memcg: add memory.pressure_level events

With this patch userland applications that want to maintain the
interactivity/memory allocation cost can use the pressure level
notifications.  The levels are defined like this:

The "low" level means that the system is reclaiming memory for new
allocations.  Monitoring this reclaiming activity might be useful for
maintaining cache level.  Upon notification, the program (typically
"Activity Manager") might analyze vmstat and act in advance (i.e.
prematurely shutdown unimportant services).

The "medium" level means that the system is experiencing medium memory
pressure, the system might be making swap, paging out active file
caches, etc.  Upon this event applications may decide to further analyze
vmstat/zoneinfo/memcg or internal memory usage statistics and free any
resources that can be easily reconstructed or re-read from a disk.

The "critical" level means that the system is actively thrashing, it is
about to out of memory (OOM) or even the in-kernel OOM killer is on its
way to trigger.  Applications should do whatever they can to help the
system.  It might be too late to consult with vmstat or any other
statistics, so it's advisable to take an immediate action.

The events are propagated upward until the event is handled, i.e.  the
events are not pass-through.  Here is what this means: for example you
have three cgroups: A->B->C.  Now you set up an event listener on
cgroups A, B and C, and suppose group C experiences some pressure.  In
this situation, only group C will receive the notification, i.e.  groups
A and B will not receive it.  This is done to avoid excessive
"broadcasting" of messages, which disturbs the system and which is
especially bad if we are low on memory or thrashing.  So, organize the
cgroups wisely, or propagate the events manually (or, ask us to
implement the pass-through events, explaining why would you need them.)

Performance wise, the memory pressure notifications feature itself is
lightweight and does not require much of bookkeeping, in contrast to the
rest of memcg features.  Unfortunately, as of current memcg
implementation, pages accounting is an inseparable part and cannot be
turned off.  The good news is that there are some efforts[1] to improve
the situation; plus, implementing the same, fully API-compatible[2]
interface for CONFIG_CGROUP_MEM_RES_CTLR=n case (e.g.  embedded) is also
a viable option, so it will not require any changes on the userland
side.

[1] http://permalink.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel.cgroups/6291
[2] http://lkml.org/lkml/2013/2/21/454

Change-Id: Ib7b9f7986008d423b84152e2781d0402a560c95e
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix CONFIG_CGROPUPS=n warnings]
Signed-off-by: Anton Vorontsov <anton.vorontsov@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill@shutemov.name>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@parallels.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Luiz Capitulino <lcapitulino@redhat.com>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: Leonid Moiseichuk <leonid.moiseichuk@nokia.com>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz <b.zolnierkie@samsung.com>
Cc: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Conflicts:
	mm/memcontrol.c
	mm/vmscan.c

2 files changed, 49 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/include/linux/memcontrol.h b/include/linux/memcontrol.h
index 4a8da84..91a6466 100644
--- a/include/linux/memcontrol.h
+++ b/include/linux/memcontrol.h
@@ -86,6 +86,8 @@ int task_in_mem_cgroup(struct task_struct *task, const struct mem_cgroup *mem);
 extern struct mem_cgroup *try_get_mem_cgroup_from_page(struct page *page);
 extern struct mem_cgroup *mem_cgroup_from_task(struct task_struct *p);
 extern struct mem_cgroup *try_get_mem_cgroup_from_mm(struct mm_struct *mm);
+extern struct mem_cgroup *parent_mem_cgroup(struct mem_cgroup *mem);
+extern struct mem_cgroup *mem_cgroup_from_cont(struct cgroup *cont);
 
 static inline
 int mm_match_cgroup(const struct mm_struct *mm, const struct mem_cgroup *cgroup)
diff --git a/include/linux/vmpressure.h b/include/linux/vmpressure.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1c97fa8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/linux/vmpressure.h
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+#ifndef __LINUX_VMPRESSURE_H
+#define __LINUX_VMPRESSURE_H
+
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
+#include <linux/list.h>
+#include <linux/workqueue.h>
+#include <linux/gfp.h>
+#include <linux/types.h>
+#include <linux/cgroup.h>
+
+struct vmpressure {
+	unsigned long scanned;
+	unsigned long reclaimed;
+	/* The lock is used to keep the scanned/reclaimed above in sync. */
+	struct mutex sr_lock;
+
+	/* The list of vmpressure_event structs. */
+	struct list_head events;
+	/* Have to grab the lock on events traversal or modifications. */
+	struct mutex events_lock;
+
+	struct work_struct work;
+};
+
+struct mem_cgroup;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_CGROUP_MEM_RES_CTLR
+extern void vmpressure(gfp_t gfp, struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
+		       unsigned long scanned, unsigned long reclaimed);
+extern void vmpressure_prio(gfp_t gfp, struct mem_cgroup *memcg, int prio);
+
+extern void vmpressure_init(struct vmpressure *vmpr);
+extern struct vmpressure *memcg_to_vmpressure(struct mem_cgroup *memcg);
+extern struct cgroup_subsys_state *vmpressure_to_css(struct vmpressure *vmpr);
+extern struct vmpressure *css_to_vmpressure(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css);
+extern int vmpressure_register_event(struct cgroup *cg, struct cftype *cft,
+				     struct eventfd_ctx *eventfd,
+				     const char *args);
+extern void vmpressure_unregister_event(struct cgroup *cg, struct cftype *cft,
+					struct eventfd_ctx *eventfd);
+#else
+static inline void vmpressure(gfp_t gfp, struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
+			      unsigned long scanned, unsigned long reclaimed) {}
+static inline void vmpressure_prio(gfp_t gfp, struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
+				   int prio) {}
+#endif /* CONFIG_CGROUP_MEM_RES_CTLR */
+#endif /* __LINUX_VMPRESSURE_H */