Bluetooth: Add enhanced security model for Simple Pairing

The current security model is based around the flags AUTH, ENCRYPT and
SECURE. Starting with support for the Bluetooth 2.1 specification this is
no longer sufficient. The different security levels are now defined as
SDP, LOW, MEDIUM and SECURE.

Previously it was possible to set each security independently, but this
actually doesn't make a lot of sense. For Bluetooth the encryption depends
on a previous successful authentication. Also you can only update your
existing link key if you successfully created at least one before. And of
course the update of link keys without having proper encryption in place
is a security issue.

The new security levels from the Bluetooth 2.1 specification are now
used internally. All old settings are mapped to the new values and this
way it ensures that old applications still work. The only limitation
is that it is no longer possible to set authentication without also
enabling encryption. No application should have done this anyway since
this is actually a security issue. Without encryption the integrity of
the authentication can't be guaranteed.

As default for a new L2CAP or RFCOMM connection, the LOW security level
is used. The only exception here are the service discovery sessions on
PSM 1 where SDP level is used. To have similar security strength as with
a Bluetooth 2.0 and before combination key, the MEDIUM level should be
used. This is according to the Bluetooth specification. The MEDIUM level
will not require any kind of man-in-the-middle (MITM) protection. Only
the HIGH security level will require this.

Signed-off-by: Marcel Holtmann <marcel@holtmann.org>

5 files changed, 97 insertions, 168 deletions

diff --git a/net/bluetooth/hci_conn.c b/net/bluetooth/hci_conn.c
index a4a789f..98f97a1 100644
--- a/net/bluetooth/hci_conn.c
+++ b/net/bluetooth/hci_conn.c
@@ -325,7 +325,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(hci_get_route);
 
 /* Create SCO or ACL connection.
  * Device _must_ be locked */
-struct hci_conn *hci_connect(struct hci_dev *hdev, int type, bdaddr_t *dst, __u8 auth_type)
+struct hci_conn *hci_connect(struct hci_dev *hdev, int type, bdaddr_t *dst, __u8 sec_level, __u8 auth_type)
 {
 	struct hci_conn *acl;
 	struct hci_conn *sco;
@@ -340,6 +340,7 @@ struct hci_conn *hci_connect(struct hci_dev *hdev, int type, bdaddr_t *dst, __u8
 	hci_conn_hold(acl);
 
 	if (acl->state == BT_OPEN || acl->state == BT_CLOSED) {
+		acl->sec_level = sec_level;
 		acl->auth_type = auth_type;
 		hci_acl_connect(acl);
 	}
@@ -385,16 +386,17 @@ int hci_conn_check_link_mode(struct hci_conn *conn)
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(hci_conn_check_link_mode);
 
 /* Authenticate remote device */
-int hci_conn_auth(struct hci_conn *conn)
+static int hci_conn_auth(struct hci_conn *conn, __u8 sec_level)
 {
 	BT_DBG("conn %p", conn);
 
-	if (conn->ssp_mode > 0 && conn->hdev->ssp_mode > 0) {
-		if (!(conn->auth_type & 0x01)) {
-			conn->auth_type |= 0x01;
-			conn->link_mode &= ~HCI_LM_AUTH;
-		}
-	}
+	if (sec_level > conn->sec_level)
+		conn->link_mode &= ~HCI_LM_AUTH;
+
+	conn->sec_level = sec_level;
+
+	if (sec_level == BT_SECURITY_HIGH)
+		conn->auth_type |= 0x01;
 
 	if (conn->link_mode & HCI_LM_AUTH)
 		return 1;
@@ -405,31 +407,42 @@ int hci_conn_auth(struct hci_conn *conn)
 		hci_send_cmd(conn->hdev, HCI_OP_AUTH_REQUESTED,
 							sizeof(cp), &cp);
 	}
+
 	return 0;
 }
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(hci_conn_auth);
 
-/* Enable encryption */
-int hci_conn_encrypt(struct hci_conn *conn)
+/* Enable security */
+int hci_conn_security(struct hci_conn *conn, __u8 sec_level)
 {
 	BT_DBG("conn %p", conn);
 
