Linux-2.6.12-rc2

Initial git repository build. I'm not bothering with the full history,
even though we have it. We can create a separate "historical" git
archive of that later if we want to, and in the meantime it's about
3.2GB when imported into git - space that would just make the early
git days unnecessarily complicated, when we don't have a lot of good
infrastructure for it.

Let it rip!

1 files changed, 2612 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/sound/core/pcm_lib.c b/sound/core/pcm_lib.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..151fd99
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/core/pcm_lib.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2612 @@
+/*
+ *  Digital Audio (PCM) abstract layer
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@suse.cz>
+ *                   Abramo Bagnara <abramo@alsa-project.org>
+ *
+ *
+ *   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ *   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ *   (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ *   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ *   GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ *   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+ *   Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307 USA
+ *
+ */
+
+#include <sound/driver.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/control.h>
+#include <sound/info.h>
+#include <sound/pcm.h>
+#include <sound/pcm_params.h>
+#include <sound/timer.h>
+
+/*
+ * fill ring buffer with silence
+ * runtime->silence_start: starting pointer to silence area
+ * runtime->silence_filled: size filled with silence
+ * runtime->silence_threshold: threshold from application
+ * runtime->silence_size: maximal size from application
+ *
+ * when runtime->silence_size >= runtime->boundary - fill processed area with silence immediately
+ */
+void snd_pcm_playback_silence(snd_pcm_substream_t *substream, snd_pcm_uframes_t new_hw_ptr)
+{
+	snd_pcm_runtime_t *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	snd_pcm_uframes_t frames, ofs, transfer;
+
+	if (runtime->silence_size < runtime->boundary) {
+		snd_pcm_sframes_t noise_dist, n;
+		if (runtime->silence_start != runtime->control->appl_ptr) {
+			n = runtime->control->appl_ptr - runtime->silence_start;
+			if (n < 0)
+				n += runtime->boundary;
+			if ((snd_pcm_uframes_t)n < runtime->silence_filled)
+				runtime->silence_filled -= n;
+			else
+				runtime->silence_filled = 0;
+			runtime->silence_start = runtime->control->appl_ptr;
+		}
+		if (runtime->silence_filled == runtime->buffer_size)
+			return;
+		snd_assert(runtime->silence_filled <= runtime->buffer_size, return);
+		noise_dist = snd_pcm_playback_hw_avail(runtime) + runtime->silence_filled;
+		if (noise_dist >= (snd_pcm_sframes_t) runtime->silence_threshold)
+			return;
+		frames = runtime->silence_threshold - noise_dist;
+		if (frames > runtime->silence_size)
+			frames = runtime->silence_size;
+	} else {
+		if (new_hw_ptr == ULONG_MAX) {	/* initialization */
+			snd_pcm_sframes_t avail = snd_pcm_playback_hw_avail(runtime);
+			runtime->silence_filled = avail > 0 ? avail : 0;
+			runtime->silence_start = (runtime->status->hw_ptr +
+						  runtime->silence_filled) %
+						 runtime->boundary;
+		} else {
+			ofs = runtime->status->hw_ptr;
+			frames = new_hw_ptr - ofs;
+			if ((snd_pcm_sframes_t)frames < 0)
+				frames += runtime->boundary;
+			runtime->silence_filled -= frames;
+			if ((snd_pcm_sframes_t)runtime->silence_filled < 0) {
+				runtime->silence_filled = 0;
+				runtime->silence_start = (ofs + frames) - runtime->buffer_size;
+			} else {
+				runtime->silence_start = ofs - runtime->silence_filled;
+			}
+			if ((snd_pcm_sframes_t)runtime->silence_start < 0)
+				runtime->silence_start += runtime->boundary;
+		}
+		frames = runtime->buffer_size - runtime->silence_filled;
+	}
+	snd_assert(frames <= runtime->buffer_size, return);
+	if (frames == 0)
+		return;
+	ofs = (runtime->silence_start + runtime->silence_filled) % runtime->buffer_size;
+	while (frames > 0) {
+		transfer = ofs + frames > runtime->buffer_size ? runtime->buffer_size - ofs : frames;
+		if (runtime->access == SNDRV_PCM_ACCESS_RW_INTERLEAVED ||
+		    runtime->access == SNDRV_PCM_ACCESS_MMAP_INTERLEAVED) {
+			if (substream->ops->silence) {
+				int err;
+				err = substream->ops->silence(substream, -1, ofs, transfer);
+				snd_assert(err >= 0, );
+			} else {
+				char *hwbuf = runtime->dma_area + frames_to_bytes(runtime, ofs);
+				snd_pcm_format_set_silence(runtime->format, hwbuf, transfer * runtime->channels);
+			}
+		} else {
+			unsigned int c;
+			unsigned int channels = runtime->channels;
+			if (substream->ops->silence) {
+				for (c = 0; c < channels; ++c) {
+					int err;
+					err = substream->ops->silence(substream, c, ofs, transfer);
+					snd_assert(err >= 0, );
+				}
+			} else {
+				size_t dma_csize = runtime->dma_bytes / channels;
+				for (c = 0; c < channels; ++c) {
+					char *hwbuf = runtime->dma_area + (c * dma_csize) + samples_to_bytes(runtime, ofs);
+					snd_pcm_format_set_silence(runtime->format, hwbuf, transfer);
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		runtime->silence_filled += transfer;
+		frames -= transfer;
+		ofs = 0;
+	}
+}
+
+static void xrun(snd_pcm_substream_t *substream)
+{
+	snd_pcm_stop(substream, SNDRV_PCM_STATE_XRUN);
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_DEBUG
+	if (substream->pstr->xrun_debug) {
+		snd_printd(KERN_DEBUG "XRUN: pcmC%dD%d%c\n",
+			   substream->pcm->card->number,
+			   substream->pcm->device,
+			   substream->stream ? 'c' : 'p');
+		if (substream->pstr->xrun_debug > 1)
+			dump_stack();
+	}
+#endif
+}
+
+static inline snd_pcm_uframes_t snd_pcm_update_hw_ptr_pos(snd_pcm_substream_t *substream,
+							  snd_pcm_runtime_t *runtime)
+{
+	snd_pcm_uframes_t pos;
+
+	pos = substream->ops->pointer(substream);
+	if (pos == SNDRV_PCM_POS_XRUN)
+		return pos; /* XRUN */
+	if (runtime->tstamp_mode & SNDRV_PCM_TSTAMP_MMAP)
+		snd_timestamp_now((snd_timestamp_t*)&runtime->status->tstamp, runtime->tstamp_timespec);
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_DEBUG
+	if (pos >= runtime->buffer_size) {
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR  "BUG: stream = %i, pos = 0x%lx, buffer size = 0x%lx, period size = 0x%lx\n", substream->stream, pos, runtime->buffer_size, runtime->period_size);
+	} else
+#endif
+	snd_runtime_check(pos < runtime->buffer_size, return 0);
+	pos -= pos % runtime->min_align;
+	return pos;
+}
+
+static inline int snd_pcm_update_hw_ptr_post(snd_pcm_substream_t *substream,
+					     snd_pcm_runtime_t *runtime)
+{
+	snd_pcm_uframes_t avail;
+
+	if (substream->stream == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK)
+		avail = snd_pcm_playback_avail(runtime);
+	else
+		avail = snd_pcm_capture_avail(runtime);
+	if (avail > runtime->avail_max)
+		runtime->avail_max = avail;
+	if (avail >= runtime->stop_threshold) {
+		if (substream->runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_DRAINING)
+			snd_pcm_drain_done(substream);
+		else
+			xrun(substream);
+		return -EPIPE;
+	}
+	if (avail >= runtime->control->avail_min)
+		wake_up(&runtime->sleep);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static inline int snd_pcm_update_hw_ptr_interrupt(snd_pcm_substream_t *substream)
+{
+	snd_pcm_runtime_t *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	snd_pcm_uframes_t pos;
+	snd_pcm_uframes_t new_hw_ptr, hw_ptr_interrupt;
+	snd_pcm_sframes_t delta;
+
+	pos = snd_pcm_update_hw_ptr_pos(substream, runtime);
+	if (pos == SNDRV_PCM_POS_XRUN) {
+		xrun(substream);
+		return -EPIPE;
+	}
+	if (runtime->period_size == runtime->buffer_size)
+		goto __next_buf;
+	new_hw_ptr = runtime->hw_ptr_base + pos;
+	hw_ptr_interrupt = runtime->hw_ptr_interrupt + runtime->period_size;
+
+	delta = hw_ptr_interrupt - new_hw_ptr;
+	if (delta > 0) {
+		if ((snd_pcm_uframes_t)delta < runtime->buffer_size / 2) {
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_DEBUG
+			if (runtime->periods > 1 && substream->pstr->xrun_debug) {
+				snd_printd(KERN_ERR "Unexpected hw_pointer value [1] (stream = %i, delta: -%ld, max jitter = %ld): wrong interrupt acknowledge?\n", substream->stream, (long) delta, runtime->buffer_size / 2);
+				if (substream->pstr->xrun_debug > 1)
+					dump_stack();
+			}
+#endif
+			return 0;
+		}
+	      __next_buf:
+		runtime->hw_ptr_base += runtime->buffer_size;
+		if (runtime->hw_ptr_base == runtime->boundary)
+			runtime->hw_ptr_base = 0;
+		new_hw_ptr = runtime->hw_ptr_base + pos;
+	}
+
+	if (substream->stream == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK &&
+	    runtime->silence_size > 0)
+		snd_pcm_playback_silence(substream, new_hw_ptr);
+
+	runtime->status->hw_ptr = new_hw_ptr;
+	runtime->hw_ptr_interrupt = new_hw_ptr - new_hw_ptr % runtime->period_size;
+
+	return snd_pcm_update_hw_ptr_post(substream, runtime);
+}
+
+/* CAUTION: call it with irq disabled */
+int snd_pcm_update_hw_ptr(snd_pcm_substream_t *substream)
+{
+	snd_pcm_runtime_t *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	snd_pcm_uframes_t pos;
+	snd_pcm_uframes_t old_hw_ptr, new_hw_ptr;
+	snd_pcm_sframes_t delta;
+
+	old_hw_ptr = runtime->status->hw_ptr;
+	pos = snd_pcm_update_hw_ptr_pos(substream, runtime);
+	if (pos == SNDRV_PCM_POS_XRUN) {
+		xrun(substream);
+		return -EPIPE;
+	}
+	new_hw_ptr = runtime->hw_ptr_base + pos;
+
+	delta = old_hw_ptr - new_hw_ptr;
+	if (delta > 0) {
+		if ((snd_pcm_uframes_t)delta < runtime->buffer_size / 2) {
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_DEBUG
+			if (runtime->periods > 2 && substream->pstr->xrun_debug) {
+				snd_printd(KERN_ERR "Unexpected hw_pointer value [2] (stream = %i, delta: -%ld, max jitter = %ld): wrong interrupt acknowledge?\n", substream->stream, (long) delta, runtime->buffer_size / 2);
+				if (substream->pstr->xrun_debug > 1)
+					dump_stack();
+			}
+#endif
+			return 0;
+		}
+		runtime->hw_ptr_base += runtime->buffer_size;
+		if (runtime->hw_ptr_base == runtime->boundary)
+			runtime->hw_ptr_base = 0;
+		new_hw_ptr = runtime->hw_ptr_base + pos;
+	}
+	if (substream->stream == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK &&
+	    runtime->silence_size > 0)
+		snd_pcm_playback_silence(substream, new_hw_ptr);
+
+	runtime->status->hw_ptr = new_hw_ptr;
+
+	return snd_pcm_update_hw_ptr_post(substream, runtime);
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_pcm_set_ops - set the PCM operators
+ * @pcm: the pcm instance
+ * @direction: stream direction, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_XXX
+ * @ops: the operator table
+ *
+ * Sets the given PCM operators to the pcm instance.
