[PATCH] Platform SMIs and their interferance with tsc based delay calibration

Issue:
Current tsc based delay_calibration can result in significant errors in
loops_per_jiffy count when the platform events like SMIs
(System Management Interrupts that are non-maskable) are present. This could
lead to potential kernel panic(). This issue is becoming more visible with 2.6
kernel (as default HZ is 1000) and on platforms with higher SMI handling
latencies. During the boot time, SMIs are mostly used by BIOS (for things
like legacy keyboard emulation).

Description:
The psuedocode for current delay calibration with tsc based delay looks like
(0) Estimate a value for loops_per_jiffy
(1) While (loops_per_jiffy estimate is accurate enough)
(2)   wait for jiffy transition (jiffy1)
(3)   Note down current tsc (tsc1)
(4)   loop until tsc becomes tsc1 + loops_per_jiffy
(5)   check whether jiffy changed since jiffy1 or not and refine
loops_per_jiffy estimate

Consider the following cases
Case 1:
If SMIs happen between (2) and (3) above, we can end up with a
loops_per_jiffy value that is too low. This results in shorted delays and
kernel can panic () during boot (Mostly at IOAPIC timer initialization
timer_irq_works() as we don't have enough timer interrupts in a specified
interval).

Case 2:
If SMIs happen between (3) and (4) above, then we can end up with a
loops_per_jiffy value that is too high. And with current i386 code, too
high lpj value (greater than 17M) can result in a overflow in
delay.c:__const_udelay() again resulting in shorter delay and panic().

Solution:
The patch below makes the calibration routine aware of asynchronous events
like SMIs. We increase the delay calibration time and also identify any
significant errors (greater than 12.5%) in the calibration and notify it to
user.

Patch below changes both i386 and x86-64 architectures to use this
new and improved calibrate_delay_direct() routine.

Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

3 files changed, 8 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/include/asm-i386/timer.h b/include/asm-i386/timer.h
index c347098..dcf1e07 100644
--- a/include/asm-i386/timer.h
+++ b/include/asm-i386/timer.h
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ struct timer_opts {
 	unsigned long (*get_offset)(void);
 	unsigned long long (*monotonic_clock)(void);
 	void (*delay)(unsigned long);
+	unsigned long (*read_timer)(void);
 };
 
 struct init_timer_opts {
@@ -52,6 +53,7 @@ extern struct init_timer_opts timer_cyclone_init;
 #endif
 
 extern unsigned long calibrate_tsc(void);
+extern unsigned long read_timer_tsc(void);
 extern void init_cpu_khz(void);
 extern int recalibrate_cpu_khz(void);
 #ifdef CONFIG_HPET_TIMER
diff --git a/include/asm-i386/timex.h b/include/asm-i386/timex.h
index b41e484..e370f90 100644
--- a/include/asm-i386/timex.h
+++ b/include/asm-i386/timex.h
@@ -49,4 +49,7 @@ static inline cycles_t get_cycles (void)
 
 extern unsigned long cpu_khz;
 
+extern int read_current_timer(unsigned long *timer_value);
+#define ARCH_HAS_READ_CURRENT_TIMER	1
+
 #endif
diff --git a/include/asm-x86_64/timex.h b/include/asm-x86_64/timex.h
index 34f31a1..24ecf6a 100644
--- a/include/asm-x86_64/timex.h
+++ b/include/asm-x86_64/timex.h
@@ -26,6 +26,9 @@ static inline cycles_t get_cycles (void)
 
 extern unsigned int cpu_khz;
 
+extern int read_current_timer(unsigned long *timer_value);
+#define ARCH_HAS_READ_CURRENT_TIMER	1
+
 extern struct vxtime_data vxtime;
 
 #endif