmd structure and cn_msg.len will be equal to the sum +of the sizeof(struct w1_netlink_msg) and sizeof(struct w1_netlink_cmd). +If reply is generated for master or root command (which do not have +w1_netlink_cmd attached), reply will contain only cn_msg and w1_netlink_msg +structires. + +w1_netlink_msg.status field will carry positive error value +(EINVAL for example) or zero in case of success. + +All other fields in every structure will mirror the same parameters in the +request message (except lengths as described above). + +Status reply is generated for every w1_netlink_cmd embedded in the +w1_netlink_msg, if there are no w1_netlink_cmd structures, +reply will be generated for the w1_netlink_msg. + +All w1_netlink_cmd command structures are handled in every w1_netlink_msg, +even if there were errors, only length mismatch interrupts message processing. + Operation steps in w1 core when new command is received. ======================================================= -When new message (w1_netlink_msg) is received w1 core detects if it is master of slave request, -according to w1_netlink_msg.type field. +When new message (w1_netlink_msg) is received w1 core detects if it is +master or slave request, according to w1_netlink_msg.type field. Then master or slave device is searched for. -When found, master device (requested or those one on where slave device is found) is locked. -If slave command is requested, then reset/select procedure is started to select given device. +When found, master device (requested or those one on where slave device +is found) is locked. If slave command is requested, then reset/select +procedure is started to select given device. Then all requested in w1_netlink_msg operations are performed one by one. If command requires reply (like read command) it is sent on command completion. @@ -82,8 +170,8 @@ Connector [1] specific documentation. Each connector message includes two u32 fields as "address". w1 uses CN_W1_IDX and CN_W1_VAL defined in include/linux/connector.h header. Each message also includes sequence and acknowledge numbers. -Sequence number for event messages is appropriate bus master sequence number increased with -each event message sent "through" this master. +Sequence number for event messages is appropriate bus master sequence number +increased with each event message sent "through" this master. Sequence number for userspace requests is set by userspace application. Sequence number for reply is the same as was in request, and acknowledge number is set to seq+1. @@ -93,6 +181,6 @@ Additional documantion, source code examples. ============================================ 1. Documentation/connector -2. http://tservice.net.ru/~s0mbre/archive/w1 -This archive includes userspace application w1d.c which -uses read/write/search commands for all master/slave devices found on the bus. +2. http://www.ioremap.net/archive/w1 +This archive includes userspace application w1d.c which uses +read/write/search commands for all master/slave devices found on the bus. diff --git a/Documentation/wimax/README.i2400m b/Documentation/wimax/README.i2400m new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7dffd89 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/wimax/README.i2400m @@ -0,0 +1,260 @@ + + Driver for the Intel Wireless Wimax Connection 2400m + + (C) 2008 Intel Corporation < linux-wimax@intel.com > + + This provides a driver for the Intel Wireless WiMAX Connection 2400m + and a basic Linux kernel WiMAX stack. + +1. Requirements + + * Linux installation with Linux kernel 2.6.22 or newer (if building + from a separate tree) + * Intel i2400m Echo Peak or Baxter Peak; this includes the Intel + Wireless WiMAX/WiFi Link 5x50 series. + * build tools: + + Linux kernel development package for the target kernel; to + build against your currently running kernel, you need to have + the kernel development package corresponding to the running + image installed (usually if your kernel is named + linux-VERSION, the development package is called + linux-dev-VERSION or linux-headers-VERSION). + + GNU C Compiler, make + +2. Compilation and installation + +2.1. Compilation of the drivers included in the kernel + + Configure the kernel; to enable the WiMAX drivers select Drivers > + Networking Drivers > WiMAX device support. Enable all of them as + modules (easier). + + If USB or SDIO are not enabled in the kernel configuration, the options + to build the i2400m USB or SDIO drivers will not show. Enable said + subsystems and go back to the WiMAX menu to enable the