+ */
+void snd_pcm_set_ops(snd_pcm_t *pcm, int direction, snd_pcm_ops_t *ops)
+{
+	snd_pcm_str_t *stream = &pcm->streams[direction];
+	snd_pcm_substream_t *substream;
+	
+	for (substream = stream->substream; substream != NULL; substream = substream->next)
+		substream->ops = ops;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * snd_pcm_sync - set the PCM sync id
+ * @substream: the pcm substream
+ *
+ * Sets the PCM sync identifier for the card.
+ */
+void snd_pcm_set_sync(snd_pcm_substream_t * substream)
+{
+	snd_pcm_runtime_t *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	
+	runtime->sync.id32[0] = substream->pcm->card->number;
+	runtime->sync.id32[1] = -1;
+	runtime->sync.id32[2] = -1;
+	runtime->sync.id32[3] = -1;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  Standard ioctl routine
+ */
+
+/* Code taken from alsa-lib */
+#define assert(a) snd_assert((a), return -EINVAL)
+
+static inline unsigned int div32(unsigned int a, unsigned int b, 
+				 unsigned int *r)
+{
+	if (b == 0) {
+		*r = 0;
+		return UINT_MAX;
+	}
+	*r = a % b;
+	return a / b;
+}
+
+static inline unsigned int div_down(unsigned int a, unsigned int b)
+{
+	if (b == 0)
+		return UINT_MAX;
+	return a / b;
+}
+
+static inline unsigned int div_up(unsigned int a, unsigned int b)
+{
+	unsigned int r;
+	unsigned int q;
+	if (b == 0)
+		return UINT_MAX;
+	q = div32(a, b, &r);
+	if (r)
+		++q;
+	return q;
+}
+
+static inline unsigned int mul(unsigned int a, unsigned int b)
+{
+	if (a == 0)
+		return 0;
+	if (div_down(UINT_MAX, a) < b)
+		return UINT_MAX;
+	return a * b;
+}
+
+static inline unsigned int muldiv32(unsigned int a, unsigned int b,
+				    unsigned int c, unsigned int *r)
+{
+	u_int64_t n = (u_int64_t) a * b;
+	if (c == 0) {
+		snd_assert(n > 0, );
+		*r = 0;
+		return UINT_MAX;
+	}
+	div64_32(&n, c, r);
+	if (n >= UINT_MAX) {
+		*r = 0;
+		return UINT_MAX;
+	}
+	return n;
+}
+
+static int snd_interval_refine_min(snd_interval_t *i, unsigned int min, int openmin)
+{
+	int changed = 0;
+	assert(!snd_interval_empty(i));
+	if (i->min < min) {
+		i->min = min;
+		i->openmin = openmin;
+		changed = 1;
+	} else if (i->min == min && !i->openmin && openmin) {
+		i->openmin = 1;
+		changed = 1;
+	}
+	if (i->integer) {
+		if (i->openmin) {
+			i->min++;
+			i->openmin = 0;
+		}
+	}
+	if (snd_interval_checkempty(i)) {
+		snd_interval_none(i);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	return changed;
+}
+
+static int snd_interval_refine_max(snd_interval_t *i, unsigned int max, int openmax)
+{
+	int changed = 0;
+	assert(!snd_interval_empty(i));
+	if (i->max > max) {
+		i->max = max;
+		i->openmax = openmax;
+		changed = 1;
+	} else if (i->max == max && !i->openmax && openmax) {
+		i->openmax = 1;
+		changed = 1;
+	}
+	if (i->integer) {
+		if (i->openmax) {
+			i->max--;
+			i->openmax = 0;
+		}
+	}
+	if (snd_interval_checkempty(i)) {
+		snd_interval_none(i);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	return changed;
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_interval_refine - refine the interval value of configurator
+ * @i: the interval value to refine
+ * @v: the interval value to refer to
+ *
+ * Refines the interval value with the reference value.
+ * The interval is changed to the range satisfying both intervals.
+ * The interval status (min, max, integer, etc.) are evaluated.
+ *
+ * Returns non-zero if the value is changed, zero if not changed.
+ */
+int snd_interval_refine(snd_interval_t *i, const snd_interval_t *v)
+{
+	int changed = 0;
+	assert(!snd_interval_empty(i));
+	if (i->min < v->min) {
+		i->min = v->min;
+		i->openmin = v->openmin;
+		changed = 1;
+	} else if (i->min == v->min && !i->openmin && v->openmin) {
+		i->openmin = 1;
+		changed = 1;
+	}
+	if (i->max > v->max) {
+		i->max = v->max;
+		i->openmax = v->openmax;
+		changed = 1;
+	} else if (i->max == v->max && !i->openmax && v->openmax) {
+		i->openmax = 1;
+		changed = 1;
+	}
+	if (!i->integer && v->integer) {
+		i->integer = 1;
+		changed = 1;
+	}
+	if (i->integer) {
+		if (i->openmin) {
+			i->min++;
+			i->openmin = 0;
+		}
+		if (i->openmax) {
+			i->max--;
+			i->openmax = 0;
+		}
+	} else if (!i->openmin && !i->openmax && i->min == i->max)
+		i->integer = 1;
+	if (snd_interval_checkempty(i)) {
+		snd_interval_none(i);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	return changed;
+}
+
+static int snd_interval_refine_first(snd_interval_t *i)
+{
+	assert(!snd_interval_empty(i));
+	if (snd_interval_single(i))
+		return 0;
+	i->max = i->min;
+	i->openmax = i->openmin;
+	if (i->openmax)
+		i->max++;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int snd_interval_refine_last(snd_interval_t *i)
+{
+	assert(!snd_interval_empty(i));
+	if (snd_interval_single(i))
+		return 0;
+	i->min = i->max;
+	i->openmin = i->openmax;
+	if (i->openmin)
+		i->min--;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int snd_interval_refine_set(snd_interval_t *i, unsigned int val)
+{
+	snd_interval_t t;
+	t.empty = 0;
+	t.min = t.max = val;
+	t.openmin = t.openmax = 0;
+	t.integer = 1;
+	return snd_interval_refine(i, &t);
+}
+
+void snd_interval_mul(const snd_interval_t *a, const snd_interval_t *b, snd_interval_t *c)
+{
+	if (a->empty || b->empty) {
+		snd_interval_none(c);
+		return;
+	}
+	c->empty = 0;
+	c->min = mul(a->min, b->min);
+	c->openmin = (a->openmin || b->openmin);
+	c->max = mul(a->max,  b->max);
+	c->openmax = (a->openmax || b->openmax);
+	c->integer = (a->integer && b->integer);
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_interval_div - refine the interval value with division
+ *
+ * c = a / b
+ *
+ * Returns non-zero if the value is changed, zero if not changed.
+ */
+void snd_interval_div(const snd_interval_t *a, const snd_interval_t *b, snd_interval_t *c)
+{
+	unsigned int r;
+	if (a->empty || b->empty) {
+		snd_interval_none(c);
+		return;
+	}
+	c->empty = 0;
+	c->min = div32(a->min, b->max, &r);
+	c->openmin = (r || a->openmin || b->openmax);
+	if (b->min > 0) {
+		c->max = div32(a->max, b->min, &r);
+		if (r) {
+			c->max++;
+			c->openmax = 1;
+		} else
+			c->openmax = (a->openmax || b->openmin);
+	} else {
+		c->max = UINT_MAX;
+		c->openmax = 0;
+	}
+	c->integer = 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_interval_muldivk - refine the interval value
+ *
+ * c = a * b / k
+ *
+ * Returns non-zero if the value is changed, zero if not changed.
+ */
+void snd_interval_muldivk(const snd_interval_t *a, const snd_interval_t *b,
+		      unsigned int k, snd_interval_t *c)
+{
+	unsigned int r;
+	if (a->empty || b->empty) {
+		snd_interval_none(c);
+		return;
+	}
+	c->empty = 0;
+	c->min = muldiv32(a->min, b->min, k, &r);
+	c->openmin = (r || a->openmin || b->openmin);
+	c->max = muldiv32(a->max, b->max, k, &r);
+	if (r) {
+		c->max++;
+		c->openmax = 1;
+	} else
+		c->openmax = (a->openmax || b->openmax);
+	c->integer = 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_interval_mulkdiv - refine the interval value
+ *
+ * c = a * k / b
+ *
+ * Returns non-zero if the value is changed, zero if not changed.
+ */
+void snd_interval_mulkdiv(const snd_interval_t *a, unsigned int k,
+		      const snd_interval_t *b, snd_interval_t *c)
+{
+	unsigned int r;
+	if (a->empty || b->empty) {
+		snd_interval_none(c);
+		return;
+	}
+	c->empty = 0;
+	c->min = muldiv32(a->min, k, b->max, &r);
+	c->openmin = (r || a->openmin || b->openmax);
+	if (b->min > 0) {
+		c->max = muldiv32(a->max, k, b->min, &r);
+		if (r) {
+			c->max++;
+			c->openmax = 1;
+		} else
+			c->openmax = (a->openmax || b->openmin);
+	} else {
+		c->max = UINT_MAX;
+		c->openmax = 0;
+	}
+	c->integer = 0;
+}
+
+#undef assert
+/* ---- */
+
+
+/**
+ * snd_interval_ratnum - refine the interval value
+ *
+ * Returns non-zero if the value is changed, zero if not changed.