+	if (sec_level == BT_SECURITY_SDP)
+		return 1;
+
+	if (sec_level == BT_SECURITY_LOW) {
+		if (conn->ssp_mode > 0 && conn->hdev->ssp_mode > 0)
+			return hci_conn_auth(conn, sec_level);
+		else
+			return 1;
+	}
+
 	if (conn->link_mode & HCI_LM_ENCRYPT)
-		return hci_conn_auth(conn);
+		return hci_conn_auth(conn, sec_level);
 
 	if (test_and_set_bit(HCI_CONN_ENCRYPT_PEND, &conn->pend))
 		return 0;
 
-	if (hci_conn_auth(conn)) {
+	if (hci_conn_auth(conn, sec_level)) {
 		struct hci_cp_set_conn_encrypt cp;
 		cp.handle  = cpu_to_le16(conn->handle);
 		cp.encrypt = 1;
 		hci_send_cmd(conn->hdev, HCI_OP_SET_CONN_ENCRYPT,
 							sizeof(cp), &cp);
 	}
+
 	return 0;
 }
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(hci_conn_encrypt);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(hci_conn_security);
 
 /* Change link key */
 int hci_conn_change_link_key(struct hci_conn *conn)
@@ -442,12 +455,13 @@ int hci_conn_change_link_key(struct hci_conn *conn)
 		hci_send_cmd(conn->hdev, HCI_OP_CHANGE_CONN_LINK_KEY,
 							sizeof(cp), &cp);
 	}
+
 	return 0;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(hci_conn_change_link_key);
 
 /* Switch role */
-int hci_conn_switch_role(struct hci_conn *conn, uint8_t role)
+int hci_conn_switch_role(struct hci_conn *conn, __u8 role)
 {
 	BT_DBG("conn %p", conn);
 
@@ -460,6 +474,7 @@ int hci_conn_switch_role(struct hci_conn *conn, uint8_t role)
 		cp.role = role;
 		hci_send_cmd(conn->hdev, HCI_OP_SWITCH_ROLE, sizeof(cp), &cp);
 	}
+
 	return 0;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(hci_conn_switch_role);
diff --git a/net/bluetooth/hci_event.c b/net/bluetooth/hci_event.c
index beea9db..014fc8b 100644
--- a/net/bluetooth/hci_event.c
+++ b/net/bluetooth/hci_event.c
@@ -1601,7 +1601,8 @@ static inline void hci_remote_ext_features_evt(struct hci_dev *hdev, struct sk_b
 
 		if (conn->state == BT_CONFIG) {
 			if (!ev->status && hdev->ssp_mode > 0 &&
-					conn->ssp_mode > 0 && conn->out) {
+					conn->ssp_mode > 0 && conn->out &&
+					conn->sec_level != BT_SECURITY_SDP) {
 				struct hci_cp_auth_requested cp;
 				cp.handle = ev->handle;
 				hci_send_cmd(hdev, HCI_OP_AUTH_REQUESTED,
diff --git a/net/bluetooth/l2cap.c b/net/bluetooth/l2cap.c
index 123efb4..eadf092 100644
--- a/net/bluetooth/l2cap.c
+++ b/net/bluetooth/l2cap.c
@@ -263,12 +263,17 @@ static inline int l2cap_check_link_mode(struct sock *sk)
 {
 	struct l2cap_conn *conn = l2cap_pi(sk)->conn;
 