drivers. + + Compile and install your kernel as usual. + +2.2. Compilation of the drivers distributed as an standalone module + + To compile + +$ cd source/directory +$ make + + Once built you can load and unload using the provided load.sh script; + load.sh will load the modules, load.sh u will unload them. + + To install in the default kernel directories (and enable auto loading + when the device is plugged): + +$ make install +$ depmod -a + + If your kernel development files are located in a non standard + directory or if you want to build for a kernel that is not the + currently running one, set KDIR to the right location: + +$ make KDIR=/path/to/kernel/dev/tree + + For more information, please contact linux-wimax@intel.com. + +3. Installing the firmware + + The firmware can be obtained from http://linuxwimax.org or might have + been supplied with your hardware. + + It has to be installed in the target system: + * +$ cp FIRMWAREFILE.sbcf /lib/firmware/i2400m-fw-BUSTYPE-1.3.sbcf + + * NOTE: if your firmware came in an .rpm or .deb file, just install + it as normal, with the rpm (rpm -i FIRMWARE.rpm) or dpkg + (dpkg -i FIRMWARE.deb) commands. No further action is needed. + * BUSTYPE will be usb or sdio, depending on the hardware you have. + Each hardware type comes with its own firmware and will not work + with other types. + +4. Design + + This package contains two major parts: a WiMAX kernel stack and a + driver for the Intel i2400m. + + The WiMAX stack is designed to provide for common WiMAX control + services to current and future WiMAX devices from any vendor; please + see README.wimax for details. + + The i2400m kernel driver is broken up in two main parts: the bus + generic driver and the bus-specific drivers. The bus generic driver + forms the drivercore and contain no knowledge of the actual method we + use to connect to the device. The bus specific drivers are just the + glue to connect the bus-generic driver and the device. Currently only + USB and SDIO are supported. See drivers/net/wimax/i2400m/i2400m.h for + more information. + + The bus generic driver is logically broken up in two parts: OS-glue and + hardware-glue. The OS-glue interfaces with Linux. The hardware-glue + interfaces with the device on using an interface provided by the + bus-specific driver. The reason for this breakup is to be able to + easily reuse the hardware-glue to write drivers for other OSes; note + the hardware glue part is written as a native Linux driver; no + abstraction layers are used, so to port to another OS, the Linux kernel + API calls should be replaced with the target OS's. + +5. Usage + + To load the driver, follow the instructions in the install section; + once the driver is loaded, plug in the device (unless it is permanently + plugged in). The driver will enumerate the device, upload the firmware + and output messages in the kernel log (dmesg, /var/log/messages or + /var/log/kern.log) such as: + +... +i2400m_usb 5-4:1.0: firmware interface version 8.0.0 +i2400m_usb 5-4:1.0: WiMAX interface wmx0 (00:1d:e1:01:94:2c) ready + + At this point the device is ready to work. + + Current versions require the Intel WiMAX Network Service in userspace + to make things work. See the network service's README for instructions + on how to scan, connect and disconnect. + +5.1. Module parameters + + Module parameters can be set at kernel or module load time or by + echoing values: + +$ echo VALUE > /sys/module/MODULENAME/parameters/PARAMETERNAME + + To make changes permanent, for example, for the i2400m module, you can + also create a file named /etc/modprobe.d/i2400m containing: + +options i2400m idle_mode_disabled=1 + + To find which parameters are supported by a module, run: + +$ modinfo path/to/module.ko + + During kernel bootup (if the driver is linked in the kernel), specify + the following to the kernel command line: + +i2400m.PARAMETER=VALUE + +5.1.1. i2400m: idle_mode_disabled + + The i2400m module supports a parameter to disable idle mode. This + parameter, once set, will take effect only when the device is + reinitialized by the driver (eg: following a reset or a reconnect). + +5.2. Debug operations: debugfs entries + + The driver will register debugfs entries that allow the user to tweak + debug settings. There are three main container directories where + entries are placed, which correspond to the three blocks a i2400m WiMAX + driver has: + * /sys/kernel/debug/wimax:DEVNAME/ for the generic WiMAX stack + controls + * /sys/kernel/debug/wimax:DEVNAME/i2400m for the i2400m generic + driver controls + * /sys/kernel/debug/wimax:DEVNAME/i2400m-usb (or -sdio) for the + bus-specific i2400m-usb or i2400m-sdio controls). + + Of course, if debugfs is mounted in a directory other than + /sys/kernel/debug, those paths will change. + +5.2.1. Increasing debug output + + The files named *dl_* indicate knobs for controlling the debug output + of different submodules: + * +# find /sys/kernel/debug/wimax\:wmx0 -name \*dl_\* +/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/i2400m-usb/dl_tx +/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/i2400m-usb/dl_rx +/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/i2400m-usb/dl_notif +/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/i2400m-usb/dl_fw +/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/i2400m-usb/dl_usb +/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/i2400m/dl_tx +/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/i2400m/dl_rx +/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/i2400m/dl_rfkill +/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/i2400m/dl_netdev +/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/i2400m/dl_fw +/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/i2400m/dl_debugfs +/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/i2400m/dl_driver +/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/i2400m/dl_control +/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/wimax_dl_stack +/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/wimax_dl_op_rfkill +/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/wimax_dl_op_reset +/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/wimax_dl_op_msg +/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/wimax_dl_id_table +/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/wimax_dl_debugfs + + By reading the file you can obtain the current value of said debug + level; by writing to it, you can set it. + + To increase the debug level of, for example, the i2400m's generic TX + engine, just write: + +$ echo 3 > /sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/i2400m/dl_tx + + Increasing numbers yield increasing debug information; for details of + what is printed and the available levels, check the source. The code + uses 0 for disabled and increasing values until 8. + +5.2.2. RX and TX statistics + + The i2400m/rx_stats and i2400m/tx_stats provide statistics about the + data reception/delivery from the device: + +$ cat /sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/i2400m/rx_stats +45 1 3 34 3104 48 480 + + The numbers reported are + * packets/RX-buffer: total, min, max + * RX-buffers: total RX buffers received, accumulated RX buffer size + in bytes, min size received, max size received + + Thus, to find the average buffer size received, divide accumulated + RX-buffer / total RX-buffers. + + To clear the statistics back to 0, write anything to the rx_stats file: + +$ echo 1 > /sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/i2400m_rx_stats + + Likewise for TX. + + Note the packets this debug file refers to are not network packet, but + packets in the sense of the device-specific protocol for communication + to the host. See drivers/net/wimax/i2400m/tx.c. + +5.2.3. Tracing messages received from user space + + To echo messages received from user space into the trace pipe that the + i2400m driver creates, set the debug file i2400m/trace_msg_from_user to + 1: + * +$ echo 1 > /sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/i2400m/trace_msg_from_user + +5.2.4. Performing a device reset + + By writing a 0, a 1 or a 2 to the file + /sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/reset, the driver performs a warm (without + disconnecting from the bus), cold (disconnecting from the bus) or bus + (bus specific) reset on the device. + +5.2.5. Asking the device to enter power saving mode + + By writing any value to the /sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0 file, the + device will attempt to enter power saving mode. + +6. Troubleshooting + +6.1. Driver complains about 'i2400m-fw-usb-1.2.sbcf: request failed' + + If upon connecting the device, the following is output in the kernel + log: + +i2400m_usb 5-4:1.0: fw i2400m-fw-usb-1.3.sbcf: request failed: -2 + + This means that the driver cannot locate the firmware file named + /lib/firmware/i2400m-fw-usb-1.2.sbcf. Check that the file is present in + the right location. diff --git a/Documentation/wimax/README.wimax b/Documentation/wimax/README.wimax new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b78c437 