+ */
+int snd_interval_ratnum(snd_interval_t *i,
+		    unsigned int rats_count, ratnum_t *rats,
+		    unsigned int *nump, unsigned int *denp)
+{
+	unsigned int best_num, best_diff, best_den;
+	unsigned int k;
+	snd_interval_t t;
+	int err;
+
+	best_num = best_den = best_diff = 0;
+	for (k = 0; k < rats_count; ++k) {
+		unsigned int num = rats[k].num;
+		unsigned int den;
+		unsigned int q = i->min;
+		int diff;
+		if (q == 0)
+			q = 1;
+		den = div_down(num, q);
+		if (den < rats[k].den_min)
+			continue;
+		if (den > rats[k].den_max)
+			den = rats[k].den_max;
+		else {
+			unsigned int r;
+			r = (den - rats[k].den_min) % rats[k].den_step;
+			if (r != 0)
+				den -= r;
+		}
+		diff = num - q * den;
+		if (best_num == 0 ||
+		    diff * best_den < best_diff * den) {
+			best_diff = diff;
+			best_den = den;
+			best_num = num;
+		}
+	}
+	if (best_den == 0) {
+		i->empty = 1;
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	t.min = div_down(best_num, best_den);
+	t.openmin = !!(best_num % best_den);
+	
+	best_num = best_den = best_diff = 0;
+	for (k = 0; k < rats_count; ++k) {
+		unsigned int num = rats[k].num;
+		unsigned int den;
+		unsigned int q = i->max;
+		int diff;
+		if (q == 0) {
+			i->empty = 1;
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+		den = div_up(num, q);
+		if (den > rats[k].den_max)
+			continue;
+		if (den < rats[k].den_min)
+			den = rats[k].den_min;
+		else {
+			unsigned int r;
+			r = (den - rats[k].den_min) % rats[k].den_step;
+			if (r != 0)
+				den += rats[k].den_step - r;
+		}
+		diff = q * den - num;
+		if (best_num == 0 ||
+		    diff * best_den < best_diff * den) {
+			best_diff = diff;
+			best_den = den;
+			best_num = num;
+		}
+	}
+	if (best_den == 0) {
+		i->empty = 1;
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	t.max = div_up(best_num, best_den);
+	t.openmax = !!(best_num % best_den);
+	t.integer = 0;
+	err = snd_interval_refine(i, &t);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	if (snd_interval_single(i)) {
+		if (nump)
+			*nump = best_num;
+		if (denp)
+			*denp = best_den;
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_interval_ratden - refine the interval value
+ *
+ * Returns non-zero if the value is changed, zero if not changed.
+ */
+static int snd_interval_ratden(snd_interval_t *i,
+			       unsigned int rats_count, ratden_t *rats,
+			       unsigned int *nump, unsigned int *denp)
+{
+	unsigned int best_num, best_diff, best_den;
+	unsigned int k;
+	snd_interval_t t;
+	int err;
+
+	best_num = best_den = best_diff = 0;
+	for (k = 0; k < rats_count; ++k) {
+		unsigned int num;
+		unsigned int den = rats[k].den;
+		unsigned int q = i->min;
+		int diff;
+		num = mul(q, den);
+		if (num > rats[k].num_max)
+			continue;
+		if (num < rats[k].num_min)
+			num = rats[k].num_max;
+		else {
+			unsigned int r;
+			r = (num - rats[k].num_min) % rats[k].num_step;
+			if (r != 0)
+				num += rats[k].num_step - r;
+		}
+		diff = num - q * den;
+		if (best_num == 0 ||
+		    diff * best_den < best_diff * den) {
+			best_diff = diff;
+			best_den = den;
+			best_num = num;
+		}
+	}
+	if (best_den == 0) {
+		i->empty = 1;
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	t.min = div_down(best_num, best_den);
+	t.openmin = !!(best_num % best_den);
+	
+	best_num = best_den = best_diff = 0;
+	for (k = 0; k < rats_count; ++k) {
+		unsigned int num;
+		unsigned int den = rats[k].den;
+		unsigned int q = i->max;
+		int diff;
+		num = mul(q, den);
+		if (num < rats[k].num_min)
+			continue;
+		if (num > rats[k].num_max)
+			num = rats[k].num_max;
+		else {
+			unsigned int r;
+			r = (num - rats[k].num_min) % rats[k].num_step;
+			if (r != 0)
+				num -= r;
+		}
+		diff = q * den - num;
+		if (best_num == 0 ||
+		    diff * best_den < best_diff * den) {
+			best_diff = diff;
+			best_den = den;
+			best_num = num;
+		}
+	}
+	if (best_den == 0) {
+		i->empty = 1;
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	t.max = div_up(best_num, best_den);
+	t.openmax = !!(best_num % best_den);
+	t.integer = 0;
+	err = snd_interval_refine(i, &t);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	if (snd_interval_single(i)) {
+		if (nump)
+			*nump = best_num;
+		if (denp)
+			*denp = best_den;
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_interval_list - refine the interval value from the list
+ * @i: the interval value to refine
+ * @count: the number of elements in the list
+ * @list: the value list
+ * @mask: the bit-mask to evaluate
+ *
+ * Refines the interval value from the list.
+ * When mask is non-zero, only the elements corresponding to bit 1 are
+ * evaluated.
+ *
+ * Returns non-zero if the value is changed, zero if not changed.
+ */
+int snd_interval_list(snd_interval_t *i, unsigned int count, unsigned int *list, unsigned int mask)
+{
+        unsigned int k;
+	int changed = 0;
+        for (k = 0; k < count; k++) {
+		if (mask && !(mask & (1 << k)))
+			continue;
+                if (i->min == list[k] && !i->openmin)
+                        goto _l1;
+                if (i->min < list[k]) {
+                        i->min = list[k];
+			i->openmin = 0;
+			changed = 1;
+                        goto _l1;
+                }
+        }
+        i->empty = 1;
+        return -EINVAL;
+ _l1:
+        for (k = count; k-- > 0;) {
+		if (mask && !(mask & (1 << k)))
+			continue;
+                if (i->max == list[k] && !i->openmax)
+                        goto _l2;
+                if (i->max > list[k]) {
+                        i->max = list[k];
+			i->openmax = 0;
+			changed = 1;
+                        goto _l2;
+                }
+        }
+        i->empty = 1;
+        return -EINVAL;
+ _l2:
+	if (snd_interval_checkempty(i)) {
+		i->empty = 1;
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+        return changed;
+}
+
+static int snd_interval_step(snd_interval_t *i, unsigned int min, unsigned int step)
+{
+	unsigned int n;
+	int changed = 0;
+	n = (i->min - min) % step;
+	if (n != 0 || i->openmin) {
+		i->min += step - n;
+		changed = 1;
+	}
+	n = (i->max - min) % step;
+	if (n != 0 || i->openmax) {
+		i->max -= n;
+		changed = 1;
+	}
+	if (snd_interval_checkempty(i)) {
+		i->empty = 1;
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	return changed;
+}
+
+/* Info constraints helpers */
+
+/**
+ * snd_pcm_hw_rule_add - add the hw-constraint rule
+ * @runtime: the pcm runtime instance
+ * @cond: condition bits
+ * @var: the variable to evaluate
+ * @func: the evaluation function
+ * @private: the private data pointer passed to function
+ * @dep: the dependent variables
+ *
+ * Returns zero if successful, or a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+int snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(snd_pcm_runtime_t *runtime, unsigned int cond,
+			int var,
+			snd_pcm_hw_rule_func_t func, void *private,
+			int dep, ...)
+{
+	snd_pcm_hw_constraints_t *constrs = &runtime->hw_constraints;
+	snd_pcm_hw_rule_t *c;
+	unsigned int k;
+	va_list args;
+	va_start(args, dep);
+	if (constrs->rules_num >= constrs->rules_all) {
+		snd_pcm_hw_rule_t *new;
+		unsigned int new_rules = constrs->rules_all + 16;
+		new = kcalloc(new_rules, sizeof(*c), GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (!new)
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		if (constrs->rules) {
+			memcpy(new, constrs->rules,
+			       constrs->rules_num * sizeof(*c));
+			kfree(constrs->rules);
+		}
+		constrs->rules = new;
+		constrs->rules_all = new_rules;
+	}
+	c = &constrs->rules[constrs->rules_num];
+	c->cond = cond;
+	c->func = func;
+	c->var = var;
+	c->private = private;
+	k = 0;
+	while (1) {
+		snd_assert(k < ARRAY_SIZE(c->deps), return -EINVAL);
+		c->deps[k++] = dep;
+		if (dep < 0)
+			break;
+		dep = va_arg(args, int);
+	}
+	constrs->rules_num++;
+	va_end(args);
+	return 0;
+}				    
+
+/**
+ * snd_pcm_hw_constraint_mask
+ */
+int snd_pcm_hw_constraint_mask(snd_pcm_runtime_t *runtime, snd_pcm_hw_param_t var,
+			       u_int32_t mask)
+{
+	snd_pcm_hw_constraints_t *constrs = &runtime->hw_constraints;
+	snd_mask_t *maskp = constrs_mask(constrs, var);
+	*maskp->bits &= mask;
+	memset(maskp->bits + 1, 0, (SNDRV_MASK_MAX-32) / 8); /* clear rest */
+	if (*maskp->bits == 0)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_pcm_hw_constraint_mask64
+ */
+int snd_pcm_hw_constraint_mask64(snd_pcm_runtime_t *runtime, snd_pcm_hw_param_t var,
+				 u_int64_t mask)
+{
+	snd_pcm_hw_constraints_t *constrs = &runtime->hw_constraints;
+	snd_mask_t *maskp = constrs_mask(constrs, var);
+	maskp->bits[0] &= (u_int32_t)mask;
+	maskp->bits[1] &= (u_int32_t)(mask >> 32);
+	memset(maskp->bits + 2, 0, (SNDRV_MASK_MAX-64) / 8); /* clear rest */
+	if (! maskp->bits[0] && ! maskp->bits[1])
+		return -EINVAL;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer
+ */
+int snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(snd_pcm_runtime_t *runtime, snd_pcm_hw_param_t var)
+{
+	snd_pcm_hw_constraints_t *constrs = &runtime->hw_constraints;
+	return snd_interval_setinteger(constrs_interval(constrs, var));
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_pcm_hw_constraint_minmax
+ */
+int snd_pcm_hw_constraint_minmax(snd_pcm_runtime_t *runtime, snd_pcm_hw_param_t var,
+				 unsigned int min, unsigned int max)
+{
+	snd_pcm_hw_constraints_t *constrs = &runtime->hw_constraints;
+	snd_interval_t t;
+	t.min = min;