-	if ((l2cap_pi(sk)->link_mode & L2CAP_LM_ENCRYPT) ||
-				(l2cap_pi(sk)->link_mode & L2CAP_LM_SECURE))
-		return hci_conn_encrypt(conn->hcon);
+	if (l2cap_pi(sk)->link_mode & L2CAP_LM_SECURE)
+		return hci_conn_security(conn->hcon, BT_SECURITY_HIGH);
+
+	if (l2cap_pi(sk)->link_mode & L2CAP_LM_ENCRYPT)
+		return hci_conn_security(conn->hcon, BT_SECURITY_MEDIUM);
 
 	if (l2cap_pi(sk)->link_mode & L2CAP_LM_AUTH)
-		return hci_conn_auth(conn->hcon);
+		return hci_conn_security(conn->hcon, BT_SECURITY_LOW);
+
+	if (l2cap_pi(sk)->psm == cpu_to_le16(0x0001))
+		return hci_conn_security(conn->hcon, BT_SECURITY_SDP);
 
 	return 1;
 }
@@ -803,6 +808,7 @@ static int l2cap_do_connect(struct sock *sk)
 	struct l2cap_conn *conn;
 	struct hci_conn *hcon;
 	struct hci_dev *hdev;
+	__u8 sec_level;
 	__u8 auth_type;
 	int err = 0;
 
@@ -815,21 +821,37 @@ static int l2cap_do_connect(struct sock *sk)
 
 	err = -ENOMEM;
 
-	if (l2cap_pi(sk)->link_mode & L2CAP_LM_AUTH ||
-			l2cap_pi(sk)->link_mode & L2CAP_LM_ENCRYPT ||
-				l2cap_pi(sk)->link_mode & L2CAP_LM_SECURE) {
-		if (l2cap_pi(sk)->psm == cpu_to_le16(0x0001))
-			auth_type = HCI_AT_NO_BONDING_MITM;
+	if (l2cap_pi(sk)->link_mode & L2CAP_LM_SECURE)
+		sec_level = BT_SECURITY_HIGH;
+	else if (l2cap_pi(sk)->psm == cpu_to_le16(0x0001))
+		sec_level = BT_SECURITY_SDP;
+	else if (l2cap_pi(sk)->link_mode & L2CAP_LM_ENCRYPT)
+		sec_level = BT_SECURITY_MEDIUM;
+	else
+		sec_level = BT_SECURITY_LOW;
+
+	if (sk->sk_type == SOCK_RAW) {
+		if (l2cap_pi(sk)->link_mode & L2CAP_LM_SECURE)
+			auth_type = HCI_AT_DEDICATED_BONDING_MITM;
+		else if (l2cap_pi(sk)->link_mode & L2CAP_LM_ENCRYPT)
+			auth_type = HCI_AT_DEDICATED_BONDING;
 		else
-			auth_type = HCI_AT_GENERAL_BONDING_MITM;
-	} else {
-		if (l2cap_pi(sk)->psm == cpu_to_le16(0x0001))
 			auth_type = HCI_AT_NO_BONDING;
+	} else if (l2cap_pi(sk)->psm == cpu_to_le16(0x0001)) {
+		if (l2cap_pi(sk)->link_mode & L2CAP_LM_SECURE)
+			auth_type = HCI_AT_NO_BONDING_MITM;
 		else
+			auth_type = HCI_AT_NO_BONDING;
+	} else {
+		if (l2cap_pi(sk)->link_mode & L2CAP_LM_SECURE)
+			auth_type = HCI_AT_GENERAL_BONDING_MITM;
+		else if (l2cap_pi(sk)->link_mode & L2CAP_LM_ENCRYPT)
 			auth_type = HCI_AT_GENERAL_BONDING;
+		else
+			auth_type = HCI_AT_NO_BONDING;
 	}
 
-	hcon = hci_connect(hdev, ACL_LINK, dst, auth_type);
+	hcon = hci_connect(hdev, ACL_LINK, dst, sec_level, auth_type);
 	if (!hcon)
 		goto done;
 
@@ -1402,11 +1424,6 @@ static void l2cap_chan_ready(struct sock *sk)
 		 */
 		parent->sk_data_ready(parent, 0);
 	}
-
-	if (l2cap_pi(sk)->link_mode & L2CAP_LM_SECURE) {
-		struct l2cap_conn *conn = l2cap_pi(sk)->conn;
-		hci_conn_change_link_key(conn->hcon);
-	}
 }
 