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/wimax/README.wimax @@ -0,0 +1,81 @@ + + Linux kernel WiMAX stack + + (C) 2008 Intel Corporation < linux-wimax@intel.com > + + This provides a basic Linux kernel WiMAX stack to provide a common + control API for WiMAX devices, usable from kernel and user space. + +1. Design + + The WiMAX stack is designed to provide for common WiMAX control + services to current and future WiMAX devices from any vendor. + + Because currently there is only one and we don't know what would be the + common services, the APIs it currently provides are very minimal. + However, it is done in such a way that it is easily extensible to + accommodate future requirements. + + The stack works by embedding a struct wimax_dev in your device's + control structures. This provides a set of callbacks that the WiMAX + stack will call in order to implement control operations requested by + the user. As well, the stack provides API functions that the driver + calls to notify about changes of state in the device. + + The stack exports the API calls needed to control the device to user + space using generic netlink as a marshalling mechanism. You can access + them using your own code or use the wrappers provided for your + convenience in libwimax (in the wimax-tools package). + + For detailed information on the stack, please see + include/linux/wimax.h. + +2. Usage + + For usage in a driver (registration, API, etc) please refer to the + instructions in the header file include/linux/wimax.h. + + When a device is registered with the WiMAX stack, a set of debugfs + files will appear in /sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmxX can tweak for + control. + +2.1. Obtaining debug information: debugfs entries + + The WiMAX stack is compiled, by default, with debug messages that can + be used to diagnose issues. By default, said messages are disabled. + + The drivers will register debugfs entries that allow the user to tweak + debug settings. + + Each driver, when registering with the stack, will cause a debugfs + directory named wimax:DEVICENAME to be created; optionally, it might + create more subentries below it. + +2.1.1. Increasing debug output + + The files named *dl_* indicate knobs for controlling the debug output + of different submodules of the WiMAX stack: + * +# find /sys/kernel/debug/wimax\:wmx0 -name \*dl_\* +/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/wimax_dl_stack +/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/wimax_dl_op_rfkill +/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/wimax_dl_op_reset +/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/wimax_dl_op_msg +/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/wimax_dl_id_table +/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/wimax_dl_debugfs +/sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/.... # other driver specific files + + NOTE: Of course, if debugfs is mounted in a directory other than + /sys/kernel/debug, those paths will change. + + By reading the file you can obtain the current value of said debug + level; by writing to it, you can set it. + + To increase the debug level of, for example, the id-table submodule, + just write: + +$ echo 3 > /sys/kernel/debug/wimax:wmx0/wimax_dl_id_table + + Increasing numbers yield increasing debug information; for details of + what is printed and the available levels, check the source. The code + uses 0 for disabled and increasing values until 8. diff --git a/Documentation/x86/boot.txt b/Documentation/x86/boot.txt index fcdc62b..7b4596a 100644 --- a/Documentation/x86/boot.txt +++ b/Documentation/x86/boot.txt @@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ Protocol 2.07: (Kernel 2.6.24) Added paravirtualised boot protocol. and KEEP_SEGMENTS flag in load_flags. Protocol 2.08: (Kernel 2.6.26) Added crc32 checksum and ELF format - payload. Introduced payload_offset and payload length + payload. Introduced payload_offset and payload_length fields to aid in locating the payload. Protocol 2.09: (Kernel 2.6.26) Added a field of 64-bit physical diff --git a/Documentation/x86/zero-page.txt b/Documentation/x86/zero-page.txt index 169ad42..4f91385 100644 --- a/Documentation/x86/zero-page.txt +++ b/Documentation/x86/zero-page.txt @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ protocol of kernel. These should be filled by bootloader or 16-bit real-mode setup code of the kernel. References/settings to it mainly are in: - include/asm-x86/bootparam.h + arch/x86/include/asm/bootparam.h Offset Proto Name Meaning |