+	t.max = max;
+	t.openmin = t.openmax = 0;
+	t.integer = 0;
+	return snd_interval_refine(constrs_interval(constrs, var), &t);
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_hw_rule_list(snd_pcm_hw_params_t *params,
+				snd_pcm_hw_rule_t *rule)
+{
+	snd_pcm_hw_constraint_list_t *list = rule->private;
+	return snd_interval_list(hw_param_interval(params, rule->var), list->count, list->list, list->mask);
+}		
+
+
+/**
+ * snd_pcm_hw_constraint_list
+ */
+int snd_pcm_hw_constraint_list(snd_pcm_runtime_t *runtime,
+			       unsigned int cond,
+			       snd_pcm_hw_param_t var,
+			       snd_pcm_hw_constraint_list_t *l)
+{
+	return snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(runtime, cond, var,
+				   snd_pcm_hw_rule_list, l,
+				   var, -1);
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_hw_rule_ratnums(snd_pcm_hw_params_t *params,
+				   snd_pcm_hw_rule_t *rule)
+{
+	snd_pcm_hw_constraint_ratnums_t *r = rule->private;
+	unsigned int num = 0, den = 0;
+	int err;
+	err = snd_interval_ratnum(hw_param_interval(params, rule->var),
+				  r->nrats, r->rats, &num, &den);
+	if (err >= 0 && den && rule->var == SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE) {
+		params->rate_num = num;
+		params->rate_den = den;
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_pcm_hw_constraint_ratnums
+ */
+int snd_pcm_hw_constraint_ratnums(snd_pcm_runtime_t *runtime, 
+				  unsigned int cond,
+				  snd_pcm_hw_param_t var,
+				  snd_pcm_hw_constraint_ratnums_t *r)
+{
+	return snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(runtime, cond, var,
+				   snd_pcm_hw_rule_ratnums, r,
+				   var, -1);
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_hw_rule_ratdens(snd_pcm_hw_params_t *params,
+				   snd_pcm_hw_rule_t *rule)
+{
+	snd_pcm_hw_constraint_ratdens_t *r = rule->private;
+	unsigned int num = 0, den = 0;
+	int err = snd_interval_ratden(hw_param_interval(params, rule->var),
+				  r->nrats, r->rats, &num, &den);
+	if (err >= 0 && den && rule->var == SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE) {
+		params->rate_num = num;
+		params->rate_den = den;
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_pcm_hw_constraint_ratdens
+ */
+int snd_pcm_hw_constraint_ratdens(snd_pcm_runtime_t *runtime, 
+				  unsigned int cond,
+				  snd_pcm_hw_param_t var,
+				  snd_pcm_hw_constraint_ratdens_t *r)
+{
+	return snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(runtime, cond, var,
+				   snd_pcm_hw_rule_ratdens, r,
+				   var, -1);
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_hw_rule_msbits(snd_pcm_hw_params_t *params,
+				  snd_pcm_hw_rule_t *rule)
+{
+	unsigned int l = (unsigned long) rule->private;
+	int width = l & 0xffff;
+	unsigned int msbits = l >> 16;
+	snd_interval_t *i = hw_param_interval(params, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_SAMPLE_BITS);
+	if (snd_interval_single(i) && snd_interval_value(i) == width)
+		params->msbits = msbits;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_pcm_hw_constraint_msbits
+ */
+int snd_pcm_hw_constraint_msbits(snd_pcm_runtime_t *runtime, 
+				 unsigned int cond,
+				 unsigned int width,
+				 unsigned int msbits)
+{
+	unsigned long l = (msbits << 16) | width;
+	return snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(runtime, cond, -1,
+				    snd_pcm_hw_rule_msbits,
+				    (void*) l,
+				    SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_SAMPLE_BITS, -1);
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_hw_rule_step(snd_pcm_hw_params_t *params,
+				snd_pcm_hw_rule_t *rule)
+{
+	unsigned long step = (unsigned long) rule->private;
+	return snd_interval_step(hw_param_interval(params, rule->var), 0, step);
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_pcm_hw_constraint_step
+ */
+int snd_pcm_hw_constraint_step(snd_pcm_runtime_t *runtime,
+			       unsigned int cond,
+			       snd_pcm_hw_param_t var,
+			       unsigned long step)
+{
+	return snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(runtime, cond, var, 
+				   snd_pcm_hw_rule_step, (void *) step,
+				   var, -1);
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_hw_rule_pow2(snd_pcm_hw_params_t *params, snd_pcm_hw_rule_t *rule)
+{
+	static int pow2_sizes[] = {
+		1<<0, 1<<1, 1<<2, 1<<3, 1<<4, 1<<5, 1<<6, 1<<7,
+		1<<8, 1<<9, 1<<10, 1<<11, 1<<12, 1<<13, 1<<14, 1<<15,
+		1<<16, 1<<17, 1<<18, 1<<19, 1<<20, 1<<21, 1<<22, 1<<23,
+		1<<24, 1<<25, 1<<26, 1<<27, 1<<28, 1<<29, 1<<30
+	};
+	return snd_interval_list(hw_param_interval(params, rule->var),
+				 ARRAY_SIZE(pow2_sizes), pow2_sizes, 0);
+}		
+
+/**
+ * snd_pcm_hw_constraint_pow2
+ */
+int snd_pcm_hw_constraint_pow2(snd_pcm_runtime_t *runtime,
+			       unsigned int cond,
+			       snd_pcm_hw_param_t var)
+{
+	return snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(runtime, cond, var, 
+				   snd_pcm_hw_rule_pow2, NULL,
+				   var, -1);
+}
+
+/* To use the same code we have in alsa-lib */
+#define snd_pcm_t snd_pcm_substream_t
+#define assert(i) snd_assert((i), return -EINVAL)
+#ifndef INT_MIN
+#define INT_MIN ((int)((unsigned int)INT_MAX+1))
+#endif
+
+void _snd_pcm_hw_param_any(snd_pcm_hw_params_t *params, snd_pcm_hw_param_t var)
+{
+	if (hw_is_mask(var)) {
+		snd_mask_any(hw_param_mask(params, var));
+		params->cmask |= 1 << var;
+		params->rmask |= 1 << var;
+		return;
+	}
+	if (hw_is_interval(var)) {
+		snd_interval_any(hw_param_interval(params, var));
+		params->cmask |= 1 << var;
+		params->rmask |= 1 << var;
+		return;
+	}
+	snd_BUG();
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_pcm_hw_param_any
+ */
+int snd_pcm_hw_param_any(snd_pcm_t *pcm, snd_pcm_hw_params_t *params,
+			 snd_pcm_hw_param_t var)
+{
+	_snd_pcm_hw_param_any(params, var);
+	return snd_pcm_hw_refine(pcm, params);
+}
+
+void _snd_pcm_hw_params_any(snd_pcm_hw_params_t *params)
+{
+	unsigned int k;
+	memset(params, 0, sizeof(*params));
+	for (k = SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FIRST_MASK; k <= SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_LAST_MASK; k++)
+		_snd_pcm_hw_param_any(params, k);
+	for (k = SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FIRST_INTERVAL; k <= SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_LAST_INTERVAL; k++)
+		_snd_pcm_hw_param_any(params, k);
+	params->info = ~0U;
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_pcm_hw_params_any
+ *
+ * Fill PARAMS with full configuration space boundaries
+ */
+int snd_pcm_hw_params_any(snd_pcm_t *pcm, snd_pcm_hw_params_t *params)
+{
+	_snd_pcm_hw_params_any(params);
+	return snd_pcm_hw_refine(pcm, params);
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_pcm_hw_param_value
+ *
+ * Return the value for field PAR if it's fixed in configuration space 
+ *  defined by PARAMS. Return -EINVAL otherwise
+ */
+int snd_pcm_hw_param_value(const snd_pcm_hw_params_t *params,
+			   snd_pcm_hw_param_t var, int *dir)
+{
+	if (hw_is_mask(var)) {
+		const snd_mask_t *mask = hw_param_mask_c(params, var);
+		if (!snd_mask_single(mask))
+			return -EINVAL;
+		if (dir)
+			*dir = 0;
+		return snd_mask_value(mask);
+	}
+	if (hw_is_interval(var)) {
+		const snd_interval_t *i = hw_param_interval_c(params, var);
+		if (!snd_interval_single(i))
+			return -EINVAL;
+		if (dir)
+			*dir = i->openmin;
+		return snd_interval_value(i);
+	}
+	assert(0);
+	return -EINVAL;
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_pcm_hw_param_value_min
+ *
+ * Return the minimum value for field PAR.
+ */
+unsigned int snd_pcm_hw_param_value_min(const snd_pcm_hw_params_t *params,
+					snd_pcm_hw_param_t var, int *dir)
+{
+	if (hw_is_mask(var)) {
+		if (dir)
+			*dir = 0;
+		return snd_mask_min(hw_param_mask_c(params, var));
+	}
+	if (hw_is_interval(var)) {
+		const snd_interval_t *i = hw_param_interval_c(params, var);
+		if (dir)
+			*dir = i->openmin;
+		return snd_interval_min(i);
+	}
+	assert(0);
+	return -EINVAL;
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_pcm_hw_param_value_max
+ *
+ * Return the maximum value for field PAR.
+ */
+unsigned int snd_pcm_hw_param_value_max(const snd_pcm_hw_params_t *params,
+					snd_pcm_hw_param_t var, int *dir)
+{
+	if (hw_is_mask(var)) {
+		if (dir)
+			*dir = 0;
+		return snd_mask_max(hw_param_mask_c(params, var));
+	}
+	if (hw_is_interval(var)) {
+		const snd_interval_t *i = hw_param_interval_c(params, var);
+		if (dir)
+			*dir = - (int) i->openmax;
+		return snd_interval_max(i);
+	}
+	assert(0);
+	return -EINVAL;
+}
+
+void _snd_pcm_hw_param_setempty(snd_pcm_hw_params_t *params,
+				snd_pcm_hw_param_t var)
+{
+	if (hw_is_mask(var)) {
+		snd_mask_none(hw_param_mask(params, var));
+		params->cmask |= 1 << var;
+		params->rmask |= 1 << var;
+	} else if (hw_is_interval(var)) {
+		snd_interval_none(hw_param_interval(params, var));
+		params->cmask |= 1 << var;
+		params->rmask |= 1 << var;
+	} else {
+		snd_BUG();
+	}
+}
+
+int _snd_pcm_hw_param_setinteger(snd_pcm_hw_params_t *params,
+				 snd_pcm_hw_param_t var)
+{
+	int changed;
+	assert(hw_is_interval(var));
+	changed = snd_interval_setinteger(hw_param_interval(params, var));
+	if (changed) {
+		params->cmask |= 1 << var;
+		params->rmask |= 1 << var;
+	}
+	return changed;
+}
+	
+/**
+ * snd_pcm_hw_param_setinteger
+ *
+ * Inside configuration space defined by PARAMS remove from PAR all 
+ * non integer values. Reduce configuration space accordingly.