 /* Copy frame to all raw sockets on that connection */
@@ -2323,77 +2340,7 @@ static int l2cap_disconn_ind(struct hci_conn *hcon, u8 reason)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int l2cap_auth_cfm(struct hci_conn *hcon, u8 status)
-{
-	struct l2cap_chan_list *l;
-	struct l2cap_conn *conn = hcon->l2cap_data;
-	struct sock *sk;
-
-	if (!conn)
-		return 0;
-
-	l = &conn->chan_list;
-
-	BT_DBG("conn %p", conn);
-
-	read_lock(&l->lock);
-
-	for (sk = l->head; sk; sk = l2cap_pi(sk)->next_c) {
-		struct l2cap_pinfo *pi = l2cap_pi(sk);
-
-		bh_lock_sock(sk);
-
-		if ((pi->link_mode & (L2CAP_LM_ENCRYPT | L2CAP_LM_SECURE)) &&
-					!(hcon->link_mode & HCI_LM_ENCRYPT) &&
-								!status) {
-			bh_unlock_sock(sk);
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		if (sk->sk_state == BT_CONNECT) {
-			if (!status) {
-				struct l2cap_conn_req req;
-				req.scid = cpu_to_le16(l2cap_pi(sk)->scid);
-				req.psm  = l2cap_pi(sk)->psm;
-
-				l2cap_pi(sk)->ident = l2cap_get_ident(conn);
-
-				l2cap_send_cmd(conn, l2cap_pi(sk)->ident,
-					L2CAP_CONN_REQ, sizeof(req), &req);
-			} else {
-				l2cap_sock_clear_timer(sk);
-				l2cap_sock_set_timer(sk, HZ / 10);
-			}
-		} else if (sk->sk_state == BT_CONNECT2) {
-			struct l2cap_conn_rsp rsp;
-			__u16 result;
-
-			if (!status) {
-				sk->sk_state = BT_CONFIG;
-				result = L2CAP_CR_SUCCESS;
-			} else {
-				sk->sk_state = BT_DISCONN;
-				l2cap_sock_set_timer(sk, HZ / 10);
-				result = L2CAP_CR_SEC_BLOCK;
-			}
-
-			rsp.scid   = cpu_to_le16(l2cap_pi(sk)->dcid);
-			rsp.dcid   = cpu_to_le16(l2cap_pi(sk)->scid);
-			rsp.result = cpu_to_le16(result);
-			rsp.status = cpu_to_le16(L2CAP_CS_NO_INFO);
-			l2cap_send_cmd(conn, l2cap_pi(sk)->ident,
-					L2CAP_CONN_RSP, sizeof(rsp), &rsp);
-		}
-
-		bh_unlock_sock(sk);
-	}
-
-	read_unlock(&l->lock);
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int l2cap_encrypt_cfm(struct hci_conn *hcon, u8 status, u8 encrypt)
+static int l2cap_security_cfm(struct hci_conn *hcon, u8 status, u8 encrypt)
 {
 	struct l2cap_chan_list *l;
 	struct l2cap_conn *conn = hcon->l2cap_data;
@@ -2413,10 +2360,10 @@ static int l2cap_encrypt_cfm(struct hci_conn *hcon, u8 status, u8 encrypt)
 
 		bh_lock_sock(sk);
 
-		if ((pi->link_mode & (L2CAP_LM_ENCRYPT | L2CAP_LM_SECURE)) &&
+		if (!status && encrypt == 0x00 &&
+				(pi->link_mode & L2CAP_LM_SECURE) &&
 					(sk->sk_state == BT_CONNECTED ||
-						sk->sk_state == BT_CONFIG) &&
-						!status && encrypt == 0x00) {
+						sk->sk_state == BT_CONFIG)) {
 			__l2cap_sock_close(sk, ECONNREFUSED);
 			bh_unlock_sock(sk);
 			continue;
@@ -2608,8 +2555,7 @@ static struct hci_proto l2cap_hci_proto = {
 	.connect_ind	= l2cap_connect_ind,
 	.connect_cfm	= l2cap_connect_cfm,
 	.disconn_ind	= l2cap_disconn_ind,
-	.auth_cfm	= l2cap_auth_cfm,
-	.encrypt_cfm	= l2cap_encrypt_cfm,
+	.security_cfm	= l2cap_security_cfm,
 	.recv_acldata	= l2cap_recv_acldata
 };
 