+ * Return -EINVAL if the configuration space is empty
+ */
+int snd_pcm_hw_param_setinteger(snd_pcm_t *pcm, 
+				snd_pcm_hw_params_t *params,
+				snd_pcm_hw_param_t var)
+{
+	int changed = _snd_pcm_hw_param_setinteger(params, var);
+	if (changed < 0)
+		return changed;
+	if (params->rmask) {
+		int err = snd_pcm_hw_refine(pcm, params);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int _snd_pcm_hw_param_first(snd_pcm_hw_params_t *params,
+			    snd_pcm_hw_param_t var)
+{
+	int changed;
+	if (hw_is_mask(var))
+		changed = snd_mask_refine_first(hw_param_mask(params, var));
+	else if (hw_is_interval(var))
+		changed = snd_interval_refine_first(hw_param_interval(params, var));
+	else {
+		assert(0);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	if (changed) {
+		params->cmask |= 1 << var;
+		params->rmask |= 1 << var;
+	}
+	return changed;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * snd_pcm_hw_param_first
+ *
+ * Inside configuration space defined by PARAMS remove from PAR all 
+ * values > minimum. Reduce configuration space accordingly.
+ * Return the minimum.
+ */
+int snd_pcm_hw_param_first(snd_pcm_t *pcm, 
+			   snd_pcm_hw_params_t *params, 
+			   snd_pcm_hw_param_t var, int *dir)
+{
+	int changed = _snd_pcm_hw_param_first(params, var);
+	if (changed < 0)
+		return changed;
+	if (params->rmask) {
+		int err = snd_pcm_hw_refine(pcm, params);
+		assert(err >= 0);
+	}
+	return snd_pcm_hw_param_value(params, var, dir);
+}
+
+int _snd_pcm_hw_param_last(snd_pcm_hw_params_t *params,
+			   snd_pcm_hw_param_t var)
+{
+	int changed;
+	if (hw_is_mask(var))
+		changed = snd_mask_refine_last(hw_param_mask(params, var));
+	else if (hw_is_interval(var))
+		changed = snd_interval_refine_last(hw_param_interval(params, var));
+	else {
+		assert(0);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	if (changed) {
+		params->cmask |= 1 << var;
+		params->rmask |= 1 << var;
+	}
+	return changed;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * snd_pcm_hw_param_last
+ *
+ * Inside configuration space defined by PARAMS remove from PAR all 
+ * values < maximum. Reduce configuration space accordingly.
+ * Return the maximum.
+ */
+int snd_pcm_hw_param_last(snd_pcm_t *pcm, 
+			  snd_pcm_hw_params_t *params,
+			  snd_pcm_hw_param_t var, int *dir)
+{
+	int changed = _snd_pcm_hw_param_last(params, var);
+	if (changed < 0)
+		return changed;
+	if (params->rmask) {
+		int err = snd_pcm_hw_refine(pcm, params);
+		assert(err >= 0);
+	}
+	return snd_pcm_hw_param_value(params, var, dir);
+}
+
+int _snd_pcm_hw_param_min(snd_pcm_hw_params_t *params,
+			  snd_pcm_hw_param_t var, unsigned int val, int dir)
+{
+	int changed;
+	int open = 0;
+	if (dir) {
+		if (dir > 0) {
+			open = 1;
+		} else if (dir < 0) {
+			if (val > 0) {
+				open = 1;
+				val--;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if (hw_is_mask(var))
+		changed = snd_mask_refine_min(hw_param_mask(params, var), val + !!open);
+	else if (hw_is_interval(var))
+		changed = snd_interval_refine_min(hw_param_interval(params, var), val, open);
+	else {
+		assert(0);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	if (changed) {
+		params->cmask |= 1 << var;
+		params->rmask |= 1 << var;
+	}
+	return changed;
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_pcm_hw_param_min
+ *
+ * Inside configuration space defined by PARAMS remove from PAR all 
+ * values < VAL. Reduce configuration space accordingly.
+ * Return new minimum or -EINVAL if the configuration space is empty
+ */
+int snd_pcm_hw_param_min(snd_pcm_t *pcm, snd_pcm_hw_params_t *params,
+			 snd_pcm_hw_param_t var, unsigned int val, int *dir)
+{
+	int changed = _snd_pcm_hw_param_min(params, var, val, dir ? *dir : 0);
+	if (changed < 0)
+		return changed;
+	if (params->rmask) {
+		int err = snd_pcm_hw_refine(pcm, params);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	return snd_pcm_hw_param_value_min(params, var, dir);
+}
+
+int _snd_pcm_hw_param_max(snd_pcm_hw_params_t *params,
+			   snd_pcm_hw_param_t var, unsigned int val, int dir)
+{
+	int changed;
+	int open = 0;
+	if (dir) {
+		if (dir < 0) {
+			open = 1;
+		} else if (dir > 0) {
+			open = 1;
+			val++;
+		}
+	}
+	if (hw_is_mask(var)) {
+		if (val == 0 && open) {
+			snd_mask_none(hw_param_mask(params, var));
+			changed = -EINVAL;
+		} else
+			changed = snd_mask_refine_max(hw_param_mask(params, var), val - !!open);
+	} else if (hw_is_interval(var))
+		changed = snd_interval_refine_max(hw_param_interval(params, var), val, open);
+	else {
+		assert(0);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	if (changed) {
+		params->cmask |= 1 << var;
+		params->rmask |= 1 << var;
+	}
+	return changed;
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_pcm_hw_param_max
+ *
+ * Inside configuration space defined by PARAMS remove from PAR all 
+ *  values >= VAL + 1. Reduce configuration space accordingly.
+ *  Return new maximum or -EINVAL if the configuration space is empty
+ */
+int snd_pcm_hw_param_max(snd_pcm_t *pcm, snd_pcm_hw_params_t *params,
+			  snd_pcm_hw_param_t var, unsigned int val, int *dir)
+{
+	int changed = _snd_pcm_hw_param_max(params, var, val, dir ? *dir : 0);
+	if (changed < 0)
+		return changed;
+	if (params->rmask) {
+		int err = snd_pcm_hw_refine(pcm, params);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	return snd_pcm_hw_param_value_max(params, var, dir);
+}
+
+int _snd_pcm_hw_param_set(snd_pcm_hw_params_t *params,
+			  snd_pcm_hw_param_t var, unsigned int val, int dir)
+{
+	int changed;
+	if (hw_is_mask(var)) {
+		snd_mask_t *m = hw_param_mask(params, var);
+		if (val == 0 && dir < 0) {
+			changed = -EINVAL;
+			snd_mask_none(m);
+		} else {
+			if (dir > 0)
+				val++;
+			else if (dir < 0)
+				val--;
+			changed = snd_mask_refine_set(hw_param_mask(params, var), val);
+		}
+	} else if (hw_is_interval(var)) {
+		snd_interval_t *i = hw_param_interval(params, var);
+		if (val == 0 && dir < 0) {
+			changed = -EINVAL;
+			snd_interval_none(i);
+		} else if (dir == 0)
+			changed = snd_interval_refine_set(i, val);
+		else {
+			snd_interval_t t;
+			t.openmin = 1;
+			t.openmax = 1;
+			t.empty = 0;
+			t.integer = 0;
+			if (dir < 0) {
+				t.min = val - 1;
+				t.max = val;
+			} else {
+				t.min = val;
+				t.max = val+1;
+			}
+			changed = snd_interval_refine(i, &t);
+		}
+	} else {
+		assert(0);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	if (changed) {
+		params->cmask |= 1 << var;
+		params->rmask |= 1 << var;
+	}
+	return changed;
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_pcm_hw_param_set
+ *
+ * Inside configuration space defined by PARAMS remove from PAR all 
+ * values != VAL. Reduce configuration space accordingly.
+ *  Return VAL or -EINVAL if the configuration space is empty
+ */
+int snd_pcm_hw_param_set(snd_pcm_t *pcm, snd_pcm_hw_params_t *params,
+			 snd_pcm_hw_param_t var, unsigned int val, int dir)
+{
+	int changed = _snd_pcm_hw_param_set(params, var, val, dir);
+	if (changed < 0)
+		return changed;
+	if (params->rmask) {
+		int err = snd_pcm_hw_refine(pcm, params);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	return snd_pcm_hw_param_value(params, var, NULL);
+}
+
+int _snd_pcm_hw_param_mask(snd_pcm_hw_params_t *params,
+			   snd_pcm_hw_param_t var, const snd_mask_t *val)
+{
+	int changed;
+	assert(hw_is_mask(var));
+	changed = snd_mask_refine(hw_param_mask(params, var), val);
+	if (changed) {
+		params->cmask |= 1 << var;
+		params->rmask |= 1 << var;
+	}
+	return changed;
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_pcm_hw_param_mask
+ *
+ * Inside configuration space defined by PARAMS remove from PAR all values
+ * not contained in MASK. Reduce configuration space accordingly.
+ * This function can be called only for SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_ACCESS,
+ * SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_SUBFORMAT.
+ * Return 0 on success or -EINVAL
+ * if the configuration space is empty
+ */
+int snd_pcm_hw_param_mask(snd_pcm_t *pcm, snd_pcm_hw_params_t *params,
+			  snd_pcm_hw_param_t var, const snd_mask_t *val)
+{
+	int changed = _snd_pcm_hw_param_mask(params, var, val);
+	if (changed < 0)
+		return changed;
+	if (params->rmask) {
+		int err = snd_pcm_hw_refine(pcm, params);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int boundary_sub(int a, int adir,
+			int b, int bdir,
+			int *c, int *cdir)
+{
+	adir = adir < 0 ? -1 : (adir > 0 ? 1 : 0);
+	bdir = bdir < 0 ? -1 : (bdir > 0 ? 1 : 0);
+	*c = a - b;
+	*cdir = adir - bdir;
+	if (*cdir == -2) {
+		assert(*c > INT_MIN);
+		(*c)--;
+	} else if (*cdir == 2) {
+		assert(*c < INT_MAX);
+		(*c)++;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int boundary_lt(unsigned int a, int adir,
+		       unsigned int b, int bdir)
+{
+	assert(a > 0 || adir >= 0);
+	assert(b > 0 || bdir >= 0);
+	if (adir < 0) {
+		a--;
+		adir = 1;
+	} else if (adir > 0)
+		adir = 1;
+	if (bdir < 0) {
+		b--;
+		bdir = 1;
+	} else if (bdir > 0)
+		bdir = 1;
+	return a < b || (a == b && adir < bdir);
+}
+
+/* Return 1 if min is nearer to best than max */
+static int boundary_nearer(int min, int mindir,
+			   int best, int bestdir,
+			   int max, int maxdir)
+{
+	int dmin, dmindir;
+	int dmax, dmaxdir;
+	boundary_sub(best, bestdir, min, mindir, &dmin, &dmindir);
+	boundary_sub(max, maxdir, best, bestdir, &dmax, &dmaxdir);
+	return boundary_lt(dmin, dmindir, dmax, dmaxdir);
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_pcm_hw_param_near
+ *
+ * Inside configuration space defined by PARAMS set PAR to the available value
+ * nearest to VAL. Reduce configuration space accordingly.
+ * This function cannot be called for SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_ACCESS,
+ * SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_SUBFORMAT.
+ * Return the value found.
+  */
+int snd_pcm_hw_param_near(snd_pcm_t *pcm, snd_pcm_hw_params_t *params,
+			  snd_pcm_hw_param_t var, unsigned int best, int *dir)
+{
+	snd_pcm_hw_params_t *save = NULL;
+	int v;
+	unsigned int saved_min;
+	int last = 0;
+	int min, max;
+	int mindir, maxdir;
+	int valdir = dir ? *dir : 0;
+	/* FIXME */
+	if (best > INT_MAX)
+		best = INT_MAX;
+	min = max = best;
+	mindir = maxdir = valdir;
+	if (maxdir > 0)
+		maxdir = 0;
+	else if (maxdir == 0)
+		maxdir = -1;
+	else {
+		maxdir = 1;
+		max--;
+	}
+	save = kmalloc(sizeof(*save), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (save == NULL)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	*save = *params;
+	saved_min = min;
+	min = snd_pcm_hw_param_min(pcm, params, var, min, &mindir);
+	if (min >= 0) {
+		snd_pcm_hw_params_t *params1;
+		if (max < 0)
+			goto _end;
+		if ((unsigned int)min == saved_min && mindir == valdir)
+			goto _end;
+		params1 = kmalloc(sizeof(*params1), GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (params1 == NULL) {
+			kfree(save);
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		}
+		*params1 = *save;
+		max = snd_pcm_hw_param_max(pcm, params1, var, max, &maxdir);
+		if (max < 0) {
+			kfree(params1);
+			goto _end;
+		}
+		if (boundary_nearer(max, maxdir, best, valdir, min, mindir)) {
+			*params = *params1;
+			last = 1;
+		}
+		kfree(params1);
+	} else {
+		*params = *save;
+		max = snd_pcm_hw_param_max(pcm, params, var, max, &maxdir);
+		assert(max >= 0);
+		last = 1;
+	}
+ _end:
+ 	kfree(save);
+	if (last)
+		v = snd_pcm_hw_param_last(pcm, params, var, dir);
+	else
+		v = snd_pcm_hw_param_first(pcm, params, var, dir);
+	assert(v >= 0);
+	return v;
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_pcm_hw_param_choose
+ *
+ * Choose one configuration from configuration space defined by PARAMS
+ * The configuration chosen is that obtained fixing in this order:
+ * first access, first format, first subformat, min channels,
+ * min rate, min period time, max buffer size, min tick time
+ */
+int snd_pcm_hw_params_choose(snd_pcm_t *pcm, snd_pcm_hw_params_t *params)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_param_first(pcm, params, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_ACCESS, NULL);
+	assert(err >= 0);
+
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_param_first(pcm, params, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT, NULL);
+	assert(err >= 0);
+
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_param_first(pcm, params, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_SUBFORMAT, NULL);
+	assert(err >= 0);
+
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_param_first(pcm, params, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS, NULL);
+	assert(err >= 0);
+
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_param_first(pcm, params, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE, NULL);
+	assert(err >= 0);
+
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_param_first(pcm, params, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_TIME, NULL);
+	assert(err >= 0);
+
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_param_last(pcm, params, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_BUFFER_SIZE, NULL);
+	assert(err >= 0);
+
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_param_first(pcm, params, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_TICK_TIME, NULL);
+	assert(err >= 0);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#undef snd_pcm_t
+#undef assert
+
+static int snd_pcm_lib_ioctl_reset(snd_pcm_substream_t *substream,
+				   void *arg)
+{
+	snd_pcm_runtime_t *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	unsigned long flags;
+	snd_pcm_stream_lock_irqsave(substream, flags);
+	if (snd_pcm_running(substream) &&
+	    snd_pcm_update_hw_ptr(substream) >= 0)
+		runtime->status->hw_ptr %= runtime->buffer_size;
+	else
+		runtime->status->hw_ptr = 0;
+	snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irqrestore(substream, flags);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_lib_ioctl_channel_info(snd_pcm_substream_t *substream,
+					  void *arg)
+{
+	snd_pcm_channel_info_t *info = arg;
+	snd_pcm_runtime_t *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	int width;
+	if (!(runtime->info & SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP)) {
+		info->offset = -1;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	width = snd_pcm_format_physical_width(runtime->format);
+	if (width < 0)
+		return width;
+	info->offset = 0;
+	switch (runtime->access) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_ACCESS_MMAP_INTERLEAVED:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_ACCESS_RW_INTERLEAVED:
+		info->first = info->channel * width;
+		info->step = runtime->channels * width;
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_ACCESS_MMAP_NONINTERLEAVED:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_ACCESS_RW_NONINTERLEAVED:
+	{
+		size_t size = runtime->dma_bytes / runtime->channels;
+		info->first = info->channel * size * 8;
+		info->step = width;
+		break;
+	}
+	default:
+		snd_BUG();
+		break;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_pcm_lib_ioctl - a generic PCM ioctl callback
+ * @substream: the pcm substream instance
+ * @cmd: ioctl command
+ * @arg: ioctl argument
+ *
+ * Processes the generic ioctl commands for PCM.
+ * Can be passed as the ioctl callback for PCM ops.
+ *
+ * Returns zero if successful, or a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+int snd_pcm_lib_ioctl(snd_pcm_substream_t *substream,
+		      unsigned int cmd, void *arg)
+{
+	switch (cmd) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL1_INFO:
+		return 0;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL1_RESET:
+		return snd_pcm_lib_ioctl_reset(substream, arg);
+	case SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL1_CHANNEL_INFO:
+		return snd_pcm_lib_ioctl_channel_info(substream, arg);
+	}
+	return -ENXIO;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  Conditions
+ */
+
+static void snd_pcm_system_tick_set(snd_pcm_substream_t *substream, 
+				    unsigned long ticks)
+{
+	snd_pcm_runtime_t *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	if (ticks == 0)
+		del_timer(&runtime->tick_timer);
+	else {
+		ticks += (1000000 / HZ) - 1;
+		ticks /= (1000000 / HZ);
+		mod_timer(&runtime->tick_timer, jiffies + ticks);
+	}
+}
+
+/* Temporary alias */
+void snd_pcm_tick_set(snd_pcm_substream_t *substream, unsigned long ticks)
+{
+	snd_pcm_system_tick_set(substream, ticks);
+}
+
+void snd_pcm_tick_prepare(snd_pcm_substream_t *substream)
+{
+	snd_pcm_runtime_t *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	snd_pcm_uframes_t frames = ULONG_MAX;
+	snd_pcm_uframes_t avail, dist;
+	unsigned int ticks;
+	u_int64_t n;
+	u_int32_t r;
+	if (substream->stream == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK) {
+		if (runtime->silence_size >= runtime->boundary) {
+			frames = 1;
+		} else if (runtime->silence_size > 0 &&
+			   runtime->silence_filled < runtime->buffer_size) {
+			snd_pcm_sframes_t noise_dist;
+			noise_dist = snd_pcm_playback_hw_avail(runtime) + runtime->silence_filled;
+			snd_assert(noise_dist <= (snd_pcm_sframes_t)runtime->silence_threshold, );
+			frames = noise_dist - runtime->silence_threshold;
+		}
+		avail = snd_pcm_playback_avail(runtime);
+	} else {
+		avail = snd_pcm_capture_avail(runtime);
+	}
+	if (avail < runtime->control->avail_min) {
+		snd_pcm_sframes_t n = runtime->control->avail_min - avail;
+		if (n > 0 && frames > (snd_pcm_uframes_t)n)
+			frames = n;
+	}
+	if (avail < runtime->buffer_size) {
+		snd_pcm_sframes_t n = runtime->buffer_size - avail;
+		if (n > 0 && frames > (snd_pcm_uframes_t)n)
+			frames = n;
+	}
+	if (frames == ULONG_MAX) {
+		snd_pcm_tick_set(substream, 0);
+		return;
+	}
+	dist = runtime->status->hw_ptr - runtime->hw_ptr_base;
+	/* Distance to next interrupt */
+	dist = runtime->period_size - dist % runtime->period_size;
+	if (dist <= frames) {
+		snd_pcm_tick_set(substream, 0);
+		return;
+	}
+	/* the base time is us */
+	n = frames;
+	n *= 1000000;
+	div64_32(&n, runtime->tick_time * runtime->rate, &r);
+	ticks = n + (r > 0 ? 1 : 0);
+	if (ticks < runtime->sleep_min)
+		ticks = runtime->sleep_min;
+	snd_pcm_tick_set(substream, (unsigned long) ticks);
+}
+
+void snd_pcm_tick_elapsed(snd_pcm_substream_t *substream)
+{
+	snd_pcm_runtime_t *runtime;
+	unsigned long flags;
+	
+	snd_assert(substream != NULL, return);
+	runtime = substream->runtime;
+	snd_assert(runtime != NULL, return);
+
+	snd_pcm_stream_lock_irqsave(substream, flags);
+	if (!snd_pcm_running(substream) ||
+	    snd_pcm_update_hw_ptr(substream) < 0)
+		goto _end;
+	if (runtime->sleep_min)
+		snd_pcm_tick_prepare(substream);
+ _end:
+	snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irqrestore(substream, flags);
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_pcm_period_elapsed - update the pcm status for the next period
+ * @substream: the pcm substream instance
+ *
+ * This function is called from the interrupt handler when the
+ * PCM has processed the period size.  It will update the current
+ * pointer, set up the tick, wake up sleepers, etc.
+ *
+ * Even if more than one periods have elapsed since the last call, you
+ * have to call this only once.