diff --git a/net/bluetooth/rfcomm/core.c b/net/bluetooth/rfcomm/core.c
index edee49e..68f70c5 100644
--- a/net/bluetooth/rfcomm/core.c
+++ b/net/bluetooth/rfcomm/core.c
@@ -226,16 +226,18 @@ static int rfcomm_l2sock_create(struct socket **sock)
 static inline int rfcomm_check_link_mode(struct rfcomm_dlc *d)
 {
 	struct sock *sk = d->session->sock->sk;
+	struct l2cap_conn *conn = l2cap_pi(sk)->conn;
 
-	if (d->link_mode & (RFCOMM_LM_ENCRYPT | RFCOMM_LM_SECURE)) {
-		if (!hci_conn_encrypt(l2cap_pi(sk)->conn->hcon))
-			return 1;
-	} else if (d->link_mode & RFCOMM_LM_AUTH) {
-		if (!hci_conn_auth(l2cap_pi(sk)->conn->hcon))
-			return 1;
-	}
+	if (d->link_mode & RFCOMM_LM_SECURE)
+		return hci_conn_security(conn->hcon, BT_SECURITY_HIGH);
 
-	return 0;
+	if (d->link_mode & RFCOMM_LM_ENCRYPT)
+		return hci_conn_security(conn->hcon, BT_SECURITY_MEDIUM);
+
+	if (d->link_mode & RFCOMM_LM_AUTH)
+		return hci_conn_security(conn->hcon, BT_SECURITY_LOW);
+
+	return 1;
 }
 
 /* ---- RFCOMM DLCs ---- */
@@ -389,9 +391,9 @@ static int __rfcomm_dlc_open(struct rfcomm_dlc *d, bdaddr_t *src, bdaddr_t *dst,
 
 	if (s->state == BT_CONNECTED) {
 		if (rfcomm_check_link_mode(d))
-			set_bit(RFCOMM_AUTH_PENDING, &d->flags);
-		else
 			rfcomm_send_pn(s, 1, d);
+		else
+			set_bit(RFCOMM_AUTH_PENDING, &d->flags);
 	}
 