+ */
+void snd_pcm_period_elapsed(snd_pcm_substream_t *substream)
+{
+	snd_pcm_runtime_t *runtime;
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	snd_assert(substream != NULL, return);
+	runtime = substream->runtime;
+	snd_assert(runtime != NULL, return);
+
+	if (runtime->transfer_ack_begin)
+		runtime->transfer_ack_begin(substream);
+
+	snd_pcm_stream_lock_irqsave(substream, flags);
+	if (!snd_pcm_running(substream) ||
+	    snd_pcm_update_hw_ptr_interrupt(substream) < 0)
+		goto _end;
+
+	if (substream->timer_running)
+		snd_timer_interrupt(substream->timer, 1);
+	if (runtime->sleep_min)
+		snd_pcm_tick_prepare(substream);
+ _end:
+	snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irqrestore(substream, flags);
+	if (runtime->transfer_ack_end)
+		runtime->transfer_ack_end(substream);
+	kill_fasync(&runtime->fasync, SIGIO, POLL_IN);
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_lib_write_transfer(snd_pcm_substream_t *substream,
+				      unsigned int hwoff,
+				      unsigned long data, unsigned int off,
+				      snd_pcm_uframes_t frames)
+{
+	snd_pcm_runtime_t *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	int err;
+	char __user *buf = (char __user *) data + frames_to_bytes(runtime, off);
+	if (substream->ops->copy) {
+		if ((err = substream->ops->copy(substream, -1, hwoff, buf, frames)) < 0)
+			return err;
+	} else {
+		char *hwbuf = runtime->dma_area + frames_to_bytes(runtime, hwoff);
+		snd_assert(runtime->dma_area, return -EFAULT);
+		if (copy_from_user(hwbuf, buf, frames_to_bytes(runtime, frames)))
+			return -EFAULT;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+ 
+typedef int (*transfer_f)(snd_pcm_substream_t *substream, unsigned int hwoff,
+			  unsigned long data, unsigned int off,
+			  snd_pcm_uframes_t size);
+
+static snd_pcm_sframes_t snd_pcm_lib_write1(snd_pcm_substream_t *substream, 
+					    unsigned long data,
+					    snd_pcm_uframes_t size,
+					    int nonblock,
+					    transfer_f transfer)
+{
+	snd_pcm_runtime_t *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	snd_pcm_uframes_t xfer = 0;
+	snd_pcm_uframes_t offset = 0;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	if (size == 0)
+		return 0;
+	if (size > runtime->xfer_align)
+		size -= size % runtime->xfer_align;
+
+	snd_pcm_stream_lock_irq(substream);
+	switch (runtime->status->state) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_PREPARED:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_RUNNING:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_PAUSED:
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_XRUN:
+		err = -EPIPE;
+		goto _end_unlock;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_SUSPENDED:
+		err = -ESTRPIPE;
+		goto _end_unlock;
+	default:
+		err = -EBADFD;
+		goto _end_unlock;
+	}
+
+	while (size > 0) {
+		snd_pcm_uframes_t frames, appl_ptr, appl_ofs;
+		snd_pcm_uframes_t avail;
+		snd_pcm_uframes_t cont;
+		if (runtime->sleep_min == 0 && runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_RUNNING)
+			snd_pcm_update_hw_ptr(substream);
+		avail = snd_pcm_playback_avail(runtime);
+		if (((avail < runtime->control->avail_min && size > avail) ||
+		   (size >= runtime->xfer_align && avail < runtime->xfer_align))) {
+			wait_queue_t wait;
+			enum { READY, SIGNALED, ERROR, SUSPENDED, EXPIRED } state;
+			long tout;
+
+			if (nonblock) {
+				err = -EAGAIN;
+				goto _end_unlock;
+			}
+
+			init_waitqueue_entry(&wait, current);
+			add_wait_queue(&runtime->sleep, &wait);
+			while (1) {
+				if (signal_pending(current)) {
+					state = SIGNALED;
+					break;
+				}
+				set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
+				snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irq(substream);
+				tout = schedule_timeout(10 * HZ);
+				snd_pcm_stream_lock_irq(substream);
+				if (tout == 0) {
+					if (runtime->status->state != SNDRV_PCM_STATE_PREPARED &&
+					    runtime->status->state != SNDRV_PCM_STATE_PAUSED) {
+						state = runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_SUSPENDED ? SUSPENDED : EXPIRED;
+						break;
+					}
+				}
+				switch (runtime->status->state) {
+				case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_XRUN:
+				case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_DRAINING:
+					state = ERROR;
+					goto _end_loop;
+				case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_SUSPENDED:
+					state = SUSPENDED;
+					goto _end_loop;
+				default:
+					break;
+				}
+				avail = snd_pcm_playback_avail(runtime);
+				if (avail >= runtime->control->avail_min) {
+					state = READY;
+					break;
+				}
+			}
+		       _end_loop:
+			remove_wait_queue(&runtime->sleep, &wait);
+
+			switch (state) {
+			case ERROR:
+				err = -EPIPE;
+				goto _end_unlock;
+			case SUSPENDED:
+				err = -ESTRPIPE;
+				goto _end_unlock;
+			case SIGNALED:
+				err = -ERESTARTSYS;
+				goto _end_unlock;
+			case EXPIRED:
+				snd_printd("playback write error (DMA or IRQ trouble?)\n");
+				err = -EIO;
+				goto _end_unlock;
+			default:
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		if (avail > runtime->xfer_align)
+			avail -= avail % runtime->xfer_align;
+		frames = size > avail ? avail : size;
+		cont = runtime->buffer_size - runtime->control->appl_ptr % runtime->buffer_size;
+		if (frames > cont)
+			frames = cont;
+		snd_assert(frames != 0, snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irq(substream); return -EINVAL);
+		appl_ptr = runtime->control->appl_ptr;
+		appl_ofs = appl_ptr % runtime->buffer_size;
+		snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irq(substream);
+		if ((err = transfer(substream, appl_ofs, data, offset, frames)) < 0)
+			goto _end;
+		snd_pcm_stream_lock_irq(substream);
+		switch (runtime->status->state) {
+		case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_XRUN:
+			err = -EPIPE;
+			goto _end_unlock;
+		case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_SUSPENDED:
+			err = -ESTRPIPE;
+			goto _end_unlock;
+		default:
+			break;
+		}
+		appl_ptr += frames;
+		if (appl_ptr >= runtime->boundary)
+			appl_ptr -= runtime->boundary;
+		runtime->control->appl_ptr = appl_ptr;
+		if (substream->ops->ack)
+			substream->ops->ack(substream);
+
+		offset += frames;
+		size -= frames;
+		xfer += frames;
+		if (runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_PREPARED &&
+		    snd_pcm_playback_hw_avail(runtime) >= (snd_pcm_sframes_t)runtime->start_threshold) {
+			err = snd_pcm_start(substream);
+			if (err < 0)
+				goto _end_unlock;
+		}
+		if (runtime->sleep_min &&
+		    runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_RUNNING)
+			snd_pcm_tick_prepare(substream);
+	}
+ _end_unlock:
+	snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irq(substream);
+ _end:
+	return xfer > 0 ? (snd_pcm_sframes_t)xfer : err;
+}
+
+snd_pcm_sframes_t snd_pcm_lib_write(snd_pcm_substream_t *substream, const void __user *buf, snd_pcm_uframes_t size)
+{
+	snd_pcm_runtime_t *runtime;
+	int nonblock;
+
+	snd_assert(substream != NULL, return -ENXIO);
+	runtime = substream->runtime;
+	snd_assert(runtime != NULL, return -ENXIO);
+	snd_assert(substream->ops->copy != NULL || runtime->dma_area != NULL, return -EINVAL);
+	if (runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_OPEN)
+		return -EBADFD;
+
+	snd_assert(substream->ffile != NULL, return -ENXIO);
+	nonblock = !!(substream->ffile->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK);
+#if defined(CONFIG_SND_PCM_OSS) || defined(CONFIG_SND_PCM_OSS_MODULE)
+	if (substream->oss.oss) {
+		snd_pcm_oss_setup_t *setup = substream->oss.setup;
+		if (setup != NULL) {
+			if (setup->nonblock)
+				nonblock = 1;
+			else if (setup->block)
+				nonblock = 0;
+		}
+	}
+#endif
+
+	if (runtime->access != SNDRV_PCM_ACCESS_RW_INTERLEAVED &&
+	    runtime->channels > 1)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	return snd_pcm_lib_write1(substream, (unsigned long)buf, size, nonblock,
+				  snd_pcm_lib_write_transfer);
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_lib_writev_transfer(snd_pcm_substream_t *substream,
+				       unsigned int hwoff,
+				       unsigned long data, unsigned int off,
+				       snd_pcm_uframes_t frames)
+{
+	snd_pcm_runtime_t *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	int err;
+	void __user **bufs = (void __user **)data;
+	int channels = runtime->channels;
+	int c;
+	if (substream->ops->copy) {
+		snd_assert(substream->ops->silence != NULL, return -EINVAL);
+		for (c = 0; c < channels; ++c, ++bufs) {
+			if (*bufs == NULL) {
+				if ((err = substream->ops->silence(substream, c, hwoff, frames)) < 0)
+					return err;
+			} else {
+				char __user *buf = *bufs + samples_to_bytes(runtime, off);
+				if ((err = substream->ops->copy(substream, c, hwoff, buf, frames)) < 0)
+					return err;
+			}
+		}
+	} else {
+		/* default transfer behaviour */
+		size_t dma_csize = runtime->dma_bytes / channels;
+		snd_assert(runtime->dma_area, return -EFAULT);
+		for (c = 0; c < channels; ++c, ++bufs) {
+			char *hwbuf = runtime->dma_area + (c * dma_csize) + samples_to_bytes(runtime, hwoff);
+			if (*bufs == NULL) {
+				snd_pcm_format_set_silence(runtime->format, hwbuf, frames);
+			} else {
+				char __user *buf = *bufs + samples_to_bytes(runtime, off);
+				if (copy_from_user(hwbuf, buf, samples_to_bytes(runtime, frames)))
+					return -EFAULT;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+ 
+snd_pcm_sframes_t snd_pcm_lib_writev(snd_pcm_substream_t *substream,
+				     void __user **bufs,
+				     snd_pcm_uframes_t frames)
+{
+	snd_pcm_runtime_t *runtime;
+	int nonblock;
+
+	snd_assert(substream != NULL, return -ENXIO);
+	runtime = substream->runtime;
+	snd_assert(runtime != NULL, return -ENXIO);
+	snd_assert(substream->ops->copy != NULL || runtime->dma_area != NULL, return -EINVAL);
+	if (runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_OPEN)
+		return -EBADFD;
+
+	snd_assert(substream->ffile != NULL, return -ENXIO);
+	nonblock = !!(substream->ffile->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK);
+#if defined(CONFIG_SND_PCM_OSS) || defined(CONFIG_SND_PCM_OSS_MODULE)
+	if (substream->oss.oss) {
+		snd_pcm_oss_setup_t *setup = substream->oss.setup;
+		if (setup != NULL) {
+			if (setup->nonblock)
+				nonblock = 1;
+			else if (setup->block)
+				nonblock = 0;
+		}
+	}
+#endif
+
+	if (runtime->access != SNDRV_PCM_ACCESS_RW_NONINTERLEAVED)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	return snd_pcm_lib_write1(substream, (unsigned long)bufs, frames,
+				  nonblock, snd_pcm_lib_writev_transfer);
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_lib_read_transfer(snd_pcm_substream_t *substream, 
+				     unsigned int hwoff,
+				     unsigned long data, unsigned int off,
+				     snd_pcm_uframes_t frames)
+{
+	snd_pcm_runtime_t *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	int err;
+	char __user *buf = (char __user *) data + frames_to_bytes(runtime, off);
+	if (substream->ops->copy) {
+		if ((err = substream->ops->copy(substream, -1, hwoff, buf, frames)) < 0)
+			return err;
+	} else {
+		char *hwbuf = runtime->dma_area + frames_to_bytes(runtime, hwoff);
+		snd_assert(runtime->dma_area, return -EFAULT);
+		if (copy_to_user(buf, hwbuf, frames_to_bytes(runtime, frames)))
+			return -EFAULT;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static snd_pcm_sframes_t snd_pcm_lib_read1(snd_pcm_substream_t *substream,
+					   unsigned long data,
+					   snd_pcm_uframes_t size,
+					   int nonblock,
+					   transfer_f transfer)
+{
+	snd_pcm_runtime_t *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	snd_pcm_uframes_t xfer = 0;
+	snd_pcm_uframes_t offset = 0;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	if (size == 0)
+		return 0;
+	if (size > runtime->xfer_align)
+		size -= size % runtime->xfer_align;
+
+	snd_pcm_stream_lock_irq(substream);
+	switch (runtime->status->state) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_PREPARED:
+		if (size >= runtime->start_threshold) {
+			err = snd_pcm_start(substream);
+			if (err < 0)
+				goto _end_unlock;
+		}
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_DRAINING:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_RUNNING:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_PAUSED:
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_XRUN:
+		err = -EPIPE;
+		goto _end_unlock;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_SUSPENDED:
+		err = -ESTRPIPE;
+		goto _end_unlock;
+	default:
+		err = -EBADFD;
+		goto _end_unlock;
+	}
+
+	while (size > 0) {
+		snd_pcm_uframes_t frames, appl_ptr, appl_ofs;
+		snd_pcm_uframes_t avail;
+		snd_pcm_uframes_t cont;
+		if (runtime->sleep_min == 0 && runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_RUNNING)
+			snd_pcm_update_hw_ptr(substream);
+	      __draining:
+		avail = snd_pcm_capture_avail(runtime);
+		if (runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_DRAINING) {
+			if (avail < runtime->xfer_align) {
+				err = -EPIPE;
+				goto _end_unlock;
+			}
+		} else if ((avail < runtime->control->avail_min && size > avail) ||
+			   (size >= runtime->xfer_align && avail < runtime->xfer_align)) {
+			wait_queue_t wait;
+			enum { READY, SIGNALED, ERROR, SUSPENDED, EXPIRED } state;
+			long tout;
+
+			if (nonblock) {
+				err = -EAGAIN;
+				goto _end_unlock;
+			}
+
+			init_waitqueue_entry(&wait, current);
+			add_wait_queue(&runtime->sleep, &wait);
+			while (1) {
+				if (signal_pending(current)) {
+					state = SIGNALED;
+					break;
+				}
+				set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
+				snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irq(substream);
+				tout = schedule_timeout(10 * HZ);
+				snd_pcm_stream_lock_irq(substream);
+				if (tout == 0) {
+					if (runtime->status->state != SNDRV_PCM_STATE_PREPARED &&
+					    runtime->status->state != SNDRV_PCM_STATE_PAUSED) {
+						state = runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_SUSPENDED ? SUSPENDED : EXPIRED;
+						break;
+					}
+				}
+				switch (runtime->status->state) {
+				case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_XRUN:
+					state = ERROR;
+					goto _end_loop;
+				case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_SUSPENDED:
+					state = SUSPENDED;
+					goto _end_loop;
+				case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_DRAINING:
+					goto __draining;
+				default:
+					break;
+				}
+				avail = snd_pcm_capture_avail(runtime);
+				if (avail >= runtime->control->avail_min) {
+					state = READY;
+					break;
+				}
+			}
+		       _end_loop:
+			remove_wait_queue(&runtime->sleep, &wait);
+
+			switch (state) {
+			case ERROR:
+				err = -EPIPE;
+				goto _end_unlock;
+			case SUSPENDED:
+				err = -ESTRPIPE;
+				goto _end_unlock;
+			case SIGNALED:
+				err = -ERESTARTSYS;
+				goto _end_unlock;
+			case EXPIRED:
+				snd_printd("capture read error (DMA or IRQ trouble?)\n");
+				err = -EIO;
+				goto _end_unlock;
+			default:
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		if (avail > runtime->xfer_align)
+			avail -= avail % runtime->xfer_align;
+		frames = size > avail ? avail : size;
+		cont = runtime->buffer_size - runtime->control->appl_ptr % runtime->buffer_size;
+		if (frames > cont)
+			frames = cont;
+		snd_assert(frames != 0, snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irq(substream); return -EINVAL);
+		appl_ptr = runtime->control->appl_ptr;
+		appl_ofs = appl_ptr % runtime->buffer_size;
+		snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irq(substream);
+		if ((err = transfer(substream, appl_ofs, data, offset, frames)) < 0)
+			goto _end;
+		snd_pcm_stream_lock_irq(substream);
+		switch (runtime->status->state) {
+		case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_XRUN:
+			err = -EPIPE;
+			goto _end_unlock;
+		case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_SUSPENDED:
+			err = -ESTRPIPE;
+			goto _end_unlock;
+		default:
+			break;
+		}
+		appl_ptr += frames;
+		if (appl_ptr >= runtime->boundary)
+			appl_ptr -= runtime->boundary;
+		runtime->control->appl_ptr = appl_ptr;
+		if (substream->ops->ack)
+			substream->ops->ack(substream);
+
+		offset += frames;
+		size -= frames;
+		xfer += frames;
+		if (runtime->sleep_min &&
+		    runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_RUNNING)
+			snd_pcm_tick_prepare(substream);
+	}
+ _end_unlock:
+	snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irq(substream);
+ _end:
+	return xfer > 0 ? (snd_pcm_sframes_t)xfer : err;
+}
+
+snd_pcm_sframes_t snd_pcm_lib_read(snd_pcm_substream_t *substream, void __user *buf, snd_pcm_uframes_t size)
+{
+	snd_pcm_runtime_t *runtime;
+	int nonblock;
+	
+	snd_assert(substream != NULL, return -ENXIO);
+	runtime = substream->runtime;
+	snd_assert(runtime != NULL, return -ENXIO);
+	snd_assert(substream->ops->copy != NULL || runtime->dma_area != NULL, return -EINVAL);
+	if (runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_OPEN)
+		return -EBADFD;
+
+	snd_assert(substream->ffile != NULL, return -ENXIO);
+	nonblock = !!(substream->ffile->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK);
+#if defined(CONFIG_SND_PCM_OSS) || defined(CONFIG_SND_PCM_OSS_MODULE)
+	if (substream->oss.oss) {
+		snd_pcm_oss_setup_t *setup = substream->oss.setup;
+		if (setup != NULL) {
+			if (setup->nonblock)
+				nonblock = 1;
+			else if (setup->block)
+				nonblock = 0;
+		}
+	}
+#endif
+	if (runtime->access != SNDRV_PCM_ACCESS_RW_INTERLEAVED)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	return snd_pcm_lib_read1(substream, (unsigned long)buf, size, nonblock, snd_pcm_lib_read_transfer);
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_lib_readv_transfer(snd_pcm_substream_t *substream,
+				      unsigned int hwoff,
+				      unsigned long data, unsigned int off,
+				      snd_pcm_uframes_t frames)
+{
+	snd_pcm_runtime_t *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	int err;
+	void __user **bufs = (void __user **)data;
+	int channels = runtime->channels;
+	int c;
+	if (substream->ops->copy) {
+		for (c = 0; c < channels; ++c, ++bufs) {
+			char __user *buf;
+			if (*bufs == NULL)
+				continue;
+			buf = *bufs + samples_to_bytes(runtime, off);
+			if ((err = substream->ops->copy(substream, c, hwoff, buf, frames)) < 0)
+				return err;
+		}
+	} else {
+		snd_pcm_uframes_t dma_csize = runtime->dma_bytes / channels;
+		snd_assert(runtime->dma_area, return -EFAULT);
+		for (c = 0; c < channels; ++c, ++bufs) {
+			char *hwbuf;
+			char __user *buf;
+			if (*bufs == NULL)
+				continue;
+
+			hwbuf = runtime->dma_area + (c * dma_csize) + samples_to_bytes(runtime, hwoff);
+			buf = *bufs + samples_to_bytes(runtime, off);
+			if (copy_to_user(buf, hwbuf, samples_to_bytes(runtime, frames)))
+				return -EFAULT;
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+ 
+snd_pcm_sframes_t snd_pcm_lib_readv(snd_pcm_substream_t *substream,
+				    void __user **bufs,
+				    snd_pcm_uframes_t frames)
+{
+	snd_pcm_runtime_t *runtime;
+	int nonblock;
+
+	snd_assert(substream != NULL, return -ENXIO);
+	runtime = substream->runtime;
+	snd_assert(runtime != NULL, return -ENXIO);
+	snd_assert(substream->ops->copy != NULL || runtime->dma_area != NULL, return -EINVAL);
+	if (runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_OPEN)
+		return -EBADFD;
+
+	snd_assert(substream->ffile != NULL, return -ENXIO);
+	nonblock = !!(substream->ffile->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK);
+#if defined(CONFIG_SND_PCM_OSS) || defined(CONFIG_SND_PCM_OSS_MODULE)
+	if (substream->oss.oss) {
+		snd_pcm_oss_setup_t *setup = substream->oss.setup;
+		if (setup != NULL) {
+			if (setup->nonblock)
+				nonblock = 1;
+			else if (setup->block)
+				nonblock = 0;
+		}
+	}
+#endif
+
+	if (runtime->access != SNDRV_PCM_ACCESS_RW_NONINTERLEAVED)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	return snd_pcm_lib_read1(substream, (unsigned long)bufs, frames, nonblock, snd_pcm_lib_readv_transfer);
+}
+
+/*
+ *  Exported symbols
+ */
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_interval_refine);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_interval_list);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_interval_ratnum);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_interval_muldivk);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_interval_mulkdiv);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_interval_div);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(_snd_pcm_hw_params_any);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(_snd_pcm_hw_param_min);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(_snd_pcm_hw_param_set);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(_snd_pcm_hw_param_setempty);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(_snd_pcm_hw_param_setinteger);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_hw_param_value_min);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_hw_param_value_max);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_hw_param_mask);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_hw_param_first);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_hw_param_last);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_hw_param_near);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_hw_param_set);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_hw_refine);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_hw_params);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_hw_constraints_init);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_hw_constraints_complete);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_hw_constraint_list);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_hw_constraint_step);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_hw_constraint_ratnums);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_hw_constraint_ratdens);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_hw_constraint_msbits);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_hw_constraint_minmax);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_hw_constraint_pow2);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_hw_rule_add);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_set_ops);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_set_sync);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_lib_ioctl);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_stop);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_period_elapsed);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_lib_write);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_lib_read);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_lib_writev);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_lib_readv);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_lib_buffer_bytes);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_lib_period_bytes);
+/* pcm_memory.c */
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_lib_preallocate_free_for_all);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_lib_preallocate_pages);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_lib_preallocate_pages_for_all);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_sgbuf_ops_page);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_lib_malloc_pages);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_lib_free_pages);