 	rfcomm_dlc_set_timer(d, RFCOMM_CONN_TIMEOUT);
@@ -1199,14 +1201,14 @@ void rfcomm_dlc_accept(struct rfcomm_dlc *d)
 static void rfcomm_check_accept(struct rfcomm_dlc *d)
 {
 	if (rfcomm_check_link_mode(d)) {
-		set_bit(RFCOMM_AUTH_PENDING, &d->flags);
-		rfcomm_dlc_set_timer(d, RFCOMM_AUTH_TIMEOUT);
-	} else {
 		if (d->defer_setup) {
 			set_bit(RFCOMM_DEFER_SETUP, &d->flags);
 			rfcomm_dlc_set_timer(d, RFCOMM_AUTH_TIMEOUT);
 		} else
 			rfcomm_dlc_accept(d);
+	} else {
+		set_bit(RFCOMM_AUTH_PENDING, &d->flags);
+		rfcomm_dlc_set_timer(d, RFCOMM_AUTH_TIMEOUT);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -1659,10 +1661,11 @@ static void rfcomm_process_connect(struct rfcomm_session *s)
 		if (d->state == BT_CONFIG) {
 			d->mtu = s->mtu;
 			if (rfcomm_check_link_mode(d)) {
+				rfcomm_send_pn(s, 1, d);
+			} else {
 				set_bit(RFCOMM_AUTH_PENDING, &d->flags);
 				rfcomm_dlc_set_timer(d, RFCOMM_AUTH_TIMEOUT);
-			} else
-				rfcomm_send_pn(s, 1, d);
+			}
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -1973,42 +1976,7 @@ static int rfcomm_run(void *unused)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void rfcomm_auth_cfm(struct hci_conn *conn, u8 status)
-{
-	struct rfcomm_session *s;
-	struct rfcomm_dlc *d;
-	struct list_head *p, *n;
-
-	BT_DBG("conn %p status 0x%02x", conn, status);
-
-	s = rfcomm_session_get(&conn->hdev->bdaddr, &conn->dst);
-	if (!s)
-		return;
-
-	rfcomm_session_hold(s);
-
-	list_for_each_safe(p, n, &s->dlcs) {
-		d = list_entry(p, struct rfcomm_dlc, list);
-
-		if ((d->link_mode & (RFCOMM_LM_ENCRYPT | RFCOMM_LM_SECURE)) &&
-				!(conn->link_mode & HCI_LM_ENCRYPT) && !status)
-			continue;
-
-		if (!test_and_clear_bit(RFCOMM_AUTH_PENDING, &d->flags))
-			continue;
-
-		if (!status)
-			set_bit(RFCOMM_AUTH_ACCEPT, &d->flags);
-		else
-			set_bit(RFCOMM_AUTH_REJECT, &d->flags);
-	}
-
-	rfcomm_session_put(s);
-
-	rfcomm_schedule(RFCOMM_SCHED_AUTH);
-}
-
-static void rfcomm_encrypt_cfm(struct hci_conn *conn, u8 status, u8 encrypt)
+static void rfcomm_security_cfm(struct hci_conn *conn, u8 status, u8 encrypt)
 {
 	struct rfcomm_session *s;
 	struct rfcomm_dlc *d;
@@ -2025,10 +1993,10 @@ static void rfcomm_encrypt_cfm(struct hci_conn *conn, u8 status, u8 encrypt)
 	list_for_each_safe(p, n, &s->dlcs) {
 		d = list_entry(p, struct rfcomm_dlc, list);
 
-		if ((d->link_mode & (RFCOMM_LM_ENCRYPT | RFCOMM_LM_SECURE)) &&
+		if (!status && encrypt == 0x00 &&
+				(d->link_mode & RFCOMM_LM_ENCRYPT) &&
 					(d->state == BT_CONNECTED ||
-						d->state == BT_CONFIG) &&
-						!status && encrypt == 0x00) {
+						d->state == BT_CONFIG)) {
 			__rfcomm_dlc_close(d, ECONNREFUSED);
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -2036,7 +2004,7 @@ static void rfcomm_encrypt_cfm(struct hci_conn *conn, u8 status, u8 encrypt)
 		if (!test_and_clear_bit(RFCOMM_AUTH_PENDING, &d->flags))
 			continue;
 
-		if (!status && encrypt)
+		if (!status)
 			set_bit(RFCOMM_AUTH_ACCEPT, &d->flags);
 		else
 			set_bit(RFCOMM_AUTH_REJECT, &d->flags);
@@ -2049,8 +2017,7 @@ static void rfcomm_encrypt_cfm(struct hci_conn *conn, u8 status, u8 encrypt)
 
 static struct hci_cb rfcomm_cb = {
 	.name		= "RFCOMM",
-	.auth_cfm	= rfcomm_auth_cfm,
-	.encrypt_cfm	= rfcomm_encrypt_cfm
+	.security_cfm	= rfcomm_security_cfm
 };
 
 static ssize_t rfcomm_dlc_sysfs_show(struct class *dev, char *buf)
diff --git a/net/bluetooth/sco.c b/net/bluetooth/sco.c
index 71df982..7f10f97 100644
--- a/net/bluetooth/sco.c
+++ b/net/bluetooth/sco.c
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ static int sco_connect(struct sock *sk)
 	else
 		type = SCO_LINK;
 
-	hcon = hci_connect(hdev, type, dst, HCI_AT_NO_BONDING);
+	hcon = hci_connect(hdev, type, dst, BT_SECURITY_LOW, HCI_AT_NO_BONDING);
 	if (!hcon)
 		goto done;